WO2016185075A1 - Un sistema y un procedimiento para generar hidrógeno - Google Patents
Un sistema y un procedimiento para generar hidrógeno Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016185075A1 WO2016185075A1 PCT/ES2016/070377 ES2016070377W WO2016185075A1 WO 2016185075 A1 WO2016185075 A1 WO 2016185075A1 ES 2016070377 W ES2016070377 W ES 2016070377W WO 2016185075 A1 WO2016185075 A1 WO 2016185075A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- hydrogen
- alkaline earth
- water
- primary
- products
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/06—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents
- C01B3/08—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents with metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J7/00—Apparatus for generating gases
- B01J7/02—Apparatus for generating gases by wet methods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/06—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/06—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents
- C01B3/065—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents from a hydride
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/06—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents
- C01B3/068—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents the hydrogen being generated from the water as a result of a cyclus of reactions, not covered by groups C01B3/063 or C01B3/105
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a system and a method for generating hydrogen.
- the system of the invention can safely generate a continuous controlled hydrogen flow.
- the passive self-sufficient hydrogen system of the invention is very valuable, for example, for the reserve of energy in case of emergency, propulsion application, battery charging or power of portable devices.
- the present invention also relates to a chemical process for generating hydrogen using alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, alkali metal hydrides or alkaline earth metal hydrides to obtain primary by-products from water. Then, the primary by-products react with a metal reagent to obtain additional hydrogen.
- hydrogen fuel offers the highest potential benefits in terms of reduced emissions of pollutants and greenhouse gases, but to date there is still a lack of efficiency in its production.
- a passive system can be based on different chemical procedures. Chemical water dissociation procedures are the only option for this type of hydrogen generation process. Recently, some advances have been made in this field using alkali and alkaline earth metals and alloys in the liquid state, as described in EP2394953.
- EP2394953 describes a reaction between an alkali metal, liquefied alkaline earth metal or an alloy of any of said metals and water, as well as an improved way to recycle said metals or alloys after hydrogen generation.
- Patent application US20140363370 describes a process for generating hydrogen from water, from alkali metal hydroxide and a metal comprising the steps of housing an alkali metal hydroxide and a metal element supply body in a sealable housing. in order to form a reaction space on the alkali metal hydroxide; heat up to a temperature above the melting point of the alkali metal hydroxide to prepare a molten salt, release a large number of particles including the metal and supply steam.
- patent application WO2010076802 refers to increasing the reactivity of aluminum with water to obtain hydrogen.
- Applicants of the present invention reveal that aluminum can be activated by treating it with small amounts of lithium or lithium hydride, apparently forming a solid solution of lithium and aluminum. Then, the composition based on activated aluminum can react spontaneously with water even at room temperature and at neutral or near neutral pH without adding any chemicals to the water.
- the system of the invention can safely generate a continuous controlled hydrogen flow.
- the system comprises: a structural material to support a primary reagent and a reinforcement reagent; a moderating material and a diffuser material.
- Structural material is required for different purposes.
- the first function is to allow the primary reagent to be distributed in a way that shows a specific contact interface with water.
- the second functionality is to ensure proper contact of the different reagents.
- the third function is to provide protection, form and configuration to be handled safely during transport and use.
- the fourth function is to transfer heat from the reaction surface to the moderating material.
- the structural material can be designed according to the specifications of weight, volume and robustness.
- the structure can be layered, laminar, lattice, particle bed, tubular, dough structure, honeycomb, sandwich, trabecular or any other required by use.
- moderator material is defined as a material that slows down the speed of the process.
- the moderator can reduce the primary reaction rate by removing heat towards the structural material or displacing the primary and secondary reaction in the opposite manner according to the law of mass action of each reaction.
- the diffuser material is a material that can transport water in a controlled manner to ensure proper contact with the reagent surface primary and permeate hydrogen from the reaction surface to ensure the required hydrogen purity.
- the first aspect of the invention is:
- a system for generating hydrogen from water comprising:
- a primary solid state reagent selected from: alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, alkaline earth metal alloys, alkali metal hydrides or alkaline earth metal hydrides and;
- a solid state reinforcement reagent selected from: silicon, tin, iron, zinc, manganese, aluminum, iron, beryllium, magnesium or alloy among them;
- Another aspect of the invention is a process that is passive and self-sufficient.
- the process of the invention begins with the reaction of liquid water with the primary reagent to obtain hydrogen and to generate primary by-products.
- the primary by-products react with a reinforcement reagent selected from metal to obtain an additional hydrogen gas generation and generate secondary by-products.
- the second aspect of the invention relates to a process for generating hydrogen from water in a chain reaction comprising the steps of:
- step a) reacting the hydroxide obtained in step a) with water and with solid state reagent selected from: silicon, tin, zinc iron, manganese, aluminum, iron, beryllium, magnesium or alloy between them in the state solid to obtain additional hydrogen and an oxide as by-products;
- solid state reagent selected from: silicon, tin, zinc iron, manganese, aluminum, iron, beryllium, magnesium or alloy between them in the state solid to obtain additional hydrogen and an oxide as by-products;
- FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of the system of the invention. Detailed description of the invention
- Another aspect of the present invention relates to a system for generating hydrogen from water, which comprises:
- a primary solid state reagent selected from: alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, alkaline earth metal alloys, alkali metal hydrides or alkaline earth metal hydrides and;
- a solid state reinforcement reagent selected from: silicon, tin, iron, zinc, manganese, aluminum, iron, beryllium, magnesium or alloy among them; (b) a moderating material that is in contact with the structural material
- the structural material is selected from inorganic solid metal, oxide, salt, graphite, sulfur and steel. Alkali metal hydroxides and alkaline earth metal hydroxides are known to be strongly corrosive. Therefore, in a particular embodiment the structural material is steel.
- the moderator material is selected from a phase change material (MCF) such as salt hydrates, metals, salts, eutectic compounds or any material that can release primary or secondary by-products when the temperature increases, such as materials nanostructured, inorganic sorbent material, zeolites and others.
- MCF phase change material
- the moderator is barium salts.
- the diffuser material can be any porous material with diffusion properties such as synthesized steels, metal membranes, among others.
- the diffuser material is inert or compatible with reagents, by-products, water and hydrogen.
- one aspect of the present invention relates to a process for generating hydrogen from water in a chain reaction comprising the steps of:
- step a) reacting the hydroxide obtained in step a) with water and with a metal selected from: silicon, tin, zinc, manganese, aluminum, iron, beryllium, magnesium or alloy between them in solid state to obtain additional hydrogen and an oxide as by-products;
- the alkali and alkaline earth are selected from: Li, Na, K and Mg
- the preferred suitable metal reagents are Na and Li
- a particularly preferred one is Na because it has a low melting point and is abundant.
- Other useful alloys comprise, for example, potassium and sodium, such as Na / K 56/44 alloy, which melts at 6.8 ° C, or lithium and strontium, such as Li / Sr 12/88 alloy, which melts at 132 ° C.
- the example is prepared as follows:
- Reagents sodium metal; ferrosilicon; structural material: steel sheet moderator: CuS0 + BaCI 2 + NH 4 CI; Mesh: SS304 steel mesh
- the total weight of the different elements was as follows:
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
MX2017014786A MX2017014786A (es) | 2015-05-20 | 2016-05-19 | Un sistema y un procedimiento para generar hidrogeno. |
US15/575,776 US11383976B2 (en) | 2015-05-20 | 2016-05-19 | System and process for generating hydrogen |
JP2018512495A JP6839481B2 (ja) | 2015-05-20 | 2016-05-19 | 水素発生システムとそのプロセス |
CN201680039223.6A CN107922187B (zh) | 2015-05-20 | 2016-05-19 | 制氢***和方法 |
RU2017144609A RU2729502C2 (ru) | 2015-05-20 | 2016-05-19 | Система и способ получения водорода |
CA2986516A CA2986516C (en) | 2015-05-20 | 2016-05-19 | A system and a process for generating hydrogen |
AU2016265482A AU2016265482B2 (en) | 2015-05-20 | 2016-05-19 | System and process for generating hydrogen |
CONC2017/0011707A CO2017011707A2 (es) | 2015-05-20 | 2017-11-17 | Un sistema y un procedimiento para generar hidrógeno |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP15382262.2 | 2015-05-20 | ||
EP15382262.2A EP3095758B1 (en) | 2015-05-20 | 2015-05-20 | A system and a process for generating hydrogen |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2016185075A1 true WO2016185075A1 (es) | 2016-11-24 |
Family
ID=53269425
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/ES2016/070377 WO2016185075A1 (es) | 2015-05-20 | 2016-05-19 | Un sistema y un procedimiento para generar hidrógeno |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11383976B2 (es) |
EP (1) | EP3095758B1 (es) |
JP (1) | JP6839481B2 (es) |
CN (1) | CN107922187B (es) |
AU (1) | AU2016265482B2 (es) |
CA (1) | CA2986516C (es) |
CO (1) | CO2017011707A2 (es) |
ES (1) | ES2716423T3 (es) |
MX (1) | MX2017014786A (es) |
PT (1) | PT3095758T (es) |
RU (1) | RU2729502C2 (es) |
WO (1) | WO2016185075A1 (es) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111481425A (zh) * | 2019-01-25 | 2020-08-04 | 曹荣华 | 微环境氢气供给透气层及外敷袋 |
US20210276865A1 (en) * | 2020-03-03 | 2021-09-09 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Hydrogen reactor |
US11383975B2 (en) | 2020-05-25 | 2022-07-12 | Silican Inc. | Composite for generating hydrogen |
CN112079333B (zh) * | 2020-09-07 | 2022-08-09 | 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 | 一种链式反应制氢***及制氢方法 |
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EP1845572A1 (en) * | 2006-04-10 | 2007-10-17 | Honeywell Inc. | Silicide fueled power generators and methods related thereto |
WO2010076802A1 (en) | 2009-01-05 | 2010-07-08 | Technion - Research & Development Foundation Ltd | Compositions and methods for hydrogen generation |
US20100247426A1 (en) * | 2009-03-30 | 2010-09-30 | Signa Chemistry, Inc. | Hydrogen generation systems utilizing sodium silicide and sodium silica gel materials |
EP2394953A1 (en) | 2010-05-13 | 2011-12-14 | Amalio Garrido Escudero | A system for controlled on demand in situ hydrogen generation using a recyclable liquid metal reagent, and method used in the system |
US20140363370A1 (en) | 2010-01-06 | 2014-12-11 | Yasuo Ishikawa | Method of generating hydrogen |
US20150111120A1 (en) * | 2013-10-23 | 2015-04-23 | Honeywell International Inc. | Fuel cell based power generator and fuel cartridge |
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GB579246A (en) * | 1943-07-08 | 1946-07-29 | British Non Ferrous Metals Res | Improvements in the production of hydrogen |
US3911284A (en) * | 1972-10-27 | 1975-10-07 | Stephen F Skala | Fuel and vehicle system based on liquid alkali metal |
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JP2004307328A (ja) * | 2003-03-25 | 2004-11-04 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 水素製造方法、水素製造装置およびこれを備えた発動機 |
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-
2015
- 2015-05-20 EP EP15382262.2A patent/EP3095758B1/en active Active
- 2015-05-20 PT PT15382262T patent/PT3095758T/pt unknown
- 2015-05-20 ES ES15382262T patent/ES2716423T3/es active Active
-
2016
- 2016-05-19 US US15/575,776 patent/US11383976B2/en active Active
- 2016-05-19 CA CA2986516A patent/CA2986516C/en active Active
- 2016-05-19 JP JP2018512495A patent/JP6839481B2/ja active Active
- 2016-05-19 AU AU2016265482A patent/AU2016265482B2/en active Active
- 2016-05-19 WO PCT/ES2016/070377 patent/WO2016185075A1/es active Application Filing
- 2016-05-19 MX MX2017014786A patent/MX2017014786A/es unknown
- 2016-05-19 CN CN201680039223.6A patent/CN107922187B/zh active Active
- 2016-05-19 RU RU2017144609A patent/RU2729502C2/ru active
-
2017
- 2017-11-17 CO CONC2017/0011707A patent/CO2017011707A2/es unknown
Patent Citations (6)
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EP1845572A1 (en) * | 2006-04-10 | 2007-10-17 | Honeywell Inc. | Silicide fueled power generators and methods related thereto |
WO2010076802A1 (en) | 2009-01-05 | 2010-07-08 | Technion - Research & Development Foundation Ltd | Compositions and methods for hydrogen generation |
US20100247426A1 (en) * | 2009-03-30 | 2010-09-30 | Signa Chemistry, Inc. | Hydrogen generation systems utilizing sodium silicide and sodium silica gel materials |
US20140363370A1 (en) | 2010-01-06 | 2014-12-11 | Yasuo Ishikawa | Method of generating hydrogen |
EP2394953A1 (en) | 2010-05-13 | 2011-12-14 | Amalio Garrido Escudero | A system for controlled on demand in situ hydrogen generation using a recyclable liquid metal reagent, and method used in the system |
US20150111120A1 (en) * | 2013-10-23 | 2015-04-23 | Honeywell International Inc. | Fuel cell based power generator and fuel cartridge |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3095758A1 (en) | 2016-11-23 |
RU2729502C2 (ru) | 2020-08-07 |
AU2016265482A1 (en) | 2017-12-14 |
PT3095758T (pt) | 2019-03-29 |
JP6839481B2 (ja) | 2021-03-10 |
RU2017144609A3 (es) | 2019-08-19 |
ES2716423T3 (es) | 2019-06-12 |
MX2017014786A (es) | 2018-04-24 |
EP3095758B1 (en) | 2018-12-19 |
CN107922187B (zh) | 2021-09-28 |
JP2018515418A (ja) | 2018-06-14 |
CN107922187A (zh) | 2018-04-17 |
CA2986516C (en) | 2022-10-18 |
US20180297841A1 (en) | 2018-10-18 |
CO2017011707A2 (es) | 2018-01-31 |
AU2016265482B2 (en) | 2020-07-09 |
CA2986516A1 (en) | 2016-11-24 |
RU2017144609A (ru) | 2019-06-20 |
US11383976B2 (en) | 2022-07-12 |
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