WO2016165581A1

WO2016165581A1 - Stepless variable transmission for differential speed-regulation planetary gears

Info

Publication number: WO2016165581A1
Application number: PCT/CN2016/078742
Authority: WO
Inventors: 张志康; 谢斌; 石祥鹏; 朱建
Original assignee: 南京康尼精密机械有限公司
Priority date: 2015-04-13
Filing date: 2016-04-07
Publication date: 2016-10-20
Also published as: CN104747668B; CN104747668A

Abstract

A stepless variable transmission for differential speed-regulation planetary gears. Two stages of planetary mechanisms are connected in series to form a differential gear train. A first-stage internal gear (14) is used as the input, and a first-stage sun gear (16) and a first-stage planetary carrier (15) are used as the output. The first-stage planetary carrier is connected to a second-stage sun gear (10), and the first-stage sun gear is connected to a second-stage planetary carrier (7). A second-stage internal gear (8) is used as the output. A rotating speed control mechanism is disposed between a first-stage planetary mechanism and a second-stage planetary mechanism. The input end of the rotating speed control mechanism is connected to a speed regulation motor, and the output end is connected to a connecting shaft between the first-stage sun gear and the second-stage planetary carrier. A speed changing mechanism is disposed between the input end and the output end of the rotating speed control mechanism. In order to realize the function of an automotive gearbox, a third-stage planetary mechanism is disposed; a third-stage sun gear (23) is connected to a second-stage internal gear; and a clutch (13) and a brake are integrally disposed on a third-stage planetary carrier (12). After the design is adopted, the stepless variable transmission has the advantages of being continuous in transmission of power, high in transmission efficiency of gears, small in volume, light in weight, convenient in control and wide in application scope.

Description

一种差动调速行星齿轮无级变速器Differential speed governing planetary gear continuously variable transmission

技术领域Technical field

本发明涉及变速箱领域，尤其是涉及一种差动调速行星齿轮无级变速器。The present invention relates to the field of gearboxes, and more particularly to a differential speed-regulating planetary gear continuously variable transmission.

背景技术Background technique

众所周知，汽车综合性能的评估，不仅取决于发动机，在很大程度上还依赖于变速器性能与发动机配合及动态调控的质量。目前汽车上使用的变速器可以分类为：手动变速器和自动变速器两大类。有：MT(手动变速器)和AT、AMT、DSG、CVT等(自动变速器)，以及混合动力车用ECVT等。除了CVT和ECVT以外，其余的变速器都是有级的，在变速过程中动力是断开的，存在与发动机配合及动态调控的质量问题，匹配不好时会产生冲击。由于电子技术的快速发展，汽车自动变速器也发展很快，已经是汽车变速器的发展方向。但是，液力传动效率低；其他自动变速器，结构复杂、制造成本高，维修困难，价格昂贵是不争的事实。而且汽车自动变速器的核心技术为国外垄断。It is well known that the evaluation of the overall performance of a car depends not only on the engine, but also on the quality of the transmission and the quality of the engine and the dynamic regulation. The transmissions currently used in automobiles can be classified into two categories: manual transmissions and automatic transmissions. There are: MT (manual transmission) and AT, AMT, DSG, CVT, etc. (automatic transmission), and ECVT for hybrid vehicles. Except for CVT and ECVT, the other transmissions are graded. The power is disconnected during the shifting process. There are quality problems associated with the engine and dynamic regulation. If the matching is not good, the impact will occur. Due to the rapid development of electronic technology, automotive automatic transmissions have also developed rapidly, which is already the development direction of automotive transmissions. However, the hydraulic transmission efficiency is low; other automatic transmissions are complicated in structure, high in manufacturing cost, difficult to maintain, and expensive. Moreover, the core technology of automotive automatic transmissions is a foreign monopoly.

汽车用无级变速器，是汽车问世以来人们一直追求的产品。其原因是可以和汽车动力***完美匹配，提高汽车的使用性能，具有节能、环保、变速平稳、操作简单等许多优点。现有的汽车无级变速器CVT，是由钢带(或链)、摩擦轮和液压***组合的，由于是摩擦传动，传动功率小，应用受限制，目前在小排量汽车上使用比较多。因此，研究一种可以突破摩擦机构的性能限制和也能在功率较大的汽车上应用的无级变速器显得尤为重要。The continuously variable transmission for automobiles is a product that people have been pursuing since the advent of the automobile. The reason is that it can be perfectly matched with the vehicle power system, improve the performance of the car, and has many advantages such as energy saving, environmental protection, stable shifting, and simple operation. The existing automotive CVT is a combination of a steel belt (or chain), a friction wheel and a hydraulic system. Due to the friction transmission, the transmission power is small and the application is limited. Currently, it is used in small displacement vehicles. Therefore, it is particularly important to study a continuously variable transmission that can break through the performance limitations of friction mechanisms and can also be used in high-powered vehicles.

发明内容Summary of the invention

本发明要解决的技术问题是设计一种动力连续传递、齿轮传动比高、传递动力能力强、应用范围广的无级变速器。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to design a continuously variable transmission with continuous power transmission, high gear ratio, strong transmission power capability and wide application range.

为解决上述技术问题，本发明的差动调速行星齿轮无级变速器由两级行星机构串联组成差动轮系，第一级行星机构包括第一级内齿轮、第一级太阳轮、第一级行星轮和第一级行星架，第一级内齿轮与输入轴连接为输入，第一级太阳轮和第一级行星架为输出；第二级行星机构包括第二级太阳轮、第二级行星轮、第二级行星架和第二级内齿轮；第一级行星架和第二级太阳轮连接，第一级太阳轮和第二级行星架连接；第二级内齿轮与输出轴连接为输出。In order to solve the above technical problem, the differential speed-adjusting planetary gear continuously variable transmission of the present invention comprises a two-stage planetary mechanism in series to form a differential gear train. The first-stage planetary mechanism includes a first-stage internal gear, a first-stage sun gear, and a first Planetary wheel and first Stage carrier, the first stage internal gear is connected to the input shaft as an input, the first stage sun gear and the first stage planet carrier are outputs; the second stage planetary mechanism includes a second stage sun gear, a second stage planetary wheel, and a second stage The stage carrier and the second stage internal gear; the first stage carrier and the second stage sun wheel are connected, the first stage sun gear is connected to the second stage planet carrier; the second stage inner gear is connected to the output shaft as an output.

进一步的，第一级行星机构和第二级行星机构间设有转速控制机构，转速控制机构包括输入端和输出端，输入端连接调速电机，输出端连接在第一级太阳轮和第二级行星架的连接轴上，转速控制机构的输入端和输出端之间设有变速机构，通过变速机构使调速电机转速在合适范围内；通过与输入端连接的调速电机来控制转速控制机构无级变速；通过可锁止机构锁止第一级太阳轮和第二级行星架连接轴的转速，阻隔循环功率流并调速，从而实现无级变速以及最大扭矩输出和最高转速输出的变化和功率平衡。Further, a rotational speed control mechanism is provided between the first stage planetary mechanism and the second stage planetary mechanism, and the rotational speed control mechanism includes an input end and an output end, the input end is connected to the speed regulating motor, and the output end is connected to the first stage sun gear and the second end. On the connecting shaft of the planetary carrier, a shifting mechanism is arranged between the input end and the output end of the speed control mechanism, and the speed of the speed regulating motor is within a suitable range through the shifting mechanism; the speed control is controlled by a speed regulating motor connected to the input end. The mechanism has stepless speed change; the speed of the first stage sun gear and the second stage planet carrier connecting shaft is locked by a lockable mechanism, the circulating power flow is blocked and the speed is adjusted, thereby realizing the stepless speed change and the maximum torque output and the maximum speed output. Change and power balance.

进一步的，转速控制机构通过行星机构和蜗轮付机构，或齿轮机构和可锁止机构，或链轮机构和可锁止机构，或齿轮带机构和可锁止机构连接其输入端和输出端。Further, the rotation speed control mechanism connects the input end and the output end through a planetary mechanism and a worm gear mechanism, or a gear mechanism and a lockable mechanism, or a sprocket mechanism and a lockable mechanism, or a gear belt mechanism and a lockable mechanism.

转速控制机构的结构为：转速控制机构包括转速控制机构第一级行星机构、转速控制机构第二级行星机构和蜗轮付机构，蜗轮付机构包括蜗杆、蜗轮和蜗杆轴承座；转速控制机构第一级行星机构包括转速控制机构第一级太阳轮、转速控制机构第一级行星轮、转速控制机构第一级行星架和固定内齿圈，转速控制机构第一级太阳轮连接在第一级太阳轮和第二级行星架的连接轴上，转速控制机构第一级行星轮与固定内齿圈啮合；转速控制机构第二级行星机构包括转速控制机构第二级太阳轮、转速控制机构第二级行星轮、转速控制机构第二级行星架和固定内齿圈，转速控制机构第二级太阳轮连接在第一级太阳轮和第二级行星架的连接轴上，转速控制机构第二级行星轮与固定内齿圈啮合；转速控制机构第一级行星架与转速控制机构第二级太阳轮连接，蜗轮与转速控制机构第二级行星架连接为一体，套装在第一级太阳轮和第二级行星架的连接轴上。The structure of the speed control mechanism is: the speed control mechanism includes a first stage planetary mechanism of the speed control mechanism, a second stage planetary mechanism of the rotational speed control mechanism, and a worm gear mechanism, and the worm gear mechanism includes a worm, a worm wheel and a worm bearing seat; The planetary mechanism includes a first-stage sun gear of a rotational speed control mechanism, a first-stage planetary gear of a rotational speed control mechanism, a first-stage planetary carrier of a rotational speed control mechanism, and a fixed inner ring gear, and the first-stage sun gear of the rotational speed control mechanism is connected to the first-stage sun. On the connecting shaft of the wheel and the second-stage planet carrier, the first-stage planetary gear of the rotational speed control mechanism meshes with the fixed internal ring gear; the second-stage planetary mechanism of the rotational speed control mechanism includes the second-stage sun gear of the rotational speed control mechanism and the second rotational speed control mechanism Stage planetary gear, speed control mechanism second stage carrier and fixed ring gear, speed control mechanism second stage sun gear is connected on the connecting shaft of the first stage sun gear and the second stage planet carrier, the second stage of the speed control mechanism The planetary gear meshes with the fixed inner ring gear; the first-stage planetary carrier of the rotational speed control mechanism is connected with the second-stage sun gear of the rotational speed control mechanism, and the worm gear and Speed control means of the second stage planet carrier is integrally connected, the connecting shaft set in a first stage sun gear and a second stage planet carrier.

进一步的，固定内齿圈和蜗杆轴承座固定在变速器的壳体，蜗杆上连有调速电机。 Further, the fixed ring gear and the worm bearing housing are fixed to the casing of the transmission, and the speed regulating motor is connected to the worm.

进一步的，转速控制机构第一级行星轮和转速控制机构第二级行星轮啮合同一固定内齿圈。Further, the first stage planetary gear of the rotational speed control mechanism and the second stage planetary gear of the rotational speed control mechanism mesh with the same fixed inner ring gear.

进一步的，转速控制机构第一级行星机构和第一级行星机构可以共用同一太阳轮，即转速控制机构第一级行星轮与第一级太阳轮啮合。Further, the first stage planetary mechanism of the rotational speed control mechanism and the first stage planetary mechanism may share the same sun gear, that is, the first stage planetary gear of the rotational speed control mechanism meshes with the first stage sun gear.

进一步的，转速控制机构第一级行星架与转速控制机构第二级太阳轮的连接方式为键连接、销连接、螺纹连接、膨胀套或花键连接。Further, the first stage carrier of the speed control mechanism and the second stage sun wheel of the speed control mechanism are connected by a key connection, a pin connection, a screw connection, an expansion sleeve or a spline connection.

转速控制机构的结构还可以是：转速控制机构包括蜗轮付机构和行星机构，蜗轮付机构包括蜗杆、蜗轮和蜗杆轴承座，行星机构包括转速控制机构太阳轮、大行星轮、小行星轮、连接轴、行星架和固定内齿圈或固定外齿轮，大行星轮和小行星轮由连接轴连接，安装在行星架上；大行星轮与转速控制机构太阳轮啮合；小行星轮与固定内齿圈或固定外齿轮啮合，转速控制机构太阳轮连接在第一级太阳轮和第二级行星架的连接轴上，蜗轮与行星机构的行星架连接为一体，套装在第一级太阳轮和第二级行星架的连接轴上。The structure of the speed control mechanism may also be: the speed control mechanism includes a worm gear mechanism and a planetary mechanism, the worm wheel mechanism includes a worm, a worm wheel and a worm bearing seat, and the planetary mechanism includes a speed control mechanism sun wheel, a large planet wheel, a small planet wheel, and a connection. The shaft, the planet carrier and the fixed ring gear or the fixed external gear, the large planet wheel and the small planet wheel are connected by the connecting shaft and mounted on the planet carrier; the large planet wheel meshes with the sun gear of the speed control mechanism; the small planet wheel and the fixed internal tooth The ring or fixed external gear meshes, the speed control mechanism sun gear is connected to the connecting shaft of the first stage sun gear and the second stage planet carrier, and the worm wheel is connected with the planetary frame of the planetary mechanism, and is assembled in the first stage sun wheel and the first stage The connecting shaft of the secondary planet carrier.

进一步的，固定内齿圈或固定外齿轮和蜗杆轴承座固定在变速器的壳体，蜗杆上连有调速电机。Further, the fixed ring gear or the fixed external gear and the worm bearing housing are fixed to the casing of the transmission, and the speed regulating motor is connected to the worm.

进一步的，转速控制机构的行星机构和第一级行星机构可以共用同一太阳轮，即行星机构的大行星轮与第一级太阳轮啮合。Further, the planetary mechanism of the rotational speed control mechanism and the first-stage planetary mechanism may share the same sun gear, that is, the large planetary gear of the planetary mechanism meshes with the first-stage sun gear.

转速控制机构的结构还可以是：转速控制机构包括齿轮机构和可锁止机构，转速控制机构的输入端和输出端通过齿轮传动实现变速，转速控制机构的输出端齿轮连接在第一级太阳轮和第二级行星架的连接轴上，转速控制机构的输入端齿轮的齿轮轴与调速电机连接；转速控制机构通过可锁止机构实现对第一级太阳轮和第二级行星架连接轴的可锁止和调速。The structure of the speed control mechanism may further be: the speed control mechanism comprises a gear mechanism and a lockable mechanism, wherein the input end and the output end of the speed control mechanism are geared by a gear transmission, and the output end of the speed control mechanism is geared to the first stage sun gear And the connecting shaft of the second-stage planet carrier, the gear shaft of the input end gear of the rotational speed control mechanism is connected with the speed regulating motor; the rotational speed control mechanism realizes the connecting shaft of the first-stage sun gear and the second-stage planetary carrier through the lockable mechanism Lockable and adjustable.

转速控制机构的结构还可以是：转速控制机构包括大齿轮、小齿轮、齿轮带和可锁止机构，大齿轮的齿轮轴与调速电机连接，小齿轮连接在第一级太阳轮和第二级行星架的连接轴上，大齿轮和小齿轮通过齿轮带连接；转速控制机构通过可锁止机构实现对第一级太阳轮和第二级行星架连接轴的可锁止和调速。The structure of the speed control mechanism may also be: the speed control mechanism comprises a large gear, a pinion gear, a gear belt and a lockable mechanism, the gear shaft of the large gear is connected with the speed control motor, the pinion gear is connected to the first stage sun wheel and the second gear Planetary On the connecting shaft, the large gear and the pinion are connected by the gear belt; the speed control mechanism realizes the lockable and adjustable speed of the connecting shaft of the first stage sun gear and the second stage planet carrier through the lockable mechanism.

转速控制机构的结构还可以是：转速控制机构包括大链轮、小链轮、链和可锁止机构，大链轮的链轮轴与调速电机连接，小链轮连接在第一级太阳轮和第二级行星架的连接轴上，大链轮和小链轮通过链连接；转速控制机构通过可锁止机构实现对第一级太阳轮和第二级行星架连接轴的可锁止和调速。The structure of the speed control mechanism may also be: the speed control mechanism comprises a large sprocket, a small sprocket, a chain and a lockable mechanism, the sprocket shaft of the large sprocket is connected with the speed control motor, and the small sprocket is connected to the first stage sun gear. On the connecting shaft of the second-stage planet carrier, the large sprocket and the small sprocket are connected by a chain; the speed control mechanism realizes the lockable connection of the first-stage sun gear and the second-stage carrier connecting shaft through the lockable mechanism Speed regulation.

转速控制机构的结构还可以是：转速控制机构包括锥齿轮机构和可锁止机构，转速控制机构的输入端和输出端通过锥齿轮传动实现变速，转速控制机构的输出端锥齿轮连接在第一级太阳轮和第二级行星架的连接轴上，转速控制机构的输入端锥齿轮的齿轮轴与调速电机连接；转速控制机构通过可锁止机构实现对第一级太阳轮和第二级行星架连接轴的可锁止和调速。The structure of the speed control mechanism may also be: the speed control mechanism comprises a bevel gear mechanism and a lockable mechanism, the input end and the output end of the speed control mechanism are realized by a bevel gear transmission, and the output end bevel gear of the speed control mechanism is connected at the first On the connecting shaft of the stage sun gear and the second stage planet carrier, the gear shaft of the input end bevel gear of the speed control mechanism is connected with the speed regulating motor; the speed control mechanism realizes the first stage sun wheel and the second stage by the lockable mechanism The planet carrier can be locked and adjusted.

进一步的，第一级行星架和第二级太阳轮的连接方式为键连接、销连接、螺纹连接、膨胀套或花键连接。Further, the first stage carrier and the second stage sun wheel are connected by a key connection, a pin connection, a screw connection, an expansion sleeve or a spline connection.

进一步的，第一级太阳轮与第二级行星架的连接方式为键连接、销连接、螺纹连接、膨胀套或花键连接。Further, the first stage sun gear is connected to the second stage planet carrier by a key connection, a pin connection, a screw connection, an expansion sleeve or a spline connection.

进一步的，第一级内齿轮包括输入轴和内齿圈，第二级内齿轮包括输出轴和内齿圈，输入轴和内齿圈、输出轴和内齿圈为一体式连接或分体式连接。Further, the first stage internal gear includes an input shaft and an internal ring gear, the second stage internal gear includes an output shaft and an internal ring gear, and the input shaft and the ring gear, the output shaft and the ring gear are integrally connected or separated .

进一步的，输入轴和内齿圈、输出轴和内齿圈的分体式连接方式为花键连接、键连接、螺栓连接、膨胀套或销连接。Further, the split connection of the input shaft and the ring gear, the output shaft and the ring gear is a spline connection, a key connection, a bolt connection, an expansion sleeve or a pin connection.

更进一步的，本发明的差动调速行星齿轮无级变速器还设有第三级行星机构、离合器和可锁止机构，第三级行星机构包括第三级太阳轮、第三级行星轮、第三级行星架和第三级内齿轮，第三级太阳轮与第二级内齿轮连接。Further, the differential speed-adjusting planetary gear continuously variable transmission of the present invention further comprises a third-stage planetary mechanism, a clutch and a lockable mechanism, and the third-stage planetary mechanism includes a third-stage sun gear, a third-stage planetary gear, The third stage planet carrier and the third stage inner gear are connected to the second stage inner gear.

进一步的，第三级行星架一体设计有离合器和可锁止机构，实现变速器的前进档、空档和倒档功能。Further, the third-stage planetary carrier is integrally designed with a clutch and a lockable mechanism to realize the forward speed of the transmission, Neutral and reverse functions.

进一步的，第三级内齿轮包括输出轴和内齿圈，输出轴和内齿圈为一体式连接或分体式连接。Further, the third stage internal gear includes an output shaft and an inner ring gear, and the output shaft and the inner ring gear are integrally connected or separated.

进一步的，输出轴和内齿圈的分体式连接方式为花键连接、键连接、螺栓连接、膨胀套或销连接。Further, the split connection of the output shaft and the ring gear is a spline connection, a key connection, a bolt connection, an expansion sleeve or a pin connection.

本发明的有益效果：采用这样的设计后，变速过程是连续的无级变速，动力传递不会中断；齿轮传动效率比较高，克服了摩擦传动的限制，传递动力的能力比较强；结构紧凑，体积小、质量轻；自动化伺服控制方便；应用范围广，能满足各种变速传动的要求；市场前景广阔。The beneficial effects of the invention: after adopting such a design, the shifting process is continuous stepless speed change, the power transmission is not interrupted; the gear transmission efficiency is relatively high, the friction transmission limitation is overcome, the power transmission capability is relatively strong, and the structure is compact. Small size, light weight; convenient automatic servo control; wide application range, can meet the requirements of various variable speed transmission; the market prospect is broad.

附图说明DRAWINGS

下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式做进一步阐明。The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further clarified below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

图1(a)是实施例1中的差动调速行星齿轮无级变速器的原理示意图；1(a) is a schematic view showing the principle of a differential speed-adjusting planetary gear continuously variable transmission in Embodiment 1;

图1(b)是实施例1中转速控制机构第一级行星机构与第一级行星机构共用太阳轮的差动调速行星齿轮无级变速器的原理示意图；1(b) is a schematic diagram showing the principle of a differential speed-adjusting planetary gear continuously variable transmission in which the first-stage planetary mechanism of the rotational speed control mechanism and the first-stage planetary mechanism share the sun gear in the first embodiment;

图2(a)是实施例2中的差动调速行星齿轮无级变速器的原理示意图；2(a) is a schematic view showing the principle of the differential speed planetary gear continuously variable transmission in the second embodiment;

图2(b)是实施例2中转速控制机构的行星机构与第一级行星机构共用太阳轮的差动调速行星齿轮无级变速器的原理示意图；2(b) is a schematic diagram showing the principle of a differential speed-adjusting planetary gear continuously variable transmission in which the planetary mechanism of the rotational speed control mechanism and the first-stage planetary mechanism share the sun gear in the second embodiment;

图2(c)是实施例2中转速控制机构的行星机构中固定外齿轮替代固定内齿圈的差动调速行星齿轮无级变速器的原理示意图；2(c) is a schematic view showing the principle of a differential speed-adjusting planetary gear continuously variable transmission in which a fixed external gear replaces a fixed ring gear in a planetary mechanism of the rotational speed control mechanism in Embodiment 2;

图3是实施例3中的差动调速行星齿轮无级变速器的原理示意图；3 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of a differential speed-adjusting planetary gear continuously variable transmission in Embodiment 3;

图4是实施例4中的差动调速行星齿轮无级变速器的原理示意图；4 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of a differential speed-adjusting planetary gear continuously variable transmission in Embodiment 4;

图5是实施例5中的差动调速行星齿轮无级变速器的原理示意图；5 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of a differential speed-adjusting planetary gear continuously variable transmission in Embodiment 5;

图6(a)是实施例6中的加有第三级行星机构及离合器和锁止机构的差动调速行星齿轮无级变速器的原理示意图；Figure 6 (a) is the differential governing planetary gear with the third-stage planetary mechanism and the clutch and the locking mechanism in the sixth embodiment. Schematic diagram of the stage transmission;

图6(b)是实施例6中的加有第三级行星机构及离合器和锁止机构的差动调速行星齿轮无级变速器的结构示意图；Figure 6 (b) is a schematic structural view of the differential speed-adjusting planetary gear continuously variable transmission with the third-stage planetary mechanism, the clutch and the locking mechanism in the sixth embodiment;

图7是本发明的差动调速行星齿轮无级变速器的功率匹配示意图；7 is a schematic diagram of power matching of the differential speed planetary gear continuously variable transmission of the present invention;

图8(a)是本发明的差动调速行星齿轮无级变速器在转速控制机构不工作时前两级行星机构各部件旋转方向示意图；Figure 8 (a) is a schematic view showing the rotation direction of the components of the first two stages of the planetary mechanism of the differential speed planetary gear continuously variable transmission of the present invention when the rotation speed control mechanism is not in operation;

图8(b)是本发明的差动调速行星齿轮无级变速器在转速控制机构工作时前两级行星机构各部件旋转方向示意图；Figure 8 (b) is a schematic view showing the rotation direction of the components of the first two stages of the planetary mechanism of the differential speed planetary gear continuously variable transmission of the present invention when the speed control mechanism is operated;

图9(a)是实施例6中的加有第三级行星机构及离合器和锁止机构的差动调速行星齿轮无级变速器空档时第三级行星机构各部件旋转方向示意图；9(a) is a schematic view showing the rotation directions of the components of the third-stage planetary mechanism when the differential speed planetary gear continuously variable transmission with the third-stage planetary mechanism, the clutch and the lock mechanism is added in the sixth embodiment;

图9(b)是实施例6中的加有第三级行星机构及离合器和锁止机构的差动调速行星齿轮无级变速器倒档时第三级行星机构各部件旋转方向示意图；9(b) is a schematic view showing the rotation directions of the components of the third-stage planetary mechanism when the differential speed planetary gear continuously variable transmission with the third-stage planetary mechanism, the clutch and the locking mechanism is reversed in the sixth embodiment;

图9(c)是实施例6中的加有第三级行星机构及离合器和锁止机构的差动调速行星齿轮无级变速器前进档时第三级行星机构各部件旋转方向示意图。Figure 9 (c) is a schematic view showing the rotation directions of the components of the third-stage planetary mechanism when the differential speed planetary gear continuously variable transmission with the third-stage planetary mechanism and the clutch and the lock mechanism is added in the sixth embodiment.

1、壳体 2、第一轴承组 3、小轴 4、第二轴承组 5、蜗杆 6、蜗轮 7、第二级行星架 8、第二级内齿轮 9、第二级行星轮 10、第二级太阳轮 11、可锁止机构 12、第三级行星架 13、离合器 14、第一级内齿轮 15、第一级行星架 16、第一级太阳轮1. Housing 2. First bearing set 3. Small shaft 4. Second bearing set 5. Worm 6. Worm gear 7. Second-stage planet carrier 8. Second-stage internal gear 9. Second-stage planetary gear 10. Secondary sun gear 11, lockable mechanism 12, third stage carrier 13, clutch 14, first stage internal gear 15, first stage planet carrier 16, first stage sun gear

17、第一级行星轮 18、芯轴 19、大行星轮 20、固定内齿圈 21、小行星轮 22、支撑架 23、第三级太阳轮 24、第三级行星轮 25、第三级内齿轮 26、转速控制机构太阳轮 27、转速控制机构第一级太阳轮 28、转速控制机构第一级行星轮 29、转速控制机构第一级行星架 30、转速控制机构第二级太阳轮 31、转速控制机构第二级行星轮 32、转速控制机构第二级行星架 33、固定外齿轮 101、第一齿轮 102、第二齿轮 103、第三齿轮 201、小齿轮 202、大齿轮 301、第一锥齿轮 302、第二锥齿轮17. First stage planetary gear 18, mandrel 19, large planetary gear 20, fixed inner ring gear 21, small planetary gear 22, support frame 23, third stage sun gear 24, third stage planetary gear 25, third stage Internal gear 26, speed control mechanism sun gear 27, speed control mechanism first stage sun gear 28, speed control mechanism first stage planetary gear 29, speed control mechanism first stage planet carrier 30, speed control mechanism second stage sun gear 31 The second stage planetary gear 32 of the rotational speed control mechanism, the second stage planetary carrier 33 of the rotational speed control mechanism, the fixed external gear 101, the first gear 102, the second gear 103, The third gear 201, the pinion 202, the large gear 301, the first bevel gear 302, and the second bevel gear

具体实施方式detailed description

为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

实施例1Example 1

结合图1(a)，本发明的差动调速行星齿轮无级变速器由两级行星机构串联组成差动轮系，第一级行星机构包括第一级内齿轮14、第一级太阳轮16、第一级行星轮17和第一级行星架15，第一级内齿轮14与输入轴连接为输入，第一级太阳轮16和第一级行星架15为输出；第二级行星机构包括第二级太阳轮10、第二级行星轮9、第二级行星架7和第二级内齿轮8；第一级行星架15和第二级太阳轮10连接，第一级太阳轮16和第二级行星架7连接；第二级内齿轮8与输出轴连接为输出。1(a), the differential speed-regulating planetary gear continuously variable transmission of the present invention comprises a two-stage planetary mechanism in series to form a differential gear train. The first-stage planetary mechanism includes a first-stage internal gear 14 and a first-stage sun gear 16 . The first stage planetary gear 17 and the first stage planetary carrier 15, the first stage internal gear 14 is connected to the input shaft as an input, the first stage sun gear 16 and the first stage carrier 15 are outputs; the second stage planetary mechanism includes a second stage sun gear 10, a second stage planet gear 9, a second stage planet carrier 7 and a second stage inner gear 8; the first stage planet carrier 15 and the second stage sun gear 10 are connected, the first stage sun gear 16 and The second stage carrier 7 is connected; the second stage internal gear 8 is connected to the output shaft as an output.

第一级行星机构和第二级行星机构间设有转速控制机构，转速控制机构包括输入端和输出端，输入端连接调速电机，输出端连接在第一级太阳轮16和第二级行星架7的连接轴上，转速控制机构的输入端和输出端之间设有变速机构，通过变速机构使调速电机转速在合适范围内；通过与输入端连接的调速电机来控制转速控制机构无级变速；通过可锁止机构锁止第一级太阳轮16和第二级行星架7连接轴的转速，阻隔循环功率流并调速，从而实现无级变速以及最大扭矩输出和最高转速输出的变化和功率平衡。A rotation speed control mechanism is provided between the first stage planetary mechanism and the second stage planetary mechanism, and the rotation speed control mechanism includes an input end and an output end, the input end is connected to the speed regulating motor, and the output end is connected to the first stage sun gear 16 and the second stage planet On the connecting shaft of the frame 7, a shifting mechanism is arranged between the input end and the output end of the speed control mechanism, and the speed of the speed regulating motor is within a suitable range through the shifting mechanism; the speed control mechanism is controlled by a speed regulating motor connected to the input end. Stepless speed change; lock the rotation speed of the first stage sun gear 16 and the second stage planet carrier 7 through the lockable mechanism, block the circulating power flow and adjust the speed, thereby achieving stepless speed change and maximum torque output and maximum speed output Changes and power balance.

第一级内齿轮14输入动力，由第一级行星架15——第二级太阳轮10和第一级太阳轮16——第二级行星架7输入第二级行星机构；由第二级行星机构的第二级内齿轮8输出。根据行星机构的传动特点确定，第一级太阳轮16——第二级行星架7的传动为小扭矩增速，第一级行星架15——第二级太阳轮10的传动为大扭矩减速；在第一级太阳轮16——第二级行星架7中设计有转速控制机构，通过调速电机控制第一级太阳轮16的转速。 The first stage internal gear 14 inputs power, and is input to the second stage planetary mechanism by the first stage carrier 15 - the second stage sun gear 10 and the first stage sun gear 16 - the second stage planet carrier 7; The second stage internal gear 8 of the planetary mechanism outputs. According to the transmission characteristics of the planetary mechanism, the transmission of the first stage sun gear 16 - the second stage carrier 7 is a small torque increase, and the transmission of the first stage carrier 15 - the second stage sun gear 10 is a large torque deceleration. In the first stage sun gear 16 - the second stage planet carrier 7 is designed with a speed control mechanism, and the speed of the first stage sun gear 16 is controlled by a speed control motor.

转速控制机构包括转速控制机构第一级行星机构、转速控制机构第二级行星机构和蜗轮付机构，蜗轮付机构包括蜗杆5、蜗轮6和蜗杆轴承座；转速控制机构第一级行星机构包括转速控制机构第一级太阳轮27、转速控制机构第一级行星轮28、转速控制机构第一级行星架29和固定内齿圈20，转速控制机构第一级太阳轮27连接在第一级太阳轮16和第二级行星架7的连接轴上，转速控制机构第一级行星轮28与固定内齿圈20啮合；转速控制机构第二级行星机构包括转速控制机构第二级太阳轮30、转速控制机构第二级行星轮31、转速控制机构第二级行星架32和固定内齿圈20，转速控制机构第二级太阳轮30连接在第一级太阳轮16和第二级行星架7的连接轴上，转速控制机构第二级行星轮31与固定内齿圈20啮合；转速控制机构第一级行星架29与转速控制机构第二级太阳轮30连接，蜗轮6与转速控制机构第二级行星架32连接为一体，套装在第一级太阳轮16和第二级行星架7的连接轴上。固定内齿圈20和蜗杆轴承座固定在变速器的壳体1，蜗杆5上连有调速电机。转速控制机构第一级行星架29与转速控制机构第二级太阳轮30的连接方式为键连接、销连接、螺纹连接、膨胀套或花键连接。本实施例中，转速控制机构第一级行星轮28和转速控制机构第二级行星轮31啮合同一固定内齿圈20。The speed control mechanism comprises a first stage planetary mechanism of the rotational speed control mechanism, a second stage planetary mechanism of the rotational speed control mechanism and a worm gear mechanism, the worm gear mechanism comprises a worm 5, a worm wheel 6 and a worm bearing seat; the first stage planetary mechanism of the rotational speed control mechanism comprises a rotational speed The first stage sun gear 27 of the control mechanism, the first stage planetary gear 28 of the rotational speed control mechanism, the first stage planet carrier 29 of the rotational speed control mechanism and the fixed inner ring gear 20, and the first stage sun gear 27 of the rotational speed control mechanism are connected to the first stage sun On the connecting shaft of the wheel 16 and the second stage carrier 7, the first stage planetary gear 28 of the rotational speed control mechanism meshes with the fixed inner ring gear 20; the second stage planetary mechanism of the rotational speed control mechanism includes a second stage sun gear 30 of the rotational speed control mechanism, The second stage planetary gear 31 of the rotational speed control mechanism, the second stage planetary carrier 32 of the rotational speed control mechanism and the fixed inner ring gear 20, and the second stage sun gear 30 of the rotational speed control mechanism are connected to the first stage sun gear 16 and the second stage planet carrier 7 On the connecting shaft, the second stage planetary gear 31 of the rotational speed control mechanism meshes with the fixed inner ring gear 20; the first stage planetary carrier 29 of the rotational speed control mechanism is connected with the second stage sun gear 30 of the rotational speed control mechanism, and the worm The wheel 6 is integrally coupled with the second stage carrier 32 of the rotational speed control mechanism and is fitted over the connecting shaft of the first stage sun gear 16 and the second stage planet carrier 7. The fixed ring gear 20 and the worm bearing housing are fixed to the casing 1 of the transmission, and the worm 5 is connected with a speed regulating motor. The connection mode of the first-stage planet carrier 29 of the rotational speed control mechanism and the second-stage sun gear 30 of the rotational speed control mechanism is a key connection, a pin connection, a screw connection, an expansion sleeve or a spline connection. In the present embodiment, the first stage planetary gear 28 of the rotational speed control mechanism and the second stage planetary gear 31 of the rotational speed control mechanism mesh with the same fixed ring gear 20.

第一级行星架15和第二级太阳轮10的连接方式为键连接、销连接、螺纹连接、膨胀套或花键连接。The first stage carrier 15 and the second stage sun gear 10 are connected by a key connection, a pin connection, a screw connection, an expansion sleeve or a spline connection.

第一级太阳轮16与第二级行星架7的连接方式为键连接、销连接、螺纹连接、膨胀套或花键连接。The first stage sun gear 16 is connected to the second stage planet carrier 7 by a key connection, a pin connection, a screw connection, an expansion sleeve or a spline connection.

第一级内齿轮14包括输入轴和内齿圈，第二级内齿轮8包括输出轴和内齿圈，输入轴和内齿圈、输出轴和内齿圈为一体式连接或分体式连接。The first stage internal gear 14 includes an input shaft and an internal ring gear, and the second stage internal gear 8 includes an output shaft and an internal ring gear. The input shaft and the ring gear, the output shaft and the ring gear are integrally connected or separated.

输入轴和内齿圈、输出轴和内齿圈的分体式连接方式为花键连接、键连接、螺栓连接、膨胀套或销连接。The split connection of the input shaft and the ring gear, the output shaft and the ring gear is a spline connection, a key connection, a bolt connection, an expansion sleeve or a pin connection.

根据行星机构的传动特点，第一级行星机构和第二行级星机构两个行星差动轮系串联，组成了最大扭矩输出和最高转速输出相结合的叠加传动轮系，在转速控制机构的控制下，分别实现最大扭矩输出和最高转速输出。According to the transmission characteristics of the planetary mechanism, two planetary differential gear trains of the first-stage planetary mechanism and the second-row planetary mechanism The combination of the maximum torque output and the maximum speed output is combined with the maximum speed output and the maximum speed output under the control of the speed control mechanism.

动力输入时，动力传递可以有两条路径：由第一级内齿轮14(输入)——第一级行星架15——第二级太阳轮10——第二级内齿轮8(输出)和第一级内齿轮14(输入)——第一级太阳轮16——第二级行星架7——第二级内齿轮8(输出)。For power input, the power transmission can have two paths: by the first stage internal gear 14 (input) - the first stage planet carrier 15 - the second stage sun gear 10 - the second stage internal gear 8 (output) and The first stage internal gear 14 (input) - the first stage sun gear 16 - the second stage planet carrier 7 - the second stage internal gear 8 (output).

由第一级内齿轮14(输入)——第一级行星架15——第二级太阳轮10——第二级内齿轮8(输出)传递的是低速大扭矩路径；由第一级内齿轮14(输入)——第一级太阳轮16——第二级行星架7——第二级内齿轮8(输出)传递的是低扭矩高转速路径。The first stage internal gear 14 (input) - the first stage carrier 15 - the second stage sun gear 10 - the second stage internal gear 8 (output) delivers a low speed high torque path; Gear 14 (input) - first stage sun gear 16 - second stage planet carrier 7 - second stage internal gear 8 (output) delivers a low torque high speed path.

在行星差动轮系传动中，当输入功率为定值，线速度和转矩必须遵守下例关系式：(其中a为太阳轮，b为内齿轮，h为行星架，a1为第一级太阳轮，b1为第一级内齿轮，h1为第一级行星架，a2为第二级太阳轮，b2为第二级内齿轮，h2为第二级行星架)：In the planetary differential gear train, when the input power is constant, the line speed and torque must follow the following relationship: (where a is the sun gear, b is the internal gear, h is the planet carrier, and a1 is the first stage. The sun gear, b1 is the first stage internal gear, h1 is the first stage planet carrier, a2 is the second stage sun gear, b2 is the second stage internal gear, h2 is the second stage planet carrier):

V_a+V_b+V_h＝0；n_a+n_b(Z_b/Z_a)+(1+Z_b/Z_a)n_h＝0 (运动学方程)V _a +V _b +V _h =0;n _a +n _b (Z _b /Z _a )+(1+Z _b /Z _a )n _h =0 (kinematics equation)

T_a+T_b+T_h＝0；T_a：T_b：T_h＝1：(Z_b/Z_a)：(1+Z_b/Z_a) (动力学方程)T _a +T _b +T _h =0;T _a :T _b :T _h =1:(Z _b /Z _a ):(1+Z _b /Z _a ) (kinetic equation)

当输入转速一定时，调整一个传动件的转速后，另一个传动件的转速自动调整；由于调速电机可以无级调速，所以另一个传动件的转速也自动调整，并一定是无级变速；使得第二级行星机构有两个无级变速的输入；在转速控制机构的控制下，实现转速的调整和功率的分配平衡，从而达到第二级行星机构输出的无级变速传动目的。When the input speed is constant, after adjusting the speed of one transmission member, the speed of the other transmission member is automatically adjusted; since the speed regulating motor can be steplessly regulated, the speed of the other transmission member is also automatically adjusted, and must be continuously variable. The second stage planetary mechanism has two input of continuously variable transmission; under the control of the speed control mechanism, the speed adjustment and the power distribution balance are realized, thereby achieving the purpose of the stepless speed change transmission of the second stage planetary mechanism output.

由上述关系式可以得到本发明叠加传动轮系的输入与输出的转速和扭矩关系式。From the above relationship, the relationship between the rotational speed and the torque of the input and output of the superimposed transmission train of the present invention can be obtained.

运动学分析：Kinematics analysis:

n_b1＝Z_a1/Z_b1(n_a1+(1+Z_b1/z_a1)n_h1)n _b1 =Z _a1 /Z _b1 (n _a1 +(1+Z _b1 /z _a1 )n _h1 )

n_b2＝Z_a2/Z_b2(n_a2+(1+Z_b2/Z_a2)n_h2)n _b2 =Z _a2 /Z _b2 (n _a2 +(1+Z _b2 /Z _a2 )n _h2 )

叠加运动轮系的输入与输出的转速关系式：The relationship between the input and output speeds of the superimposed motion train:

n_b2＝(Z_a2/Z_b2)(n_a2+(1+Z_b2/Z_a2)n_h2) n _b2 =(Z _a2 /Z _b2 )(n _a2 +(1+Z _b2 /Z _a2 )n _h2 )

＝(Z_a2/Z_b2)(n_b1(Z_b1/Z_a1)/(1+Z_b1/Z_a1)+n_a1(1+Z_b2/Z_a2-1/(1+Z_b1/Z_a1)))=(Z _a2 /Z _b2 )(n _b1 (Z _b1 /Z _a1 )/(1+Z _b1 /Z _a1 )+n _a1 (1+Z _b2 /Z _a2 -1/(1+Z _b1 /Z _a1 )))

动力学分析：kinetics analysis:

T_b＝(Z_b/Z_a)T_a＝T_h(Z_b/Z_a)/(1+Z_b/Z_a)T _b =(Z _b /Z _a )T _a =T _h (Z _b /Z _a )/(1+Z _b /Z _a )

T_b＝(Z_b/Z_a)(T_a+T_h/(1+Z_b/Z_a))/2T _b =(Z _b /Z _a )(T _a +T _h /(1+Z _b /Z _a ))/2

叠加运动轮系的输入与输出的扭矩关系式：The relationship between the input and output torque of the superimposed motion train:

T_b2＝(Z_b2/Z_a2)(T_a2+T_h2/(1+Z_b2/Z_a2))/2T _b2 =(Z _b2 /Z _a2 )(T _a2 +T _h2 /(1+Z _b2 /Z _a2 ))/2

＝T_b1(Z_b2/Z_a2)(Z_b1/Z_a1)(1/(1+Z_b1/Z_a1)+1/(1+Z_b2/Z_a2))/2=T _b1 (Z _b2 /Z _a2 )(Z _b1 /Z _a1 )(1/(1+Z _b1 /Z _a1 )+1/(1+Z _b2 /Z _a2 ))/2

结合图7可知：斜线①表示了在转速控制机构不工作的情况下，变速器在两级减速大扭矩低速工作时功率输出状态。斜线②和斜线③表示了在转速控制机构工作的情况下，叠加运动轮系两路功率传递变化的情况，使得两个差动轮系组成最大扭矩输出和最高转速输出相结合的叠加传动轮系。总的功率传递是曲线的叠加，实现功率分配自动调整。As can be seen from Fig. 7, the oblique line 1 indicates the power output state of the transmission when the speed control mechanism is not operating, and the transmission is operated at two stages of deceleration, high torque and low speed. The slanted line 2 and the slanted line 3 indicate the case where the power transmission changes of the superimposed moving wheel train under the condition of the operation of the speed control mechanism, so that the two differential gear trains constitute a superimposed transmission combining the maximum torque output and the highest speed output. Wheel train. The total power transfer is a superposition of the curves, enabling automatic adjustment of the power distribution.

初始状态，转速控制机构不工作，由于蜗杆5不工作，根据蜗轮付机构的自锁特性，固定内齿圈20固定，使得第一级太阳轮16和第二级行星架7锁死，即n_a1＝n_h2＝0，动力传递只有由第一级内齿轮14(输入)——第一级行星架15——第二级太阳轮10——第二级内齿轮8(输出)，变速器处于两级减速大扭矩低速工作状态。第二级内齿轮8的输出旋转方向与输入第一级内齿轮14的方向相反，此时前两级行星机构各部件的具体转向如图8(a)所示。In the initial state, the speed control mechanism does not work. Since the worm 5 does not work, the fixed ring gear 20 is fixed according to the self-locking characteristic of the worm wheel mechanism, so that the first stage sun gear 16 and the second stage planet carrier 7 are locked, that is, n _A1 =n _h2 =0, the power transmission is only by the first stage internal gear 14 (input) - the first stage carrier 15 - the second stage sun gear 10 - the second stage internal gear 8 (output), the transmission is at Two-stage deceleration, high torque and low speed operation. The output rotation direction of the second stage internal gear 8 is opposite to the direction of the input first stage internal gear 14, and the specific turning of the components of the first two stages of the planetary mechanism is as shown in Fig. 8(a).

当转速控制机构工作时，蜗杆5工作，此时动力传递有两条路径合成：在转速控制机构的控制下，随着第一级太阳轮16——第二级行星架7控制转速的逐步提高，第一级行星架15——第二级太阳轮10传动转速逐步降低；随着第一级太阳轮16——第二级行星架7控制转速的逐步降低，第一级行星架15——第二级太阳轮10传动转速逐步提高。输出为两条路径合成的转速和扭矩，变速器处于叠加运动轮系的传动状态。当第一级太阳轮16——第二级行星架7转速发生变化，使得第一级行星架15——第二级太阳轮10转速发生差动调速，从而使变速器处于无级变速。由于第一级太阳轮16——第二级行星架7输出转速的旋转方向与输入第一级内齿轮14方向相反，和第二级内齿轮8的输出旋向相同，从而实现第二级内齿轮8的输出无级变速和超速功能，此时前两级行星机构各部件的具体转向如图8(b)所示。When the speed control mechanism works, the worm 5 works. At this time, the power transmission has two paths synthesized: under the control of the speed control mechanism, the first-stage sun gear 16 - the second-stage planet carrier 7 controls the rotational speed step by step. The first stage planet carrier 15 - the second stage sun gear 10 drive speed is gradually reduced; as the first stage sun gear 16 - the second stage planet carrier 7 controls the rotational speed to gradually decrease, the first stage planet carrier 15 - The speed of the second stage sun gear 10 is gradually increased. The output is the combined speed and torque of the two paths, and the transmission is in the transmission state of the superimposed moving train. When the first stage sun gear 16 - the second stage planet carrier 7 rotates, the speed of the first stage carrier 15 - the second stage sun gear 10 is poor. Speed regulation, so that the transmission is infinitely variable. Since the rotation direction of the output speed of the first stage sun gear 16 - the second stage carrier 7 is opposite to the direction of the input first stage internal gear 14, and the output direction of the second stage internal gear 8 is the same, thereby realizing the second stage The output of the gear 8 is steplessly variable and overspeed. At this time, the specific turning of the components of the first two stages of the planetary mechanism is as shown in Fig. 8(b).

转速控制机构的作用：使得两个差动轮系组成最大扭矩输出和最高转速输出相结合的叠加运动轮系，在转速控制机构控制下，实现最大扭矩输出和最高转速输出的转换和功率平衡。通过变速机构使调速电机转速在合适范围内；通过与输入端连接的调速电机来控制转速控制机构无级变速；通过可锁止机构锁止第一级太阳轮16和第二级行星架7连接轴的转速，阻隔循环功率流并调速，从而实现无级变速以及最大扭矩输出和最高转速输出的变化和功率平衡。The role of the speed control mechanism: the two differential gear trains constitute a superimposed motion train that combines the maximum torque output and the highest speed output. Under the control of the speed control mechanism, the maximum torque output and the maximum speed output are converted and balanced. The speed of the speed regulating motor is in a suitable range by a shifting mechanism; the speed control motor is connected to the input end to control the stepless speed change; the lockable mechanism locks the first stage sun gear 16 and the second stage planet carrier 7 Connect the speed of the shaft, block the circulating power flow and adjust the speed, thus achieving the stepless shifting and the change and power balance of the maximum torque output and the maximum speed output.

结合图1(b)，本实施例中转速控制机构第一级行星机构和第一级行星机构可以共用同一太阳轮，即转速控制机构第一级行星轮28与第一级太阳轮16啮合。1(b), in the present embodiment, the first stage planetary mechanism and the first stage planetary mechanism of the rotational speed control mechanism can share the same sun gear, that is, the first stage planetary gear 28 of the rotational speed control mechanism meshes with the first stage sun gear 16.

实施例2Example 2

结合图2(a)，本发明的差动调速行星齿轮无级变速器由两级行星机构串联组成差动轮系，第一级行星机构包括第一级内齿轮14、第一级太阳轮16、第一级行星轮17和第一级行星架15，第一级内齿轮14与输入轴连接为输入，第一级太阳轮16和第一级行星架15为输出；第二级行星机构包括第二级太阳轮10、第二级行星轮9、第二级行星架7和第二级内齿轮8；第一级行星架15和第二级太阳轮10连接，第一级太阳轮16和第二级行星架7连接；第二级内齿轮8与输出轴连接为输出。2(a), the differential speed-adjusting planetary gear continuously variable transmission of the present invention comprises a two-stage planetary mechanism in series to form a differential gear train. The first-stage planetary mechanism includes a first-stage internal gear 14 and a first-stage sun gear 16 . The first stage planetary gear 17 and the first stage planetary carrier 15, the first stage internal gear 14 is connected to the input shaft as an input, the first stage sun gear 16 and the first stage carrier 15 are outputs; the second stage planetary mechanism includes a second stage sun gear 10, a second stage planet gear 9, a second stage planet carrier 7 and a second stage inner gear 8; the first stage planet carrier 15 and the second stage sun gear 10 are connected, the first stage sun gear 16 and The second stage carrier 7 is connected; the second stage internal gear 8 is connected to the output shaft as an output.

第一级行星机构和第二级行星机构间设有转速控制机构，转速控制机构包括输入端和输出端，输入端连接调速电机，输出端连接在第一级太阳轮16和第二级行星架7的连接轴上，转速控制机构的输入端和输出端之间设有变速机构，通过变速机构使调速电机转速在合适范围内；通过与输入端连接的调速电机来控制转速控制机构无级变速；通过可锁止机构锁止第一级太阳轮16和第二级行星架7连接轴的转速，阻隔循环功率流并调速，从而实现无级变速以及最大扭矩输出和最高转速输出的变化和功率平衡。A rotation speed control mechanism is provided between the first stage planetary mechanism and the second stage planetary mechanism, and the rotation speed control mechanism includes an input end and an output end, the input end is connected to the speed regulating motor, and the output end is connected to the first stage sun gear 16 and the second stage planet On the connecting shaft of the frame 7, a shifting mechanism is arranged between the input end and the output end of the speed control mechanism, and the speed of the speed regulating motor is within a suitable range through the shifting mechanism; the speed control mechanism is controlled by a speed regulating motor connected to the input end. Infinitely variable speed; through lockable The mechanism locks the speed of the first stage sun gear 16 and the second stage planet carrier 7 to connect the shaft, blocks the circulating power flow and regulates the speed, thereby achieving the stepless shifting and the change and power balance of the maximum torque output and the maximum speed output.

第一级内齿轮14输入动力，由第一级行星架15——第二级太阳轮10和第一级太阳轮16——第二级行星架7输入第二级行星机构；由第二级行星机构的第二级内齿轮8输出。根据行星机构的传动特点确定，第一级太阳轮16——第二级行星架7的传动为小扭矩增速，第一级行星架15——第二级太阳轮10的传动为大扭矩减速；在第一级太阳轮16——第二级行星架7中设计有转速控制机构，通过调速电机控制第一级太阳轮16的转速。The first stage internal gear 14 inputs power, and is input to the second stage planetary mechanism by the first stage carrier 15 - the second stage sun gear 10 and the first stage sun gear 16 - the second stage planet carrier 7; The second stage internal gear 8 of the planetary mechanism outputs. According to the transmission characteristics of the planetary mechanism, the transmission of the first stage sun gear 16 - the second stage carrier 7 is a small torque increase, and the transmission of the first stage carrier 15 - the second stage sun gear 10 is a large torque deceleration. In the first stage sun gear 16 - the second stage planet carrier 7 is designed with a speed control mechanism, and the speed of the first stage sun gear 16 is controlled by a speed control motor.

转速控制机构包括蜗轮付机构和行星机构，蜗轮付机构包括蜗杆5、蜗轮6和蜗杆轴承座，行星机构包括转速控制机构太阳轮26、大行星轮19、小行星轮21、连接轴、行星架和固定内齿圈20，大行星轮19和小行星轮21由连接轴连接，安装在行星架上；大行星轮19与转速控制机构太阳轮26啮合；小行星轮21与固定内齿圈20啮合，转速控制机构太阳轮26连接在第一级太阳轮16和第二级行星架7的连接轴上，蜗轮6与行星机构的行星架连接为一体，套装在第一级太阳轮16和第二级行星架7的连接轴上。固定内齿圈20和蜗杆轴承座固定在变速器的壳体1，蜗杆5上连有调速电机。The speed control mechanism includes a worm gear mechanism and a planetary mechanism. The worm gear mechanism includes a worm 5, a worm wheel 6 and a worm bearing seat. The planetary mechanism includes a speed control mechanism sun gear 26, a large planet wheel 19, a small planet wheel 21, a connecting shaft, and a planet carrier. And the fixed ring gear 20, the large planet gear 19 and the small planet wheel 21 are connected by a connecting shaft and mounted on the planet carrier; the large planet gear 19 meshes with the speed control mechanism sun gear 26; the small planet gear 21 and the fixed ring gear 20 Engagement, the speed control mechanism sun gear 26 is connected to the connecting shaft of the first stage sun gear 16 and the second stage planet carrier 7, and the worm wheel 6 is integrally connected with the planet carrier of the planetary mechanism, and is assembled in the first stage sun gear 16 and The connecting shaft of the secondary carrier 7 is on the shaft. The fixed ring gear 20 and the worm bearing housing are fixed to the casing 1 of the transmission, and the worm 5 is connected with a speed regulating motor.

运动学分析：Kinematics analysis:

动力学分析：kinetics analysis:

初始状态，转速控制机构不工作，由于蜗杆5不工作，根据蜗轮付机构自锁的特性，行星机构的固定内齿圈20固定，使得第一级太阳轮16和第二级行星架7锁死，即n_a1＝n_h2＝0，动力传递只有由第一级内齿轮14(输入)——第一级行星架15——第二级太阳轮10——第二级内齿轮8(输出)，变速器处于两级减速大扭矩低速工作状态。第二级内齿轮8的输出旋转方向与输入第一级内齿轮14的方向相反，此时前两级行星机构各部件的具体转向如图8(a)所示。In the initial state, the rotation speed control mechanism does not work. Since the worm 5 does not work, the fixed inner ring gear 20 of the planetary mechanism is fixed according to the self-locking characteristics of the worm wheel mechanism, so that the first stage sun gear 16 and the second stage planet carrier 7 are locked. , ie n _a1 =n _h2 =0, the power transmission is only by the first stage internal gear 14 (input) - the first stage planet carrier 15 - the second stage sun gear 10 - the second stage internal gear 8 (output) The transmission is in two-stage deceleration, high torque and low speed operation. The output rotation direction of the second stage internal gear 8 is opposite to the direction of the input first stage internal gear 14, and the specific turning of the components of the first two stages of the planetary mechanism is as shown in Fig. 8(a).

结合图2(b)，本实施例中转速控制机构的行星机构和第一级行星机构可以共用同一太阳轮，即行星机构的大行星轮19与第一级太阳轮16啮合。2(b), in the present embodiment, the planetary mechanism of the rotational speed control mechanism and the first-stage planetary mechanism can share the same sun gear, that is, the large planetary gear 19 of the planetary mechanism meshes with the first-stage sun gear 16.

结合图2(c)，本实施例中转速控制机构的行星机构中固定内齿圈20可由固定外齿轮33替代，小行星轮21与固定外齿轮33啮合，固定外齿轮33和蜗杆轴承座固定在变速器的壳体1。2(c), in the planetary mechanism of the rotational speed control mechanism of the present embodiment, the fixed ring gear 20 can be replaced by a fixed external gear 33, the small planetary gear 21 meshes with the fixed external gear 33, and the fixed external gear 33 and the worm bearing seat are fixed. In the housing 1 of the transmission.

实施例3Example 3

结合图3，本发明的差动调速行星齿轮无级变速器由两级行星机构串联组成差动轮系，第一级行星机构包括第一级内齿轮14、第一级太阳轮16、第一级行星轮17和第一级行星架15，第一级内齿轮14与输入轴连接为输入，第一级太阳轮16和第一级行星架15为输出；第二级行星机构包括第二级太阳轮10、第二级行星轮9、第二级行星架7和第二级内齿轮8；第一级行星架15和第二级太阳轮10连接，第一级太阳轮16和第二级行星架7连接；第二级内齿轮8与输出轴连接为输出。3, the differential speed-adjusting planetary gear continuously variable transmission of the present invention comprises a two-stage planetary mechanism in series to form a differential gear train. The first-stage planetary mechanism includes a first-stage internal gear 14, a first-stage sun gear 16, and a first Stage planetary gear 17 and first stage carrier 15, first stage internal gear 14 is connected to input shaft as input, first stage sun gear 16 and first stage carrier 15 are outputs; second stage planetary mechanism includes second stage The sun gear 10, the second stage planetary gear 9, the second stage planet carrier 7 and the second stage inner gear 8; the first stage planet carrier 15 and the second stage sun gear 10 are connected, the first stage sun gear 16 and the second stage The planet carrier 7 is connected; the second stage internal gear 8 is connected to the output shaft as an output.

第一级行星机构和第二级行星机构间设有转速控制机构，转速控制机构包括输入端和输出端，输入端连接调速电机，输出端连接在第一级太阳轮16和第二级行星架7的连接轴上，转速控制机构的输入端和输出端之间设有变速机构，通过变速机构使调速电机转速在合适范围内；通过与输入端连接的调速电机来控制转速控制机构无级变速；通过可锁止机构锁止第一级太阳轮16和第二级行星架7连接轴的转速，阻隔循环功率流并调速，从而实现无级变速以及最大扭矩输出和最高转速输出的变化和功率平衡。A rotation speed control mechanism is provided between the first stage planetary mechanism and the second stage planetary mechanism, and the rotation speed control mechanism includes an input end And the output end, the input end is connected to the speed regulating motor, and the output end is connected to the connecting shaft of the first stage sun gear 16 and the second stage planet carrier 7, and a shifting mechanism is provided between the input end and the output end of the speed control mechanism, The shifting mechanism makes the speed of the speed regulating motor within a suitable range; the speed control motor connected to the input end controls the stepless speed change of the speed control mechanism; and the lockable mechanism locks the first stage sun gear 16 and the second stage planet carrier 7 Connects the speed of the shaft, blocks the circulating power flow and regulates the speed, thus achieving stepless shifting and maximum torque output and maximum speed output change and power balance.

转速控制机构包括齿轮机构和可锁止机构11，转速控制机构的输入端和输出端通过齿轮传动实现变速，转速控制机构的输出端齿轮连接在第一级太阳轮16和第二级行星架7的连接轴上，转速控制机构的输入端齿轮的齿轮轴与调速电机连接；转速控制机构通过可锁止机构11实现对第一级太阳轮16和第二级行星架7连接轴的可锁止。本实施例中，第一齿轮101为输出端齿轮，连接在第一级太阳轮16和第二级行星架7的连接轴上，第二齿轮102与第一齿轮101啮合，第三齿轮103为输入端齿轮，第三齿轮103的齿轮轴与调速电机连接，第三齿轮103与第二齿轮102啮合，可锁止机构11通过可锁止第三齿轮103而实现对第一级太阳轮16和第二级行星架7连接轴的可锁止和调速。The speed control mechanism includes a gear mechanism and a lockable mechanism 11. The input end and the output end of the speed control mechanism are geared by gear transmission, and the output end of the speed control mechanism is geared to the first stage sun gear 16 and the second stage planet carrier 7 On the connecting shaft, the gear shaft of the input end gear of the speed control mechanism is connected with the speed regulating motor; the speed control mechanism locks the connecting shaft of the first stage sun gear 16 and the second stage planet carrier 7 through the lockable mechanism 11 stop. In this embodiment, the first gear 101 is an output end gear connected to the connecting shaft of the first stage sun gear 16 and the second stage carrier 7, the second gear 102 meshes with the first gear 101, and the third gear 103 is The input end gear, the gear shaft of the third gear 103 is connected to the speed regulating motor, the third gear 103 meshes with the second gear 102, and the lockable mechanism 11 realizes the first stage sun gear 16 by locking the third gear 103. It can be locked and adjusted with the shaft of the second-stage carrier 7.

第一级内齿轮14包括输入轴和内齿圈，第二级内齿轮8包括输出轴和内齿圈，输入轴和内齿圈、输出轴和内齿圈为一体式连接或分体式连接。The first stage internal gear 14 includes an input shaft and an internal ring gear, and the second stage internal gear 8 includes an output shaft and an internal ring gear. The input shaft and the ring gear, the output shaft and the ring gear are either an integral connection or a split connection.

根据行星机构的传动特点，第一级行星机构和第二级行星机构两个行星差动轮系串联，组成了最大扭矩输出和最高转速输出相结合的叠加传动轮系，在转速控制机构的控制下，分别实现最大扭矩输出和最高转速输出。According to the transmission characteristics of the planetary mechanism, the two planetary differential gear trains of the first-stage planetary mechanism and the second-stage planetary mechanism are connected in series to form a superimposed transmission gear train combining the maximum torque output and the maximum rotational speed output, and the control of the rotational speed control mechanism The maximum torque output and the maximum speed output are respectively achieved.

运动学分析： Kinematics analysis:

n_b2＝(Z_a2/Z_b2)(n_a2+(1+Z_b2/Z_a2)n_h2)n _b2 =(Z _a2 /Z _b2 )(n _a2 +(1+Z _b2 /Z _a2 )n _h2 )

动力学分析：kinetics analysis:

初始状态，转速控制机构不工作，由于转速控制机构的可锁止机构11锁止第一级太阳轮16和第二级行星架7连接轴，使得第一级太阳轮16和第二级行星架7锁死，即n_a1＝n_h2＝0，动力传递只有由第一级内齿轮14(输入)——第一级行星架15——第二级太阳轮10——第二级内齿轮8(输出)，变速器处于两级减速大扭矩低速工作状态。第二级内齿轮8的输出旋转方向与输入第一级内齿轮14的方向相反，此时前两级行星机构各部件的具体转向如图8(a)所示。In the initial state, the speed control mechanism does not work, because the lockable mechanism 11 of the speed control mechanism locks the first stage sun gear 16 and the second stage planet carrier 7 to connect the shaft, so that the first stage sun gear 16 and the second stage planet carrier 7 lock, ie n _a1 =n _h2 =0, the power transmission is only by the first stage internal gear 14 (input) - the first stage planet carrier 15 - the second stage sun gear 10 - the second stage internal gear 8 (Output), the transmission is in two-stage deceleration, high torque and low speed operation. The output rotation direction of the second stage internal gear 8 is opposite to the direction of the input first stage internal gear 14, and the specific turning of the components of the first two stages of the planetary mechanism is as shown in Fig. 8(a).

当转速控制机构工作时，转速控制机构的可锁止机构11解除对第一级太阳轮16和第二级行星架7连接轴的锁止，此时动力传递有两条路径合成：在转速控制机构的控制下，随着第一级太阳轮16——第二级行星架7控制转速的逐步提高，第一级行星架15——第二级太阳轮10传动转速逐步降低；随着第一级太阳轮16——第二级行星架7控制转速的逐步降低，第一级行星架15——第二级太阳轮10传动转速逐步提高。输出为两条路径合成的转速和扭矩，变速器处于叠加运动轮系的传动状态。当第一级太阳轮16——第二级行星架7转速发生变化，使得第一级行星架15——第二级太阳轮10转速发生差动调速，从而使变速器处于无级变速。由于第一级太阳轮16——第二级行星架7输出转速的旋转方向与输入第一级内齿轮14方向相反，和第二级内齿轮8的输出旋向相同，从而实现第二级内齿轮8的输出无级变速和超速功能，此时前两级行星机构各部件的具体转向如图8(b)所示。When the speed control mechanism is in operation, the lockable mechanism 11 of the speed control mechanism releases the locking of the connecting shaft of the first stage sun gear 16 and the second stage planet carrier 7, and at this time, the power transmission has two paths synthesized: in the speed control Under the control of the institution, As the first stage sun gear 16 - the second stage planet carrier 7 controls the rotational speed gradually, the first stage planet carrier 15 - the second stage sun gear 10 drive speed is gradually reduced; with the first stage sun gear 16 - - The second stage carrier 7 controls the gradual reduction of the rotational speed, and the rotational speed of the first stage carrier 15 - the second stage sun gear 10 is gradually increased. The output is the combined speed and torque of the two paths, and the transmission is in the transmission state of the superimposed moving train. When the first-stage sun gear 16 - the second-stage carrier 7 rotates, the first-stage carrier 15 - the second-stage sun gear 10 rotates at a differential speed, thereby causing the transmission to be continuously variable. Since the rotation direction of the output speed of the first stage sun gear 16 - the second stage carrier 7 is opposite to the direction of the input first stage internal gear 14, and the output direction of the second stage internal gear 8 is the same, thereby realizing the second stage The output of the gear 8 is steplessly variable and overspeed. At this time, the specific turning of the components of the first two stages of the planetary mechanism is as shown in Fig. 8(b).

当然，转速控制机构的输入端和输出端齿轮的设置不局限于本实施例，凡是通过齿轮机构实现转速控制机构的输入端和输出端的变速以及通过可锁止机构11对第一级太阳轮16和第二级行星架7连接轴的可锁止的设计，均落入本申请的保护范围。Of course, the setting of the input end and the output end gear of the rotational speed control mechanism is not limited to the embodiment, and the shifting of the input end and the output end of the rotational speed control mechanism by the gear mechanism and the first stage sun gear 16 by the lockable mechanism 11 are generally not limited. The lockable design of the connecting shaft with the second stage planet carrier 7 falls within the scope of protection of the present application.

实施例4Example 4

结合图4，本发明的差动调速行星齿轮无级变速器由两级行星机构串联组成差动轮系，第一级行星机构包括第一级内齿轮14、第一级太阳轮16、第一级行星轮17和第一级行星架15，第一级内齿轮14与输入轴连接为输入，第一级太阳轮16和第一级行星架15为输出；第二级行星机构包括第二级太阳轮10、第二级行星轮9、第二级行星架7和第二级内齿轮8；第一级行星架15和第二级太阳轮10连接，第一级太阳轮16和第二级行星架7连接；第二级内齿轮8与输出轴连接为输出。Referring to FIG. 4, the differential speed-adjusting planetary gear continuously variable transmission of the present invention comprises a two-stage planetary mechanism in series to form a differential gear train. The first-stage planetary mechanism includes a first-stage internal gear 14, a first-stage sun gear 16, and a first Stage planetary gear 17 and first stage carrier 15, first stage internal gear 14 is connected to input shaft as input, first stage sun gear 16 and first stage carrier 15 are outputs; second stage planetary mechanism includes second stage The sun gear 10, the second stage planetary gear 9, the second stage planet carrier 7 and the second stage inner gear 8; the first stage planet carrier 15 and the second stage sun gear 10 are connected, the first stage sun gear 16 and the second stage Planet carrier 7 is connected; The second stage internal gear 8 is connected to the output shaft as an output.

转速控制机构包括大齿轮202、小齿轮201、齿轮带和可锁止机构11，大齿轮202的齿轮轴与调速电机连接，小齿轮201连接在第一级太阳轮16和第二级行星架7的连接轴上，大齿轮202和小齿轮201通过齿轮带连接；转速控制机构通过可锁止机构11实现对第一级太阳轮16和第二级行星架7连接轴的可锁止和调速。The rotation speed control mechanism includes a large gear 202, a pinion gear 201, a gear belt and a lockable mechanism 11. The gear shaft of the large gear 202 is connected with the speed control motor, and the pinion gear 201 is connected to the first stage sun gear 16 and the second stage planet carrier. On the connecting shaft of 7, the large gear 202 and the pinion 201 are connected by a gear belt; the speed control mechanism realizes the lockable and adjustable connection of the connecting shafts of the first stage sun gear 16 and the second stage planet carrier 7 through the lockable mechanism 11. speed.

输入轴和内齿圈、输出轴和内齿圈的分体式连接方式为花键连接、键连接、螺栓连接、膨胀套或销连接。The split connection of the input shaft and the ring gear, the output shaft and the ring gear is spline connection, key connection, bolt connection Connection, expansion sleeve or pin connection.

根据行星机构的传动特点，第一级行星机构和第二行级星机构两个行星差动轮系串联，组成了最大扭矩输出和最高转速输出相结合的叠加传动轮系，在转速控制机构的控制下，分别实现最大扭矩输出和最高转速输出。According to the transmission characteristics of the planetary mechanism, the two planetary differential gear trains of the first-stage planetary mechanism and the second-row planetary mechanism are connected in series, and constitute a superimposed transmission gear train combining the maximum torque output and the maximum rotational speed output, in the rotational speed control mechanism. Under control, maximum torque output and maximum speed output are achieved respectively.

运动学分析：Kinematics analysis:

n_b2＝Z_a2/Z_b2(n_a2+(1+Z_b2/Z_a2)n_h2) n _b2 =Z _a2 /Z _b2 (n _a2 +(1+Z _b2 /Z _a2 )n _h2 )

动力学分析：kinetics analysis:

当转速控制机构工作时，转速控制机构的可锁止机构11解除对第一级太阳轮16和第二级行星架7连接轴的锁止，此时动力传递有两条路径合成：由在转速控制机构的控制下，随着第一级太阳轮16——第二级行星架7控制转速的逐步提高，第一级行星架15——第二级太阳轮10传动转速逐步降低；随着第一级太阳轮16——第二级行星架7控制转速的逐步降低，第一级行星架15——第二级太阳轮10传动转速逐步提高。输出为两条路径合成的转速和扭矩，变速器处于叠加运动轮系的传动状态。当第一级太阳轮16——第二级行星架7转速发生变化，使得第一级行星架15——第二级太阳轮10转速发生差动调速，从而使变速器处于无级变速。由于第一级太阳轮16——第二级行星架7输出转速的旋转方向与输入第一级内齿轮14方向相反，和第二级内齿轮8的输出旋向相同，从而实现第二级内齿轮8的输出无级变速和超速功能，此时前两级行星机构各部件的具体转向如图8(b)所示。When the speed control mechanism is in operation, the lockable mechanism 11 of the speed control mechanism releases the locking of the connecting shaft of the first stage sun gear 16 and the second stage planet carrier 7, and at this time, the power transmission has two paths synthesized: Under the control of the control mechanism, as the first-stage sun gear 16 - the second-stage planet carrier 7 controls the rotational speed, the rotational speed of the first-stage carrier 15 - the second-stage sun gear 10 is gradually reduced; First stage sun gear 16 - second stage planet carrier 7 control speed The gradual reduction of the first-stage planet carrier 15 - the second-stage sun gear 10 transmission speed is gradually increased. The output is the combined speed and torque of the two paths, and the transmission is in the transmission state of the superimposed moving train. When the first-stage sun gear 16 - the second-stage carrier 7 rotates, the first-stage carrier 15 - the second-stage sun gear 10 rotates at a differential speed, thereby causing the transmission to be continuously variable. Since the rotation direction of the output speed of the first stage sun gear 16 - the second stage carrier 7 is opposite to the direction of the input first stage internal gear 14, and the output direction of the second stage internal gear 8 is the same, thereby realizing the second stage The output of the gear 8 is steplessly variable and overspeed. At this time, the specific turning of the components of the first two stages of the planetary mechanism is as shown in Fig. 8(b).

当然，本实施例中转速控制机构的大齿轮202、小齿轮201和齿轮带可分别由大链轮、小链轮和链替换，大链轮的链轮轴与调速电机连接，小链轮连接在第一级太阳轮16和第二级行星架7的连接轴上，大链轮和小链轮通过链连接；转速控制机构通过可锁止机构11实现对第一级太阳轮16和第二级行星架7连接轴的可锁止和调速。Of course, the large gear 202, the pinion 201 and the gear belt of the rotational speed control mechanism in this embodiment can be replaced by a large sprocket, a small sprocket and a chain, respectively, and the sprocket shaft of the large sprocket is connected with the speed regulating motor, and the small sprocket is connected. On the connecting shaft of the first stage sun gear 16 and the second stage planet carrier 7, the large sprocket and the small sprocket are connected by a chain; the rotation speed control mechanism realizes the first stage sun gear 16 and the second by the lockable mechanism 11 The stage carrier 7 is connected to the shaft for locking and speed regulation.

实施例5Example 5

结合图5，本发明的差动调速行星齿轮无级变速器由两级行星机构串联组成差动轮系，第一级行星机构包括第一级内齿轮14、第一级太阳轮16、第一级行星轮17和第一级行星架15，第一级内齿轮14与输入轴连接为输入，第一级太阳轮16和第一级行星架15为输出；第二级行星机构包括第二级太阳轮10、第二级行星轮9、第二级行星架7和第二级内齿轮8；第一级行星架15和第二级太阳轮10连接，第一级太阳轮16和第二级行星架7连接；第二级内齿轮8与输出轴连接为输出。5, the differential speed-adjusting planetary gear continuously variable transmission of the present invention comprises a two-stage planetary mechanism in series to form a differential gear train. The first-stage planetary mechanism includes a first-stage internal gear 14, a first-stage sun gear 16, and a first Stage planetary gear 17 and first stage carrier 15, first stage internal gear 14 is connected to input shaft as input, first stage sun gear 16 and first stage carrier 15 are outputs; second stage planetary mechanism includes second stage The sun gear 10, the second stage planetary gear 9, the second stage planet carrier 7 and the second stage inner gear 8; the first stage planet carrier 15 and the second stage sun gear 10 are connected, the first stage sun gear 16 and the second stage Planet carrier 7 is connected; The second stage internal gear 8 is connected to the output shaft as an output.

转速控制机构包括锥齿轮机构和可锁止机构11，转速控制机构的输入端和输出端通过锥齿轮传动实现变速，转速控制机构的输出端锥齿轮连接在第一级太阳轮16和第二级行星架7的连接轴上，转速控制机构的输入端锥齿轮的齿轮轴与调速电机连接；转速控制机构通过可锁止机构11实现对第一级太阳轮16和第二级行星架7连接轴的可锁止。本实施例中，第一锥齿轮301为输出端锥齿轮，连接在第一级太阳轮16和第二级行星架7的连接轴上，第二锥齿轮302为输入端锥齿轮，第二锥齿轮302的齿轮轴与调速电机连接，第二锥齿轮302与第一锥齿轮301啮合，可锁止机构11通过可锁止第二锥齿轮302而实现对第一级太阳轮16和第二级行星架7连接轴的可锁止和调速。The rotation speed control mechanism comprises a bevel gear mechanism and a lockable mechanism 11. The input end and the output end of the rotation speed control mechanism are shifted by a bevel gear transmission, and the output end bevel gear of the rotation speed control mechanism is connected to the first stage sun gear 16 and the second stage. On the connecting shaft of the carrier 7, the gear shaft of the input end bevel gear of the rotation speed control mechanism is connected with the speed regulating motor; the rotation speed control mechanism realizes the connection of the first stage sun gear 16 and the second stage planet carrier 7 through the lockable mechanism 11. The shaft can be locked. In this embodiment, the first bevel gear 301 is an output end bevel gear connected to the connecting shaft of the first stage sun gear 16 and the second stage planet carrier 7, the second bevel gear 302 is an input end bevel gear, and the second cone The gear shaft of the gear 302 is connected to the speed regulating motor, the second bevel gear 302 meshes with the first bevel gear 301, and the lockable mechanism 11 realizes the first stage sun gear 16 and the second by locking the second bevel gear 302. The stage carrier 7 is connected to the shaft for locking and speed regulation.

第一级太阳轮16与第二级行星架7的连接方式为键连接、销连接、螺纹连接、膨胀套或花键连接。The connection between the first stage sun gear 16 and the second stage planet carrier 7 is a key connection, a pin connection, a screw connection, and an expansion Expansion sleeve or spline connection.

当输入转速一定时，调整一个传动件的转速后，另一个传动件的转速自动调整；由于调速电机可以无级调速，所以另一个传动件的转速也自动调整，并一定是无级变速；使得第二级行星机构有两个无级变速的输入；在转速控制机构的控制下，实现转速的调整和功率的分配平衡，从而达到第二级行星机构输出的无级变速传动目的。 When the input speed is constant, after adjusting the speed of one transmission member, the speed of the other transmission member is automatically adjusted; since the speed regulating motor can be steplessly regulated, the speed of the other transmission member is also automatically adjusted, and must be continuously variable. The second stage planetary mechanism has two input of continuously variable transmission; under the control of the speed control mechanism, the speed adjustment and the power distribution balance are realized, thereby achieving the purpose of the stepless speed change transmission of the second stage planetary mechanism output.

运动学分析：Kinematics analysis:

动力学分析：kinetics analysis:

初始状态，转速控制机构不工作，由于转速控制机构的可锁止机构11锁止第一级太阳轮16和第二级行星架7连接轴，使得第一级太阳轮16和第二级行星架7锁死，即n_a1＝n_h2＝0，动力传递只有由第一级内齿轮14(输入)——第一级行星架15——第二级太阳轮10——第二级内齿轮8(输出)，变速器处于两级减速大扭矩低速工作状态。第二级内齿轮8的输出旋转方向与输入第一级内齿轮14的方向相反，此时前两级行星机构各部件的具体转向如图8(a)所示。 In the initial state, the speed control mechanism does not work, because the lockable mechanism 11 of the speed control mechanism locks the first stage sun gear 16 and the second stage planet carrier 7 to connect the shaft, so that the first stage sun gear 16 and the second stage planet carrier 7 lock, ie n _a1 =n _h2 =0, the power transmission is only by the first stage internal gear 14 (input) - the first stage planet carrier 15 - the second stage sun gear 10 - the second stage internal gear 8 (Output), the transmission is in two-stage deceleration, high torque and low speed operation. The output rotation direction of the second stage internal gear 8 is opposite to the direction of the input first stage internal gear 14, and the specific turning of the components of the first two stages of the planetary mechanism is as shown in Fig. 8(a).

当转速控制机构工作时，转速控制机构的可锁止机构11解除对第一级太阳轮16和第二级行星架7连接轴的锁止，此时动力传递有两条路径合成：由在转速控制机构的控制下，随着第一级太阳轮16——第二级行星架7控制转速的逐步提高，第一级行星架15——第二级太阳轮10传动转速逐步降低；随着第一级太阳轮16——第二级行星架7控制转速的逐步降低，第一级行星架15——第二级太阳轮10传动转速逐步提高。输出为两条路径合成的转速和扭矩，变速器处于叠加运动轮系的传动状态。当第一级太阳轮16——第二级行星架7转速发生变化，使得第一级行星架15——第二级太阳轮10转速发生差动调速，从而使变速器处于无级变速。由于第一级太阳轮16——第二级行星架7输出转速的旋转方向与输入第一级内齿轮14方向相反，和第二级内齿轮8的输出旋向相同，从而实现第二级内齿轮8的输出无级变速和超速功能，此时前两级行星机构各部件的具体转向如图8(b)所示。When the speed control mechanism is in operation, the lockable mechanism 11 of the speed control mechanism releases the locking of the connecting shaft of the first stage sun gear 16 and the second stage planet carrier 7, and at this time, the power transmission has two paths synthesized: Under the control of the control mechanism, as the first-stage sun gear 16 - the second-stage planet carrier 7 controls the rotational speed, the rotational speed of the first-stage carrier 15 - the second-stage sun gear 10 is gradually reduced; The first-stage sun gear 16 - the second-stage planet carrier 7 controls the gradual reduction of the rotational speed, and the first-stage carrier 15 - the second-stage sun gear 10 is gradually increased in rotational speed. The output is the combined speed and torque of the two paths, and the transmission is in the transmission state of the superimposed moving train. When the first-stage sun gear 16 - the second-stage carrier 7 rotates, the first-stage carrier 15 - the second-stage sun gear 10 rotates at a differential speed, thereby causing the transmission to be continuously variable. Since the rotation direction of the output speed of the first stage sun gear 16 - the second stage carrier 7 is opposite to the direction of the input first stage internal gear 14, and the output direction of the second stage internal gear 8 is the same, thereby realizing the second stage The output of the gear 8 is steplessly variable and overspeed. At this time, the specific turning of the components of the first two stages of the planetary mechanism is as shown in Fig. 8(b).

当然，转速控制机构的输入端和输出端齿轮的设置不局限于本实施例，凡是通过锥齿轮机构实现转速控制机构的输入端和输出端的变速以及通过可锁止机构11对第一级太阳轮16和第二级行星架7连接轴的可锁止的设计，均落入本申请的保护范围。Of course, the setting of the input end and the output end gear of the rotational speed control mechanism is not limited to the embodiment, and the shifting of the input end and the output end of the rotational speed control mechanism by the bevel gear mechanism and the first stage sun gear by the lockable mechanism 11 are generally not limited. The lockable design of the connecting shaft of the 16 and the second stage carrier 7 is within the scope of protection of the present application.

实施例6Example 6

结合图6(a)和图6(b)，为满足汽车变速器的使用要求，本发明的差动调速行星齿轮无级变速器在实施例1或实施例2或实施例3或实施例4或实施例5的基础上，还设有第三级行星机构、离合器13和可锁止机构11，第三级行星机构包括第三级太阳轮23、第三级行星轮24、第三级行星架12和第三级内齿轮25，第三级太阳轮23与第二级内齿轮8连接，使变速器包括第一级行星机构、转速控制机构、第二级行星机构、离合器、可锁止机构11和第三级行星机构等六个部分，每一级行星机构均设有支撑该级内齿轮与壳体1旋转的第一轴承组2、支撑该级行星轮与行星架连接的小轴3和支撑该级行星轮与小轴3旋转的第二轴承组4。支撑架22连接壳体1，用于支撑行各级星机构的输出轴。本实施例在实施例2的基础上设置第三级行星机构、离合器13和可锁止机构11。6(a) and 6(b), in order to meet the use requirements of the automotive transmission, the differential speed planetary gear continuously variable transmission of the present invention is in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 or Embodiment 3 or Embodiment 4 or On the basis of Embodiment 5, there is also a third Stage planetary mechanism, clutch 13 and lockable mechanism 11, third stage planetary mechanism including third stage sun gear 23, third stage planetary gear 24, third stage planet carrier 12 and third stage internal gear 25, third stage The sun gear 23 is coupled to the second stage internal gear 8, and the transmission includes six parts of a first stage planetary mechanism, a rotational speed control mechanism, a second stage planetary mechanism, a clutch, a lockable mechanism 11, and a third stage planetary mechanism, each of which The first-stage planetary mechanism is provided with a first bearing set 2 for supporting the rotation of the internal gear of the stage and the housing 1, a small shaft 3 supporting the planetary gear of the stage and a carrier, and a rotating shaft supporting the planetary gear and the small shaft 3 of the stage. Two bearing sets 4. The support frame 22 is connected to the housing 1 for supporting the output shafts of the rows of star mechanisms. In the present embodiment, the third-stage planetary mechanism, the clutch 13, and the lockable mechanism 11 are provided on the basis of the second embodiment.

第三级行星架12一体设计有离合器13和可锁止机构11，实现变速器的前进档、空档和倒档功能。The third stage carrier 12 is integrally designed with a clutch 13 and a lockable mechanism 11 for implementing the forward, neutral and reverse functions of the transmission.

第三级内齿轮25包括输出轴和内齿圈，输出轴和内齿圈为一体式连接或分体式连接。The third stage internal gear 25 includes an output shaft and an internal ring gear, and the output shaft and the ring gear are integrally connected or separated.

输出轴和内齿圈的分体式连接方式为花键连接、键连接、螺栓连接、膨胀套或销连接。The split connection of the output shaft and the ring gear is a spline connection, a key connection, a bolt connection, an expansion sleeve or a pin connection.

动力由第二级行星机构的输出件第二级内齿轮8通过第三级太阳轮23输入第三级行星机构，本实施例中，第三级行星架12一体设计有离合器13和可锁止机构11，实现变速器的空档、倒档和前进档功能，这样有如下三种工作状态：The power is input to the third-stage planetary mechanism through the third-stage inner gear 8 of the second-stage inner gear 8 of the second-stage planetary mechanism. In the present embodiment, the third-stage carrier 12 is integrally designed with the clutch 13 and lockable. The mechanism 11 realizes the neutral, reverse and forward gear functions of the transmission, and thus has the following three working states:

当离合器和可锁止机构11均不工作的情况下，动力输入，由于第三级行星轮24空转，第三级内齿轮25没有输出，变速器处于空档状态，此时第三级行星机构各部件具体转向如图9(a)所示；When both the clutch and the lockable mechanism 11 are inoperative, the power input, since the third stage planetary gear 24 is idling, the third stage internal gear 25 has no output, and the transmission is in a neutral state, and the third stage planetary mechanism is The specific turning of the components is shown in Figure 9(a);

当离合器不工作，制动器工作时，n_h3＝0；动力输入，第三级内齿轮25减速反转，即第三级内齿轮25的旋转方向与第二级内齿轮8的旋转方向相反，转速控制机构控制变速器处于变速倒档工作状态，此时第三级行星机构各部件具体转向如图9(b)所示；When the clutch is not working, when the brake is working, n _h3 =0; power input, the third-stage internal gear 25 is decelerated and reversed, that is, the rotation direction of the third-stage internal gear 25 is opposite to the rotation direction of the second-stage internal gear 8 The control mechanism controls the transmission to be in the shift reverse working state, and at this time, the components of the third-stage planetary mechanism are specifically turned as shown in FIG. 9(b);

当离合器工作，可锁止机构11不工作时，第三级行星机构自锁，第三级内齿轮25输出即为第二级内齿轮8的输出，即第三级内齿轮25的旋转方向与第二级内齿轮8的旋转方向相同，转速控制机构控制变速器处于变速前进档工作状态，此时第三级行星机构各部件具体转向如图9(c)所示。When the clutch is working and the lockable mechanism 11 is not working, the third-stage planetary mechanism is self-locking, and the output of the third-stage internal gear 25 is For the output of the second stage internal gear 8, that is, the rotation direction of the third stage internal gear 25 is the same as the rotation direction of the second stage internal gear 8, the rotation speed control mechanism controls the transmission to be in the shift forward position, and the third stage planet The specific components of the mechanism are specifically turned as shown in Figure 9(c).

当然，本实施例仅仅是在实施例2的基础上设置第三级行星机构、离合器13和可锁止机构11来实现车用变速器的功能，需要指出的是，在实施例1或实施例3或实施例4或实施例5或前述实施例的相似或等同结构设计的基础上设置第三级行星机构、离合器13和可锁止机构11的设计，均落入本申请的保护范围。 Of course, the present embodiment merely provides the third-stage planetary mechanism, the clutch 13 and the lockable mechanism 11 on the basis of the second embodiment to realize the function of the vehicle transmission. It should be noted that in the first embodiment or the third embodiment The design of the third stage planetary mechanism, the clutch 13 and the lockable mechanism 11 based on the design of the similar or equivalent structure of the embodiment 4 or the embodiment 5 or the foregoing embodiment is all within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

一种差动调速行星齿轮无级变速器，其特征在于：由两级行星机构串联组成差动轮系，第一级行星机构包括第一级内齿轮(14)、第一级太阳轮(16)、第一级行星轮(17)和第一级行星架(15)，第一级内齿轮(14)与输入轴连接为输入，第一级太阳轮(16)和第一级行星架(15)为输出；第二级行星机构包括第二级太阳轮(10)、第二级行星轮(9)、第二级行星架(7)和第二级内齿轮(8)；第一级行星架(15)和第二级太阳轮(10)连接，第一级太阳轮(16)和第二级行星架(7)连接；第二级内齿轮(8)与输出轴连接为输出。A differential speed planetary gear continuously variable transmission, characterized in that: a differential gear train is composed of a two-stage planetary mechanism in series, and the first-stage planetary mechanism comprises a first-stage internal gear (14) and a first-stage sun gear (16) ), the first stage planetary gear (17) and the first stage planet carrier (15), the first stage internal gear (14) is connected to the input shaft as an input, the first stage sun gear (16) and the first stage planet carrier ( 15) is an output; the second stage planetary mechanism comprises a second stage sun gear (10), a second stage planetary gear (9), a second stage planet carrier (7) and a second stage internal gear (8); The planet carrier (15) is coupled to the second stage sun gear (10), the first stage sun gear (16) is coupled to the second stage planet carrier (7), and the second stage internal gear (8) is coupled to the output shaft as an output.
根据权利要求1所述的差动调速行星齿轮无级变速器，其特征在于：所述第一级行星机构和第二级行星机构间设有转速控制机构，所述转速控制机构包括输入端和输出端，输入端连接调速电机，输出端连接在第一级太阳轮(16)和第二级行星架(7)的连接轴上，所述转速控制机构的输入端和输出端之间设有变速机构，通过变速机构使调速电机转速在合适范围内；通过与输入端连接的调速电机来控制转速控制机构无级变速；通过可锁止机构锁止第一级太阳轮(16)和第二级行星架(7)连接轴的转速，阻隔循环功率流并调速，从而实现无级变速以及最大扭矩输出和最高转速输出的变化和功率平衡。The differential speed planetary gear continuously variable transmission according to claim 1, wherein a rotation speed control mechanism is provided between the first stage planetary mechanism and the second stage planetary mechanism, and the rotation speed control mechanism includes an input end and The output end is connected to the speed regulating motor, and the output end is connected to the connecting shaft of the first stage sun gear (16) and the second stage planet carrier (7), and the input end and the output end of the speed control mechanism are arranged There is a shifting mechanism, and the speed of the speed regulating motor is in a suitable range by the shifting mechanism; the speed control motor connected to the input end is used to control the stepless speed change of the speed control mechanism; and the first stage sun gear is locked by the lockable mechanism (16) The speed of the shaft is connected to the second-stage planet carrier (7), which blocks the circulating power flow and regulates the speed, thus achieving the stepless shifting and the change and power balance of the maximum torque output and the maximum speed output.
根据权利要求2所述的差动调速行星齿轮无级变速器，其特征在于：所述转速控制机构通过行星机构和蜗轮付机构，或齿轮机构和可锁止机构，或链轮机构和可锁止机构，或齿轮带机构和可锁止机构连接其输入端和输出端。A differential speed control planetary gear continuously variable transmission according to claim 2, wherein said rotation speed control mechanism passes through a planetary mechanism and a worm gear mechanism, or a gear mechanism and a lockable mechanism, or a sprocket mechanism and lockable The stop mechanism, or the gear belt mechanism and the lockable mechanism are connected to the input end and the output end.
根据权利要求3所述的差动调速行星齿轮无级变速器，其特征在于：所述转速控制机构包括转速控制机构第一级行星机构、转速控制机构第二级行星机构和蜗轮付机构，所述蜗轮付机构包括蜗杆(5)、蜗轮(6)和蜗杆轴承座；所述转速控制机构第一级行星机构包括转速控制机构第一级太阳轮(27)、转速控制机构第一级行星轮(28)、转速控制机构第一级行星架(29)和固定内齿圈(20)，所述转速控制机构第一级太阳轮(27)连接在第一级太阳轮(16)和第二级行星架(7)的连接轴上，所述转速控制机构第一级行星轮(28)与所述固定内齿圈(20)啮合；所述转速控制机构第二级行星机构包括转速控制机构第二级太阳轮(30)、转速控制机构第二级行星轮(31)、转速控制机构第二级行星架(32)和固定内齿圈(20)，所述转速控制机构第二级太阳轮(30)连接在第一级太阳轮(16)和第二级行星架(7)的连接轴上，所述转速控制机构第二级行星轮(31)与所述固定内齿圈(20)啮合；所述转速控制机构第一级行星架(29)与所述转速控制机构第二级太阳轮(30)连接，所述蜗轮(6)与所述转速控制机构第二级行星架(32)连接为一体，套装在第一级太阳轮(16)和第二级行星架(7)的连接轴上。A differential speed governing planetary gear continuously variable transmission according to claim 3, wherein said rotation speed control mechanism comprises a first stage planetary mechanism of a rotational speed control mechanism, a second stage planetary mechanism of a rotational speed control mechanism, and a worm gear mechanism; The worm wheel mechanism comprises a worm (5), a worm wheel (6) and a worm bearing seat; the first stage planetary mechanism of the speed control mechanism comprises a first stage sun gear (27) of a speed control mechanism, and a first stage planetary gear of a speed control mechanism (28) a rotation speed control mechanism first stage carrier (29) and a fixed ring gear (20), wherein the first stage sun gear (27) of the rotation speed control mechanism is connected to the first stage sun gear (16) and the second On the connecting shaft of the stage carrier (7), the first stage planetary gear (28) of the rotational speed control mechanism meshes with the fixed ring gear (20); the second stage planetary mechanism of the rotational speed control mechanism includes a rotational speed control mechanism second level The sun gear (30), the second stage planetary gear (31) of the rotational speed control mechanism, the second stage planetary carrier (32) of the rotational speed control mechanism, and the fixed inner ring gear (20), the second stage sun gear of the rotational speed control mechanism (30) Connected to the connecting shaft of the first stage sun gear (16) and the second stage planet carrier (7), the second stage planetary gear (31) of the rotational speed control mechanism meshes with the fixed inner ring gear (20); The first stage carrier (29) of the rotational speed control mechanism is coupled to the second stage sun gear (30) of the rotational speed control mechanism, and the worm gear (6) is coupled to the second stage carrier (32) of the rotational speed control mechanism In one piece, it is fitted on the connecting shaft of the first stage sun gear (16) and the second stage planet carrier (7).
根据权利要求4所述的差动调速行星齿轮无级变速器，其特征在于：所述固定内齿圈(20)和所述蜗杆轴承座固定在变速器的壳体(1)，所述蜗杆(5)上连有调速电机。A differential speed planetary gear continuously variable transmission according to claim 4, wherein said fixed ring gear (20) and said worm bearing housing are fixed to a casing (1) of said transmission, said worm ( 5) There is a speed control motor connected to it.
根据权利要求4所述的差动调速行星齿轮无级变速器，其特征在于：所述转速控制机构第一级行星轮(28)和所述转速控制机构第二级行星轮(31)啮合同一固定内齿圈(20)。A differential speed planetary gear continuously variable transmission according to claim 4, wherein said first stage planetary gear (28) of said rotational speed control mechanism and said second stage planetary gear (31) of said rotational speed control mechanism are meshed Secure the ring gear (20).
根据权利要求4所述的差动调速行星齿轮无级变速器，其特征在于：所述转速控制机构第一级行星机构和所述第一级行星机构可以共用同一太阳轮，即所述转速控制机构第一级行星轮(28)与所述第一级太阳轮(16)啮合。The differential speed governing planetary gear continuously variable transmission according to claim 4, wherein said first speed planetary mechanism of said rotational speed control mechanism and said first planetary mechanism share the same sun gear, that is, said rotational speed control The first stage planetary gear (28) of the mechanism meshes with the first stage sun gear (16).
根据权利要求4所述的差动调速行星齿轮无级变速器，其特征在于：所述转速控制机构第一级行星架(29)与所述转速控制机构第二级太阳轮(30)的连接方式为键连接、销连接、螺纹连接、膨胀套或花键连接。The differential speed governing planetary gear continuously variable transmission according to claim 4, characterized in that: the connection of the first stage carrier (29) of the rotational speed control mechanism and the second stage sun gear (30) of the rotational speed control mechanism The method is a key connection, a pin connection, a screw connection, an expansion sleeve or a spline connection.
根据权利要求3所述的差动调速行星齿轮无级变速器，其特征在于：所述转速控制机构包括蜗轮付机构和行星机构，所述蜗轮付机构包括蜗杆(5)、蜗轮(6)和蜗杆轴承座，所述行星机构包括转速控制机构太阳轮(26)、大行星轮(19)、小行星轮(21)、连接轴、行星架和固定内齿圈(20)或固定外齿轮(33)，大行星轮(19)和小行星轮(21)由连接轴连接，安装在行星架上；大行星轮(19)与转速控制机构太阳轮(26)啮合；小行星轮(21)与固定内齿圈(20)或固定外齿轮(33)啮合，所述转速控制机构太阳轮(26)连接在第一级太阳轮(16)和第二级行星架(7)的连接轴上，所述蜗轮(6)与所述行星机构的行星架连接为一体，套装在第一级太阳轮(16)和第二级行星架(7)的连接轴上。A differential speed planetary gear continuously variable transmission according to claim 3, wherein said rotational speed control mechanism comprises a worm gear mechanism and a planetary mechanism, and said worm gear mechanism comprises a worm (5), a worm wheel (6), and a worm bearing housing, the planetary mechanism comprising a rotational speed control mechanism sun gear (26), a large planetary gear (19), a small planet gear (21), a connecting shaft, a planet carrier and a fixed ring gear (20) or a fixed external gear ( 33), the large planet wheel (19) and the asteroid wheel (21) are connected by a connecting shaft and mounted on the planet carrier; the large planet wheel (19) is meshed with the speed control mechanism sun gear (26); the asteroid wheel (21) Engaged with a fixed ring gear (20) or a fixed external gear (33), the speed control mechanism sun gear (26) is coupled to the connecting shaft of the first stage sun gear (16) and the second stage planet carrier (7) , the worm wheel (6) and the row of the planetary mechanism The star frame is connected in one piece and is placed on the connecting shaft of the first stage sun gear (16) and the second stage planet carrier (7).
根据权利要求9所述的差动调速行星齿轮无级变速器，其特征在于：所述固定内齿圈(20)或固定外齿轮(33)和所述蜗杆轴承座固定在变速器的壳体(1)，所述蜗杆(5)上连有调速电机。The differential speed planetary gear continuously variable transmission according to claim 9, wherein the fixed ring gear (20) or the fixed external gear (33) and the worm bearing housing are fixed to a casing of the transmission ( 1) A speed regulating motor is connected to the worm (5).
根据权利要求9所述的差动调速行星齿轮无级变速器，其特征在于：所述转速控制机构的行星机构和所述第一级行星机构可以共用同一太阳轮，即所述行星机构的大行星轮(19)与所述第一级太阳轮(16)啮合。The differential speed planetary gear continuously variable transmission according to claim 9, wherein the planetary mechanism of the rotational speed control mechanism and the first stage planetary mechanism can share the same sun gear, that is, the planetary mechanism is large The planet gear (19) meshes with the first stage sun gear (16).
根据权利要求3所述的差动调速行星齿轮无级变速器，其特征在于：所述转速控制机构包括齿轮机构和可锁止机构(11)，所述转速控制机构的输入端和输出端通过齿轮传动实现变速，所述转速控制机构的输出端齿轮连接在第一级太阳轮(16)和第二级行星架(7)的连接轴上，所述转速控制机构的输入端齿轮的齿轮轴与所述调速电机连接；所述转速控制机构通过所述可锁止机构(11)实现对第一级太阳轮(16)和第二级行星架(7)连接轴的可锁止和调速。The differential speed control planetary gear continuously variable transmission according to claim 3, wherein the rotation speed control mechanism comprises a gear mechanism and a lockable mechanism (11), and the input end and the output end of the rotation speed control mechanism pass The gear transmission realizes the shifting, and the output end gear of the speed control mechanism is connected to the connecting shaft of the first stage sun gear (16) and the second stage planet carrier (7), and the gear shaft of the input end gear of the speed control mechanism Connected to the speed regulating motor; the speed control mechanism realizes lockable and adjustable connection of the connecting shafts of the first stage sun gear (16) and the second stage planet carrier (7) by the lockable mechanism (11) speed.
根据权利要求3所述的差动调速行星齿轮无级变速器，其特征在于：所述转速控制机构包括大齿轮(202)、小齿轮(201)、齿轮带和可锁止机构(11)，所述大齿轮(202)的齿轮轴与所述调速电机连接，所述小齿轮(201)连接在第一级太阳轮(16)和第二级行星架(7)的连接轴上，所述大齿轮(202)和小齿轮(201)通过所述齿轮带连接；所述转速控制机构通过所述可锁止机构(11)实现对第一级太阳轮(16)和第二级行星架(7)连接轴的可锁止和调速。The differential speed control planetary gear continuously variable transmission according to claim 3, wherein the rotation speed control mechanism comprises a large gear (202), a pinion gear (201), a gear belt, and a lockable mechanism (11). a gear shaft of the large gear (202) is coupled to the speed control motor, and the pinion gear (201) is coupled to a connecting shaft of the first stage sun gear (16) and the second stage planet carrier (7). The large gear (202) and the pinion gear (201) are connected by the gear belt; the speed control mechanism realizes the first stage sun gear (16) and the second stage planet carrier by the lockable mechanism (11) (7) The lockable and adjustable speed of the connecting shaft.
根据权利要求3所述的差动调速行星齿轮无级变速器，其特征在于：所述转速控制机构包括大链轮、小链轮、链和可锁止机构(11)，所述大链轮的链轮轴与所述调速电机连接，所述小链轮连接在第一级太阳轮(16)和第二级行星架(7)的连接轴上，所述大链轮和小链轮通过所述链连接；所述转速控制机构通过所述可锁止机构(11)实现对第一级太阳轮 (16)和第二级行星架(7)连接轴的可锁止和调速。A differential speed control planetary gear continuously variable transmission according to claim 3, wherein said rotation speed control mechanism comprises a large sprocket, a small sprocket, a chain and a lockable mechanism (11), said large sprocket a sprocket shaft coupled to the speed control motor, the small sprocket being coupled to a connecting shaft of the first stage sun gear (16) and the second stage planet carrier (7), the large sprocket and the small sprocket passing The chain connection; the speed control mechanism realizes the first stage sun gear by the lockable mechanism (11) (16) Lockable and adjustable speed of the connecting shaft of the second-stage carrier (7).
根据权利要求3所述的差动调速行星齿轮无级变速器，其特征在于：所述转速控制机构包括锥齿轮机构和可锁止机构(11)，所述转速控制机构的输入端和输出端通过锥齿轮传动实现变速，所述转速控制机构的输出端锥齿轮连接在第一级太阳轮(16)和第二级行星架(7)的连接轴上，所述转速控制机构的输入端锥齿轮的齿轮轴与所述调速电机连接；所述转速控制机构通过所述可锁止机构(11)实现对第一级太阳轮(16)和第二级行星架(7)连接轴的可锁止和调速。The differential speed control planetary gear continuously variable transmission according to claim 3, wherein the rotation speed control mechanism comprises a bevel gear mechanism and a lockable mechanism (11), and an input end and an output end of the rotation speed control mechanism The shifting is realized by a bevel gear transmission, and the output bevel gear of the speed control mechanism is connected to the connecting shaft of the first stage sun gear (16) and the second stage planet carrier (7), and the input end cone of the speed control mechanism a gear shaft of the gear is connected to the speed regulating motor; the speed control mechanism realizes connection between the first stage sun gear (16) and the second stage planet carrier (7) through the lockable mechanism (11) Locking and speed regulation.
根据权利要求1所述的差动调速行星齿轮无级变速器，其特征在于：所述第一级行星架(15)和所述第二级太阳轮(10)的连接方式为键连接、销连接、螺纹连接、膨胀套或花键连接。The differential speed planetary gear continuously variable transmission according to claim 1, wherein the first stage carrier (15) and the second stage sun wheel (10) are connected by a key connection and a pin. Connection, threaded connection, expansion sleeve or spline connection.
根据权利要求1所述的差动调速行星齿轮无级变速器，其特征在于：所述第一级太阳轮(16)与所述第二级行星架(7)的连接方式为键连接、销连接、螺纹连接、膨胀套或花键连接。The differential speed planetary gear continuously variable transmission according to claim 1, wherein the first stage sun gear (16) and the second stage planet carrier (7) are connected by a key connection and a pin. Connection, threaded connection, expansion sleeve or spline connection.
根据权利要求1所述的差动调速行星齿轮无级变速器，其特征在于：所述第一级内齿轮(14)包括输入轴和内齿圈，所述第二级内齿轮(8)包括输出轴和内齿圈，所述输入轴和内齿圈、输出轴和内齿圈为一体式连接或分体式连接。A differential speed planetary gear continuously variable transmission according to claim 1, wherein said first stage internal gear (14) comprises an input shaft and an internal ring gear, and said second stage internal gear (8) comprises An output shaft and an inner ring gear, the input shaft and the inner ring gear, the output shaft and the inner ring gear are integrally connected or separated.
根据权利要求18所述的差动调速行星齿轮无级变速器，其特征在于：所述输入轴和内齿圈、输出轴和内齿圈的分体式连接方式为花键连接、键连接、螺栓连接、膨胀套或销连接。The differential speed planetary gear continuously variable transmission according to claim 18, wherein the input shaft and the split ring of the inner ring gear, the output shaft and the inner ring gear are splined, keyed, and bolted. Connection, expansion sleeve or pin connection.
根据权利要求1-19中任一项所述的差动调速行星齿轮无级变速器，其特征在于：还设有第三级行星机构、离合器(13)和可锁止机构(11)，所述第三级行星机构包括第三级太阳轮(23)、第三级行星轮(24)、第三级行星架(12)和第三级内齿轮(25)，所述第三级太阳轮(23)与所述第二级内齿轮(8)连接。 The differential speed-regulating planetary gear continuously variable transmission according to any one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that: a third-stage planetary mechanism, a clutch (13) and a lockable mechanism (11) are further provided. The third-stage planetary mechanism includes a third-stage sun gear (23), a third-stage planetary gear (24), a third-stage planetary carrier (12), and a third-stage internal gear (25), the third-stage sun gear (23) is connected to the second stage internal gear (8).
根据权利要求20所述的差动调速行星齿轮无级变速器，其特征在于：所述第三级行星架(12)一体设计有离合器(13)和可锁止机构(11)，实现变速器的前进档、空档和倒档功能。The differential speed planetary gear continuously variable transmission according to claim 20, wherein the third stage carrier (12) is integrally designed with a clutch (13) and a lockable mechanism (11) for realizing the transmission. Forward, neutral and reverse functions.
根据权利要求20所述的差动调速行星齿轮无级变速器，其特征在于：所述第三级内齿轮(25)包括输出轴和内齿圈，所述输出轴和内齿圈为一体式连接或分体式连接。A differential speed planetary gear continuously variable transmission according to claim 20, wherein said third stage internal gear (25) includes an output shaft and an internal ring gear, and said output shaft and said ring gear are integrated Connected or split connection.
根据权利要求22所述的差动调速行星齿轮无级变速器，其特征在于：所述输出轴和内齿圈的分体式连接方式为花键连接、键连接、螺栓连接、膨胀套或销连接。 The differential speed planetary gear continuously variable transmission according to claim 22, wherein the split connection manner of the output shaft and the ring gear is a spline connection, a key connection, a bolt connection, an expansion sleeve or a pin connection. .