WO2016183999A1 - 多功能灭火救援工程车 - Google Patents

多功能灭火救援工程车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016183999A1
WO2016183999A1 PCT/CN2015/090699 CN2015090699W WO2016183999A1 WO 2016183999 A1 WO2016183999 A1 WO 2016183999A1 CN 2015090699 W CN2015090699 W CN 2015090699W WO 2016183999 A1 WO2016183999 A1 WO 2016183999A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rescue
frame
engineering vehicle
fire fighting
multifunctional fire
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PCT/CN2015/090699
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张锡进
杨茂功
张中军
张锡亮
张明军
Original Assignee
张锡进
杨茂功
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Application filed by 张锡进, 杨茂功 filed Critical 张锡进
Publication of WO2016183999A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016183999A1/zh

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C27/00—Fire-fighting land vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of fire protection, in particular to a multifunctional fire fighting and rescue engineering vehicle.
  • Fire-fighting and rescue engineering vehicles are essential weapons for fire fighting and rescue operations of various fire rescue forces.
  • fire-fighting and rescue engineering vehicles have been greatly developed, especially all kinds of fire-fighting fire trucks, high-rise fire trucks, special fire trucks and backup fire trucks provide a strong guarantee for fire fighting and rescue.
  • existing fire trucks also have many drawbacks in practical applications.
  • the road adaptability is poor. Most of the existing fire trucks are modified by road transport vehicle chassis. The road has poor adaptability and low passability. It can only be driven on flat roads. It is powerless for terrain complex, rough roads and even no roads. It is not allowed to drive on mountainous terrain, grassland or river ditch.
  • the invention provides a multifunctional fire fighting and rescue engineering vehicle with simple and reliable structure, strong road adaptability and various functions.
  • the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
  • a multifunctional fire fighting and rescue engineering vehicle includes a front frame and a rear frame, the front frame and the rear frame being hinged by a hinge device, and the front frame is provided with a cab a vehicle compartment is disposed on the rear frame, and the multifunctional fire fighting and rescue engineering vehicle is provided with a shovel clearing device and a grounding fire extinguishing device, and the multifunctional fire fighting and rescue engineering vehicle is further provided with a water sprinkler device and / or compressed air foam fire extinguishing equipment.
  • the hinge device is two groups, which are an upper hinge device and a lower hinge device, respectively.
  • the central axes of the upper hinge device and the lower hinge device coincide, and the lower hinge device is a floating structure.
  • the upper hinge device includes two oblique thrust bearings disposed opposite each other, and the lower hinge device includes a joint bearing.
  • the sprinkler apparatus includes a first water tank and a first water pump, the first water tank and the first water pump are disposed in the vehicle compartment;
  • the compressed air foam fire extinguishing apparatus includes a second water tank, a second water pump, a foam liquid tank, a foam liquid pump, an air compressor, and a gas-liquid proportional mixing foamer, wherein the second water tank, the second water pump, the foam liquid tank, the foam liquid pump, the air compressor, and the gas-liquid proportional mixing foaming device are disposed at the In the vehicle compartment, the first water tank and the second water tank are the same equipment or different equipment, and the first water pump and the second water pump are the same equipment or different equipment.
  • the water tank and the foam liquid tank are filled with a flame retardant heat insulating material.
  • the earthmoving device is hinged at a front end of the front frame
  • the earth-blowing device is disposed at a rear end of the rear frame
  • the girders of the multifunctional fire-fighting and rescue engineering vehicle are box-shaped Framework.
  • the earthmoving device is a bucket, the bucket is an inverted six-bar linkage; the tiller device is a plow or a raft, and the plough or raft is connected to the The rear end of the rear frame and the angle of the plow or cymbal are controlled by a positioning pin that can be sheared.
  • the boring and extinguishing device further includes a support wheel that controls the depth of the plough or hoe, and a lifting device that controls the hoisting height of the plough or hoe.
  • the multifunctional fire fighting and rescue engineering vehicle further includes an air compressor, a hydraulic pump and a winch.
  • the rear frame is a box frame structure;
  • the car is a frame structure, and the car is connected with the rear frame to form an integrated structure;
  • the front axle of the multifunctional fire rescue engineering vehicle is a swing frame structure.
  • the frame of the multifunctional fire fighting and rescue engineering vehicle of the present invention is divided into a front frame and a rear frame 2, the cab is on the front frame, the carriage is on the rear frame, the front frame and Rear frame Hinged by hinges, the multi-purpose fire rescue vehicle is equipped with sprinkler equipment, compressed air foam fire extinguishing equipment, earthmoving equipment and earth-breaking equipment.
  • the multifunctional fire fighting and rescue engineering vehicle of the invention has simple and reliable structure and strong road adaptability. Since the frame of the multifunctional fire fighting and rescue engineering vehicle of the present invention is divided into two parts of the front frame and the rear frame, and the front frame and the rear frame are hinged by the hinge device, the front frame and the rear frame form a fold during cornering. The angle (up to 35 degrees), the structure is simple and reliable, and the turning radius of the outer contour of the multi-purpose fire fighting and rescue engineering vehicle is reduced, and the turning radius of the inner contour is increased, so that it can pass through the narrow passage; the front frame and The rear frame can be rotated relative to the common longitudinal axis, which significantly reduces the vertical runout of the wheel in the suspension system.
  • the multifunctional fire-fighting and rescue engineering vehicle of the invention eliminates the torsional load acting on the frame, thereby improving the reliability of the entire structure, unlike the ordinary automobile driving under the no-road condition, the frame has to bear a large axial direction.
  • the load of the vehicle can make the multi-purpose fire-fighting and rescue engineering vehicle run normally under the conditions of poor road surface and bad weather, so that the multi-functional fire-fighting and rescue engineering vehicle can drive in the rugged terrain without excessive requirements for the suspension device. It can be driven on cement, asphalt, sand, ice, mud and mud roads, and can pass through mountains, fields, grasslands, rugged roads and even roadless complex terrain.
  • the multifunctional fire fighting and rescue engineering vehicle of the invention has various functions.
  • the multifunctional fire fighting and rescue engineering vehicle of the invention integrates a sprinkler equipment, a compressed air foam fire extinguishing device, a shoveling obstacle removing device and a soil extinguishing device, and can be sprinkled by a sprinkler device, and is sprayed with a compressed air foam fire extinguishing device.
  • Compressed air foam fire extinguishing use sand smashing equipment to load sand to fill the gully or fire field, flatten the gully and the trees in front of the obstacles, and build a fire safety island and field helicopter airport on the grassland, using the earth-blowing equipment
  • the grassland is covered with grass to extinguish the fire or open a fire barrier.
  • the multifunctional fire fighting and rescue engineering vehicle of the invention has simple and reliable structure, strong road adaptability and various functions.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a multifunctional fire fighting and rescue engineering vehicle according to the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a partial structural view of the upper hinge device of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a partial structural view of the lower hinge device of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural view of a rear frame in the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of a front axle in the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural view of a passenger compartment in the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural view of a soil-explosion-extinguishing device in the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural view of a lower hinge device in the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a girders of a multifunctional fire fighting and rescue engineering vehicle according to the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a partial enlarged view of B in Figure 1;
  • Figure 11 is a partial enlarged view of A in Figure 1.
  • the invention provides a multifunctional fire fighting and rescue engineering vehicle.
  • the multifunctional fire fighting and rescue engineering vehicle comprises a front frame 1 and a rear frame 2, and the front frame 1 and the rear frame 2 are hinged by a hinge device 3
  • the front frame 1 is provided with a cab 11
  • the rear frame 2 is provided with a compartment 21
  • the multifunctional fire fighting and rescue engineering vehicle is provided with a shovel removing device 5 and a boring and extinguishing device 6
  • the multifunctional fire fighting and rescue device Sprinkler equipment and/or compressed air foam fire extinguishing equipment 5 are also provided on the truck.
  • the multifunctional fire-fighting and rescue engineering vehicle of the invention adopts an articulated engineering vehicle chassis, and uses an articulated device to connect the front frame and the rear frame.
  • the front frame is a power part, and the engine, the gearbox, the hydraulic pump and its operating system and driving can be arranged. Room, etc.; the rear frame is the cargo part, which can be equipped with water tank, foam tank and water pump, air compressor and other working devices.
  • the power part is connected with the cargo part through the hinge device, and the hinge device is directly connected with the front frame or the rear.
  • the frames are connected.
  • the front frame (rear frame) can be rotated to the left or right in the horizontal plane relative to the rear frame (front frame) to a certain degree of angle, or even folded together, so that the vehicle has good driving performance.
  • the multifunctional fire fighting and rescue engineering vehicle of the invention has simple and reliable structure and strong road adaptability. Since the frame of the multifunctional fire fighting and rescue engineering vehicle of the present invention is divided into two parts of the front frame and the rear frame, and the front frame and the rear frame are hinged by the hinge device, the front frame and the rear frame form a fold during cornering. Angle (up to 35 degrees), simple and reliable structure, and make the outer contour of multi-purpose fire rescue engineering The turning radius is reduced, and the inner contour turning radius is increased, so that it can pass through the narrow passage; the front frame and the rear frame can be rotated relative to the common longitudinal axis, which can significantly reduce the vertical direction of the wheel in the suspension system. beat.
  • the multifunctional fire-fighting and rescue engineering vehicle of the invention eliminates the torsional load acting on the frame, thereby improving the reliability of the entire structure, unlike the ordinary automobile driving under the no-road condition, the frame has to bear a large axial direction.
  • the load of the vehicle can make the multi-purpose fire-fighting and rescue engineering vehicle run normally under the conditions of poor road surface and bad weather, so that the multi-functional fire-fighting and rescue engineering vehicle can drive in the rugged terrain without excessive requirements for the suspension device. It can be driven on cement, asphalt, sand, ice, mud and mud roads, and can pass through mountains, fields, grasslands, rugged roads and even roadless complex terrain.
  • the multifunctional fire fighting and rescue engineering vehicle of the invention has various functions.
  • the multifunctional fire fighting and rescue engineering vehicle of the invention integrates a sprinkler equipment, a compressed air foam fire extinguishing device, a shoveling obstacle removing device and a soil extinguishing device, and can be sprinkled by a sprinkler device, and is sprayed with a compressed air foam fire extinguishing device.
  • Compressed air foam fire extinguishing use sand smashing equipment to load sand to fill the gully or fire field, flatten the gully and the trees in front of the obstacles, and build a fire safety island and field helicopter airport on the grassland, using the earth-blowing equipment
  • the grassland is covered with grass to extinguish the fire or open a fire barrier.
  • the multifunctional fire fighting and rescue engineering vehicle of the invention has simple and reliable structure, strong road adaptability and various functions.
  • the hinge device 3 is two groups, which are an upper hinge device 31 and a lower hinge device 32, respectively.
  • the central axes of the upper hinge device 31 and the lower hinge device 32 coincide, and the upper hinge device 31 and/or the lower hinge device 32 may be a floating structure.
  • the following hinge device is exemplified.
  • the so-called floating structure means that the pin shaft 81 is not positioned up and down in the joint bearing 321 so that the pin shaft 81 can float up and down in the axial direction of the joint bearing 321 (ie the pin can move axially relative to the bearing), the same as the upper hinge. 2, 3, 8, 10 and 11 are shown.
  • the two sets of hinges ensure the strength of the front frame and the rear frame.
  • the upper hinge and/or the lower hinge adopt a floating structure, which can eliminate the dimensional error of the front frame and the rear frame, reduce assembly stress and improve The service life of the frame, especially when the whole machine is running at a high speed, reduces the impact of the high-speed driving on the traction plate and improves the life of the hinge device.
  • the upper hinge device comprises two opposite oblique thrust bearings, preferably 33216 bearings, which can allow the front and rear vehicles to have a certain angle in the vertical direction
  • the lower hinge device includes a joint bearing, as shown in FIG. 8 and Figure 10 (where 321 is a joint bearing, 322 is a sealing strip, 323 is a bearing cartridge, 324 is a bearing cap), can work under poor concentricity, and can withstand large loads.
  • the two parts of the upper hinge device connected to the front frame and the rear frame have a certain gap in the axial direction (i.e., the up and down direction), so that the upper portion can be made
  • the hinge device floats up and down in the axial direction of the oblique thrust bearing (that is, the floating structure), and in the upper hinge device, the through hole on the 31' (ie, the pin shaft of the upper hinge device) is smaller than the inner diameter of the oblique thrust bearing, so the upper hinge
  • the device can be moved back and forth; the lower hinge device is also similar, as shown in Figure 10.
  • the sprinkler apparatus includes a first water tank and a first water pump, the first water tank and the first water pump are disposed in the vehicle compartment;
  • the compressed air foam fire extinguishing equipment includes a second water tank, a second water pump, a foam liquid tank, a foam liquid pump, and air compression a machine and a gas-liquid proportional mixing foamer, a second water tank, a second water pump, a foam liquid tank, a foam liquid pump, an air compressor, and a gas-liquid proportional mixing foaming device are disposed in the vehicle compartment, and the first water tank and the second water tank are The same device or the different devices may be used, and the first water pump and the second water pump may be the same device or different devices.
  • the existing fire trucks are generally loaded with water and foam liquid, directly sprayed with water or fired with an aspirating foam gun (or foam gun).
  • the utilization rate of water and foam liquid is not high, the fire extinguishing ability is low, the effect is poor, and the limited amount cannot be limited.
  • the energy efficiency of water and foam is fully utilized.
  • the compressed air foam fire extinguishing device of the present invention is a compressed air foam fire extinguishing system, which adopts compressed air foam fire extinguishing technology, and can be fired with compressed air foam or water.
  • the water tank and the foam tank are filled with a flame retardant insulation material, preferably a flame retardant rubber Insulation cotton, good thermal insulation effect, suitable for use at -40 to 75 degrees Celsius.
  • a flame retardant insulation material preferably a flame retardant rubber Insulation cotton, good thermal insulation effect, suitable for use at -40 to 75 degrees Celsius.
  • the frame of the multifunctional fire-fighting and rescue engineering vehicle is a box frame structure.
  • the box frame structure is formed by a high-strength steel plate welded by the upper cover plate 91, the lower cover plate 92, the inner side plate 93 and the outer side plate 94 to form a box-shaped structure, and the overall strength is greatly increased, and the load is large.
  • the torsion resistance is good, especially in the case that the vehicle body is shaken to the left and right during the driving process, the shear resistance of the frame can be improved, and the frame can be prevented from being damaged.
  • Shovel mitigation equipment is generally a loader bucket.
  • the loader bucket shovel, soil loading and earthmoving is a mature technology, but it has never been used in fire fighting and rescue vehicles because of the existing fire protection.
  • the chassis girders have low strength. If the bucket is installed, the axial load and radial torque during the shovel will damage the girders.
  • the chassis girders of the multifunctional fire-fighting and rescue engineering vehicle of the present invention are specially designed as a box-type frame structure, and have high structural strength, and can fully withstand the huge load generated when the bucket is shoveled.
  • the earth-blowing equipment is generally a plow or a hoe.
  • the plough or hoe is also a mature ploughing tool, it has never been used in fire-fighting and rescue vehicles. The reason is that the existing fire-fighting chassis girders have low strength and cannot be installed. In use, the chassis girders of the multifunctional fire fighting and rescue engineering vehicle of the present invention can fully withstand the huge load generated when the plough or the plow is turned.
  • the earthmoving device is a bucket, the bucket is a reverse six-bar linkage; the earth-blowing device is a plow or a hoe 61, and the plough or hoe 61 is connected to the rear end of the rear frame 2 via a rotary shaft pin 63. And the angle of the plough or cymbal 61 is controlled by a positioning pin 62 that can be sheared, as shown in FIG.
  • the above-mentioned bucket and plough or hoe use hydraulic system to control the lifting and tipping buckets to realize the functions of shovel, soil loading and earthmoving.
  • the hydraulic system is an open hydraulic system including oil pump, working valve, pilot valve and cylinder, and adopts a pilot. Control, manipulation is lighter and more flexible.
  • the bucket adopts the Z-type reverse six-bar linkage mechanism of the loader.
  • the unloading inertia is small, the unloading impact is reduced, and the dump bucket unloading is realized at any position to improve the working efficiency.
  • the bucket can flatten the shrubs, small trees, etc. in front of the road, and open a road suitable for the vehicle to advance. When encountering road conditions such as potholes, the surrounding earthwork can be pushed to the pothole to facilitate the passage of the vehicle.
  • the plough or ram is fixed on the support frame with the rotary pin (the support frame is arranged at the rear end of the rear frame), which can be quickly disassembled, the plough or the hoe can be rotated around the rotary pin, and the positioning pin can position the plough or the raft.
  • the degree of the device and the depth of the ploughing depth when encountering a hard obstacle such as a tree root or a stone in the ground, the plough or the raft is raised upward due to the certain floating function of the cylinder, and the resistance exceeds the tensile strength of the locating pin shaft.
  • the plow or rifle is bounced to prevent the plough or hoe from being damaged.
  • the number of ploughs or hoes is at least one, preferably three, and the tumbling fire extinguishing device further comprises a supporting height adjusting wheel for controlling the depth of the plough or hoe, and a lifting device for controlling the lifting height of the plough or hoe, and supporting the adjustment
  • the height wheel is two, and the lifting device is preferably a hydraulic cylinder.
  • the diameter of the positioning shaft pin is 16 mm.
  • the material is a heat-treated 45 steel, which has high rigidity, and the diameter of the rotary shaft pin is 60 mm.
  • a plow or hoe can be used to cover the grass to form a belt with a width greater than 400 mm to block the spread of fire.
  • the plow or hoe can be a plow, a disc plow, a disc harrow, a rotating plow, a rotating hoe, and the like.
  • the multifunctional fire fighting and rescue engineering vehicle of the present invention further includes an air compressor 7, a hydraulic pump 8, and a winch 9, etc., as shown in FIG.
  • the air compressor is output by a quick connector that provides compressed air power to an external pneumatic tool
  • the hydraulic pump is output by a quick connector that provides hydraulic power to hydraulic demolition tools and other hydraulic equipment
  • the winch is a hydraulic or electric winch, self-rescue with a winch or Rescue, and can achieve drag and drop.
  • Use hydraulic pumps and / or electric winches to save or rescue you can also use the hydraulic pump and air compressor on the car with hydraulic saws, hydraulic shears, hydraulic clamps, hydraulic tops, wind guns, pneumatic drills, pneumatic grinding machines and other tools for rescue action.
  • the air compressor, the hydraulic pump and the electric winch make the multi-functional fire-fighting and rescue engineering vehicle of the invention have a powerful rescue function, and provide a powerful fire-fighting and rescue weapon for the fire-fighting unit, thereby promoting the improvement of the combat effectiveness of the troops.
  • the rear frame is a box frame structure;
  • the carriage is a frame structure, and the carriage and the rear frame are connected to form an integrated structure;
  • the front axle of the multifunctional fire rescue engineering vehicle is a swing frame structure.
  • the front axle can swing around a longitudinal axis of the frame at a certain angle, and its swing angle is generally 12°, which can greatly improve vehicle stability and passing ability.
  • the rear frame can be welded into a 300*120 box frame structure with 20mm Q345-A steel plate. As shown in Figure 4, the strength is high, the load is large, and the torsion resistance is good, especially during driving. When the body is shaken to the left and right, the shear resistance of the frame can be improved and the frame can be prevented from being damaged.
  • the front axle adopts a swing frame structure, and the swing angle can reach 12 degrees, as shown in Fig. 5 (in Fig. 5, 51 is a swing frame), and the stability of the front frame is good when driving.
  • the cab is fixed on the front frame, and there is a damping rubber pad between the front frame and the front frame.
  • the cab has large-field tempered glass, good lighting, installation of upper and lower structure sliding window, good ventilation, and the cab is equipped with air-conditioning operation. The ride is more comfortable.
  • the interior is furnished with double-row seats, the front seats are adjustable shock-absorbing seats, and the rear seats are available for three support personnel.
  • the coaxial flow amplifying steering gear is adopted, the steering is light and flexible, and the action is stable and reliable.
  • the gearbox is powered by a stevar electronically controlled gearbox for easy handling and flexible shifting.
  • the service brake adopts the gas-top oil caliper disc foot brake, the parking brake and the emergency brake system adopt the air-breaking brake system, and the braking performance is safe and reliable.
  • the car is welded into a unitary frame by a square tube of 100*100*8. As shown in Fig. 6, the torsional performance of the car is improved.
  • the bolted connection between the car and the rear frame through the M30 makes the rear frame and the car body an integrated structure.
  • the frame structure ensures a higher structural strength of the entire vehicle. Due to the special nature of the structure, it can adapt to extremely poor terrain and has high reliability.
  • the foam tank and water tank and fire-fighting equipment are installed in the frame, and the bottom is equipped with 10mm damping rubber sheet.
  • the fire-fighting facilities do not swing the frame, avoiding resonance and improving the service life of the fire-fighting facilities.
  • the multifunctional fire-fighting and rescue engineering vehicle of the invention adopts a six-ton loader bridge, and the bridge is rigidly connected with the frame; the tire adopts a 23.5-25 wide-base bias tire, the tire diameter is 1615 mm, the tread width is 595 mm, and the ground clearance is high, and has good.
  • the tire adopts a 23.5-25 wide-base bias tire, the tire diameter is 1615 mm, the tread width is 595 mm, and the ground clearance is high, and has good.
  • the hood adopts a rear squat structure and is supported by two gas springs.
  • the opening is flexible and convenient, and is convenient for maintenance.
  • the multifunctional fire-fighting and rescue engineering vehicle of the invention has a minimum ground clearance of 450 mm, good passability and is suitable for complex terrain; the installation position of the silencer and the air filter is higher than 1500 mm, and the water repellency is good.
  • the multifunctional fire-fighting and rescue engineering vehicle of the invention adopts multi-axis all-wheel drive, and each shaft is equipped with a differential lock; the large-width wide-section tire has a small grounding pressure to ensure that the vehicle is soft and humid. Passage and stability of the soil ground.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

一种多功能灭火救援工程车，包括前车架（1）和后车架（2），前车架（1）和后车架（2）通过铰接装置（3）铰接，前车架（1）上设置有驾驶室（11），后车架（2）上设置有车厢（21），该多功能灭火救援工程车上设置有铲土清障设备（5）和翻土灭火设备（6），该多功能灭火救援工程车上还设置有喷水灭火设备和/或压缩空气泡沫灭火设备。该多功能灭火救援工程车道路适应能力强、功能多样。

Description

多功能灭火救援工程车 技术领域
本发明涉及消防领域，特别是指一种多功能灭火救援工程车。
背景技术
灭火救援工程车，尤其是消防车，是各类消防救援部队灭火救援战斗的必备武器。近年来，灭火救援工程车得到了长足的发展，尤其是各类灭火消防车、举高消防车、专勤消防车和后援消防车为灭火救援提供了强有力的保障。但是，现有的消防车在实际应用中也存有诸多弊端。
1、道路适应能力差。现有的各类消防车大部分都是用公路运输汽车底盘改装而成，道路适应能力差，通过能力低，只能在平坦的道路上行驶，对地形复杂、道路崎岖甚至无路的情况无能为力，不能在山区、草原、河沟地形上行驶。
2、功能单一。现有的各类消防车一般只具备有限的几种功能，不能满足灭火救援现场的多种复杂状况，限制了灭火救援的效果。
发明内容
本发明提供一种结构简单可靠、道路适应能力强、功能多样的多功能灭火救援工程车。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供技术方案如下：
一种多功能灭火救援工程车，所述多功能灭火救援工程车包括前车架和后车架，所述前车架和后车架通过铰接装置铰接，所述前车架上设置有驾驶室，所述后车架上设置有车厢，所述多功能灭火救援工程车上设置有铲土清障设备和翻土灭火设备，所述多功能灭火救援工程车上还设置有喷水灭火设备和/或压缩空气泡沫灭火设备。
进一步的，所述铰接装置为2组，分别为上铰接装置和下铰接装置， 所述上铰接装置和下铰接装置的中心轴重合，所述下铰接装置为浮动结构。
进一步的，所述上铰接装置包括相对设置的2个斜推力轴承，所述下铰接装置包括关节轴承。
进一步的，所述喷水灭火设备包括第一水箱和第一水泵，所述第一水箱和第一水泵设置在所述车厢内；所述压缩空气泡沫灭火设备包括第二水箱、第二水泵、泡沫液箱、泡沫液泵、空气压缩机和气液比例混合发泡器，所述第二水箱、第二水泵、泡沫液箱、泡沫液泵、空气压缩机和气液比例混合发泡器设置在所述车厢内，所述第一水箱和第二水箱为同一设备或不同设备，所述第一水泵和第二水泵为同一设备或不同设备。
进一步的，所述水箱和泡沫液箱周围填充有阻燃保温材料。
进一步的，所述铲土清障设备铰接在所述前车架的前端，所述翻土灭火设备设置在所述后车架的后端，所述多功能灭火救援工程车的大梁为箱式框架结构。
进一步的，所述铲土清障设备为铲斗，所述铲斗为反转六连杆机构；所述翻土灭火设备为犁或耙，所述犁或耙通过回转轴销连接到所述后车架的后端，并通过可被剪断的定位轴销控制所述犁或耙的角度。
进一步的，所述犁或耙的数量为至少一个，所述翻土灭火设备还包括控制所述犁或耙的入土深度的支撑调高轮以及控制所述犁或耙的升降高度的升降装置。
进一步的，所述多功能灭火救援工程车还包括空气压缩机、液压泵和绞盘。
进一步的，所述后车架为箱式框架结构；所述车厢为框架式结构，所述车厢与所述后车架连接成为一体结构；所述多功能灭火救援工程车的前桥为摆动架结构。
本发明具有以下有益效果：
与现有技术相比，本发明的多功能灭火救援工程车的车架分为前车架和后车架2部分，驾驶室在前车架上，车厢在后车架上，前车架和后车架 通过铰接装置铰接，该多功能灭火救援工程车上设置有喷水灭火设备、压缩空气泡沫灭火设备、铲土清障设备和翻土灭火设备。
本发明的多功能灭火救援工程车结构简单可靠、道路适应能力强。由于本发明的多功能灭火救援工程车的车架分为前车架和后车架2部分，并且前车架和后车架通过铰接装置铰接，在转弯时前车架和后车架形成折叠角(可达到35度)，结构简单可靠，且使得多功能灭火救援工程车外轮廓转弯半径减小，而内轮廓转弯半径加大，这样使得其可以在狭窄的通道内通行；前车架和后车架能相对于公共纵轴转动，可以明显地减少车轮在悬架***垂直方向跳动。本发明的多功能灭火救援工程车消除了作用在车架上的扭转载荷，因此可以提高整个结构的可靠性，不像普通汽车在无路条件下行驶时，车架要承受很大的沿轴向的载荷；可以使多功能灭火救援工程车在路面差、气候恶劣的条件下正常行驶，使得多功能灭火救援工程车能够在崎岖地带行驶而不会对悬架装置有过高的要求。可在水泥、沥青、砂石、冰雪、泥浆路面上行驶，并且可以通过山区、田野、草原、河沟崎岖道路甚至无路的复杂地形。
本发明的多功能灭火救援工程车功能多样。本发明的多功能灭火救援工程车集成了喷水灭火设备、压缩空气泡沫灭火设备、铲土清障设备和翻土灭火设备，可以使用喷水灭火设备喷水灭火，使用压缩空气泡沫灭火设备喷压缩空气泡沫灭火，使用铲土清障设备装载砂土填平沟堑或火场，推平沟坎和前方树木等障碍物，可在草原上建立防火安全岛和野战直升机机场，使用翻土灭火设备在草原上翻土覆盖草丛灭火或开辟防火隔离带。
故本发明的多功能灭火救援工程车结构简单可靠、道路适应能力强、功能多样。
附图说明
图1为本发明的多功能灭火救援工程车的结构示意图；
图2为本发明中的上铰接装置的部分结构示意图；
图3为本发明中的下铰接装置的部分结构示意图；
图4为本发明中的后车架的结构示意图；
图5为本发明中的前桥的结构示意图；
图6为本发明中的车厢的结构示意图；
图7为本发明中的翻土灭火设备的结构示意图；
图8为本发明中的下铰接装置的结构示意图；
图9为本发明的多功能灭火救援工程车的大梁的结构示意图；
图10为图1中B处的局部放大图；
图11为图1中A处的局部放大图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明要解决的技术问题、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图及具体实施例进行详细描述。
本发明提供一种多功能灭火救援工程车，如图1所示，该多功能灭火救援工程车包括前车架1和后车架2，前车架1和后车架2通过铰接装置3铰接，前车架1上设置有驾驶室11，后车架2上设置有车厢21，该多功能灭火救援工程车上设置有铲土清障设备5和翻土灭火设备6，该多功能灭火救援工程车上还设置有喷水灭火设备和/或压缩空气泡沫灭火设备5。
本发明的多功能灭火救援工程车采用铰接式工程车底盘，使用铰接装置连接前车架和后车架，前车架为动力部分，可以布置发动机、变速箱、液压泵及其操作***、驾驶室等；后车架为载货部分，可以布置水箱、泡沫液箱和水泵、空压机等工作装置，通过铰接装置将动力部分与载货部分连接起来，铰接装置直接与前车架或者后车架相连。前车架(后车架)可以在水平面内相对于后车架(前车架)向左或向右回转成一定度角，甚至是折叠在一起，使车辆具有良好的行驶性能。
本发明的多功能灭火救援工程车结构简单可靠、道路适应能力强。由于本发明的多功能灭火救援工程车的车架分为前车架和后车架2部分，并且前车架和后车架通过铰接装置铰接，在转弯时前车架和后车架形成折叠角(可达到35度)，结构简单可靠，且使得多功能灭火救援工程车外轮廓 转弯半径减小，而内轮廓转弯半径加大，这样使得其可以在狭窄的通道内通行；前车架和后车架能相对于公共纵轴转动，可以明显地减少车轮在悬架***垂直方向跳动。本发明的多功能灭火救援工程车消除了作用在车架上的扭转载荷，因此可以提高整个结构的可靠性，不像普通汽车在无路条件下行驶时，车架要承受很大的沿轴向的载荷；可以使多功能灭火救援工程车在路面差、气候恶劣的条件下正常行驶，使得多功能灭火救援工程车能够在崎岖地带行驶而不会对悬架装置有过高的要求。可在水泥、沥青、砂石、冰雪、泥浆路面上行驶，并且可以通过山区、田野、草原、河沟崎岖道路甚至无路的复杂地形。
本发明的多功能灭火救援工程车功能多样。本发明的多功能灭火救援工程车集成了喷水灭火设备、压缩空气泡沫灭火设备、铲土清障设备和翻土灭火设备，可以使用喷水灭火设备喷水灭火，使用压缩空气泡沫灭火设备喷压缩空气泡沫灭火，使用铲土清障设备装载砂土填平沟堑或火场，推平沟坎和前方树木等障碍物，可在草原上建立防火安全岛和野战直升机机场，使用翻土灭火设备在草原上翻土覆盖草丛灭火或开辟防火隔离带。
故本发明的多功能灭火救援工程车结构简单可靠、道路适应能力强、功能多样。
作为本发明的一种改进，如图1所示，铰接装置3为2组，分别为上铰接装置31和下铰接装置32，上铰接装置31和下铰接装置32的中心轴重合，上铰接装置31和/或下铰接装置32可以为浮动结构，以下铰接装置为例，所谓的浮动结构就是销轴81在关节轴承321中无上下定位，所以销轴81可以在关节轴承321轴向方向上下浮动(即销轴可以与轴承在轴向相对移动)，上铰接装置同样。如图2、图3、图8、10和图11所示。
两组铰接装置能够保证前车架和后车架连接的强度，同时，上铰接装置和/或下铰接装置采用浮动结构，能消除前车架和后车架的尺寸误差，减少装配应力，提高车架的使用寿命，尤其在整机高速行驶时，减少高速行驶对牵引板的冲击，提高铰接装置的寿命。
优选的，如图2和图11所示(其中311为斜推力轴承，312为防尘圈， 313为轴承盖)，上铰接装置包括相对设置的2个斜推力轴承，优选为33216轴承，能允许前后车在垂直方向上有一定的夹角，下铰接装置包括关节轴承，如图3、图8和图10所示(其中321为关节轴承，322为密封条，323为轴承盒，324为轴承盖)，能够在同心度较差的情况下工作，并且可以承受较大载荷。
并且由图11所示，上铰接装置的与前车架和后车架相连的两个部分(图中为31’和32”)在轴向(即上下方向)有一定的空隙，可以使得上铰接装置在斜推力轴承轴向方向上下浮动(即为浮动结构)，并且上铰接装置中，31’上的通孔(即上铰接装置的销轴空)小于斜推力轴承的内径，故上铰接装置可以前后移动；下铰接装置同样，如图10所示。进一步消除前车架和后车架的尺寸误差，减少装配应力，提高车架的使用寿命，尤其在整机高速行驶时，减少高速行驶对牵引板的冲击，进一步提高铰接装置的寿命。
上述喷水灭火设备包括第一水箱和第一水泵，第一水箱和第一水泵设置在车厢内；压缩空气泡沫灭火设备包括第二水箱、第二水泵、泡沫液箱、泡沫液泵、空气压缩机和气液比例混合发泡器，第二水箱、第二水泵、泡沫液箱、泡沫液泵、空气压缩机和气液比例混合发泡器设置在所述车厢内，第一水箱和第二水箱既可以为同一设备或者也可以为不同设备，第一水泵和第二水泵既可以为同一设备或者也可以为不同设备。
现有的消防车一般装载水和泡沫液，直接喷水或者用吸气式泡沫枪(或泡沫炮)灭火，水和泡沫液的利用率不高，灭火能力低，效果差，不能将有限的水和泡沫液的能效充分发挥出来。本发明的压缩空气泡沫灭火设备为压缩空气泡沫灭火***，采用压缩空气泡沫灭火技术，既可用压缩空气泡沫灭火，也可以使用水灭火。既可使用水箱自身所带的水，也可以使用其他水罐消防车供给的水，还可以通过水泵从附近的江、河、湖、泊、水塘中远程供水，组成一个泡沫供应站，向火场源源不断地输送泡沫，保证了灭火的连续性，灭火效果好，灭火剂利用率高。
优选的，水箱和泡沫液箱周围填充有阻燃保温材料，优选为阻燃橡塑 保温棉，保温效果良好，适合在-40～75摄氏度使用。
上述铲土清障设备5铰接在前车架1的前端，翻土灭火设备6设置在后车架2的后端，如图1所示，多功能灭火救援工程车的大梁为箱式框架结构，如图9所示，箱式框架结构是由上盖板91、下盖板92、内侧板93和外侧板94采用高强度钢板焊接成组成一个箱型结构，整体强度大大增高，承受载荷大，抗扭性好，尤其是在行驶过程中，车体左右摇晃比较厉害的的情况下，能提高车架的抗剪性，保证车架不被破坏。
铲土清障设备一般为装载机铲斗，装载机铲斗铲土、装土和推土清障是一种成熟的技术，但是从未在灭火救援工程车上使用，原因是现有的消防车底盘大梁强度低，如果将铲斗安装上，铲土时的轴向载荷和径向扭力会将大梁损毁。本发明的多功能灭火救援工程车的底盘大梁特别设计为箱式框架结构，具有很高的结构强度，完全可以承受铲斗铲土时产生的巨大载荷。
翻土灭火设备一般为犁或耙，犁或耙虽然也是一种成熟的犁地翻土工具，但从未在灭火救援工程车上使用，原因也是现有的消防车底盘大梁强度低，不能安装使用，本发明的多功能灭火救援工程车的底盘大梁完全可以承受犁或耙犁地翻土时产生的巨大载荷。
优选的，铲土清障设备为铲斗，铲斗为反转六连杆机构；翻土灭火设备为犁或耙61，犁或耙61通过回转轴销63连接到后车架2的后端，并通过可被剪断的定位轴销62控制所述犁或耙61的角度，如图7所示。
上述铲斗和犁或耙运用液压***控制升降和翻斗，实现铲土、装土和推土清障功能，该液压***为开式液压***，包括油泵、工作阀、先导阀和油缸，采用先导控制，操纵更轻便灵活。
具体的：
铲斗采用装载机的Z型反转六连杆机构，卸载惯性小，减少卸载冲击，在任意位置高度实现翻斗卸载，提高作业效率。利用铲斗能将前方的灌木、小树等推平，开辟一条适合车辆前进的道路，遇见坑洼等路况时，可将周围的土方推至坑洼处，方便车辆通过。
犁或耙用回转销轴固定在支撑架(支撑架设置在后车架的后端)上，可快速拆装，犁或耙可绕回转销轴回转，定位销轴将犁或耙定位，控制器其度和犁地深度，在遇到地下有树根或石头等较硬的障碍物时，由于油缸有一定的浮动功能，犁或耙向上升起，当阻力超过定位销轴的抗拉强度时，定位销轴剪断，犁或耙弹起，防止犁或耙被破坏。
更进一步的，犁或耙的数量为至少一个，优选为3个，翻土灭火设备还包括控制犁或耙的入土深度的支撑调高轮以及控制犁或耙的升降高度的升降装置，支撑调高轮优选为2个，升降装置优选为液压油缸，定位轴销的直径为16mm，材质为经热处理后的45号钢，有较高的刚性，回转轴销的直径为60mm。1个犁或耙可翻土覆盖草丛形成一条宽度大于400mm的隔离带，阻断火势蔓延。犁或耙可以为铧犁、圆盘犁、圆盘耙、旋转犁、旋转耙等。
本发明的多功能灭火救援工程车还包括空气压缩机7、液压泵8和绞盘9等，如图1所示。空气压缩机由快速接头输出，可为外接气动工具提供压缩空气动力；液压泵由快速接头输出，可为液压破拆工具和其他液压设备提供液压动力；绞盘为液压或电动绞盘，用绞盘自救或施救，并可实现拖拽功能。使用液压泵和/或电动绞盘自救或施救，还可以使用车上的液压泵和空气压缩机配备液压锯、液压剪、液压钳、液压顶、风炮、风钻、气动打磨机等工具进行救援行动。
空气压缩机、液压泵和电动绞盘等使本发明的多功能灭火救援工程车具有强大的救援功能，为消防部队提供一种强大的灭火救援武器，促进部队战斗力水平的提升。
本发明的多功能灭火救援工程车中，后车架为箱式框架结构；车厢为框架式结构，车厢与后车架连接成为一体结构；多功能灭火救援工程车的前桥为摆动架结构，前桥可绕车架纵轴在一定角度内摆动，其摆动角一般为12°，可大大提高车辆稳定性和通过能力。
后车架可以采用20mm的Q345-A钢板焊接成300*120的箱式框架结构，如图4所示，强度高，承受载荷大，抗扭性好，尤其是在行驶过程中， 车体左右摇晃比较厉害的的情况下，能提高车架的抗剪性，保证车架不被破坏。
前桥采用摆动架结构，摆动角可以达到12度，如图5所示(图5中，51为摆动架)，行驶时前车架稳定性好。
驾驶室固定在前车架上，与前车架之间有减震胶垫，驾驶室有大视野钢化玻璃，采光性好，安装上下结构推拉窗，通风良好，驾驶室装有冷暖空调操作，乘坐更舒适。室内布置采用双排座椅，前排座椅采用可调减震座椅，后排可搭乘三个辅助人员。
采用同轴流量放大转向器、转向轻便灵活、动作平稳可靠。
变速箱采用采埃夫电控变速箱，操纵轻便，变速灵活。
行车制动采用了气顶油钳盘式脚制动、停车制动和紧急制动***采用断气刹车***，制动性能安全可靠。
车厢采用100*100*8的方管焊接成整体框架，如图6所示，提高车厢的抗扭性能，车厢与后车架通过M30的螺栓连接使后车架与车厢成为一体结构，车厢采用框架结构，保证了整车的结构强度更高。由于结构的特殊性，它能适应极差的地形以及具有高的可靠性。
泡沫液箱和水箱以及消防设备安装在框架内，底部装有10mm减震胶板，在后车架摆动时，消防设施不随后车架摆动，避免了共振，提高消防设施的使用寿命。
本发明的多功能灭火救援工程车采用六吨装载机桥，桥与车架刚性连接；车胎采用23.5-25宽基斜交轮胎，轮胎直径1615mm，胎面宽595mm，离地间隙高，具有良好的越野性，充气压力前轮0.3Mpa，后轮0.4Mpa。胎压低对整车有一定的减震性。
机罩采用后掀结构，两只气弹簧支撑，开启灵活轻便，方便维修保养。
本发明的多功能灭火救援工程车最小离地间隙450mm，通过性好，适合复杂地形；消音器、空滤器安装位置高于1500mm，涉水性好。
本发明的多功能灭火救援工程车采用多轴全轮驱动，且每个轴上都配有差速锁；采用大型宽截面轮胎，其接地比压小，保证车辆在松软和潮湿 土壤地面的通过性和稳定性。
下面对本发明的多功能灭火救援工程车的性能参数进行举例介绍：
整机质量(空载)：20500kg
整机尺寸：10950x3050x3430mm
轴距：4740mm
轮距：2285mm
铲斗：
宽度：3050mm
斗容：0.5m3
卸载高度：900mm
后工作属具：
翻土深度：500mm
翻土宽度：1200mm
提升高度：700mm
发动机：潍柴斯太尔
功率转速：175kw/2200rp
变速箱：采埃夫200
水箱容量：5.0m3
泡沫液箱容量：2.0m3
水泵功率转速：50kw/1150rp
水泵扬程：90m
水泵流量：60m/h
泡沫泵功率转速：10kw/1150rp
泡沫扬程：≧3000m
整机速度：
前进一档：7km     后退一档：7km
前进二档：13km    后退二档：13km
前进三档：24km    后退三档：24km
前进四档：38km
以上所述是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明所述原理的前提下，还可以作出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种多功能灭火救援工程车，其特征在于，所述多功能灭火救援工程车包括前车架和后车架，所述前车架和后车架通过铰接装置铰接，所述前车架上设置有驾驶室，所述后车架上设置有车厢，所述多功能灭火救援工程车上设置有铲土清障设备和翻土灭火设备，所述多功能灭火救援工程车上还设置有喷水灭火设备和/或压缩空气泡沫灭火设备。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的多功能灭火救援工程车，其特征在于，所述铰接装置为2组，分别为上铰接装置和下铰接装置，所述上铰接装置和下铰接装置的中心轴重合，所述上铰接装置和/或下铰接装置为浮动结构。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的多功能灭火救援工程车，其特征在于，所述上铰接装置包括相对设置的2个斜推力轴承，所述下铰接装置包括关节轴承。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3任一权利要求所述的多功能灭火救援工程车，其特征在于，所述喷水灭火设备包括第一水箱和第一水泵，所述第一水箱和第一水泵设置在所述车厢内；所述压缩空气泡沫灭火设备包括第二水箱、第二水泵、泡沫液箱、泡沫液泵、空气压缩机和气液比例混合发泡器，所述第二水箱、第二水泵、泡沫液箱、泡沫液泵、空气压缩机和气液比例混合发泡器设置在所述车厢内，所述第一水箱和第二水箱为同一设备或不同设备，所述第一水泵和第二水泵为同一设备或不同设备。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的多功能灭火救援工程车，其特征在于，所述水箱和泡沫液箱周围填充有阻燃保温材料。
  6. 根据权利要求1至3任一权利要求所述的多功能灭火救援工程车，其特征在于，所述铲土清障设备铰接在所述前车架的前端，所述翻土灭火设备设置在所述后车架的后端，所述多功能灭火救援工程车的大梁为箱式框架结构。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的多功能灭火救援工程车，其特征在于，所述铲土清障设备为铲斗，所述铲斗为反转六连杆机构；所述翻土灭火设备 为犁或耙，所述犁或耙通过回转轴销连接到所述后车架的后端，并通过可被剪断的定位轴销控制所述犁或耙的角度。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的多功能灭火救援工程车，其特征在于，所述犁或耙的数量为至少一个，所述翻土灭火设备还包括控制所述犁或耙的入土深度的支撑调高轮以及控制所述犁或耙的升降高度的升降装置。
  9. 根据权利要求1至3任一权利要求所述的多功能灭火救援工程车，其特征在于，所述多功能灭火救援工程车还包括空气压缩机、液压泵和绞盘。
  10. 根据权利要求1至3任一权利要求所述的多功能灭火救援工程车，其特征在于，所述后车架为箱式框架结构；所述车厢为框架式结构，所述车厢与所述后车架连接成为一体结构；所述多功能灭火救援工程车的前桥为摆动架结构。
PCT/CN2015/090699 2015-05-15 2015-09-25 多功能灭火救援工程车 WO2016183999A1 (zh)

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