WO2016179933A1 - 一种背光模组及显示装置 - Google Patents

一种背光模组及显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016179933A1
WO2016179933A1 PCT/CN2015/089529 CN2015089529W WO2016179933A1 WO 2016179933 A1 WO2016179933 A1 WO 2016179933A1 CN 2015089529 W CN2015089529 W CN 2015089529W WO 2016179933 A1 WO2016179933 A1 WO 2016179933A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
backlight module
liquid crystal
light
polarizer
crystal lens
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2015/089529
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
林家强
Original Assignee
京东方科技集团股份有限公司
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Application filed by 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 filed Critical 京东方科技集团股份有限公司
Priority to US15/128,054 priority Critical patent/US10203548B2/en
Publication of WO2016179933A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016179933A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/29—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
    • G02F1/293—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection by another light beam, i.e. opto-optical deflection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/29—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133504—Diffusing, scattering, diffracting elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/13362—Illuminating devices providing polarized light, e.g. by converting a polarisation component into another one
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133621—Illuminating devices providing coloured light
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133504—Diffusing, scattering, diffracting elements
    • G02F1/133507—Films for enhancing the luminance
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
    • G02F1/133607—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members the light controlling member including light directing or refracting elements, e.g. prisms or lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133612—Electrical details

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of display, and in particular, to a backlight module and a display device.
  • the most accepted information in the human sensory organs is the visual organ.
  • society develops people need to use more and more visual information.
  • display technology uses the characteristics of light to form different forms of visual information based on the psychological and physiological characteristics of the person.
  • display technology is applied to display devices.
  • the viewing angle of a display device is limited, but in reality, people are required to view the display device from different directions in different use cases.
  • the display device needs to be viewed from an oblique angle in some cases.
  • a game that requires interaction with a mobile phone sensor, or a dynamic view stereoscopic technology like a fire phone requires viewing the screen from a different angle.
  • the angle of the backlight is usually designed to be concentrated and viewed from the front. Therefore, when the display device is viewed from an oblique angle, its display screen is significantly darkened.
  • the display device of the prior art can adopt a technology of combining a plurality of light guide plates and a prism film, and can change the traveling direction of the light in real time in accordance with different backlights.
  • the display device since the display device includes a structure of a plurality of light guide plates and prism films, the thickness of the display device having the structure is too thick, and is not suitable for use in a mobile or portable device.
  • the present invention provides a backlight module and a display device that do not require a display device having a too thick thickness on the premise that the traveling direction of the display light can be changed.
  • a backlight module includes:
  • a first polarizer located on the light incident side of the tunable liquid crystal lens
  • control unit configured to adjust a liquid crystal tilt angle of the controllable liquid crystal lens according to an exit direction determined by the determining unit, thereby controlling the traveling of the light to reach the determined exit direction.
  • the present invention provides a display device including the foregoing backlight module, and the display device further includes a display panel located on a light exiting side of the backlight module.
  • the backlight module and the display device of the present invention comprise a controllable liquid crystal lens; a first polarizer located on the light incident side of the controllable liquid crystal lens; and a direction for determining the light exiting direction of the backlight module a determining unit; a control unit for adjusting a liquid crystal tilt angle of the controllable liquid crystal lens according to an emission direction determined by the determining unit to control the traveling of the light to reach the determined exit direction.
  • the present invention controls the travel of light to a determined direction by means of voltage control in combination with the setting of the first polarizer.
  • the diffusion angle of the light can also be changed, so that the light is more concentrated or diverged after passing through the liquid crystal layer, so that the brightness of the display screen is displayed when the light reaches the display screen through the liquid crystal layer.
  • the ground is taller or darker.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a backlight module according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is another schematic structural diagram of a backlight module according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • 3a and 3b are schematic structural views of a controllable liquid crystal lens in a backlight module according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is another schematic structural diagram of a backlight module according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another backlight module according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is another schematic structural diagram of a display device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • a backlight module 3 is provided in the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1 , the backlight module 3 includes:
  • a first polarizer 32 located on the light incident side of the controllable liquid crystal lens 31;
  • a determining unit 33 configured to determine an outgoing direction of the light of the backlight module 3;
  • the control unit 34 is configured to adjust the liquid crystal tilt angle of the adjustable liquid crystal lens 31 according to the emission direction determined by the determining unit 33, thereby controlling the traveling of the light to reach the determined exit direction.
  • the determining unit 33 may include an element such as a camera, a position sensor or a displacement sensor.
  • liquid crystal molecules having different preliminary tilt angles in different regions of the liquid crystal layer are arranged in a focused form to form a liquid crystal lens.
  • the liquid crystal layer having the structure can gather light and increase the brightness of the emitted light, thereby increasing the brightness of the display screen.
  • the liquid crystal lens is preferably a left-right symmetric liquid crystal lens.
  • control unit 34 is configured to adjust an electric field in one or more sub-regions of each region of the liquid crystal lens 31 according to an emission direction determined by the determining unit 33, thereby regulating the one or more sub- The angle of inclination of the liquid crystals in the region, thereby changing the refractive indices of these sub-regions.
  • control unit 34 can also be configured to control the polarization direction of the display entering the backlight module 3 according to the liquid crystal tilt angle of the liquid crystal lens 31, so that the polarization direction of the light and the alignment of the liquid crystal layer after the light is transmitted through the first polarizer 32 The directions are parallel, thereby controlling the travel of the light to the determined exit direction.
  • the thickness of the display device for changing the direction of the light transmitted through the liquid crystal layer is less than 1 cm. If the liquid crystal lens is a thin flexible substrate (thickness of about 50 ⁇ m), the thickness of the display device may be 0.5 cm.
  • the thickness of the display device using a plurality of light guide plates to change the direction of light transmitted through the liquid crystal layer is 1 cm to 2 cm.
  • the backlight module 3 of the first embodiment of the present invention includes a controllable liquid crystal lens; a first polarizer located on the light incident side of the adjustable liquid crystal lens; and is used for determining an exit direction of the backlight module light. And a control unit configured to control the tilt angle of the liquid crystal of the controllable liquid crystal lens according to the emission direction determined by the determining unit The travel of the light reaches the determined exit direction.
  • the backlight module of the present invention changes the tilt angle of the liquid crystal layer liquid crystal and the polarizing film together by voltage control, and controls the traveling of the light to reach the direction determined by the backlight module. Thereby, the problem of using the multilayer light guide plate to change the traveling direction of the light to cause the display device to be thick is avoided.
  • the light diffusion angle can also be changed, so that the light is more concentrated or diverged after passing through the liquid crystal layer, so that the light passes through the liquid crystal layer to reach the display screen.
  • the brightness of the display screen is correspondingly higher or darker.
  • the determining unit 33 further includes:
  • the user location collection module 331 is configured to collect current location information of the user.
  • the determining unit 33 is configured to determine the outgoing direction of the light of the backlight module 3 according to the current location information collected by the user location acquiring module 331.
  • the image sensing unit of the backlight module senses the position change of the user and collects The location information after the user moves, for example, collects the location information of the user's human eye, and transmits the location information to the processing unit of the backlight module, so that the processing unit determines the outgoing direction of the backlight module light.
  • the adjustable liquid crystal lens 31 of the backlight module when the user is located in front of the backlight module, as shown in FIG. 3a, the adjustable liquid crystal lens 31 of the backlight module includes a liquid crystal layer between the upper and lower substrates and the upper and lower substrates; The angles are different, so that the liquid crystal layer assumes an equivalent lens shape that is bilaterally symmetric.
  • the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal lens 31 needs to change the tilt angle so that the liquid crystal layer appears in an equivalent lens form that is biased to the right.
  • a voltage can be applied to the electrodes in the second sub-region B in the liquid crystal layer such that the tilt angle of the liquid crystal of the region becomes large, that is, from the basic level in FIG.
  • the liquid crystal of the third sub-region C changes from the leftward tilt in FIG. 3a to the basic horizontal level in FIG. 3b due to the influence of the liquid crystal rotation of the second sub-region B. (horizonal).
  • the tilt angle of the liquid crystal of the first sub-region A in the liquid crystal layer in FIG. 3a is nearly vertical, and the liquid crystal of the first sub-region A is affected by the horizontal rotation of the liquid crystal of the third sub-region C. It also rotates in the horizontal direction; in order to maintain the near vertical state of the liquid crystal in the sub-area, it is necessary to apply a voltage to the electrodes in the first sub-area A.
  • this embodiment adopts a positive liquid crystal.
  • the liquid crystal in the second sub-region B is in a horizontal state
  • the liquid crystal in the third sub-region C is In the near vertical state, the optical effect formed is the same as that used in this embodiment.
  • the following steps may be further included: applying a voltage to the electrodes in the first sub-region and the third sub-region of each region of the liquid crystal layer, such that The tilt angle of the liquid crystal in the first and second sub-regions is greater than the predetermined tilt angle.
  • the voltage control method when the light passes through the liquid crystal layer, the traveling direction is more toward the center (that is, the diopter of the liquid crystal lens becomes larger), so that the light reaching the human eye is more, so that the human eye can "see" more. Bright screen.
  • the manner in which the light emitting direction of the backlight module is determined according to the current position information of the user can adjust the traveling direction of the light through the liquid crystal layer of the backlight module in real time, so that the outgoing direction of the light gathers in the human eye.
  • the position so that the user who moves arbitrarily in front of the backlight module always sees the display screen clearly and fidelity, and the display screen that is not seen due to the decrease in brightness is blurred.
  • the position in the above specific embodiment is located at two positions of the left and right eyes of the user, the user can feel the light by directly switching the backlight so that the light passing through the liquid crystal layer of the display device points to the left eye and the right eye respectively.
  • the determining unit 33 further includes:
  • the light intensity collecting module 332 is configured to collect light intensity information of the environment
  • the determining unit 33 is configured to determine the outgoing direction of the light of the backlight module 3 according to the light intensity information collected by the light intensity collecting module 332.
  • the light sensing unit such as the light intensity sensor or the brightness sensor of the backlight module senses the current environmental change and Collecting light dimming information, and then transmitting the information to the processing unit of the backlight module, so that the processing unit determines the direction of the light path after passing through the liquid crystal lens, so that the outgoing direction of the light after passing through the backlight module is more divergent, thereby Reduce visual brightness.
  • the light sensing unit senses the current environmental change and collects the light brightening information, and then transmits the information to the processing unit of the backlight module, so that the processing unit determines The direction in which the backlight module emits light.
  • the manner in which the light emitting direction of the backlight module is determined according to the obtained current ambient light intensity information can adjust the traveling direction of the light through the backlight module in real time.
  • the brightness of the screen becomes brighter or darker, allowing the user to see the display clearly and comfortably.
  • the backlight module 3 may further include: a brightness enhancement film 30 between the adjustable liquid crystal lens and the first polarizer (Bright Enhancement Film) , referred to as BEF).
  • BEF Bright Enhancement Film
  • the brightness enhancement film 30 has an optical polymerization effect on light.
  • the light is polarized after passing through the first polarizer, and the polarized light is polymerized after passing through the BEF 30, and then the light polymerized by the BEF 30 is transmitted through the liquid crystal layer, and the emitted light is sequentially transmitted through the first polarizer and the liquid crystal.
  • the former is more concentrated than the outgoing light of the layer.
  • the color filter substrate and the array substrate of the controllable liquid crystal lens 31 may be a PI (Polylmide) flexible substrate or an ultra-thin glass substrate.
  • the thickness of the PI flexible substrate is only 1-50 um, and the ultra-thin glass substrate is thinner than the PI flexible substrate. Both substrates can be employed to reduce the thickness of the display device.
  • the liquid crystal in the controllable liquid crystal lens 31 may be a Polymer Network LC.
  • Polymer Network LC allows the liquid crystal to have a very fast reaction speed, for example, switching the light direction at a frequency of 120 hz.
  • the first polarizer may be a reflective polarizer.
  • the polarization direction of the light may be filtered by the first polarizer between the light source and the controllable liquid crystal lens.
  • the first polarizer preferably uses a reflective polarizer, which not only filters the polarization direction of the light, but also reflects the light of other polarization directions, so that the light is reflected on the backlight and the reflective polarized light.
  • the light is continuously reflected between the sheets until the polarization direction is the same as the polarizing direction of the reflective polarizer, and the light passes through the diaphragm. This prevents the light from being absorbed by the polarizer of the liquid crystal display, thereby producing an effect of improving the utilization efficiency of the light source.
  • the polarization direction of the light is parallel to the polarization direction of the light in the deflecting direction of the liquid crystal lens, in other words, the polarization direction of the light and the liquid crystal lens are transmitted.
  • the direction of the light path is parallel, so that it can pass through the reflective polarizer There is light to control the direction of light travel.
  • the reflective polarizer may be a Duan Brightness Enhancement Film (DBEF). Compared with other reflective polarizers, the diaphragm has better brightness enhancement and polarization effects.
  • DBEF Duan Brightness Enhancement Film
  • the display device 1 provided by the second embodiment of the present invention can be any mobile device having a liquid crystal display screen, such as a tablet computer, a mobile phone, a liquid crystal television, or a game machine. As shown in FIG. 6 , the display device 1 includes the backlight module 3 described in each embodiment of the first embodiment, and the display panel 2 located on the light emitting side of the backlight module.
  • each structural unit of the backlight module 3 in the second embodiment can be referred to the content of the first embodiment, and details are not described herein.
  • the display device 1 of the second embodiment of the present invention includes the backlight module 3 of the specific embodiments of the first embodiment, and the display panel 2 located at the light exiting side of the backlight module.
  • the backlight module in the first embodiment in the display device it is possible to control the progress of the light to reach the direction determined by the display device. Thereby, the problem of using the multilayer light guide plate to change the traveling direction of the light to cause the display device to be thick is avoided.
  • the display panel 2 includes a second polarizer 21 on the light incident side of the display panel 2, and a polarizing direction of the second polarizer 21 and the first polarizer.
  • the polarization directions of 32 are parallel.
  • the first polarizer 32 is located on the light incident side of the backlight module 3, and the second polarizer 21 is located on the light incident side of the display panel 2.
  • the polarization directions of the two are parallel, the light emitted from the display panel can be determined.
  • the direction of light exit determined by unit 33.

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Abstract

一种背光模组(3)及显示装置(1)，用于显示领域。在能改变显示光的行进方向的前提下，不需要厚度太厚的显示装置(1)。背光模组(3)包括可调控型液晶透镜(31)；位于所述可调控型液晶透镜(31)入光侧的第一偏光片(32)；确定单元(33)，用于确定背光模组(3)光线的出射方向；控制单元(34)，用于根据所述确定单元(33)确定的出射方向调控所述可调控型液晶透镜(31)的液晶倾斜角度，从而控制光的行进达到所确定的出射方向。

Description

一种背光模组及显示装置 技术领域
本发明涉及显示领域，尤其涉及一种背光模组及显示装置。
背景技术
人的感觉器官中接受信息最多的是视觉器官。随着社会发展，人们需要越来越多地利用丰富的视觉信息。随着电子科技不断进步，作为利用电子技术提供变换灵活的视觉信息的技术，显示技术逐渐深入了人们的工作和生活。显示技术依据人的心理和生理特点，利用光的特征从而组成不同形式的视觉信息。通常，显示技术应用于显示装置中。
目前，显示装置的可视角度是有限的，然而实际上在不同的使用情况下需要人们从不同的方向观看显示装置。具体地，显示装置在某些情况下需要从倾斜的角度来观看。例如，需要借助于手机传感器互动的游戏，或是像fire phone(一种手机)动态视角立体技术那样，需要从不同的角度观看屏幕。可是为了节省能耗，通常将背光的角度设计的较为集中与正面观看。因此，在从倾斜角度观看显示装置时，其显示画面明显变暗。
针对上述问题，现有技术中的显示装置可采用多层导光板结合棱镜膜的技术，配合不同背光源，就可实时改变光的行进方向。但是，由于显示装置包括多层导光板及棱镜膜的结构，使得具有该结构的显示装置的厚度太厚，不太适合用于移动或可携带设备中。
发明内容
本发明提供一种背光模组及显示装置，在能够改变显示光的行进方向的前提下，不需要厚度太厚的显示装置。
为达到上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一方面，提供一种背光模组，所述背光模组包括：
可调控型液晶透镜；
位于所述可调控型液晶透镜入光侧的第一偏光片；
确定单元，用于确定背光模组光线的出射方向；
控制单元，用于根据所述确定单元确定的出射方向调控所述可调控型液晶透镜的液晶倾斜角度，从而控制光的行进达到所确定的出射 方向。
另一方面，本发明提供一种显示装置，包括前述的背光模组，所述显示装置还包括位于所述背光模组出光侧的显示面板。
本发明提供的背光模组及显示装置，该背光模组包括可调控型液晶透镜；位于所述可调控型液晶透镜入光侧的第一偏光片；用于确定背光模组光线的出射方向的确定单元；用于根据确定单元确定的出射方向调控所述可调控型液晶透镜的液晶倾斜角度从而控制光的行进达到所确定的出射方向的控制单元。从上可看出，本发明通过电压控制的方式结合第一偏光片的设置，控制光的行进达到所确定的方向。从而避免了使用多层导光板来改变光的行进方向而导致包含背光模组的显示装置较厚的问题。而且，通过结合第一偏光片和电压控制，还可改变光的扩散角，使光透过液晶层后更为聚拢或发散，从而使得光在透过液晶层到达显示屏幕时显示屏幕的亮度对应地更高或更暗。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明实施例一提供的背光模组的一种结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例一提供的背光模组的另一种结构示意图；
图3a和3b为本发明实施例一提供的背光模组中的可调控型液晶透镜的结构示意图；
图4为本发明实施例一提供的背光模组的另一种结构示意图；
图5为本发明实施例一提供的背光模组的另一种结构示意图；
图6为本发明实施例二提供的显示装置的一种结构示意图；
图7为本发明实施例二提供的显示装置的另一种结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例， 都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例一
本发明实施例一提供一种背光模组3，如图1所示，该背光模组3包括：
可调控型液晶透镜31；
位于所述可调控型液晶透镜31入光侧的第一偏光片32；
确定单元33，用于确定背光模组3光线的出射方向；
控制单元34，用于根据确定单元33确定的出射方向调控所述可调控型液晶透镜31的液晶倾斜角度，从而控制光的行进达到所确定的出射方向。
其中，确定单元33可包括采用摄像头、位置传感器或位移传感器等元件。
其中，在液晶层的不同区域具有不同预备倾斜角的液晶分子按聚焦形态排列形成液晶透镜。具有该结构的液晶层可聚拢光线，增加出射光的亮度，从而提高显示屏幕的亮度。其中，该液晶透镜优选地为左右对称的液晶透镜。
在本发明一个具体实施例中，控制单元34可用于，根据确定单元33确定的出射方向，调控液晶透镜31每个区域中的一个或多个子区域中的电场，从而调控所述一个或多个子区域中的液晶的倾斜角度，从而改变这些子区域的折射率。
另外，控制单元34还可用于，根据液晶透镜31的液晶倾斜角度，控制进入背光模组3的显示器的偏振光方向，使光透过第一偏光片32后光的偏振方向与液晶层的配向方向平行，从而控制光的行进达到所确定的出射方向。
需注意的是，本实施例中用于改变透过液晶层的光线方向的显示装置的厚度在1cm以下，如液晶透镜采用薄型柔性基板(厚度约50um)，则显示装置的厚度可在0.5cm以下；而现有的采用多个导光板来改变透过液晶层的光线方向的显示装置的厚度在1cm-2cm。
本发明实施例一提供的背光模组3，该背光模组包括可调控型液晶透镜；位于所述可调控型液晶透镜入光侧的第一偏光片；用于确定背光模组光线的出射方向的确定单元；以及控制单元，用于根据确定单元确定的出射方向调控所述可调控型液晶透镜的液晶倾斜角度从而控 制光的行进达到所确定的出射方向。从上可看出，本发明的背光模组通过电压控制方式改变液晶层液晶的倾斜角和偏振光膜片配合使用，控制光的行进达到背光模组所确定的方向。从而避免了使用多层导光板来改变光的行进方向而导致显示装置较厚的问题。而且，通过设置膜片和电压控制改变液晶层液晶的倾斜角，还可改变光的扩散角，使光透过液晶层后更为聚拢或发散，从而使得光在透过液晶层到达显示屏幕时显示屏幕的亮度对应地更高或更暗。
在本发明一个具体实施例中，如图2所示，确定单元33还包括：
用户位置采集模块331，用于采集用户的当前位置信息；
此种情形下，确定单元33用于：根据用户位置采集模块331采集的当前位置信息来确定背光模组3光线的出射方向。
具体而言，当用户在背光模组前的位置发生变化，例如由背光模组的正前方移动到背光模组的左前方时，背光模组的图像感应单元如摄像机会感知用户位置变化并采集用户移动后的位置信息，例如采集该用户人眼所在的位置信息，并将该位置信息传送给背光模组的处理单元，以便处理单元确定背光模组光线的出射方向。
举例而言，用户位于背光模组的正前方时，如图3a所示，其背光模组的可调控型液晶透镜31包括上、下基板和上、下基板之间的液晶层；液晶由于倾斜角不同而使得液晶层呈现成左右对称的等效透镜形态。当用户由背光模组的正前方移动到其右前方时，液晶透镜31中的液晶需要改变倾斜角使得液晶层呈现成偏向右的等效透镜形态。如图3b所示，可向液晶层中的第二子区域B中的电极施加电压，使得该区域的液晶的倾斜角变大，也即由图3a中的基本水平变为图3b中的向右倾斜。对于液晶层中的第三子区域C而言，由于受到第二子区域B的液晶转动的影响，第三子区域C的液晶会从图3a中的向左倾斜变为图3b中的基本水平(horizonal)。以及，液晶层中的第一子区域A的液晶在图3a中的倾斜角是接近垂直的(vertical)，由于受到第三子区域C的液晶水平转动的影响，因此第一子区域A的液晶也会往水平方向转动；为了保持该子区域内液晶的接近垂直的状态，因此需要在第一子区域A中的电极施加电压。
需说明的是，本实施例采用的是正性液晶。当采用的是负性液晶时，第二子区域B中的液晶处于水平状态，第三子区域C中的液晶处 于接近垂直状态，然而所形成的光学效果，与本实施列采用的是正性液晶是一样的。
经过上述电压控制的方式，当光透过液晶层时行进方向会向右倾斜，由此位于背光模组右前方的用户能够更清楚地看到显示画面。
此外，若用户在背光模组的正前方且当前环境的光亮度变小时，还可包括以下步骤：向液晶层的每个区域的第一子区域和第三子区域中的电极施加电压，使得所述第一和第二子区域中的液晶的倾斜角比所述预设的倾斜角更大。经过该电压控制方式，当光透过液晶层时行进方向会更加偏向中央(即，液晶透镜的屈光度变得更大)，从而到达人眼的光更多，使得人眼能够“看到”更亮的屏幕。
在上述具体实施例中，根据用户当前位置信息确定背光模组光线的出射方向的方式，能够实时调整光透过背光模组的液晶层后的行进方向，使得光线的出射方向聚拢在人眼所在位置，从而使在背光模组前任意移动的用户总是清楚且保真地看到显示画面，不会因为亮度降低而看到的显示画面模糊。进一步地，若上述具体实施例中的位置定位在用户左右眼的两个位置时，通过快速切换背光源使得透过显示装置的液晶层的光线分别指向左眼与右眼，从而用户感受到画面的立体感。
在本发明另一个具体实施例中，如图4所示，确定单元33还包括：
光强度采集模块332，用于采集环境的光强度信息；
此种情形下，确定单元33用于：根据光强度采集模块332采集的光强度信息来确定背光模组3光线的出射方向。
具体而言，当背光模组的周围环境光强度，例如光强度由大变小也即亮度由亮变暗时，背光模组的光感应单元如光强传感器或亮度传感器会感知当前环境变化并采集光变暗信息，然后将该信息传送给背光模组的处理单元，以便处理单元确定透过液晶透镜后的光线路径的方向，使得光透过背光模组后的出射方向更为发散，从而降低视觉亮度。此外，若光强度由小变大也即亮度由暗变亮时，光感应单元会感知当前环境变化并采集光变亮信息，然后将该信息传送给背光模组的处理单元，以便处理单元确定背光模组光线的出射方向。
在上述具体实施例中，根据获取的当前环境光强度信息确定背光模组光线的出射方向的方式，能够实时调整光透过背光模组的行进方 向，从而屏幕亮度变亮或变暗，使得用户清楚且舒服地看到显示画面。
需说明的是，上述两种具体实例可一起实施，例如同时考虑用户位置变化和环境光强度变化。而且，上述两个实施例仅是确定透过液晶层后的光线路径的方向的条件依据的举例说明，其他容易被本领域技术人员想到的其他条件也在本发明保护之中。
此外，可选地，在本发明一个具体实施例中，如图5所示，背光模组3还可包括：位于可调控型液晶透镜和第一偏光片之间的增光膜30(Bright Enhancement Film，简称BEF)。
具体地，增光膜30对光有光学聚合作用。光在透过第一偏光片之后产生偏振光，该偏振光在通过BEF 30后被聚合，接着该被BEF 30聚合的光透过液晶层，其出射光线与依次透过第一偏光片和液晶层的出射光线相比，前者更为聚拢。
可选地，在本发明一个具体实施例中，可调控型液晶透镜31的彩膜基板和阵列基板可为，PI(Polylmide，聚酰亚胺)柔性基板或超薄玻璃基板。
具体地，PI柔性基板的厚度仅为1-50um，而超薄玻璃基板则比PI柔性基板更薄些。可采用这两种基板以降低显示装置的厚度。
可选地，在本发明一个具体实施例中，可调控型液晶透镜31中的液晶可为Polymer Network LC(高分子网状液晶)。
具体地，使用Polymer Network LC可以使液晶有非常快的反应速度，例如以频率120hz切换光方向。
在上述各个可选地实施例中，第一偏光片可为反射式偏光片。
具体地，在背光模组中，在光源与可调控型液晶透镜之间可利用第一偏光片对光线的偏振方向进行过滤。在本发明实施例中，第一偏光片优选地采用反射式偏光片，其不仅对光的偏振方向进行过滤，还能反射其他偏振方向的光，使得这些光在背光的反射板以及反射式偏光片之间不断反射，直到其偏振方向与反射式偏光片的可通过偏振方向相同时，光线才得以通过膜片。这样避免光线被液晶显示器的偏光片所吸收，因而产生了光源利用效率提升的效果。通过膜片方向的设置，在光透过所述反射式偏光片后，光的偏振方向平行于液晶透镜可产生偏折方向的光的偏振方向，换言之，光的偏振方向与透过液晶透镜后的光线路径的方向平行，从而可以将透过反射式偏光片之后的所 有光线，进行光线行进方向的控制。
进一步地，反射式偏光片可为反射式增亮膜(Dual Brightness Enhancement Film，简称DBEF)。该膜片与其他反射式偏光片相比，具有较好的增亮效果和偏振效果。
实施例二
本发明实施二提供的显示装置1，该显示装置1可为平板电脑、手机、液晶电视、游戏机等任一具有液晶显示屏的移动装置。如图6所示，该显示装置1包括实施例一中各个具体实施例所述的背光模组3，以及位于所述背光模组出光侧的显示面板2。
需说明的是，本实施例二中背光模组3各结构单元的具体功能描述可参照实施例一的内容，在此不做赘述。
本发明实施例二提供的显示装置1，该显示装置1包括前述实施例一中各个具体实施例所述的背光模组3，以及位于所述背光模组出光侧的显示面板2。通过在显示装置中设置实施例一中的背光模组，能够控制光的行进达到显示装置所确定的方向。从而避免了使用多层导光板来改变光的行进方向而导致显示装置较厚的问题。
可选地，在本发明一个具体实施例中，如图7所示，显示面板2包括位于显示面板2入光侧的第二偏光片21，第二偏光片21的偏光方向与第一偏光片32的偏光方向平行。
具体地，第一偏光板32位于背光模组3的入光侧，第二偏光片21位于显示面板2的入光侧，当二者的偏光方向平行时，从显示面板出射的光线才能达到确定单元33所确定的光线出射方向。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种背光模组，其特征在于，所述背光模组包括：
    可调控型液晶透镜；
    位于所述可调控型液晶透镜入光侧的第一偏光片；
    确定单元，用于确定背光模组光线的出射方向；
    控制单元，用于根据所述确定单元确定的出射方向调控所述可调控型液晶透镜的液晶倾斜角度，从而控制光的行进达到所确定的出射方向。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的背光模组，其特征在于，所述控制单元用于：
    根据所述确定的出射方向，调控所述可调控型液晶透镜每个区域中的一个或多个子区域中的电场，从而调控所述一个或多个子区域中的液晶的倾斜角度。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的背光模组，其特征在于，
    所述确定单元还包括：
    用户位置采集模块，用于采集用户的当前位置信息；
    所述确定单元用于：
    根据所述用户位置采集模块采集的当前用户位置信息来确定背光模组光线的出射方向。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的背光模组，其特征在于，
    所述确定单元还包括：
    光强度采集模块，用于采集环境的光强度信息；
    所述确定单元用于：
    根据所述光强度采集模块采集的光强度信息来确定背光模组光线的出射方向。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的背光模组，其特征在于，所述背光模组还包括：
    位于所述可调控型液晶透镜和所述第一偏光片之间的增光膜(BEF)。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的背光模组，其特征在于，所述可调控型液晶透镜中的彩膜基板和阵列基板为，聚酰亚胺(PI)柔性基板或超薄 玻璃基板。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的背光模组，其特征在于，所述可调控型液晶透镜中的液晶为高分子网状液晶(Polymer Network LC)。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的背光模组，其特征在于，所述第一偏光片为反射式偏光片。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的背光模组，其特征在于，所述反射式偏光片为反射式增亮膜片(DBEF)。
  10. 一种显示装置，其特征在于，包括权利要求1-9任一项所述背光模组，所述显示装置还包括位于所述背光模组出光侧的显示面板。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述显示面板包括位于显示面板入光侧的第二偏光片，所述第二偏光片的偏光方向与所述第一偏光片的偏光方向平行。
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