WO2017020833A1 - 相变抑制传热温差发电器件及其制造方法 - Google Patents

相变抑制传热温差发电器件及其制造方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017020833A1
WO2017020833A1 PCT/CN2016/093059 CN2016093059W WO2017020833A1 WO 2017020833 A1 WO2017020833 A1 WO 2017020833A1 CN 2016093059 W CN2016093059 W CN 2016093059W WO 2017020833 A1 WO2017020833 A1 WO 2017020833A1
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Prior art keywords
phase change
change suppression
type thermoelectric
suppression heat
plate
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PCT/CN2016/093059
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English (en)
French (fr)
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张建中
李居强
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浙江嘉熙光电设备制造有限公司
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Priority to US15/739,993 priority Critical patent/US20180287517A1/en
Publication of WO2017020833A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017020833A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N10/00—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects
    • H10N10/10—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects operating with only the Peltier or Seebeck effects
    • H10N10/17—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects operating with only the Peltier or Seebeck effects characterised by the structure or configuration of the cell or thermocouple forming the device
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N11/00—Generators or motors not provided for elsewhere; Alleged perpetua mobilia obtained by electric or magnetic means
    • H02N11/002—Generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N10/00—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects
    • H10N10/01—Manufacture or treatment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N10/00—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects
    • H10N10/10—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects operating with only the Peltier or Seebeck effects
    • H10N10/13—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects operating with only the Peltier or Seebeck effects characterised by the heat-exchanging means at the junction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of energy, and in particular to a phase change suppression heat transfer temperature difference power generation device and a method of fabricating the same.
  • thermoelectric component 10 and an N-type thermoelectric component 11 are connected by electrodes 14 on the hot face 12 and the cold face 13, respectively, to constitute a conventional thermoelectric unit.
  • the hot side of the thermoelectric unit inputs heat and the other side maintains a constant temperature to establish a temperature difference, due to the Seebeck effect, an electromotive force is generated at both ends of the loop; when the load 15 is connected to the loop, the load is obtained. With electric power, this is the simplest thermoelectric generator.
  • thermoelectric power generation component that can be put into practical use is often composed of several pairs or dozens of pairs, or even more, of thermoelectric cells.
  • a thermoelectric unit (including a P-type thermoelectric component 10 and an N-type thermoelectric component 11) is connected in series on a circuit and in parallel on a hot path.
  • a DBC ceramic plate 16 is integrated on the outer sides of the hot and cold two-sided electrodes 14 to electrically isolate from the outside, and the thermoelectric power generation assembly is connected to the external load through the positive electrode 141 and the negative electrode 142.
  • the electrode mainly serves as an electrical connector of the P-type and N-type thermoelectric components, and also has a heat transfer function, but the entire outer surface of the ceramic component of the thermoelectric component usually has to be installed with a large volume of heat.
  • the exchanger transfers the heat required into the thermoelectric component, dissipating unwanted heat to the environment.
  • a thermoelectric generator is constructed.
  • a typical structure is shown in FIG. 3. The structure includes a heat collector 17, a thermoelectric power generation assembly 18, and a heat sink 19.
  • thermoelectric power generation component and thermoelectric generator can be used for manufacturing a gas or fuel temperature difference generator (system), a radioisotope thermoelectric generator, or can be used for solar thermal power generation, geothermal power generation, industrial waste heat power generation, automobile exhaust gas power generation, and the like. Because it has no rotating parts, it has long working life, no noise, and is an environmentally friendly power source. It has been applied in various sectors of the national economy such as aerospace, industry, national defense, and civil appliances.
  • thermoelectric power generation component since the thermoelectric power generation component is in contact with the hot and cold surface heat exchangers, it is the ceramic piece, and the most commonly used is an alumina ceramic piece having a thickness of 0.6 mm or 1 mm.
  • Ceramic sheet in thermoelectric power generation assembly It acts as an electrical insulation between the heat exchanger made of metal, but at the same time, on the heat transfer path, the thermal resistance on both sides, the thermal resistance between the ceramic sheet and the heat exchanger, the thermal resistance of the ceramic sheet and The thermal resistance of the contact between the ceramic chip and the thermoelectric unit electrode causes a large heat loss. The greater the temperature difference between the hot surface temperature and the cold surface temperature, the greater the thermal resistance and the greater the heat loss.
  • thermoelectric power generation component must be configured with a bulky and heavy heat exchanger.
  • the most common method is to use a ribbed aluminum radiator for cold surfaces, plus forced air cooling. Not only increases the overall weight and volume of the thermoelectric generator, but also reduces the reliability of the whole machine.
  • the invention aims at the disadvantages of the conventional thermoelectric power generation device, and proposes a new structure temperature difference power generation device and a manufacturing method thereof.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a phase change suppression heat transfer temperature difference power generation device and a manufacturing method thereof for solving the prior art heat generation component and hot and cold surface heat exchanger Contact is the ceramic sheet, the thermal resistance between the ceramic sheet and the heat exchanger, the thermal resistance of the ceramic sheet, and the contact thermal resistance between the ceramic sheet and the thermoelectric unit electrode, which causes a large heat loss problem.
  • the present invention provides a phase change suppression heat transfer temperature difference power generation device, wherein the phase change suppression heat transfer temperature difference power generation device includes at least one thermoelectric unit; the thermoelectric unit includes a P Type thermoelectric component, an N-type thermoelectric component, a phase change suppression heat sink and a phase change suppression collector plate;
  • the P-type thermoelectric element, the N-type thermoelectric element, the phase change suppression heat dissipation plate, and the phase change suppression heat collecting plate are arranged in parallel, and the phase change suppression heat collecting plate is located at the P-type temperature difference Between the electrical component and the N-type thermoelectric component, the phase change suppression heat dissipation plate is located on a side of the P-type thermoelectric component or the N-type thermoelectric component away from the phase change suppression heat collecting plate; The P-type thermoelectric element, the N-type thermoelectric element, the phase change suppression heat dissipation plate, and the phase change suppression heat collecting plate are in close contact with each other.
  • the phase change suppression heat dissipation plate and the phase change suppression heat collecting plate each include a metal plate, and the metal plate is formed with a certain shape. a closed pipe filled with a heat transfer medium.
  • the phase change suppression The hot plate and the phase change suppression heat collecting plate respectively comprise two laminated metal plates; wherein one of the metal plates is formed with a closed pipe having a shape, the closed pipe is filled with a heat transfer medium, and the closed pipe is filled with a heat transfer medium.
  • a fluid medium conduit having a shape is formed in a layer of the metal plate, and an opening is formed at both ends of the fluid medium conduit, the opening being adapted to communicate with a source of fluid medium.
  • the shape of the closed pipe is a hexagonal honeycomb shape, a circular honeycomb shape, a quadrilateral honeycomb shape, a plurality of U-shaped and rhombic types connected end to end, A triangle, a torus, or any combination of any of the above figures.
  • the phase change suppression heat dissipation plate and the phase change suppression heat collection plate are made of copper, copper alloy, aluminum, aluminum alloy, titanium, Titanium alloy, stainless steel, or any combination of any one or more.
  • the materials of the P-type thermoelectric component and the N-type thermoelectric component are doped bismuth binary bismuth telluride and a solid solution thereof, ⁇ ternary bismuth telluride and its solid solution, doped lead bismuth telluride and its solid solution, bismuth telluride and its solid solution, single-filled or multi-filled skutterudite thermoelectric material, Half-Heusler thermoelectric material, doping Si-Ge alloy, Zintl phase temperature difference electrical material.
  • phase change suppression heat dissipation plate and the phase change suppression heat collecting plate and the P-type thermoelectric component and the N-type thermoelectric component The shape of the surface of the fitting portion is planar, and the surface of the phase change suppressing heat sink and the other portion of the phase change suppressing heat collecting plate is formed with a hole, a shallow groove, a protrusion, a loose-leaf window or a cover coating to enhance heat transfer.
  • the phase change suppression heat transfer temperature difference power generation device includes a plurality of the thermoelectric units, and the plurality of thermoelectric units are integrated in series as The phase change suppresses the heat transfer temperature difference power generation device.
  • the phase change suppression heat transfer temperature difference power generation device is provided with a DBC ceramic plate on each side; and the phase change suppression heat transfer temperature difference power generation device is The DBC ceramic plate on the side is attached to the surface of the phase change suppression heat dissipation plate in the thermoelectric unit, and the DBC ceramic plate located on the other side of the phase change suppression heat transfer temperature difference power generation device is The phase change suppression heat dissipation plate is connected to the P-type thermoelectric element or the N-type thermoelectric element in the thermoelectric unit.
  • the P-type thermoelectric element, the N-type thermoelectric element, the phase change suppression heat dissipation plate, and the phase change suppression heat collecting plate are fixedly connected by soldering, brazing, crimping, friction welding or pressure welding.
  • the ceramic plate can also be replaced with a sheet of other material that is electrically insulating, insulating, and compatible with the operating temperature range of the thermoelectric power device of the present invention.
  • the invention also provides a method for manufacturing a phase change suppression heat transfer temperature difference power generation device, the manufacturing method comprising:
  • the P-type thermoelectric element, the N-type thermoelectric element, the phase change suppression heat sink, the phase change suppression heat collecting plate, and the DBC ceramic plate are arranged in parallel, and the phase change suppresses heat collection
  • the plate is located between the P-type thermoelectric component and the N-type thermoelectric component, and the phase change suppression heat dissipation plate is located at the P-type thermoelectric component and the N-type thermoelectric component away from the phase change suppression set
  • the DBC ceramic plate is located outside the phase change suppression heat dissipation plate of the outermost layer; and the P-type thermoelectric element, the N-type thermoelectric element, and the phase change are suppressed from dissipating heat
  • the plate, the phase change suppression heat collecting plate and the DBC ceramic plate are fixedly connected.
  • thermoelectric element and the N-type thermoelectric element are:
  • thermoelectric bar Forming the material of the P-type thermoelectric component and the material of the N-type thermoelectric component to produce a thermoelectric bar according to a conventional region smelting growth process
  • thermoelectric bar into a thermoelectric component using an inner circular slicer, an outer slicer or a wire cutter
  • a Sn layer is electroplated or electrolessly plated on the buffer layer.
  • thermoelectric element and the N-type thermoelectric element are:
  • thermoelectric element Cutting the bulk material into a thermoelectric element using an inner circular slicer, an outer slicer or a wire cutter;
  • a Sn layer is electroplated or electrolessly plated on the buffer layer.
  • the method for manufacturing a phase change suppression heat transfer thermoelectric power generation device of the present invention further includes suppressing heat dissipation from the phase change.
  • the plate and the phase change suppression heat collecting plate are subjected to a metallization process.
  • the P-type thermoelectric element is described by soldering, brazing, crimping, friction welding or pressure welding,
  • the N-type thermoelectric element, the phase change suppression heat dissipation plate, the phase change suppression heat collecting plate, and the DBC ceramic plate are fixedly connected.
  • phase change suppression heat transfer temperature difference power generation device of the present invention As described above, the phase change suppression heat transfer temperature difference power generation device of the present invention and the method of manufacturing the same have the following advantageous effects:
  • the phase change suppression heat transfer temperature difference power generation device of the present invention comprises a phase change suppression heat collecting plate and a phase change suppression heat dissipation plate to isolate a P-type thermoelectric component and an N-type thermoelectric component to form a pair of thermoelectric differences. monomer. A plurality of thermoelectric cells are combined in series to form a thermoelectric device, and no electrical isolation is required in the middle; the integrated phase change suppression heat transfer plate serves as an electrode of the thermoelectric unit, and also serves as a heat collecting plate and a heat dissipating plate;
  • the variable suppression heat transfer temperature difference power generation device reduces the thermal resistance of the ceramic sheet and the contact thermal resistance with the electrode interface on the heat path, and is favorable for establishing a temperature difference.
  • the phase change suppression heat transfer plate is both an electrode and a heat surface and a cold surface heat exchanger.
  • the interface thermal resistance is small, which greatly improves the thermo-electric conversion efficiency of the thermoelectric power generation device; when a plurality of monomers are combined, a larger output voltage and output electric power can be obtained;
  • the phase difference suppression heat transfer temperature difference electric power generation device of the present invention is a bar material (or a bulk material manufactured by hot pressing or other powder metallurgy process) which is grown by region melting, and then cut into a sheet, and then After the appropriate surface treatment process, it is directly used as a thermoelectric component, and is different from the conventional thermoelectric component manufacturing process, that is, the sheet is further processed by a cutting process to produce a relatively small rectangular cross-section thermoelectric component, thereby simplifying the thermoelectric component.
  • the manufacturing process improves material utilization and greatly reduces raw material consumption and cost.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural view of a thermoelectric power generation unit in the prior art.
  • thermoelectric power generation assembly is a schematic view showing the structure of a thermoelectric power generation assembly in the prior art.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic structural view of a thermoelectric generator in the prior art.
  • Fig. 4 is a view showing the structure of a phase change suppression heat transfer temperature difference power generation device of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a flow chart showing a method of manufacturing the phase change suppression heat transfer thermoelectric power generation device of the present invention.
  • thermoelectric component 221 P type thermoelectric component
  • thermoelectric component 222 N type thermoelectric component
  • the present invention provides a phase change suppression heat transfer temperature difference power generation device, wherein the phase change suppression heat transfer temperature difference power generation device includes at least one thermoelectric unit 22; and the thermoelectric unit 22 includes a P type temperature difference. Electrical component 221, an N-type thermoelectric component 222, a phase change suppression heat sink 223 and a phase change suppression collector plate 224;
  • the P-type thermoelectric element 221, the N-type thermoelectric element 222, the phase change suppression heat dissipation plate 223, and the phase change suppression heat collecting plate 224 are arranged in parallel, and the phase change suppression heat collecting plate 224 is located Between the P-type thermoelectric component 221 and the N-type thermoelectric component 222, the phase change suppression heat dissipation plate 223 is located at the P-type thermoelectric component 221 or the N-type thermoelectric component 222 away from the phase.
  • One side of the suppression heat collecting plate 224; the P-type thermoelectric element 221, the N-type thermoelectric element 222, the phase change suppression heat dissipation plate 223, and the phase change suppression heat collecting plate 224 are in close contact with each other.
  • the materials of the P-type thermoelectric component 221 and the N-type thermoelectric component 222 may be doped bismuth binary germanium Bi 2 Te 3 and a solid solution thereof, and a ternary bismuth telluride and Solid solution, doped lead telluride PbTe and its solid solution (such as PbTe-SnTe, PbTe-SnTe-MnTe), bismuth telluride GeTe and its solid solution (such as GeTe-PbTe, GeTe-AgSbTe 2 ) single-filled or multi-filled CoSb 3 square cobalt ore thermoelectric materials, Half-Heusler thermoelectric materials, doped Si-Ge alloys, Zintl phase temperature difference materials and other thermoelectric materials.
  • doped lead telluride PbTe and its solid solution such as PbTe-SnTe, PbTe-SnTe-MnTe
  • bismuth telluride GeTe and its solid solution such as GeTe-
  • the P-type thermoelectric component 221 and the N-type thermoelectric component 222 may be a bar grown by region melting, or a block manufactured by hot pressing, SPS process, mechanical alloying method or other powder metallurgy process.
  • the material is cut into a sheet and then directly treated as a thermoelectric component after a suitable surface treatment process, without having to be relatively small by the cutting process of the sheet as in the conventional thermoelectric assembly process.
  • the rectangular cross section of the thermoelectric component simplifies the manufacturing process of the thermoelectric component, improves the material utilization rate, and greatly reduces the raw material consumption and cost. A combination of several cells in series or in parallel results in a larger output electrical power.
  • the thermoelectric power generation device manufactured in this embodiment is advantageous for designing a thermoelectric generator having a large output current.
  • the phase change suppression heat dissipation plate 223 includes a metal plate in which a closed pipe having a shape is formed by an inflation process, and the closed pipe is filled with a heat transfer medium.
  • the heat transfer medium is a fluid.
  • the heat transfer medium may be a gas or a liquid or a mixture of a liquid and a gas. More preferably, in the embodiment, the heat transfer medium is a mixture of liquid and gas.
  • the shape of the closed duct may be a hexagonal honeycomb shape, a circular honeycomb shape, a quadrangular honeycomb shape, a plurality of U-shaped, rhombic, triangular, circular, or end-to-end series, or any one or more of the figures. random combination.
  • the material of the phase change suppression heat dissipation plate 223 may be copper, copper alloy, aluminum, aluminum alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, stainless steel, or any combination of any one or more.
  • the thickness of the phase change suppression heat dissipation plate 223 and the inner diameter of the closed pipe may be set according to actual conditions.
  • the thickness of the phase change suppression heat dissipation plate 223 is 0.2 mm to 3 mm.
  • the closed pipe has an inner diameter of 0.1 mm to 1 mm.
  • the surface of the phase change suppression heat dissipation plate 223 and the surface of the P-type thermoelectric element 221 and the N-type thermoelectric element 222 are planar, and the phase change suppresses other portions of the heat dissipation plate 223.
  • the surface is formed with a structure for enhancing heat transfer such as a hole, a shallow groove, a protrusion or a loose-leaf window, or an enhanced heat transfer coating to enhance the heat transfer capability of the phase change suppression heat dissipation plate 223.
  • the other portion of the phase change suppression heat dissipation plate 223 refers to a portion where the phase change suppression heat dissipation plate 223 exposes the P-type thermoelectric element 221 and the N-type thermoelectric element 222.
  • the phase change suppression heat dissipation plate 223 may include two laminated metal plates; one of the metal plates is formed with a closed pipe having a shape, and the closed pipe is filled with a heat transfer medium, and A fluid medium conduit having a shape is formed in a layer of the metal plate, and an opening is formed at both ends of the fluid medium conduit, the opening being adapted to communicate with a source of fluid medium.
  • the phase change suppression heat dissipation plate 223 is designed to include a two-layer structure suitable as a metal layer of a phase change suppression pipe and a metal layer including a fluid medium pipe, and the phase change suppression heat dissipation plate 223 can be performed using a suitable flow medium. Part of the heat transferred is quickly released.
  • the phase change suppression heat dissipation plate 223 has an extremely high effective thermal conductivity, and can quickly transfer heat of high heat flow density from the heat source to the heat sink.
  • the phase change suppression heat dissipation plate 223 can adjust the temperature difference electrical component. The emanating heat is quickly and evenly diverged from the heat sink to the space or to the flowing medium.
  • the phase change suppression heat collecting plate 224 includes a metal plate in which a closed pipe having a shape is formed by an inflation process, and the closed pipe is filled with a heat transfer medium.
  • the heat transfer medium is a fluid.
  • the heat transfer medium may be a gas or a liquid or a mixture of a liquid and a gas. More preferably, in the embodiment, the heat transfer medium is a mixture of liquid and gas.
  • the shape of the closed duct may be a hexagonal honeycomb shape, a circular honeycomb shape, a quadrangular honeycomb shape, a plurality of U-shaped, rhombic, triangular, circular, or end-to-end series, or any one or more of the figures. random combination.
  • the material of the phase change suppression heat collecting plate 224 may be copper, copper alloy, aluminum, aluminum alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, stainless steel, or any combination of any one or more.
  • the thickness of the phase change suppression heat collecting plate 224 and the inner diameter of the closed pipe may be set according to actual conditions.
  • the phase change suppression heat collecting plate 224 has a thickness of 0.2 mm. ⁇ 3 mm, the inner diameter of the closed pipe is 0.1 mm to 1 mm.
  • the surface of the phase change suppression heat collecting plate 224 and the surface of the P-type thermoelectric element 221 and the N-type thermoelectric element 222 are planar, and the phase change suppresses the heat collecting plate 224.
  • the surface of the other portion is formed with a structure for enhancing heat transfer such as a hole, a shallow groove, a protrusion or a loose-leaf window, or an enhanced heat transfer coating to enhance the heat transfer capability of the phase change suppression heat collecting plate 224.
  • the other portion of the phase change suppression heat collecting plate 224 refers to a portion where the phase change suppression heat collecting plate 224 exposes the P-type thermoelectric element 221 and the N-type thermoelectric element 222.
  • the phase change suppression heat collecting plate 224 has an extremely high effective thermal conductivity and can heat the high heat flux density quickly. The speed is transmitted from the heat source to the heat sink; in the embodiment, the phase change suppression heat collecting plate 224 can transfer the heat generated by the heat source to the thermoelectric component quickly and uniformly.
  • the phase change suppression heat transfer thermoelectric power generation device includes a plurality of the thermoelectric cells 22, and the plurality of thermoelectric cells 22 are integrated in series to form the phase change suppression heat transfer thermoelectric power generation device;
  • the example includes only five pairs of the thermoelectric cells 22, which are not limited thereto.
  • the phase change suppresses the thermoelectric unit included in the heat transfer thermoelectric power generation device.
  • the number of 22 can be set according to actual needs. By combining a plurality of the thermoelectric cells 22, a large output voltage and output electric power can be obtained.
  • the DBC ceramic plate 21 is disposed on each side of the phase change suppression heat transfer thermoelectric power generation device; the DBC ceramic plate 21 on the side of the phase change suppression heat transfer temperature difference power generation device is attached to the temperature difference.
  • the phase change suppression heat dissipation plate 223 in the electric cell 22, the DBC ceramic plate 21 located on the other side of the phase change suppression heat transfer temperature difference power generation device via a phase change suppression heat dissipation plate 223 The P-type thermoelectric element 221 or the N-type thermoelectric element 222 in the thermoelectric unit 22 is connected.
  • the DBC ceramic plate 21 located on both sides of the phase change suppression heat transfer temperature difference power generation device serves only as an electrically insulating material isolated from the outside; the phase change suppression heat dissipation plate 223 attached to the two DBC ceramic plates 21 They are used as the positive electrode 23 and the negative electrode 24, respectively.
  • the P-type thermoelectric element 221, the N-type thermoelectric element 222, the phase change suppression heat dissipation plate 223, the phase change suppression heat collecting plate 224, and the DBC ceramic plate 21 are soldered. Fixed connection by brazing, crimping, friction welding or pressure welding. Integration of the thermoelectric power generation device formed by the P-type thermoelectric element 221, the N-type thermoelectric element 222, the phase change suppression heat dissipation plate 223, the phase change suppression heat collecting plate 224, and the DBC ceramic plate 21 The process can be carried out in the atmosphere, in a vacuum environment, or in an environment with inert gas protection and temperature control. It should be noted that the integration process of the thermoelectric power generation device should take into consideration compatibility with the phase change suppression heat dissipation plate 223 and the phase change suppression heat collecting plate 224 and its working fluid filling process.
  • the phase change suppression heat transfer temperature difference power generation device of the invention separates a P-type thermoelectric component and an N-type thermoelectric component from a phase change suppression heat collecting plate and a phase change suppression heat dissipation plate to form a pair of thermoelectric units. .
  • thermoelectric devices are combined in series to form a thermoelectric device, and no electrical isolation is required in the middle;
  • the integrated phase change suppression heat transfer plate serves as an electrode of the thermoelectric unit, and also serves as a heat collecting plate and a heat dissipating plate;
  • the variable suppression heat transfer temperature difference power generation device removes the contact thermal resistance between the cold and hot ceramic sheets and the heat exchanger, the thermal resistance of the ceramic sheets, and the contact thermal resistance between the ceramic sheets and the electrodes on the heat path, thereby facilitating the establishment of the temperature difference. , The heat utilization rate is greatly improved, and the thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the thermoelectric power generation device is finally increased.
  • the present invention also provides a method for manufacturing a phase change suppression heat transfer temperature difference power generation device, the manufacturing method comprising:
  • phase change suppression a heat collecting plate is located between the P-type thermoelectric component and the N-type thermoelectric component
  • the phase change suppressing heat dissipating plate is located at the P-type thermoelectric component and the N-type thermoelectric component away from the phase change Suppressing one side of the heat collecting plate
  • the DBC ceramic plate is located outside the phase change suppression heat dissipation plate of the outermost layer; and the P-type thermoelectric element, the N-type thermoelectric element, and the phase change The heat dissipation plate, the phase change suppression heat collecting plate, and the DBC ceramic plate are fixedly connected.
  • step S1 refer to step S1 in Figure 5 to manufacture P-type thermoelectric elements and N-type thermoelectric elements.
  • thermoelectric element As an example, a specific method of manufacturing the P-type thermoelectric element and the N-type thermoelectric element is:
  • S11 preparing a material of the P-type thermoelectric component and a material of the N-type thermoelectric component according to a certain composition and a ratio; respectively, and preparing the P-type thermoelectricity by using the ⁇ - ⁇ thermoelectric power generation device as an example
  • the material of the component is a bismuth binary thermoelectric material with a composition of (70% to 80%) Sb 2 Te 3 -(20% to 30%) Bi 2 Te 3 plus an excess of Te of 1% to 5% by weight of the total weight.
  • the material of the N-type thermoelectric component is prepared by doping SbI 3 or TeI 4 to less than 1% by weight (85%-98%) of Bi 2 Te 3 -(2%-15%)Bi 2 Se 3 ⁇ binary thermoelectric material; the percentage thereof is the weight percentage of each part in the component;
  • thermoelectric bar having a certain diameter (for example, a diameter of 30 mm) according to a conventional region smelting growth process;
  • thermoelectric bar into a thermoelectric component having a certain thickness (for example, 1.6 mm) using an inner circular slicer, an outer slicer or a wire cutter;
  • S15 plating or electroless plating of a Sn layer having a thickness of 1 ⁇ m to 3 ⁇ m on the Ni layer.
  • thermoelectric element As an example, a specific method of manufacturing the P-type thermoelectric element and the N-type thermoelectric element is:
  • S11 preparing a material of the P-type thermoelectric component and a material of the N-type thermoelectric component according to a certain composition and a ratio; respectively, and preparing the P-type thermoelectricity by using the ⁇ - ⁇ thermoelectric power generation device as an example
  • the material of the component is a bismuth binary thermoelectric material with a composition of (70% to 80%) Sb 2 Te 3 -(20% to 30%) Bi 2 Te 3 plus an excess of Te of 1% to 5% by weight of the total weight.
  • the material of the N-type thermoelectric component is prepared by doping SbI 3 or TeI 4 to less than 1% by weight (85%-98%) of Bi 2 Te 3 -(2%-15%)Bi 2 Se 3 ⁇ binary thermoelectric material; the percentage thereof is the weight percentage of each part in the component;
  • thermoelectric component having a certain thickness (for example, 1.6 mm) using an inner circular slicer, an outer slicer, or a wire cutter;
  • S15 plating or electroless plating of a Sn layer having a thickness of 1 ⁇ m to 3 ⁇ m on the Ni layer.
  • step S2 refer to step S2 in Figure 5 to fabricate a phase change suppression heat sink.
  • phase change suppression heat dissipation plate As an example, after the phase change suppression heat dissipation plate is manufactured, a step of metallizing the phase change suppression heat dissipation plate is further included.
  • step S3 refer to step S3 in Figure 5 to fabricate a phase change suppression collector plate.
  • phase change suppression heat collecting plate After the phase change suppression heat collecting plate is manufactured, a step of metallizing the phase change suppression heat collecting plate is further included.
  • step S4 refer to step S4 in Figure 5 to prepare the DBC (Direct Bond Copper) ceramic board.
  • the step of manufacturing the P-type thermoelectric element and the N-type thermoelectric element S1, the step S2 of manufacturing the phase change suppression heat sink, and the step S3 of preparing the phase change suppression heat collecting plate and preparing the same The sequence of the S4 steps of the DBC ceramic board can be reversed according to actual needs. The sequence is only used as an example, and the embodiment is not limited thereto.
  • a step of cleaning the DBC ceramic plate is also included.
  • Step S5 is performed, referring to step S5 in FIG. 5, the P-type thermoelectric component, the N-type thermoelectric component, the phase change suppression heat dissipation plate, the phase change suppression heat collecting plate, and the DBC
  • the ceramic plates are arranged in parallel, and the phase change suppression heat collecting plate is located at the P-type thermoelectric component and the N-type thermoelectric difference element
  • the phase change suppression heat dissipation plate is located on a side of the P-type thermoelectric component and the N-type thermoelectric component away from the phase change suppression heat collecting plate, and the DBC ceramic plate is located at the outermost layer.
  • the phase change suppresses an outer side of the heat dissipation plate; and the P-type thermoelectric element, the N-type thermoelectric element, the phase change suppression heat dissipation plate, the phase change suppression heat collecting plate, and the DBC ceramic plate Fixed connection.
  • the P-type thermoelectric element, the N-type thermoelectric element, the phase change suppression heat sink, and the phase change are performed by soldering, brazing, crimping, friction welding, or pressure welding processes.
  • the heat collecting plate and the DBC ceramic plate are fixedly connected.
  • thermoelectric power generation device formed by the P-type thermoelectric element, the N-type thermoelectric element, the phase change suppression heat dissipation plate, the phase change suppression heat collecting plate, and the DBC ceramic plate
  • the implementation can be carried out in the atmosphere, in a vacuum environment, or in an environment with inert gas protection and temperature control. It should be noted that the integration process of the thermoelectric power generation device should take into consideration compatibility with the phase change suppression heat dissipation plate and the phase change suppression heat collecting plate and the working fluid filling process thereof.
  • a thickness may be applied to both sides of the P-type thermoelectric element, the N-type thermoelectric element, the phase change suppression heat sink, the phase change suppression heat collecting plate, and the DBC ceramic plate.
  • a 95% Pb to 5% Sn solder paste wherein the P-type thermoelectric element, the N-type thermoelectric element, the phase change suppression heat dissipation plate, the phase change suppression heat collecting plate, and the DBC ceramic plate are pressed After a certain order, they are fixed by welding jigs and welded into a welding furnace protected by a nitrogen atmosphere to form a whole thermoelectric power generation device.
  • the present embodiment is not limited thereto, and the P-type thermoelectric component, the N-type thermoelectric component, the phase change suppression heat dissipation plate, the phase change suppression heat collecting plate, and the DBC ceramic plate are not limited thereto. The number and order of them can be adjusted according to actual needs. It should be noted that, regardless of the arrangement order of the P-type thermoelectric element, the N-type thermoelectric element, the phase change suppression heat dissipation plate, the phase change suppression heat collecting plate, and the DBC ceramic plate, It is necessary to ensure that the P-type thermoelectric element and the N-type thermoelectric element are separated by the phase change suppression heat dissipation plate and the phase change suppression heat collecting plate, and the DBC ceramic plate is located at the outermost sides of the entire structure. .
  • phase change suppression heat transfer temperature difference power generation device shown in FIG. 4 as an example, if the area of the phase change suppression heat dissipation plate and the phase change suppression heat collecting plate is not counted, the phase change suppression heat transfer temperature difference power generation device Size is: cut The surface area is 40mm*40mm and the thickness is less than 15mm. When the temperature difference between the cold surface and the hot surface is 200°C, the maximum output electric power can reach 85W.
  • thermoelectric power generation component which is a commercial ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ thermoelectric power generation component, its external dimensions are: area 40mm * 40mm, height 3.2mm; temperature difference components are : The cross-sectional area is 1.4mm*1.4mm, the height is 1.6mm; the electrode area is 1.6mm*2.4mm; the pair of thermoelectric components is 127 pairs.
  • the thermoelectric power generation device composed of the five pairs of thermoelectric power generation units shown in FIG. 4 has the maximum output electric power of 14.6 times that of the TEG1-127-1.4-1.6 thermoelectric power generation component under the same temperature difference condition.
  • the temperature difference electric component in the phase change suppression heat transfer thermoelectric power generation device of the present invention is a bar material which is grown by region melting or a bulk material manufactured by hot pressing or other powder metallurgy process, and is cut into a sheet material and then appropriately
  • the surface treatment process is directly used as a thermoelectric component, and is different from the conventional thermoelectric component manufacturing process, that is, the sheet is further processed by a cutting process to produce a thermoelectric component having a relatively small rectangular cross section, thereby simplifying the manufacturing process of the thermoelectric component. Improve material utilization and greatly reduce raw material consumption and cost.
  • the present invention provides a phase change suppression heat transfer temperature difference power generation device and a method of fabricating the same, and the phase change suppression heat transfer temperature difference power generation device of the present invention comprises a phase change suppression heat collecting plate and a phase change suppression heat dissipation plate.
  • a P-type thermoelectric component is separated from a piece of N-type thermoelectric component to form a pair of thermoelectric cells.
  • thermoelectric device A plurality of thermoelectric cells are combined in series to form a thermoelectric device, and no electrical isolation is required in the middle;
  • the integrated phase change suppression heat transfer plate serves as an electrode of the thermoelectric unit, and also serves as a heat collecting plate and a heat dissipating plate;
  • the variable suppression heat transfer temperature difference power generation device reduces the thermal resistance of the ceramic sheet and the contact thermal resistance with the electrode interface on the heat path, and is favorable for establishing a temperature difference.
  • the phase change suppression heat transfer plate is both an electrode and a heat surface and a cold surface heat exchanger.
  • thermoelectric component in the device is a bar material grown by region melting, or a bulk material manufactured by hot pressing or other powder metallurgy process. After being cut into sheets, it is directly treated as a thermoelectric difference after appropriate surface treatment.
  • the component is different from the traditional thermoelectric component manufacturing process, that is, the sheet is further processed by a cutting process to produce a thermoelectric component having a relatively small rectangular cross section, thereby simplifying the manufacture of the thermoelectric component.
  • the manufacturing process improves the material utilization rate and greatly reduces the raw material consumption and cost.

Abstract

一种相变抑制传热温差发电器件及其制造方法，相变抑制传热温差发电器件包括至少一个温差电单体（22）；所述温差电单体（22）包括一P型温差电元件（221）、一N型温差电元件（222）、一相变抑制散热板（223）及一相变抑制集热板（224）；所述P型温差电元件（221）、所述N型温差电元件（222）、所述相变抑制散热板（223）及所述相变抑制集热板（224）平行排布，所述相变抑制集热板（224）位于所述P型温差电元件（221）及所述N型温差电元件（222）之间，所述相变抑制散热板（223）位于所述P型温差电元件（221）或所述N型温差电元件（222）远离所述相变抑制集热板（224）的一侧；所述P型温差电元件（221）、所述N型温差电元件（222）、所述相变抑制散热板（223）及所述相变抑制集热板（224）紧密贴合。提高了温差发电器的热-电转换效率。

Description

相变抑制传热温差发电器件及其制造方法 技术领域
本发明涉及能源领域，特别是涉及一种相变抑制传热温差发电器件及其制造方法。
背景技术
塞贝克效应是德国科学家塞贝克(T.J.Seebeck)于1821年发现的。如图1，一个P型温差电元件10和一个N型温差电元件11在热面12和冷面13分别用电极14连接起来，就构成了一个传统的温差电单体。当这个温差电单体的热面输入热量、另一面保持不变的温度而建立温差时，由于塞贝克效应，回路两端就会产生电动势；在回路里接上负载15，该负载上就获得了电功率，这就是一个最简单的温差发电器。
能够实用化的温差发电组件，往往由几对或几十对，甚至更多对温差电单体构成。传统的温差发电组件，其中的温差电单体(包括P型温差电元件10及N型温差电元件11)，在电路上是串联的，而在热路上是并联的。作为一个完整的温差发电组件，其热、冷两面电极14的外侧各集成了一片DBC陶瓷板16，与外界实行电隔离，所述温差发电组件通过正电极141及负电极142与外界负载相连接，见图2.
以上所述传统温差发电组件中，电极主要充当P型和N型温差电元件的电连接器，也具有热量传递的作用，但是整个温差电组件陶瓷片两个外侧通常必须安装体积很大的热交换器，将需要的热量传递进温差电组件，将不需要的热量发散到环境中去。这样构成一个温差发电器，典型的结构见图3，所述结构包括集热器17、温差发电组件18及散热器19。
以上所述传统温差发电组件和温差发电器，可用于制造燃气或燃油温差发电器(***)、放射性同位素温差发电器，或可用于太阳热发电、地热发电、工业余热发电、汽车尾气发电等。由于它没有转动部件，因此工作寿命长、无噪音，而且是一种环境友好电源，已经在航天、工业、国防、民用电器等国民经济各部门获得应用。
传统结构温差发电器，由于温差发电组件与热、冷面热交换器接触的是陶瓷片，最常用的是厚度为0.6mm或1mm的氧化铝陶瓷片。陶瓷片在温差发电组件 与金属制成的热交换器之间起着电绝缘的作用，但同时，在传热通路上，热、冷两面，陶瓷片与热交换器之间的界面热阻、陶瓷片的热阻和陶瓷片与温差电单体电极之间的接触热阻，会造成很大的热损失。热面温度和冷面温度之间的温差愈大，热阻越大，热损失也就越大。
另一个问题是，传统结构温差发电器中，温差发电组件必须配置体积和重量庞大的热交换器。最常用的方法，冷面用肋状铝质散热器，外加强迫风冷。不仅增加了温差发电器整体的重量和体积，也降低了整机的可靠性。
本发明针对传统温差发电器件的缺点，提出一种新结构温差发电器件及其制造方法。
发明内容
鉴于以上所述现有技术的缺点，本发明的目的在于提供一种相变抑制传热温差发电器件及其制造方法，用于解决现有技术中由于温差发电组件与热、冷面热交换器接触的是陶瓷片，陶瓷片与热交换器之间的界面热阻、陶瓷片的热阻和陶瓷片与温差电单体电极之间的接触热阻，会造成很大的热损失的问题。热面温度和冷面温度之间的热流密度越大，热阻造成的温差损失越大，热损失也就越大，从而降低了温差发电器件的热-电转换效率。
为实现上述目的及其他相关目的，本发明提供一种相变抑制传热温差发电器件，所述相变抑制传热温差发电器件包括至少一个温差电单体；所述温差电单体包括一P型温差电元件、一N型温差电元件、一相变抑制散热板及一相变抑制集热板；
所述P型温差电元件、所述N型温差电元件、所述相变抑制散热板及所述相变抑制集热板平行排布，所述相变抑制集热板位于所述P型温差电元件及所述N型温差电元件之间，所述相变抑制散热板位于所述P型温差电元件或所述N型温差电元件远离所述相变抑制集热板的一侧；所述P型温差电元件、所述N型温差电元件、所述相变抑制散热板及所述相变抑制集热板紧密贴合。
作为本发明的相变抑制传热温差发电器件的一种优选方案，所述相变抑制散热板及所述相变抑制集热板均包括一金属板，所述金属板内形成有具有一定形状的封闭管道，所述封闭管道内填充有传热工质。
作为本发明的相变抑制传热温差发电器件的一种优选方案，所述相变抑制散 热板及所述相变抑制集热板均包括两块层叠的金属板；其中一层所述金属板内形成有具有一定形状的封闭管道，所述封闭管道内填充有传热工质，另一层所述金属板内形成有具有一定形状的流体介质管道，所述流体介质管道两端形成有开口，所述开口适于与流体介质源相连通。
作为本发明的相变抑制传热温差发电器件的一种优选方案，所述封闭管道的形状为六边形蜂窝状、圆形蜂窝状、四边形蜂窝状、首尾串联的多个U形、菱形、三角形、圆环形，或其中任一种以上图形的任意组合。
作为本发明的相变抑制传热温差发电器件的一种优选方案，所述相变抑制散热板及所述相变抑制集热板的材料均为铜、铜合金、铝、铝合金、钛、钛合金、不锈钢，或其中任一种以上的任意组合。
作为本发明的相变抑制传热温差发电器件的一种优选方案，所述P型温差电元件及所述N型温差电元件的材料均为掺杂的赝二元碲化铋及其固溶体、赝三元碲化铋及其固溶体、掺杂的碲化铅及其固溶体、碲化锗及其固溶体、单填或多填的方钴矿类温差电材料、Half-Heusler温差电材料、掺杂的Si-Ge合金、Zintl相温差电材料。
作为本发明的相变抑制传热温差发电器件的一种优选方案，所述相变抑制散热板及所述相变抑制集热板与所述P型温差电元件及所述N型温差电元件贴合部分表面的形状为平面状，所述相变抑制散热板及所述相变抑制集热板其他部分的表面形成有孔洞、浅槽、突起、活页窗或覆盖涂层以强化传热。
作为本发明的相变抑制传热温差发电器件的一种优选方案，所述相变抑制传热温差发电器件包括多个所述温差电单体，所述多个温差电单体串联组合集成为所述相变抑制传热温差发电器件。
作为本发明的相变抑制传热温差发电器件的一种优选方案，所述相变抑制传热温差发电器件的两侧各设有一DBC陶瓷板；位于所述相变抑制传热温差发电器件一侧的所述DBC陶瓷板贴合于所述温差电单体中的所述相变抑制散热板的表面，位于所述相变抑制传热温差发电器件另一侧的所述DBC陶瓷板经由一所述相变抑制散热板与所述温差电单体中的所述P型温差电元件或所述N型温差电元件相连接。
作为本发明的相变抑制传热温差发电器件的一种优选方案，所述P型温差电元件、所述N型温差电元件、所述相变抑制散热板、所述相变抑制集热板及所 述DBC陶瓷板通过软钎焊、硬钎焊、压接、摩擦焊或压焊工艺固定连接。该陶瓷板也可用有电绝缘、隔热功能，并与本发明所述的温差发电器件工作温度范围相容的其他材料的板材替换。
本发明还提供一种相变抑制传热温差发电器件的制造方法，所述制造方法包括：
制造P型温差电元件及N型温差电元件；
制造相变抑制散热板；
制造相变抑制集热板；
准备DBC陶瓷板；
将所述P型温差电元件、所述N型温差电元件、所述相变抑制散热板、所述相变抑制集热板及所述DBC陶瓷板平行排布，所述相变抑制集热板位于所述P型温差电元件及所述N型温差电元件之间，所述相变抑制散热板位于所述P型温差电元件及所述N型温差电元件远离所述相变抑制集热板的一侧，所述DBC陶瓷板位于最外层的所述相变抑制散热板的外侧；并将所述P型温差电元件、所述N型温差电元件、所述相变抑制散热板、所述相变抑制集热板及所述DBC陶瓷板固定连接。
作为本发明的相变抑制传热温差发电器件的制造方法的一种优选方案，制造所述P型温差电元件及所述N型温差电元件的具体方法为：
分别按一定组分及配比配制所述P型温差电元件的材料及所述N型温差电元件的材料；
将配制好的所述P型温差电元件的材料及所述N型温差电元件的材料分别按常规区域熔炼生长工艺制造温差电棒材；
使用内圆切片机、外圆切片机或线切割机将所述温差电棒材切割成温差电元件；
在所述温差电元件上电镀或喷涂Ni层、Ni合金、Mo层、Mo合金、Ti层、Ti合金作为缓冲层；
在所述缓冲层上电镀或化学镀Sn层。
作为本发明的相变抑制传热温差发电器件的制造方法的一种优选方案，制造所述P型温差电元件及所述N型温差电元件的具体方法为：
分别按一定组分及配比配制所述P型温差电元件的材料及所述N型温差电 元件的材料；
将配制好的所述P型温差电元件的材料及所述N型温差电元件的材料分别通过热压、SPS工艺、机械合金法或其他粉末冶金工艺制造成块体材料；
使用内圆切片机、外圆切片机或线切割机将所述块体材料材切割成温差电元件；
在所述温差电元件上电镀或喷涂Ni层、Ni合金、Mo层、Mo合金、Ti层、Ti的金作为缓冲层；
在所述缓冲层上电镀或化学镀Sn层。
作为本发明的相变抑制传热温差发电器件的制造方法的一种优选方案，制造所述相变抑制散热板及制造所述相变抑制集热板之后，还包括对所述相变抑制散热板及所述相变抑制集热板进行金属化处理的步骤。
作为本发明的相变抑制传热温差发电器件的制造方法的一种优选方案，通过软钎焊、硬钎焊、压接、摩擦焊或压焊工艺将所述P型温差电元件、所述N型温差电元件、所述相变抑制散热板、所述相变抑制集热板及所述DBC陶瓷板固定连接。
如上所述，本发明的相变抑制传热温差发电器件及其制造方法，具有以下有益效果：
1.本发明的相变抑制传热温差发电器件由一片相变抑制集热板和一片相变抑制散热板将一片P型温差电元件和一片N型温差电元件隔离开，构成一对温差电单体。若干个温差电单体串联组合集成为温差电器件，中间无需电隔离；一体化相变抑制传热板既作为温差电单体的电极，同时又作为集热板和散热板；本发明的相变抑制传热温差发电器件在热路上减少了陶瓷片热阻及其与电极界面的接触热阻，有利于建立温差，相变抑制传热板既是电极又是热面和冷面的热交换器，界面热阻较小，大大提高了温差发电器件的热-电转换效率；将若干单体组合起来，可获得较大的输出电压和输出电功率；
2.本发明的相变抑制传热温差发电器件中的温差电元件，是经区域熔炼生长的棒材(或者是热压或其他粉末冶金工艺制造的块体材料)切成片材后，再经适当的表面处理工艺后直接当作温差电元件，而不同于传统温差电组件制作工艺，即由片材再经切割工艺制造成相对小矩形截面的温差电元件，因此简化了温差电组件的制造工艺，提高了材料利用率，大大降低了原材料消耗和成本。
附图说明
图1显示为现有技术中的温差发电单元的结构示意图。
图2显示为现有技术中的温差发电组件的结构示意图。
图3显示为现有技术中的温差发电器的结构示意图。
图4显示本发明的相变抑制传热温差发电器件的结构示意图。
图5显示为本发明的相变抑制传热温差发电器件的制造方法的流程图。
元件标号说明
10   P型温差电元件
11   N型温差电元件
12   热面
13   冷面
14   电极
141  正电极
142  负电极
15   负载
16   DBC陶瓷板
17   集热器
18   温差发电组件
19   散热器
21   DBC陶瓷板
22   温差电单体
221  P型温差电元件
222  N型温差电元件
223  相变抑制散热板
224  相变抑制集热板
23   正电极
24   负电极
具体实施方式
以下通过特定的具体实例说明本发明的实施方式，本领域技术人员可由本说明书所揭露的内容轻易地了解本发明的其他优点与功效。本发明还可以通过另外不同的具体实施方式加以实施或应用，本说明书中的各项细节也可以基于不同观点与应用，在没有背离本发明的精神下进行各种修饰或改变。
请参阅图4至图5。需要说明的是，本实施例中所提供的图示仅以示意方式说明本发明的基本构想，虽图示中仅显示与本发明中有关的组件而非按照实际实施时的组件数目、形状及尺寸绘制，其实际实施时各组件的型态、数量及比例可为一种随意的改变，且其组件布局型态也可能更为复杂。
实施例一
请参阅图4，本发明提供一种相变抑制传热温差发电器件，所述相变抑制传热温差发电器件包括至少一个温差电单体22；所述温差电单体22包括一P型温差电元件221、一N型温差电元件222、一相变抑制散热板223及一相变抑制集热板224；
所述P型温差电元件221、所述N型温差电元件222、所述相变抑制散热板223及所述相变抑制集热板224平行排布，所述相变抑制集热板224位于所述P型温差电元件221及所述N型温差电元件222之间，所述相变抑制散热板223位于所述P型温差电元件221或所述N型温差电元件222远离所述相变抑制集热板224的一侧；所述P型温差电元件221、所述N型温差电元件222、所述相变抑制散热板223及所述相变抑制集热板224紧密贴合。
作为示例，所述P型温差电元件221及所述N型温差电元件222的材料均可以为掺杂的赝二元碲化铋Bi2Te3及其固溶体、赝三元碲化铋及其固溶体、掺杂的碲化铅PbTe及其固溶体(如PbTe-SnTe、PbTe-SnTe-MnTe)、碲化锗GeTe及其固溶体(如GeTe-PbTe、GeTe-AgSbTe2)单填或多填的CoSb3方钴矿类温差电材料、Half-Heusler温差电材料、掺杂的Si-Ge合金、Zintl相温差电材料以及其他温差电材料。
作为示例，所述P型温差电元件221及所述N型温差电元件222可以是经区域熔炼生长的棒材、或者是热压、SPS工艺、机械合金法或其他粉末冶金工艺制造的块体材料，经切成片材后，再经适当的表面处理工艺后直接当作温差电元件，而不必像传统温差电组件制作工艺那样，由片材再经切割工艺制造成相对小 矩形截面的温差电元件，因此简化了温差电组件的制造工艺，提高了材料利用率，大大降低了原材料消耗和成本。将若干单体串联或并联组合起来，可获得较大的输出电功率。本实施例制造的温差发电器件，有利于设计成大输出电流的温差发电器。
作为示例，所述相变抑制散热板223包括一金属板，所述金属板内通过吹胀工艺形成有具有一定形状的封闭管道，所述封闭管道内填充有传热工质。
作为示例，所述传热工质为流体，优选地，所述传热工质可以为气体或液体或液体与气体的混合物，更为优选地，本实施例中，所述传热工质为液体与气体混合物。
作为示例，所述封闭管道的形状可以为六边形蜂窝状、圆形蜂窝状、四边形蜂窝状、首尾串联的多个U形、菱形、三角形、圆环形，或其中任一种以上图形的任意组合。
作为示例，所述相变抑制散热板223的材料可以为铜、铜合金、铝、铝合金、钛、钛合金、不锈钢，或其中任一种以上的任意组合。
作为示例，所述相变抑制散热板223的厚度及所述封闭管道的内径可以根据实际进行设定，优选地，本实施例中，所述相变抑制散热板223的厚度为0.2mm～3mm，所述封闭管道的内径为0.1mm～1mm。
作为示例，所述相变抑制散热板223与所述P型温差电元件221及所述N型温差电元件222贴合部分表面的形状为平面状，所述相变抑制散热板223的其他部分的表面形成有孔洞、浅槽、突起或活页窗等强化传热的结构，或覆盖强化传热涂层，以增强所述相变抑制散热板223的传热能力。此处，所述相变抑制散热板223的其他部分是指所述相变抑制散热板223暴露出所述P型温差电元件221及所述N型温差电元件222的部分。
作为示例，所述相变抑制散热板223可以包括两块层叠的金属板；其中一层所述金属板内形成有具有一定形状的封闭管道，所述封闭管道内填充有传热工质，另一层所述金属板内形成有具有一定形状的流体介质管道，所述流体介质管道两端形成有开口，所述开口适于与流体介质源相连通。将所述相变抑制散热板223设计为包括适于作为相变抑制管道的金属层及包括流体介质管道的金属层的双层结构，可利用适当的流动介质将所述相变抑制散热板223部分传递的热量迅速散发出去。
所述相变抑制散热板223具有极高的有效热导率，能将高热流密度的热量快速从热源传递到热槽；本实施例中，所述相变抑制散热板223能将温差电元件传出的热量快速、均匀地从散热板发散至空间或传递给流动的介质。
作为示例，所述相变抑制集热板224包括一金属板，所述金属板内通过吹胀工艺形成有具有一定形状的封闭管道，所述封闭管道内填充有传热工质。
作为示例，所述传热工质为流体，优选地，所述传热工质可以为气体或液体或液体与气体的混合物，更为优选地，本实施例中，所述传热工质为液体与气体混合物。
作为示例，所述封闭管道的形状可以为六边形蜂窝状、圆形蜂窝状、四边形蜂窝状、首尾串联的多个U形、菱形、三角形、圆环形，或其中任一种以上图形的任意组合。
作为示例，所述相变抑制集热板224的材料可以为铜、铜合金、铝、铝合金、钛、钛合金、不锈钢，或其中任一种以上的任意组合。
作为示例，所述相变抑制集热板224的厚度及所述封闭管道的内径可以根据实际进行设定，优选地，本实施例中，所述相变抑制集热板224的厚度为0.2mm～3mm，所述封闭管道的内径为0.1mm～1mm。
作为示例，所述相变抑制集热板224与所述P型温差电元件221及所述N型温差电元件222贴合部分表面的形状为平面状，所述相变抑制集热板224的其他部分的表面形成有孔洞、浅槽、突起或活页窗等强化传热的结构，或覆盖强化传热涂层，以增强所述相变抑制集热板224的传热能力。此处，所述相变抑制集热板224的其他部分是指所述相变抑制集热板224暴露出所述P型温差电元件221及所述N型温差电元件222的部分。
作为示例，所述相变抑制集热板224可以包括两块层叠的金属板；其中一层所述金属板内形成有具有一定形状的封闭管道，所述封闭管道内填充有传热工质，另一层所述金属板内形成有具有一定形状的流体介质管道，所述流体介质管道两端形成有开口，所述开口适于与流体介质源相连通。将所述相变抑制集热板224设计为包括适于作为相变抑制管道的金属层及包括流体介质管道的金属层的双层结构，可利用适当的流动介质将热源的热量传递给所述相变抑制集热板224部分，然后迅速和均匀地传递给温差电元件。
所述相变抑制集热板224具有极高的有效热导率，能将高热流密度的热量快 速从热源传递到热槽；本实施例中，所述相变抑制集热板224能将热源发出的热量快速、均匀地传递给温差电元件。
作为示例，所述相变抑制传热温差发电器件包括多个所述温差电单体22，所述多个温差电单体22串联组合集成为所述相变抑制传热温差发电器件；图4仅为包括5对所述温差电单体22的示例，本实施例中并不以此为限；本实施例中，所述相变抑制传热温差发电器件中包括的所述温差电单体22的数量可以根据实际需要进行设定。将多个所述温差电单体22组合起来，可获得较大的输出电压和输出电功率。
作为示例，所述相变抑制传热温差发电器件的两侧各设有一DBC陶瓷板21；位于所述相变抑制传热温差发电器件一侧的所述DBC陶瓷板21贴合于所述温差电单体22中的所述相变抑制散热板223的表面，位于所述相变抑制传热温差发电器件另一侧的所述DBC陶瓷板21经由一所述相变抑制散热板223与所述温差电单体22中的所述P型温差电元件221或所述N型温差电元件222相连接。位于所述相变抑制传热温差发电器件两侧的所述DBC陶瓷板21仅作为与外界隔离的电绝缘材料；与所述两块DBC陶瓷板21贴合的所述相变抑制散热板223分别作为正电极23及负电极24。
作为示例，所述P型温差电元件221、所述N型温差电元件222、所述相变抑制散热板223、所述相变抑制集热板224及所述DBC陶瓷板21通过软钎焊、硬钎焊、压接、摩擦焊或压焊工艺固定连接。所述P型温差电元件221、所述N型温差电元件222、所述相变抑制散热板223、所述相变抑制集热板224及所述DBC陶瓷板21形成的温差发电器件的集成工艺的实施可以在大气中进行，也可以在真空环境进行，还可以在有惰性气体保护和温度控制的环境中进行。需要说明的是，所述温差发电器件的集成工艺应考虑到与所述相变抑制散热板223及所述相变抑制集热板224及其工质灌装工艺的相容性。
本发明的相变抑制传热温差发电器件由一片相变抑制集热板和一片相变抑制散热板将一片P型温差电元件和一片N型温差电元件隔离开，构成一对温差电单体。若干个温差电单体串联组合集成为温差电器件，中间无需电隔离；一体化相变抑制传热板既作为温差电单体的电极，同时又作为集热板和散热板；本发明的相变抑制传热温差发电器件在热路上去除了冷、热两面陶瓷片与热交换器之间的接触热阻、陶瓷片的热阻和陶瓷片与电极之间的接触热阻，有利于建立温差， 大大提高了热量利用率，最终增加了温差发电器件的热-电转换效率。
实施例二
请参阅图5，本发明还提供一种相变抑制传热温差发电器件的制造方法，所述制造方法包括：
S1：制造P型温差电元件及N型温差电元件；
S2：制造相变抑制散热板；
S3：制造相变抑制集热板；
S4：准备DBC陶瓷板；
S5：将所述P型温差电元件、所述N型温差电元件、所述相变抑制散热板、所述相变抑制集热板及所述DBC陶瓷板平行排布，所述相变抑制集热板位于所述P型温差电元件及所述N型温差电元件之间，所述相变抑制散热板位于所述P型温差电元件及所述N型温差电元件远离所述相变抑制集热板的一侧，所述DBC陶瓷板位于最外层的所述相变抑制散热板的外侧；并将所述P型温差电元件、所述N型温差电元件、所述相变抑制散热板、所述相变抑制集热板及所述DBC陶瓷板固定连接。
执行S1步骤，请参阅图5中的S1步骤，制造P型温差电元件及N型温差电元件。
作为示例，制造所述P型温差电元件及所述N型温差电元件的具体方法为：
S11：分别按一定组分及配比配制所述P型温差电元件的材料及所述N型温差电元件的材料；以制造碲化铋温差发电器件为例，配制的所述P型温差电元件的材料为组分为(70％～80％)Sb2Te3-(20％～30％)Bi2Te3的赝二元温差电材料，外加占总重量1％～5％的过量Te；配制的所述N型温差电元件的材料为组分为掺杂SbI3或TeI4不到总重量1％的(85％-98％)Bi2Te3-(2％-15％)Bi2Se3的赝二元温差电材料；其中的百分数为组分中各部分的重量百分比；
S12：将配制好的所述P型温差电元件的材料及所述N型温差电元件的材料分别按常规区域熔炼生长工艺制造具有一定直径(譬如直径为30mm)的温差电棒材；
S13：使用内圆切片机、外圆切片机或线切割机将所述温差电棒材切割成具有一定厚度(譬如1.6mm)的温差电元件；
S14：在所述温差电元件上喷涂厚度为3μm～60μm的Ni层；
S15：在所述Ni层上电镀或化学镀厚度为1μm～3μm的Sn层。
作为示例，制造所述P型温差电元件及所述N型温差电元件的具体方法为：
S11：分别按一定组分及配比配制所述P型温差电元件的材料及所述N型温差电元件的材料；以制造碲化铋温差发电器件为例，配制的所述P型温差电元件的材料为组分为(70％～80％)Sb2Te3-(20％～30％)Bi2Te3的赝二元温差电材料，外加占总重量1％～5％的过量Te；配制的所述N型温差电元件的材料为组分为掺杂SbI3或TeI4不到总重量1％的(85％-98％)Bi2Te3-(2％-15％)Bi2Se3的赝二元温差电材料；其中的百分数为组分中各部分的重量百分比；
S12：将配制好的所述P型温差电元件的材料及所述N型温差电元件的材料分别通过热压、SPS工艺、机械合金法或其他粉末冶金工艺制造成块体材料；
S13：使用内圆切片机、外圆切片机或线切割机将所述块体材料切割成具有一定厚度(譬如1.6mm)的温差电元件；
S14：在所述温差电元件上喷镀厚度为3μm～60μm的Ni层；
S15：在所述Ni层上电镀或化学镀厚度为1μm～3μm的Sn层。
执行S2步骤，请参阅图5中的S2步骤，制造相变抑制散热板。
作为示例，制造所述相变抑制散热板之后，还包括对所述相变抑制散热板进行金属化处理的步骤。
执行S3步骤，请参阅图5中的S3步骤，制造相变抑制集热板。
作为示例，制造所述相变抑制集热板之后，还包括对所述相变抑制集热板进行金属化处理的步骤。
执行S4步骤，请参阅图5中的S4步骤，准备DBC(Direct Bond Copper)陶瓷板。
需要说明的是，制造所述P型温差电元件及所述N型温差电元件S1步骤、制造所述相变抑制散热板的S2步骤、制造所述相变抑制集热板的S3步骤及准备所述DBC陶瓷板的S4步骤四者的先后顺序可以根据实际需要进行调换，这里顺序仅作为一个示例，本实施例并不以此为限。
作为示例，还包括对所述DBC陶瓷板进行清洗的步骤。
执行S5步骤，请参阅图5中的S5步骤，将所述P型温差电元件、所述N型温差电元件、所述相变抑制散热板、所述相变抑制集热板及所述DBC陶瓷板平行排布，所述相变抑制集热板位于所述P型温差电元件及所述N型温差电元 件之间，所述相变抑制散热板位于所述P型温差电元件及所述N型温差电元件远离所述相变抑制集热板的一侧，所述DBC陶瓷板位于最外层的所述相变抑制散热板的外侧；并将所述P型温差电元件、所述N型温差电元件、所述相变抑制散热板、所述相变抑制集热板及所述DBC陶瓷板固定连接。
作为示例，通过软钎焊、硬钎焊、压接、摩擦焊或压焊工艺将所述P型温差电元件、所述N型温差电元件、所述相变抑制散热板、所述相变抑制集热板及所述DBC陶瓷板固定连接。
作为示例，所述P型温差电元件、所述N型温差电元件、所述相变抑制散热板、所述相变抑制集热板及所述DBC陶瓷板形成的温差发电器件的集成工艺的实施可以在大气中进行，也可以在真空环境进行，还可以在有惰性气体保护和温度控制的环境中进行。需要说明的是，所述温差发电器件的集成工艺应考虑到与所述相变抑制散热板及所述相变抑制集热板及其工质灌装工艺的相容性。
作为示例，可以在所述P型温差电元件、所述N型温差电元件、所述相变抑制散热板、所述相变抑制集热板及所述DBC陶瓷板的两面涂上一定厚度的95％Pb～5％Sn焊膏，将所述P型温差电元件、所述N型温差电元件、所述相变抑制散热板、所述相变抑制集热板及所述DBC陶瓷板按一定的顺序排列后使用焊接夹具固定起来，放入氮气气氛保护的焊接炉中焊接成温差发电器件整体。
作为示例，本实施例中所制造的所述P型温差电元件、所述N型温差电元件、所述相变抑制散热板、所述相变抑制集热板及所述DBC陶瓷板的数量及其排列次序可以如实施例一中图4所示，即所示P型温差电元件、所述N型温差电元件及所述相变抑制集热板的数量均为5片，所述相变抑制散热板的数量为6片，所述DBC陶瓷板的数量为2片。但本实施例中并不以此为限，所述P型温差电元件、所述N型温差电元件、所述相变抑制散热板、所述相变抑制集热板及所述DBC陶瓷板的数量及其排列次序可以根据实际需要进行调整。需要说明的是，无论所述P型温差电元件、所述N型温差电元件、所述相变抑制散热板、所述相变抑制集热板及所述DBC陶瓷板的排列次序如何调整，必须确保所述P型温差电元件及所述N型温差电元件被所述相变抑制散热板及所述相变抑制集热板隔开，所述DBC陶瓷板位于整个结构的最外两侧。
以图4中所示的相变抑制传热温差发电器件为例，如不计所述相变抑制散热板及所述相变抑制集热板的面积，所述相变抑制传热温差发电器件的尺寸为：截 面面积为40mm*40mm，厚度不到15mm，当冷面和热面的温差为200℃时，最大输出电功率可达到85W。与之对比的是型号为TEG1-127-1.4-1.6温差发电组件，这是一种商用碲化铋温差发电组件，其外形尺寸为：面积40mm*40mm，高度3.2mm；温差电元件的尺寸为：截面积1.4mm*1.4mm，高度1.6mm；电极面积为1.6mm*2.4mm；温差电元件对数127对。这种发电组件，当冷热面温差200℃时，最大输出电功率为5.8W。由此可知，本发明图4中所示的5对温差发电单体构成的温差发电器件，同样温差条件下，最大输出电功率达到TEG1-127-1.4-1.6温差发电组件的14.6倍。
本发明的相变抑制传热温差发电器件中的温差电元件，是经区域熔炼生长的棒材、或者是热压或其他粉末冶金工艺制造的块体材料，切成片材后，再经适当的表面处理工艺后直接当作温差电元件，而不同于传统温差电组件制作工艺，即由片材再经切割工艺制造成相对小矩形截面的温差电元件，因此简化了温差电组件的制造工艺，提高了材料利用率，大大降低了原材料消耗和成本。
综上所述，本发明提供一种相变抑制传热温差发电器件及其制造方法，本发明的相变抑制传热温差发电器件由一片相变抑制集热板和一片相变抑制散热板将一片P型温差电元件和一片N型温差电元件隔离开，构成一对温差电单体。若干个温差电单体串联组合集成为温差电器件，中间无需电隔离；一体化相变抑制传热板既作为温差电单体的电极，同时又作为集热板和散热板；本发明的相变抑制传热温差发电器件在热路上减少了陶瓷片热阻及其与电极界面的接触热阻，有利于建立温差，相变抑制传热板既是电极又是热面和冷面的热交换器，只有较小的界面热阻，大大提高了温差发电器的热-电转换效率；将若干单体组合起来，可获得较大的输出电压和输出电功率；本发明的相变抑制传热温差发电器件中的温差电元件，是经区域熔炼生长的棒材，或者是热压或其他粉末冶金工艺制造的块体材料，切成片材后，再经适当的表面处理工艺后直接当作温差电元件，而不同于传统温差电组件制作工艺，即由片材再经切割工艺制造成相对小矩形截面的温差电元件，因此简化了温差电组件的制造工艺，提高了材料利用率，大大降低了原材料消耗和成本。
上述实施例仅例示性说明本发明的原理及其功效，而非用于限制本发明。任何熟悉此技术的人士皆可在不违背本发明的精神及范畴下，对上述实施例进行修饰或改变。因此，举凡所属技术领域中具有通常知识者在未脱离本发明所揭示的 精神与技术思想下所完成的一切等效修饰或改变，仍应由本发明的权利要求所涵盖。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种相变抑制传热温差发电器件，其特征在于，所述相变抑制传热温差发电器件包括至少一个温差电单体；所述温差电单体包括一P型温差电元件、一N型温差电元件、一相变抑制散热板及一相变抑制集热板；
    所述P型温差电元件、所述N型温差电元件、所述相变抑制散热板及所述相变抑制集热板平行排布，所述相变抑制集热板位于所述P型温差电元件及所述N型温差电元件之间，所述相变抑制散热板位于所述P型温差电元件或所述N型温差电元件远离所述相变抑制集热板的一侧；所述P型温差电元件、所述N型温差电元件、所述相变抑制散热板及所述相变抑制集热板紧密贴合。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的相变抑制传热温差发电器件，其特征在于：所述相变抑制散热板及所述相变抑制集热板均包括一金属板，所述金属板内形成有具有一定形状的封闭管道，所述封闭管道内填充有传热工质。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的相变抑制传热温差发电器件，其特征在于：所述相变抑制散热板及所述相变抑制集热板均包括两块层叠的金属板；其中一层所述金属板内形成有具有一定形状的封闭管道，所述封闭管道内填充有传热工质，另一层所述金属板内形成有具有一定形状的流体介质管道，所述流体介质管道两端形成有开口，所述开口适于与流体介质源相连通。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的相变抑制传热温差发电器件，其特征在于：所述封闭管道的形状为六边形蜂窝状、圆形蜂窝状、四边形蜂窝状、首尾串联的多个U形、菱形、三角形、圆环形，或其中任一种以上图形的任意组合。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的相变抑制传热温差发电器件，其特征在于：所述相变抑制散热板及所述相变抑制集热板的材料均为铜、铜合金、铝、铝合金、钛、钛合金、不锈钢，或其中任一种以上的任意组合。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的相变抑制传热温差发电器件，其特征在于：所述P型温差电元件及所述N型温差电元件的材料为掺杂的赝二元碲化铋及其固溶体、赝三元碲化铋及其固溶体、掺杂的碲化铅及其固溶体、碲化锗及其固溶体、单填或多填的方钴矿类温差电材料、Half-Heusler温差电材料、掺杂的Si-Ge合金、Zintl相温差电材料。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的相变抑制传热温差发电器件，其特征在于：所述相变抑制散热板及所述相变抑制集热板与所述P型温差电元件及所述N型温差电元件贴合部分表面的形状为平面状，所述相变抑制散热板及所述相变抑制集热板其他部分的表面形成有孔洞、浅槽、突起、活页窗或覆盖涂层以强化传热。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的相变抑制传热温差发电器件，其特征在于：所述相变抑制传热温差发电器件包括多个所述温差电单体，所述多个温差电单体串联组合集成为所述相变抑制传热温差发电器件。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的相变抑制传热温差发电器件，其特征在于：所述相变抑制传热温差发电器件的两侧各设有一DBC陶瓷板；位于所述相变抑制传热温差发电器件一侧的所述DBC陶瓷板贴合于所述温差电单体中的所述相变抑制散热板的表面，位于所述相变抑制传热温差发电器件另一侧的所述DBC陶瓷板经由一所述相变抑制散热板与所述温差电单体中的所述P型温差电元件或所述N型温差电元件相连接。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的相变抑制传热温差发电器件，其特征在于：所述P型温差电元件、所述N型温差电元件、所述相变抑制散热板、所述相变抑制集热板及所述DBC陶瓷板通过软钎焊、硬钎焊、压接、摩擦焊或压焊工艺固定连接。
  11. 一种相变抑制传热温差发电器件的制造方法，其特征在于，所述制造方法包括：
    制造P型温差电元件及N型温差电元件；
    制造相变抑制散热板；
    制造相变抑制集热板；
    准备DBC陶瓷板；
    将所述P型温差电元件、所述N型温差电元件、所述相变抑制散热板、所述相变抑制集热板及所述DBC陶瓷板平行排布，所述相变抑制集热板位于所述P型温差电元件及所述N型温差电元件之间，所述相变抑制散热板位于所述P型温差电元件及所述N型温差电元件远离所述相变抑制集热板的一侧，所述DBC陶瓷板位于最外层的所述相变抑制散热板的外侧；并将所述P型温差电元件、所述N型温差电元件、所述相变抑制散热板、所述相变抑制集热板及所述DBC陶瓷板固定连接。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的相变抑制传热温差发电器件的制造方法，其特征在于：制造所述P型温差电元件及所述N型温差电元件的具体方法为：
    分别按一定组分及配比配制所述P型温差电元件的材料及所述N型温差电元件的材料；
    将配制好的所述P型温差电元件的材料及所述N型温差电元件的材料分别按常规区域熔炼生长工艺制造温差电棒材；
    使用内圆切片机、外圆切片机或线切割机将所述温差电棒材切割成温差电元件；
    在所述温差电元件上电镀或喷涂Ni层、Ni合金、Mo层、Mo合金、Ti层或Ti合金作为缓冲层；
    在所述缓冲层上电镀或化学镀Sn层。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的相变抑制传热温差发电器件的制造方法，其特征在于：制造所述P型温差电元件及所述N型温差电元件的具体方法为：
    分别按一定组分及配比配制所述P型温差电元件的材料及所述N型温差电元件的材料；
    将配制好的所述P型温差电元件的材料及所述N型温差电元件的材料分别通过热压、SPS工艺、机械合金法或其他粉末冶金工艺制造成块体材料；
    使用内圆切片机、外圆切片机或线切割机将所述块体材料材切割成温差 电元件；
    在所述温差电元件上电镀或喷涂Ni层、Ni合金、Mo层、Mo合金、Ti层、Ti合金作为缓冲层；
    在所述缓冲层上电镀或化学镀Sn层。
  14. 根据权利要求11所述的相变抑制传热温差发电器件的制造方法，其特征在于：制造所述相变抑制散热板及制造所述相变抑制集热板之后，还包括对所述相变抑制散热板及所述相变抑制集热板进行金属化处理的步骤。
  15. 根据权利要求11所述的相变抑制传热温差发电器件的制造方法，其特征在于：通过软钎焊、硬钎焊、压接、摩擦焊或压焊工艺将所述P型温差电元件、所述N型温差电元件、所述相变抑制散热板、所述相变抑制集热板及所述DBC陶瓷板固定连接。
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CN103056470A (zh) * 2012-12-24 2013-04-24 中国电子科技集团公司第十八研究所 温差电材料焊接前的处理方法
CN104779340A (zh) * 2015-03-14 2015-07-15 浙江大学 基于高导石墨烯连接材料的温差发电装置
CN105006996A (zh) * 2015-08-06 2015-10-28 浙江嘉熙光电设备制造有限公司 相变抑制传热温差发电器件及其制造方法
CN205123620U (zh) * 2015-08-06 2016-03-30 浙江嘉熙光电设备制造有限公司 相变抑制传热温差发电器件

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