WO2017007338A1 - Method of elevating a section of a derrick, related lowering, and apparatus - Google Patents
Method of elevating a section of a derrick, related lowering, and apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2017007338A1 WO2017007338A1 PCT/NO2016/050154 NO2016050154W WO2017007338A1 WO 2017007338 A1 WO2017007338 A1 WO 2017007338A1 NO 2016050154 W NO2016050154 W NO 2016050154W WO 2017007338 A1 WO2017007338 A1 WO 2017007338A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- section
- derrick
- sections
- carrier
- base structure
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 abstract description 43
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 22
- 239000004606 Fillers/Extenders Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
- E04H12/34—Arrangements for erecting or lowering towers, masts, poles, chimney stacks, or the like
- E04H12/344—Arrangements for lifting tower sections for placing additional sections under them
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B15/00—Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B15/00—Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts
- E21B15/003—Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts adapted to be moved on their substructure, e.g. with skidding means; adapted to drill a plurality of wells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the installation of rigs and derricks.
- it relates to a method of elevating at least one section of a derrick, related lowering of an elevated section of the derrick, and apparatus.
- rigs of various types are commonly employed. Such rigs may for instance assist with various operations in the construction, operation and servicing of wells. Different rig types may be used for different operations. This can include drilling, well intervention, workover, and/or plug and abandonment.
- Some rigs in particular those used for well construction such as for performing drilling or casing operations, generally include a derrick and a travelling assembly, where the travelling assembly is mounted on the derrick so that it can move along the derrick.
- the derrick typically comprises an elongate framework of columns and cross-members, extending upward from a base structure.
- the derrick extends to a substantial height to allow elongate structures comprising sections of tubing and/or other tools to be accommodated.
- sections of drill pipe, or drill pipe stands consisting of multiple sections of drill pipe connected together, may be inserted into a drill string in the derrick and be supported at an upper end by the travelling assembly while drilling is performed.
- the travelling assembly travels together with the drill string downward along the derrick.
- Temporary rig solutions of various kinds are known. However, not all sites are equally suited for installation of a rig and/or a derrick, and this can limit the type of rig and methods of installation at a particular site. Space can often be tight at candidate sites. This may particularly be so on existing structures such as a platform or the like at a well location. Space for accessing sites may also be tight, presenting challenges to the installation of derricks and/or rigs. Offshore locations can be particularly challenging due to harsh wind and wave conditions.
- a method of elevating at least one section of a derrick comprising the steps of:
- the section may comprise first and second sections of the derrick.
- the steps (a) to (e) may be performed to elevate the first section of the derrick.
- the method may further comprise any one or more of the following steps:
- the locking device is operative to automatically lock if the lifting device fails or if the lifting device is not being operated.
- the locking device is preferably active during movement of sections upward to provide locking if the lifting device fails without requiring further intervention from personnel (e.g. to activate the locking device).
- the section of the derrick can thus be held in place relative to the base structure. Lifting of sections for erection of the derrick can thus take place in a safe and secure manner.
- the locking device may preferably be arranged so that when active or operative during the movement upward of the section of the derrick, the locking device may permit upward movement but prevent downward movement, e.g.
- the locking device may have a profile or surface positioned or configured when active or operative so that the upward movement is allowed, while downward movement is substantially not allowed, e.g. by mechanically blocking the section from downward movement.
- the locking device may typically comprise a ratchet.
- the locking device and/or ratchet may typically be arranged in engagement with a portion of the section of derrick being moved upward on the path.
- the locking device may lock, e.g. automatically if the Sifting device fails, by an engaging profile or surface of the locking device being pushed or urged against said section of the derrick, e.g. a surface of a tooth of a tooth rack on said section of the derrick.
- a surface of the locking device may engage a surface of the section of the derrick or of the tooth rack, e.g. of a tooth thereof, to mechanically block movement downward of the section of the derrick.
- the locking device may permit upward movement while an engaging profile or surface of the locking device is biased or urged against, e.g. in engagement and contact with, said section of the derrick, or a surface or a tooth rack thereof, at the location of the locking device.
- the method may further comprise providing a top frame.
- the top frame may be moved upward by performing step (d).
- the lifting device may preferably comprise at least one hydraulic actuator.
- the hydraulic actuator may thus be operable using hydraulic fluid.
- the hydraulic actuator may comprise an actuator arm.
- the hydraulic fluid may be applied to move the actuator arm, e.g. in or out of an actuator housing.
- the lateral movement of the section may preferably be limited by at least one surface on either or both of the carrier and the base structure.
- the path may be provided through at least one gap in a deck within the base structure.
- the gap may have at !east one surface configured to limit lateral movement of the section at the gap.
- the path may be within a foot print of the base structure.
- the base structure may comprise an operations deck and a substructure below the operations deck.
- the locking device may preferably be mounted on the operations deck.
- the locking device may be mounted on a sub-deck, beiow the operations deck.
- the sub-deck may be provided with processing equipment such as shale-shaker equipment.
- the operations deck may be a drilling deck, which may comprise a drill floor.
- the section may comprise at feast one tooth rack.
- the locking device may be configured to engage with the tooth rack in order to lock the section to the base structure.
- the section may comprise at least one tooth rack and the lifting device may be configured to engage with the tooth rack to lift the section upward.
- the method may further comprise fastening, e.g. locking and/or securing, the carrier to the base structure.
- the carrier may be fastened by a locking pin.
- the section may comprise at least one column.
- the step of placing the section on the carrier may then comprise providing the column on the carrier in an upright, e.g. vertical, configuration.
- the step of moving the section upward may then comprise moving the column upward in the upright configuration.
- the method may be performed to elevate first sections and second sections of the derrick, e.g. in pairs.
- the first sections may comprise a first pair of sections and the second sections may comprise a second pair of sections.
- the steps (a) to (e) may be performed to elevate the first sections, e.g. as a pair.
- the first sections may then be elevated simultaneously and/or in parallel.
- the second sections e.g. as a pair, may then be elevated, for example simultaneously and/or in parallel.
- the method may further comprise any one or more of the steps: disconnecting the lifting device from the first sections; holding the first sections of the derrick in elevated position by the locking device on the base structure while the lifting device of the carrier may be disconnected from the first sections; moving the carrier away 8 from the base structure; providing the second sections on the carrier; connecting said lifting device to the second sections; re-positioning the carrier within the base structure to align the second sections below the respective first sections; moving the second sections of the derrick upward using the lifting device, whereby the second sections can move on paths adapted to limit lateral movement of the second sections; connecting the second sections to the first sections, respectively, the connected first and second sections being locked to the base structure against downward movement via the locking device; and moving the respective connected sections upward using the Sifting device, whereby the connected sections may be moved on paths adapted to limit lateral movement of the respective connected sections.
- the derrick may typically comprise a frame having upright side frames or columns, for instance two opposing upright, typically vertical, side frames or columns.
- the upright side frames or columns may be spaced apart.
- the frame of the derrick may further include a cross frame, typically comprising a horizontal beam, e.g. a top frame, which may be connected between the side frames or columns for bracing them.
- the section may comprise a side frame section of the derrick.
- the first sections may comprise opposite side frame sections, whereby the first sections may form part of the opposing sides of the frame of the derrick.
- the second sections may comprise opposite side frame sections, whereby the second sections may form part of the opposing sides of the frame of the derrick.
- the derrick may have a longitudinal axis.
- the longitudinal axis may extend longitudinally along the derrick between an upper end and a lower end of the derrick.
- the longitudinal axis may extend from a top end to a bottom end of the derrick.
- the longitudinal axis may preferably be vertical.
- the section may preferably be moved upward in parallel with the longitudinal axis.
- the path, gap and/or surface thereof may be adapted to limit movement of the section laterally, e.g. radially, with respect to the longitudinal axis.
- the section, or a portion, of the derrick being elevated may also have a longitudinal axis, which may be co-axial or parallel with the longitudinal axis of the derrick.
- the section or portion may preferably be moved upward in parallel with that axis of the section or portion.
- a method of elevating at least one section of a derrick comprising the steps of:
- At least one surface may be provided for supporting or stabilizing the section laterally, e.g. before, during and/or after movement upward.
- the section may be moved upward on a path comprising the surface.
- the surface may be a lateral surface.
- the surface may be provided by at least one gap, which may for example be a slot, cut-out, recess or the like.
- the surface may be configured to position or stabilize the section with respect to the base structure.
- the path may be a laterally confined path. Thus, the section may be free to move upward, but may not be free laterally.
- the gap may be configured to be spaced apart from the locking device, e.g. along the section or vertically.
- the gap may be spaced by a distance for stabilizing the section with respect to the base structure, and/or avoiding damage e.g. by imparted forces, e.g. moment forces, as may be expected during elevation of the sections.
- apparatus for elevating at least one section of a derrick comprising:
- a base structure comprising at least one locking device: and a carrier comprising at least one lifting device and being arranged to carry a section of the derrick thereupon, wherein the lifting device is configured to move said sec- tion of the derrick upward such that the section is moved on a path adapted to limit lateral movement of the section, the locking device being operable to lock said section relative to the base structure against movement downward.
- apparatus for elevating at least one section of a derrick comprising:
- a base structure comprising at least one locking device; and a carrier comprising at least one lifting device and being arranged to carry a section of the derrick thereupon, wherein the lifting device is configured to move said section of the derrick upward, the Socking device being operable to lock said section relative to the base structure against movement downward.
- a derrick comprising at least one section elevated by performing the method according to the first or second aspect, or by using the apparatus according to the third or fourth aspect.
- a rig comprising the derrick according to the sixth aspect.
- apparatus for installing the derrick according to the sixth aspect, or the rig according to the seventh aspect.
- a ninth aspect of the invention there is provided a method of lowering at least one section of a derrick elevated by performing the method according to the first or second aspect, or using the apparatus according to the third or fourth aspect, the method comprising the steps of:
- a method of disassembling a rig or a derrick by performing the method according to the ninth aspect is provided.
- a disassembled section of a rig or a derrick being disassembled by the method according to the tenth aspect.
- apparatus for disassembling the derrick according to the sixth aspect or the rig according to the seventh aspect is provided.
- a method of elevating at least one section of a derrick comprising the steps of:
- any of the aspects of the invention may include further features as described in relation to any other aspect, wherever described herein.
- Features described in one embodiment may be combined in other embodiments.
- a selected feature from a first embodiment that is compatible with the arrangement in a second embodiment may be employed, e.g. as an additional, alternative or optional feature, e.g. inserted or exchanged for a similar or like feature, in the second embodiment to perform (in the second embodiment) in the same or corresponding manner as it does in the first embodiment.
- Embodiments of the invention can be advantageous in various ways as will be apparent from throughout the specification.
- a controlled vertical movement of sections of the derrick can be obtained where sections are secured laterally and vertically during elevation, where a "safe position" for the sections being elevated can be achieved at all times, so as to satisfy regulatory requirements.
- embodiments can be advantageous in that elevation of sections of the derrick can take place with sections arranged in a consistent orientation, facilitating simple force vectors and predictable and calculable forces. Further advantages of embodiments include the ability for sections to be elevated without needing to perform complex lifts and without producing moments.
- the resuiting derrick may advantageously be formed by connected sections aligned for providing a frame for the derrick which is "tidy” and has a simple and predictable force distribution.
- Particular embodiments can provide versatility for meeting the challenges of different kinds of installation sites, e.g. easy installation in compliance with requirements, including where wells are "live” and/or "dead”. Description and drawings
- Figure 1 is a representation of a rig according to an embodiment of the invention
- Figures 2 to 5 are representations i!Sustrating the installation of lateral positioners in a method according to an embodiment of the invention
- Figures 6 to 9 are representations illustrating a substructure and sequential steps in the method whereby the substructure is installed;
- Figures 10 to 14 are representations illustrating a carrier and sequential steps in the method whereby sections of the derrick are prepared using the carrier;
- Figures 15 to 19 are representations illustrating further sequential steps in the method whereby a top part of the derrick and travelling assembly is assembled;
- Figures 20 to 22 are representations illustrating further sequential steps in the method whereby the upper part of the derrick is elevated;
- Figures 23 to 28 are representations illustrating further sequential steps in the method whereby further sections are added to the derrick.
- Figures 29 to 34 are representations illustrating further sequential steps in the method whereby various further components of the rig are installed.
- a rig 200 is depicted in the form of a drilling rig.
- the rig 200 is installed offshore at an installation site 1 on a platform.
- the rig 200 has a derrick 300 which is elevated above a base structure and locked in place.
- the base structure includes an operations deck in the form of a drilling deck 600 comprising a drill floor, and a substructure 500 below the drilling deck 600.
- the derrick 300 has a vertical longitudinal axis L and projects tower-like upward from the drill floor.
- the substructure 500 provides support for the rig 200 on the platform.
- the substructure 500 is movably mounted on the platform such that the rig 200 can be moved laterally in respective orthogonal directions for positioning the rig 200 appropriately, e.g.
- the rig 200 further includes apparatus comprising a carrier 700 equipped with lifting devices for elevating sections of the derrick 300 during installation of the rig 200.
- the rig 200 includes set-back apparatus 800 for storing drill pipe stands nearby the derrick 300, a cabin in the form of a driller's cabin 820 for allowing trained personnel to view and control operations on the drilling deck 600, supply apparatus 840 including mud tanks and pumps, pipe preparation apparatus 860 including drill pipe sections and a crane for lifting pipe sections onto a catwalk, and a control room 880 for operating a blow-out preventer (BOP),
- BOP blow-out preventer
- the installation of the rig 200, including the derrick 300, and a method of elevating sections of the derrick 300, will be described in the following.
- the derrick 300 is shown in Figure 1 ready for use, e.g. in an operation such as drilling, having been erected by elevating multiple sections of the derrick, including sections 301a, 301 b and 302a, 302b. These sections are connected and arranged end-to-end along the derrick 300.
- the derrick 300 has a first side comprising aligned columns along which tooth racks k, I and tooth racks m, n run continuously from the top to the base of the derrick, and a second side comprising columns along which tooth racks w, x and tooth racks y, z likewise run from the top to the base of the derrick.
- the columns are perpendicular to the drill floor, parallel with the longitudinal axis L of the derrick.
- tooth racks are built up from sectional tooth racks which are aligned with one another upon end-to-end connection of the sections.
- a travelling assembly 330 is coupled to the tooth racks k-n, w-z so as to be able to travel up and/or down along the derrick from one section to another on the tooth racks k-n, w-z. .
- the base structure has a movable base upon which the substructure 500 is provided.
- the movable base includes a first lateral positioner 10 (see Figure 4) for positioning the rig 200 laterally along skid beams 9a, 9b at the installation location 1 for the rig 200.
- the skid beams 9a, 9b run in parallel on a foundation structure 7 of the host platform, with various well slots 8 in different lateral positions extending through the foundation structure 7 for access below the platform.
- Supports 11a, 11b are provided on the skid beams 9a, 9b.
- the supports 11a, 11b are engagabie with actuators 12a, 12b so that the supports 11a, 11b can be moved along the skid beams 9a, 9b by operating the actuators 12a, 12b.
- Grippers (not shown) may also be provided to hold the supports 11a, 11 b in place on the skid beams 9a, 9b once positioned.
- the supports 11a, 11b are provided with connectors 13a, 13b, and supporting beams 14 are fitted to respective pairs of the connectors 13a, 13b.
- the beams 14 bridge a gap between the supports 11a, 11b and are fixed to the connectors 13a, 13b, e.g. by bolts or other fasteners. The gap is dependent upon the gauge between skid beams 9a, 9b.
- the beams 14 can be easily and advantageously be adapted for installations with different gauges between skid beams while utilizing the same connectors 13a, 13b and/or supports 11a, 11b.
- the beams 14, and indeed the first lateral positioner 10 as a whole, are dimensioned to be able to withstand and bear the total weight of the rig 200 on the foundation structure 7 once installed.
- the first lateral positioner 10 is movable as one along the skid beams 9a, 9b in order to obtain different lateral positions.
- the movable base includes a second lateral positioner 20 which is provided upon the first lateral positioner 10 in order to allow the rig 200 to be positioned laterally across the skid beams 9a, 9b.
- the second lateral positioner 20 and the first lateral positioner 10 can move laterally in mutually orthogonal directions.
- the fsrst and second lateral positioners 10, 20 allow the rig 200 to be moved in orthogonal directions laterally.
- the second lateral positioner 200 has supports 21a, 21 b on respective beams 14, and actuators 22a, 22b which are operable to move the supports 21a, 21b slidingiy along the beams 14.
- Grippers (not shown) may be provided to hold the second lateral positioner 20 in position relative to the first lateral positioner 10.
- FIG. 6 a first part of the substructure 500 in the form of a first box frame 510 is provided on the supports 21a, 21b of the second lateral positioner 20, and connected thereto by suitable fasteners.
- the first box frame 20 is lowered as a unit into position.
- the first box frame 510 has four comer columns 511a-d, and cross-bracing 512a-c between the columns on three of the sides of the first box frame 510.
- an access opening 514 is provided for allowing access to the inside of the substructure 500 for inserting sections of the derrick in order to elevate the derrick, as will be further explained below.
- the access opening 514 is defined on the fourth side of the frame between adjacent corner columns 511a, 511d and top bracing 513t.
- a second, upper part of the substructure 500 In the form of a second box frame 520 is provided on top of the first box frame 510, by lowering it as a unit into position, and is connected thereto by suitable fasteners.
- the second box frame 520 has corner columns 531 a-d with cross-bracing 532 therebetween.
- the corner columns 531 a-d of the second box frame 520 are aligned with the corner columns of 511 a-d of the first column, which are in turn aligned with respective members on supports 21a, 21b of the second lateral positioner 20.
- Vertical force components can thus be accommodated and transmitted through the columns 511 a-d, 531 a-d, onto the skid beams 9a, 9b, and distributed into the structure of the platform below.
- a sub-deck 540 is provided on, e.g. lowered onto, the second box frame 520, at the base of the second box frame 520.
- the sub-deck 540 includes equipment 550 for processing drilling fluid and cuttings returning to the rig from the wellbore.
- the equipment 550 includes for example shale shakers and associated equipment.
- Cut-outs 544a, 544b in the sub-deck 540 provide slots through which sections of the derrick 300 can pass to elevate the sections. Side surfaces 545a, 545b in the respective slots restrict lateral movement of sections of the derrick as they pass on a path upward through the slots. In this way, the cut-outs 544a, 544b can be configured to give the sections little or no freedom of movement laterally.
- the cut-outs are sized to closely match the dimensions of the sections.
- a drilling deck 600 is provided on top of the second box frame 520 of the substructure 500.
- the drilling deck 600 is lowered into this position.
- the drilling deck 600 is provided with slots 604a, 604b therethrough.
- the drilling deck 600 includes a drill floor 601f. Sections of the derrick can be moved through the slots 604a, 604b to elevate the sections above the drilling deck 600, as will be explained further below.
- the slots 604a, 604b have side surfaces 605a, 605b which act to restrict lateral movement of the sections as they pass upward through the slots 604a, 604b. In this way, the slots 604a, 604b can also be configured to give the sections little or no freedom of movement laterally.
- the slots are sized to closely match the dimensions of the sections.
- the slots 604a, 604b in the drilling deck 600 are aligned correspondingly with the slots of the cutouts 544a, 544b in the sub-deck 540 below.
- the sections of the derrick are moved on respective paths through the cut-out 544a and slot 604a and through the cutout 544b and slot 605b.
- the slots 604a, 604b and cut-outs 544a, 544b and side surfaces 545a, 545b and 605a, 605b restricting lateral movement at both the level of the sub-deck 540 and the drilling deck 600, moment arms along the sections are limited.
- moment forces such as may occur due to movements of the sea or other externa!
- the sections of the derrick can be kept securely positioned on the path whilst being elevated.
- Four pairs of locking devices S1Gk-n, 810w-z are installed on the drilling deck 600 for engaging with sections of the derrick as the sections are raised upward through the slots 604a, 804b.
- the locking devices 810k-n, 610w-z are configured to allow upward movement of the sections whilst preventing movement downward, as will be described in further detail below.
- a carrier 700 is provided on the first lateral positioner 10. More specifically, the carrier 700 is coupled to a track 24 on the first lateral positioner 10 that runs parallel along the beams 14 of the first lateral positioner 10.
- the carrier 700 is movab!y mounted to the track 24 so as to be movable relative to the beams 14.
- the carrier 700 is movable laterally toward and away from the substructure 500. In particular, the carrier 700 is movable through the access opening 514 into the substructure 500.
- the carrier 700 comprises a frame having four corner columns 711 a-d, supported by a bracing sub-frame 712 positioned centrally for bracing the columns 711a-d.
- Hydraulic actuators 718a-d are provided on respective corner columns 71 1a-d, each of the hydraulic actuators 718a-d having one end fixed to the relevant column and a movable extender arm arranged to extend the reach of the actuator upward. As will be shown, ends of the extender arms are configured to attach to sections of the derrick so as allow the sections of the derrick to be driven and moved upwards by operating the hydraulic actuators 718a-d.
- the frame includes surfaces 719a-d upon which a section of the derrick can stand when inserted onto the carrier 700, and members 717a-d providing surfaces at upper ends of the corner columns 71 1a-d for preventing movement of the section laterally.
- the members 717a-d may also help to guide the sections downward into location on the carrier 700 by way of angled guiding surfaces.
- first sections 301a. 301 b of the derrick 300 are being placed on the carrier 700.
- the first sections 301a, 301 b may for example be lowered using a crane, onto the carrier 700.
- the sections 301a, 301 b are arranged in upright position on the carrier 700, so as to be aligned in their "in use” orientation, such that when the derrick is erected for use in an operation, e.g. drilling or another operation in the well, the sections 301a, 301b have the same orientation in the erected derrick. Indeed, as will be seen, this "in use" orientation is maintained throughout the process of elevating the derrick. No rotation of the sections 301a, 301 b is needed.
- the first sections 301a, 301b are configured to provide opposing side sections in the derrick 300 when installed.
- the first sections 301a, 301 b are lowered so that the lower end of the section 301a rests against the surfaces 719b, 719c and the lower end of the section 301b rests against the surfaces 719a, 719d.
- the first sections 301a, 301b are secured in place on the carrier 700 by locking the extender arms of the hydraulic actuators 718a-d onto the first sections 301a, 301 b.
- the first sections 301a, 301 b each comprise two columns along which tooth racks extend.
- the section 301a has a first column comprising tooth racks 310k, 3101, and a second column comprising tooth racks 310m, 31 On.
- the section 301b has a first column comprising tooth racks 31 Ow, 31 Ox, and a second column comprising tooth racks 31 Oy, 31 Qz.
- the tooth racks 310k-n and 310 w-z run continuously from the top to the bottom of the relevant columns, and are used for running a travelling assembly downward and upward in the derrick once erected, for example to facilitate insertion into and removal of a drill string from a wellbore when the rig is in use.
- tooth racks 310k-n, 310w-z are also utilized in the installation of the rig 200 as will be apparent in the following, in particular, as is seen in Figure 12, some of the tooth racks 310k-n, 310w-z are used in order to lock and secure the first sections 301a, 301 b in place upon the carrier 700.
- an extender arm 720c of the actuator 718c has an engaging device 721a which is operable by a hydraulic locking actuator 722c.
- the arm 720c is locked onto the section 301a by activating the hydraulic locking actuator 722c.
- the engaging device 721c is then urged by the hydraulic locking actuator 722c against a portion of the tooth rack 310k of the section 301a.
- the engaging device 721c has a surface which is profiled comprising teeth to complementarily engage with the teeth in the tooth rack 310k, so that the extender arm 720c is locked onto the section 301a and movement between the extender arm 720c and the section 301a is prevented.
- the extender arm is 720c is further provided with a bracket 723c which is slidabie in a track along the corner column 711c for keeping the end of the extender arm 720c aligned.
- the corner columns 711a-d of the carrier 700 are also provided with hydraulically operable pins 725a-d (see Figure 10) for locking the carrier 700 to the substructure 500 when inserted therein.
- the hydraulically operable pins 725a-d can be retracted for insertion of the carrier 700 or extended (as illustrated by pin 725d in Figure 12) to engage with complementary sockets or recesses in the framework of the substructure 500 for locking the carrier 700 in place.
- the carrier 700 is moved into the substructure 500 through the access opening 514, and the hydraulically operable pins 725a-d are engaged as explained above to lock the carrier 700 to the substructure 500.
- the first sections 301 , 301b are arranged in an upright position and are aligned underneath the slots 604a, 604b, and underneath the cut-outs 544a, 544b, so as to be ready to be moved on a path upward from the carrier through the cutouts 544a, 544b and the slots 604a, 604b upon operating the hydraulic actuators 718a-d on the carrier 700.
- the engagement of the hydraulically operable pin 725d in a recess of the framework of the substructure 500 is illustrated after hydraulic activation of the pin 725d.
- first upper sections 321a, 321b are lowered into the substructure 500 from above.
- the first upper sections 321a, 321b are lowered through the cutouts 544a, 544b and the slots 604a, 604b, into the position as shown and are connected with the first sections 301a, 301 , by suitable fasteners such as bolts, or another suitable fastener.
- second upper sections 322a-d are connected on top of the first upper sections 321a, 321b which protrude upward slightly from the drilling deck 600.
- the respective second upper sections 322a-d each comprises a column which is aligned on top of a corresponding column in the structure of the first upper sections 321a, 321b.
- a travelling assembly 330 is installed.
- the travelling assembly 330 is connected onto the second upper sections 322a-d.
- the travelling assembly 330 has a first movable carriage 331a connected to respective tooth racks running along the columns of two of the upper assembly sections 322c, 322d, and a second movable carriage 331b connected via gear wheels to tooth racks running along the columns of the other two upper assembly sections 322a, 322b,
- the carriages 331 a, 331 b are motorized by electric 5 motors to turn the gear wheels which engage with the tooth racks so as to be movable up and down the tooth racks of the second upper sections 322a-d (and those of connected sections below).
- a connecting frame 333 of the travelling assembly 330 is provided on the first and second movable carriages 331a, 331 and connected thereto.
- the first and second movable carriages 331 a, 331 b and the connecting frame io 333 are coupled as one, such that the travelling assembly as a unit can move up and down in the derrick along the tooth racks k-n, w-z by operation of motors on the first and second carriages 331 a, 331 b.
- a third upper section in the form of a top frame 323 of the derrick 15 300 is mounted on the second upper sections 322a ⁇ d, and connected by suitable fasteners such as bolts or any other suitable kind of fastener.
- the top frame 323 is lowered into position.
- the top frame 323 bridges the gaps between the second upper sections 322a-d for bracing those sections 322a-d, and the sections below to which the sections 322a-d are connected, in position.
- FIG. 20 further illustrates the procedure.
- the locking devices 610k-n, 810w-z on the drilling deck 600 are activated to en- 5 gage with the first portion 300a of the derrick to be elevated.
- the configuration of the locking devices 610k-n, 810w-z can be seen in closer detail in Figure 20 which illustrates in particular the pair of locking devices 610y, 610z.
- the locking device 810y is arranged to engage with the "y" tooth rack formed by the columnar alignment of sectional tooth racks 321 y, 322y on the respective sections 321 b, 322a and tooth rack 31 Oy on section o 301 b (not visible in Figure 20).
- the locking device 610 ⁇ is arranged to engage with the "z" tooth rack formed by the columnar alignment of sectional tooth racks 322z, 321z on sections 321 b, 322a and tooth rack 310z on section 301 b (not visible in Figure 20).
- the locking devices 81 Oy, 81 Oz have respective engaging profiles 613y, 613z comprising teeth which are arranged to contact against surfaces of the teeth on the y and z5 tooth racks.
- the locking devices 61 Oy, 61 Oz include biasing devices in the form of springs 614y, 614z for urging the engaging profiles 613y, 613z against the y and z tooth racks.
- the springs 614y, 614z are mounted on hydraulic actuators 611y, 611z.
- the hydraulic actuators 611y, 611z include actuator arms 615y, 615z extending from respective cylinder housings 616y, 616z. More specifically, the springs 614y, 614z are provided on the actuator arms 6 5y, 6 5z and respectively act between a shoulder of the housing and an end of the arm.
- the ends of the actuator arms 615y, 615z are pivotal- iy coupled to the locking profiles 613y, 613z.
- the actuators 611y, 61 1z, in particular the cylinder housings 616y, 616z thereof, are mounted to the drilling deck 600 via a bracket 612y, 612z.
- the engaging profiles 613y, 613z are pivotally movable relative to the bracket 612y, 612z allowing the engaging profiles to accommodate movement upward whilst being secured against movement downward by the springs 614y, 614z, urging the engaging profiles 613y, 613z toward the y and z tooth racks, as indicated by the arrows K.
- the hydraulic actuators 611y, 61 1z can be operated for releasing the locking device by application of hydraulic fluid in the housings 616y ( 616z.
- the engaging profiles 613y, 613z are pivoted in the opposite sense to the arrows K, by the piston arms 616y, 616z retracting into the housing and potiing against the bias of the springs 614y, 614z to compress them.
- This functionality is used for lowering the derrick under disassembly, as will be described further below.
- the Socking devices 61 Oy, 61 Oz interlock with the tooth racks such that the sections of the derrick upon which the tooth racks are mounted cannot move downwards.
- the first portion 300a of the derrick is secured against movement downward by the locking devices.
- the locking devices 610y, 61 Oz still permit upward movement.
- the locking devices 61 Oy, 61 Oz when activated act as ratchets in this respect.
- the springs 614y, 614z bias the engaging profiles 613y, 613z against the tooth racks.
- the profiles 613y. 613z abut tooth surfaces on the y and z tooth racks so as to mechanically block the tooth rack against movement downward by downward components of force, and so that the tooth rack is unblocked by movement upward when applying upward components of feree.
- the profiles 613y, 613z of the locking devices 61 Oy, 61 Oz are biased so as to automatically lock the tooth racks at each tooth along the tooth rack, by operation of the springs 614y, 614z.
- the other locking devices are configured to operate correspondingly,
- the first portion 300a of the derrick is elevated by activating the hydraulic actuators 718a-d on the carrier 700,
- the hydraulic actuators 718a-d drive the first portion 300a upward as indicated by the arrow A, by extending the extender arms 720a-d, the extender arms 720a-d being attached to the first sections 301a, 301b, as described above.
- the first portion 300a has been moved upward into an ele- vated position. All of the locking devices 610k-n, 810w-z are activated and now in engagement with the tooth racks on the first sections 301a, 301b so as to lock the elevated first portion 300a of the derrick against movement downward.
- the first sections 301a, 301b are restricted from movement laterally by surfaces in the slots 604a, 604b and the cut-outs 544a, 544b.
- the hydraulic actuators 718a-d additionally support and lock the first portion of the derrick 300a at the lower end.
- the frame of the carrier 700 is also configured to provide lateral support, in practice, the stroke lengths of the hydraulic actuators 718a-d are limited such that in order to lift the first sections 301a, 301b into the elevated position as shown in Figure 22, the hydraulic actuators 718a-d are used multiple times to lift the sections upwards. Typically, three strokes are needed.
- the extender arms 720a-d of the hydraulic actuators 718a-d When the extend- er arms 720a-d of the hydraulic actuators 718a-d have been extended to full stroke, the extender arms 720a-d are disconnected from the first sections 301a, 301b, and are retracted and re-connected lower down along the columns of the first sections 301a, 301b.
- the first sections 301a, 301b, and indeed the first portion 300a of the derrick as a whole, are held in position by the locking devices 610k-n, 810w-z, which remain locked and act to prevent downward movement of the first portion 300a of the derrick.
- the first sections 301a, 301b are laterally supported and restricted from movement laterally by surfaces in the slots 604a, 604b and the cutouts 544a, 544b.
- the first portion 300a is thus held in a stable position.
- the locking de- vices 610k-n, 610w-z, the slots 604a, 604b, and the cut-outs 544a act at positions which are spaced apart along the first portion 300a of the derrick for helping to stabilize the elevated first portion 300a, In particular, space constraints laterally upon the sections 301a, 301b at the slots 604a, 804b and the cut-outs 544a, 544b facilitate stabilization and alignment of the sections 301a, 301b and the first portion 300a of the derrick. According- ly, moment forces or moments which could otherwise be damaging to the structure are not allowed to develop.
- the hydraulic actuators 718a-d of the carrier 700 are applied to perform another stroke, moving the first sections 301 a, 301 b, and the first portion 300a of the derrick, a further distance upward.
- Figures 21 and 22 indicate that the travelling assembly 330 is held in place on the sections 322a-d and is elevated by virtue of moving the first portion 300a of the derrick upward, the travelling assembly 330 may in other variants remain at the drilling deck 600 while the rest of the first portion 300a is moved upward. The travelling assembly 330 may then be driven up to the top of the derrick 300 in a separate step.
- two further sections 302a, 302b are lowered onto the carrier 700 and the extender arms of the actuators 718a-d are connected to the further sections 302a, 302b in the same way as for the first sections 301 a, 301 b as described above.
- the further sections 302a, 302b are identical to the first sections 301 a, 301 b.
- the engaging members on the extender arms of the actuators 718b, 718c grip onto tooth racks 320k, 320n respectively
- the engaging members on the arms of the actuators 718a, 718d grip onto the tooth racks 320z, 320w respectively.
- the carrier 700 With the further sections 302a, 302b secured on the carrier 700, the carrier 700 is moved back into the substructure 500 through the access opening 514 as indicated by arrow I, to align the further sections 302a, 302b with the first sections 301a, 301 b, as seen in Figure 25. in Figure 26, the carrier 700 is locked to the substructure 500 to keep it positioned therein, ready for lifting the further sections 302a, 302b.
- the further sections 302a, 302b are arranged below the first sections 301 a, 301 b respectively.
- the further sections 302a, 302b are raised up a short distance until upper ends of the further sections 302a, 302b meet lower ends of the first sections 301 a, 301 b.
- the ends are coupled together to connect the further sections 302a, 302b to the first sections 301a, 301 b and fastened e.g. by suitable fasteners such as bolts or any other suitable fastener.
- suitable fasteners such as bolts or any other suitable fastener.
- the extended, second portion 300b of the derrick with the further sections 302a, 302b in- corporaied is driven upward by operating the hydraulic lifting actuators 718a-d on the carrier 700.
- multiple strokes of the hydraulic actuators 718a-d, requiring disconnection and reconnection of the extender arms to the further sections 302a, 302b are used to lift the extended, second portion 300b of the derrick upward on the path through the slots 604a, 804b and cut-outs 544a, 544b, whereby lateral movement is limited, for keeping the second portion 300b stable, e.g. in the event of disruptive forces.
- the locking devices 610k ⁇ n. 61Qw-z are operated to engage with the tooth racks to lock the extended, second portion 300b of the derrick against movement downward as it is moved upward, and to hold the extended, second portion 300b of the derrick securely in position during disconnection.
- first sections 301a, 301 b and further sections 302a, 302b form side sections in the frame of the derrick, and can be added as described until a required or desired height is reached, ready for drilling operations.
- the yet further sections can be configured in the same way as the first sections 301a, 301b and the further sections 302a, 302b, whereby they provide parts of the sides of the frame of the derrick.
- the resulting derrick 300 as seen in Figure 1 provides a straightforward and solid inverted U-frame with columnar sides braced and stiffened by the orthogonal top frame.
- the frame of the derrick is securely fastened and locked to the base structure at the drilling deck 800 by virtue of the locking devices 810k-n, 610w-z which engage the tooth racks.
- the "in use" orientation of first sections 301a, 301b, further sections 302a 302b or yet further sections is maintained throughout, e.g. before, during and after the movements upward (and/or downward in the case of disassembly and lowering as further described below) of those sections and/or the portions 300a, 300b of the derrick.
- the movements upward (and/or downward) are parallel with the longitudinal axis L.
- control room 880 is provided on first protruding supports 24a, 24b of the second lateral positioner 20, so as to be positioned on the outside of the first box frame 510 of the substructure 500.
- An access stairway 640 is provided between the drilling deck 600 and the sub-deck 540, on the outside of the second box frame 520 of the substructure 500.
- the carrier 700 is positioned within the substructure (by insertion via the passageway) with the BOP supported on the carrier 700.
- the set-back apparatus 800 is installed.
- the set-back apparatus 800 is supported on second protruding supports 25a, 25b of the second lateral positioner 20, on the outside of the first and second box frames 510, 520 and of the drilling deck 600.
- the setback apparatus 800 contains drill pipe stands 801 in upright orientation with lower ends of 5 the stands 801 positioned beiow the drilling deck 600 in the lower part of the substructure 500, and upper ends of the stands 801 above the drilling deck 600 for facilitating access and placement in the derrick when adding the stands 801 to a drill string or removing the stands therefrom.
- support forks 16a, 16b are connected onto the first lateral positioner 10, followed by a framework 17 comprising beams and cross beams between the forks 18a, 16b, as seen in Figure 32.
- the supply apparatus 840 is installed.
- the supply apparatus 840 15 includes mud tanks 841 in individual frames that are lowered into place on the framework 17.
- a storage facility 850 is installed above the supply apparatus 840 including a storage deck 851 for containers or the like, and a deck-supporting frame 852 for supporting the storage deck 851 on the frame work 17 of the lower lateral positioner 10.
- the deck- supporting frame 852 is installed around the supply apparatus 840.
- the storage deck 20 852 is then lowered as a unit onto the frame 852 and connected.
- a pipe preparation deck 854 is arranged above the storage deck 852, and is supported by a further frame 853 installed on the storage deck. The pipe preparation deck 854 is lowered onto the frame 853 and connected. Thereafter, pipe preparation apparatus 860 is
- the pipe preparation apparatus 860 includes racks 861 for storing sections of drill pipe in a horizontal orientation and a crane 862 for maneuvering the pipe sections as required.
- the pipe preparation deck 854 is connected to the drilling deck 600 by a cat-walk by which sections of drill pipe from the racks 861 may be transported onto the drilling deck 600 for use in operations. Stairways 855 are
- the derrick 300 can readily be installed in an alternative configuration in which the derrick 300 is rotated laterally (i.e. about a vertical axis) with respect to the 35 base structure. This can be done by placing the second box frame 520 of the substructure 500 onto the first box frame 510 in an orientation whereby the second box frame 520 is rotated laterally by 90 degrees from that shown in for example Figure 7.
- the sub deck 540 and drilling deck 600 are then added in a correspondingly rotated fashion. Accordingly, the slots and cutouts in the drilling deck 800 and sub deck 540 are provided along the other two sides of the substructure 500.
- the carrier 700, and/or the frame thereof, is likewise rotated 90 degrees laterally so that the sections of the derrick on the carrier are rotated to align with the slots and cutouts.
- the frame 712 may for example be disconnected from a base part of the carrier 700 and turned 90 degrees.
- the steps for installing the rig and elevating the derrick as illustrated through Figures 1 to 34 can be reversed, although in order to lower the derrick and/or sections thereof, the Socking devices 610k-n, 610w-z and hydraulic actuators 718a-d of the carrier 700 are applied somewhat differently.
- the hydraulic actuators 611y, 611z in the locking devices 610y, 610z can be controlled against the springs 814y, 814z to move the locking profiles 813y, 813z away from the tooth racks to allow movement downward.
- the portion of the derrick being lowered, and or sections thereof, e.g. the first sections 301a, 301b or the further sections 302a, 302b, are supported by the hydraulic actuators 718a-d, and the hydraulic actuators 718a-d are operated to control the downward movement, e.g. at a suitable rate.
- the hydraulic actuators 611y, 611z of the locking devices 61 Oy, 61 Oz can disengage such that the springs 614y, 614z bias the locking profiles 613y, 613z into the y and z tooth racks to lock and secure the sections in a safe position.
- the locking devices 610k-n, 610w, 610x may operate correspondingly.
- an additional independent safety locking device (not shown) may be employed, e.g. at the drilling deck 600, which can automatically prevent uncontrolled downward movement of sections of the derrick.
- the rig could in other cases be an onshore rig.
- the described platform could be a fixed or floating platform.
- the rig is described as a drilling rig the techniques described can equally be applied for any kind of rig.
- the derrick may be applied for operations such as casing, well intervention, workover, plug and abandonment, or other operations.
- the rig can be readily fitted with auxiliary equipment, e.g. on the operations deck in order to support such operations.
- the Socking devices 810k-n, 610w-z and provision of slots 804a, 604b and cut-outs 544a, 544b preventing downward and lateral movement while allowing movement of the sections of the derrick upward during elevation provides for a safe and secure procedure for installing the derrick.
- Hydraulic actuators 718a-d on the carrier 700 can facilitate a controlled elevation and lowering of sections of the derrick. Utilization of tooth racks for connecting the hydraulic actuators 718a-d to the sections of the derrick, and for locking the sections using the locking devices 610k-n, 610w-z at the drilling deck can reduce the need for installing auxiliary structures to lock off the sections against the base structure during the installation.
- a framed derrick 300 can be efficiently installed facilitated for example by the side sections of the derrick in pairs.
- the techniques described involve an installation from modules which individually are limited in weight such that handling using light-weight lifting equipment is facilitated.
- the size of modules is limited to allow a substantial part of the installation to take place within the foot print of the base structure, allowing efficiencies in the use of space. Indeed, elevation of sections of the derrick can take on a path within the foot print of the installed rig, the substructure, and the drilling deck. Sections for the derrick can advantageously be prepared in a "ready to go" upright configuration on the carrier, away from the substructure.
- Positioning sections on the carrier and elevating sections in their "in use" orientation so that they have the same orientation as they do when the derrick is erected, with columns parallel with the longitudinal axis L, can also be advantageous in terms of efficiency and use of space.
- two carriers may be provided with one carrier loaded with further sections whilst the other is inserted in the substructure for lifting sections of the derrick upward.
- the derrick using these installation techniques can reduce need for complex Sifts, and can be suited to sites with producing wells without needing to close them down during installation.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB1801941.4A GB2557082A (en) | 2015-07-07 | 2016-07-07 | Method of elevating a section of a derrick, related lowering, and apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NO20150881A NO341131B1 (en) | 2015-07-07 | 2015-07-07 | A method of elevating a section of a derrick and related apparatus |
NO20150881 | 2015-07-07 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2017007338A1 true WO2017007338A1 (en) | 2017-01-12 |
Family
ID=56555693
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/NO2016/050154 WO2017007338A1 (en) | 2015-07-07 | 2016-07-07 | Method of elevating a section of a derrick, related lowering, and apparatus |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
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GB (1) | GB2557082A (en) |
NO (1) | NO341131B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2017007338A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108756437A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-11-06 | 江苏省江建集团有限公司 | A kind of construction technology of high-altitude large size assembling shape steel member |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1360131A (en) * | 1916-03-28 | 1920-11-23 | Axel N Miller | Scaffold |
US4329088A (en) * | 1978-04-24 | 1982-05-11 | Marine Engineering Company, C.A. | Tilt-up/jack-up off-shore drilling apparatus and method |
US20030213647A1 (en) * | 2002-05-20 | 2003-11-20 | Andre St-Germain | Removable tower sleeve |
US20140259985A1 (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2014-09-18 | Nabors Drilling International Limited | Self-elevating mast employing actuators |
US20140260076A1 (en) * | 2013-03-12 | 2014-09-18 | Konecranes Plc | Jacking tower |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5490364A (en) * | 1994-08-30 | 1996-02-13 | Dreco, Inc. | Telescopic flare pipe tower |
US8646240B1 (en) * | 2010-09-07 | 2014-02-11 | NRG Manufacturing | Method and apparatus for forming a mast assembly |
-
2015
- 2015-07-07 NO NO20150881A patent/NO341131B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2016
- 2016-07-07 WO PCT/NO2016/050154 patent/WO2017007338A1/en active Application Filing
- 2016-07-07 GB GB1801941.4A patent/GB2557082A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1360131A (en) * | 1916-03-28 | 1920-11-23 | Axel N Miller | Scaffold |
US4329088A (en) * | 1978-04-24 | 1982-05-11 | Marine Engineering Company, C.A. | Tilt-up/jack-up off-shore drilling apparatus and method |
US20030213647A1 (en) * | 2002-05-20 | 2003-11-20 | Andre St-Germain | Removable tower sleeve |
US20140260076A1 (en) * | 2013-03-12 | 2014-09-18 | Konecranes Plc | Jacking tower |
US20140259985A1 (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2014-09-18 | Nabors Drilling International Limited | Self-elevating mast employing actuators |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108756437A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-11-06 | 江苏省江建集团有限公司 | A kind of construction technology of high-altitude large size assembling shape steel member |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB201801941D0 (en) | 2018-03-21 |
NO341131B1 (en) | 2017-08-28 |
NO20150881A1 (en) | 2017-01-09 |
GB2557082A (en) | 2018-06-13 |
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