WO2016175590A1 - Battery pack and manufacturing method therefor - Google Patents

Battery pack and manufacturing method therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016175590A1
WO2016175590A1 PCT/KR2016/004481 KR2016004481W WO2016175590A1 WO 2016175590 A1 WO2016175590 A1 WO 2016175590A1 KR 2016004481 W KR2016004481 W KR 2016004481W WO 2016175590 A1 WO2016175590 A1 WO 2016175590A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
end plate
lower housing
battery pack
housing
cell assembly
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/KR2016/004481
Other languages
French (fr)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
김기연
문덕희
성준엽
유성천
이강우
이정행
정상윤
최용준
Original Assignee
주식회사 엘지화학
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 주식회사 엘지화학 filed Critical 주식회사 엘지화학
Priority to US15/554,809 priority Critical patent/US10297801B2/en
Priority to CN201680018477.XA priority patent/CN107534107B/en
Priority to EP16786776.1A priority patent/EP3255701B1/en
Priority to JP2017546653A priority patent/JP6460360B2/en
Publication of WO2016175590A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016175590A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/045—Cells or batteries with folded plate-like electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/105—Pouches or flexible bags
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/211—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for pouch cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/218—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
    • H01M50/22—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
    • H01M50/222—Inorganic material
    • H01M50/224—Metals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/218—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
    • H01M50/22—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
    • H01M50/227—Organic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/218—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
    • H01M50/22—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
    • H01M50/229—Composite material consisting of a mixture of organic and inorganic materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/262—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks
    • H01M50/264—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks for cells or batteries, e.g. straps, tie rods or peripheral frames
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/271—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings
    • H01M50/273—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/278—Organic material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a battery including at least one secondary battery, and more particularly, to a battery pack having an improved energy density, improved assemblability, and improved durability, an automobile including the same, and a method of manufacturing the battery pack. It is about.
  • водородн ⁇ е ⁇ е ⁇ ество Commercially available secondary batteries include nickel cadmium batteries, nickel hydride batteries, nickel zinc batteries, and lithium secondary batteries. Among them, lithium secondary batteries have almost no memory effect compared to nickel-based secondary batteries, and thus are free of charge and discharge. The self-discharge rate is very low and the energy density is high.
  • Such lithium secondary batteries mainly use lithium-based oxides and carbon materials as positive electrode active materials and negative electrode active materials, respectively.
  • the lithium secondary battery includes an electrode assembly in which a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate coated with the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material are disposed with a separator interposed therebetween, and a packaging material that seals the electrode assembly together with the electrolyte solution, that is, a battery case.
  • a lithium secondary battery may be classified into a can type secondary battery in which an electrode assembly is embedded in a metal can and a pouch type secondary battery in which an electrode assembly is embedded in a pouch of an aluminum laminate sheet, depending on the shape of the exterior material.
  • secondary batteries are widely used not only in small devices such as portable electronic devices but also in medium and large devices such as automobiles and power storage devices. When used in such medium and large devices, a large number of secondary batteries are electrically connected to increase capacity and output.
  • the pouch-type secondary battery is widely used in such a medium-large device because of its advantages such as easy lamination and light weight.
  • an end plate may be provided at both outermost ends of the cell assembly in the stacking direction.
  • the end plate is mainly composed of a metal material, and may serve to protect and fix the secondary battery and the cartridge and maintain the surface pressure.
  • the structure in which the end plate and the pack case are fixed by the fastening member may loosen the fastening state when exposed to vibration or shock due to the continuous use of the battery pack, thereby fixing the cell assembly inside the pack case.
  • the state may not be stable. In addition, this may cause breakage and damage of various components included in the battery pack, which may cause a failure of the battery pack.
  • the assembly process of the end plate and the pack case is not easy, and a fastening member for fixing the end plate and the pack case is further required, and the fastening member is attached to the pack case.
  • the process to prepare in advance is not easy, and there exists a problem that productivity falls and manufacturing cost increases.
  • a plastic material is often used as a pack case for accommodating the cell assembly.
  • the rigidity is not high, and thus there is a disadvantage in that it is weak in impact.
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, the assembly, fairness and productivity is improved, the manufacturing cost is reduced, the sealing and durability of the pack case and the battery pack and its manufacturing method, And it aims at providing the motor vehicle containing such a battery pack.
  • a battery pack including a plurality of secondary batteries, and a cell assembly including a plurality of cartridges that are stackable with each other and which surround the outer circumferential portion of the secondary battery from the outside to accommodate the secondary batteries;
  • a lower housing having an empty space therein to receive the cell assembly in the inner space and having an open top;
  • a lower end plate formed of a plate-shaped metal material and disposed in surface contact with a lower surface of the lower housing;
  • a lower cover positioned below the lower end plate to cover the lower end plate and fixedly coupled to the lower housing.
  • the lower cover may be fixedly coupled to the lower housing by laser welding.
  • the lower cover may be made of the same plastic material as the lower housing.
  • the lower cover may be fixedly coupled to the lower housing outside the edge along the edge of the lower end plate.
  • the lower end plate may have one or more openings formed in a central portion thereof, and the lower cover may be fixedly coupled to the lower housing through the openings.
  • the uneven portion may be formed in a form corresponding to each other.
  • the lower end plate may have one or more bolts formed to protrude upward, and the lower housing may have one or more through-holes to allow the bolts to pass therethrough.
  • the cell assembly may include one or more insertion holes, and the bolt may be inserted into the insertion hole.
  • the cell assembly may be configured such that the secondary battery and the cartridge are stacked in the vertical direction, and the cartridge located at the lowest layer in the cell assembly may be seated in contact with the lower surface of the inner space of the lower housing. .
  • the battery pack according to the present invention may further include an upper end plate formed of a plate-shaped metal material and provided on an upper portion of the cell assembly to cover an upper portion of the cell assembly.
  • the battery pack according to the present invention may further include an upper housing coupled to the upper open end of the lower housing to seal the upper open end.
  • the vehicle according to the present invention for achieving the above object includes a battery pack according to the present invention.
  • the battery pack manufacturing method for achieving the above object, the lower end of the lower housing having an empty space therein is configured in the form of an open, the lower end plate made of a plate-like metal material interview Placing in moist form; Positioning a lower cover below the lower end plate to cover the lower end plate; Coupling the lower cover and the lower housing to each other; And stacking a cartridge for accommodating the secondary battery in a form surrounding the secondary battery and the outer circumference of the secondary battery in an inner space of the lower housing.
  • the coupling fixing step may be performed by a laser welding method.
  • the lower end plate is provided with one or more bolts formed to protrude in the upper direction
  • the lower housing is formed with one or more through holes, the step of placing the lower end plate, the lower hole in the through hole of the lower housing The bolt of the end plate may be carried out.
  • one or more insertion holes are formed in the cartridge, and the stacking of the secondary battery and the cartridge may be performed such that the bolt of the lower end plate is inserted into the insertion hole of the cartridge.
  • a fastening configuration for coupling the end plate for protecting the cell assembly and securing rigidity with the pack case does not need to be separately provided in the lower end plate and the pack case.
  • the assemblability and processability of the battery pack can be improved, and the manufacturing cost and time can be reduced by reducing the parts. Further, according to this aspect of the present invention, it is not necessary to provide a space for providing a fastening configuration between the end plate and the pack case, and a working space for forming such a fastening configuration, inside the pack case. Therefore, the space utilization of the battery pack is increased, and unnecessary space is eliminated inside the battery pack, so that energy density improvement and miniaturization can be more easily achieved.
  • the fixing force of the cell assembly in the pack case can be improved. Therefore, breakage or failure of the battery pack due to the flow of the cell assembly can be prevented.
  • the lower end plate is embedded in the pack case, in particular between the lower housing and the lower cover, thereby improving the rigidity of the pack case itself.
  • the pack case especially the lower housing, is prevented from being damaged, thereby safely protecting the components of the battery pack located inside the lower housing, such as the cell assembly or the electronics. I can protect it.
  • the sealing property of the pack case can be improved due to the lower end plate located inside the pack case.
  • the sealing property of the pack case can be improved due to the lower end plate located inside the pack case. For example, even if a shock is applied to the pack case and the lower cover is somewhat damaged, the penetration of foreign matter such as moisture, needles, stones, etc. into the lower housing due to the end plate can be minimized.
  • the likelihood of penetrating foreign matter during use is high, but according to this aspect of the present invention, durability can be secured stably.
  • FIG. 1 is a combined perspective view schematically showing the configuration of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing the configuration of FIG. 1 separately.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view schematically showing the configuration of a cartridge and a secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view schematically showing a configuration in which a lower cover is coupled with a lower housing.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A1-A1 'of FIG.
  • FIG. 6 is a bottom view of FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view schematically illustrating a configuration of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a combined perspective view of FIG. 7.
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart schematically illustrating a method of manufacturing a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a combined perspective view schematically showing the configuration of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 2 is an exploded perspective view showing the configuration of FIG. 1 separately.
  • a battery pack according to the present invention includes a cell assembly 100, a lower housing 200, a lower end plate 300, and a lower cover 400.
  • the cell assembly 100 may include a plurality of secondary batteries and a cartridge.
  • the secondary battery is a component that stores or emits electrical energy through charge and discharge, and may be in the form of a pouch type secondary battery.
  • a secondary battery may include an electrode assembly, an electrolyte, and a pouch packaging material.
  • the secondary battery according to the present invention may be a lithium secondary battery.
  • the electrode assembly may be configured such that at least one positive electrode plate and at least one negative electrode plate are disposed with the separator interposed therebetween. More specifically, the electrode assembly may be classified into a winding type in which one positive electrode plate and one negative electrode plate are wound together with a separator, and a stack type in which a plurality of positive electrode plates and a plurality of negative electrode plates are alternately stacked with a separator interposed therebetween. .
  • the pouch packaging material may be configured to include an outer insulating layer, a metal layer, and an inner adhesive layer.
  • the pouch sheath may be formed of a metal thin film such as an aluminum thin film to protect internal components such as the electrode assembly and the electrolyte, and to improve the electrochemical properties and the heat dissipation of the electrode assembly and the electrolyte. have.
  • such an aluminum thin film is formed between an insulating layer formed of an insulating material, that is, an outer insulating layer and an inner layer, in order to ensure electrical insulation between components inside a secondary battery such as an electrode assembly and an electrolyte or other components outside the secondary battery. It may be interposed between the adhesive layers.
  • the pouch sheath may be composed of two pouches, and at least one of the pouch sheaths may have a concave inner space.
  • the electrode assembly may be accommodated in the inner space of the pouch.
  • the outer peripheral surfaces of the two pouches are provided with a sealing portion such that the sealing portions are fused to each other, so that the inner space in which the electrode assembly is accommodated can be sealed.
  • each electrode plate of the electrode assembly is provided with an electrode tab, one or more electrode tabs may be connected to the electrode lead.
  • the electrode lead is interposed between the sealing portions of the two pouches and exposed to the outside of the pouch packaging material, thereby functioning as an electrode terminal of the secondary battery.
  • the secondary battery may be included in a battery pack.
  • such a plurality of secondary batteries may be arranged in a vertical direction in such a manner that their wide sides face down to face the top and the bottom.
  • the cartridge may be configured to accommodate the secondary battery in the inner space, and in particular to surround the outer circumferential portion of the secondary battery from the outside.
  • FIG 3 is a perspective view schematically showing the configuration of the cartridge 120 and the secondary battery 110 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the cartridge 120 may include a main frame 121 formed in a substantially rectangular ring shape.
  • the main frame 121 of the cartridge 120 may be composed of four unit frames connected at both ends.
  • the cartridge 120 may be provided in a form in which each unit frame is separately manufactured and then assembled together, or may be molded into an integrated form from the beginning.
  • the pouch type secondary battery 110 may be configured in a substantially rectangular shape. Therefore, as in the above embodiment, when the main frame 121 of the cartridge 120 is formed in a rectangular ring shape, the secondary battery 110 is positioned in an empty space at the center to surround the edge of the secondary battery from the outside. Can be configured. Therefore, the cartridge 120 may accommodate the secondary battery 110 and protect the outside of the secondary battery 110.
  • the cartridge 120 may include a cooling plate 122 made of a thermally conductive material at a central portion thereof.
  • the cartridge 120 may include a cooling plate 122 made of aluminum at a central portion of the square ring defined by the main frame 121.
  • the cooling plate 122 may be composed of two plates spaced apart by a predetermined distance in the vertical direction, that is, the upper plate and the lower plate.
  • a flow path P is formed between the two cooling plates 122 such that a refrigerant such as air may move.
  • one secondary battery 110 may be accommodated in the upper portion of the upper plate and the lower portion of the lower plate, respectively. In this case, it can be said that two secondary batteries 110 are accommodated in one cartridge 120.
  • heat generated from the secondary battery 110 may be transferred to the adjacent cooling plate 122 and discharged to the outside through the refrigerant flowing in the flow path between the cooling plates 122.
  • the cartridge 120 may be configured to be stacked on each other.
  • the cartridge 120 may be included in a plurality of battery packs.
  • the cartridges 120 may be stacked in a vertical direction.
  • the cartridge 120 may have a concave-convex structure in a shape corresponding to a surface stacked on each other, for example, an upper surface and a lower surface of the main frame 121.
  • the concave-convex structure formed on the cartridge 120 due to the concave-convex structure formed on the cartridge 120, the fastening property and fixing force between the cartridges 120 may be improved, and the concave-convex structure may serve as a guide, thereby making assembly easier.
  • the cartridge 120 accommodates the pouch-type secondary battery 110 in an internal space formed through stacking, thereby limiting external exposure of the pouch-type secondary battery 110 to prevent the secondary battery from being externally physical or chemical. While protecting the 110 and guiding the mutual arrangement of the pouch-type secondary battery 110, it is possible to prevent the flow of the stacked assembly.
  • a fastening hole may be formed on at least one side.
  • the cartridge 120 as indicated by H1 in FIG. 3, at least one of the four unit frames, or to provide a fastening hole in the form of penetrating in the vertical direction in the corner portion where the two unit frames meet. Can be.
  • the lower housing 200 may have an empty space therein to accommodate the cell assembly 100.
  • the lower housing 200 may be configured to have an open top, such that the cell assembly 100 may be introduced into an internal space through the upper open part. That is, the lower housing 200 may form an inner space in a form in which a lower portion and a side portion are blocked and an upper portion is opened.
  • the lower housing 200 may be made of a plastic material.
  • the plastic material it is easy to mold, light in weight, and excellent in electrical insulation, and thus it may be easier to improve productivity of the battery pack, and to secure weight and insulation.
  • the lower end plate 300 may have a plate shape, that is, a wide plate shape.
  • the lower end plate 300 may be made of a metal material to ensure rigidity.
  • the lower end plate 300 may be formed of a rectangular plate made of steel.
  • the lower end plate 300 may be located under the lower housing 200. That is, the lower end plate 300 may be disposed below the lower housing 200 in a form lying down on the ground so that the upper surface may directly contact the lower surface of the lower housing 200.
  • the lower cover 400 may be formed in a plate shape and positioned below the lower end plate 300 to cover the lower end plate 300.
  • the lower cover 400 may be configured to have an area larger than the surface area of the lower end plate 300 so that the lower surface of the lower end plate 300 is not exposed to the outside.
  • the lower cover 400 may be made of a plastic material similar to the lower housing 200.
  • the lower cover 400 may be combined with the lower housing 200.
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view schematically illustrating a configuration in which the lower cover 400 is coupled to the lower housing 200.
  • 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A1-A1 'of FIG. 4
  • FIG. 6 is a bottom view of FIG. 4.
  • the lower cover 400 may be fixed to the lower housing 200 by combining at least a portion thereof with the lower housing 200.
  • the lower end plate 300 may be interposed between the lower cover 400 and the lower housing 200. That is, the lower end plate 300 may exist between the coupling configuration of the lower cover 400 and the lower housing 200, and thus the lower end plate 300 may not be generally exposed to the outside.
  • the pack case of the battery pack according to the present invention includes a lower housing 200, a lower end plate 300, and a lower cover 400.
  • the lower cover 400 and the lower housing 200 may be made of a polymer material such as plastic, and the lower end plate 300 may be made of a metal material.
  • the pack case may be said to have a form in which a metal plate is embedded in a body made of a plastic material.
  • the pack case may be mainly composed of a polymer material to ensure electrical insulation, light weight and formability.
  • the rigidity of the pack case is reinforced by the lower end plate 300 made of metal embedded in the pack case, so that the pack case is not easily damaged by an external impact, thereby protecting other components inside the battery pack.
  • the sealing property of the pack case may be reinforced, and foreign matters such as moisture or acicular bodies may not penetrate through the pack case.
  • the lower cover 400 may be fixedly coupled to the lower housing 200 by laser welding.
  • the lower cover 400 may be fused to each other by irradiating a laser to a portion in direct contact with the lower housing 200.
  • the lower cover 400 may be a transmission material for laser welding
  • the lower housing 200 may be an absorption material for laser welding.
  • the strength can be controlled, and the welding of fine size is possible by transferring energy by focusing to a very small point, and the thermal deformation or material properties of the lower cover 400 and the lower housing 200 to be welded. May have an advantage of less deterioration.
  • various laser welding methods known at the time of filing the present invention such as CO 2 laser welding and YAG laser welding, may be used.
  • the lower cover 400 may be made of the same plastic material as the lower housing 200. According to this configuration of the present invention, when the laser welding of the lower housing 200 and the lower cover 400, the weldability is improved, it is possible to ensure a stable coupling force of the lower housing 200 and the lower cover 400.
  • the lower cover 400 may be coupled and fixed in a state of directly contacting the lower housing 200 through laser welding or the like.
  • the lower cover 400 may be fixedly coupled to the lower housing 200 at the outside of the lower end plate 300 along the edge of the lower end plate 300.
  • the lower cover 400 may be welded to the lower housing 200 by irradiating a laser beam to an outer circumferential portion, such as a portion indicated by L1 in FIGS. 5 and 6.
  • the shape of the laser welded portion may be configured in a substantially rectangular shape.
  • the lower end plate 300 is interposed between the lower cover 400 and the lower housing 200, in order for the lower cover 400 to be directly coupled to the lower housing 200, the lower end plate 300 is not located. It is preferable that the combination of the lower cover 400 and the lower housing 200 is located at a portion that is not. Accordingly, the lower cover 400 may be configured to be in direct contact with the lower housing 200 outside the edge of the lower end plate 300, as indicated by L1 in FIG. 5. In order to achieve this configuration more easily, the lower cover 400 is configured such that the horizontal surface area is similar to the lower surface area of the lower housing 200, but is configured to be wider than the lower end plate 300. That is, the lower end plate 300 may be configured to have a smaller horizontal area than the lower housing 200 or the lower cover 400. And, by using the size difference, the lower cover 400 may be coupled to the lower housing 200 in the outer peripheral portion.
  • the lower cover 400 may be fixed to the lower housing 200 in a portion other than the outer circumferential portion.
  • the lower cover 400 as indicated by L2 in FIGS. 5 and 6, may be directly welded to the lower housing 200 by irradiating a laser to a central portion.
  • the coupling force between the lower cover 400 and the lower housing 200 is secured stably. Can be.
  • the lower cover 400 and the lower housing 200 may be configured in a rectangular shape as viewed from the bottom, in which case the lower cover 400 extends in a direction parallel to the long side of the lower cover 400. It can be welded to the lower housing 200 in the form of a bar. In addition, two or more welding parts having a rod shape may be disposed to be spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance in the short side direction and the long side direction of the lower cover 400.
  • the lower cover 400 is coupled in direct contact with the lower housing 200 at the central portion, and the lower end plate 300 may be interposed between the lower cover 400 and the lower housing 200.
  • the lower end plate 300 may have an opening formed at a position corresponding to the coupling portion.
  • the lower end plate 300 as indicated by O in FIGS. 2 and 6, a plurality of openings may be formed in the center portion to penetrate in the vertical direction.
  • the lower cover 400 may be directly contacted with the lower housing 200 through the opening O of the lower end plate 300 to be coupled by welding or the like.
  • the lower cover 400 and the lower housing 200 has been described mainly for the configuration that is coupled by the laser welding method, the present invention is not necessarily limited to this coupling method. That is, the lower cover 400 and the lower housing 200 may be fixedly coupled to each other in various ways other than the laser welding method.
  • the lower cover 400 and the lower housing 200 may be molded by an insert injection method. That is, the lower cover 400 and the lower housing 200 are made of a polymer material and are injection-molded in a state where the lower end plate 300 of the metal material is inserted, thereby lowering the lower end plate 300 from the lower cover 400.
  • the lower housing 200 may be configured to wrap.
  • the lower cover 400 may be molded in an overmolding manner.
  • the lower cover 400 is molded in the lower end of the lower end plate 300 in a state in which the lower end plate 300 is mounted to the lower portion of the lower housing 200, thereby, the lower housing 200 and the lower cover.
  • the lower end plate 300 may be positioned between the 400.
  • the lower housing 200 and the lower cover 400 may have an uneven portion formed in a form corresponding to each other.
  • the lower housing 200 as shown in the portion indicated by L1 in Figure 5, the concave portion of the concave shape is formed in the upper direction, the lower cover 400 is formed convex portion in the convex shape in the upper direction. Can be. At this time, the convex portion of the lower cover 400 may be formed in a ring shape along the outer circumference of the lower cover 400.
  • the lower housing 200 as shown in the portion indicated by L2 in Figure 5, the convex portion of the convex shape is formed in the lower direction
  • the lower cover 400 may be formed concave portion of the concave shape in the lower direction. have.
  • the convex portion and the concave portion may be formed in positions and shapes corresponding to each other. Each convex portion may be inserted into a recess corresponding to each other when the lower cover 400 is positioned below the lower housing 200 and the lower end plate 300.
  • the coupling position of the lower cover 400 to the lower housing 200 can be easily selected through the uneven portion, the assemblability of the lower housing 200 and the lower cover 400 is improved. Can be.
  • the uneven portion reduces the horizontal movement of the lower housing 200 and the lower cover 400 in the bonding step, such as welding, thereby improving the coupling processability of the lower housing 200 and the lower cover 400, the coupling is It can be made well so that the fixing force can be secured stably.
  • these uneven parts may be present between the lower housing 200 and the lower end plate 300 and / or between the lower cover 400 and the lower end plate 300.
  • a lower surface of the lower end plate 300 may have a protrusion formed in a lower direction
  • an upper surface of the lower cover 400 may have a recess formed in a lower direction, and each protrusion may be inserted into the recess.
  • a protrusion may be formed in an upper direction of the lower end plate 300, and a recess may be formed in an upper direction of the lower housing 200 to correspond to the protrusion.
  • assembly between the lower housing 200 or the lower cover 400 and the lower end plate 300 may be performed more easily.
  • the lower end plate 300 may include one or more bolts 310 protruding upward.
  • the lower end plate 300 may include a plurality of long bolts 310 extending in an upward direction, and the lower end of the long bolts 310. Silver may be fixed to the body of the lower end plate 300 of the plate shape.
  • the lower end of the long bolt 310 may be fixed to the body of the lower end plate 300 by a nut.
  • the lower housing 200 may be formed with at least one through hole so that the bolt 310 penetrates.
  • the lower housing 200 may have a plurality of through holes formed at positions and shapes corresponding to the long bolts 310. Therefore, when the lower end plate 300 is located below the lower housing 200, the long bolt 310 of the lower end plate 300 penetrates the through hole H2 of the lower housing 200 to lower the housing. It may be located in the interior space of the (200).
  • the bolt 310 of the lower end plate positioned in the inner space of the lower housing 200 may pass through a portion of the cell assembly 100. That is, the cell assembly 100, as indicated by H1 in FIG. 2, may have one or more insertion holes formed in a vertically penetrated shape, and the bolt 310 of the lower end plate may be formed in the cell assembly 100. It may be inserted into the insertion hole (H1).
  • the insertion hole H1 of the cell assembly 100 may be formed in each cartridge 120.
  • the cell assembly 100 includes a plurality of cartridges 120 stacked in the vertical direction in a state of accommodating the secondary battery 110
  • the outer periphery of each cartridge 120 is illustrated in FIG. 3.
  • an insertion hole H1 having a shape penetrated in the vertical direction may be formed.
  • the insertion holes H1 may be configured to be connected to each other, and the bolt 310 of the lower end plate may be inserted into the communication holes H1 communicated with each other. have.
  • each cartridge 120 by preventing each cartridge 120 from moving in the inner space of the lower housing 200, the flow of the secondary battery 110 accommodated in the inner space of the cartridge 120 can also be prevented. Can be.
  • the bolt 310 of the lower end plate is inserted into the insertion hole of each cartridge 120, thereby, Lamination can be guided.
  • the lower end plate 300 on which the bolt 310 is mounted is fixed to the lower part of the lower case and the bolt 310 is connected to the lower housing through the through hole of the lower housing 200. Since it is retracted into the internal space of the 200, there is no fear that the mounting position of the bolt 310 is changed during use of the battery pack. Therefore, even when shock or vibration is applied to the battery pack, the position itself of the bolt 310 may be changed to block the movement of the cell assembly 100.
  • the cell assembly 100 is first configured in a state in which a plurality of cartridges 120 and a plurality of secondary batteries 110 are stacked, and then it is not stored and fixed in the lower housing 200.
  • the configuration of the cell assembly 100 and the storage in the lower housing 200 may be performed together. Therefore, according to this aspect of the present invention, manufacturing time can be shortened and processability can be improved.
  • the cell assembly 100 may be configured in a form in which the secondary battery 110 and the cartridge 120 are stacked in the vertical direction, which is located at the lowest layer of the cell assembly 100.
  • the cartridge 120 may be seated in contact with the lower surface of the inner space of the lower housing 200.
  • the lower end plate 300 that can reinforce the rigidity of the cell assembly 100 is embedded in the pack case itself. Therefore, the end plate of the metal material does not need to be positioned separately under the cell assembly 100. Therefore, in the battery pack according to the present invention, the cartridge 120 may be located at the bottom of the cell assembly 100, not the end plate, and the cartridge 120 is directly at the lower surface of the inner space of the lower housing 200. Can be seated in contact with
  • the lower housing 200 which may be made of a plastic material is interposed between the cell assembly 100 and the lower end plate 300, the cell assembly 100 and the lower end plate ( Electrical insulation between 300 may be secured.
  • one lower end plate 300 may be provided with the rigid reinforcement of the pack case and the rigid reinforcement of the cell assembly 100.
  • FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view schematically illustrating a configuration of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 8 is a combined perspective view of FIG. 7.
  • the battery pack according to the present invention may further include an upper end plate 600.
  • the upper end plate 600 may be made of a plate-shaped metal material and may be provided on the cell assembly 100. In addition, the upper end plate 600 covers the upper part of the cell assembly 100 to fix the cell assembly 100 on the upper part of the cell assembly 100, to reinforce rigidity, and to maintain surface pressure, while external impact The cell assembly 100 can be protected from.
  • the upper end plate 600 may be penetrated by the bolt 310 of the lower end plate. That is, the bolt 310 of the lower end plate may be configured to penetrate the upper end plate 600 together with the fastening hole H1 of the cartridge 120.
  • the bolt 310 of the lower end plate As the bolt 310 of the lower end plate, the effect of fixing up to the upper end plate 600 can be obtained. Therefore, according to this configuration of the present invention, it is possible to reduce or eliminate separate fastening parts and space for fixing the lower housing 200 or the cell assembly 100 and the upper end plate 600. Therefore, the manufacturing process can be simplified, manufacturing cost and time can be reduced, and the space utilization inside the battery pack can be improved.
  • the battery pack according to the present invention may further include an electric plate 700, as shown in FIG. 7.
  • the electrical plate 700 is formed in a plate shape, and at least one electrical component of a BMS, a current sensor, a relay, and a fuse may be mounted on a surface thereof, and may be electrically connected to the secondary battery 110 of the cell assembly 100. have.
  • the battery management system refers to a battery management device that generally controls the charge / discharge operation of the battery pack, and such a BMS is a component that is typically included in the battery pack.
  • the current sensor is a component for sensing the charge and discharge current of the battery pack
  • the relay is a switching component for selectively opening and closing the charge and discharge path through which the charge and discharge current of the battery pack flows.
  • the fuse is a component that is provided on the charge / discharge path of the battery pack and is melted when an abnormal situation occurs in the battery pack to block the flow of charge / discharge current.
  • the electrical plate 700 may be provided on the cell assembly 100.
  • the electrical plate 700 may be positioned on the upper end plate 600. According to this configuration of the present invention, mounting, assembly, replacement, etc. of the electrical equipment can be facilitated.
  • the electric plate 700 may be penetrated by the bolt 310 of the lower end plate. That is, the bolt 310 of the lower end plate may be configured to penetrate the electric plate 700 together with the fastening hole H1 of the cartridge 120, the upper end plate 600, and the like.
  • the battery pack according to the present invention may further include a duct (D) for flowing in and out of the refrigerant, such as air into the cell assembly 100.
  • the duct D may include an inlet duct for introducing refrigerant from the outside of the cell assembly 100 to the inside, and an outlet duct for flowing out the refrigerant from the inside of the cell assembly 100 to the outside.
  • the inlet duct and the outlet duct may be disposed on opposite sides of each other for smooth flow of the refrigerant.
  • each cartridge 120 may include two cooling plates 122 spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance, and refrigerant may be introduced into the spaced spaces of the cooling plates 122.
  • the refrigerant flowing between the spaced spaces of the cooling plate 122 of the cartridge 120 may be discharged to the outside through the outlet duct.
  • the battery pack according to the present invention may further include an upper housing 500, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8.
  • the upper housing 500 may be coupled to the upper open end of the lower housing 200 to seal the upper open end.
  • the upper housing 500 may be made of a plastic material in order to secure electrical insulation and secure lightweight and formability.
  • the upper housing 500 may be fastened and fixed to the lower housing 200 using the bolt 310 of the lower end plate. That is, the upper housing 500 may have a coupling hole H5 formed at a position corresponding to the bolt 310 of the lower end plate, and the bolt 310 of the lower end plate penetrates the coupling hole H5. To protrude to the upper portion of the upper housing 500.
  • the upper housing 500 may be fastened and fixed to the bolt 310 by coupling the fastening member such as the nut N to the upper end of the protruding bolt 310. Since the bolt 310 is mounted on the lower end plate 300 fixed to the lower portion of the lower housing 200, when the upper housing 500 is fastened and fixed to the bolt 310, the upper housing 200 is connected to the lower housing 200. 500 may be said to be fastened and fixed.
  • the bolt 310 of the lower end plate is used to couple and fix the lower housing 200 and the upper housing 500, the lower housing 200 and the upper housing 500 are fastened. There is no need to provide a fastening member separately. Therefore, according to this aspect of the present invention, the processability and productivity of the battery pack can be improved and the structure can be simplified. Furthermore, in the present invention, since the lower end plate 300 is located below the lower housing 200, and the upper housing 500 is coupled to the bolt 310 of the lower end plate, the lower housing 200 and Fixing force between the upper housing 500 may be further improved.
  • a sealing member may be included between the upper housing 500 and the lower housing 200.
  • a sealing member such as rubber or silicon may be provided in a ring shape along an edge portion where the upper housing 500 and the lower housing 200 contact each other.
  • the sealing member improves the sealing property between the upper housing 500 and the lower housing 200, and water, dust, and the like are connected between the upper housing 500 and the lower housing 200. It can prevent foreign matter from penetrating.
  • the generated gas when the gas is generated in the secondary battery 110, the generated gas can be discharged through a desired path, and prevented from being sucked by the user is leaked by an unexpected path. Can be.
  • the battery pack according to the present invention may further include other various components in addition to the above configuration.
  • the battery pack according to the present invention further includes a bus bar for transferring charge / discharge power of the cell assembly 100, a cable for transmitting electrical signals, a power supply terminal for connecting with an external charge / discharge device, and the like. can do.
  • the battery pack according to the present invention can be applied to an automobile such as an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle. That is, the vehicle according to the present invention may include a battery pack according to the present invention.
  • a battery pack according to the present invention in particular, in the case of a vehicle that obtains driving power from a battery such as an electric vehicle, a medium-large battery pack may be used. In this case, securing rigidity and fixing force of the battery pack, improving energy density, weight reduction, and miniaturization may be very important factors. have. Therefore, when the battery pack according to the present invention is applied to such a vehicle, these various elements can be improved.
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart schematically illustrating a method of manufacturing a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the lower end plate 300 is disposed below the lower housing 200 (S110), and the lower cover 400 is disposed below the lower end plate 300.
  • Position (S120), the lower cover 400 and the step of fixing the lower housing 200 (S130) and the secondary battery 110 and the cartridge 120 in the inner space of the lower housing 200 laminated Step S140 is included.
  • the lower end plate 300 which is formed of a plate-like metal material, may be disposed in a surface contact form at a lower portion of the lower housing 200 having an empty space therein and having an open upper portion.
  • the lower cover 400 may be positioned below the lower end plate 300 to cover the lower end plate 300.
  • the lower cover 400 and the lower housing 200 may be fixed to each other at least on one side.
  • the secondary battery 110 and the cartridge 120 for accommodating the secondary battery 110 in a form of surrounding the outer circumferential portion of the secondary battery 110 are stacked.
  • the step S130 may be performed by a laser welding method.
  • the lower end plate 300 includes one or more bolts 310 formed to protrude upward, and the lower housing 200 has one or more through-holes H2 formed therein.
  • the bolt 310 of the lower end plate may pass through the through hole H2 of the lower housing 200.
  • At least one insertion hole H1 may be formed in the cartridge 120.
  • the bolt 310 of the lower end plate may be inserted into the insertion hole H1 of the cartridge 120.
  • the cell assembly 100 may further include the step of mounting the upper end plate 600 made of a plate-shaped metal material on the top.
  • the bolt 310 of the lower end plate may be configured to pass through the upper end plate 600.
  • the method may further include mounting the electric plate 700 on which the at least one electronic component of the BMS, the current sensor, the relay, and the fuse is mounted on the stack of the cell assembly 100.
  • the bolt 310 of the lower end plate may be configured to pass through the electric plate 700.
  • the electrical plate 700 may be disposed on the upper end of the upper end plate 600.
  • step S140 coupling the upper housing 500 to the upper open end of the lower housing 200 in a state where the bolt 310 of the lower end plate is penetrated and protrudes to the upper portion of the upper housing 500.
  • the method may further include coupling a fastening member such as a nut to the bolt 310 of the lower end plate.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed is a battery pack that can: improve assembly efficiency, process efficiency, and productivity; reduce a manufacturing cost; and enhance the sealing efficiency and durability of a pack case. A battery pack, according to an aspect of the present invention, comprises: a cell assembly that includes a plurality of secondary batteries and a plurality of cartridges that are capable of being stacked on each other and surround the outer peripheral portions of the secondary batteries from the outside to receive the secondary batteries therein; a lower housing that has an empty space therein and is open at the top thereof, the cell assembly being received in the internal space of the lower housing; a lower end plate formed of a plate-shaped metal material and disposed to make surface-to-surface contact with the lower surface of the lower housing; and a lower cover located below the lower end plate to cover the lower end plate and fixedly coupled with the lower housing.

Description

배터리 팩 및 그 제조 방법Battery pack and manufacturing method thereof
본 출원은 2015년 4월 30일자로 출원된 한국 특허출원 번호 제10-2015-0061977호에 대한 우선권주장출원으로서, 해당 출원의 명세서 및 도면에 개시된 모든 내용은 인용에 의해 본 출원에 원용된다.This application is a priority application for Korean Patent Application No. 10-2015-0061977 filed April 30, 2015, and all contents disclosed in the specification and drawings of the application are incorporated herein by reference.
본 발명은 하나 이상의 이차 전지를 포함하는 배터리에 관한 것으로서, 보다 상세하게는 에너지 밀도가 향상되고 조립성이 개선되며 내구성이 개선된 배터리 팩 및 이를 포함하는 자동차, 그리고 이러한 배터리 팩을 제조하는 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a battery including at least one secondary battery, and more particularly, to a battery pack having an improved energy density, improved assemblability, and improved durability, an automobile including the same, and a method of manufacturing the battery pack. It is about.
현재 상용화된 이차 전지로는 니켈 카드뮴 전지, 니켈 수소 전지, 니켈 아연 전지, 리튬 이차 전지 등이 있는데, 이 중에서 리튬 이차 전지는 니켈 계열의 이차 전지에 비해 메모리 효과가 거의 일어나지 않아 충 방전이 자유롭고, 자가 방전율이 매우 낮으며 에너지 밀도가 높은 장점으로 각광을 받고 있다. Commercially available secondary batteries include nickel cadmium batteries, nickel hydride batteries, nickel zinc batteries, and lithium secondary batteries. Among them, lithium secondary batteries have almost no memory effect compared to nickel-based secondary batteries, and thus are free of charge and discharge. The self-discharge rate is very low and the energy density is high.
이러한 리튬 이차 전지는 주로 리튬계 산화물과 탄소재를 각각 양극 활물질과 음극 활물질로 사용한다. 리튬 이차 전지는, 이러한 양극 활물질과 음극 활물질이 각각 도포된 양극판과 음극판이 세퍼레이터를 사이에 두고 배치된 전극 조립체와, 전극 조립체를 전해액과 함께 밀봉 수납하는 외장재, 즉 전지 케이스를 구비한다.Such lithium secondary batteries mainly use lithium-based oxides and carbon materials as positive electrode active materials and negative electrode active materials, respectively. The lithium secondary battery includes an electrode assembly in which a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate coated with the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material are disposed with a separator interposed therebetween, and a packaging material that seals the electrode assembly together with the electrolyte solution, that is, a battery case.
일반적으로 리튬 이차 전지는 외장재의 형상에 따라, 전극 조립체가 금속 캔에 내장되어 있는 캔형 이차 전지와 전극 조립체가 알루미늄 라미네이트 시트의 파우치에 내장되어 있는 파우치형 이차 전지로 분류될 수 있다. In general, a lithium secondary battery may be classified into a can type secondary battery in which an electrode assembly is embedded in a metal can and a pouch type secondary battery in which an electrode assembly is embedded in a pouch of an aluminum laminate sheet, depending on the shape of the exterior material.
최근에는 휴대형 전자기기와 같은 소형 장치뿐 아니라, 자동차나 전력저장장치와 같은 중대형 장치에도 이차 전지가 널리 이용되고 있다. 이러한 중대형 장치에 이용되는 경우, 용량 및 출력을 높이기 위해 많은 수의 이차 전지가 전기적으로 연결된다. 특히, 이러한 중대형 장치에는 적층이 용이하고 무게가 가볍다는 등의 장점으로 인해 파우치형 이차 전지가 많이 이용된다.Recently, secondary batteries are widely used not only in small devices such as portable electronic devices but also in medium and large devices such as automobiles and power storage devices. When used in such medium and large devices, a large number of secondary batteries are electrically connected to increase capacity and output. In particular, the pouch-type secondary battery is widely used in such a medium-large device because of its advantages such as easy lamination and light weight.
종래 다수의 파우치형 이차 전지를 적층시켜 셀 어셈블리를 마련하고, 이를 팩 케이스에 수납하여 배터리 팩을 구성할 때, 셀 어셈블리의 적층 방향 양단 최외측에는 엔드 플레이트가 구비되는 경우가 있다. 이러한 엔드 플레이트는, 주로 금속 재질로 구성되어, 이차 전지와 카트리지를 보호 및 고정하고 면압을 유지하는 역할을 할 수 있다. Conventionally, when a plurality of pouch type secondary batteries are stacked to provide a cell assembly and the battery assembly is accommodated in a pack case to form a battery pack, an end plate may be provided at both outermost ends of the cell assembly in the stacking direction. The end plate is mainly composed of a metal material, and may serve to protect and fix the secondary battery and the cartridge and maintain the surface pressure.
하지만, 이와 같은 종래 배터리 팩 구성에 있어서, 셀 어셈블리에서 엔드 플레이트를 고정시키는 구성과는 별도로, 셀 어셈블리와 팩 케이스를 고정시켜야 할 필요가 있다. 대표적으로는, 이러한 셀 어셈블리를 고정시키기 위해, 셀 어셈블리의 엔드 플레이트와 팩 케이스 사이를 볼트 및 너트 등의 체결 부재를 이용해 고정시켜야 할 수 있다. 이 경우, 이러한 체결 부재를 마련하기 위해, 팩 케이스와 엔드 플레이트는 별도의 공간을 마련할 필요가 있다. 또한, 셀 어셈블리와 팩 케이스를 체결시키는 작업을 수행하기 위해 팩 케이스에는 여유 공간이 필요할 수 있다. 그런데, 이와 같은 공간의 경우, 이차 전지의 수납과는 관계 없는 부분이기에, 이는 배터리 팩의 에너지 밀도를 낮추는 요인이 될 수 있고, 배터리 팩의 구조를 더욱 복잡하게 할 수 있다. However, in such a conventional battery pack configuration, it is necessary to fix the cell assembly and the pack case apart from the configuration for fixing the end plate in the cell assembly. Typically, in order to fix such a cell assembly, it may be necessary to fix the fastening member such as a bolt and a nut between the end plate and the pack case of the cell assembly. In this case, in order to provide such a fastening member, the pack case and the end plate need to provide a separate space. In addition, the pack case may need free space to perform the work of fastening the cell assembly to the pack case. However, in the case of such a space, since it is a part irrelevant to the storage of the secondary battery, this may be a factor of lowering the energy density of the battery pack, and may further complicate the structure of the battery pack.
또한, 이와 같이 체결 부재에 의해 엔드 플레이트와 팩 케이스가 고정되는 구성은, 배터리 팩의 계속적인 사용으로 진동이나 충격 등에 노출되는 경우, 체결 상태가 느슨해질 염려가 있어 팩 케이스 내부에서 셀 어셈블리의 고정 상태가 안정적으로 유지되지 못할 수 있다. 그리고, 이는, 배터리 팩에 포함되는 여러 구성요소의 파손 및 손상 등을 가져와 배터리 팩의 고장을 일으키는 원인이 될 수 있다.In addition, the structure in which the end plate and the pack case are fixed by the fastening member may loosen the fastening state when exposed to vibration or shock due to the continuous use of the battery pack, thereby fixing the cell assembly inside the pack case. The state may not be stable. In addition, this may cause breakage and damage of various components included in the battery pack, which may cause a failure of the battery pack.
뿐만 아니라, 상기와 같은 종래 배터리 팩 구성의 경우, 엔드 플레이트와 팩 케이스의 조립 공정이 쉽지 않고, 엔드 플레이트와 팩 케이스를 고정하기 위한 체결 부재 등이 추가로 필요하며, 이러한 체결 부재를 팩 케이스에 미리 마련해 두는 공정이 쉽지 않아, 생산성이 저하되고, 제조 비용이 증가하는 문제를 갖고 있다.In addition, in the conventional battery pack configuration as described above, the assembly process of the end plate and the pack case is not easy, and a fastening member for fixing the end plate and the pack case is further required, and the fastening member is attached to the pack case. The process to prepare in advance is not easy, and there exists a problem that productivity falls and manufacturing cost increases.
더욱이, 일반적인 배터리 팩의 경우, 셀 어셈블리를 수납하는 팩 케이스로서 플라스틱 재질을 이용하는 경우가 많은데, 이러한 팩 케이스의 경우, 강성이 높지 않아, 충격 등에 약하다는 단점이 있다.In addition, in the case of a general battery pack, a plastic material is often used as a pack case for accommodating the cell assembly. In the case of such a pack case, the rigidity is not high, and thus there is a disadvantage in that it is weak in impact.
따라서, 본 발명은 상기와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위해 창안된 것으로서, 조립성, 공정성 및 생산성이 향상되고, 제조 비용이 감소되며, 팩 케이스의 실링성 및 내구성이 보강된 배터리 팩과 그 제조 방법, 그리고 이러한 배터리 팩을 포함하는 자동차를 제공하는 것을 목적으로 한다.Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, the assembly, fairness and productivity is improved, the manufacturing cost is reduced, the sealing and durability of the pack case and the battery pack and its manufacturing method, And it aims at providing the motor vehicle containing such a battery pack.
본 발명의 다른 목적 및 장점들은 하기의 설명에 의해서 이해될 수 있으며, 본 발명의 실시예에 의해 보다 분명하게 알게 될 것이다. 또한, 본 발명의 목적 및 장점들은 특허 청구 범위에 나타낸 수단 및 그 조합에 의해 실현될 수 있음을 쉽게 알 수 있을 것이다.Other objects and advantages of the present invention can be understood by the following description, and will be more clearly understood by the embodiments of the present invention. Also, it will be readily appreciated that the objects and advantages of the present invention may be realized by the means and combinations thereof indicated in the claims.
상기와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명에 따른 배터리 팩은, 복수의 이차 전지, 및 상호 적층 가능하며 상기 이차 전지의 외주부를 외측에서 감싸 상기 이차 전지를 수용하는 복수의 카트리지를 구비하는 셀 어셈블리; 내부에 빈 공간을 구비하여 상기 셀 어셈블리를 내부 공간에 수납하고, 상부가 개방된 형태로 구성된 로워 하우징; 판상의 금속 재질로 구성되며, 상기 로워 하우징의 하면에 면접촉한 형태로 배치된 하부 엔드 플레이트; 및 상기 하부 엔드 플레이트의 하부에 위치하여 상기 하부 엔드 플레이트를 커버하며, 상기 로워 하우징과 결합 고정된 로워 커버를 포함한다.According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a battery pack including a plurality of secondary batteries, and a cell assembly including a plurality of cartridges that are stackable with each other and which surround the outer circumferential portion of the secondary battery from the outside to accommodate the secondary batteries; A lower housing having an empty space therein to receive the cell assembly in the inner space and having an open top; A lower end plate formed of a plate-shaped metal material and disposed in surface contact with a lower surface of the lower housing; And a lower cover positioned below the lower end plate to cover the lower end plate and fixedly coupled to the lower housing.
여기서, 상기 로워 커버는, 상기 로워 하우징과 레이저 용접에 의해 결합 고정될 수 있다.Here, the lower cover may be fixedly coupled to the lower housing by laser welding.
또한, 상기 로워 커버는, 상기 로워 하우징과 동일한 플라스틱 재질로 구성될 수 있다.In addition, the lower cover may be made of the same plastic material as the lower housing.
또한, 상기 로워 커버는, 상기 하부 엔드 플레이트의 테두리를 따라 상기 테두리 외측에서 상기 로워 하우징과 결합 고정될 수 있다.In addition, the lower cover may be fixedly coupled to the lower housing outside the edge along the edge of the lower end plate.
또한, 상기 하부 엔드 플레이트는 중앙 부분에 하나 이상의 개구부가 형성되고, 상기 로워 커버는 상기 개구부를 통해 상기 로워 하우징과 결합 고정될 수 있다.In addition, the lower end plate may have one or more openings formed in a central portion thereof, and the lower cover may be fixedly coupled to the lower housing through the openings.
또한, 상기 로워 하우징과 상기 로워 커버는, 상호 대응되는 형태로 요철부가 형성될 수 있다.In addition, the lower housing and the lower cover, the uneven portion may be formed in a form corresponding to each other.
또한, 상기 하부 엔드 플레이트는 상부 방향으로 돌출되게 형성된 볼트를 하나 이상 구비하고, 상기 로워 하우징은 상기 볼트가 관통되도록 관통홀이 하나 이상 형성될 수 있다.In addition, the lower end plate may have one or more bolts formed to protrude upward, and the lower housing may have one or more through-holes to allow the bolts to pass therethrough.
또한, 상기 셀 어셈블리는 삽입홀이 하나 이상 형성되고, 상기 볼트는 상기 삽입홀에 삽입될 수 있다.In addition, the cell assembly may include one or more insertion holes, and the bolt may be inserted into the insertion hole.
또한, 상기 셀 어셈블리는, 상기 이차 전지 및 상기 카트리지가 상하 방향으로 적층된 형태로 구성되고, 상기 셀 어셈블리에서 최하층에 위치하는 카트리지는, 상기 로워 하우징의 내부 공간 하부면에 접촉하여 안착될 수 있다.In addition, the cell assembly may be configured such that the secondary battery and the cartridge are stacked in the vertical direction, and the cartridge located at the lowest layer in the cell assembly may be seated in contact with the lower surface of the inner space of the lower housing. .
또한, 본 발명에 따른 배터리 팩은, 판상의 금속 재질로 구성되며, 상기 셀 어셈블리의 상부에 구비되어 상기 셀 어셈블리의 상부를 커버하는 상부 엔드 플레이트를 더 포함할 수 있다.The battery pack according to the present invention may further include an upper end plate formed of a plate-shaped metal material and provided on an upper portion of the cell assembly to cover an upper portion of the cell assembly.
또한, 본 발명에 따른 배터리 팩은, 상기 로워 하우징의 상부 개방단에 결합되어, 상부 개방단을 밀폐시키는 어퍼 하우징을 더 포함할 수 있다.In addition, the battery pack according to the present invention may further include an upper housing coupled to the upper open end of the lower housing to seal the upper open end.
또한 상기와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명에 따른 자동차는, 본 발명에 따른 배터리 팩을 포함한다.In addition, the vehicle according to the present invention for achieving the above object includes a battery pack according to the present invention.
또한 상기와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명에 따른 배터리 팩 제조 방법은, 내부에 빈 공간을 구비하며 상부가 개방된 형태로 구성된 로워 하우징의 하부에, 판상의 금속 재질로 구성된 하부 엔드 플레이트를 면접촉한 형태로 배치시키는 단계; 상기 하부 엔드 플레이트를 커버하도록 상기 하부 엔드 플레이트의 하부에 로워 커버를 위치시키는 단계; 상기 로워 커버와 상기 로워 하우징을 결합 고정시키는 단계; 및 상기 로워 하우징의 내부 공간에서, 이차 전지와 상기 이차 전지의 외주부를 외측에서 감싸는 형태로 이차 전지를 수용하는 카트리지를 적층시키는 단계를 포함한다.In addition, the battery pack manufacturing method according to the present invention for achieving the above object, the lower end of the lower housing having an empty space therein is configured in the form of an open, the lower end plate made of a plate-like metal material interview Placing in moist form; Positioning a lower cover below the lower end plate to cover the lower end plate; Coupling the lower cover and the lower housing to each other; And stacking a cartridge for accommodating the secondary battery in a form surrounding the secondary battery and the outer circumference of the secondary battery in an inner space of the lower housing.
여기서, 상기 결합 고정 단계는, 레이저 용접 방식에 의해 수행될 수 있다.Here, the coupling fixing step may be performed by a laser welding method.
또한, 상기 하부 엔드 플레이트는 상부 방향으로 돌출되게 형성된 볼트를 하나 이상 구비하고, 상기 로워 하우징은 관통홀이 하나 이상 형성되어, 상기 하부 엔드 플레이트의 배치 단계는, 상기 로워 하우징의 관통홀에 상기 하부 엔드 플레이트의 볼트가 관통되도록 수행될 수 있다.In addition, the lower end plate is provided with one or more bolts formed to protrude in the upper direction, the lower housing is formed with one or more through holes, the step of placing the lower end plate, the lower hole in the through hole of the lower housing The bolt of the end plate may be carried out.
또한, 상기 카트리지에는 삽입홀이 하나 이상 형성되어, 상기 이차 전지와 상기 카트리지의 적층 단계는, 상기 하부 엔드 플레이트의 볼트가 상기 카트리지의 삽입홀에 삽입되도록 수행될 수 있다.In addition, one or more insertion holes are formed in the cartridge, and the stacking of the secondary battery and the cartridge may be performed such that the bolt of the lower end plate is inserted into the insertion hole of the cartridge.
본 발명의 일 측면에 의하면, 셀 어셈블리를 보호하고 강성을 확보하기 위한 엔드 플레이트를 팩 케이스와 결합시키기 위한 체결 구성이 하부 엔드 플레이트와 팩 케이스에 별도로 마련될 필요가 없다. According to one aspect of the present invention, a fastening configuration for coupling the end plate for protecting the cell assembly and securing rigidity with the pack case does not need to be separately provided in the lower end plate and the pack case.
따라서, 본 발명의 이러한 측면에 의하면, 배터리 팩의 조립성 및 공정성이 향상되고, 부품 감소로 제조 비용 및 시간이 감소될 수 있다. 또한, 본 발명의 이러한 측면에 의하면, 엔드 플레이트와 팩 케이스 사이의 체결 구성을 구비하기 위한 공간 및 이러한 체결 구성을 형성하기 위한 작업 공간 등을 팩 케이스 내부에 마련할 필요가 없다. 그러므로, 배터리 팩의 공간 활용도가 높아지며, 배터리 팩 내부에서 불필요한 공간이 제거되어 에너지 밀도 향상 및 소형화가 보다 용이하게 달성될 수 있다.Therefore, according to this aspect of the present invention, the assemblability and processability of the battery pack can be improved, and the manufacturing cost and time can be reduced by reducing the parts. Further, according to this aspect of the present invention, it is not necessary to provide a space for providing a fastening configuration between the end plate and the pack case, and a working space for forming such a fastening configuration, inside the pack case. Therefore, the space utilization of the battery pack is increased, and unnecessary space is eliminated inside the battery pack, so that energy density improvement and miniaturization can be more easily achieved.
또한, 본 발명의 일 측면에 의하면, 팩 케이스와 엔드 플레이트 사이의 결합 구성이 해제되거나 느슨해질 염려가 없으므로, 팩 케이스 내부에서 셀 어셈블리의 고정력이 향상될 수 있다. 따라서, 셀 어셈블리의 유동으로 인한 배터리 팩의 파손이나 고장을 예방할 수 있다.In addition, according to an aspect of the present invention, there is no fear of loosening or loosening the coupling configuration between the pack case and the end plate, the fixing force of the cell assembly in the pack case can be improved. Therefore, breakage or failure of the battery pack due to the flow of the cell assembly can be prevented.
또한, 본 발명의 일 측면에 의하면, 팩 케이스 내부, 특히 로워 하우징과 로워 커버 사이에 하부 엔드 플레이트가 내장됨으로써, 팩 케이스의 자체 강성이 향상될 수 있다. 따라서, 본 발명의 이러한 측면에 의하면, 팩 케이스에 외부 충격이 가해지더라도, 팩 케이스, 특히 로워 하우징이 파손되는 것을 방지하여, 로워 하우징 내부에 위치한 배터리 팩의 구성요소, 이를테면 셀 어셈블리나 전장품을 안전하게 보호할 수 있다.In addition, according to one aspect of the present invention, the lower end plate is embedded in the pack case, in particular between the lower housing and the lower cover, thereby improving the rigidity of the pack case itself. Thus, according to this aspect of the present invention, even if an external shock is applied to the pack case, the pack case, especially the lower housing, is prevented from being damaged, thereby safely protecting the components of the battery pack located inside the lower housing, such as the cell assembly or the electronics. I can protect it.
뿐만 아니라, 본 발명의 일 측면에 의하면, 팩 케이스 내부에 위치한 하부 엔드 플레이트로 인해, 팩 케이스의 실링성이 향상될 수 있다. 예를 들어, 팩 케이스에 충격이 가해져 로워 커버가 다소 파손되더라도, 엔드 플레이트로 인해 로워 하우징으로 수분이나 침상체, 돌 등의 이물질이 침투하는 것을 최소화할 수 있다. 특히, 전기 자동차 등에 사용되는 배터리 팩의 경우 사용 중 외부 이물질 침투 가능성이 높으나, 본 발명의 이러한 측면에 의하면, 내구성이 안정적으로 확보될 수 있다.In addition, according to an aspect of the present invention, the sealing property of the pack case can be improved due to the lower end plate located inside the pack case. For example, even if a shock is applied to the pack case and the lower cover is somewhat damaged, the penetration of foreign matter such as moisture, needles, stones, etc. into the lower housing due to the end plate can be minimized. In particular, in the case of a battery pack used in an electric vehicle, the likelihood of penetrating foreign matter during use is high, but according to this aspect of the present invention, durability can be secured stably.
본 명세서에 첨부되는 다음의 도면들은 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 예시하는 것이며, 후술하는 발명의 상세한 설명과 함께 본 발명의 기술사상을 더욱 이해시키는 역할을 하는 것이므로, 본 발명은 그러한 도면에 기재된 사항에만 한정되어 해석되어서는 아니 된다.The following drawings attached to this specification are illustrative of preferred embodiments of the present invention, and together with the detailed description of the invention to serve to further understand the technical spirit of the present invention, the present invention is a matter described in such drawings It should not be construed as limited to.
도 1은, 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 배터리 팩의 구성을 개략적으로 나타내는 결합 사시도이다. 1 is a combined perspective view schematically showing the configuration of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 2는, 도 1의 구성을 분리하여 나타낸 분리 사시도이다.2 is an exploded perspective view showing the configuration of FIG. 1 separately.
도 3은, 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 카트리지와 이차 전지의 구성을 개략적으로 나타내는 사시도이다.3 is a perspective view schematically showing the configuration of a cartridge and a secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 4는, 로워 커버가 로워 하우징과 결합된 구성을 개략적으로 나타내는 사시도이다. 4 is a perspective view schematically showing a configuration in which a lower cover is coupled with a lower housing.
도 5는, 도 4의 A1-A1'선에 대한 단면도이다.5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A1-A1 'of FIG.
도 6은, 도 4의 하면도이다.6 is a bottom view of FIG. 4.
도 7은, 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 배터리 팩의 구성을 개략적으로 나타내는 분리 사시도이다.7 is an exploded perspective view schematically illustrating a configuration of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 8은, 도 7의 결합 사시도이다.FIG. 8 is a combined perspective view of FIG. 7.
도 9는, 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 배터리 팩의 제조 방법을 개략적으로 나타내는 흐름도이다.9 is a flowchart schematically illustrating a method of manufacturing a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
이하, 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 상세히 설명하기로 한다. 이에 앞서, 본 명세서 및 청구범위에 사용된 용어나 단어는 통상적이거나 사전적인 의미로 한정해서 해석되어서는 아니되며, 발명자는 그 자신의 발명을 가장 최선의 방법으로 설명하기 위해 용어의 개념을 적절하게 정의할 수 있다는 원칙에 입각하여 본 발명의 기술적 사상에 부합하는 의미와 개념으로 해석되어야만 한다.Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Prior to this, terms or words used in the specification and claims should not be construed as having a conventional or dictionary meaning, and the inventors should properly explain the concept of terms in order to best explain their own invention. Based on the principle that can be defined, it should be interpreted as meaning and concept corresponding to the technical idea of the present invention.
따라서, 본 명세서에 기재된 실시예와 도면에 도시된 구성은 본 발명의 가장 바람직한 일 실시예에 불과할 뿐이고 본 발명의 기술적 사상에 모두 대변하는 것은 아니므로, 본 출원시점에 있어서 이들을 대체할 수 있는 다양한 균등물과 변형예들이 있을 수 있음을 이해하여야 한다.Therefore, the embodiments described in the specification and the drawings shown in the drawings are only the most preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not represent all of the technical spirit of the present invention, various modifications that can be replaced at the time of the present application It should be understood that there may be equivalents and variations.
도 1은, 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 배터리 팩의 구성을 개략적으로 나타내는 결합 사시도이다. 또한, 도 2는, 도 1의 구성을 분리하여 나타낸 분리 사시도이다.1 is a combined perspective view schematically showing the configuration of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing the configuration of FIG. 1 separately.
도 1 및 도 2를 참조하면, 본 발명에 따른 배터리 팩은, 셀 어셈블리(100), 로워 하우징(200), 하부 엔드 플레이트(300) 및 로워 커버(400)를 포함한다.1 and 2, a battery pack according to the present invention includes a cell assembly 100, a lower housing 200, a lower end plate 300, and a lower cover 400.
상기 셀 어셈블리(100)는, 복수의 이차 전지 및 카트리지를 구비할 수 있다.The cell assembly 100 may include a plurality of secondary batteries and a cartridge.
여기서, 이차 전지는, 충방전을 통해 전기적 에너지를 저장하거나 방출하는 구성요소로서, 특히 파우치형 이차 전지 형태일 수 있다. 이러한 이차 전지는, 전극 조립체, 전해질 및 파우치 외장재를 구비할 수 있다. 더욱이, 본 발명에 따른 이차 전지는, 리튬 이차 전지일 수 있다.Here, the secondary battery is a component that stores or emits electrical energy through charge and discharge, and may be in the form of a pouch type secondary battery. Such a secondary battery may include an electrode assembly, an electrolyte, and a pouch packaging material. Furthermore, the secondary battery according to the present invention may be a lithium secondary battery.
여기서, 전극 조립체는, 하나 이상의 양극판 및 하나 이상의 음극판이 세퍼레이터를 사이에 두고 배치된 형태로 구성될 수 있다. 보다 구체적으로, 전극 조립체는, 하나의 양극판과 하나의 음극판이 세퍼레이터와 함께 권취된 권취형, 및 다수의 양극판과 다수의 음극판이 세퍼레이터를 사이에 두고 교대로 적층된 스택형 등으로 구분될 수 있다.Here, the electrode assembly may be configured such that at least one positive electrode plate and at least one negative electrode plate are disposed with the separator interposed therebetween. More specifically, the electrode assembly may be classified into a winding type in which one positive electrode plate and one negative electrode plate are wound together with a separator, and a stack type in which a plurality of positive electrode plates and a plurality of negative electrode plates are alternately stacked with a separator interposed therebetween. .
또한, 파우치 외장재는, 외부 절연층, 금속층 및 내부 접착층을 구비하는 형태로 구성될 수 있다. 이러한 파우치 외장재는, 전극 조립체와 전해액 등 내부 구성요소를 보호하고, 전극 조립체와 전해액에 의한 전기 화학적 성질에 대한 보완 및 방열성 등을 제고하기 위하여 금속 박막, 이를테면 알루미늄 박막이 포함된 형태로 구성될 수 있다. 그리고, 이러한 알루미늄 박막은, 전극 조립체 및 전해액과 같은 이차 전지 내부의 구성요소나 이차 전지 외부의 다른 구성 요소와의 전기적 절연성을 확보하기 위해, 절연물질로 형성된 절연층 사이, 즉 외부 절연층과 내부 접착층 사이에 개재될 수 있다.In addition, the pouch packaging material may be configured to include an outer insulating layer, a metal layer, and an inner adhesive layer. The pouch sheath may be formed of a metal thin film such as an aluminum thin film to protect internal components such as the electrode assembly and the electrolyte, and to improve the electrochemical properties and the heat dissipation of the electrode assembly and the electrolyte. have. In addition, such an aluminum thin film is formed between an insulating layer formed of an insulating material, that is, an outer insulating layer and an inner layer, in order to ensure electrical insulation between components inside a secondary battery such as an electrode assembly and an electrolyte or other components outside the secondary battery. It may be interposed between the adhesive layers.
특히, 파우치 외장재는, 2개의 파우치로 구성될 수 있으며, 그 중 적어도 하나에는 오목한 형태의 내부 공간이 형성될 수 있다. 그리고, 이러한 파우치의 내부 공간에는 전극 조립체가 수납될 수 있다. 또한, 2개의 파우치의 외주면에는 실링부가 구비되어 이러한 실링부가 서로 융착됨으로써, 전극 조립체가 수용된 내부 공간이 밀폐되도록 할 수 있다.In particular, the pouch sheath may be composed of two pouches, and at least one of the pouch sheaths may have a concave inner space. The electrode assembly may be accommodated in the inner space of the pouch. In addition, the outer peripheral surfaces of the two pouches are provided with a sealing portion such that the sealing portions are fused to each other, so that the inner space in which the electrode assembly is accommodated can be sealed.
한편, 전극 조립체의 각 전극판에는 전극 탭이 구비되며, 하나 이상의 전극 탭이 전극 리드와 연결될 수 있다. 그리고, 전극 리드는 2개의 파우치의 실링부 사이에 개재되어 파우치 외장재의 외부로 노출됨으로써, 이차 전지의 전극 단자로서 기능할 수 있다.On the other hand, each electrode plate of the electrode assembly is provided with an electrode tab, one or more electrode tabs may be connected to the electrode lead. The electrode lead is interposed between the sealing portions of the two pouches and exposed to the outside of the pouch packaging material, thereby functioning as an electrode terminal of the secondary battery.
본 발명의 일 측면에 따른 셀 어셈블리(100)에는, 본원발명의 출원 시점에 공지된 다양한 형태의 파우치형 이차 전지가 채용될 수 있다.In the cell assembly 100 according to an aspect of the present invention, various types of pouch type secondary batteries known at the time of filing the present invention may be employed.
상기 이차 전지는, 배터리 팩에 다수 포함될 수 있다. 특히, 이러한 다수의 이차 전지는, 넓은 면이 상부와 하부를 향하도록 눕혀진 형태로 상하 방향으로 배열될 수 있다.The secondary battery may be included in a battery pack. In particular, such a plurality of secondary batteries may be arranged in a vertical direction in such a manner that their wide sides face down to face the top and the bottom.
상기 카트리지는, 이차 전지를 내부 공간에 수용하며, 특히 이차 전지의 외주부를 외측에서 감싸도록 구성될 수 있다.The cartridge may be configured to accommodate the secondary battery in the inner space, and in particular to surround the outer circumferential portion of the secondary battery from the outside.
도 3은, 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 카트리지(120)와 이차 전지(110)의 구성을 개략적으로 나타내는 사시도이다.3 is a perspective view schematically showing the configuration of the cartridge 120 and the secondary battery 110 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 3을 참조하면, 상기 카트리지(120)는, 대략 사각 링 형태로 형성된 메인 프레임(121)을 구비할 수 있다. 이 경우, 상기 카트리지(120)의 메인 프레임(121)은, 양 단부가 상호 연결된 4개의 단위 프레임으로 구성될 수 있다. 이러한 카트리지(120)는, 각 단위 프레임이 별도로 제조된 후 상호 조립되는 형태로 마련될 수도 있고, 처음부터 서로 일체화된 형태로 성형될 수도 있다.Referring to FIG. 3, the cartridge 120 may include a main frame 121 formed in a substantially rectangular ring shape. In this case, the main frame 121 of the cartridge 120 may be composed of four unit frames connected at both ends. The cartridge 120 may be provided in a form in which each unit frame is separately manufactured and then assembled together, or may be molded into an integrated form from the beginning.
특히, 파우치형 이차 전지(110)는 대략 사각형 형태로 구성될 수 있다. 따라서, 상기 실시예와 같이, 카트리지(120)의 메인 프레임(121)이 사각 링 형태로 형성되는 경우, 중앙의 빈 공간에 이차 전지(110)가 위치하도록 함으로써 이차 전지의 테두리부를 외측에서 감싸도록 구성될 수 있다. 그러므로, 카트리지(120)는, 이차 전지(110)를 수납하며 이차 전지(110)의 외측을 보호할 수 있다. In particular, the pouch type secondary battery 110 may be configured in a substantially rectangular shape. Therefore, as in the above embodiment, when the main frame 121 of the cartridge 120 is formed in a rectangular ring shape, the secondary battery 110 is positioned in an empty space at the center to surround the edge of the secondary battery from the outside. Can be configured. Therefore, the cartridge 120 may accommodate the secondary battery 110 and protect the outside of the secondary battery 110.
또한, 상기 카트리지(120)는, 중앙 부분에 열전도성 재질의 냉각 플레이트(122)를 구비할 수 있다. 예를 들어, 상기 카트리지(120)는, 메인 프레임(121)으로 한정된 사각 링의 중앙 부분에 알루미늄 재질의 냉각 플레이트(122)를 구비할 수 있다. 이때, 냉각 플레이트(122)는 상하 방향으로 소정 거리 이격된 2개의 플레이트, 즉 상부 플레이트 및 하부 플레이트로 구성될 수 있다. 그리고, 이러한 2개의 냉각 플레이트(122) 사이에는 유로(P)가 형성되어 공기와 같은 냉매가 이동할 수 있다. 이러한 카트리지(120) 구성에 있어서, 이차 전지(110)는 상부 플레이트의 상부 및 하부 플레이트의 하부에 각각 1개씩 수용될 수 있다. 이 경우, 1개의 카트리지(120)에는 2개의 이차 전지(110)가 수용된다고 할 수 있다. 그리고, 이차 전지(110)로부터 생성된 열은, 인접한 냉각 플레이트(122)로 전달되어 냉각 플레이트(122) 사이의 유로로 흐르는 냉매를 통해 외부로 배출될 수 있다.In addition, the cartridge 120 may include a cooling plate 122 made of a thermally conductive material at a central portion thereof. For example, the cartridge 120 may include a cooling plate 122 made of aluminum at a central portion of the square ring defined by the main frame 121. At this time, the cooling plate 122 may be composed of two plates spaced apart by a predetermined distance in the vertical direction, that is, the upper plate and the lower plate. In addition, a flow path P is formed between the two cooling plates 122 such that a refrigerant such as air may move. In the configuration of the cartridge 120, one secondary battery 110 may be accommodated in the upper portion of the upper plate and the lower portion of the lower plate, respectively. In this case, it can be said that two secondary batteries 110 are accommodated in one cartridge 120. In addition, heat generated from the secondary battery 110 may be transferred to the adjacent cooling plate 122 and discharged to the outside through the refrigerant flowing in the flow path between the cooling plates 122.
또한, 상기 카트리지(120)는, 상호 적층 가능하게 구성될 수 있다. 특히, 상기 카트리지(120)는, 배터리 팩에 복수 개 포함될 수 있으며, 이 경우, 도 3에 도시된 바와 같이, 상하 방향으로 상호 적층될 수 있다. 이때, 상기 카트리지(120)는, 상호 적층되는 표면, 이를테면 메인 프레임(121)의 상부면과 하부면에 상호 대응되는 형태로 요철 구조가 형성될 수 있다. 이 경우, 카트리지(120)에 형성된 요철 구조로 인해, 카트리지(120) 간 체결성 및 고정력이 향상될 수 있고, 요철 구조가 가이드 역할을 하여 조립이 보다 용이해질 수 있다.In addition, the cartridge 120 may be configured to be stacked on each other. In particular, the cartridge 120 may be included in a plurality of battery packs. In this case, as illustrated in FIG. 3, the cartridges 120 may be stacked in a vertical direction. In this case, the cartridge 120 may have a concave-convex structure in a shape corresponding to a surface stacked on each other, for example, an upper surface and a lower surface of the main frame 121. In this case, due to the concave-convex structure formed on the cartridge 120, the fastening property and fixing force between the cartridges 120 may be improved, and the concave-convex structure may serve as a guide, thereby making assembly easier.
이처럼, 상기 카트리지(120)는, 적층을 통해 형성된 내부 공간에 파우치형 이차 전지(110)를 수용하여, 파우치형 이차 전지(110)의 외부 노출을 제한하여 외부의 물리적 또는 화학적 요소로부터 이차 전지(110)를 보호하고, 파우치형 이차 전지(110)의 상호 배열을 가이드하는 한편, 적층된 조립체의 유동을 방지할 수 있다.As such, the cartridge 120 accommodates the pouch-type secondary battery 110 in an internal space formed through stacking, thereby limiting external exposure of the pouch-type secondary battery 110 to prevent the secondary battery from being externally physical or chemical. While protecting the 110 and guiding the mutual arrangement of the pouch-type secondary battery 110, it is possible to prevent the flow of the stacked assembly.
또한, 상기 카트리지(120)는, 적어도 일측에 체결홀이 형성될 수 있다. 예를 들어, 상기 카트리지(120)는, 도 3에서 H1으로 표시된 바와 같이, 4개의 단위 프레임 중 적어도 하나, 또는 2개의 단위 프레임이 만나는 모서리 부분에 상하 방향으로 관통되는 형태로 체결홀을 구비할 수 있다.In addition, the cartridge 120, a fastening hole may be formed on at least one side. For example, the cartridge 120, as indicated by H1 in FIG. 3, at least one of the four unit frames, or to provide a fastening hole in the form of penetrating in the vertical direction in the corner portion where the two unit frames meet. Can be.
상기 로워 하우징(200)은, 내부에 빈 공간을 구비하여 셀 어셈블리(100)를 수납할 수 있다. 그리고, 상기 로워 하우징(200)은, 상부가 개방된 형태로 구성되어, 상부 개방부를 통해 셀 어셈블리(100)가 내부 공간에 인입되도록 할 수 있다. 즉, 상기 로워 하우징(200)은, 하부 및 측부가 막히고 상부가 개방된 형태로 내부 공간을 형성할 수 있다.The lower housing 200 may have an empty space therein to accommodate the cell assembly 100. In addition, the lower housing 200 may be configured to have an open top, such that the cell assembly 100 may be introduced into an internal space through the upper open part. That is, the lower housing 200 may form an inner space in a form in which a lower portion and a side portion are blocked and an upper portion is opened.
상기 로워 하우징(200)은, 플라스틱 재질로 이루어질 수 있다. 이러한 플라스틱 재질의 경우, 성형이 용이하고 무게가 가벼우며 전기적 절연성이 우수하여, 배터리 팩의 생산성 향상과, 경량화 및 절연성 확보에 보다 용이할 수 있다.The lower housing 200 may be made of a plastic material. In the case of the plastic material, it is easy to mold, light in weight, and excellent in electrical insulation, and thus it may be easier to improve productivity of the battery pack, and to secure weight and insulation.
상기 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)는, 도 2에 도시된 바와 같이, 판상, 즉 넓은 판 형태로 구성될 수 있다. 그리고, 상기 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)는, 강성을 확보할 수 있도록 금속 재질로 이루어질 수 있다. 예를 들어, 상기 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)는, 스틸 재질의 직사각형 플레이트로 구성될 수 있다.As shown in FIG. 2, the lower end plate 300 may have a plate shape, that is, a wide plate shape. The lower end plate 300 may be made of a metal material to ensure rigidity. For example, the lower end plate 300 may be formed of a rectangular plate made of steel.
특히, 본 발명에 따른 배터리 팩에 있어서, 상기 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)는, 로워 하우징(200)의 하부에 위치할 수 있다. 즉, 상기 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)는, 지면에 평행하게 눕혀진 형태로 로워 하우징(200)의 하부에 배치되어, 상부 표면이 로워 하우징(200)의 하부 표면에 직접 접촉하도록 구성될 수 있다.In particular, in the battery pack according to the present invention, the lower end plate 300 may be located under the lower housing 200. That is, the lower end plate 300 may be disposed below the lower housing 200 in a form lying down on the ground so that the upper surface may directly contact the lower surface of the lower housing 200.
상기 로워 커버(400)는, 판상으로 구성되며, 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)의 하부에 위치하여, 상기 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)를 커버할 수 있다. 예를 들어, 상기 로워 커버(400)는, 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)의 표면적보다 넓은 면적을 갖도록 구성되어 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)의 하면이 외부로 노출되지 않도록 할 수 있다. 또한, 상기 로워 커버(400)는, 로워 하우징(200)과 마찬가지로 플라스틱 재질로 구성될 수 있다.The lower cover 400 may be formed in a plate shape and positioned below the lower end plate 300 to cover the lower end plate 300. For example, the lower cover 400 may be configured to have an area larger than the surface area of the lower end plate 300 so that the lower surface of the lower end plate 300 is not exposed to the outside. In addition, the lower cover 400 may be made of a plastic material similar to the lower housing 200.
특히, 상기 로워 커버(400)는, 로워 하우징(200)과 결합될 수 있다. In particular, the lower cover 400 may be combined with the lower housing 200.
도 4는, 로워 커버(400)가 로워 하우징(200)과 결합된 구성을 개략적으로 나타내는 사시도이다. 또한, 도 5는 도 4의 A1-A1'선에 대한 단면도이고, 도 6은 도 4의 하면도이다.4 is a perspective view schematically illustrating a configuration in which the lower cover 400 is coupled to the lower housing 200. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A1-A1 'of FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 is a bottom view of FIG. 4.
도 4 내지 도 6을 참조하면, 상기 로워 커버(400)는, 적어도 일부분이 로워 하우징(200)과 결합됨으로써, 로워 하우징(200)에 고정될 수 있다. 이때, 로워 커버(400)와 로워 하우징(200) 사이에는, 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)가 개재된 형태로 구성될 수 있다. 즉, 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)는, 로워 커버(400)와 로워 하우징(200)의 결합 구성 사이에 존재할 수 있으며, 따라서, 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)는 대체로 외측에 노출되지 않을 수 있다. 이 경우, 본 발명에 따른 배터리 팩의 팩 케이스에는, 로워 하우징(200), 하부 엔드 플레이트(300) 및 로워 커버(400)가 포함된다고 할 수 있다.4 to 6, the lower cover 400 may be fixed to the lower housing 200 by combining at least a portion thereof with the lower housing 200. In this case, the lower end plate 300 may be interposed between the lower cover 400 and the lower housing 200. That is, the lower end plate 300 may exist between the coupling configuration of the lower cover 400 and the lower housing 200, and thus the lower end plate 300 may not be generally exposed to the outside. In this case, it can be said that the pack case of the battery pack according to the present invention includes a lower housing 200, a lower end plate 300, and a lower cover 400.
특히, 로워 커버(400)와 로워 하우징(200)은 플라스틱과 같은 폴리머 재질로 구성될 수 있고, 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)는 금속 재질로 구성될 수 있다. In particular, the lower cover 400 and the lower housing 200 may be made of a polymer material such as plastic, and the lower end plate 300 may be made of a metal material.
이 경우, 팩케이스는, 플라스틱 재질로 이루어진 본체 내부에 금속판이 매립된 형태로 구성되었다고 할 수도 있다. 본 발명의 이러한 구성에 의하면, 팩 케이스는 주로 폴리머 재질로 구성되도록 하여 전기적 절연성, 경량성 및 성형성 등이 확보되도록 하는 할 수 있다. 뿐만 아니라, 팩 케이스에 내장된 금속 재질의 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)로 인해 팩 케이스의 강성이 보강되도록 하여, 외부 충격 등에도 팩 케이스가 쉽게 파손되지 않도록 함으로써, 배터리 팩 내부의 다른 구성요소가 보호될 수 있도록 한다. 또한, 팩 케이스에 내장된 금속 재질의 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)로 인해, 팩 케이스의 실링성 등이 보강되도록 하여, 팩 케이스를 통해 수분이나 침상체 등 이물질이 침투하지 않도록 할 수 있다.In this case, the pack case may be said to have a form in which a metal plate is embedded in a body made of a plastic material. According to this configuration of the present invention, the pack case may be mainly composed of a polymer material to ensure electrical insulation, light weight and formability. In addition, the rigidity of the pack case is reinforced by the lower end plate 300 made of metal embedded in the pack case, so that the pack case is not easily damaged by an external impact, thereby protecting other components inside the battery pack. To be possible. In addition, due to the lower end plate 300 made of metal embedded in the pack case, the sealing property of the pack case may be reinforced, and foreign matters such as moisture or acicular bodies may not penetrate through the pack case.
바람직하게는, 상기 로워 커버(400)는, 상기 로워 하우징(200)과 레이저 용접에 의해 결합 고정될 수 있다. 예를 들어, 상기 로워 커버(400)는, 상기 로워 하우징(200)과 직접 접촉된 부분에 레이저가 조사됨으로써 상호 융착될 수 있다. 이 경우, 로워 커버(400)는 레이저 용접에 대한 투과재가 될 수 있고, 로워 하우징(200)은 레이저 용접에 대한 흡수재가 될 수 있다.Preferably, the lower cover 400 may be fixedly coupled to the lower housing 200 by laser welding. For example, the lower cover 400 may be fused to each other by irradiating a laser to a portion in direct contact with the lower housing 200. In this case, the lower cover 400 may be a transmission material for laser welding, and the lower housing 200 may be an absorption material for laser welding.
레이저 용접의 경우, 강도의 조절이 가능하고, 아주 작은 지점으로 초점하여 에너지를 전달함으로써 미세 크기의 용접이 가능하며, 피용접재인 로워 커버(400) 및 로워 하우징(200)의 열변형이나 재료 특성의 열화가 적다는 장점을 가질 수 있다. 본 발명에 따른 배터리 팩의 로워 커버(400)와 로워 하우징(200)의 결합을 위해서는, CO2 레이저 용접, YAG 레이저 용접 등 본 발명의 출원 시점에 공지된 다양한 레이저 용접 방식이 이용될 수 있다.In the case of laser welding, the strength can be controlled, and the welding of fine size is possible by transferring energy by focusing to a very small point, and the thermal deformation or material properties of the lower cover 400 and the lower housing 200 to be welded. May have an advantage of less deterioration. In order to combine the lower cover 400 and the lower housing 200 of the battery pack according to the present invention, various laser welding methods known at the time of filing the present invention, such as CO 2 laser welding and YAG laser welding, may be used.
특히, 상기 로워 커버(400)는, 로워 하우징(200)과 동일한 플라스틱 재질로 이루어질 수 있다. 본 발명의 이러한 구성에 의하면, 로워 하우징(200)과 로워 커버(400)의 레이저 용접 시, 용접성이 향상되어 로워 하우징(200)과 로워 커버(400)의 결합 고정력이 안정적으로 확보될 수 있다.In particular, the lower cover 400 may be made of the same plastic material as the lower housing 200. According to this configuration of the present invention, when the laser welding of the lower housing 200 and the lower cover 400, the weldability is improved, it is possible to ensure a stable coupling force of the lower housing 200 and the lower cover 400.
이처럼, 상기 로워 커버(400)는, 레이저 용접 등을 통해 로워 하우징(200)과 직접 접촉한 상태에서 결합 고정될 수 있다.As such, the lower cover 400 may be coupled and fixed in a state of directly contacting the lower housing 200 through laser welding or the like.
특히, 상기 로워 커버(400)는, 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)의 테두리를 따라 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)의 외측에서 상기 로워 하우징(200)과 결합 고정될 수 있다. 예를 들어, 상기 로워 커버(400)는, 도 5 및 도 6에서 L1으로 표시된 부분과 같이, 외주부에 레이저가 조사됨으로써 로워 하우징(200)과 용접 결합될 수 있다. 이 경우, 레이저로 용접된 부분의 형태는, 대략 직사각형 형태로 구성될 수 있다.In particular, the lower cover 400 may be fixedly coupled to the lower housing 200 at the outside of the lower end plate 300 along the edge of the lower end plate 300. For example, the lower cover 400 may be welded to the lower housing 200 by irradiating a laser beam to an outer circumferential portion, such as a portion indicated by L1 in FIGS. 5 and 6. In this case, the shape of the laser welded portion may be configured in a substantially rectangular shape.
로워 커버(400)와 로워 하우징(200) 사이에는 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)가 개재되어 있으므로, 로워 커버(400)가 로워 하우징(200)과 직접 결합하기 위해서는, 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)가 위치하지 않는 부분에서 로워 커버(400)와 로워 하우징(200)의 결합 구성이 위치하는 것이 좋다. 따라서, 상기 로워 커버(400)는, 도 5에서 L1으로 표시된 부분과 같이, 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)의 테두리 외측에서 로워 하우징(200)과 직접 접촉하여 용접되도록 구성될 수 있다. 이러한 구성이 보다 용이하게 달성되기 위해, 로워 커버(400)는, 수평면 면적이 로워 하우징(200)의 하면 면적과 유사하도록 구성되되, 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)보다는 넓게 구성되는 것이 좋다. 즉, 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)는, 로워 하우징(200)이나 로워 커버(400)보다는 수평 면적이 약간 작게 구성되는 것이 좋다. 그리고, 이러한 크기 차이를 이용하여, 로워 커버(400)는 외주부 부분에서 로워 하우징(200)과 결합될 수 있다.Since the lower end plate 300 is interposed between the lower cover 400 and the lower housing 200, in order for the lower cover 400 to be directly coupled to the lower housing 200, the lower end plate 300 is not located. It is preferable that the combination of the lower cover 400 and the lower housing 200 is located at a portion that is not. Accordingly, the lower cover 400 may be configured to be in direct contact with the lower housing 200 outside the edge of the lower end plate 300, as indicated by L1 in FIG. 5. In order to achieve this configuration more easily, the lower cover 400 is configured such that the horizontal surface area is similar to the lower surface area of the lower housing 200, but is configured to be wider than the lower end plate 300. That is, the lower end plate 300 may be configured to have a smaller horizontal area than the lower housing 200 or the lower cover 400. And, by using the size difference, the lower cover 400 may be coupled to the lower housing 200 in the outer peripheral portion.
또한, 상기 로워 커버(400)는, 외주부 이외의 부분에서도 로워 하우징(200)과 결합 고정될 수 있다. 예를 들어, 상기 로워 커버(400)는, 도 5 및 도 6에서 L2로 표시된 바와 같이, 중앙 부분에 레이저가 조사되어 로워 하우징(200)과 직접 용접될 수 있다. In addition, the lower cover 400 may be fixed to the lower housing 200 in a portion other than the outer circumferential portion. For example, the lower cover 400, as indicated by L2 in FIGS. 5 and 6, may be directly welded to the lower housing 200 by irradiating a laser to a central portion.
본 발명의 이러한 구성에 의하면, 로워 커버(400)가 중앙 부분에서 레이저 용접 등의 방식으로 로워 하우징(200)과 결합되기 때문에, 로워 커버(400)와 로워 하우징(200)의 결합력이 안정적으로 확보될 수 있다. 특히, 본 발명의 이러한 구성에 의하면, 로워 커버(400)가 중앙 부분에서 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)나 로워 하우징(200)으로부터 멀어져 들뜨는 현상을 방지할 수 있다.According to this configuration of the present invention, since the lower cover 400 is coupled to the lower housing 200 by laser welding or the like at the center portion, the coupling force between the lower cover 400 and the lower housing 200 is secured stably. Can be. In particular, according to this configuration of the present invention, it is possible to prevent the lower cover 400 is lifted away from the lower end plate 300 or the lower housing 200 in the center portion.
특히, 로워 커버(400) 및 로워 하우징(200)은 하부에서 바라본 형태가 직사각형 형태로 구성될 수 있는데, 이 경우 로워 커버(400)는, 로워 커버(400)의 장변에 평행한 방향으로 길게 연장된 막대 형태로 로워 하우징(200)과 용접될 수 있다. 그리고, 이러한 막대 형태의 용접 부분은, 로워 커버(400)의 단변 방향 및 장변 방향으로 각각 소정 거리 이격되게 둘 이상 배치될 수 있다.In particular, the lower cover 400 and the lower housing 200 may be configured in a rectangular shape as viewed from the bottom, in which case the lower cover 400 extends in a direction parallel to the long side of the lower cover 400. It can be welded to the lower housing 200 in the form of a bar. In addition, two or more welding parts having a rod shape may be disposed to be spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance in the short side direction and the long side direction of the lower cover 400.
본 발명의 이러한 구성에 의하면, 레이저 용접 공정이 용이하게 수행될 수 있도록 하는 한편, 레이저 용접에 의한 고정력이 안정적으로 유지되도록 할 수 있다.According to this configuration of the present invention, while the laser welding process can be easily performed, the fixing force by the laser welding can be maintained stably.
이와 같은 구성에서, 상기 로워 커버(400)는, 중앙 부분에서 로워 하우징(200)과 직접 접촉하여 결합되는데, 로워 커버(400)와 로워 하우징(200) 사이에는 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)가 개재될 수 있기 때문에, 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)는 이러한 결합 부분에 대응되는 위치에 개구부가 형성될 수 있다. 예를 들어, 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)는, 도 2 및 도 6에서 O로 표시된 바와 같이, 중앙 부분에 상하 방향으로 관통된 형태로 다수의 개구부가 형성될 수 있다. 그리고, 로워 커버(400)는, 이러한 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)의 개구부(O)를 통해 로워 하우징(200)과 직접 접촉하여 용접 등의 방식으로 결합될 수 있다.In this configuration, the lower cover 400 is coupled in direct contact with the lower housing 200 at the central portion, and the lower end plate 300 may be interposed between the lower cover 400 and the lower housing 200. As such, the lower end plate 300 may have an opening formed at a position corresponding to the coupling portion. For example, the lower end plate 300, as indicated by O in FIGS. 2 and 6, a plurality of openings may be formed in the center portion to penetrate in the vertical direction. The lower cover 400 may be directly contacted with the lower housing 200 through the opening O of the lower end plate 300 to be coupled by welding or the like.
한편, 상기 실시예에서는, 로워 커버(400)와 로워 하우징(200)이 레이저 용접 방식에 의해 결합되는 구성을 위주로 설명되었으나, 본 발명이 반드시 이러한 결합 방식으로 한정되는 것은 아니다. 즉, 상기 로워 커버(400)와 로워 하우징(200)은, 레이저 용접 방식 이외에 다른 다양한 방식으로 서로 결합 고정될 수 있다. 예를 들어, 상기 로워 커버(400)와 로워 하우징(200)은, 인서트 사출 방식으로 성형될 수 있다. 즉, 상기 로워 커버(400)와 로워 하우징(200)은 폴리머 재질로서, 금속 재질의 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)가 인서트된 상태에서 사출 성형됨으로써, 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)를 로워 커버(400)와 로워 하우징(200)이 감싸는 형태로 구성될 수 있다. 다른 예로, 상기 로워 커버(400)는 오버몰딩 방식으로 성형될 수 있다. 즉, 상기 로워 커버(400)는, 로워 하우징(200)의 하부에 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)가 장착된 상태에서, 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)의 하부에 몰딩됨으로써, 로워 하우징(200)과 로워 커버(400) 사이에 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)가 위치하도록 할 수 있다.On the other hand, in the above embodiment, the lower cover 400 and the lower housing 200 has been described mainly for the configuration that is coupled by the laser welding method, the present invention is not necessarily limited to this coupling method. That is, the lower cover 400 and the lower housing 200 may be fixedly coupled to each other in various ways other than the laser welding method. For example, the lower cover 400 and the lower housing 200 may be molded by an insert injection method. That is, the lower cover 400 and the lower housing 200 are made of a polymer material and are injection-molded in a state where the lower end plate 300 of the metal material is inserted, thereby lowering the lower end plate 300 from the lower cover 400. The lower housing 200 may be configured to wrap. As another example, the lower cover 400 may be molded in an overmolding manner. That is, the lower cover 400 is molded in the lower end of the lower end plate 300 in a state in which the lower end plate 300 is mounted to the lower portion of the lower housing 200, thereby, the lower housing 200 and the lower cover. The lower end plate 300 may be positioned between the 400.
또한 바람직하게는, 상기 로워 하우징(200) 및 상기 로워 커버(400)는, 상호 대응되는 형태로 요철부가 형성될 수 있다.Also preferably, the lower housing 200 and the lower cover 400 may have an uneven portion formed in a form corresponding to each other.
예를 들어, 로워 하우징(200)은, 도 5에서 L1으로 표시된 부분에 도시된 바와 같이, 상부 방향으로 오목한 형태의 오목부가 형성되고, 로워 커버(400)는 상부 방향으로 볼록한 형태로 볼록부가 형성될 수 있다. 이때, 상기 로워 커버(400)의 볼록부는, 로워 커버(400)의 외주부를 따라 링 형태로 형성될 수 있다. 또한, 로워 하우징(200)은, 도 5에서 L2로 표시된 부분에 도시된 바와 같이, 하부 방향으로 볼록한 형태의 볼록부가 형성되고, 로워 커버(400)는 하부 방향으로 오목한 형태의 오목부가 형성될 수 있다. 여기서, 이러한 볼록부와 오목부는 상호 대응되는 위치 및 형상으로 형성될 수 있다. 그리고, 각각의 볼록부는, 상기 로워 커버(400)가 로워 하우징(200) 및 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)의 하부에 위치할 때, 서로 대응되는 오목부에 삽입될 수 있다.For example, the lower housing 200, as shown in the portion indicated by L1 in Figure 5, the concave portion of the concave shape is formed in the upper direction, the lower cover 400 is formed convex portion in the convex shape in the upper direction. Can be. At this time, the convex portion of the lower cover 400 may be formed in a ring shape along the outer circumference of the lower cover 400. In addition, the lower housing 200, as shown in the portion indicated by L2 in Figure 5, the convex portion of the convex shape is formed in the lower direction, the lower cover 400 may be formed concave portion of the concave shape in the lower direction. have. Here, the convex portion and the concave portion may be formed in positions and shapes corresponding to each other. Each convex portion may be inserted into a recess corresponding to each other when the lower cover 400 is positioned below the lower housing 200 and the lower end plate 300.
본 발명의 이러한 구성에 의하면, 요철부를 통해 로워 하우징(200)에 대한 로워 커버(400)의 결합 위치가 용이하게 선정될 수 있으므로, 로워 하우징(200)과 로워 커버(400)의 조립성이 개선될 수 있다. 또한, 이러한 요철부는, 용접 등의 결합 단계에서 로워 하우징(200)과 로워 커버(400)의 수평 방향 움직임을 감소시켜, 로워 하우징(200)과 로워 커버(400)의 결합 공정성을 높이고, 결합이 잘 이루어지도록 하여 고정력이 안정적으로 확보되도록 할 수 있다.According to this configuration of the present invention, since the coupling position of the lower cover 400 to the lower housing 200 can be easily selected through the uneven portion, the assemblability of the lower housing 200 and the lower cover 400 is improved. Can be. In addition, the uneven portion reduces the horizontal movement of the lower housing 200 and the lower cover 400 in the bonding step, such as welding, thereby improving the coupling processability of the lower housing 200 and the lower cover 400, the coupling is It can be made well so that the fixing force can be secured stably.
또한, 이러한 요철부는 로워 하우징(200)과 하부 엔드 플레이트(300) 사이, 및/또는 로워 커버(400)와 하부 엔드 플레이트(300) 사이에도 존재할 수 있다. 예를 들어, 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)의 하면에는 하부 방향으로 돌출부가 형성되고, 로워 커버(400)의 상면에는 하부 방향으로 오목부가 형성되어, 각 돌출부가 오목부에 삽입되게 구성될 수 있다. 또한, 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)의 상면에는 상부 방향으로 돌출부가 형성되고, 로워 하우징(200)의 하면에는 이러한 돌출부에 대응되게 상부 방향으로 오목부가 형성될 수 있다.In addition, these uneven parts may be present between the lower housing 200 and the lower end plate 300 and / or between the lower cover 400 and the lower end plate 300. For example, a lower surface of the lower end plate 300 may have a protrusion formed in a lower direction, and an upper surface of the lower cover 400 may have a recess formed in a lower direction, and each protrusion may be inserted into the recess. In addition, a protrusion may be formed in an upper direction of the lower end plate 300, and a recess may be formed in an upper direction of the lower housing 200 to correspond to the protrusion.
이 경우, 로워 하우징(200) 또는 로워 커버(400)와 하부 엔드 플레이트(300) 사이의 조립이 보다 용이하게 수행될 수 있다.In this case, assembly between the lower housing 200 or the lower cover 400 and the lower end plate 300 may be performed more easily.
또한 바람직하게는, 상기 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)는, 상부 방향으로 돌출되게 형성된 볼트(310)를 하나 이상 구비할 수 있다. Also preferably, the lower end plate 300 may include one or more bolts 310 protruding upward.
예를 들어, 도 2에 도시된 바를 참조하면, 상기 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)는 다수의 장볼트(310)를 상부 방향으로 길게 연장되는 형태로 구비할 수 있으며, 이러한 장볼트(310)의 하단은 판상의 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)의 본체에 결합 고정될 수 있다. 이를테면, 장볼트(310)의 하단은 너트에 의해 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)의 본체에 결합 고정될 수 있다.For example, referring to FIG. 2, the lower end plate 300 may include a plurality of long bolts 310 extending in an upward direction, and the lower end of the long bolts 310. Silver may be fixed to the body of the lower end plate 300 of the plate shape. For example, the lower end of the long bolt 310 may be fixed to the body of the lower end plate 300 by a nut.
이러한 구성에 있어서, 상기 로워 하우징(200)은, 볼트(310)가 관통되도록 관통홀이 하나 이상 형성될 수 있다. In this configuration, the lower housing 200 may be formed with at least one through hole so that the bolt 310 penetrates.
예를 들어, 도 2에 도시된 바를 참조하면, 상기 로워 하우징(200)은 장볼트(310)에 대응되는 위치 및 형태로 관통홀이 다수 형성될 수 있다. 따라서, 로워 하우징(200)의 하부에 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)가 위치하는 경우, 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)의 장볼트(310)는 로워 하우징(200)의 관통홀(H2)을 관통하여 로워 하우징(200)의 내부 공간에 위치할 수 있다.For example, referring to FIG. 2, the lower housing 200 may have a plurality of through holes formed at positions and shapes corresponding to the long bolts 310. Therefore, when the lower end plate 300 is located below the lower housing 200, the long bolt 310 of the lower end plate 300 penetrates the through hole H2 of the lower housing 200 to lower the housing. It may be located in the interior space of the (200).
그리고, 이와 같이, 로워 하우징(200)의 내부 공간에 위치한 하부 엔드 플레이트의 볼트(310)는, 도 1에 도시된 바와 같이, 셀 어셈블리(100)의 일부분을 관통할 수 있다. 즉, 셀 어셈블리(100)는, 도 2에서 H1으로 표시된 바와 같이, 상하 방향으로 관통된 형태로 삽입홀이 하나 이상 형성될 수 있으며, 하부 엔드 플레이트의 볼트(310)는 셀 어셈블리(100)의 삽입홀(H1)에 삽입될 수 있다.As described above, the bolt 310 of the lower end plate positioned in the inner space of the lower housing 200 may pass through a portion of the cell assembly 100. That is, the cell assembly 100, as indicated by H1 in FIG. 2, may have one or more insertion holes formed in a vertically penetrated shape, and the bolt 310 of the lower end plate may be formed in the cell assembly 100. It may be inserted into the insertion hole (H1).
이때, 셀 어셈블리(100)의 삽입홀(H1)은, 각 카트리지(120)에 형성된 것일 수 있다. 예를 들어, 셀 어셈블리(100)가, 이차 전지(110)를 수용하는 상태로 상하 방향으로 적층된 다수의 카트리지(120)를 포함하는 경우, 각 카트리지(120)의 외주부에는, 도 3에 도시된 바와 같이, 상하 방향으로 관통된 형태의 삽입홀(H1)이 형성될 수 있다. 그리고, 각 카트리지(120)의 적층 시, 삽입홀(H1)은 상호 간 서로 연결되도록 구성될 수 있으며, 하부 엔드 플레이트의 볼트(310)는, 이와 같이 연통된 삽입홀(H1)에 삽입될 수 있다. In this case, the insertion hole H1 of the cell assembly 100 may be formed in each cartridge 120. For example, when the cell assembly 100 includes a plurality of cartridges 120 stacked in the vertical direction in a state of accommodating the secondary battery 110, the outer periphery of each cartridge 120 is illustrated in FIG. 3. As described above, an insertion hole H1 having a shape penetrated in the vertical direction may be formed. In addition, when the cartridges 120 are stacked, the insertion holes H1 may be configured to be connected to each other, and the bolt 310 of the lower end plate may be inserted into the communication holes H1 communicated with each other. have.
따라서, 본 발명의 이러한 구성에 의하면, 각각의 카트리지(120)가 로워 하우징(200)의 내부 공간에서 움직이는 것을 방지함으로써, 카트리지(120)의 내부 공간에 수용된 이차 전지(110)의 유동 역시 방지될 수 있다. 또한, 다수의 카트리지(120)를 로워 하우징(200)의 내부 공간에 적층시킬 때, 각 카트리지(120)의 삽입홀에 하부 엔드 플레이트의 볼트(310)가 삽입되도록 함으로써, 각 카트리지(120)의 적층이 가이드될 수 있다. Therefore, according to this configuration of the present invention, by preventing each cartridge 120 from moving in the inner space of the lower housing 200, the flow of the secondary battery 110 accommodated in the inner space of the cartridge 120 can also be prevented. Can be. In addition, when the plurality of cartridges 120 are stacked in the inner space of the lower housing 200, the bolt 310 of the lower end plate is inserted into the insertion hole of each cartridge 120, thereby, Lamination can be guided.
더욱이, 본 발명의 구성에 의하면, 볼트(310)가 장착된 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)가 로워 케이스의 하부에 위치하여 고정되고 볼트(310)는 로워 하우징(200)의 관통홀을 통해 로워 하우징(200)의 내부 공간에 인입되므로, 배터리 팩의 사용 중에 볼트(310)의 장착 위치가 변경될 염려가 없다. 따라서, 배터리 팩에 충격이나 진동이 가해지는 경우에도 볼트(310)의 위치 자체가 변경되어 셀 어셈블리(100)가 움직이는 것이 차단될 수 있다.Furthermore, according to the configuration of the present invention, the lower end plate 300 on which the bolt 310 is mounted is fixed to the lower part of the lower case and the bolt 310 is connected to the lower housing through the through hole of the lower housing 200. Since it is retracted into the internal space of the 200, there is no fear that the mounting position of the bolt 310 is changed during use of the battery pack. Therefore, even when shock or vibration is applied to the battery pack, the position itself of the bolt 310 may be changed to block the movement of the cell assembly 100.
또한, 본 발명의 구성에 의하면, 다수의 카트리지(120) 및 다수의 이차 전지(110)를 적층시킨 상태에서 셀 어셈블리(100)를 먼저 구성한 후 이를 로워 하우징(200)으로 수납 및 고정시키는 것이 아니라, 셀 어셈블리(100)의 구성과 로워 하우징(200)으로의 수납이 함께 이루어질 수 있다. 따라서, 본 발명의 이러한 측면에 의하면, 제조 시간이 단축되고 공정성이 개선될 수 있다.In addition, according to the configuration of the present invention, the cell assembly 100 is first configured in a state in which a plurality of cartridges 120 and a plurality of secondary batteries 110 are stacked, and then it is not stored and fixed in the lower housing 200. The configuration of the cell assembly 100 and the storage in the lower housing 200 may be performed together. Therefore, according to this aspect of the present invention, manufacturing time can be shortened and processability can be improved.
특히, 본 발명에 따른 배터리 팩에 있어서, 상기 셀 어셈블리(100)는 이차 전지(110) 및 카트리지(120)가 상하 방향으로 적층된 형태로 구성될 수 있는데, 셀 어셈블리(100)의 최하층에 위치하는 카트리지(120)는, 로워 하우징(200)의 내부 공간 하부면에 접촉하여 안착될 수 있다.In particular, in the battery pack according to the present invention, the cell assembly 100 may be configured in a form in which the secondary battery 110 and the cartridge 120 are stacked in the vertical direction, which is located at the lowest layer of the cell assembly 100. The cartridge 120 may be seated in contact with the lower surface of the inner space of the lower housing 200.
즉, 본 발명에 따른 배터리 팩의 경우, 셀 어셈블리(100)의 강성을 보강할 수 있는 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)가 팩 케이스에 자체적으로 내장되어 있다. 따라서, 셀 어셈블리(100)의 하부에는 금속 재질의 엔드 플레이트가 별도로 위치할 필요가 없다. 그러므로, 본 발명에 따른 배터리 팩에 있어서, 셀 어셈블리(100)의 하부에는 엔드 플레이트가 아닌 카트리지(120)가 위치할 수 있고, 이러한 카트리지(120)는 직접 로워 하우징(200)의 내부 공간 하부면에 접촉하여 안착될 수 있다.That is, in the case of the battery pack according to the present invention, the lower end plate 300 that can reinforce the rigidity of the cell assembly 100 is embedded in the pack case itself. Therefore, the end plate of the metal material does not need to be positioned separately under the cell assembly 100. Therefore, in the battery pack according to the present invention, the cartridge 120 may be located at the bottom of the cell assembly 100, not the end plate, and the cartridge 120 is directly at the lower surface of the inner space of the lower housing 200. Can be seated in contact with
따라서, 본 발명의 이러한 측면에 의하면, 셀 어셈블리(100)와 하부 엔드 플레이트(300) 사이에는 플라스틱 재질로 구성될 수 있는 로워 하우징(200)이 개재되므로, 셀 어셈블리(100)와 하부 엔드 플레이트(300) 사이의 전기적 절연성이 확보될 수 있다. 또한, 하나의 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)로 팩 케이스의 강성 보강과 셀 어셈블리(100)의 강성 보강이 함께 이루어질 수 있다.Therefore, according to this aspect of the present invention, since the lower housing 200 which may be made of a plastic material is interposed between the cell assembly 100 and the lower end plate 300, the cell assembly 100 and the lower end plate ( Electrical insulation between 300 may be secured. In addition, one lower end plate 300 may be provided with the rigid reinforcement of the pack case and the rigid reinforcement of the cell assembly 100.
도 7은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 배터리 팩의 구성을 개략적으로 나타내는 분리 사시도이고, 도 8은 도 7의 결합 사시도이다.7 is an exploded perspective view schematically illustrating a configuration of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is a combined perspective view of FIG. 7.
도 7을 참조하면, 본 발명에 따른 배터리 팩은, 상부 엔드 플레이트(600)를 더 포함할 수 있다.Referring to FIG. 7, the battery pack according to the present invention may further include an upper end plate 600.
상기 상부 엔드 플레이트(600)는, 판상의 금속 재질로 구성되어, 셀 어셈블리(100)의 상부에 구비될 수 있다. 그리고, 이러한 상부 엔드 플레이트(600)는, 셀 어셈블리(100)의 상부를 커버하여 셀 어셈블리(100)의 상부에서 셀 어셈블리(100)를 고정하고 강성을 보강하며 면압이 유지되도록 하는 한편, 외부 충격으로부터 셀 어셈블리(100)를 보호할 수 있다.The upper end plate 600 may be made of a plate-shaped metal material and may be provided on the cell assembly 100. In addition, the upper end plate 600 covers the upper part of the cell assembly 100 to fix the cell assembly 100 on the upper part of the cell assembly 100, to reinforce rigidity, and to maintain surface pressure, while external impact The cell assembly 100 can be protected from.
더욱이, 상기 상부 엔드 플레이트(600)는, 하부 엔드 플레이트의 볼트(310)에 의해 관통될 수 있다. 즉, 하부 엔드 플레이트의 볼트(310)는, 카트리지(120)의 체결홀(H1)과 함께 상부 엔드 플레이트(600)도 관통하도록 구성될 수 있다. In addition, the upper end plate 600 may be penetrated by the bolt 310 of the lower end plate. That is, the bolt 310 of the lower end plate may be configured to penetrate the upper end plate 600 together with the fastening hole H1 of the cartridge 120.
이 경우, 하부 엔드 플레이트의 볼트(310)로서, 상부 엔드 플레이트(600)까지 고정되는 효과를 얻을 수 있다. 그러므로, 본 발명의 이러한 구성에 의하면, 로워 하우징(200) 또는 셀 어셈블리(100)와 상부 엔드 플레이트(600)를 고정시키기 위한 별도의 체결 부품 및 공간을 줄이거나 없앨 수 있다. 그러므로, 제조 공정이 간소화되고, 제조 비용 및 시간이 감소하며, 배터리 팩 내부의 공간 활용도가 향상될 수 있다.In this case, as the bolt 310 of the lower end plate, the effect of fixing up to the upper end plate 600 can be obtained. Therefore, according to this configuration of the present invention, it is possible to reduce or eliminate separate fastening parts and space for fixing the lower housing 200 or the cell assembly 100 and the upper end plate 600. Therefore, the manufacturing process can be simplified, manufacturing cost and time can be reduced, and the space utilization inside the battery pack can be improved.
또한 바람직하게는, 본 발명에 따른 배터리 팩은, 도 7에 도시된 바와 같이, 전장 플레이트(700)를 더 포함할 수 있다.Also preferably, the battery pack according to the present invention may further include an electric plate 700, as shown in FIG. 7.
상기 전장 플레이트(700)는, 판상으로 구성되며, 표면에 BMS, 전류센서, 릴레이 및 퓨즈 중 적어도 하나의 전장품이 장착될 수 있고, 셀 어셈블리(100)의 이차 전지(110)와 전기적으로 연결될 수 있다.The electrical plate 700 is formed in a plate shape, and at least one electrical component of a BMS, a current sensor, a relay, and a fuse may be mounted on a surface thereof, and may be electrically connected to the secondary battery 110 of the cell assembly 100. have.
여기서, BMS(Battery Management System)는 배터리 팩의 충방전 동작을 전반적으로 제어하는 배터리 관리 장치를 의미하며, 이러한 BMS는 배터리 팩에 통상적으로 포함되는 구성요소이다. 또한, 전류센서는 배터리 팩의 충방전 전류를 센싱하는 구성요소이고, 릴레이는 배터리 팩의 충방전 전류가 흐르는 충방전 경로를 선택적으로 개폐하는 스위칭 부품이다. 또한, 퓨즈는, 배터리 팩의 충방전 경로 상에 구비되어, 배터리 팩의 이상 상황 발생 시 융단됨으로써 충방전 전류의 흐름을 차단하는 구성요소이다. 이러한 전류센서, 릴레이 및 퓨즈는 BMS와 정보를 주고 받을 수 있으며, BMS에 의해 제어될 수 있다.Here, the battery management system (BMS) refers to a battery management device that generally controls the charge / discharge operation of the battery pack, and such a BMS is a component that is typically included in the battery pack. In addition, the current sensor is a component for sensing the charge and discharge current of the battery pack, the relay is a switching component for selectively opening and closing the charge and discharge path through which the charge and discharge current of the battery pack flows. In addition, the fuse is a component that is provided on the charge / discharge path of the battery pack and is melted when an abnormal situation occurs in the battery pack to block the flow of charge / discharge current. These current sensors, relays and fuses can exchange information with the BMS and can be controlled by the BMS.
상기 전장 플레이트(700)는, 셀 어셈블리(100) 상부에 구비될 수 있다. 또한, 셀 어셈블리(100) 상부에 상부 엔드 플레이트(600)가 구비된 실시예의 경우, 상기 전장 플레이트(700)는 상부 엔드 플레이트(600)의 상부에 위치할 수 있다. 본 발명의 이러한 구성에 의하면, 전장품의 장착 및 조립, 교체 등이 용이해질 수 있다.The electrical plate 700 may be provided on the cell assembly 100. In addition, in an exemplary embodiment in which the upper end plate 600 is provided on the cell assembly 100, the electrical plate 700 may be positioned on the upper end plate 600. According to this configuration of the present invention, mounting, assembly, replacement, etc. of the electrical equipment can be facilitated.
또한, 상기 전장 플레이트(700)는, 하부 엔드 플레이트의 볼트(310)에 의해 관통될 수 있다. 즉, 하부 엔드 플레이트의 볼트(310)는, 카트리지(120)의 체결홀(H1), 상부 엔드 플레이트(600) 등과 함께 전장 플레이트(700)도 관통하도록 구성될 수 있다.In addition, the electric plate 700 may be penetrated by the bolt 310 of the lower end plate. That is, the bolt 310 of the lower end plate may be configured to penetrate the electric plate 700 together with the fastening hole H1 of the cartridge 120, the upper end plate 600, and the like.
본 발명의 이러한 구성에 의하면, 팩 케이스 내부에서 전장 플레이트(700)를 고정시키기 위한 별도의 체결 부품 및 공간을 줄이거나 없앨 수 있다. 그러므로, 이 경우, 제조 공정이 간소화되고, 제조 비용 및 시간이 감소하며, 배터리 팩 내부의 공간 활용도가 향상될 수 있다.According to this configuration of the present invention, it is possible to reduce or eliminate the separate fastening parts and space for fixing the electric plate 700 in the pack case. In this case, therefore, the manufacturing process can be simplified, manufacturing cost and time can be reduced, and the space utilization inside the battery pack can be improved.
또한, 본 발명에 따른 배터리 팩은, 셀 어셈블리(100) 내부로 공기 등의 냉매를 유출입시키기 위한 덕트(D)를 더 포함할 수 있다. 특히, 상기 덕트(D)는, 셀 어셈블리(100) 외부에서 내부로 냉매를 유입시키기 위한 유입 덕트와, 셀 어셈블리(100) 내부에서 외부로 냉매를 유출시키기 위한 유출 덕트를 구비할 수 있다. 그리고, 이러한 유입 덕트와 유출 덕트는, 냉매의 원활한 흐름을 위해 서로 반대 측면에 배치될 수 있다. In addition, the battery pack according to the present invention may further include a duct (D) for flowing in and out of the refrigerant, such as air into the cell assembly 100. In particular, the duct D may include an inlet duct for introducing refrigerant from the outside of the cell assembly 100 to the inside, and an outlet duct for flowing out the refrigerant from the inside of the cell assembly 100 to the outside. In addition, the inlet duct and the outlet duct may be disposed on opposite sides of each other for smooth flow of the refrigerant.
더욱이, 유입 덕트를 통해 유입된 냉매는, 이차 전지(110) 사이로 흐를 수 있다. 특히, 각각의 카트리지(120)는, 서로 소정 거리 이격된 2개의 냉각 플레이트(122)를 구비할 수 있으며, 이러한 냉각 플레이트(122)의 이격 공간 사이로 냉매가 유입될 수 있다. 그리고, 이러한 카트리지(120)의 냉각 플레이트(122)의 이격 공간 사이로 흐르는 냉매는, 유출 덕트를 통해 외부로 배출될 수 있다.In addition, the refrigerant introduced through the inlet duct may flow between the secondary batteries 110. In particular, each cartridge 120 may include two cooling plates 122 spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance, and refrigerant may be introduced into the spaced spaces of the cooling plates 122. In addition, the refrigerant flowing between the spaced spaces of the cooling plate 122 of the cartridge 120 may be discharged to the outside through the outlet duct.
또한 바람직하게는, 본 발명에 따른 배터리 팩은, 도 7 및 도 8에 도시된 바와 같이, 어퍼 하우징(500)을 더 포함할 수 있다.Also preferably, the battery pack according to the present invention may further include an upper housing 500, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8.
상기 어퍼 하우징(500)은, 로워 하우징(200)의 상부 개방단에 결합되어, 상부 개방단을 밀폐시킬 수 있다. 이러한 어퍼 하우징(500)은, 전기적 절연성을 확보하는 한편, 경량성 및 성형성 확보 등을 위해, 플라스틱 재질로 구성될 수 있다.The upper housing 500 may be coupled to the upper open end of the lower housing 200 to seal the upper open end. The upper housing 500 may be made of a plastic material in order to secure electrical insulation and secure lightweight and formability.
특히, 상기 어퍼 하우징(500)은, 하부 엔드 플레이트의 볼트(310)를 이용하여 로워 하우징(200)과 체결 고정될 수 있다. 즉, 상기 어퍼 하우징(500)은 하부 엔드 플레이트의 볼트(310)에 대응되는 위치에 결합홀(H5)이 형성될 수 있으며, 하부 엔드 플레이트의 볼트(310)는 이러한 결합홀(H5)을 관통하여 어퍼 하우징(500)의 상부로 돌출될 수 있다. 그리고, 이와 같이 돌출된 볼트(310)의 상단에는 너트(N)와 같은 체결 부재가 결합됨으로써, 어퍼 하우징(500)은 볼트(310)에 체결 고정될 수 있다. 이러한 볼트(310)는 로워 하우징(200)의 하부에 고정된 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)에 장착된 것이므로, 볼트(310)에 어퍼 하우징(500)이 체결 고정되면 로워 하우징(200)에 어퍼 하우징(500)이 체결 고정된다고 할 수 있다. In particular, the upper housing 500 may be fastened and fixed to the lower housing 200 using the bolt 310 of the lower end plate. That is, the upper housing 500 may have a coupling hole H5 formed at a position corresponding to the bolt 310 of the lower end plate, and the bolt 310 of the lower end plate penetrates the coupling hole H5. To protrude to the upper portion of the upper housing 500. The upper housing 500 may be fastened and fixed to the bolt 310 by coupling the fastening member such as the nut N to the upper end of the protruding bolt 310. Since the bolt 310 is mounted on the lower end plate 300 fixed to the lower portion of the lower housing 200, when the upper housing 500 is fastened and fixed to the bolt 310, the upper housing 200 is connected to the lower housing 200. 500 may be said to be fastened and fixed.
본 발명의 이러한 구성에 의하면, 로워 하우징(200)과 어퍼 하우징(500)을 결합 고정하기 위해 하부 엔드 플레이트의 볼트(310)를 이용하면 되므로, 로워 하우징(200)과 어퍼 하우징(500)을 체결하기 위한 체결 부재를 별도로 마련할 필요가 없다. 따라서, 본 발명의 이러한 측면에 의하면, 배터리 팩의 공정성 및 생산성이 개선되고 구조가 간단해질 수 있다. 더욱이, 본 발명의 경우, 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)는 로워 하우징(200)의 하부에 위치하고, 이러한 하부 엔드 플레이트의 볼트(310)에 어퍼 하우징(500)이 결합되는 것이므로, 로워 하우징(200)과 어퍼 하우징(500) 사이의 고정력이 더욱 향상될 수 있다.According to this configuration of the present invention, since the bolt 310 of the lower end plate is used to couple and fix the lower housing 200 and the upper housing 500, the lower housing 200 and the upper housing 500 are fastened. There is no need to provide a fastening member separately. Therefore, according to this aspect of the present invention, the processability and productivity of the battery pack can be improved and the structure can be simplified. Furthermore, in the present invention, since the lower end plate 300 is located below the lower housing 200, and the upper housing 500 is coupled to the bolt 310 of the lower end plate, the lower housing 200 and Fixing force between the upper housing 500 may be further improved.
한편, 상기 어퍼 하우징(500)과 로워 하우징(200) 사이에는 실링 부재가 포함될 수 있다. 예를 들어, 고무나 실리콘 등의 실링 부재가 어퍼 하우징(500)과 로워 하우징(200)이 접촉되는 테두리 부분을 따라 링 형태로 구비될 수 있다. 본 발명의 이러한 구성에 의하면, 실링 부재에 의해, 어퍼 하우징(500)과 로워 하우징(200) 사이의 밀폐성이 향상되어, 어퍼 하우징(500)과 로워 하우징(200)의 결합 부분 사이로 수분이나 먼지 등 이물질이 침투하는 것을 방지할 수 있다. 또한, 본 발명의 이러한 구성에 의하면, 이차 전지(110) 내부에서 가스가 발생한 경우, 발생된 가스가 원하는 경로를 통해 배출되도록 할 수 있으며, 예상치 못한 경로로 유출되어 사용자에 의해 흡입되는 것을 방지할 수 있다.Meanwhile, a sealing member may be included between the upper housing 500 and the lower housing 200. For example, a sealing member such as rubber or silicon may be provided in a ring shape along an edge portion where the upper housing 500 and the lower housing 200 contact each other. According to this configuration of the present invention, the sealing member improves the sealing property between the upper housing 500 and the lower housing 200, and water, dust, and the like are connected between the upper housing 500 and the lower housing 200. It can prevent foreign matter from penetrating. In addition, according to this configuration of the present invention, when the gas is generated in the secondary battery 110, the generated gas can be discharged through a desired path, and prevented from being sucked by the user is leaked by an unexpected path. Can be.
본 발명에 따른 배터리 팩은, 상기 구성 이외에도 다른 여러 구성요소를 더 포함할 수 있다. 예를 들어, 본 발명에 따른 배터리 팩은, 셀 어셈블리(100)의 충방전 전원을 전달하기 위한 버스바나 전기적 신호를 전달하기 위한 케이블, 외부의 충방전 장치와 연결되기 위한 전원 단자 등을 더 포함할 수 있다.The battery pack according to the present invention may further include other various components in addition to the above configuration. For example, the battery pack according to the present invention further includes a bus bar for transferring charge / discharge power of the cell assembly 100, a cable for transmitting electrical signals, a power supply terminal for connecting with an external charge / discharge device, and the like. can do.
본 발명에 따른 배터리 팩은, 전기 자동차나 하이브리드 자동차와 같은 자동차에 적용될 수 있다. 즉, 본 발명에 따른 자동차는, 본 발명에 따른 배터리 팩을 포함할 수 있다. 특히, 전기 자동차와 같이 배터리로부터 구동력을 얻는 자동차의 경우, 중대형 배터리 팩이 이용될 수 있으며, 이 경우, 배터리 팩의 강성 및 고정력 확보, 에너지 밀도 향상, 경량화 및 소형화 등은 매우 중요한 요소라 할 수 있다. 따라서, 이러한 자동차에 본 발명에 따른 배터리 팩이 적용되는 경우, 이러한 각종 요소가 개선될 수 있다.The battery pack according to the present invention can be applied to an automobile such as an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle. That is, the vehicle according to the present invention may include a battery pack according to the present invention. In particular, in the case of a vehicle that obtains driving power from a battery such as an electric vehicle, a medium-large battery pack may be used. In this case, securing rigidity and fixing force of the battery pack, improving energy density, weight reduction, and miniaturization may be very important factors. have. Therefore, when the battery pack according to the present invention is applied to such a vehicle, these various elements can be improved.
도 9는, 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 배터리 팩의 제조 방법을 개략적으로 나타내는 흐름도이다.9 is a flowchart schematically illustrating a method of manufacturing a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 9를 참조하면, 본 발명에 따른 배터리 팩 제조 방법은, 로워 하우징(200)의 하부에 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)를 배치시키는 단계(S110), 하부 엔드 플레이트(300) 하부에 로워 커버(400)를 위치시키는 단계(S120), 로워 커버(400)와 로워 하우징(200)을 결합 고정시키는 단계(S130) 및 로워 하우징(200) 내부 공간에서 이차 전지(110) 및 카트리지(120)를 적층시키는 단계(S140)를 포함한다.Referring to FIG. 9, in the battery pack manufacturing method according to the present invention, the lower end plate 300 is disposed below the lower housing 200 (S110), and the lower cover 400 is disposed below the lower end plate 300. ) Position (S120), the lower cover 400 and the step of fixing the lower housing 200 (S130) and the secondary battery 110 and the cartridge 120 in the inner space of the lower housing 200 laminated Step S140 is included.
상기 S110 단계에서는, 내부에 빈 공간을 구비하며 상부가 개방된 형태로 구성된 로워 하우징(200)의 하부에, 판상의 금속 재질로 구성된 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)가 면접촉한 형태로 배치될 수 있다.In the step S110, the lower end plate 300, which is formed of a plate-like metal material, may be disposed in a surface contact form at a lower portion of the lower housing 200 having an empty space therein and having an open upper portion.
상기 S120 단계에서는, 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)를 커버하도록 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)의 하부에 로워 커버(400)가 위치될 수 있다. 상기 S130 단계에서는, 로워 커버(400)와 로워 하우징(200)이 적어도 일측에서 서로 결합 고정될 수 있다. In the step S120, the lower cover 400 may be positioned below the lower end plate 300 to cover the lower end plate 300. In the step S130, the lower cover 400 and the lower housing 200 may be fixed to each other at least on one side.
상기 S140 단계에서는, 로워 하우징(200)의 내부 공간에서, 이차 전지(110)와 이러한 이차 전지(110)의 외주부를 외측에서 감싸는 형태로 이차 전지(110)를 수용하는 카트리지(120)가 적층될 수 있다.In the step S140, in the inner space of the lower housing 200, the secondary battery 110 and the cartridge 120 for accommodating the secondary battery 110 in a form of surrounding the outer circumferential portion of the secondary battery 110 are stacked. Can be.
바람직하게는, 상기 S130 단계는, 레이저 용접 방식에 의해 수행될 수 있다.Preferably, the step S130 may be performed by a laser welding method.
또한 바람직하게는, 하부 엔드 플레이트(300)는 상부 방향으로 돌출되게 형성된 볼트(310)를 하나 이상 구비하고, 로워 하우징(200)은 관통홀(H2)이 하나 이상 형성되어, 상기 S110 단계에서는, 로워 하우징(200)의 관통홀(H2)에 하부 엔드 플레이트의 볼트(310)가 관통될 수 있다.Also preferably, the lower end plate 300 includes one or more bolts 310 formed to protrude upward, and the lower housing 200 has one or more through-holes H2 formed therein. The bolt 310 of the lower end plate may pass through the through hole H2 of the lower housing 200.
또한 바람직하게는, 카트리지(120)에는 삽입홀(H1)이 하나 이상 형성되어, 상기 S140 단계에서는, 하부 엔드 플레이트의 볼트(310)가 카트리지(120)의 삽입홀(H1)에 삽입될 수 있다.Also preferably, at least one insertion hole H1 may be formed in the cartridge 120. In step S140, the bolt 310 of the lower end plate may be inserted into the insertion hole H1 of the cartridge 120. .
또한, 상기 S140 단계 이후에, 셀 어셈블리(100)의 상부에, 판상의 금속 재질로 구성된 상부 엔드 플레이트(600)를 안착시키는 단계를 더 포함할 수 있다. 이때, 하부 엔드 플레이트의 볼트(310)는, 상부 엔드 플레이트(600)를 관통하도록 구성될 수 있다.In addition, after the step S140, the cell assembly 100 may further include the step of mounting the upper end plate 600 made of a plate-shaped metal material on the top. In this case, the bolt 310 of the lower end plate may be configured to pass through the upper end plate 600.
또한, 상기 S140 단계 이후에, 셀 어셈블리(100)의 적층체 상부에, BMS, 전류센서, 릴레이 및 퓨즈 중 적어도 하나의 전장품이 장착된 전장 플레이트(700)를 안착시키는 단계를 더 포함할 수 있다. 이때, 하부 엔드 플레이트의 볼트(310)는, 전장 플레이트(700)를 관통하도록 구성될 수 있다. 또한, 배터리 팩에 상부 엔드 플레이트(600)가 구비된 경우, 전장 플레이트(700)는, 상부 엔드 플레이트(600)의 상단에 배치될 수 있다.In addition, after the step S140, the method may further include mounting the electric plate 700 on which the at least one electronic component of the BMS, the current sensor, the relay, and the fuse is mounted on the stack of the cell assembly 100. . In this case, the bolt 310 of the lower end plate may be configured to pass through the electric plate 700. In addition, when the upper end plate 600 is provided in the battery pack, the electrical plate 700 may be disposed on the upper end of the upper end plate 600.
또한, 상기 S140 단계 이후에, 하부 엔드 플레이트의 볼트(310)가 관통된 상태로 어퍼 하우징(500)을 로워 하우징(200)의 상부 개방단에 결합시키는 단계 및 어퍼 하우징(500)의 상부로 돌출된 하부 엔드 플레이트의 볼트(310)에 너트 등의 체결 부재를 결합시키는 단계를 더 포함할 수 있다.In addition, after the step S140, coupling the upper housing 500 to the upper open end of the lower housing 200 in a state where the bolt 310 of the lower end plate is penetrated and protrudes to the upper portion of the upper housing 500. The method may further include coupling a fastening member such as a nut to the bolt 310 of the lower end plate.
이상과 같이, 본 발명은 비록 한정된 실시예와 도면에 의해 설명되었으나, 본 발명은 이것에 의해 한정되지 않으며 본 발명이 속하는 기술분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자에 의해 본 발명의 기술사상과 아래에 기재될 특허청구범위의 균등범위 내에서 다양한 수정 및 변형이 가능함은 물론이다.As described above, although the present invention has been described by way of limited embodiments and drawings, the present invention is not limited thereto and is intended by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains. Of course, various modifications and variations are possible within the scope of equivalents of the claims to be described.
한편, 본 명세서에서 상, 하와 같은 방향을 나타내는 용어가 사용된 경우, 이러한 용어들은 상대적인 위치를 나타내는 것으로서 설명의 편의를 위한 것일 뿐, 대상이 되는 사물의 위치나 관측자의 위치 등에 따라 달라질 수 있음은 본 발명의 당업자에게 자명하다.Meanwhile, when terms indicating directions such as up and down are used in the present specification, these terms are for relative convenience as indicating relative positions, and may vary depending on the location of an object or the location of an observer. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Claims (16)

  1. 복수의 이차 전지, 및 상호 적층 가능하며 상기 이차 전지의 외주부를 외측에서 감싸 상기 이차 전지를 수용하는 복수의 카트리지를 구비하는 셀 어셈블리;A cell assembly including a plurality of secondary batteries and a plurality of cartridges which are stackable with each other and surround the outer circumference of the secondary battery from the outside;
    내부에 빈 공간을 구비하여 상기 셀 어셈블리를 내부 공간에 수납하고, 상부가 개방된 형태로 구성된 로워 하우징;A lower housing having an empty space therein to receive the cell assembly in the inner space and having an open top;
    판상의 금속 재질로 구성되며, 상기 로워 하우징의 하면에 면접촉한 형태로 배치된 하부 엔드 플레이트; 및A lower end plate formed of a plate-shaped metal material and disposed in surface contact with a lower surface of the lower housing; And
    상기 하부 엔드 플레이트의 하부에 위치하여 상기 하부 엔드 플레이트를 커버하며, 상기 로워 하우징과 결합 고정된 로워 커버A lower cover positioned under the lower end plate to cover the lower end plate and fixedly coupled with the lower housing;
    를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.Battery pack comprising a.
  2. 제1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1,
    상기 로워 커버는, 상기 로워 하우징과 레이저 용접에 의해 결합 고정된 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.And the lower cover is fixedly coupled to the lower housing by laser welding.
  3. 제2항에 있어서,The method of claim 2,
    상기 로워 커버는, 상기 로워 하우징과 동일한 플라스틱 재질로 구성된 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.The lower cover is a battery pack, characterized in that made of the same plastic material as the lower housing.
  4. 제1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1,
    상기 로워 커버는, 상기 하부 엔드 플레이트의 테두리를 따라 상기 테두리 외측에서 상기 로워 하우징과 결합 고정된 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.The lower cover is battery pack, characterized in that coupled to the lower housing outside the edge along the edge of the lower end plate.
  5. 제1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1,
    상기 하부 엔드 플레이트는 중앙 부분에 하나 이상의 개구부가 형성되고, The lower end plate is formed with one or more openings in the central portion,
    상기 로워 커버는 상기 개구부를 통해 상기 로워 하우징과 결합 고정된 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.And the lower cover is fixedly coupled to the lower housing through the opening.
  6. 제1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1,
    상기 로워 하우징과 상기 로워 커버는, 상호 대응되는 형태로 요철부가 형성된 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.The lower housing and the lower cover, the battery pack, characterized in that the uneven portion is formed in a form corresponding to each other.
  7. 제1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1,
    상기 하부 엔드 플레이트는 상부 방향으로 돌출되게 형성된 볼트를 하나 이상 구비하고,The lower end plate has one or more bolts formed to protrude upwards,
    상기 로워 하우징은 상기 볼트가 관통되도록 관통홀이 하나 이상 형성된 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.The lower housing is a battery pack, characterized in that at least one through-hole formed so that the bolt penetrates.
  8. 제7항에 있어서,The method of claim 7, wherein
    상기 셀 어셈블리는 삽입홀이 하나 이상 형성되고,The cell assembly has one or more insertion holes formed therein,
    상기 볼트는 상기 삽입홀에 삽입된 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.The bolt is characterized in that the battery pack is inserted into the insertion hole.
  9. 제1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1,
    상기 셀 어셈블리는, 상기 이차 전지 및 상기 카트리지가 상하 방향으로 적층된 형태로 구성되고, The cell assembly is configured such that the secondary battery and the cartridge are stacked in the vertical direction,
    상기 셀 어셈블리에서 최하층에 위치하는 카트리지는, 상기 로워 하우징의 내부 공간 하부면에 접촉하여 안착되는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.The cartridge located on the lowermost layer in the cell assembly, the battery pack, characterized in that seated in contact with the lower surface of the inner space of the lower housing.
  10. 제1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1,
    판상의 금속 재질로 구성되며, 상기 셀 어셈블리의 상부에 구비되어 상기 셀 어셈블리의 상부를 커버하는 상부 엔드 플레이트를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.The battery pack of claim 2, further comprising an upper end plate formed of a plate-shaped metal and covering the upper portion of the cell assembly.
  11. 제1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1,
    상기 로워 하우징의 상부 개방단에 결합되어, 상부 개방단을 밀폐시키는 어퍼 하우징을 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.And an upper housing coupled to the upper open end of the lower housing to seal the upper open end.
  12. 제1항 내지 제11항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 배터리 팩을 포함하는 자동차.12. An automobile comprising a battery pack according to any one of the preceding claims.
  13. 내부에 빈 공간을 구비하며 상부가 개방된 형태로 구성된 로워 하우징의 하부에, 판상의 금속 재질로 구성된 하부 엔드 플레이트를 면접촉한 형태로 배치시키는 단계;Disposing a lower end plate made of a plate-shaped metal material in a surface contact form at a lower portion of a lower housing having an empty space therein and having an open upper portion;
    상기 하부 엔드 플레이트를 커버하도록 상기 하부 엔드 플레이트의 하부에 로워 커버를 위치시키는 단계;Positioning a lower cover below the lower end plate to cover the lower end plate;
    상기 로워 커버와 상기 로워 하우징을 결합 고정시키는 단계; 및Coupling the lower cover and the lower housing to each other; And
    상기 로워 하우징의 내부 공간에서, 이차 전지와 상기 이차 전지의 외주부를 외측에서 감싸는 형태로 이차 전지를 수용하는 카트리지를 적층시키는 단계Stacking a cartridge for accommodating a secondary battery in an inner space of the lower housing to surround the secondary battery and an outer circumference of the secondary battery from the outside;
    를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩 제조 방법.Battery pack manufacturing method comprising a.
  14. 제13항에 있어서,The method of claim 13,
    상기 결합 고정 단계는, 레이저 용접 방식에 의해 수행되는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩 제조 방법.The coupling fixing step is a battery pack manufacturing method, characterized in that performed by laser welding.
  15. 제13항에 있어서,The method of claim 13,
    상기 하부 엔드 플레이트는 상부 방향으로 돌출되게 형성된 볼트를 하나 이상 구비하고, 상기 로워 하우징은 관통홀이 하나 이상 형성되어,The lower end plate has one or more bolts formed to protrude in an upward direction, and the lower housing has one or more through holes formed therein,
    상기 하부 엔드 플레이트의 배치 단계는, 상기 로워 하우징의 관통홀에 상기 하부 엔드 플레이트의 볼트가 관통되도록 수행되는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩 제조 방법.The disposing step of the lower end plate, characterized in that the battery pack manufacturing method characterized in that the through-hole bolt of the lower end plate is passed through.
  16. 제15항에 있어서,The method of claim 15,
    상기 카트리지에는 삽입홀이 하나 이상 형성되어, 상기 이차 전지와 상기 카트리지의 적층 단계는, 상기 하부 엔드 플레이트의 볼트가 상기 카트리지의 삽입홀에 삽입되도록 수행되는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩 제조 방법.At least one insertion hole is formed in the cartridge, and the stacking of the secondary battery and the cartridge is performed such that the bolt of the lower end plate is inserted into the insertion hole of the cartridge.
PCT/KR2016/004481 2015-04-30 2016-04-28 Battery pack and manufacturing method therefor WO2016175590A1 (en)

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