WO2016206431A1 - 用于生物质燃气工业热水器的燃烧器 - Google Patents

用于生物质燃气工业热水器的燃烧器 Download PDF

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WO2016206431A1
WO2016206431A1 PCT/CN2016/077768 CN2016077768W WO2016206431A1 WO 2016206431 A1 WO2016206431 A1 WO 2016206431A1 CN 2016077768 W CN2016077768 W CN 2016077768W WO 2016206431 A1 WO2016206431 A1 WO 2016206431A1
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gas
ignition
biomass
burner
pipe
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PCT/CN2016/077768
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English (en)
French (fr)
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刘洋
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刘洋
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/66—Preheating the combustion air or gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2203/00—Gaseous fuel burners
    • F23D2203/007—Mixing tubes, air supply regulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
    • F23D2900/21—Burners specially adapted for a particular use
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a burner for a water heater, and more particularly to a burner for a biomass gas industrial water heater.
  • the waste pyrolysis treatment technology has attracted more and more people's attention. Especially for municipal solid wastes with high content of kitchen waste, plastics and rubber, the pyrolysis and gasification process can show more value. Due to the large number of municipal solid waste components, the pyrolysis gasification process is quite complicated. In the process of pyrolysis gasification, both macromolecules are cleaved into small molecules, and small molecules are polymerized into larger molecules.
  • Pyrolysis gasification (or simply pyrolysis or gasification) has several advantages, mainly as follows: (1) High combustion efficiency. Because the direct combustion of garbage is a non-homogeneous reaction of gas and solid, garbage as a solid substance has very poor diffusion and miscibility, so the combustion efficiency is low, and toxic and harmful substances are easily generated during combustion; and the gaseous products produced by pyrolysis and Tar, which is homogeneous combustion, has sufficient combustion and high efficiency; (2) The combustion process is easy to control, the composition of garbage is complex, and the physical and chemical properties of each component vary greatly. If directly burned, the ignition point and reaction speed of each component are very different.
  • biomass gas water heaters are mainly aimed at gasification of conventional biomass (such as straw) or domestic waste.
  • biomass gas produced by construction waste usually contains high acid gas, which can cause corrosion to the water heater and high impurity content, which is often insufficiently burned in conventional water heaters, resulting in serious exhaust pollution.
  • CN102635932A discloses a water heater comprising a gas heating portion, characterized by further comprising an air flow driving portion and a gas power portion, wherein the gas power portion provides power to the air flow driving portion, and the air flow driving portion is disposed at any of the following positions One or more places: the inlet duct of the gas heating section, the inlet of the gas heating section, and the exhaust section of the gas heating section.
  • CN104101093A discloses a gas water heater comprising: a casing, a face shell and a decorative panel.
  • the front side of the casing is open to form an opening, and the face shell is disposed on the casing to close the casing.
  • the face casing includes a fitting portion and a projecting portion, and the fitting portion cooperates with the opening, and the projecting portion extends downward from the lower surface of the fitting portion.
  • a trim panel snap is attached to the rear surface of the extension.
  • CN201069250U discloses a low calorific value biomass gas atmospheric pressure volumetric water heater, comprising a casing, a partition in the casing dividing the casing into a lower combustion chamber and an upper water storage tank, the combustion chamber and the burner are arranged in the combustion chamber
  • the connected automatic ignition and flameout protection device is a gas valve installed on the gas inlet pipe connected to the burner.
  • the lower part of the water storage tank is provided with a cold water inlet and a hot water outlet, and the upper part has a smoke chamber, and the exhaust pipe is connected with the flue gas chamber.
  • the casing is provided with an exhaust valve communicating with the water storage tank, and the heat exchanger disposed in the water storage tank is in communication with the combustion chamber, and the cold water inlet of the water storage tank is connected with an automatic water supply device through the water inlet pipe.
  • CN203349309U discloses a straw biomass raw material gas furnace, wherein the furnace body is composed of upper and lower furnace bodies, and the structure of the lower furnace body is two layers inside and outside, and the middle part is provided with heat insulating material, and the bottom part of the lower furnace body is equipped with air distribution.
  • the tray is connected to the air supply duct under the air distribution disc, and the other end of the air supply duct is equipped with a fan.
  • the upper part of the lower furnace body is provided with an upper furnace body, and the outer shell of the upper furnace body is a three-layer structure inside and outside, wherein the inner layer is insulated.
  • the top layer of the upper furnace body is a sealed end cover, and a purifier is installed at the rear of the upper furnace body, and three output tubes are arranged on the side of the purifier, respectively connected to the heating furnace, the cooking stove and the water heater; the characteristic is: the upper furnace body 10 partition plates are arranged in the middle of the inner and outer layers to form the upper and lower curved air passages, and the outer layer of the upper furnace body is isolated. There are 5 drain pipes in the corresponding space of the board space, and the drain pipe is equipped with a valve.
  • CN201297705U discloses a solar biomass biogas heat system, comprising a biogas generating tank and a solar collector, wherein the biogas generating tank is connected with a biogas pipeline, wherein the biogas generating tank comprises a tank body, a bottom cover and an upper part. Cover, the solar collector is connected with a cold water inlet pipe, a hot water outlet pipe, the hot water outlet pipe is coiled on the outer wall of the tank body and connected to the hot water storage tank, and the end of the biogas pipeline is connected There is a gas water heater and a gas stove, and the water outlet of the gas water heater is respectively connected to the shower head and the hot water storage tank, and the water outlet of the hot water storage tank is connected to the hot water end of the user.
  • CN202813788U discloses a gas water heater, which comprises a circulation pipeline, a water pump and a throttling device to form a pressurized circulation system, so that the water outlet temperature of the gas water heater can be kept constant at all times, thereby avoiding the occurrence of water leakage caused by fluctuations of water flow.
  • the water flow inside the water heater forms a closed self-circulation system, through the intelligent control of the system to keep the water temperature constant, so that the heat from the water heater The water can reach the temperature that the user needs.
  • CN102221205A discloses a burner for a gas water heater, comprising a plurality of fire platoons and a gas pipeline, each group of fire platoons mainly composed of a plurality of flame hole groups, each group of flame holes comprising a plurality of flame holes, and each of the flame rows of the fire row
  • the two outer sides are respectively provided with side plates and have a gap with the outer side of the flame hole group, the gap is communicated with the outside only at the side plate and the flame hole port, and the other portions are sealed;
  • the gas pipe includes a light flame gas pipe and a thick flame
  • the gas pipeline and the light flame gas pipeline are in sealing communication with the flame hole, and the thick flame gas pipeline is sealed and connected with the gap between the side plate and the outer side of the flame hole.
  • CN1903457A discloses a pyrolysis carbonization method for municipal garbage, characterized in that the carbonization process of garbage includes at least the following processes, a pyrolysis carbonization process of waste, an acid gas removal process of pyrolysis gas generated during pyrolysis carbonization, and pyrolysis.
  • the combustion process of gas the process in which the high temperature gas after combustion of the pyrolysis gas transfers heat to the garbage in the pyrolysis furnace; and the pyrolysis is carried out at any temperature between 250 ° C and 650 ° C.
  • WO 2011/000513 A1 discloses an integrated waste treatment system and method comprising the use of a source of combustible waste, a separator for separating said combustible waste from a recyclable material, for drying said combustible waste to produce a vacuum dryer for pyrolyzing the raw material and for using the pyrolysis material
  • a system and method for generating electricity by thermal decomposition to produce coke and pyrolysis gases including a waste treatment system or method according to the present invention, further comprising an oxidizer for producing from the pyrolysis feedstock The syngas is oxidized at a high temperature to generate heat for power generation.
  • EP 1 211 691 A2 discloses an organic waste decomposition apparatus and method comprising two reactors in series, each reactor using oxygen-enhanced superheated steam to decompose various organic compounds to reduce mass and volume; When the oxygen mixture is injected into the fluidized bed of the ceramic beads, decomposition occurs rapidly. The velocity of the fluidizing gas mixture agitates the ceramic beads to aid in the fragmentation of solid waste. Oxygen causes certain oxidation reactions to compensate for the heat demand for drying, pyrolysis and steam reforming; most of the pyrolysis occurs at the first stage. A second stage is set up to complete the pyrolysis and to adjust or gasify the waste form by using a co-reactant to change the oxidation state of the inorganic material and using a temperature that separates the metal waste.
  • US20110048915A1 discloses a method for treating waste and pyrolysis of hydrocarbons from daily life and industrial organic waste, the method of treating waste comprising: performing first and second stage pyrolysis; separating the pyrolysis product into several parts; Each part is treated to obtain a useful product, and while the second stage pyrolysis is carried out, the pyrolysis product is electromagnetically acted upon.
  • the apparatus for carrying out the method has a pyrolysis reactor which is composed of two parts. An electromagnetic source is installed in the second portion of the reactor, and the outlet of the second portion is connected to the pyrolysis vapor gas product separation system.
  • blast-burning gas water heater Zeng Lingyu, household appliances, disclosed in September 1996, a blast-burning gas water heater, which changed the structure of the combustion chamber from open to closed, using mechanical blast instead of Naturally induced wind, thus greatly improving the thermal strength of the combustion chamber, so that the water heater has a large water output (up to 20 liters / minute or more) and a small volume (compared to the same heat load of the ordinary water heater, can be reduced by half ), high thermal efficiency (generally can improve 3% to 5%) and other advantages, to achieve the goal of large-flow water heaters to small, efficient development, the basic structure of blast-fired gas water heaters is the same as ordinary gas water heaters, but also by the water system, The gas system, combustion system, heating system, control system and auxiliary system are composed of several parts, and only the burner and some control parts are modified.
  • biomass gas water heaters are mainly directed to conventional fuels such as natural gas or gas, conventional biomass (such as straw) or domestic waste.
  • the gas produced by gasification such as garbage lacks a device for efficiently combusting biomass gas generated by construction waste having a large difference in composition.
  • biomass gas produced by construction waste usually contains a relatively high acid gas, which can cause corrosion to the water heater, especially in the high temperature of the combustion environment, and high impurity content in conventional water heaters. Insufficient combustion is often caused, resulting in serious exhaust pollution. Therefore, the biomass water burner fueled by the biomass waste gas recovered from the construction waste cannot be simply used interchangeably with the conventional burner.
  • a burner for a biomass gas industrial water heater comprises: a plurality of parallel heating pipes, a fine gas pipe for ignition, a gas valve for ignition, a raw Material gas pipe, biomass gas valve, ignition nozzle, ignition hole, blower, air supply pipe, air supply valve, and air supply hole, wherein the fine gas pipe for ignition is at the bottom of the heating pipe of the burner and is tightly connected with the heating pipe
  • the ignition nozzle is at the inner front end of the heating pipe and is substantially in line with the ignition hole
  • the air supply hole is at the tail of the heating pipe.
  • a closed connection structure with a heating pipe means a state in which it is connected to a heating pipe but is sealed to each other.
  • a plurality of juxtaposed heating tubes are coupled and fixed to the water heater to form a unitary structure.
  • the contiguous combination can be implemented in a plurality of unit parallel combining modes as is conventional in the art.
  • the fine gas pipe for ignition is fixed in one of the plurality of heating pipes, and the gas outflow amount is adjusted by the gas valve for ignition.
  • each of the heating tubes in the combustor is connected to a biomass gas tube, each controlled by a valve.
  • the air supply pipe is connected to the tail of the heating pipe, and the air supply pipe is connected to the air blower and is controlled by the valve. Air supply.
  • the biomass gas is biomass gas obtained by gasification of biomass recovered from construction waste.
  • the burner of the present invention is suitable for combustion of biomass gas, and is capable of completely burning 98% by volume or more of biomass gas.
  • the present inventors have found that, as described above, biomass gas produced by construction waste usually contains a relatively high acid gas, which can cause corrosion to the water heater.
  • the inventors have developed an anticorrosive coating which will The coating is applied on the inner surface of the heating tube to form an anti-corrosion layer, which can effectively enhance the corrosion resistance of the heating tube.
  • the anti-corrosion coating comprises: 30%-50% of Al 2 O 3 powder, 10%-30% of MnO 2 powder, 10%-15% of TiO 2 powder, 2% SiO 2 powder, based on the total weight of the coating. 4%, 20%-30% CrO 2 .
  • the coating can be prepared by a plasma thermal spraying process, and the thickness of the coating after molding is about 20-40 ⁇ m.
  • the anti-corrosion coating gives the heating tube corrosion resistance to unburned high-temperature acid gas (which is usually very corrosive to high-temperature acid gas), which effectively improves the service life.
  • a corrosion-resistant layer is reported for the first time in the art, and is a targeted formulation of biomass gas produced by the inventors through extensive research and development on the gasification of construction waste.
  • the alloy can achieve impact toughness more than three times that of the conventionally used chrome-containing iron alloy even in the absence of the tempering-cryogenic composite cycle treatment, and the test method can be carried out in accordance with GB6296-86.
  • the alloy can effectively reduce the second type of residual stress and the third type of residual stress of the burner metal parts, avoiding the relaxation of residual internal stress in the burner metal parts, and the corrosion resistance is also enhanced, which can cause corrosion On The burner component replacement rate is reduced by more than one time. All of these effects were previously unanticipated.
  • the present invention provides an apparatus for converting a biomass recovered from construction waste into a gasification energy source, the apparatus comprising a cracking furnace, a primary purifier, a secondary purifier, and a primary separator. , two-stage separators, Roots blowers and their connecting pipes, or consist of a cracking furnace, a primary purifier, a secondary purifier, a primary separator, a secondary separator, a Roots blower and their connecting pipes.
  • the cracking furnace of the present invention preferably uses a plasma torch heater.
  • the present invention provides an apparatus for converting biomass recovered from construction waste into a gasification energy source, the apparatus comprising a cracking furnace, a primary purifier, a secondary purifier, a primary separator, and a secondary separation. , a Roots blower and a connecting pipe thereof, characterized in that the temperature control system of the cracking furnace enables high temperature to be realized in the middle of the furnace body, and the biomass cracking is sufficient, but the furnace wall does not generate high temperature and the furnace wall has no refractory material;
  • the cracking furnace outlet is connected with the primary purifier, the front end of the secondary purifier is connected to the primary purifier, the rear end is connected with the primary separator, the back end of the primary separator is connected with the secondary separator; the Roots blower and The secondary separators are connected.
  • the apparatus of the present invention does not include a tertiary purifier.
  • the primary scrubber is further provided with a gas scrubber, and the bottom of the gas scrubber is provided with an outlet connected to the sedimentation tank.
  • the cracking furnace end is provided with a dryer, and the dryer is connected to the primary purifier through a gas collecting device, and the gas collecting device is provided with a dust filtering net.
  • the cracking furnace includes an injection device capable of injecting catalyst powder.
  • the fan is preferably a three-lobe Roots blower.
  • the burner of the invention is beneficial to the heating of the gas inside the water heater, and the rear air supply duct not only helps to adjust the air supply amount, but also the gas is fully heated, and the combustion heat is concentrated on the heater front end and the water heater furnace, thereby Obtaining good safety, high heating efficiency, low emission Heater. At the same time, the burner of the invention is convenient to ignite, easy to operate, safe and reliable.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a burner for a biomass gas industrial water heater according to the present invention.
  • a burner for a biomass gas industrial water heater characterized in that the burner comprises: a plurality of parallel heating pipes 1, a fine gas pipe for ignition 2, a gas valve for ignition 3, a biomass gas pipe 4, 12, a raw Material gas valve 5, ignition nozzle 6, ignition hole 7, blower 8, air supply pipe 9, 11, air supply valve 10, and air supply hole 13, wherein the fine gas pipe 2 for ignition is at the bottom of the heating pipe 1 of the burner And the heat pipe 1 is in a closed connection structure, the ignition nozzle 6 is at the inner front end of the heating pipe 1 and is substantially in line with the ignition hole 7, and the air supply hole 13 is at the tail of the heating pipe.
  • An anti-corrosion layer is formed on the inner surface of the heating tube, and the anti-corrosion coating comprises: 50% of Al 2 O 3 powder, 15% of MnO 2 powder, 12% of TiO 2 powder, 3% of SiO 2 powder, based on the total weight of the coating. 20% CrO 2 , the coating was prepared by a plasma thermal spraying process, and the thickness of the coating after molding was about 30 ⁇ m.
  • a burner for a biomass gas industrial water heater characterized in that the burner comprises: a plurality of parallel heating pipes 1, a fine gas pipe for ignition 2, a gas valve for ignition 3, a biomass gas pipe 4, 12, a raw Material gas valve 5, ignition nozzle 6, ignition hole 7, blower 8, air supply pipe 9, 11, air supply valve 10, and air supply hole 13, wherein the fine gas pipe 2 for ignition is at the bottom of the heating pipe 1 of the burner And the heat pipe 1 is in a closed connection structure, the ignition nozzle 6 is at the inner front end of the heating pipe 1 and is substantially in line with the ignition hole 7, and the air supply hole 13 is at the tail of the heating pipe.
  • the air supply hole 13 and the ignition nozzle 6 are composed of a chrome-containing iron alloy including: The total weight of the chromium-containing iron alloy is 2.5%, Si is 0.8%, Mn is 0.6%, P is 0.025%, S is 0.04%, V is 0.20%, Ti is 0.010%, Cr is 17.0%, and the balance is For iron and inevitable impurities.
  • Comparative Example 1 differs from Example 1 only in that the inner surface of the heating pipe 1 is not provided with an anti-corrosion layer.
  • Comparative Example 2 differs from Embodiment 2 only in that the blow hole 13 and the ignition nozzle 6 are made of conventional martensitic stainless steel.

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Abstract

一种用于生物质燃气工业热水器的燃烧器，该燃烧器包括：多个并列的加热管(1)、点火用细燃气管(2)、点火用燃气阀门(3)、生物质燃气管(4，12)、生物质燃气阀门(5)、点火嘴(6)、点火孔(7)、送风机(8)、送风管(9，11)、送风阀门(10)和送风孔(13)，其中点火用细燃气管(2)在燃烧器的加热管(1)内底部并且与加热管(1)呈密闭连结结构，点火嘴(6)在加热管(1)的内前端并且与点火孔(7)基本在一条直线上，同时送风孔(13)在加热管(1)的尾部。该燃烧器可以提高加热效率，点火方便，安全可靠。

Description

用于生物质燃气工业热水器的燃烧器 技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于热水器的燃烧器、特别涉及用于生物质燃气工业热水器的燃烧器。
技术背景
垃圾热解处理技术越来越受到人们关注，尤其对于厨余、塑料、橡胶等含量较高的城市生活垃圾，其热解气化过程越能显现出价值。由于城市生活垃圾组分繁多，热解气化过程相当复杂，在热解气化过程中，既有大分子裂解成小分子，又存在小分子聚合成较大分子的可能。
热解气化法(或简称热解法或气化法)具有多个优点，主要体现在如下：(1)燃烧效率高。因垃圾直接燃烧属于气、固非均相反应，垃圾作为固态物质，扩散性、混合性非常差，因而燃烧效率较低，同时燃烧过程中易产生有毒有害物质；而热解产生的气态产物和焦油，属均相燃烧，燃烧充分、效率高；(2)燃烧过程容易控制，垃圾组成复杂，各组分之间理化性能相差很大，若直接燃烧，各组分的着火点、反应速度相差悬殊，难以稳定控制；而垃圾热解后的产物燃烧过程均相稳定、便于控制；(3)污染低，无需二次处理。垃圾简单焚烧若控制不到位，除了极易产生剧毒物“二噁英”外，还会排出大量含有毒物质的飞灰和残渣，需二次处理。热解由于是均相、无氧分解，热解产物再次燃烧后最终产物主要是CO2和H2O，同时减容量大，残余炭渣较少，有利于减轻对大气环境的二次污染。
生物质燃气的一个重要用途是燃烧产生热水，然而现有的生物质燃气热水器主要针对的是常规生物质(例如秸秆)或者生活垃圾进行气化，缺乏对 存在较大成分差异的建筑垃圾产生的生物质燃气进行有效燃烧的装置。例如，由建筑垃圾产生的生物质燃气通常含有较高的酸性气，这些酸性气体对热水器可产生腐蚀，并且杂质含量高，在常规热水器中往往燃烧不充分，导致尾气污染严重。
CN102635932A公开了一种热水器，包括燃气加热部分，其特征在于，还包括一个气流驱动部分和燃气动力部分，燃气动力部分为气流驱动部分提供动力，所述气流驱动部分设置于下述各位置的任何一处或多处：燃气加热部分的进风道、燃气加热部分的进气道、燃气加热部分的排气道。
CN104101093A公开了一种燃气热水器，包括：壳体、面壳和装饰板。壳体的前侧敞开以形成开口，面壳设在壳体上以封闭壳体，面壳包括配合部和伸出部，配合部与开口配合，伸出部从配合部的下表面向下延伸。装饰板卡扣连接在伸出部的后表面上。
CN201069250U公开了一种低热值生物质燃气常压容积式热水器，包括壳体，位于壳体内的将壳体分隔成下部燃烧室和上部储水箱的隔板，燃烧室内装有燃烧器和与燃烧器连接的自动点火及熄火保护装置，装于与燃烧器连接的燃气进气管上的燃气阀，储水箱下部设置有冷水进口和热水出口而上部有烟气腔，排烟管与烟气腔连通，壳体上装有与储水箱连通的排气阀，置于储水箱中的热交换器与燃烧室连通，储水箱的冷水进口通过进水管道连接有自动补水装置。
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US20110048915A1公开了一种处理废物及从日常生活和工业有机废物经热解得到碳氢化合物的方法，处理废物的方法包括：进行第一和第二阶段热解；分离热解产物成几个部分；处理每一部分得到有用的产品，实施第二阶段热解的同时，对热解产物进行电磁作用，实施所述方法的装置中有一个热解反应器，它是由两部分组成。在反应器的第二部分安装了电磁作用的原，第二部分的出口与热解的蒸汽气体产物分离***相连接。
“鼓风燃烧式燃气热水器”，曾令璂，家用电器，1996年09月公开一种鼓风燃烧式燃气热水器，其是将燃烧室结构由敞开式改为了密闭式，采用机械鼓风代替了自然引风，因而大大地进步了燃烧室的热强度，使这种热水器有了出水量大(可达到20升/分钟以上)、体积小(与相同热负荷的普通热水器相比，可减少一半)、热效率高(一般可进步3％～5％)等优点，实现了大流量热水器向小型、高效发展的目标，鼓风燃烧式燃气热水器的基本结构与普通燃气热水器相同，也由水路***、燃气***、燃烧***、加热***、控制***及辅助***等几部分组成，仅燃烧器及部分控制部件有所改动。
然而，如上文所述，在上述现有技术中，已有的生物质燃气热水器主要针对的是常规燃料例如天然气或煤气、常规生物质(例如秸秆)或者生活垃 圾等气化产生的燃气，缺乏对存在较大成分差异的建筑垃圾产生的生物质燃气进行有效燃烧的装置。关于所述差异，例如，由建筑垃圾产生的生物质燃气通常含有较高的酸性气，这些酸性气体对热水器可产生腐蚀，尤其是在燃烧环境的高温下，并且杂质含量高，在常规热水器中往往燃烧不充分，导致尾气污染严重。因此以建筑垃圾回收的生物质产生的生物质燃气为燃料的热水器燃烧器，与常规燃烧器不能简单互换使用。本领域需要一种能够适用于建筑垃圾回收的生物质产生的生物质燃气的全新设计的热水器燃烧器。
发明内容
为解决现有技术中存在的上述问题，本发明人经过深入研究和大量实验，提出了如下技术方案：
在本发明的一方面，提供了一种用于生物质燃气工业热水器的燃烧器，其特征在于，该燃烧器包括：多个并列的加热管，点火用细燃气管，点火用燃气阀门，生物质燃气管，生物质燃气阀门，点火嘴，点火孔，送风机，送风管，送风阀门，和送风孔，其中点火用细燃气管在燃烧器的加热管内底部并且与加热管呈密闭连结结构，点火嘴在加热管的内前端并与点火孔基本上在一条直线上，同时送风孔在加热管的尾部。
如本领域通常所理解，“与加热管呈密闭连结结构”是指与加热管相连结、但是二者之间呈相互密闭隔开状态。
优选地，数个并列的加热管相连结合并固定在热水器上，形成一体结构。相连结合可以按本领域常规的多个单元并行结合模式实现。
优选地，点火用细燃气管固定在多个加热管中的一个加热管内，由点火用燃气阀门调节燃气出气量。
在一个优选实施方式中，燃烧器中的每个加热管都连接生物质燃气管，各自由阀门控制燃气量。
优选地，加热管尾部上连接送风管，送风管连接送风机，由阀门控制 送风量。
优选地，所述生物质燃气是从建筑垃圾回收的生物质进行气化得到的生物质燃气。
优选地，本发明的燃烧器适用于生物质燃气的燃烧，能够使98体积％以上的生物质燃气完全燃烧。
本发明人发现，如前文所述，由建筑垃圾产生的生物质燃气通常含有较高的酸性气，这些酸性气体对热水器可产生腐蚀，为此，本发明人开发了一种防腐蚀涂料，将其施涂在加热管的内表面形成防腐蚀层，可以有效增强加热管的耐腐蚀性能。所述防腐蚀涂料包括：以该涂料的总重量计，Al2O3粉末30％-50％、MnO2粉末10％-30％、TiO2粉末10％-15％、SiO2粉末2％-4％，20％-30％CrO2。所述涂层可采用等离子热喷涂工艺进行制备，涂料成型后的厚度约为20-40μm。防腐蚀涂层赋予了加热管对未燃烧的高温酸性气(高温酸性气通常具有非常强的腐蚀性)的抗腐蚀性，有效提高了使用寿命。这样的耐腐蚀层在本领域尚属首次报导，是本发明人经过大量研究开发出的对建筑垃圾气化产生的生物质燃气具有针对性的配方。
本发明人还发现，送风孔和点火嘴也极容易遭受高温酸性气侵蚀，但是其通常为异型材，难以进行涂层的施加，因此其优选由如下含铬铁合金构成，该含铬铁合金包括：以该含铬铁合金的总重量计，C为1.5-3.5％，Si为0.8-1.0％，Mn为0.6-0.7％，P为0.020-0.035％，S为0.04-0.05％，V为0.15-0.25％，Ti为0.010-0.015％，Cr为16.0-18.0％，Cr/C摩尔比＝6-10，余量为铁和不可避免的杂质。该合金即使在没有进行所述回火-深冷复合循环处理的情况下，其冲击韧性也能够达到常规使用的含铬铁合金的3倍以上，其测试方法可以按照GB6296-86进行。该合金可以有效减少燃烧器金属件的第二类残余应力和第三类残余应力，避免使燃烧器金属件中发生残余内应力的松弛，同时抗腐蚀性也得到了增强，可以使由于腐蚀导致的上 述燃烧器部件更换率降低1倍以上。所有这些效果都是先前所未曾预料到的。
在本发明的另一方面，本发明提供了一种将从建筑垃圾回收的生物质进行气化能源转化的设备，该设备包括裂解炉、一级净化器、二级净化器、一级分离器、二级分离器、罗茨风机以及它们的连接管道，或者由裂解炉、一级净化器、二级净化器、一级分离器、二级分离器、罗茨风机以及它们的连接管道组成。
本发明的裂解炉优选使用等离子炬加热器。
更具体地，本发明提供了一种将从建筑垃圾回收的生物质进行气化能源转化的设备，该设备包括裂解炉、一级净化器、二级净化器、一级分离器、二级分离器、罗茨风机以及它们的连接管道，其特征在于，所述裂解炉的温控***使得高温在炉体中部实现，并且生物质裂解充分，但炉壁不产生高温且炉壁没有耐火材料；所述裂解炉出口与一级净化器相连接，二级净化器前端接一级净化器，后端与一级分离器连接，一级分离器后端与二级分离器连接；罗茨风机与二级分离器相连。
优选地，本发明的所述设备不包括三级净化器。
优选地，所述一级净化器内还设有气体洗涤器，所述气体洗涤器的底部设有出口连接沉淀池。
优选地，所述裂解炉末端设有干燥器，所述干燥器通过气体收集装置与一级净化器连接，所述气体收集装置内设有粉尘过滤网。
在特别优选的实施方式中，所述裂解炉中包括能够喷射催化剂粉末的喷射装置。
所述风机优选为三叶罗茨风机。
通过本发明的燃烧器，有利于燃气在热水器内部的加热，而后置的送风管不仅利于调节送风量，使燃气得以充分加热，还有利于燃烧热集中在加热器前端及热水器炉膛，从而获得安全性好、高加热效率、低排放的加 热器。同时，本发明的燃烧器点火方便，易于操作，安全可靠。
附图说明
附图1为根据本发明的用于生物质燃气工业热水器的燃烧器的结构示意图。
具体实施方式：
实施例1
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步的描述。
用于生物质燃气工业热水器的燃烧器，其特征在于，该燃烧器包括：多个并列的加热管1，点火用细燃气管2，点火用燃气阀门3，生物质燃气管4、12，生物质燃气阀门5，点火嘴6，点火孔7，送风机8，送风管9、11，送风阀门10，和送风孔13，其中点火用细燃气管2在燃烧器的加热管1内底部并且与加热管1呈密闭连结结构，点火嘴6在加热管1的内前端并与点火孔7基本上在一条直线上，同时送风孔13在加热管的尾部。在加热管的内表面形成防腐蚀层，防腐蚀涂料包括：以该涂料的总重量计，Al2O3粉末50％、MnO2粉末15％、TiO2粉末12％、SiO2粉末3％，20％CrO2，所述涂层采用等离子热喷涂工艺进行制备，涂料成型后的厚度为约30μm。
实施例2
用于生物质燃气工业热水器的燃烧器，其特征在于，该燃烧器包括：多个并列的加热管1，点火用细燃气管2，点火用燃气阀门3，生物质燃气管4、12，生物质燃气阀门5，点火嘴6，点火孔7，送风机8，送风管9、11，送风阀门10，和送风孔13，其中点火用细燃气管2在燃烧器的加热管1内底部并且与加热管1呈密闭连结结构，点火嘴6在加热管1的内前端并与点火孔7基本上在一条直线上，同时送风孔13在加热管的尾部。送风孔13和点火嘴6由如下含铬铁合金构成，该含铬铁合金包括：以该 含铬铁合金的总重量计，C为2.5％，Si为0.8％，Mn为0.6％，P为0.025％，S为0.04％，V为0.20％，Ti为0.010％，Cr为17.0％，余量为铁和不可避免的杂质。
对比例1
对比例1与实施例1的区别仅在于加热管1的内表面不施加防腐蚀层。
对比例2
对比例2与实施例2的区别仅在于送风孔13和点火嘴6由常规马氏体不锈钢制成。
实施例1和对比例1相比，加热管的使用寿命提高3倍，实施例2与对比例2相比，送风孔和点火嘴的使用寿命提高平均6倍。延长的使用寿命意味着降低的故障率、较高的热水产生效率和较低的成本，这在工业上具有非常大的经济意义。
本书面描述使用实例来公开本发明，包括最佳模式，且还使本领域技术人员能够制造和使用本发明。本发明的可授予专利的范围由权利要求书限定，且可以包括本领域技术人员想到的其它实例。如果这种其它实例具有不异于权利要求书的字面语言的结构元素，或者如果这种其它实例包括与权利要求书的字面语言无实质性差异的等效结构元素，则这种其它实例旨在处于权利要求书的范围之内。在不会造成不一致的程度下，通过参考将本文中参考的所有引用之处并入本文中。

Claims (7)

  1. 用于生物质燃气工业热水器的燃烧器，其特征在于，该燃烧器包括：多个并列的加热管(1)，点火用细燃气管(2)，点火用燃气阀门(3)，生物质燃气管(4，12)，生物质燃气阀门(5)，点火嘴(6)，点火孔(7)，送风机(8)，送风管(9，11)，送风阀门(10)，和送风孔(13)，其中点火用细燃气管(2)在燃烧器的加热管(1)内底部并且与加热管(1)呈密闭连结结构，点火嘴(6)在加热管(1)的内前端并且与点火孔(7)基本上在一条直线上，同时送风孔(13)在加热管的尾部。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的燃烧器，其特征在于，数个并列的加热管(1)相连结合并固定在热水器上，形成一体结构。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的燃烧器，其特征在于，点火用细燃气管(2)固定在多个加热管中的一个加热管(1)内，由点火用燃气阀门(3)调节燃气出气量。
  4. 根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的燃烧器，其特征在于，每个加热管(1)都连接生物质燃气管(4，12)，各自由阀门(5)控制燃气量。
  5. 根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的燃烧器，其特征在于，加热管(1)尾部上连接送风管(9)，送风管(9)连接送风机(8)，由阀门(10)控制送风量。
  6. 根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的燃烧器，其特征在于，其中所述生物质燃气是从建筑垃圾回收的生物质进行气化得到的生物质燃气。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的燃烧器，其特征在于，其中该燃烧器适用于生物质燃气的燃烧，能够使98体积％以上的生物质燃气完全燃烧。
PCT/CN2016/077768 2015-06-22 2016-03-29 用于生物质燃气工业热水器的燃烧器 WO2016206431A1 (zh)

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