WO2016207450A1 - System and method for the detection of ferrous material in a batch of stones - Google Patents

System and method for the detection of ferrous material in a batch of stones Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016207450A1
WO2016207450A1 PCT/ES2015/070488 ES2015070488W WO2016207450A1 WO 2016207450 A1 WO2016207450 A1 WO 2016207450A1 ES 2015070488 W ES2015070488 W ES 2015070488W WO 2016207450 A1 WO2016207450 A1 WO 2016207450A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rocks
detection
receiving device
container
batch
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2015/070488
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Iñigo SEGURA DÍAZ DE ESPADA
Jorge MARTIN CARBAJOSA
Carlos BERNARDO GONZÁLEZ
José Luis MORENO DE CASTRO
Daniel MORÍÑIGO SOTELO
Original Assignee
Fundacion Cidaut
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fundacion Cidaut filed Critical Fundacion Cidaut
Priority to PCT/ES2015/070488 priority Critical patent/WO2016207450A1/en
Publication of WO2016207450A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016207450A1/en

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03CMAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/04Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with the material carriers in the form of trays or with tables
    • B03C1/08Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with the material carriers in the form of trays or with tables with non-movable magnets

Definitions

  • the present invention encompasses in the field the detection of ferrous, metallic material in rocks
  • the technical field of the invention is that of an installation for the detection of ferrous material in a batch of rocks that includes means for detecting ferrous material and the method of using said installation.
  • Patents FR2746510, US3702133 and US3588686 are known which expose conveyor belts with detection means such as tunnel-shaped arches. That is why there is a need for a detection of material of ferrous origin that does not take into account the transport of the same before the arrival to a team using conveyor belt systems.
  • the object of the invention is an installation for the detection of ferrous material in a batch of rocks that avoids the use of tape systems
  • lot refers to a set of similar elements, as cited its usual meaning.
  • rock lot it refers to a set of stones of any size, however it is usual to have a heterogeneous material composed of small, medium and large rocks. The installation is very suitable for lots that include large rocks, such as those expressed in claim 9.
  • the ferrous material in the rock lot is located between the rocks and outside them distributed by the lot, such as pieces of fence wire, digging shovel nails, etc.
  • Another advantage is the high reliability of the installation in the detection of ferrous materials derived from the use of highly reliable and existing detection means.
  • embossing and protection means protects the detection arc against impacts of the rocks and helps to drive them towards the arch.
  • the option of claim 4 of the insulating means prevents false detections and prevents vibrations from being transmitted to the arcs with the risk of bad detection or breakdown of the coils.
  • Figure 1 represents a perspective view of a receiving device with the top loading opening.
  • Figure 2 represents a perspective view of a receiving device with the upper and anterior loading opening.
  • Figure 3 represents a perspective view of a receiving device with the upper loading opening and lifting / lowering means in its part closest to the detection means.
  • Figure 4 represents a perspective view of the receiving device of Figure 3 but with the lifting / lowering means in its part furthest from the detection means.
  • Figure 5 represents a perspective view of a receiving device with the top loading opening and the detection means with two discharge openings or two tunnel-shaped arches.
  • Figure 6 represents a perspective view of a receiving device such as that of Figure 5 and with embossing and protection means.
  • Figure 7 represents a perspective view of a receiving device like that of Figure 5 and with insulating means.
  • Figure 8A represents an installation with a receiving device like that of Figure 5 and two ramps as conduction means.
  • Figure 8B shows the alternative of replacing the ramps with tapes
  • Figure 9 represents an installation with a receiving device like that of Figure 5 and with paths for access of a vehicle.
  • Figure 10 represents a schematic of the
  • Figure 11 represents a scheme of
  • Figures 1 to 9 show an installation for the detection of ferrous material in a batch of rocks (1), comprising means for detecting ferrous material (2.2) comprising at least one coil (2.22), shown with dotted lines In Figure 2, you can create an electromagnetic field for the detection of ferrous material.
  • the installation further comprises a receiving device (2) comprising a container (2.1) which at its It also includes a loading opening (2.11) through which rocks (1) can be introduced.
  • a receiving device (2) comprising a container (2.1) which at its It also includes a loading opening (2.11) through which rocks (1) can be introduced.
  • (2.11) can be placed in any way, for example in Figure 1 it is shown that it is the upper face of the container (2.1), while in Figure 2 it is the anterior wall of the container (2.1) and a small portion of the higher.
  • the container (2.1) also comprises a base
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show the simplest configurations in which the floor on which the receiving device (2) sits is sufficiently inclined so that the rocks (1) run inside by the action of gravity.
  • Pushing means could be used alternatively, not included in the invention, or in addition, not shown in the figures, to make the rocks (1) run through the receiving device (2).
  • the detection means (2.2) are at least one closed arc forming a tunnel, in this way a robust arc structure is achieved by being closed and having a greater surface than an arc. Open allows the inclusion of more coils (2.22), therefore, greater detection field.
  • An advantageous option is to have two arcs (2.2) aligned as shown in figures 5 to 9; A measure that works optimally is of arches (2.2) of width 3 m and height 1.5 m each.
  • embossing and protection means (3) are arranged so that it helps to drive the rocks (1) towards the arch (2.2) and it is protected against rock impacts (1).
  • the receiving device (2) comprises lifting / lowering means (5) so that it can be passed that the loading opening (2.11) is at same level as the discharge (2.21) to that of the load (2.11) Be taller and vice versa.
  • Said means (5) can be placed both in the part closest to the arc (2.2), figures 3, 5, 8A and 9, and in the furthest part, figure 4.
  • the mentioned means (5) allow to regulate the flow of material , rock flow (1), through the receiving device (2) as well as choosing at what time the rocks (1) run through it, as explained in the
  • the lifting / lowering means (5) comprise a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder.
  • Conveyor, figure 8B, for transporting rocks (1) to a crusher (7) can also be a roller train, not shown in the figures. You can put as many driving means (6) as desired, for example in the figures two driving means (6) are placed, one for each arc (2.2). In the media of
  • conduit (6) can be added a trapdoor (6.1), figures 8A, 8B and 11, which can be moved to unload the rocks (1).
  • the trapdoor (6.1) has activation and movement means of the known, such as a detector connected to the arc coils (2.2) that activate a motor that makes the trapdoor (6.1) move.
  • the same weight of the rocks (1) can move the trapdoor (6.1) without releasing its lock or bolt, the engine work will be used only to return the trapdoor (6.1) to its closed state.
  • the rocks (1) used in the Installation are of heterogeneous size, the large ones being from 500 kg. Other quantities that have been proven to work optimally is a flow of rocks (1) over 9,000 tons / hour; large rocks (1) over 1.5 m maximum width; rocks (1) large about 1.6 tons.
  • conduction means (6) are a ramp or a conveyor belt (6), sixth vignette, and include a trapdoor (6.1) that when the detection means (2.2) detect ferrous material moves for rock discharge (1) out of the conveyor belt (6).
  • FIGs 8A and 8B as there are two means of driving (6) has the advantage that in case of rejection it is only half of the lot; obviously as many arcs (2.2) and driving means (6) can be placed as required.
  • connection of the detection means (2.2) to the trapdoor (6.1) and the means that move it are not represented, they are considered to be known as the electric cable and an electric motor with its gearbox attached.
  • the receiving device (2) comprises lifting / lowering means (5) so that prior to the stage a the loading opening (2.11) is placed at the same level as the unloading opening (2.21), with after stage a and before stage b the means of
  • FIG. 10 and 11 Another option represented in Figures 10 and 11 is that in step a the batch of rocks (1) is poured into the receiving device (2) from a vehicle (10). When driving means (6) are used, Figure 11, the installation used in the procedure is consistent with that shown in Figures 8A and 8B in which
  • figure 10 When there is no driving means (6), one option, figure 10, is that after stage c the batch of rocks (1) is poured from the receiving device (2) to the same vehicle (10). Installation used in said procedure is consistent with the one shown in figure 9 in which the roads followed by the vehicle (10) are represented, in particular, there is a way up and down to be located in a
  • the lifting / lowering means (5) prior to stage a are placed so that the loading opening (2.11) is at the same level as the unloading opening (2.21), so the rocks (1) do not run by the receiving device (2) and the vehicle (10) can be lowered to be placed below it for subsequent to stage a and before stage b the lifting / lowering means (5) are operated so that the mouth of load (2.11) is higher than the discharge (2.21), in this way the batch of rocks (1) is discharged to the vehicle (10).
  • said vehicle (10) receives a detection signal or not of ferrous material to accept or not the whole batch, whereby the vehicle (10) follows a path to a shredder (7) or to a rejection zone respectively.

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  • Control Of Conveyors (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a system and method for the detection of ferrous material in a batch of stones, which avoids the use of conveyor belts. The system comprises means for detecting ferrous material comprising at least one coil that creates an electromagnetic field for the detection of a ferrous material, a receiving device comprising a container which in turn comprises a loading opening via which the stones are introduced, a base on which the stones flow, and lateral walls joined to the base a projecting above same, with the detection means being provided as a continuation of the container and joined to same forming a discharge opening from the receiving device, said discharge opening being lower than the loading opening such that the stones pass from one to the other, flowing through the container with the force of gravity.

Description

INSTALACIÓN Y PROCEDIMIENTO PARA LA DETECCIÓN DE MATERIAL FERROSO EN UN LOTE DE ROCAS  INSTALLATION AND PROCEDURE FOR DETECTION OF FERROUS MATERIAL IN A ROCK LOT
CAMPO TECNICO DE LA INVENCION TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención se engloba en el campo la detección de material ferroso, metálico, en rocas The present invention encompasses in the field the detection of ferrous, metallic material in rocks
En concreto, el campo técnico de la invención es el de una instalación para la detección de material ferroso en un lote de rocas que incluye medios de detección de material ferroso y el procedimiento de uso de dicha instalación. ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓN Specifically, the technical field of the invention is that of an installation for the detection of ferrous material in a batch of rocks that includes means for detecting ferrous material and the method of using said installation. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
En una explotación minera, la detección de material de origen ferroso en un lote de rocas, In a mining operation, the detection of material of ferrous origin in a batch of rocks,
especialmente por encima de unas determinadas especially above certain
dimensiones, resulta imprescindible con el fin de evitar la rotura de equipos, en concreto de un triturador, y por tanto los costes de sustitución o reparación, que pueden ser muy elevados; cuando el lote de rocas está en movimiento discurriendo por la instalación se habla de caudal de rocas. Para ello el material ferroso debe ser detectado y de alguna forma separado antes de su llegada al equipo. dimensions, it is essential in order to avoid the breakage of equipment, specifically a crusher, and therefore the replacement or repair costs, which can be very high; When the batch of rocks is in motion running through the installation, the flow of rocks is discussed. For this, the ferrous material must be detected and somehow separated before arriving at the equipment.
La detección de material de origen ferroso potencialmente presente en el material transportado por camiones en una explotación minera y antes de la llegada a un equipo es muy difícil de realizar manteniendo el material en el volquete del camión. Diferentes The detection of material of ferrous origin potentially present in the material transported by trucks in a mining operation and before the arrival to a team is very difficult to carry out keeping the material in the dump truck. Different
tecnologías se han intentado (rayos X, infrarrojos, etc.) con un éxito relativo debido a la baja fiabilidad de los sistemas, al tiempo necesario para una inspección mínimamente fiable y al elevado coste de la operación. La mayor parte de los sistemas de éste tipo tienen flabilidades bastante inferiores al 95%. Los sistemas fiables de detección de material de origen ferroso existentes realizan la inspección mientras el material es trasladado en una cinta transportadora antes de la llegada al equipo donde se tratará, como un triturador. Sin embargo los sistemas de cintas, que incluyen la alimentación de la cinta, normalmente mesas vibrantes, y la cinta propiamente dicha, son costosos y su technologies have been tried (x-rays, infrared, etc.) with relative success due to low reliability of the systems, at the time necessary for a minimally reliable inspection and at the high cost of the operation. Most systems of this type have flaws well below 95%. Reliable existing ferrous material detection systems perform the inspection while the material is transported on a conveyor belt before arrival at the equipment where it will be treated, such as a shredder. However, the tape systems, which include the feeding of the tape, usually vibrating tables, and the tape itself, are expensive and
utilización sólo se justifica cuando existe una use is justified only when there is a
necesidad de transporte del material de un punto fijo a otro punto fijo, lo que generalmente ocurre una vez se ha realizado una primera operación en un equipo, por ejemplo la trituración del material. Asimismo, los sistemas de cintas son adecuados cuando las dimensiones y pesos de las rocas son de dimensiones reducidas. Así, en concreto y respecto a un trituradorneed to transport the material from a fixed point to another fixed point, which usually occurs once a first operation has been carried out on a piece of equipment, for example the crushing of the material. Also, the belt systems are suitable when the dimensions and weights of the rocks are small. Thus, specifically and with respect to a shredder
(chancador) , el transporte del material, rocas, hasta el mismo antes de la trituración se produce mediante camiones dado que el material procede de diferentes puntos de la mina donde trabajan las máquinas (crusher), the transport of the material, rocks, until the same before the crushing is produced by trucks since the material comes from different points of the mine where the machines work
excavadoras y, además, estos puntos son dinámicos. En estos casos el material es pesado y de grandes excavators and, in addition, these points are dynamic. In these cases the material is heavy and large
dimensiones. En estas condiciones implementar un sistema de transporte como las cintas con el único fin de colocar un sistema de detección convencional cuando no es necesario transportar el material de un punto a otro suficientemente distante resulta en un coste excesivo. dimensions. Under these conditions, implementing a transport system such as tapes for the sole purpose of placing a conventional detection system when it is not necessary to transport the material from one point to another sufficiently distant results in excessive cost.
Se conocen las patentes FR2746510, US3702133 y US3588686 que exponen cintas transportadoras con medios de detección como arcos en forma de túnel. Es por ello que existe la necesidad de una detección de material de origen ferroso que no tenga en cuenta el transporte del mismo antes de la llegada a un equipo mediante sistemas de cintas transportadoras. Patents FR2746510, US3702133 and US3588686 are known which expose conveyor belts with detection means such as tunnel-shaped arches. That is why there is a need for a detection of material of ferrous origin that does not take into account the transport of the same before the arrival to a team using conveyor belt systems.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención queda establecida y caracterizada en las reivindicaciones independientes, mientras que las reivindicaciones dependientes describen otras características de la misma. The present invention is established and characterized in the independent claims, while the dependent claims describe other features thereof.
El objeto de la invención es una instalación para la detección de material ferroso en un lote de rocas que evite el uso de sistemas de cintas The object of the invention is an installation for the detection of ferrous material in a batch of rocks that avoids the use of tape systems
transportadoras de alimentación a un equipo, que son caros e ineficientes, y su procedimiento de uso. El problema técnico a resolver es configurar una feed conveyors to a team, which are expensive and inefficient, and their use procedure. The technical problem to solve is to configure a
instalación y establecer unas etapas del procedimiento de uso de la misma para alcanzar el objeto citado. installation and to establish some stages of the procedure of use of the same to reach the mentioned object.
Con el término "lote" se refiere a un conjunto de elementos similares, como cita su acepción habitual. En concreto, con el término "lote de rocas" se refiere a un conjunto de piedras de cualquier tamaño, sin embargo lo habitual es tener un material heterogéneo compuesto por rocas pequeñas, medianas y grandes. La instalación es muy idónea para lotes que incluyen rocas grandes, como las expresadas en la reivindicación 9. With the term "lot" refers to a set of similar elements, as cited its usual meaning. Specifically, with the term "rock lot" it refers to a set of stones of any size, however it is usual to have a heterogeneous material composed of small, medium and large rocks. The installation is very suitable for lots that include large rocks, such as those expressed in claim 9.
El material ferroso en el lote de rocas se sitúa entre las rocas y exteriormente a ellas distribuido por el lote, como pueden ser trozos de alambre de vallas, uñas de palas excavadoras, etc. Una ventaja de la instalación y el procedimiento es que evita los altos costes derivados de sistemas convencionales de transporte de las rocas, como los de cintas transportadoras, que son caros e ineficientes. The ferrous material in the rock lot is located between the rocks and outside them distributed by the lot, such as pieces of fence wire, digging shovel nails, etc. An advantage of the installation and the procedure is that it avoids the high costs derived from conventional rock transport systems, such as conveyor belts, which are expensive and inefficient.
Otra ventaja es la gran robustez de la Another advantage is the great robustness of the
instalación y los menores costes de mantenimiento frente a otras instalaciones que incluyen sistemas de cintas transportadoras de alimentación de equipos, como installation and lower maintenance costs compared to other facilities that include equipment conveyor belt systems, such as
trituradores . shredders
Otra ventaja es la alta fiabilidad de la instalación en la detección de los materiales ferrosos derivada del uso de medios de detección altamente fiables y existentes. Another advantage is the high reliability of the installation in the detection of ferrous materials derived from the use of highly reliable and existing detection means.
La opción de la reivindicación 3 de medios de embocado y protección protege el arco de detección frente a impactos de las rocas y ayuda a conducirlas hacia el arco. The option of claim 3 of embossing and protection means protects the detection arc against impacts of the rocks and helps to drive them towards the arch.
La opción de la reivindicación 4 de los medios aislantes evita falsas detecciones y evita que las vibraciones se transmitan a los arcos con el riesgo de mala detección o averia de las bobinas. The option of claim 4 of the insulating means prevents false detections and prevents vibrations from being transmitted to the arcs with the risk of bad detection or breakdown of the coils.
En la opción de la reivindicación 5, los medios de elevación/descenso del dispositivo receptor In the option of claim 5, the lifting / lowering means of the receiving device
proporcionan la ventaja de poder regular el caudal de rocas. Si esta opción se utiliza para el procedimiento de la reivindicación 11, se tiene la ventaja de poder regular el caudal a la máxima capacidad del triturador. BREVE DESCRIPCIÓN DE LAS FIGURAS Se complementa la presente memoria descriptiva, con un juego de figuras, ilustrativas del ejemplo preferente, y nunca limitativas de la invención. They provide the advantage of being able to regulate the flow of rocks. If this option is used for the method of claim 11, it has the advantage of being able to regulate the flow rate to the maximum crusher capacity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES The present specification is complemented with a set of figures, illustrative of the preferred example, and never limiting the invention.
La figura 1 representa una vista en perspectiva de un dispositivo receptor con la abertura de carga superior . La figura 2 representa una vista en perspectiva de un dispositivo receptor con la abertura de carga superior y anterior. Figure 1 represents a perspective view of a receiving device with the top loading opening. Figure 2 represents a perspective view of a receiving device with the upper and anterior loading opening.
La figura 3 representa una vista en perspectiva de un dispositivo receptor con la abertura de carga superior y medios de elevación/descenso en su parte más cercana a los medios de detección. Figure 3 represents a perspective view of a receiving device with the upper loading opening and lifting / lowering means in its part closest to the detection means.
La figura 4 representa una vista en perspectiva del dispositivo receptor de la figura 3 pero con los medios de elevación/descenso en su parte más alejada a los medios de detección. Figure 4 represents a perspective view of the receiving device of Figure 3 but with the lifting / lowering means in its part furthest from the detection means.
La figura 5 representa una vista en perspectiva de un dispositivo receptor con la abertura de carga superior y los medios de detección con dos aberturas de descarga o dos arcos en forma de túnel. Figure 5 represents a perspective view of a receiving device with the top loading opening and the detection means with two discharge openings or two tunnel-shaped arches.
La figura 6 representa una vista en perspectiva de un dispositivo receptor como el de la figura 5 y con medios de embocado y protección. Figure 6 represents a perspective view of a receiving device such as that of Figure 5 and with embossing and protection means.
La figura 7 representa una vista en perspectiva de un dispositivo receptor como el de la figura 5 y con medios aislantes. La figura 8A representa una instalación con un dispositivo receptor como el de la figura 5 y dos rampas como medios de conducción. La figura 8B muestra la alternativa de sustituir las rampas por cintas Figure 7 represents a perspective view of a receiving device like that of Figure 5 and with insulating means. Figure 8A represents an installation with a receiving device like that of Figure 5 and two ramps as conduction means. Figure 8B shows the alternative of replacing the ramps with tapes
transportadoras . Conveyors
La figura 9 representa una instalación con un dispositivo receptor como el de la figura 5 y con caminos para el acceso de un vehículo. Figure 9 represents an installation with a receiving device like that of Figure 5 and with paths for access of a vehicle.
La figura 10 representa un esquema del Figure 10 represents a schematic of the
procedimiento utilizando un vehículo, sin medios de conducción . procedure using a vehicle, without means of driving.
La figura 11 representa un esquema del Figure 11 represents a scheme of
procedimiento utilizando rampas como medios de procedure using ramps as means of
conducción . driving
EXPOSICIÓN DE TALLADA DE LA REALIZACIÓN PREFERENTE DE LA INVENCIÓN EXHIBITION OF CARVED PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION
A continuación se expone una realización de la invención con apoyo en las figuras. An embodiment of the invention is shown below with support in the figures.
En las figuras 1 a 9 se muestra una instalación para la detección de material ferroso en un lote de rocas (1), que comprende medios de detección de material ferroso (2.2) que comprenden al menos una bobina (2.22), mostrada con líneas punteadas en la figura 2, que puede crear un campo electromagnético para la detección de material ferroso. Figures 1 to 9 show an installation for the detection of ferrous material in a batch of rocks (1), comprising means for detecting ferrous material (2.2) comprising at least one coil (2.22), shown with dotted lines In Figure 2, you can create an electromagnetic field for the detection of ferrous material.
La instalación además comprende un dispositivo receptor (2) que comprende un recipiente (2.1) que a su vez comprende una abertura de carga (2.11) por la que se pueden introducir las rocas (1) . La abertura de cargaThe installation further comprises a receiving device (2) comprising a container (2.1) which at its It also includes a loading opening (2.11) through which rocks (1) can be introduced. Loading opening
(2.11) se puede situar de cualquier manera, por ejemplo en la figura 1 se muestra que es la cara superior del recipiente (2.1), mientras que en la figura 2 es la pared anterior del recipiente (2.1) y una pequeña porción de la superior. (2.11) can be placed in any way, for example in Figure 1 it is shown that it is the upper face of the container (2.1), while in Figure 2 it is the anterior wall of the container (2.1) and a small portion of the higher.
El recipiente (2.1) además comprende una baseThe container (2.1) also comprises a base
(2.12) sobre la que pueden discurrir las rocas (1), paredes laterales (2.13) unidas a la base (2.12) y proyectándose por encima de ella, los medios de (2.12) on which the rocks (1), side walls (2.13) attached to the base (2.12) can run and projecting above it, the means of
detección (2.2) se disponen a continuación del detection (2.2) are arranged after
recipiente (2.1) y unidos al mismo configurando asi una abertura de descarga (2.21) del dispositivo receptor (2), estando la abertura de descarga (2.21) más baja que la de carga (2.11) de manera que las rocas (1) pueden pasar de una a otra discurriendo por el recipiente (2.1) por la acción de la gravedad. En las figuras 1 y 2 se muestran las configuraciones más sencillas en las que el piso sobre el que se asienta el dispositivo receptor (2) tiene la suficiente inclinación para que las rocas (1) discurran por su interior por la acción de la gravedad.container (2.1) and attached thereto thus configuring a discharge opening (2.21) of the receiving device (2), the discharge opening (2.21) being lower than the loading opening (2.11) so that the rocks (1) can pass from one to the other through the container (2.1) by the action of gravity. Figures 1 and 2 show the simplest configurations in which the floor on which the receiving device (2) sits is sufficiently inclined so that the rocks (1) run inside by the action of gravity.
Podrían utilizarse medios de empuje alternativamente, no incluidos en la invención, o complementariamente, no mostrados en las figuras, para hacer que las rocas (1) discurran por el dispositivo receptor (2) . Pushing means could be used alternatively, not included in the invention, or in addition, not shown in the figures, to make the rocks (1) run through the receiving device (2).
Como se muestra en las figuras 1 a 5, con preferencia los medios de detección (2.2) son al menos un arco cerrado formando un túnel, de esta manera se consigue una estructura de arco robusta por ser cerrada y al tener mayor superficie que un arco abierto permite la inclusión de más bobinas (2.22), por lo tanto, mayor campo de detección. Una opción ventajosa es disponer dos arcos (2.2) alineados como se muestra en las figuras 5 a 9; una medida que funciona óptimamente es de arcos (2.2) de anchura 3 m y altura 1,5 m cada uno. En la opción mostrada en la figura 6 entre el recipiente (2.1) y el arco cerrado (2.2) se disponen medios de embocado y protección (3) de manera que se ayuda a conducir las rocas (1) hacia el arco (2.2) y se protege al mismo frente a impactos de las rocas (1) . En la figura se muestran dos medios (3) diferentes: por una parte un marco con bisel orientado hacia el arco (2.2) que conduce las rocas (1) hacia el mismo y sirve de protector de impacto de las mismas; por otra parte unas alfombrillas que también sirven de embocado de las rocas (1) al hacerlas evitar el escalón inferior del arcoAs shown in Figures 1 to 5, preferably the detection means (2.2) are at least one closed arc forming a tunnel, in this way a robust arc structure is achieved by being closed and having a greater surface than an arc. Open allows the inclusion of more coils (2.22), therefore, greater detection field. An advantageous option is to have two arcs (2.2) aligned as shown in figures 5 to 9; A measure that works optimally is of arches (2.2) of width 3 m and height 1.5 m each. In the option shown in Figure 6 between the container (2.1) and the closed arc (2.2), embossing and protection means (3) are arranged so that it helps to drive the rocks (1) towards the arch (2.2) and it is protected against rock impacts (1). In the figure two different means (3) are shown: on the one hand a frame with a bevel oriented towards the arch (2.2) that leads the rocks (1) towards it and serves as an impact protector thereof; On the other hand, some mats that also serve as an embossing of the rocks (1) by making them avoid the lower step of the arch
(2.2), protegiendo el mismo al evitar el choque de las rocas (1) contra él. Ambas configuraciones pueden incluirse juntas o sólo una de ellas en una instalación. En la opción mostrada en la figura 7 en las proximidades de la abertura del arco cerrado (2.2) hacia el recipiente (2.1) se disponen medios aislantes (4) para evitar la detección de material metálico (2.2), protecting it by avoiding the collision of the rocks (1) against it. Both configurations can be included together or only one of them in an installation. In the option shown in figure 7 in the vicinity of the opening of the closed arc (2.2) towards the container (2.1) insulating means (4) are arranged to prevent the detection of metallic material
circundante externo a las rocas (1) y atenuar las vibraciones del recipiente (2.1) sobre el arco (2.2) .surrounding outside the rocks (1) and attenuate the vibrations of the vessel (2.1) over the arch (2.2).
En concreto, en la configuración mostrada es un taco de material a todo lo ancho del arco (2.2) . Aunque no representado, esta opción se puede combinar con Specifically, in the configuration shown it is a block of material across the entire width of the arch (2.2). Although not represented, this option can be combined with
cualquiera de las anteriores. Any of the above.
En las figuras 3 a 5, 8A y 9, se muestra la opción de que el dispositivo receptor (2) comprende unos medios de elevación/descenso (5) de manera que se puede pasar de que la abertura de carga (2.11) esté al mismo nivel que la de descarga (2.21) a que la de carga (2.11) esté más alta y viceversa. Dichos medios (5) se pueden colocar tanto en la parte más cercana al arco (2.2), figuras 3, 5, 8A y 9, como en la más alejada, figura 4. Los medios (5) citados permiten regular el flujo de material, caudal de rocas (1), a través del dispositivo receptor (2) asi como elegir en qué momento las rocas (1) discurren a su través, como se explica en el In figures 3 to 5, 8A and 9, the option is shown that the receiving device (2) comprises lifting / lowering means (5) so that it can be passed that the loading opening (2.11) is at same level as the discharge (2.21) to that of the load (2.11) Be taller and vice versa. Said means (5) can be placed both in the part closest to the arc (2.2), figures 3, 5, 8A and 9, and in the furthest part, figure 4. The mentioned means (5) allow to regulate the flow of material , rock flow (1), through the receiving device (2) as well as choosing at what time the rocks (1) run through it, as explained in the
procedimiento más adelante. En concreto, como se muestra en las figuras, los medios de elevación/descenso (5) comprenden un cilindro hidráulico o neumático. procedure later. Specifically, as shown in the figures, the lifting / lowering means (5) comprise a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder.
Una opción ventajosa es que en las proximidades de la abertura de descarga (2.21) se dispone al menos unos medios de conducción (6), siempre de salida de rocas (1) del dispositivo receptor (2), como al menos una rampa, figuras 8A y 11, o al menos una cinta An advantageous option is that in the vicinity of the discharge opening (2.21) at least some conduction means (6) are provided, always out of rocks (1) of the receiving device (2), such as at least one ramp, figures 8A and 11, or at least one tape
transportadora, figura 8B, para el transporte de rocas (1) hasta un triturador (7), también pueden ser un tren de rodillos, no mostrado en las figuras. Se pueden poner tantos medios de conducción (6) como se desee, por ejemplo en las figuras se ponen dos medios de conducción (6) , uno por cada arco (2.2) . En los medios de Conveyor, figure 8B, for transporting rocks (1) to a crusher (7), can also be a roller train, not shown in the figures. You can put as many driving means (6) as desired, for example in the figures two driving means (6) are placed, one for each arc (2.2). In the media of
conducción (6) se puede añadir una trampilla (6.1), figuras 8A, 8B y 11, que puede moverse para la descarga de las rocas (1) . Aunque no mostrado, se entiende que la trampilla (6.1) tiene medios de activación y movimiento de los conocidos, como puede ser un detector conectado a las bobinas del arco (2.2) que activen un motor que haga mover la trampilla (6.1) . En la disposición mostrada el mismo peso de las rocas (1) puede mover la trampilla (6.1) sin más que liberar su bloqueo o cerrojo, el trabajo del motor se utilizará sólo para volver la trampilla (6.1) a su estado de cierre. Ventajosamente, las rocas (1) utilizadas en la instalación son de tamaño heterogéneo, siendo las grandes a partir de 500 kg. Otras magnitudes que se han comprobado que funcionan óptimamente es de un caudal de rocas (1) sobre 9.000 Tm/hora; rocas (1) grandes sobre 1,5 m de anchura máxima; rocas (1) grandes sobre 1,6 Tm. conduit (6) can be added a trapdoor (6.1), figures 8A, 8B and 11, which can be moved to unload the rocks (1). Although not shown, it is understood that the trapdoor (6.1) has activation and movement means of the known, such as a detector connected to the arc coils (2.2) that activate a motor that makes the trapdoor (6.1) move. In the arrangement shown the same weight of the rocks (1) can move the trapdoor (6.1) without releasing its lock or bolt, the engine work will be used only to return the trapdoor (6.1) to its closed state. Advantageously, the rocks (1) used in the Installation are of heterogeneous size, the large ones being from 500 kg. Other quantities that have been proven to work optimally is a flow of rocks (1) over 9,000 tons / hour; large rocks (1) over 1.5 m maximum width; rocks (1) large about 1.6 tons.
En las figuras 10 y 11, se muestran las etapas de un procedimiento para la detección de material ferroso en un lote de rocas (1) en una instalación en cualquiera de sus opciones según se ha mencionado aquí arriba, que comprende las siguientes etapas: In Figures 10 and 11, the steps of a procedure for the detection of ferrous material in a batch of rocks (1) in an installation in any of its options as mentioned above are shown, comprising the following steps:
a. introducción del lote de rocas (1) al dispositivo receptor (2) por la abertura de carga (2.11) del recipiente (2.1);  to. introduction of the batch of rocks (1) to the receiving device (2) through the loading opening (2.11) of the container (2.1);
b. paso de las rocas (1) por el recipiente (2.1) y a través de los medios de detección (2.2) por la acción de la gravedad al situarse la abertura de carga (2.11) más alta que la de descarga (2.21);  b. passage of the rocks (1) through the container (2.1) and through the detection means (2.2) by the action of gravity when the loading opening (2.11) is higher than the discharge opening (2.21);
c. salida de las rocas (1) del dispositivo receptor (2) por la abertura de descarga (2.21) . Estas etapas principales del procedimiento quedan  C. exit of the rocks (1) of the receiving device (2) through the discharge opening (2.21). These main stages of the procedure remain
representadas en las viñetas tercera y cuarta de las figuras 10 y 11. Opcionalmente, como se muestra en la figura 11, quinta y séptima viñetas, con posterioridad a la fase c tiene lugar un vertido de las rocas (1) sobre unos medios de conducción (6) para el transporte de las mismas hasta un triturador (7) . Una opción añadida, es que los medios de conducción (6) son una rampa o una cinta transportadora (6), sexta viñeta, e incluyen una trampilla (6.1) que cuando los medios de detección (2.2) detectan material ferroso se mueve para la descarga de las rocas (1) fuera de la cinta transportadora (6) . Como expuesto en las figuras 8A y 8B, al haber dos medios de conducción (6) se tiene la ventaja de que en caso de rechazo sólo sea la mitad del lote; obviamente pueden colocarse tantos arcos (2.2) y medios de conducción (6) como se requiera. represented in the third and fourth bullets of Figures 10 and 11. Optionally, as shown in Figure 11, fifth and seventh bullet points, after the phase c a spill of the rocks (1) takes place on conduction means (6) for transporting them to a shredder (7). An added option is that the conduction means (6) are a ramp or a conveyor belt (6), sixth vignette, and include a trapdoor (6.1) that when the detection means (2.2) detect ferrous material moves for rock discharge (1) out of the conveyor belt (6). As shown in Figures 8A and 8B, as there are two means of driving (6) has the advantage that in case of rejection it is only half of the lot; obviously as many arcs (2.2) and driving means (6) can be placed as required.
Como se ha mencionado anteriormente, no se representa la conexión de los medios de detección (2.2) a la trampilla (6.1) ni los medios que mueven ésta, se consideran que son de los conocidos como cable eléctrico y un motor eléctrico con su caja reductora anexa. As mentioned above, the connection of the detection means (2.2) to the trapdoor (6.1) and the means that move it are not represented, they are considered to be known as the electric cable and an electric motor with its gearbox attached.
Una opción es que el dispositivo receptor (2) comprende unos medios de elevación/descenso (5) de manera que con anterioridad a la etapa a se coloca la abertura de carga (2.11) al mismo nivel que la de descarga (2.21), con posterioridad a la etapa a y antes de la etapa b se accionan los medios de One option is that the receiving device (2) comprises lifting / lowering means (5) so that prior to the stage a the loading opening (2.11) is placed at the same level as the unloading opening (2.21), with after stage a and before stage b the means of
elevación/descenso (5) de manera que la abertura de carga (2.11) está más alta que la descarga (2.21) . lifting / lowering (5) so that the loading opening (2.11) is higher than the unloading (2.21).
Otra opción representada en las figuras 10 y 11 es que en la etapa a se vierte el lote de rocas (1) al dispositivo receptor (2) desde un vehículo (10) . Cuando se utilizan medios de conducción (6), figura 11, la instalación utilizada en el procedimiento concuerda con la mostrada en las figuras 8A y 8B en la que se Another option represented in Figures 10 and 11 is that in step a the batch of rocks (1) is poured into the receiving device (2) from a vehicle (10). When driving means (6) are used, Figure 11, the installation used in the procedure is consistent with that shown in Figures 8A and 8B in which
representan los caminos que sigue el vehículo (10); en concreto, hay un camino de subida y bajada para situarse en una plataforma superior (8) cercana a la abertura de carga (2.11) del dispositivo receptor (2) . they represent the paths that the vehicle follows (10); specifically, there is a way up and down to be located on an upper platform (8) near the loading opening (2.11) of the receiving device (2).
Cuando no hay medios de conducción (6) una opción, figura 10, es que con posterioridad a la etapa c el lote de rocas (1) se vierte desde el dispositivo receptor (2) al mismo vehículo (10) . La instalación utilizada en dicho procedimiento concuerda con la mostrada en la figura 9 en la que se representan los caminos que sigue el vehículo (10), en concreto, hay un camino de subida y bajada para situarse en una When there is no driving means (6), one option, figure 10, is that after stage c the batch of rocks (1) is poured from the receiving device (2) to the same vehicle (10). Installation used in said procedure is consistent with the one shown in figure 9 in which the roads followed by the vehicle (10) are represented, in particular, there is a way up and down to be located in a
plataforma superior (8) cercana a la abertura de carga (2.1) del dispositivo receptor (2), dicho camino upper platform (8) near the loading opening (2.1) of the receiving device (2), said path
continúa hasta otra plataforma inferior (9) situada cercana a la abertura de descarga (2.21) del dispositivo receptor (2) . En este procedimiento los medios de elevación/descenso (5) con anterioridad a la etapa a se colocan de manera que la abertura de carga (2.11) está al mismo nivel que la de descarga (2.21), así las rocas (1) no discurren por el dispositivo receptor (2) y el vehículo (10) puede bajar a situarse por debajo de aquél para con posterioridad a la etapa a y antes de la etapa b se accionen los medios de elevación/descenso (5) de manera que la boca de carga (2.11) está más alta que la descarga (2.21), de esta manera el lote de rocas (1) se descarga al vehículo (10) . En este caso, dicho vehículo (10) recibe una señal de detección o no de material ferroso para aceptar o no todo el lote, con lo que el vehículo (10) sigue un camino hacia un triturador (7) o hacia una zona de rechazo, respectivamente. continue to another lower platform (9) located near the discharge opening (2.21) of the receiving device (2). In this procedure, the lifting / lowering means (5) prior to stage a are placed so that the loading opening (2.11) is at the same level as the unloading opening (2.21), so the rocks (1) do not run by the receiving device (2) and the vehicle (10) can be lowered to be placed below it for subsequent to stage a and before stage b the lifting / lowering means (5) are operated so that the mouth of load (2.11) is higher than the discharge (2.21), in this way the batch of rocks (1) is discharged to the vehicle (10). In this case, said vehicle (10) receives a detection signal or not of ferrous material to accept or not the whole batch, whereby the vehicle (10) follows a path to a shredder (7) or to a rejection zone respectively.

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
1. -Instalación para la detección de material ferroso en un lote de rocas (1), que comprende medios de 1. -Installation for the detection of ferrous material in a batch of rocks (1), which comprises means of
detección de material ferroso (2.2) que comprenden al menos una bobina (2.22) que puede crear un campo detection of ferrous material (2.2) comprising at least one coil (2.22) that can create a field
electromagnético para la detección de material ferroso, caracterizada por que además comprende un dispositivo receptor (2) que comprende un recipiente (2.1) que a su vez comprende una abertura de carga (2.11) por la que se pueden introducir las rocas (1), una base (2.12) sobre la que pueden discurrir las rocas (1), paredes laterales (2.13) unidas a la base (2.12) y proyectándose por encima de ella, los medios de detección (2.2) se electromagnetic for the detection of ferrous material, characterized in that it also comprises a receiving device (2) comprising a container (2.1) which in turn comprises a loading opening (2.11) through which the rocks (1) can be introduced, a base (2.12) on which the rocks (1), side walls (2.13) attached to the base (2.12) can run and projecting above it, the detection means (2.2) are
disponen a continuación del recipiente (2.1) y unidos al mismo configurando asi una abertura de descarga (2.21) del dispositivo receptor (2), estando la abertura de descarga (2.21) más baja que la de carga (2.11) de manera que las rocas (1) pueden pasar de una a otra discurriendo por el recipiente (2.1) por la acción de la gravedad . they then have the container (2.1) and attached thereto thus configuring a discharge opening (2.21) of the receiving device (2), the discharge opening (2.21) being lower than the loading opening (2.11) so that the rocks (1) they can pass from one to another running through the container (2.1) by the action of gravity.
2. -Instalación según la reivindicación 1 en la que los medios de detección (2.2) son al menos un arco cerrado formando un túnel. 2. Installation according to claim 1 wherein the detection means (2.2) are at least one closed arc forming a tunnel.
3. -Instalación según la reivindicación 2 en la que entre el recipiente (2.1) y el arco cerrado (2.2) se disponen medios de embocado y protección (3) de manera que se ayuda a conducir las rocas (1) hacia el arco (2.2) y se protege al mismo frente a impactos de las rocas ( 1 ) . 3. -Installation according to claim 2 wherein between the container (2.1) and the closed arc (2.2) means of embossing and protection (3) are arranged so that it helps to drive the rocks (1) towards the arc ( 2.2) and it is protected against rock impacts (1).
4. -Instalación según cualquiera de las 4. -Installation according to any of the
reivindicaciones 2 o 3 en la que en las proximidades de la abertura del arco cerrado (2.2) hacia el recipiente (2.1) se disponen medios aislantes (4) para evitar la detección de material metálico circundante externo a las rocas (1) y atenuar las vibraciones del recipiente (2.1) sobre el arco (2.2) . claims 2 or 3 wherein in the vicinity of the opening of the closed arch (2.2) towards the container (2.1) insulating means (4) are arranged to prevent the detection of surrounding metallic material external to the rocks (1) and attenuate the vibrations of the container (2.1) on the arc (2.2) ).
5. -Instalación según cualquiera de las 5. -Installation according to any of the
reivindicaciones anteriores que comprende unos medios de elevación/descenso (5) del dispositivo receptor (2) de manera que se puede pasar de que la abertura de carga (2.11) esté al mismo nivel que la de descarga (2.21) a que la de carga (2.11) esté más alta y viceversa. previous claims comprising lifting / lowering means (5) of the receiving device (2) so that it can be passed from the loading opening (2.11) to the same level as the unloading (2.21) to the loading (2.11) is higher and vice versa.
6. -Instalación según la reivindicación 5 en la que los medios de elevación/descenso (5) comprenden un cilindro hidráulico o neumático. 6. Installation according to claim 5 wherein the lifting / lowering means (5) comprise a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder.
7. -Instalación según cualquiera de las 7. -Installation according to any of the
reivindicaciones anteriores en la que en las previous claims in which in the
proximidades de la abertura de descarga (2.21) se disponen medios de conducción (6) para el transporte de las rocas (1) hasta un triturador (7) . In the vicinity of the discharge opening (2.21), conduction means (6) are arranged for transporting the rocks (1) to a crusher (7).
8. -Instalación según la reivindicación 7 en la que los medios de conducción (6) son una rampa o una cinta transportadora (6) e incluyen una trampilla (6.1) que puede moverse para la descarga de las rocas (1) . 8. - Installation according to claim 7 wherein the conduction means (6) are a ramp or a conveyor belt (6) and include a trapdoor (6.1) that can be moved for the discharge of the rocks (1).
9. -Instalación según cualquiera de las 9. -Installation according to any of the
reivindicaciones anteriores en la que las rocas (1) de cada lote son de tamaño heterogéneo, siendo las grandes a partir de 500 kg. previous claims in which the rocks (1) of each batch are of heterogeneous size, the large ones being from 500 kg.
10. -Procedimiento para la detección de material ferroso en un lote de rocas (1) en una instalación según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, 10. -Procedure for the detection of ferrous material in a batch of rocks (1) in an installation according to any of the preceding claims,
caracterizado por que comprende las siguientes etapas: characterized in that it comprises the following stages:
a. introducción del lote de rocas (1) al dispositivo receptor (2) por la abertura de carga (2.11) del recipiente (2.1) ;  to. introduction of the batch of rocks (1) to the receiving device (2) through the loading opening (2.11) of the container (2.1);
b. paso de las rocas (1) por el recipiente (2.1) y a través de los medios de detección (2.2) por la acción de la gravedad al situarse la abertura de carga (2.11) más alta que la de descarga (2.21) ;  b. passage of the rocks (1) through the container (2.1) and through the detection means (2.2) by the action of gravity when the loading opening (2.11) is higher than the discharge opening (2.21);
c. salida de las rocas (1) del dispositivo receptor (2) por la abertura de descarga  C. exit of the rocks (1) from the receiving device (2) through the discharge opening
(2.21) .  (2.21).
11. -Procedimiento según la reivindicación 10 en el que con posterioridad a la fase c tiene lugar un vertido del lote de rocas (1) sobre unos medios de conducción11. -Procedure according to claim 10 wherein after the c-phase an overflow of the rock batch (1) takes place on conduction means
(6) para el transporte de las mismas hasta un triturador(6) for transporting them to a shredder
(7) . (7).
12.- Procedimiento según la reivindicación 11 en el que los medios de conducción (6) son una rampa o una cinta transportadora e incluyen una trampilla (6.1) que cuando los medios de detección (2.2) detectan material ferroso se mueve para la descarga de las rocas (1) fuera de la rampa o cinta transportadora (6) . 12. Method according to claim 11 wherein the conduction means (6) is a ramp or a conveyor belt and includes a trapdoor (6.1) which when the detection means (2.2) detect ferrous material moves for the discharge of the rocks (1) outside the ramp or conveyor belt (6).
13. -Procedimiento según la reivindicación 10 en el que el dispositivo receptor (2) comprende unos medios de elevación/descenso (5) de manera que con anterioridad a la etapa a se coloca la abertura de carga (2.11) al mismo nivel que la de descarga (2.21), con posterioridad a la etapa a y antes de la etapa b se accionan los medios de elevación/descenso (5) de manera que la abertura de carga (2.11) está más alta que la descarga (2.21) . 13. -Procedure according to claim 10 wherein the receiving device (2) comprises lifting / lowering means (5) such that prior to the stage a the loading opening (2.11) is placed at the same level as the of discharge (2.21), after the stage a and before stage b the lifting / lowering means (5) are operated so that the loading opening (2.11) is higher than the discharge (2.21).
14. -Procedimiento según cualquiera de las 14. -Procedure according to any of the
reivindicaciones 9 a 13 en el que en la etapa a el lote de rocas (1) se vierte al dispositivo receptor (2) desde un vehículo (10) . claims 9 to 13 wherein in the step the batch of rocks (1) is poured into the receiving device (2) from a vehicle (10).
15. -Procedimiento según las reivindicaciones 13 y 14 en el que con posterioridad a la etapa c el lote de rocas (1) se vierte desde el dispositivo receptor (2) al mismo vehículo (10) . 15. -Procedure according to claims 13 and 14 wherein, after stage c, the batch of rocks (1) is poured from the receiving device (2) to the same vehicle (10).
PCT/ES2015/070488 2015-06-24 2015-06-24 System and method for the detection of ferrous material in a batch of stones WO2016207450A1 (en)

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US1480315A (en) * 1921-09-30 1924-01-08 Thompson Herbert Huband Magnetic separator
GB433615A (en) * 1934-02-09 1935-08-09 Electromagnets Ltd Improvements relating to electro-magnetic separators
US2109076A (en) * 1935-12-05 1938-02-22 Stearns Magnetic Mfg Company Electromagnetic separator
US3498455A (en) * 1968-01-19 1970-03-03 Ditch Magnets Inc Ditch magnet
US20060096894A1 (en) * 2004-10-13 2006-05-11 Exportech Company, Inc. VacuMag magnetic separator and process

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1480315A (en) * 1921-09-30 1924-01-08 Thompson Herbert Huband Magnetic separator
GB433615A (en) * 1934-02-09 1935-08-09 Electromagnets Ltd Improvements relating to electro-magnetic separators
US2109076A (en) * 1935-12-05 1938-02-22 Stearns Magnetic Mfg Company Electromagnetic separator
US3498455A (en) * 1968-01-19 1970-03-03 Ditch Magnets Inc Ditch magnet
US20060096894A1 (en) * 2004-10-13 2006-05-11 Exportech Company, Inc. VacuMag magnetic separator and process

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