WO2017008502A1 - 一种多输入多输出天线结构和终端 - Google Patents

一种多输入多输出天线结构和终端 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017008502A1
WO2017008502A1 PCT/CN2016/073377 CN2016073377W WO2017008502A1 WO 2017008502 A1 WO2017008502 A1 WO 2017008502A1 CN 2016073377 W CN2016073377 W CN 2016073377W WO 2017008502 A1 WO2017008502 A1 WO 2017008502A1
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antenna
printed
antenna structure
mimo
present
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PCT/CN2016/073377
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English (en)
French (fr)
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舒超凡
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2017008502A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017008502A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to the field of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antennas, in particular to a MIMO antenna structure and a terminal.
  • MIMO multiple-input multiple-output
  • a MIMO antenna is a device that uses multiple antennas simultaneously for transmitting and receiving signals at the transmitting end and the receiving end. If multiple antennas are small relative to each other, it may cause mutual coupling between multiple antennas, resulting in an antenna between the antennas. The correlation is increased, thereby reducing the communication capacity and also reducing the radiation efficiency of the antenna. In order to reduce the coupling between multiple antennas in a MIMO antenna, it is usually necessary to increase the distance between the antennas, which brings about the following two problems:
  • the size of each antenna in the MIMO antenna will be set larger, which will form a limited space with the terminal. Contradiction; for example, when a MIMO antenna needs to transmit and receive a low-band signal and a high-band signal in an LTE system, the size of each antenna in the MIMO antenna is relatively large, and thus, the mobile terminal in which the MIMO antenna is located is difficult to satisfy the space of the MIMO antenna. Claim.
  • the embodiments of the present invention are expected to provide a MIMO antenna structure and a terminal, which can reduce the physical size of the antenna while transmitting and receiving multi-band signals.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a multi-input multi-output antenna structure including multiple antennas, and electrical isolation between the antennas is formed; each antenna includes a printed antenna, and a bracket antenna in the form of a bracket, the printed antenna and the antenna The bracket antenna forms an electrical connection.
  • the printed antenna is loaded with a chip inductor.
  • a loop antenna structure is formed between the printed antenna and the bracket antenna.
  • each antenna is electrically isolated from an adjacent antenna by reference.
  • the printed antenna in the above solution is electrically connected to the bracket antenna by at least one elastic piece.
  • the signal feeding point and the grounding point of each antenna are located in the printed antenna.
  • each antenna in the antenna structure is located on the same printed circuit board.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a terminal, including the antenna structure of any one of the above.
  • the MIMO antenna structure and the terminal provided by the embodiments of the present invention can reduce the physical size of the antenna and reduce the transmission and reception while transmitting and receiving multi-band signals by adopting a combination of a printed antenna and a bracket antenna in each antenna.
  • the electromagnetic absorption ratio (SAR) value of the frequency signal can be reduced.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an antenna inside a first embodiment of a MIMO antenna structure according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a top plan view of a second embodiment of a MIMO antenna structure of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of a MIMO antenna structure of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing actual measurement results of a S-parameter of a MIMO antenna structure in a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the present invention proposes a MIMO antenna structure, the MIMO antenna structure includes a plurality of antennas, and electrical isolation is formed between each antenna; here, each antenna can be used for transmitting and receiving signals.
  • each antenna includes a printed antenna 100 and a support antenna 101.
  • the printed antenna 100 is an antenna that can be printed on a printed circuit board.
  • the stent antenna 101 is an antenna fixed by a bracket; here, the printed antenna 100 is generally presented in a two-dimensional plane, and the stent antenna 101 is generally presented in three dimensions.
  • each antenna in the MIMO antenna structure may be located at any position on the same printed circuit board.
  • the trace form of the printed antenna, the trace form of the support antenna, and the proportion of both in the antenna clearance area may be The layout of each antenna on the printed circuit board is set.
  • the printed antenna 100 is electrically connected to the support antenna 101.
  • the printed antenna 100 can be electrically connected to the support antenna 101 through the elastic piece.
  • the number and position of the elastic pieces can be set according to the layout of the antenna.
  • the printed antenna 100, the elastic piece and the support antenna 101 are combined to form a monopole antenna, unipolar day
  • the line is used to provide low frequency resonance of the antenna when the antenna transmits and receives low frequency signals, and the frequency band of the low frequency signal may be 698 MHz-960 MHz.
  • the effective electrical length of the monopole antenna is one quarter of the wavelength of the low frequency signal. Since the wavelength of the low frequency signal is relatively long, it is difficult to realize a small size monopole antenna for transmitting and receiving low frequency signals in the prior art.
  • the printed antenna 100 is loaded with a chip inductor, that is, the printed antenna 100 is connected with a chip inductor, and the chip inductor can be used to increase the effective electrical power of the monopole antenna.
  • the length can also compensate for the capacitive effect caused by the small size of the monopole antenna, thereby reducing the actual physical size of the monopole antenna receiving the low frequency signal.
  • the number of chip inductors, the parameters of each chip inductor, the routing form of the monopole antenna, and the trace width of the monopole antenna can be selected according to the frequency of the low frequency signal that needs to be transmitted and received.
  • the parameters of each chip inductor may be an inductance value, a parasitic capacitance value, a DC resistance value, and the like.
  • a loop antenna structure is formed between the printed antenna 100 and the rack antenna 101, and the loop antenna structure is used to provide a high frequency of antenna operation when the antenna transmits and receives high frequency signals.
  • the frequency band of the high frequency signal can be 2500MHz-2690MHz; the effective electrical length of the loop antenna structure is one-half of the wavelength of the high frequency signal.
  • the ring size of the loop antenna structure and the width of the trace around the loop antenna structure may be set according to the frequency of the transmitted and received high frequency signals.
  • the antenna fixed by the bracket since the antenna fixed by the bracket is usually presented in three dimensions, there is a possibility that the SAR value is too high when transmitting and receiving the high frequency signal;
  • the printed antenna 100 since the printed antenna 100 has a planar two-dimensional shape, the loop antenna structure formed between the printed antenna 100 and the cradle antenna 101 can effectively reduce the SAR value of the high frequency signal.
  • the loop antenna structure can reduce a small amount of surface waves, thereby effectively reducing mutual interference between the antennas in the MIMO antenna structure.
  • each antenna is electrically isolated from an adjacent antenna by reference, where there is only one reference ground for the MIMO antenna structure.
  • the electrical isolation of the reference ground the correlation between the individual antennas in the MIMO antenna structure can be reduced.
  • the signal feeding point and the grounding point of each antenna are located in the printed antenna, and the feeding mode of each antenna may be a microstrip feeding mode or a coplanar waveguide feeding. Mode or coupled feed mode.
  • the feeding mode of each antenna can be selected according to the layout of each antenna on the printed circuit board.
  • the MIMO antenna structure includes two antennas: a primary antenna and a secondary antenna; each antenna of the MIMO antenna structure is used for transmitting and receiving LTE high-band signals and LTE low-band signals, where LTE high-band signals are used. It can be 2500MHz-2690MHz, and the LTE low-band signal can be 698MHz-960MHz.
  • FIG. 2 is a top plan view of a second embodiment of a MIMO antenna structure according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of the MIMO antenna structure of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 show a main antenna of the MIMO antenna structure.
  • 21 and the sub antenna 22 are both located on the printed circuit board 201.
  • the size of the printed circuit board 201 is 60 mm * 95 mm, and the main antenna 21 and the sub antenna 22 are both located at the bottom of the printed circuit board 201, and the main antenna 21 and the sub antenna 22 are provided. Electrical isolation is formed between the reference grounds.
  • the main antenna 21 includes a first printed antenna 200 and a first bracket antenna 207.
  • a first loop antenna structure 209 is formed between the first printed antenna 200 and the first bracket antenna 207.
  • the first printed antenna 200 and the first bracket antenna 207 The electrical connection is formed by the elastic pieces, and the first printed antenna 200, the first support antenna 207, and the elastic pieces between the two are combined to form the first monopole antenna 210.
  • the first printed antenna 200 is loaded with a first chip inductor 206, and the main antenna signal feed point 202 and the main antenna ground point 203 are both disposed on the first printed antenna 200.
  • the secondary antenna 22 includes a second printed antenna 213 and a second bracket antenna 208, and a second loop antenna structure 211 is formed between the second printed antenna 213 and the second bracket antenna 208; between the second printed antenna 213 and the second bracket antenna 208
  • the electrical connection is formed by the shrapnel, and the second printed antenna 213, the second bogie antenna 208, and the shrapnel between the two are combined to form the second monopole antenna 212.
  • the second printed antenna 213 is loaded with a second chip inductor 214, and the secondary antenna signal feed point 204 and the secondary antenna ground point 205 are both disposed on the second printed antenna 213.
  • the implementation of the MIMO antenna structure in the second embodiment of the present invention is the same as the implementation of the MIMO antenna structure in the first embodiment of the present invention, and will not be described in detail herein.
  • the following is a description of the measured results of the MIMO antenna structure parameters in the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the MIMO antenna structure in the second embodiment of the present invention is actually measured.
  • the curve S11 is used to indicate the efficiency of the main antenna
  • the curve S22 is the efficiency of the sub antenna
  • the curve S21 is the correlation between the main antenna and the sub antenna.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a terminal, which includes any one of the MIMO antenna structures in the foregoing embodiments.

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Abstract

本实用新型公开了一种多输入多输出天线结构，包括多个天线，各个天线之间形成电气隔离；每个天线包括印刷天线、以及采用支架形式的支架天线，所述印刷天线与所述支架天线形成电气连接。本实用新型还公开了一种终端。

Description

一种多输入多输出天线结构和终端 技术领域
本实用新型涉及多输入多输出(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output，MIMO)天线领域，尤其涉及一种MIMO天线结构和终端。
背景技术
MIMO天线是一种在发射端和接收端同时使用多个天线进行信号收发的装置，如果多个天线之间相互较小，则有可能引起多个天线之间的相互耦合，导致天线之间的相关性增大，从而降低通信容量，而且也会降低天线的辐射效率。为了降低MIMO天线中多个天线之间的耦合，通常需要增大天线之间的距离，这就会带来如下两方面的问题：
1)对于空间有限的终端来说，增加终端内部的MIMO天线的多天线之间的距离是难以实现的；例如，移动终端的长期演进(Long Term Evolution，LTE)MIMO天线中的电气距离通常只有需要收发的信号的波长的十几分之一。
2)如果MIMO天线用于需要收发多个频段的信号，尤其是需要收发低频段的信号时，MIMO天线中的每个天线的尺寸就会设置的比较大，这就会与终端有限的空间形成矛盾；例如，MIMO天线需要收发LTE***中低频段信号和高频段信号时，MIMO天线中的每个天线的尺寸会比较大，如此，MIMO天线所处在的移动终端难以满足MIMO天线对空间的要求。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题，本实用新型实施例期望提供一种MIMO天线结构和终端，能够在收发多频段信号的同时降低天线的物理尺寸。
本实用新型的技术方案是这样实现的：
本实用新型实施例提供了一种多输入多输出天线结构，包括多个天线，各个天线之间形成电气隔离；每个天线包括印刷天线、以及采用支架形式的支架天线，所述印刷天线与所述支架天线形成电气连接。
上述方案中，所述印刷天线加载有片式电感。
上述方案中，在所述天线结构的每个天线中，所述印刷天线和支架天线之间形成环形天线结构。
上述方案中，所述天线结构中，每个天线通过参考地与相邻的天线形成电气隔离。
上述方案中所述印刷天线通过至少一个弹片与所述支架天线形成电气连接。
上述方案中，所述天线结构中，每个天线的信号馈点和接地点均位于印刷天线。
上述方案中，所述天线结构中的各个天线位于同一印制电路板上。
本实用新型实施例还提供了一种终端，包括上述任意一种所述的天线结构。
本实用新型实施例提供的一种MIMO天线结构和终端，通过在每个天线中采用印刷天线和支架天线相结合的架构，能够在收发多频段信号的同时降低天线的物理尺寸，并降低收发高频信号时的电磁波吸收比(Specific Absorption Rate，SAR)值。
附图说明
图1为本实用新型MIMO天线结构的第一实施例中天线内部的结构示意图；
图2为本实用新型MIMO天线结构的第二实施例的俯视示意图；
图3为本实用新型MIMO天线结构的第二实施例的立体图；
图4为本实用新型第二实施例中的MIMO天线结构S参数的实测结果示意图。
具体实施方式
为了更清楚地说明本实用新型实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将结合本实用新型实施例中的附图，对本实用新型实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本实用新型一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本实用新型中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本实用新型保护的范围。
第一实施例
本实用新型实施例提出了一种MIMO天线结构，该MIMO天线结构包括多个天线，每个天线之间形成电气隔离；这里，每个天线均可用于收发信号。
图1为本实用新型MIMO天线结构的第一实施例中天线内部的结构示意图，如图1所示，在该MIMO天线结构中，每个天线包括印刷天线100和支架天线101，这里，印刷天线100是可以在印制电路板上印制出的天线，支架天线101是利用支架固定的天线；这里，印刷天线100通常以二维平面形式呈现，支架天线101通常以三维形式呈现。
这里，MIMO天线结构中的各个天线可以位于同一印制电路板的任意位置，此时，印刷天线的走线形式、支架天线的走线形式以及两者在天线净空区中所占比例均可根据每个天线在印制电路板上的布局进行设置。
印刷天线100与支架天线101形成电气连接，这里，印刷天线100可以通过弹片与所述支架天线101形成电气连接，弹片的数量、位置均可以根据天线的布局情况进行设置。
这里，印刷天线100、弹片和支架天线101组合形成单极天线，单极天 线用于在天线收发低频信号时，提供天线工作的低频谐振，低频信号的频段可以是698MHz-960MHz。单极天线的有效电气长度为低频信号的波长的四分之一，由于低频信号的波长相对较长，这就使得现有技术中难以实现收发低频信号的小尺寸单极天线。
相对地，在本实用新型第一实施例中，印刷天线100加载有片式电感，也就是说，印刷天线100连接有片式电感，片式电感可以用于增加该单极天线的有效的电气长度，也可以补偿单极天线小尺寸走线引起的电容效应，进而降低接收低频信号的单极天线的实际物理尺寸。
在一具体子实施例中，可以根据需要收发的低频信号的频率，选择片式电感的数量、每个片式电感的参数、单极天线的走线形式以及单极天线的走线宽度。这里，每个片式电感的参数可以是电感值、寄生电容值、直流电阻值等等。
这里，在所述MIMO天线结构的每个天线中，所述印刷天线100和支架天线101之间形成环形天线结构，该环形天线结构用于在天线收发高频信号时，提供天线工作的高频谐振，高频信号的频段可以是2500MHz-2690MHz；环形天线结构的有效电气长度为高频信号的波长的二分之一。
在一具体子实施例中，可以根据收发的高频信号的频率，设置环形天线结构的环大小、环形天线结构周围走线的宽度。这里，如果采用单独的支架固定的天线来接收高频信号，由于支架固定的天线通常以三维形式呈现，则有可能在收发高频信号时出现SAR值过高的情况；而在本实用新型第一实施例中，由于印刷天线100呈平面二维形状，印刷天线100和支架天线101之间形成的环形天线结构可以有效地降低收发高频信号的SAR值。这里，该环形天线结构能够减少少量的表面波，进而可有效减小MIMO天线结构中各个天线之间的互扰。
在一子实施例中，在所述MIMO天线结构中，每个天线通过参考地与相邻的天线形成电气隔离，这里，MIMO天线结构的参考地只有一个。通过采用参考地的电气隔离方式，可以降低MIMO天线结构中各个天线之间的相关性。
本实用新型第一实施例中，在MIMO天线结构中，每个天线的信号馈点和接地点均位于印刷天线，每个天线的馈电方式可以是微带馈电方式、共面波导馈电方式或耦合馈电方式。这里，可以根据各个天线在印制电路板上的布局情况来选择每个天线的馈电方式。
第二实施例
为了能更加体现本实用新型的目的，在本实用新型第一实施例的基础上，进行进一步的举例说明。在本实用新型第二实施例中，MIMO天线结构包括两个天线：主天线和副天线；MIMO天线结构的每个天线用于收发LTE高频段信号和LTE低频段信号，这里，LTE高频段信号可以是2500MHz-2690MHz，LTE低频段信号可以是698MHz-960MHz。
图2为本实用新型MIMO天线结构的第二实施例的俯视示意图，图3为本实用新型MIMO天线结构的第二实施例的立体图；如图2、图3所示，MIMO天线结构的主天线21和副天线22均位于印制电路板201上，印制电路板201的尺寸为60mm*95mm，主天线21和副天线22均位于印制电路板201的底部，主天线21和副天线22之间通过参考地形成电气隔离。
其中，主天线21包括第一印刷天线200和第一支架天线207，第一印刷天线200和第一支架天线207之间形成第一环形天线结构209；第一印刷天线200和第一支架天线207之间通过弹片形成电气连接，第一印刷天线200、第一支架天线207以及两者之间的弹片组合形成第一单极天线210。这里，第一印刷天线200加载有第一片式电感206，主天线信号馈点202和主天线接地点203均设置在第一印刷天线200上。
副天线22包括第二印刷天线213和第二支架天线208，第二印刷天线213和第二支架天线208之间形成第二环形天线结构211；第二印刷天线213和第二支架天线208之间通过弹片形成电气连接，第二印刷天线213、第二支架天线208以及两者之间的弹片组合形成第二单极天线212。这里，第二印刷天线213加载有第二片式电感214，副天线信号馈点204和副天线接地点205均设置在第二印刷天线213上。
本实用新型第二实施例中MIMO天线结构的实现方式与本实用新型第一实施例MIMO天线结构的实现方式相同，这里不再详述。
下面说明本实用新型第二实施例中的MIMO天线结构参数实测的结果，通过对本实用新型第二实施例中的MIMO天线结构进行实测，
图4为MIMO天线结构S参数的实测结果示意图，如图4所示，曲线S11用于表示主天线的效率，曲线S22表示副天线的效率，曲线S21表示主天线和副天线之间的相关性；通过对本实用新型第二实施例中的MIMO天线结构进行实测，可以获知，主天线和副天线的效率都在40％以上，主天线和副天线之间的隔离度小于-12dB，这样可以满足多天线***的要求；主天线和副天线之间的包络相关系数(Envelope Correlation Coefficient，ECC)在0.2以下。
第三实施例
本实用新型实施例还提出了一种终端，该终端包括上述实施例中任意一种MIMO天线结构。
以上所述，仅为本实用新型的具体实施方式，但本实用新型的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本实用新型揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本实用新型的保护范围之内。因此，本实用新型的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。
工业实用性
本发明实施例中，通过在每个天线中采用印刷天线和支架天线相结合的架构，能够在收发多频段信号的同时降低天线的物理尺寸，并降低收发高频信号时的SAR值。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种多输入多输出天线结构，所述天线结构包括多个天线，各个天线之间形成电气隔离；每个天线包括印刷天线、以及采用支架形式的支架天线，所述印刷天线与所述支架天线形成电气连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的天线结构，其中，所述印刷天线加载有片式电感。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的天线结构，其中，在所述天线结构的每个天线中，所述印刷天线和支架天线之间形成环形天线结构。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的天线结构，其中，所述天线结构中，每个天线通过参考地与相邻的天线形成电气隔离。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的天线结构，其中，所述印刷天线通过至少一个弹片与所述支架天线形成电气连接。
  6. 根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的天线结构，其中，所述天线结构中，每个天线的信号馈点和接地点均位于印刷天线。
  7. 根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的天线结构，其中，所述天线结构中的各个天线位于同一印制电路板上。
  8. 一种终端，所述终端包括权利要求1至7任一项所述的天线结构。
PCT/CN2016/073377 2015-07-10 2016-02-03 一种多输入多输出天线结构和终端 WO2017008502A1 (zh)

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