WO2017031612A1 - 三棉条异步输入和多级分梳的转杯纺纺纱方法及装置 - Google Patents

三棉条异步输入和多级分梳的转杯纺纺纱方法及装置 Download PDF

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WO2017031612A1
WO2017031612A1 PCT/CN2015/000737 CN2015000737W WO2017031612A1 WO 2017031612 A1 WO2017031612 A1 WO 2017031612A1 CN 2015000737 W CN2015000737 W CN 2015000737W WO 2017031612 A1 WO2017031612 A1 WO 2017031612A1
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roller
yarn
speed
linear density
cotton
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PCT/CN2015/000737
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English (en)
French (fr)
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薛元
高卫东
杨瑞华
郭明瑞
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江南大学
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Application filed by 江南大学 filed Critical 江南大学
Priority to EP15901886.0A priority Critical patent/EP3327185B1/en
Publication of WO2017031612A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017031612A1/zh

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H4/00—Open-end spinning machines or arrangements for imparting twist to independently moving fibres separated from slivers; Piecing arrangements therefor; Covering endless core threads with fibres by open-end spinning techniques
    • D01H4/30—Arrangements for separating slivers into fibres; Orienting or straightening fibres, e.g. using guide-rolls
    • D01H4/32—Arrangements for separating slivers into fibres; Orienting or straightening fibres, e.g. using guide-rolls using opening rollers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H4/00—Open-end spinning machines or arrangements for imparting twist to independently moving fibres separated from slivers; Piecing arrangements therefor; Covering endless core threads with fibres by open-end spinning techniques
    • D01H4/42—Control of driving or stopping
    • D01H4/44—Control of driving or stopping in rotor spinning
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/34—Yarns or threads having slubs, knops, spirals, loops, tufts, or other irregular or decorative effects, i.e. effect yarns
    • D02G3/346—Yarns or threads having slubs, knops, spirals, loops, tufts, or other irregular or decorative effects, i.e. effect yarns with coloured effects, i.e. by differential dyeing process

Definitions

  • the basic principle of spinning a rotor into a yarn is as follows: the sliver is held by the bell mouth through the grip of the cotton sheet and the cotton roller, and the cotton sliver is rotated to convey the sliver to the combing zone; the combing roller pair of the high-speed rotating combing zone The sliver is opened and stripped, combed and separated, and mixed into single fibers which are separated from each other and arranged in parallel and enter the cotton conveying passage; under the action of the air stream, the fiber flow enters the rotor through the cotton conveying passage, and rotates at high speed. Under the centrifugal force of the cup, the fibers are further superimposed and mixed in the coagulation tank, and are taken out by the mother yarn and twisted by a damper to form a yarn.
  • two or more rovings that need to be fed can control the respective feeding amounts online, and the total roving is fed while changing the feeding amount of each roving separately.
  • the input can also be controlled, and there is currently no patent to achieve the production of this yarn.
  • the main problem with yarns that do not change in line density and blending ratio is that two or more fibers cannot be blended at any ratio in the rotor spinning process.
  • the utility model relates to a device for multi-stage carding and multi-component feeding rotor spinning method, comprising a spinning system and a computer control system, and the spinning system comprises a feeding carding mechanism, a cohesive twisting mechanism and a winding forming mechanism.
  • the utility model is characterized in that the feeding carding mechanism comprises a multi-stage carding roller and a combined feeding roller with three degrees of freedom of rotation, and the speed ratio of the three rolleres of the three-turning degree of freedom to the cotton roller is Tune.
  • the coagulation and twisting mechanism comprises a cotton conveying passage, a rotor cup and a yarn feeding device; and the winding forming mechanism comprises a yarn winding mechanism.
  • the computer control system comprises a PLC programmable controller, a servo driver and a servo motor, and the three rotary degrees of freedom combined cotton roller and multi-stage opening roller are driven by a servo motor.
  • the combination of the rotary freedom degrees of the cotton roller includes a shaft, a bearing, a hollow shaft, a first gear, a second gear, a third gear, a washer, a first movable roller, a second movable roller, and a third movable roller.
  • the first gear, the second gear, the third gear, the first movable roller, the second movable roller, and the third movable roller rotate about the same axis, the first gear drives the first movable roller, and the second gear drives the second movable roller.
  • the third gear drives the third active roller.
  • the multi-stage opening roller is composed of a first opening roller, a second opening roller and a third opening roller arranged in parallel. The rotation speed of the multi-stage opening roller is gradually increased, the rotation speed of the first opening roller is 1500-3000 rpm, the rotation speed of the second opening roller is 3000-6000 rpm, and the rotation speed of the third opening roller is 6000-12000 rpm.
  • the needle density of the multi-stage opening roller is increased step by step.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for performing rotor spinning using the above apparatus, comprising cotton feeding, carding, cohesive twisting, and yarn winding, characterized in that the cotton is fed by three revolutions.
  • the combined type of cotton roller is fed asynchronously into the combing zone, and the carding uses a multi-stage opening roller.
  • three slivers (or strips of three different raw materials, or strips of three colors, referred to as three components) can be combined and fed to the cotton roller Simultaneously feeding the rotor spinning and combing zone, and gradually unwinding, combing, orienting, mixing, and decomposing the three-stage opening roller, and gradually splitting the two slivers into bundle fibers and further decomposing into single roots.
  • fiber a continuous single sheet that is detached and transferred from the opening roller under the action of centrifugal force and air flow The fiber stream enters the spinning cup at high speed.
  • the fiber flow is condensed into a whisker under the centrifugal force of the rotor, and then twisted by a damper, and the yarn is drawn from the yarn to form a rotor spinning yarn.
  • the servo drive system is controlled by a computer program, so that the cotton roller having three degrees of freedom feeds the three slivers into the combing zone asynchronously, by regulating the feeding amount of the three cotton rollers and By feeding ratio, the linear density of the final yarn of the rotor spinning and the blending ratio of the three components can be dynamically configured to produce slub yarn, segment color yarn, segment color bamboo yarn, and color matching yarn.
  • the rotation speed of the first opening roller is low, so as to ensure that the difference in the feeding amount of the plurality of slivers is large, the total number of combing times of the fibers in the slivers is within a reasonable range, and the fiber damage is reduced.
  • the rotation speed of the second opening roller is higher than that of the first opening roller, and the longitudinal orientation of the fiber is optimized by the combing of the second opening roller, and the lateral transfer mixing is further optimized;
  • the third opening roller is a high-speed opening roller, the fiber After the third opening roller, not only better carding and transfer, but also the speed is increased, and the centrifugal force required to enter the carding passage can be smoothly and orderly entered into the rotor.
  • the cotton strip is decomposed into a cotton net, the cotton web is decomposed into bundle fibers, and the bundle fibers are decomposed into single fibers. It enhances the function of the rotor spinning and combing area, and has the effects of flexibility, high efficiency and high yield.
  • the invention patent constructs the corresponding spinning mathematical model and program algorithm.
  • the linear density and blending ratio of the randomly controlled rotor spinning yarn are realized.
  • the following four yarns are spun:
  • a yarn having a constant linear density and a blending ratio such as a linear density yarn having a gradation color or a segmented color
  • Yarns with varying linear density and blending ratio such as segmental bamboo slub yarn, segment color big belly yarn, segment color dot yarn, etc.;
  • 4-wire density and blending ratio do not change, but blended yarn or mixed color yarn blended in any ratio.
  • Figure 2 Three-point comb roller rotor spinning roving combing process
  • FIG. 3 Schematic diagram of the drive to the cotton roller, 3b is the right view of 3a
  • 1-1,1-2,1-3-seating roller,1-4,1-5-distribution,1-6-to cotton roller,1-7-cotton,1-8-pressurized shrapnel , 1-9- give cotton board, 1-10-to-cotton channel, 1-1-1-barrier, 1-12-rotor, 1-13-exhaust hole, 1-14, 1-15-yarn roller , 1-16-yarn, 2-4, 2-5, 2-6-to cotton roller, 2-1, 2-2, 2-3-cotton, 2-7- cotton board, 2-8 , 2-9, 2-10- splitting roller, 2-11-fiber flow, 2-12-rotary cup, 23-1-yarn, 3a-1, 3a-4, 3a-5-rolla, 3a- 2,3a-9,3a-10-gear, 3a-3,3a-6,3a-7-crossing gear, 3a-8-roller shaft, 3a-11,3a-12,3a-13-spinning roller , 3a-14-fine yarn; 3b-1-gear, 3b-2
  • V 01 line speed of the cotton roller 1;
  • V 02 line speed of the cotton roller 2;
  • V 03 line speed of the cotton roller 3;
  • V 1 line speed of the opening roller 1;
  • V 2 opening roller Line speed of 2;
  • V 3 line speed of the opening roller 3;
  • V 4 line speed of the cup;
  • V 5 line speed of the yarn of the yarn;
  • ⁇ 1 linear density of tampon A (g/m);
  • ⁇ 2 linear density of the sliver B (g/m);
  • ⁇ 3 linear density of the sliver C (g/m);
  • ⁇ 11 the linear density (g/m) of the sliver A passing through the opening roller 1;
  • ⁇ 12 the linear density (g/m) of the sliver A passing through the opening roller 2;
  • ⁇ 13 the linear density (g/m) of the sliver A passing through the opening roller 3;
  • ⁇ 14 the linear density (g/m) of the sliver A in the rotor
  • ⁇ 21 the linear density (g/m) of the sliver B passing through the opening roller 1;
  • ⁇ 22 the linear density (g/m) of the sliver B passing through the opening roller 2;
  • ⁇ 23 the linear density (g/m) of the sliver B passing through the opening roller 3;
  • ⁇ 24 the linear density (g/m) of the sliver B in the rotor
  • ⁇ 31 the linear density (g/m) of the sliver C passing through the opening roller 1;
  • ⁇ 32 the linear density (g/m) of the sliver C passing through the opening roller 2;
  • ⁇ 33 the linear density (g/m) of the sliver C passing through the opening roller 3;
  • ⁇ 34 the linear density (g/m) of the sliver C in the rotor
  • E 1 a draft ratio of the opening roller 1 relative to the feed roller
  • E 2 a draft ratio of the opening roller 2 to the opening roller 1;
  • E 3 a draft ratio of the opening roller 3 to the opening roller 2;
  • E 4 a draft ratio of the rotor to the opening roller 3;
  • E 5 the draw ratio of the take-up roller relative to the rotor
  • the total draft ratio of the rotor spinning is equal to the draft ratio of the yarn feeding roller relative to the cotton roller.
  • the subscripts 1, 2, and 3 represent component A, component B, and component C, respectively.
  • the patent adopts the form of a three-way comb roll, that is, the first opening roller, the second opening roller and the third opening roller.
  • the main purpose is to strip, open, remove and separate the comb.
  • the number of combing of the sliver is within a reasonable range to reduce the damage of the fiber;
  • the density of the combing roller and the working angle of the comb are also relatively large.
  • ⁇ 6000-12000rpm
  • the sliver is decomposed into a cotton net, the cotton web is decomposed into bundle fibers, and the bundle fibers are decomposed into single fibers.
  • the large drafting function enhances the function of the rotor spinning and combing area, meets the special requirements of the rotor spinning of the multiple feeding slivers, and realizes the flexible and efficient combing function.
  • the blending ratio of components A, B, and C in the rotor spinning yarn is K 1 , K 2 , and K 3 :
  • V 01 ′ V 01 + ⁇ V 01
  • V 02 ′ V 02 + ⁇ V 02
  • V 03 ′ V 03 + ⁇ V 03
  • V 01 +V 02 +V 03 V 0
  • the blending ratio (mixing ratio) of different fibers (different colors) in the yarn can be changed by changing V 01 , V 02 , V 03 so that k 1 , k 2 , k 3 are at 0. Change within ⁇ 100% range.
  • the color mixing ratio is incremented by 0.1 as the minimum increment, one of which is as follows:
  • k 1 +k 2 +k 3 100% can have a myriad of combinations.
  • three primary color slivers three color slivers
  • coupled drafting, cross-change color, gradient color matching, twisting and mixing eventually can form a lot
  • a color scheme can also form a segmented yarn having a plurality of color distributions on the yarn.
  • V 01 +V 02 +V 03 V 0
  • variable linear density yarn having a linear density change of components and a linear density of two components
  • variable linear density yarns with varying linear density of three components
  • variable linear density yarns with three components that are continuous but with varying linear density
  • ⁇ V 0 ⁇ V 01 + ⁇ V 02 + ⁇ V 03
  • ⁇ V may be from ⁇ V 01 or from ⁇ V 02 , ⁇ V 03 , which may be determined by the blend ratio. Then there are:
  • ⁇ V 01 K' 1 (V 0 + ⁇ V)-V 01
  • ⁇ V 02 K' 2 (V 0 + ⁇ V)-V 02
  • ⁇ V 03 K' 3 (V 0 + ⁇ V)-V 03

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

一种多级分梳转杯纺纱方法的装置，包括纺纱***和电脑控制***，纺纱***包括喂给分梳机构、凝聚加捻机构、卷绕成型机构，其特征在于喂给分梳机构包括三个回转自由度的组合式给棉罗拉（2-4，2-5，2-6）、多级分梳辊（2-8，2-9，2-10），所述的三回转自由度的组合式给棉罗拉（2-4，2-5，2-6）的三个罗拉的速度比可调，实现了随机调控转杯纺成纱的线密度及混纺比。还公开了一种三棉条异步输入和多级分梳的转杯纺纺纱方法。

Description

三棉条异步输入和多级分梳的转杯纺纺纱方法及装置 技术领域
本发明属纺织行业的转杯纺纱领域
背景技术
转杯纺成纱的基本原理为：棉条由喇叭口经给棉板和给棉罗拉的握持，给棉罗拉转动输送棉条送至分梳区；分梳区高速旋转的分梳辊对棉条进行开松剥取、梳理分离、混合，使其变为相互分离、平行排列的单纤维并进入输棉通道；在气流作用下，纤维流经由输棉通道进入转杯，在高速旋转纺杯的离心力作用下，纤维在凝聚槽内进一步叠加混合，由母纱引出并经阻捻器加捻后形成纱线。
专利“一种转杯纺混色成纱方法及装置与产品”(申请号CN201410190891.1)及“一种转杯纺混色成纱装置”(CN201420229715.X)通过控制喂给罗拉速度，以连续恒量喂入、或者分段变量喂入两根或两根以上的熟条，变混纺比形成具有单色或者多色纤维混合，以实现纺纱线密度恒定而调整混纺比的效果。但该发明存在两个问题：第一，在发明中只是在概念上提出通过耦合牵伸实现线密度恒定的混色及段彩纺纱，并未给出耦合牵伸实现线密度恒定的条件下如何改变混合比及混色比。同时，未给出具体的实施方案及实施例。第二，该专利申请仍使用传统的单一分梳辊，当三根棉条同时喂入时，原有的分梳牵伸***不能充分地完成对多根棉条剥取、梳理、混合和分解牵伸，由此会导致纤维丛分解不充分，造成堵分梳辊和堵转杯情况发生，纺纱易出现断头及粗节、棉结等缺陷。同时，耦合喂入的各根棉条虽然总量恒定，但各棉条喂入量存在差异，较短的分梳区导致纤维横向混合的机会也不多，因此导致混色效果不理想。
目前转杯纺中可以实现混纺比恒定而线密度变化的主要有专利“转杯纺竹节纱的方法和纺纱装置”(授权号CN00137211.4)，它的原理是异步电机和步进电机，经差动器、丝杆和蜗轮，驱动喂给罗拉，通过步进电机在智能控制器控制下执行下列操作：从高速减至低速；持续运行一段时间；加速至高速；持续运行一段时间，转杯纺制一段竹节纱。该专利可以生产变线密度的纱线，但无法改变纱线混纺比。
生产线密度和混纺比均变化的纱线，需要喂入的两根或两根以上粗纱能够分别在线控制各自的喂入量，并且在分别改变各粗纱喂入量的同时还要使总的粗纱喂入量也能得到控制，目前尚无专利能实现这种纱的生产。生产线密度和混纺比均不变化的纱线，主要问题是，不能在转杯纺细纱工序实现两种以上纤维以任意比例进行混纺。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题，本发明在机构上对传统转杯纺纱机进行了改进。一种多级分梳及多组分喂入的转杯纺纱方法的装置，包括纺纱***和电脑控制***，纺纱***包括喂给分梳机构、凝聚加捻机构、卷绕成型机构，其特征在于喂给分梳机构包括多级分梳辊和具有三个回转自由度的组合式给棉罗拉，所述的三个回转自由度的组合式给棉罗拉的三个罗拉的速度比可调。所述凝聚加捻机构包括输棉通道、转杯和引纱装置；卷绕成型机构包括引纱卷绕机构。所述的电脑控制***包括PLC可编程控制器、伺服驱动器、伺服电机，所述的三个回转自由度的组合式给棉罗拉、多级分梳辊由伺服电机驱动。所述的回转自由度的组合式给棉罗拉包括轴、轴承、空心轴、第一齿轮、第二齿轮、第三齿轮、垫圈、第一活动罗拉、第二活动罗拉、第三活动罗拉，所述第一齿轮、第二齿轮、第三齿轮、第一活动罗拉、第二活动罗拉、第三活动罗拉围绕同一轴线转动，第一齿轮驱动第一活动罗拉，第二齿轮驱动第二活动罗拉，第三齿轮驱动第三活动罗拉。所述的多级分梳辊由第一分梳辊、第二分梳辊和第三分梳辊平行排列组成。所述的多级分梳辊的转速逐级递增，第一分梳辊的转速为1500-3000rpm，第二分梳辊的转速为3000-6000rpm，第三分梳辊的转速为6000-12000rpm。，所述多级分梳辊的梳针密度逐级增大。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种使用上述装置进行转杯纺纱的方法，包括给棉、分梳、凝聚加捻、引纱卷绕，其特征在于：所述给棉采用三个回转自由度的组合式给棉罗拉非同步喂入分梳区，所述分梳采用多级分梳辊。
通过本发明配置设计的组合罗拉和三个分梳辊，可将三根棉条(或三种不同原料的条子、或三种色彩的条子，下简称三组份)，经组合式给棉罗拉非同步地喂入转杯纺分梳区，经三级分梳辊的逐级开松、梳理、取向、混合、及分解牵伸，将两根棉条逐步分解为束纤维并进一步分解为单根纤维。在离心力和气流的作用下，从分梳辊上脱离和转移的连续单 纤维流进入高速旋转的纺杯。纤维流在转杯离心力作用下又凝聚成须条，再经阻捻器加捻，由引纱罗拉导出形成转杯纺纱线。在纺纱过程中，通过电脑程序控制伺服驱动***，使具有三个自由度的给棉罗拉非同步地分别将三根棉条喂入分梳区，通过调控三个给棉罗拉的喂入量和喂入比，就可以动态配置该转杯纺最终成纱的线密度及三组份的混纺比，生产竹节纱、段彩纱、段彩竹节纱、配色纱。
第一分梳辊的转速较低，这样可以保证多根棉条喂入量差异较大时，各棉条中纤维受到分梳辊的梳理次数总量都在合理的范围内，减少纤维的损伤；第二分梳辊的转速高于第一分梳辊，经过第二分梳辊的梳理，纤维的纵向取向得到优化，横向转移混合进一步优化；第三分梳辊是高速分梳辊，纤维经过第三分梳辊不仅得到更好的梳理与转移，并且速度得到提升，到达进入梳棉通道的离心力要求，可以顺利有序的进入转杯成纱。通过上述多级剥取、开松、除杂、分梳牵伸、转移，顺利完成将棉条分解成棉网、棉网再分解成束纤维、束纤维在分解成单纤维的超大牵伸功能，提升了转杯纺分梳区的功能，具有柔性、高效、高产的效果。
(2)本发明专利在机械创新设计的基础上，构建了相应的纺纱数学模型和程序算法，通过机电一体化的伺服控制***，实现了随机调控转杯纺成纱的线密度及混纺比。在具体的实施例中，进行了如下四种纱线的纺纱：
①线密度恒定而混纺比变化的纱线，如具有渐变色彩或分段色彩的等线密度段彩纱；
②混纺比恒定而线密度变化的纱线，如竹节纱、大肚纱、点点纱等；
③线密度和混纺比均变化的纱线，如段彩竹节纱、段彩大肚纱、段彩点点纱等；
④线密度和混纺比不变化，但以任意比例混配的混纺纱或混配色纱。
附图说明
图1：转杯纺纱流程图
图2：三分梳辊转杯纺粗纱梳理牵伸过过程图
图3：给棉罗拉传动示意图，3b为3a的右视图
图4：组合式给棉罗拉结构图
图5：三组份异步二级牵伸纺纱控制***图
图6：三组份异步输入转杯纺成纱***控制模式图
1-1，1-2，1-3-分梳辊，1-4，1-5-排杂口，1-6-给棉罗拉，1-7-棉条，1-8-加压弹片，1-9-给棉板，1-10-输棉通道，1-11-阻捻器，1-12-转杯，1-13-抽气孔，1-14，1-15-引纱罗拉，1-16-纱线，2-4，2-5，2-6-给棉罗拉，2-1，2-2，2-3-棉条，2-7-给棉板，2-8，2-9，2-10-分梳辊，2-11-纤维流，2-12-转杯，2-13-纱线，3a-1，3a-4，3a-5-罗拉，3a-2，3a-9，3a-10-齿轮，3a-3，3a-6，3a-7-过桥齿轮，3a-8-罗拉轴，3a-11，3a-12，3a-13-分梳辊，3a-14-细纱；图3b中3b-1-齿轮，3b-2-罗拉，3b-3-齿轮，3b-4-齿轮，3b-5-齿轮。
4-1，4-10-轴承，4-2-空心轴，4-3，4-9，4-11-齿轮，4-4，4-8-垫圈，4-5-罗拉，4-6-罗拉，4-7-罗拉，4-12-轴，4-5，4-6，4-7三个活动罗拉分别由齿轮4-3，4-9，4-11驱动。
具体实施方式
文中所用公式代号的意义：
V01：给棉罗拉1的线速度；V02：给棉罗拉2的线速度；V03：给棉罗拉3的线速度；V1：分梳辊1的线速度；V2：分梳辊2的线速度；V3：分梳辊3的线速度；V4：转杯线速度；V5：引纱罗拉线速度；
ρ1：棉条A的线密度(克/米)；
ρ2：棉条B的线密度(克/米)；
ρ3：棉条C的线密度(克/米)；
ρ：成纱线密度(克/米)；
ρ11：棉条A经过分梳辊1的线密度(克/米)；
ρ12：棉条A经过分梳辊2的线密度(克/米)；
ρ13：棉条A经过分梳辊3的线密度(克/米)；
ρ14：棉条A在转杯内的线密度(克/米)，
ρ21：棉条B经过分梳辊1的线密度(克/米)；
ρ22：棉条B经过分梳辊2的线密度(克/米)；
ρ23：棉条B经过分梳辊3的线密度(克/米)；
ρ24：棉条B在转杯内的线密度(克/米)，
ρ31：棉条C经过分梳辊1的线密度(克/米)；
ρ32：棉条C经过分梳辊2的线密度(克/米)；
ρ33：棉条C经过分梳辊3的线密度(克/米)；
ρ34：棉条C在转杯内的线密度(克/米)，
E1：分梳辊1相对于给棉罗拉的牵伸比；
E2：分梳辊2相对于分梳辊1的牵伸比；
E3：分梳辊3相对于分梳辊2的牵伸比；
E4：转杯相对于分梳辊3的牵伸比；
E5：引纱罗拉相对于转杯的牵伸比；
E：转杯纺总牵伸比，等于引纱罗拉相对于给棉罗拉的牵伸比。
下标1，2，3分别代表组分A，组分B，组分C。
(1)三分梳辊分梳工艺的设计：
针对多根棉条喂入时，喂给罗拉喂入速度相差较大的情况下，各组份纤维握持时间相差较大，在单分梳辊转杯纺中，由于需要平衡剥削/梳理纤维，以及转移到梳棉通道时对纤维速度的要求，单分梳辊的转速很高，这样棉条喂入量差异大的时候，三根棉条中纤维受到的梳理次数相差很大，梳理次数多的纤维损伤过大。
为了解决分梳辊转速对纤维损伤和纤维流均匀混合的问题，本专利采用三分梳辊形式，即第1分梳辊、第2分梳辊和第3分梳辊。第一分梳辊的转速(ω＝1500-3000rpm)较低、梳针密度相对较低、梳针工作角相对较小，以剥取、开松、除杂和分梳为主，重点使各棉条受到的梳理次数在合理的范围，减少纤维的损伤；第二分梳辊的转速(ω＝3000-6000rpm)，以剥取、分梳牵伸和纤维转移为主，梳针密度大于第一分梳辊梳针密度，梳针工作角也相对略大，经过第二分梳辊的梳理，纤维的纵向取向得到优化，横向转移混合进一步优化；第三分梳辊是高速分梳辊(ω＝6000-12000rpm)，以剥取、分梳牵伸和纤维转移为主，梳针密度大于第二分梳辊梳针密度，梳针工作角最大，纤维经过第三分梳辊不仅得到更好的梳理与转移，并且由于第三分梳辊的高速运转，在气流和离心力作用下，高度分离且连续的纤维流顺势通过输棉通道，排列有序地进入转杯凝聚成纱。
通过三分梳辊的多级剥取、开松、除杂、分梳牵伸、转移，顺利完成将棉条分解成棉网、棉网再分解成束纤维、束纤维在分解成单纤维的超大牵伸功能，提升了转杯纺分梳区的功能，满足了多根棉条异步喂入的转杯纺纱对分梳的特殊要求，实现了柔性、高效的分梳功能。
(2)转杯纺成纱牵伸倍数：
Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-000005
Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-000006
Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-000007
(3)成纱后细纱线密度
Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-000008
(4)混纺比
组份A，B，C在转杯纺纱线中的混纺比为K1、K2、K3则：
Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-000009
Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-000010
Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-000011
(4)细纱动态线密度
假设引纱速度V5不变，成分A，B，C的喂给罗拉速度V01，V02，V03的变量分别为：
V01′＝V01+ΔV01
V02′＝V02+ΔV02
V03′＝V03+ΔV03
因此新的细纱动态线密度为
Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-000012
Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-000013
(5)细纱动态混纺比
假定：ρ1＝ρ2＝ρ3＝ρ0
V01+V02+V03＝V0
则基准混纺比
Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-000014
Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-000015
Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-000016
当V01+V02+V03→V01+ΔV01+V02+ΔV02+V03+ΔV03时混纺比变化为：
Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-000017
Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-000018
Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-000019
混色比的梯度配置，实现不同配色的方案
在V0保持恒定的条件下，通过改变V01、V02、V03就可以改变纱线内不同纤维(不同色彩)的混纺比(混色比)，使k1、k2、k3在0～100％范围内进行变化。在三原色的各种混色模式下，混色比的递增以0.1为最小增量，其中一个配色方案如下：
表1 配色方案
Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-000020
Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-000021
Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-000022
Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-000023
注：k1+k2+k3＝100％可以有无数种组合，按三原色棉条(三种色彩棉条)经耦合牵伸、交变换色、梯度配色、加捻混合，最终可形成很多种配色方案，也可在纱线上形成具有多种色彩分布的段彩纱。
(6)细纱线密度及混纺比随机动态调控方法
细纱线密度动态变化率
Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-000024
又：
ρ1＝ρ2＝ρ3＝ρ0
V01+V02+V03＝V0
则：
Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-000025
由线密度的相对增量和线密度的绝对增量可以看出，纱线线密度的变化，完全取决于V01+ΔV01、V02+ΔV02、V03+ΔV03的变化，则可以有一下7种变化形式，从而可有7种不同形态的纱线：
①一个组份线密度变化、两个组份线密度不变化的变线密度纱线；
Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-000026
或
Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-000027
或
Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-000028
②两个组份线密度变化，一个组份不变化的变线密度纱线；
Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-000029
或
Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-000030
或
Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-000031
③三个组份线密度均变化的变线密度纱线；
Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-000032
④一个组份连续、两个组份不连续的变线密度纱线；
Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-000033
Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-000034
Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-000035
Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-000036
⑤两个组份连续，一个组份不连续的变线密度纱线；
Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-000037
Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-000038
Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-000039
Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-000040
⑥三个组份均连续、但线密度变化的变线密度纱线
Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-000041
⑦细纱动态喂入速度调控方法
由于
ΔV0＝ΔV01+ΔV02+ΔV03
ΔV可能来自ΔV01，也可能来自ΔV02，ΔV03，这可由混纺比来确定。则有：
ΔV01＝K′1(V0+ΔV)-V01
ΔV02＝K′2(V0+ΔV)-V02
ΔV03＝K′3(V0+ΔV)-V03

Claims (11)

  1. 一种三棉条异步输入和三级分梳的转杯纺纺纱方法，其特征在于具体包括：
    1)给棉采用三个回转自由度的组合式给棉罗拉非同步喂入分梳区，分梳采用三级分梳辊；
    2)组合式给棉罗拉1、2、3分别以线速度V01、V02、V03运动；转杯以线速度V4运动，引纱罗拉以线速度V5运动；设三个给棉罗拉牵引的三个棉条的线密度分别为ρ1、ρ2、ρ3，成纱线密度为ρ，则转杯纺成纱牵伸倍数
    Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-100001
    成纱后线密度
    Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-100002
    三个分梳辊的速度依次为：第一分梳辊的转速为1500-3000rpm，第二分梳辊的转速为3000-6000rpm，第三分梳辊的转速为6000-12000rpm。
    3)三个棉条在转杯纺纱线中的混纺比为K1、K2、K3则：
    Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-100003
    Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-100004
    Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-100005
    4)假设引纱速度V5不变，三棉条的喂给罗拉速度V01，V02，V03的变量分别为：V01′＝V01+ΔV01，V02′＝V02+ΔV02，V03′＝V03+ΔV03，则根据公式(2)得出成纱后的动态线密度
    Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-100006
    5)设：ρ1＝ρ2＝ρ3＝ρ0，V01+V02+V03＝V0，则根据公式(3)、(4)、(5)获得基准混纺比
    Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-100007
    Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-100008
    Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-100009
    当V01+V02+V03→V01+ΔV01+V02+ΔV02+V03+ΔV03时混纺比变化为：
    Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-100010
    Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-100011
    Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-100012
    通过控制V01、V02、V03，实现纱线内不同纤维或不同色彩的混纺比或混色比的动态调整纺纱。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于：设：ρ1＝ρ2＝ρ3＝ρ0，V01+V02+V03＝V0，根据公式(2)、(6)得成纱线密度的动态变化率：
    Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-100013
    通过控制三个罗拉的速度变化实现成纱线密度及混纺比随机动态调控。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于：
    Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-100014
    或
    Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-100015
    或
    Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-100016
    变化其中一个罗拉的速度，实现一个组份线密度变化、两个组份线密度不变化的变线密度纱线。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于：
    Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-100017
    或
    Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-100018
    或
    Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-100019
    变化其中两个罗拉的速度，实现两个组份线密度变化，一个组份不变化的变线密度纱线。
  5. 如权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于：
    Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-100020
    变换三个罗拉的速度，实现三个组份线密度均变化的变线密度纱线。
  6. 如权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于：
    Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-100021
    Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-100022
    Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-100023
    Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-100024
    变换三个罗拉的速度与变换一个罗拉的速度交替进行，实现一个组份连续、两个组份不连续的变线密度纱线，其中t、T1、T2、T3、T4为时间。
  7. 如权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于：
    Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-100025
    Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-100026
    Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-100027
    Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-100028
    变换三个罗拉的速度与变换两个罗拉的速度交替进行，实现两个组份连续，一个组份不连续的变线密度纱线，其中t、T1、T2、T3、T4为时间。
  8. 如权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于：
    Figure PCTCN2015000737-appb-100029
    变换三个罗拉的速度，实现三个组份均连续、但线密度变化的变线密度纱线。
  9. 如权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于：细纱动态喂入速度调控方法ΔV0＝ΔV01+ΔV02+ΔV03，速度变化来自ΔV01、ΔV02或ΔV03，由混纺比来确定，则：ΔV01＝K′1(V0+ΔV)-V01、ΔV02＝K′2(V0+ΔV)-V02、ΔV03＝K′3(V0+ΔV)-V03。
  10. 实现上述任一权利要求所述方法的装置，其特征在于：包括纺纱***和电脑控制***，纺纱***包括喂给分梳机构、凝聚加捻机构、卷绕成型机构，其特征在于喂给分梳机构包括三个回转自由度的组合式给棉罗拉、三级分梳辊，所述三个回转自由度的组合式给棉罗拉的三个罗拉速度比可调，所述凝聚加捻机构包括输棉通道、转杯和引纱装置；卷绕成型机构包括引纱卷绕机构，所述的电脑控制***包括PLC可编程控制器、伺服驱动器、 伺服电机，所述的三个回转自由度的组合式给棉罗拉、三级分梳辊由伺服电机驱动。
  11. 如权利要求10所述装置，其特征在于所述的三个回转自由度的组合式给棉罗拉包括轴、轴承、空心轴、第一齿轮、第二齿轮、第三齿轮、垫圈、第一活动罗拉、第二活动罗拉、第三活动罗拉，所述第一齿轮、第二齿轮、第三齿轮、第一活动罗拉、第二活动罗拉、第三活动罗拉围绕同一轴线转动，第一齿轮驱动第一活动罗拉，第二齿轮驱动第二活动罗拉，第三齿轮驱动第三活动罗拉。
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