WO2016202233A1 - 一种红磷微粉水性悬浮液阻燃剂及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents

一种红磷微粉水性悬浮液阻燃剂及其制备方法与应用 Download PDF

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WO2016202233A1
WO2016202233A1 PCT/CN2016/085663 CN2016085663W WO2016202233A1 WO 2016202233 A1 WO2016202233 A1 WO 2016202233A1 CN 2016085663 W CN2016085663 W CN 2016085663W WO 2016202233 A1 WO2016202233 A1 WO 2016202233A1
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red phosphorus
micropowder
flame retardant
aqueous suspension
solution
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PCT/CN2016/085663
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English (en)
French (fr)
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郭岳
李谦
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中蓝晨光化工研究设计院有限公司
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Publication of WO2016202233A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016202233A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/02—Elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
    • C08K9/04—Ingredients treated with organic substances

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a red phosphorus flame retardant, and more particularly to a red phosphorus micro powder aqueous suspension flame retardant and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of flame retardant preparations and preparation.
  • Red phosphorus is a highly effective flame retardant. Red phosphorus is easily oxidized to phosphorus oxide by heat. In the case of water, it is rapidly converted into phosphoric acid, metaphosphoric acid, polyphosphoric acid, etc. to cover the surface of the fuel and protect it. And shielding effect, mixed phosphoric acid has a strong dehydration and carbonization effect on the polymer at high temperature, and can form a stable glass carbonization layer on the surface of the fuel to further enhance the flame retardant effect.
  • the addition of red phosphorus in the finishing of polymer foaming materials, epoxy and unsaturated polyester coatings, coatings and fabrics can effectively play a role in flame retardancy, but the red phosphorus micropowder is easy to agglomerate due to its small particle size.
  • red phosphorus When the red phosphorus is just dispersed for about 10 minutes, it is almost complete. Settling, so that it can not be well added and a large amount of addition, especially when dealing with a large amount of polymer, paint, coating and fabric requiring high content of red phosphorus, it can not meet the required requirements, and achieve a very uniform The flame retardant effect; finally, because of its rapid settling speed, it cannot be prepared in large quantities in a certain period of time.
  • the invention aims to provide a red phosphorus micropowder aqueous suspension flame retardant and a preparation method thereof for the problem that the existing red phosphorus micropowder is difficult to disperse and difficult to be added in a large amount when used for coating, coating and fabric flame retardant.
  • the red phosphorus micropowder aqueous suspension flame retardant prepared by the method has a red phosphorus content of 20% to 60%, and the active ingredient has high red phosphorus content, and the aqueous suspension has good fluidity, and is easy to be added, processed and dispersed during use. It is uniform and has a good uniform flame retardant effect on the treated material.
  • the aqueous suspension flame retardant has good stability, stable time of more than half a year, low odor, and can be prepared and used on a large scale.
  • the preparation principle of the red phosphorus micro powder aqueous suspension flame retardant of the invention is:
  • the surface tension of the solidified particles is also easily wetted while reducing the interfacial tension between the liquid-liquid or solid-liquid.
  • an adsorption layer can be formed on the surface of the solid particles to increase the charge on the surface of the solid particles, and to increase the reaction force between the particles forming the steric hindrance, so that the surface of the solid particles forms a bilayer structure, and the outer layer of the dispersant is polar.
  • the end has a strong affinity with water, which can increase the degree of wetness of solid particles by water, and the solid particles are separated by electrostatic repulsion; secondly, by adding anti-settling agent to the water dispersion system of red phosphorus fine powder,
  • the anti-settling agent forms a three-dimensional network structure in the system and increases the uniformity and suspension performance of the system, thereby maintaining the relative stability of the dispersion system.
  • the viscosity of the suspension can also be adjusted by adding a thickener to achieve a better operation effect.
  • the invention relates to a red phosphorus micro powder aqueous suspension flame retardant, characterized in that the red phosphorus micro powder aqueous suspension has a red phosphorus content of 20% to 50%, a viscosity of 10 to 500 cp, and usually 10 to 100 cp.
  • the preparation method of the red phosphorus micro powder aqueous suspension flame retardant is carried out as follows:
  • red phosphorus micropowder based on the red phosphorus micropowder, add 0.5 to 5% by weight. Grinding dispersing agent and 5-10% water, grinding, so that the surface of the red phosphorus powder is evenly covered with a wetting dispersing agent;
  • step B The red phosphorus micropowder coated with a layer of wet dispersing agent after being ground in step A is transferred into a plastic cup container, and 80-390% of water is added as red phosphorus powder according to the weight ratio, and then the high-speed shearing emulsifier is used. Disperse at 3000 ⁇ 5000rpm for 30min;
  • step B In the red phosphorus micropowder solution dispersed in step B, add anti-settling agent which is 1 ⁇ 10% of the mass of red phosphorus micropowder solution, and continue to disperse for 10-15 min at 3000-6000 rpm until the anti-settling agent is evenly dispersed. That is, a red phosphorus micropowder aqueous suspension flame retardant product is obtained.
  • a thickener of 0.1 to 5% by mass of the red phosphorus micropowder solution may be added, and the dispersion is further continued to obtain the red phosphorus powder having an increased viscosity.
  • Suspension flame retardant products After adding the anti-precipitation agent for dispersion in step C, a thickener of 0.1 to 5% by mass of the red phosphorus micropowder solution may be added, and the dispersion is further continued to obtain the red phosphorus powder having an increased viscosity. Suspension flame retardant products.
  • the red phosphorus fine powder may be replaced by stabilized red phosphorus fine powder, and the particle diameter thereof is less than 100 ⁇ m.
  • the stabilized red phosphorus fine powder refers to a red phosphorus fine powder coated with an organic or inorganic material.
  • the wetting dispersing agent is an anionic polyfunctional polymer alkoxide solution, an acrylate copolymer ammonium salt solution, an acrylamide propyl trimethyl ammonium chloride solution, a butyl acrylate-acrylic acid copolymer ammonium salt solution, N- At least one of oleoyl sarcosine octadecyl salt solution, ammonium lauryl sulfate solution or ammonium lauryl sulfate solution.
  • the anti-settling agent is one or more of fumed silica, organic bentonite, modified urea solution, acrylic emulsion or hydrogenated castor oil.
  • the thickener is one or more of polyvinyl alcohol PVA, polyethylene glycol PEG, polyacrylamide PMA or soluble starch.
  • the thickener is polyvinyl alcohol PVA1788, polyethylene glycol PEG600 or polyacrylamide PMA having a molecular weight of 3 million.
  • the red phosphorus micropowder aqueous suspension flame retardant prepared by the invention can be used in the form of liquid addition for impregnation and coating flame retardancy of polymer aqueous foaming, carpet, non-woven fabric, etc., and can also be directly used for natural Flame retardant of rubber, elastomer, latex, adhesive, coating and polymer foaming, generally used in a weight ratio of 5 to 15%, and also with metal hydroxides, melamine and its derivatives, polyphosphates, etc. Used together to achieve better flame retardant effects.
  • Adding water to the red phosphorus micropowder after wetting and grinding, and then adding anti-settling agent to the red phosphorus micropowder water dispersion system can effectively increase the suspension performance of the dispersion system, thereby maintaining the relative dispersion of the dispersion system well. Stable, and stable for more than half a year, low odor.
  • the aqueous suspension flame retardant of the invention has a red phosphorus content of 20% to 60%, a viscosity of 10 to 500 cp, usually 10 to 100 cp, not only an active ingredient having a high red phosphorus content, but also an aqueous suspension having good fluidity. It is easy to add, handle and disperse even when used, and has a good uniform flame retardant effect on the treated material. At the same time, the aqueous suspension flame retardant has good stability, stable time of more than half a year, and low odor, which can be large. Scale preparation and use.
  • the red phosphorus powder coated with a layer of wet dispersing agent after the step A is transferred into a plastic cup, 78g water is added, and then dispersed at 5000 rpm with a high-speed shear emulsifier disperser for 30 min;
  • step C Add 0.5 g of the modified urea solution to the red phosphorus micropowder solution dispersed in step B, and continue to disperse for 10 min at 3000 rpm to obtain a red phosphorus micropowder aqueous suspension flame retardant product.
  • red phosphorus micropowder aqueous suspension flame retardant The properties of the red phosphorus micropowder aqueous suspension flame retardant are as follows:
  • Viscosity 10 cp, low odor, suspension, storage time of 6 months, long-term storage with thixotropic, slight agitation to become a flowable liquid.
  • the red phosphorus powder coated with a layer of wet dispersing agent after the step A is transferred into a plastic cup, 95g of water is added, and then dispersed at 5000 rpm with a high-speed shear emulsifier disperser for 30 min;
  • red phosphorus micropowder aqueous suspension flame retardant The properties of the red phosphorus micropowder aqueous suspension flame retardant are as follows:
  • Viscosity 20 cp, low odor, suspension, storage time of 6 months, long-term preservation with thixotropic, slight agitation to become a flowable liquid.
  • the red phosphorus powder coated with a layer of wet dispersing agent after the step A is transferred into a plastic cup, 90g of water is added, and then dispersed at 5000 rpm with a high-speed shear emulsifier disperser for 30 min;
  • step C Add 2.5 g of modified urea solution to the red phosphorus micropowder solution dispersed in step B, and continue to disperse for 10 min at 3000 rpm, then add 0.2 g of polyacrylamide, and disperse for 2 min at 3000 rpm to obtain an aqueous suspension of red phosphorus micropowder. Flame retardant products.
  • red phosphorus micropowder aqueous suspension flame retardant The properties of the red phosphorus micropowder aqueous suspension flame retardant are as follows:
  • Viscosity 20 cp, low odor, suspension, storage time of 6 months, long-term preservation with thixotropic, slight agitation to become a flowable liquid.
  • A in 500g, particle size 50 ⁇ m stabilized red phosphorus micropowder, 25g of ammonium lauryl sulfate solution and 25 water, after grinding, the surface of the red phosphorus powder is evenly covered with a layer of wet dispersant;
  • step B The red phosphorus micropowder coated with a layer of wet dispersing agent after being ground in step A is transferred into a plastic cup, and 425 g of water is added, and then dispersed at 5000 rpm for 30 min with a high speed shear emulsifier disperser;
  • step C Add 30 g of fumed silica and 20 g of acrylic emulsion to the red phosphorus micropowder solution dispersed in step B, and continue to disperse at 4000 rpm for 15 min, then add 50 g of soluble starch, and disperse for 5 min at 5000 rpm to obtain red phosphorus powder. Suspension flame retardant products.
  • red phosphorus micropowder aqueous suspension flame retardant The properties of the red phosphorus micropowder aqueous suspension flame retardant are as follows:
  • Viscosity 500cp, very low odor, thixotropic fluid, storage time of 6 months, long-term preservation with thixotropic, slight agitation to become a flowable liquid.
  • the red phosphorus powder coated with a layer of wet dispersing agent after the step A is transferred into a plastic cup, 160 g of water is added, and then dispersed by a high-speed shear emulsifier at 3000 rpm for 30 min;
  • step C Add 10 g of hydrogenated castor oil and 5 g of organic solution to the red phosphorus micropowder solution dispersed in step B. Bentonite, and continued to disperse for 15 min at 6000 rpm, then add 2 g of polyvinyl alcohol, and disperse for 5 min at 5000 rpm to obtain a red phosphorus micropowder aqueous suspension flame retardant product.
  • red phosphorus micropowder aqueous suspension flame retardant The properties of the red phosphorus micropowder aqueous suspension flame retardant are as follows:
  • Viscosity 20cp, very low odor, thixotropic fluid, storage time of 6 months, long-term preservation with thixotropic, slight agitation to become a flowable liquid.
  • the red phosphorus powder coated with a layer of wet dispersing agent after the step A is transferred into a plastic cup, 86g of water is added, and then dispersed at 5000 rpm with a high-speed shear emulsifier disperser for 30 min;
  • step C Add 2.5 g of modified urea solution and 5 g of fumed silica to the red phosphorus micropowder solution dispersed in step B, and continue to disperse at 3000 rpm for 10 min, then add 6 g of PEG 600, and disperse for 5 min at 4000 rpm to obtain red phosphorus.
  • Micronized aqueous suspension flame retardant products
  • red phosphorus micropowder aqueous suspension flame retardant The properties of the red phosphorus micropowder aqueous suspension flame retardant are as follows:
  • Viscosity 50 cp, very low odor, thixotropic fluid, storage time of 6 months, long-term preservation with thixotropic, slight agitation to become a flowable liquid.
  • A in 2000g, a particle size of 100 ⁇ m red phosphorus micropowder, 10g of ammonium lauryl sulfate ammonium salt solution, and 200g of water after grinding, the surface of the red phosphorus micropowder is evenly covered with a layer of wet dispersant;
  • the red phosphorus powder coated with a layer of wet dispersing agent after the step A is transferred into a plastic cup, 1790g water is added, and then dispersed at 5000 rpm with a high-speed shear emulsifier disperser for 30 min;
  • step C Add 100 g of acrylic acid emulsion and 100 g of hydrogenated castor oil to the red phosphorus micropowder solution dispersed in step B, and continue to disperse at 5000 rpm for 10 min to obtain a red phosphorus micropowder aqueous suspension flame retardant. product.
  • red phosphorus micropowder aqueous suspension flame retardant The properties of the red phosphorus micropowder aqueous suspension flame retardant are as follows:
  • Viscosity 150 cp, very low odor, thixotropic fluid, storage time of 6 months, long-term storage with thixotropic, slight agitation to become a flowable liquid.
  • red phosphorus powder in 100g, 50 ⁇ m red phosphorus powder, add 2g acrylate copolymer ammonium salt solution, and 2g acrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium chloride solution and 8g water, and then grind, the surface of red phosphorus powder is even Covered with a layer of wet dispersant;
  • the red phosphorus powder coated with a layer of wet dispersing agent after the step A is transferred into a plastic cup, 150 g of water is added, and then dispersed at 4000 rpm for 30 min with a high-speed shear emulsifier disperser;
  • step C Add 5 g of modified urea solution to the red phosphorus micropowder solution dispersed in step B, and continue to disperse for 12 min at 5000 rpm, then add 0.2 g of polyvinyl alcohol, and continue to disperse for 2 min at 3000 rpm to obtain an aqueous suspension of red phosphorus micropowder. Flame retardant products.
  • red phosphorus micropowder aqueous suspension flame retardant The properties of the red phosphorus micropowder aqueous suspension flame retardant are as follows:
  • Viscosity 50 cp, very low odor, suspension, storage time of 6 months, long-term preservation with thixotropic, slight agitation to become a flowable liquid.
  • the red phosphorus powder coated with a layer of wet dispersing agent after the step A is transferred into a plastic cup, 200g of water is added, and then dispersed at 5000 rpm with a high-speed shear emulsifier disperser for 30 min;
  • step C Add 18g of fumed silica and 2g of acrylic emulsion to the red phosphorus micropowder solution dispersed in step B, and continue to disperse for 15min at 5000rpm to obtain a red phosphorus micropowder aqueous suspension flame retardant.
  • red phosphorus micropowder aqueous suspension flame retardant The properties of the red phosphorus micropowder aqueous suspension flame retardant are as follows:
  • Viscosity 120 cp, very low odor, suspension, storage time of 6 months, long-term storage with thixotropic, slight agitation to become a flowable liquid.
  • red phosphorus powder in 500g, 30 ⁇ m red phosphorus powder, 10g anionic polyfunctional polymer alkoxide solution, 5g butyl acrylate-acrylic acid copolymer ammonium salt solution and 50g water, grinding, causing red phosphorus powder surface Evenly covering a layer of wet dispersant;
  • step B The red phosphorus micropowder coated with a layer of wet dispersing agent after being ground in step A is transferred into a plastic cup, and 1500 g of water is added, and then dispersed at 5000 rpm for 30 min with a high speed shear emulsifier disperser;
  • step C Add 10 g of hydrogenated castor oil to the red phosphorus micropowder solution dispersed in step B, and continue to disperse for 13 min at 4000 rpm, then add 25 g of polyethylene glycol, and disperse for 5 min at 3000 rpm to obtain a red phosphorus micropowder aqueous suspension. Fuel product.
  • red phosphorus micropowder aqueous suspension flame retardant The properties of the red phosphorus micropowder aqueous suspension flame retardant are as follows:
  • Viscosity 65 cp, low odor, suspension, storage time of 6 months, long-term storage with thixotropic, slight agitation to become a flowable liquid.
  • the red phosphorus powder coated with a layer of wet dispersing agent after the step A is transferred into a plastic cup, 100g of water is added, and then dispersed by a high-speed shear emulsifier at 3000rpm for 30min;
  • step C Add 5 g of organic bentonite to the red phosphorus micropowder solution dispersed in step B, and continue to disperse at 5000 rpm for 10 min to obtain a red phosphorus micropowder aqueous suspension flame retardant product.
  • red phosphorus micropowder aqueous suspension flame retardant The properties of the red phosphorus micropowder aqueous suspension flame retardant are as follows:
  • Viscosity 30 cp, low odor, suspension, storage time of 6 months, long-term storage with thixotropic, slight agitation to become a flowable liquid.

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Abstract

一种红磷微粉水性悬浮液阻燃剂及其制备方法，其制备步骤为:于红磷微粉中加入润湿分散剂及适量水进行研磨；将经润湿研磨后的红磷微粉中加入水进行分散处理；在分散后的红磷微粉溶液中加入抗沉降剂继续分散均匀即得红磷微粉水性悬浮液阻燃剂，红磷含量20％～60％，粘度10～500cp，通常在10～100cp，该水性悬浮液具有良好的流动性和触变性，并对处理的材料具有良好的均匀阻燃效果，同时，其稳定性好且气味低，可广泛应用于各种需要阻燃的聚合物、涂料、涂层和织物中。

Description

一种红磷微粉水性悬浮液阻燃剂及其制备方法与应用 技术领域
本发明涉及一种红磷阻燃剂，更具体地说，本发明涉及一种红磷微粉水性悬浮液阻燃剂及其制备方法，属于阻燃制剂及制备技术领域。
背景技术
红磷是一种高效的阻燃剂，红磷受热易氧化成氧化磷，在有水的情况下，又迅速转化为磷酸、偏磷酸、聚磷酸等覆盖在被燃物的表面，起着保护和屏蔽作用，混磷酸在高温下对聚合物有很强的脱水炭化作用，可在被燃物表面形成稳定的玻璃炭化层，进一步增强阻燃效果。在聚合物发泡材料、环氧和不饱和聚酯涂层、涂料及织物的整理中添加红磷可有效地起到阻燃的作用，但红磷微粉由于粒径小，直接添加易团聚，分散不均匀，很难起到好的、均匀的阻燃效果；直接采用水或其它溶剂把红磷微粉分散、搅匀进行添加，这种添加也存在很大的弊端。首先，由于红磷的密度约为2.34g/cm3，比水或使用的有机溶剂密度相对大得多，因此很容易沉降而固液分相，在添加的时候分散不均匀；其次，用水和其它溶剂对红磷进行直接分散，溶液中红磷的含量受限，当红磷在溶液中的含量超过20％，其沉降的速度就非常快，当把刚分散的红磷静置10min左右就几乎完全沉降，以至于不能很好的添加和大量的添加，尤其是在处理大量的聚合物、涂料、涂层和织物需高含量红磷时，基本无法满足所需要求，并达到很好的均匀的阻燃效果；最后，因其沉降速度快，所以不能在一定时间内大量制备。
发明内容
本发明旨在针对现有红磷微粉在用于涂层、涂料以及织物阻燃时，不易分散并难以大量添加的问题，提供一种红磷微粉水性悬浮液阻燃剂及其制备方法。由该方法制得的红磷微粉水性悬浮液阻燃剂，红磷含量为20％～60％，不但有效成分红磷含量高，且水性悬浮液流动性好，使用时易于添加、处理和分散均匀，并对处理的材料具有很好的均匀的阻燃效果，同时，该水性悬浮液阻燃剂稳定性好，稳定时间达半年以上，且气味低，可大规模制备和使用。
本发明的目的是基于以下的原理及所实施的技术方案来实现。
本发明红磷微粉水性悬浮液阻燃剂的制备原理是：
首先，通过采用湿润分散剂，并以研磨的方式使分散剂吸附于固体颗粒的表面，使得在降低液-液或固-液之间的界面张力的同时，也使凝聚的固体颗粒表面易于湿润，同时还可在固体颗粒的表面形成吸附层，使固体颗粒表面的电荷增加，并提高形成立体阻碍的颗粒间的反作用力，使固体粒子表面形成双分子层结构，其外层分散剂极性端与水有较强亲合力，可增加固体粒子被水润湿的程度，而固体颗粒之间因静电斥力而远离；其次，通过在红磷微粉的水分散体系中添加抗沉降剂，可使抗沉降剂在体系中形成立体的网络结构并使体系的均匀、悬浮性能增加，从而保持分散体系的相对稳定。另外，为与阻燃材料的粘度相匹配，还可通过加入增稠剂来对悬浮液的粘度进行调节，以达到更好的操作效果。
根据上述原理，本发明采用的技术方案如下：
一种红磷微粉水性悬浮液阻燃剂，其特征在于：所述红磷微粉水性悬浮液的红磷含量为20％～50％，粘度为10～500cp，通常在10～100cp。
所述红磷微粉水性悬浮液阻燃剂的制备方法按如下步骤进行：
A、于称量的红磷微粉中，以红磷微粉为基准，按重量比分别加入0.5～5％ 的润湿分散剂和5～10％的水后进行研磨，以使红磷微粉表面均匀覆盖一层湿润分散剂；
B、将经步骤A研磨后表面覆盖有一层湿润分散剂的红磷微粉转入到塑料杯容器中，按重量比加入为红磷微粉80～390％的水，然后用高速剪切乳化分散器在3000～5000rpm下，分散30min；
C、在经步骤B分散后的红磷微粉溶液中，再加入为红磷微粉溶液质量1～10％的抗沉降剂，并在3000～6000rpm下继续分散10～15min，至抗沉降剂分散均匀即得红磷微粉水性悬浮液阻燃剂产品。
根据阻燃材料的粘度需求，在步骤C加入抗沉淀剂进行分散后，还可添加为红磷微粉溶液质量0.1～5％的增稠剂，并继续分散以得到粘度增大的红磷微粉水性悬浮液阻燃剂产品。
所述红磷微粉可用稳定化红磷微粉替代，其粒径均小于100μm。
所述稳定化红磷微粉是指采用有机或无机材料进行包覆后的红磷微粉。
所述湿润分散剂为阴离子型多官能团聚合物醇铵盐溶液、丙烯酸酯共聚物铵盐溶液、丙烯酰胺丙基三甲基氯化铵溶液、丙烯酸丁酯-丙烯酸共聚物铵盐溶液、N-油酰肌氨酸十八胺盐溶液、十二烷基硫酸铵盐溶液或月桂醇硫酸酯铵盐溶液等中的至少一种。
所述抗沉降剂为气相二氧化硅、有机膨润土、改性脲溶液、丙烯酸乳液或氢化蓖麻油等中的一种或几种。
所述增稠剂为聚乙烯醇PVA、聚乙二醇PEG、聚丙烯酰胺PMA或可溶性淀粉中的一种或几种。
所述增稠剂为聚乙烯醇PVA1788、聚乙二醇PEG600或分子量在300万的聚丙烯酰胺PMA。
本发明所制备的红磷微粉水性悬浮液阻燃剂，它可以以液态添加的形式用于聚合物水性发泡、地毯、无纺布等的浸渍和涂覆阻燃，也可以直接用于天然橡胶、人造橡胶、乳胶、胶粘剂、涂料以及聚合物发泡的阻燃，一般的使用量按重量比为5～15％，还可以与金属氢氧化物、三聚氰胺及其衍生物、聚磷酸盐等共同使用以达到更佳的阻燃效果。
本发明突出的技术效果表现在：
1、加入湿润分散剂并经润湿研磨处理，在分散剂均匀的吸附于红磷微粉的表面后，不仅可增加固体粒子被水润湿的程度，还可使固体颗粒之间因静电斥力而远离，从而有效阻止了红磷微粉的团聚。
2、在经润湿研磨后的红磷微粉中加水分散，然后再于该红磷微粉水分散体系中添加抗沉降剂，可有效增加分散体系的悬浮性能，从而很好的保持分散体系的相对稳定，且稳定时间达半年以上，气味低。
3、通过加入增稠剂来调节悬浮液的粘度，可满足不同阻燃材料的粘度需求，从而达到更好的操作效果。
4、本发明的水性悬浮液阻燃剂，红磷含量为20％～60％，粘度为10～500cp，通常在10～100cp，不但有效成分红磷含量高，且水性悬浮液流动性好，使用时易于添加、处理和分散均匀，并对处理的材料具有很好的均匀的阻燃效果，同时，该水性悬浮液阻燃剂稳定性好，稳定时间达半年以上，且气味低，可大规模制备和使用。
具体实施方式
实施例1
A、于20g、粒径50μm的红磷微粉中，加入0.5g丙烯酸酯共聚物铵盐溶 液和2g水后进行研磨，致红磷微粉表面均匀覆盖一层湿润分散剂；
B、将经步骤A研磨后表面覆盖有一层湿润分散剂的红磷微粉转入到塑料杯中，加入78g水，然后用高速剪切乳化分散器在5000rpm下，分散30min；
C、在经步骤B分散后的红磷微粉溶液中加入0.5g改性脲溶液，并在3000rpm下继续分散10min，即得红磷微粉水性悬浮液阻燃剂产品。
该红磷微粉水性悬浮液阻燃剂的性能如下：
粘度：10cp，气味低，悬浮液，保存时间6个月，长时间保存具有触变性，轻微搅动即成可流动性液体。
实施例2
A、于100g、粒径100μm的红磷微粉中，加入3g阴离子型多官能团聚合物醇铵盐溶液和5g水后进行研磨，致红磷微粉表面均匀覆盖一层湿润分散剂；
B、将经步骤A研磨后表面覆盖有一层湿润分散剂的红磷微粉转入到塑料杯中，加入95g水，然后用高速剪切乳化分散器在5000rpm下，分散30min；
C、在经步骤B分散后的红磷微粉溶液中加入2.5g改性脲溶液，并在5000rpm下继续分散5min，即得红磷微粉水性悬浮液阻燃剂产品。
该红磷微粉水性悬浮液阻燃剂的性能如下：
粘度：20cp，气味低，悬浮液，保存时间6个月，长时间保存具有触变性，轻微搅动即成可流动性液体。
实施例3
A、于100g、粒径50μm的红磷微粉中，加入2g丙烯酸酯共聚物铵盐溶液和8水后进行研磨，致红磷微粉表面均匀覆盖一层湿润分散剂；
B、将经步骤A研磨后表面覆盖有一层湿润分散剂的红磷微粉转入到塑料杯中，加入90g水，然后用高速剪切乳化分散器在5000rpm下，分散30min；
C、在经步骤B分散后的红磷微粉溶液中加入2.5g改性脲溶液，并在3000rpm下继续分散10min，然后加入0.2g聚丙烯酰胺，3000rpm下分散2min即得红磷微粉水性悬浮液阻燃剂产品。
该红磷微粉水性悬浮液阻燃剂的性能如下：
粘度：20cp，气味低，悬浮液，保存时间6个月，长时间保存具有触变性，轻微搅动即成可流动性液体。
实施例4
A、于500g、粒径50μm的稳定化红磷微粉中，加入25g十二烷基硫酸铵盐溶液和25水后进行研磨，致红磷微粉表面均匀覆盖一层湿润分散剂；
B、将经步骤A研磨后表面覆盖有一层湿润分散剂的红磷微粉转入到塑料杯中，加425g水，然后用高速剪切乳化分散器在5000rpm下，分散30min；
C、在经步骤B分散后的红磷微粉溶液中加入30g气相二氧化硅和20g丙烯酸乳液，并在4000rpm下继续分散15min，然后再加入50g可溶性淀粉，5000rpm下分散5min即得红磷微粉水性悬浮液阻燃剂产品。
该红磷微粉水性悬浮液阻燃剂的性能如下：
粘度：500cp，气味极低，触变性流体，保存时间6个月，长时间保存具有触变性，轻微搅动即成可流动性液体。
实施例5
A、于200g、粒径100μm的红磷微粉中，加入10g丙烯酸丁酯-丙烯酸共聚物铵盐溶液和10g水后进行研磨，致红磷微粉表面均匀覆盖一层湿润分散剂；
B、将经步骤A研磨后表面覆盖有一层湿润分散剂的红磷微粉转入到塑料杯中，加160g水，然后用高速剪切乳化分散器在3000rpm下，分散30min；
C、在经步骤B分散后的红磷微粉溶液中加入10g氢化蓖麻油和5g有机 膨润土，并在6000rpm下继续分散15min，然后再加入2g聚乙烯醇，5000rpm下分散5min即得红磷微粉水性悬浮液阻燃剂产品。
该红磷微粉水性悬浮液阻燃剂的性能如下：
粘度：20cp，气味极低，触变性流体，保存时间6个月，长时间保存具有触变性，轻微搅动即成可流动性液体。
实施例6
A、于100g、粒径10μm的稳定化红磷微粉中，加入4g丙烯酸酯共聚物铵盐溶液和4g水后进行研磨，致红磷微粉表面均匀覆盖一层湿润分散剂；
B、将经步骤A研磨后表面覆盖有一层湿润分散剂的红磷微粉转入到塑料杯中，加86g水，然后用高速剪切乳化分散器在5000rpm下，分散30min；
C、在经步骤B分散后的红磷微粉溶液中加入2.5g改性脲溶液和5g气相二氧化硅，并在3000rpm下继续分散10min，然后再加入6g PEG600，4000rpm下分散5min即得红磷微粉水性悬浮液阻燃剂产品。
该红磷微粉水性悬浮液阻燃剂的性能如下：
粘度：50cp，气味极低，触变性流体，保存时间6个月，长时间保存具有触变性，轻微搅动即成可流动性液体。
实施例7
A、于2000g、粒径100μm的红磷微粉中，加入10g月桂醇硫酸酯铵盐溶液，和200g水后进行研磨，致红磷微粉表面均匀覆盖一层湿润分散剂；
B、将经步骤A研磨后表面覆盖有一层湿润分散剂的红磷微粉转入到塑料杯中，加1790g水，然后用高速剪切乳化分散器在5000rpm下，分散30min；
C、在经步骤B分散后的红磷微粉溶液中加入100g丙烯酸乳液和100g氢化蓖麻油，并在5000rpm下继续分散10min，即得红磷微粉水性悬浮液阻燃剂 产品。
该红磷微粉水性悬浮液阻燃剂的性能如下：
粘度：150cp，气味极低，触变性流体，保存时间6个月，长时间保存具有触变性，轻微搅动即成可流动性液体。
实施例8
A、于100g、粒径50μm的红磷微粉中，加入2g丙烯酸酯共聚物铵盐溶液，和2g丙烯酰胺丙基三甲基氯化铵溶液和8g水后进行研磨，致红磷微粉表面均匀覆盖一层湿润分散剂；
B、将经步骤A研磨后表面覆盖有一层湿润分散剂的红磷微粉转入到塑料杯中，加150g水，然后用高速剪切乳化分散器在4000rpm下，分散30min；
C、在经步骤B分散后的红磷微粉溶液中加入5g改性脲溶液，并在5000rpm下继续分散12min，然后加入0.2g聚乙烯醇，3000rpm下继续分散2min即得红磷微粉水性悬浮液阻燃剂产品。
该红磷微粉水性悬浮液阻燃剂的性能如下：
粘度：50cp，气味极低，悬浮液，保存时间6个月，长时间保存具有触变性，轻微搅动即成可流动性液体。
实施例9
A、于200g、粒径30μm的红磷微粉中，加入2g月桂醇酸酯铵盐溶液和14g水后进行研磨，致红磷微粉表面均匀覆盖一层湿润分散剂；
B、将经步骤A研磨后表面覆盖有一层湿润分散剂的红磷微粉转入到塑料杯中，加200g水，然后用高速剪切乳化分散器在5000rpm下，分散30min；
C、在经步骤B分散后的红磷微粉溶液中加入18g气相二氧化硅、2g丙烯酸乳液，并在5000rpm下继续分散15min，即得红磷微粉水性悬浮液阻燃剂产 品。
该红磷微粉水性悬浮液阻燃剂的性能如下：
粘度：120cp，气味极低，悬浮液，保存时间6个月，长时间保存具有触变性，轻微搅动即成可流动性液体。
实施例10
A、于500g、粒径30μm的红磷微粉中，加入10g阴离子型多官能团聚合物醇铵盐溶液、5g丙烯酸丁酯-丙烯酸共聚物铵盐溶液和50g水后进行研磨，致红磷微粉表面均匀覆盖一层湿润分散剂；
B、将经步骤A研磨后表面覆盖有一层湿润分散剂的红磷微粉转入到塑料杯中，加1500g水，然后用高速剪切乳化分散器在5000rpm下，分散30min；
C、在经步骤B分散后的红磷微粉溶液中加入10g氢化蓖麻油，并在4000rpm下继续分散13min，然后加入25g聚乙二醇，3000rpm下分散5min，即得红磷微粉水性悬浮液阻燃剂产品。
该红磷微粉水性悬浮液阻燃剂的性能如下：
粘度：65cp，气味低，悬浮液，保存时间6个月，长时间保存具有触变性，轻微搅动即成可流动性液体。
实施例11
A、于50g、粒径10μm的红磷微粉中，加入5g十二烷基硫酸铵盐溶液和5g水后进行研磨，致红磷微粉表面均匀覆盖一层湿润分散剂；
B、将经步骤A研磨后表面覆盖有一层湿润分散剂的红磷微粉转入到塑料杯中，加100g水，然后用高速剪切乳化分散器在3000rpm下，分散30min；
C、在经步骤B分散后的红磷微粉溶液中加入5g有机膨润土，并在5000rpm下继续分散10min，即得红磷微粉水性悬浮液阻燃剂产品。
该红磷微粉水性悬浮液阻燃剂的性能如下：
粘度：30cp，气味低，悬浮液，保存时间6个月，长时间保存具有触变性，轻微搅动即成可流动性液体。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种红磷微粉水性悬浮液阻燃剂，其特征在于：所述红磷微粉水性悬浮液的红磷含量为20％～60％，粘度为10～500cp。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的红磷微粉水性悬浮液阻燃剂，其特征在于：所述红磷微粉水性悬浮液的粘度为10～50cp。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的红磷微粉水性悬浮液阻燃剂的制备方法，其特征在于：工艺步骤如下：
    A、于称量的红磷微粉中，以红磷微粉为基准，按重量比分别加入0.5～5％的润湿分散剂和5～10％的水后进行研磨，以使红磷微粉表面均匀覆盖一层湿润分散剂；
    B、将经步骤A研磨后表面覆盖有一层湿润分散剂的红磷微粉转入到塑料杯容器中，按重量比加入为红磷微粉80～390％的水，然后用高速剪切乳化分散器在3000～5000rpm下，分散30min；
    C、在经步骤B分散后的红磷微粉溶液中，再加入为红磷微粉溶液质量1～10％的抗沉降剂，并在3000～6000rpm下继续分散10～15min，至抗沉降剂分散均匀即得红磷微粉水性悬浮液阻燃剂产品。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的红磷微粉水性悬浮液阻燃剂的制备方法，其特征在于：在步骤C加入抗沉淀剂进行分散后，再添加为红磷微粉溶液质量0.1～5％的增稠剂。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的红磷微粉水性悬浮液阻燃剂的制备方法，其特征在于：所述红磷微粉用稳定化红磷微粉替代，其粒径均小于100μm。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的红磷微粉水性悬浮液阻燃剂的制备方法，其特征在于：所述湿润分散剂为阴离子型多官能团聚合物醇铵盐溶液、丙烯酸酯共聚物铵盐溶液、丙烯酰胺丙基三甲基氯化铵溶液、丙烯酸丁酯-丙烯酸共聚物铵 盐溶液、N-油酰肌氨酸十八胺盐溶液、十二烷基硫酸铵盐溶液或月桂醇硫酸酯铵盐溶液中的至少一种。
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的红磷微粉水性悬浮液阻燃剂的制备方法，其特征在于：所述抗沉降剂为气相二氧化硅、有机膨润土、改性脲溶液、丙烯酸乳液或氢化蓖麻油中的一种或几种。
  8. 根据权利要求3所述的红磷微粉水性悬浮液阻燃剂的制备方法，其特征在于：所述增稠剂为聚乙烯醇PVA、聚乙二醇PEG、聚丙烯酰胺PMA或可溶性淀粉中的一种或几种。
  9. 根据权利要求3所述的红磷微粉水性悬浮液阻燃剂的制备方法，其特征在于：所述增稠剂为聚乙烯醇PVA1788、聚乙二醇PEG600或分子量在300万的聚丙烯酰胺PMA。
  10. 一种如权利要求1或2所述的红磷微粉水性悬浮液阻燃剂，以液态添加的形式在聚合物水性发泡、地毯、无纺布中的浸渍和涂覆阻燃应用，或者直接用于天然橡胶、人造橡胶、乳胶、胶粘剂、涂料以及聚合物发泡的阻燃，使用量按重量比为5～15％。
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