WO2016161647A1

WO2016161647A1 - Base station cell access method and terminal, and base station

Info

Publication number: WO2016161647A1
Application number: PCT/CN2015/076360
Authority: WO
Inventors: 余西西; 杨晖
Original assignee: 华为技术有限公司
Priority date: 2015-04-10
Filing date: 2015-04-10
Publication date: 2016-10-13

Abstract

Disclosed are a base station cell access method and terminal, and base station. The method comprises: receiving, by a terminal, system broadcast information and downlink control information (DCI) transmitted by a base station, wherein the system broadcast information carries a busy index of a cell served by the base station, and the DCI carries a congestion index of each of random access channels (RACHs) of the cell; acquiring, by the terminal and according to a priority level of a service currently required to be initiated, a priority level index of the service; calculating, by the terminal and according to the priority level index of the service, the busy index of the cell and the congestion index of each of the RACHs, probabilities of the terminal accessing the cell via each of the RACHs; selecting, by the terminal and according to the probabilities of the terminal accessing the cell via each of the RACHs, a RACH by which to perform access; and transmitting, by the terminal and via the selected RACH, a cell access request to the base station. The present invention ensures that a terminal having a higher service priority level has a higher probability of accessing a cell of a base station.

Description

一种接入基站小区的方法、终端及基站Method, terminal and base station for accessing base station cell

技术领域Technical field

本发明涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种接入基站小区的方法、终端及基站。The present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a method, a terminal, and a base station for accessing a base station cell.

背景技术Background technique

随着物联网设备的广泛部署和使用，物联网和移动通信网络相结合已经成为必然的趋势，其中，长期演进-机器对机器(Long Term Evolution-Machine To Machine，LTE-M2M)***即为其中的代表。在物联网中，当终端有上行业务的需求时，需要通过随机接入信道(Random Access Channel，RACH)向基站的小区发送随机接入的请求，在成功接入基站的小区后，终端请求基站为终端分配上行业务所需要的资源。With the widespread deployment and use of IoT devices, the combination of IoT and mobile communication networks has become an inevitable trend. Among them, the Long Term Evolution-Machine To Machine (LTE-M2M) system is one of them. representative. In the Internet of Things, when the terminal has the requirement of the uplink service, the random access channel (RACH) needs to send a random access request to the cell of the base station. After successfully accessing the cell of the base station, the terminal requests the base station. Allocate the resources required for the uplink service to the terminal.

现有技术的随机接入过程是基站向终端广播下行控制信息(Downlink Control Information，DCI)，由于一个小区通常配置多个RACH，因此DCI中携带着该小区的多个RACH的配置信息。当终端需要发起上行业务时，则接收基站广播的DCI，在DCI中随机选取一个RACH，并随机选择该RACH中的分配单元(RACH Allocation unit)，通过选择的分配单元向基站发送随机接入的请求，若终端在分配单元指示的时间内成功接入，则终端能够向基站请求分配上行业务所需要的资源。In the prior art random access procedure, the base station broadcasts Downlink Control Information (DCI) to the terminal. Since one cell is usually configured with multiple RACHs, the DCI carries configuration information of multiple RACHs of the cell. When the terminal needs to initiate the uplink service, the terminal receives the DCI broadcasted by the base station, randomly selects one RACH in the DCI, and randomly selects the RACH Allocation unit in the RACH, and sends the random access to the base station through the selected allocation unit. The request, if the terminal successfully accesses within the time indicated by the allocating unit, the terminal can request the base station to allocate resources required for the uplink service.

然而，在实际的物联网应用中，不同用户发起上行业务请求的紧急程度不同，因此存在业务紧急的终端和业务普通的终端同时发送随机接入请求的情况，而由于终端自身没有区分发起上行业务的紧急程度，因此无法保证业务紧急的终端先于业务普通的终端接入；此外，终端在发起上行业务时，未能获知当前小区的忙闲状态，若在小区较繁忙时依然存在业务紧急的终端和业务普通的终端同时发送随机接入的请求的情况，也无法保证业务紧急的终端先于业务普通的终端接入；再者，当终端随机选择一个RACH发送随机接入的请求时，若该RACH已发生拥塞，也容易导致该终端接入失败。 However, in the actual IoT application, the urgency of initiating the uplink service request by different users is different. Therefore, the terminal with the emergency service and the terminal with the normal service simultaneously send the random access request, and the terminal does not distinguish the originating uplink service. The urgency of the urgency, so that the emergency terminal of the service is not allowed to access the terminal of the service; in addition, when the terminal initiates the uplink service, the terminal is not aware of the busy state of the current cell, and if the cell is busy, the service is still urgent. When the terminal and the service terminal send the request for random access at the same time, the terminal with the emergency service cannot ensure that the terminal with the emergency service accesses the terminal with the normal service; and when the terminal randomly selects a request for the RACH to send the random access, The RACH has been congested and it is easy to cause the terminal to fail to access.

发明内容Summary of the invention

本发明在于提供一种接入基站小区的方法、终端及基站，能够保证业务优先级高的终端以更高的接入概率接入基站的小区。The present invention provides a method, a terminal, and a base station for accessing a base station cell, which can ensure that a terminal with a high service priority accesses a cell of the base station with a higher access probability.

为了解决上述技术问题，本发明第一方面提供了一种接入基站小区的方法，包括：In order to solve the above technical problem, the first aspect of the present invention provides a method for accessing a base station cell, including:

终端接收基站发送的***广播信息以及下行控制信息，所述***广播信息携带所述基站所服务的小区的繁忙指数，所述下行控制信息携带所述小区的各个随机接入信道RACH的拥塞指数；The terminal receives system broadcast information and downlink control information sent by the base station, where the system broadcast information carries a busy index of a cell served by the base station, and the downlink control information carries a congestion index of each random access channel RACH of the cell;

所述终端根据当前需要发起的业务的优先级获取所述业务的优先级指数；The terminal acquires a priority index of the service according to a priority of a service that needs to be initiated currently;

所述终端根据所述业务的优先级指数、所述小区的繁忙指数以及所述各个RACH的拥塞指数计算所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率；And calculating, by the terminal, a probability that the terminal accesses the cell by using each RACH according to a priority index of the service, a busy index of the cell, and a congestion index of each RACH;

所述终端根据所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率选取接入的RACH；The terminal selects an access RACH according to a probability that the terminal accesses the cell by using each RACH;

所述终端通过选取的RACH向所述基站发送接入所述小区的请求。The terminal sends a request for accessing the cell to the base station by using the selected RACH.

结合第一方面的实现方式，在第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述终端根据所述业务的优先级指数、所述小区的繁忙指数以及所述各个RACH的拥塞指数计算所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率，具体包括：In conjunction with the implementation of the first aspect, in a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the terminal calculates, according to a priority index of the service, a busy index of the cell, and a congestion index of each RACH. The probability that the terminal accesses the cell by using the RACH, specifically includes:

所述终端分别为所述业务的优先级指数、所述小区的繁忙指数以及所述各个RACH的拥塞指数分配权重；The terminal respectively assigns a weight to the priority index of the service, the busy index of the cell, and the congestion index of each RACH;

所述终端对分配权重后的所述业务的优先级指数、所述小区的繁忙指数以及所述各个RACH的拥塞指数进行加权运算，得到所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率。The terminal performs a weighting operation on the priority index of the service, the busy index of the cell, and the congestion index of each RACH, to obtain the probability that the terminal accesses the cell through the RACHs. .

结合第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第二种可能的实现方式中，所述终端根据所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率选取接入的RACH，具体包括：With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the terminal selects an access according to a probability that the terminal accesses the cell by using each RACH RACH, specifically includes:

所述终端获取通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的阈值；Obtaining, by the terminal, a threshold for accessing the cell by using each RACH;

所述终端从K个RACH中确定所述选取的RACH，所述K个RACH为所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率大于或等于接入所述小区的阈值所对应的RACH，所述K为正整数。Determining, by the terminal, the selected RACH from the K RACHs, where the probability of the K RACHs being that the terminal accesses the cell by using the RACHs is greater than or equal to accessing the cell The RACH corresponding to the threshold, where K is a positive integer.

结合第一方面的第二种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第三种可能的实现方式中，所述终端从K个RACH中确定所述选取的RACH，具体包括：With reference to the second possible implementation of the first aspect, in a third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the determining, by the terminal, the selected RACH from the K RACHs, specifically includes:

所述终端从所述K个RACH中确定所述终端接入所述小区的概率最大的RACH为所述选取的RACH。Determining, by the terminal, the RACH with the highest probability that the terminal accesses the cell from the K RACHs is the selected RACH.

结合第一方面的第三种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第四种可能的实现方式中，所述终端通过选取的RACH向所述基站发送接入所述小区的请求之前，所述方法还包括：With reference to the third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a fourth possible implementation manner of the foregoing aspect, before the terminal sends a request for accessing the cell to the base station by using the selected RACH, The method also includes:

所述终端根据所述终端通过所述选取的RACH接入所述小区的概率确定所述选取的RACH中能够接入的分配单元；Determining, by the terminal, an allocation unit that can be accessed in the selected RACH according to a probability that the terminal accesses the cell by using the selected RACH;

则所述终端通过选取的RACH向所述基站发送接入所述小区的请求，具体包括：And the sending, by the terminal, the request for accessing the cell to the base station by using the selected RACH, specifically:

所述终端在所述能够接入的分配单元中确定接入的分配单元，并通过所述确定接入的分配单元向所述基站发送接入所述小区的请求。The terminal determines an access allocation unit in the accessable allocation unit, and sends a request for accessing the cell to the base station by using the determining access unit.

结合第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第五种可能的实现方式中，所述小区的繁忙指数和所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站分别在所述***广播信息和所述下行控制信息的预设位置通过增加预设长度的字段指示。With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the busy exponent of the cell and the congestion index of the each RACH are respectively in the system by the base station The preset position of the broadcast information and the downlink control information is indicated by adding a field of a preset length.

结合第一方面的第五种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第六种可能的实现方式中，所述小区的繁忙指数由所述基站根据所述小区的资源的占用比例设定。With reference to the fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a sixth possible implementation manner of the foregoing aspect, the busyness index of the cell is set by the base station according to a proportion of resources of the cell.

结合第一方面的第五种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第七种可能的实现方式中，所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站根据所述基站统计的所述各个RACH的误比特率确定，所述误比特率为所述基站在接收所述终端通过所述各个RACH发送的接入所述小区的请求时所述基站解析所述请求错误而产生的误比特的比例，With reference to the fifth possible implementation manner of the foregoing aspect, in a seventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the congestion index of each RACH is determined by the base station according to the error of each RACH according to the base station Determining, by the bit rate, a ratio of bit errors generated by the base station to parse the request error when the base station receives a request for accessing the cell by using the RACH,

或者，or,

所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站根据所述各个RACH在预设时间段内发生拥塞的次数确定， The congestion index of each RACH is determined by the base station according to the number of times the respective RACHs are congested within a preset time period,

或者，or,

所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站根据所述各个RACH发生拥塞的时间段在所述预设时间段中占有的比例确定。The congestion index of each RACH is determined by the base station according to a proportion occupied by the time period in which the respective RACHs are congested in the preset time period.

本发明第二方面提供一种接入基站小区的方法，包括：A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for accessing a base station cell, including:

基站获取所述基站所服务的小区的繁忙指数以及所述小区的各个随机接入信道RACH的拥塞指数；Obtaining, by the base station, a busy index of a cell served by the base station, and a congestion index of each random access channel RACH of the cell;

所述基站向终端发送***广播信息以及下行控制信息，所述***广播信息携带所述小区的繁忙指数，所述下行控制信息携带所述小区的各个RACH的拥塞指数；The base station sends system broadcast information and downlink control information to the terminal, where the system broadcast information carries a busy index of the cell, and the downlink control information carries a congestion index of each RACH of the cell;

所述基站接收所述终端通过所述终端选取的RACH发送的接入所述小区的请求，所述选取的RACH是由所述终端根据接收的所述小区的繁忙指数、所述各个RACH的拥塞指数以及获取的需要发起的业务的优先级指数计算所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率，再根据所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率确定的。Receiving, by the base station, a request for accessing the cell by using the RACH selected by the terminal, where the selected RACH is received by the terminal according to the busy index of the cell and the congestion of each RACH The index and the obtained priority index of the service to be initiated are calculated by the probability that the terminal accesses the cell through the respective RACH, and then determined according to the probability that the terminal accesses the cell through the respective RACH.

结合第二方面的实现方式，在第二方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述小区的繁忙指数和所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站分别在所述***广播信息和所述下行控制信息的预设位置通过增加预设长度的字段指示。With reference to the implementation of the second aspect, in a first possible implementation manner of the second aspect, a busy exponent of the cell and a congestion index of the respective RACH are broadcast by the base station in the system and the The preset position of the downlink control information is indicated by adding a field of a preset length.

结合第二方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在第二方面的第二种可能的实现方式中，所述小区的繁忙指数由所述基站根据所述小区的资源的占用比例设定。With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the second aspect, in a second possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the busyness index of the cell is set by the base station according to a proportion of resources of the cell.

结合第二方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在第二方面的第三种可能的实现方式中，所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站根据所述基站统计的所述各个RACH的误比特率确定，所述误比特率为所述基站在接收所述终端通过所述各个RACH发送的接入所述小区的请求时所述基站解析所述请求错误而产生的误比特的比例，With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the second aspect, in a third possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the congestion index of each RACH is determined by the base station according to the error of each RACH according to the base station Determining, by the bit rate, a ratio of bit errors generated by the base station to parse the request error when the base station receives a request for accessing the cell by using the RACH,

或者，or,

本发明第三方面提供一种终端，包括：A third aspect of the present invention provides a terminal, including:

接收模块，用于接收基站发送的***广播信息以及下行控制信息，所述***广播信息携带所述基站所服务的小区的繁忙指数，所述下行控制信息携带所述小区的各个随机接入信道RACH的拥塞指数；a receiving module, configured to receive system broadcast information and downlink control information sent by the base station, where the system broadcast information carries a busy index of a cell served by the base station, where the downlink control information carries each random access channel RACH of the cell Congestion index;

获取模块，用于根据当前需要发起的业务的优先级获取所述业务的优先级指数；An obtaining module, configured to acquire a priority index of the service according to a priority of a service that is currently required to be initiated;

计算模块，用于根据所述获取模块获取的所述业务的优先级指数、所述接收模块接收的所述小区的繁忙指数以及所述各个RACH的拥塞指数计算终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率；a calculation module, configured to calculate, according to a priority index of the service acquired by the acquiring module, a busy index of the cell received by the receiving module, and a congestion index of each RACH, by using the RACH access terminal by the terminal The probability of the cell;

选取模块，用于根据所述计算模块计算的所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率选取接入的RACH；a selecting module, configured to select, according to a probability that the terminal calculates, by using the RACH to access the cell, the RACH that is accessed by the computing module;

发送模块，用于通过所述选取模块选取的RACH向所述基站发送接入所述小区的请求。And a sending module, configured to send, by using the RACH selected by the selecting module, a request for accessing the cell to the base station.

结合第三方面的实现方式，在第三方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述计算模块包括：In conjunction with the implementation of the third aspect, in a first possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the calculating module includes:

分配单元，用于分别为所述业务的优先级指数、所述小区的繁忙指数以及所述各个RACH的拥塞指数分配权重；An allocating unit, configured to allocate weights for a priority index of the service, a busy index of the cell, and a congestion index of each RACH, respectively;

运算单元，用于对所述分配单元分配权重后的所述业务的优先级指数、所述小区的繁忙指数以及所述各个RACH的拥塞指数进行加权运算，得到所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率。An operation unit, configured to perform a weighting operation on a priority index of the service after the weighting of the allocation unit, a busy index of the cell, and a congestion index of each RACH, to obtain that the terminal is connected by using each RACH The probability of entering the cell.

结合第三方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在第三方面的第二种可能的实现方式中，所述选取模块包括：In conjunction with the first possible implementation of the third aspect, in a second possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the selecting module includes:

获取单元，用于获取通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的阈值；An acquiring unit, configured to acquire a threshold for accessing the cell by using each RACH;

确定单元，用于从K个RACH中确定所述选取的RACH，所述K个RACH为所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率大于或等于接入所述小区的阈值所对应的RACH，所述K为正整数。a determining unit, configured to determine the selected RACH from the K RACHs, where the probability of the K RACHs being that the terminal accesses the cell by using the respective RACH is greater than or equal to accessing the small The RACH corresponding to the threshold of the zone, the K being a positive integer.

结合第三方面的第二种可能的实现方式，在第三方面的第三种可能的实现方式中，所述确定单元，具体用于：In conjunction with the second possible implementation of the third aspect, in a third possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the determining unit is specifically configured to:

从所述K个RACH中确定所述终端接入所述小区的概率最大的RACH为所述选取模块选取的RACH。Determining, from the K RACHs, the RACH with the highest probability that the terminal accesses the cell is the RACH selected by the selecting module.

结合第三方面的第三种可能的实现方式，在第三方面的第四种可能的实现方式中，所述终端还包括：In conjunction with the third possible implementation of the third aspect, in a fourth possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the terminal further includes:

确定模块，用于根据所述终端通过所述选取模块选取的RACH接入所述小区的概率确定所述选取模块选取的RACH中能够接入的分配单元；a determining module, configured to determine, according to a probability that the RACH that the terminal selects by using the selecting module to access the cell, an allocation unit that can be accessed by the RACH selected by the selecting module;

则所述发送模块，具体用于：The sending module is specifically configured to:

在所述能够接入的分配单元中确定接入的分配单元，并通过所述确定接入的分配单元向所述基站发送接入所述小区的请求。Determining an access allocation unit in the accessable allocation unit, and transmitting, by the allocation unit that determines the access, a request to access the cell to the base station.

结合第三方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在第三方面的第五种可能的实现方式中，所述小区的繁忙指数和所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站分别在所述***广播信息和所述下行控制信息的预设位置通过增加预设长度的字段指示。With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the third aspect, in a fifth possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the busy exponent of the cell and the congestion index of the each RACH are respectively in the system by the base station The preset position of the broadcast information and the downlink control information is indicated by adding a field of a preset length.

结合第三方面的第五种可能的实现方式，在第三方面的第六种可能的实现方式中，所述小区的繁忙指数由所述基站根据所述小区的资源的占用比例设定。With reference to the fifth possible implementation manner of the third aspect, in a sixth possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the busyness index of the cell is set by the base station according to a proportion of resources of the cell.

结合第三方面的第五种可能的实现方式，在第三方面的第七种可能的实现方式中，所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站根据所述基站统计的所述各个RACH的误比特率确定，所述误比特率为所述基站在接收所述终端通过所述各个RACH发送的接入所述小区的请求时所述基站解析所述请求错误而产生的误比特的比例，With reference to the fifth possible implementation manner of the third aspect, in a seventh possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the congestion index of each RACH is determined by the base station according to the error of each RACH according to the base station Determining, by the bit rate, a ratio of bit errors generated by the base station to parse the request error when the base station receives a request for accessing the cell by using the RACH,

或者，or,

所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站根据所述各个RACH在预设时间段内发生拥塞的次数确定，The congestion index of each RACH is determined by the base station according to the number of times the respective RACHs are congested within a preset time period,

或者，or,

所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站根据所述各个RACH发生拥塞的时间段在所述预设时间段中占有的比例确定。The congestion index of each RACH is congested by the base station according to the respective RACHs. The proportion of the time period occupied in the preset time period is determined.

本发明第四方面提供一种终端，包括接收装置、发送装置以及处理器，其中：A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a terminal, including a receiving device, a transmitting device, and a processor, where:

所述接收装置，用于接收基站发送的***广播信息以及下行控制信息，所述***广播信息携带所述基站所服务的小区的繁忙指数，所述下行控制信息携带所述小区的各个随机接入信道RACH的拥塞指数；The receiving device is configured to receive system broadcast information and downlink control information sent by the base station, where the system broadcast information carries a busy index of a cell served by the base station, where the downlink control information carries each random access of the cell Congestion index of channel RACH;

所述处理器，用于根据当前需要发起的业务的优先级获取所述业务的优先级指数；The processor is configured to obtain a priority index of the service according to a priority of a service that is currently required to be initiated;

所述处理器，还用于根据所述业务的优先级指数、所述小区的繁忙指数以及所述各个RACH的拥塞指数计算所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率；The processor is further configured to calculate, according to a priority index of the service, a busy index of the cell, and a congestion index of each RACH, a probability that the terminal accesses the cell by using each RACH;

所述处理器，还用于根据所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率选取接入的RACH；The processor is further configured to select an access RACH according to a probability that the terminal accesses the cell by using each RACH;

所述发送装置，用于通过选取的RACH向所述基站发送接入所述小区的请求。The sending device is configured to send, by using the selected RACH, a request for accessing the cell to the base station.

结合第四方面的实现方式，在第四方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理器根据所述业务的优先级指数、所述小区的繁忙指数以及所述各个RACH的拥塞指数计算所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率，执行如下步骤：With the implementation of the fourth aspect, in a first possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the processor is configured according to a priority index of the service, a busy index of the cell, and a congestion index of each RACH. The probability that the terminal accesses the cell by using each RACH performs the following steps:

所述处理器分别为所述业务的优先级指数、所述小区的繁忙指数以及所述各个RACH的拥塞指数分配权重；The processor allocates weights for a priority index of the service, a busy index of the cell, and a congestion index of each RACH, respectively;

所述处理器对分配权重后的所述业务的优先级指数、所述小区的繁忙指数以及所述各个RACH的拥塞指数进行加权运算，得到所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率。The processor performs a weighting operation on the priority index of the service, the busy index of the cell, and the congestion index of each RACH, to obtain that the terminal accesses the cell through the RACHs. Probability.

结合第四方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在第四方面的第二种可能的实现方式中，所述处理器根据所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率选取接入的RACH，执行如下步骤：With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, in a second possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the processor selects an access according to a probability that the terminal accesses the cell by using each RACH RACH, perform the following steps:

所述接收装置，还用于获取通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的阈值； The receiving device is further configured to acquire a threshold for accessing the cell by using each RACH;

所述处理器从K个RACH中确定所述选取的RACH，所述K个RACH为所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率大于或等于接入所述小区的阈值所对应的RACH，所述K为正整数。Determining, by the processor, the selected RACH from the K RACHs, where the probability of the K RACH accessing the cell by using the RACH is greater than or equal to a threshold for accessing the cell RACH, the K is a positive integer.

结合第四方面的第二种可能的实现方式，在第四方面的第三种可能的实现方式中，所述处理器从所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率大于或等于接入所述小区的阈值所属的RACH中确定所述选取的RACH，执行如下步骤：In conjunction with the second possible implementation of the fourth aspect, in a third possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the probability that the processor accesses the cell from the terminal by using the respective RACH is greater than or equal to Determining the selected RACH in the RACH to which the threshold for accessing the cell belongs, performing the following steps:

所述处理器从所述K个RACH中确定所述终端接入所述小区的概率最大的RACH为所述选取的RACH。The processor determines, from the K RACHs, that the RACH with the highest probability that the terminal accesses the cell is the selected RACH.

结合第四方面的第三种可能的实现方式，在第四方面的第四种可能的实现方式中，所述处理器还执行如下步骤：In conjunction with the third possible implementation of the fourth aspect, in a fourth possible implementation of the fourth aspect, the processor further performs the following steps:

所述处理器根据所述终端通过所述选取的RACH接入所述小区的概率确定所述选取的RACH中能够接入的分配单元；Determining, by the processor, an allocation unit that can be accessed in the selected RACH according to a probability that the terminal accesses the cell by using the selected RACH;

则所述发送装置，还用于在所述能够接入的分配单元中确定接入的分配单元，并通过所述确定接入的分配单元向所述基站发送接入所述小区的请求。And the sending device is further configured to determine, in the access unit that can access, an access unit that is accessed, and send, by using the determining, the accessing unit, a request to access the cell to the base station.

结合第四方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在第四方面的第五种可能的实现方式中，所述小区的繁忙指数和所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站分别在所述***广播信息和所述下行控制信息的预设位置通过增加预设长度的字段指示。With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, in a fifth possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the busy exponent of the cell and the congestion index of the each RACH are respectively in the system by the base station The preset position of the broadcast information and the downlink control information is indicated by adding a field of a preset length.

结合第四方面的第五种可能的实现方式，在第四方面的第六种可能的实现方式中，所述小区的繁忙指数由所述基站根据所述小区的资源的占用比例设定。With reference to the fifth possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, in a sixth possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the busyness index of the cell is set by the base station according to a proportion of resources of the cell.

结合第四方面的第五种可能的实现方式，在第四方面的第七种可能的实现方式中，所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站根据所述基站统计的所述各个RACH的误比特率确定，所述误比特率为所述基站在接收所述终端通过所述各个RACH发送的接入所述小区的请求时所述基站解析所述请求错误而产生的误比特的比例，With reference to the fifth possible implementation manner of the foregoing aspect, in a seventh possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the congestion index of each RACH is determined by the base station according to the error of each RACH according to the base station Determining, by the bit rate, a ratio of bit errors generated by the base station to parse the request error when the base station receives a request for accessing the cell by using the RACH,

或者，or,

所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站根据所述各个RACH在预设时间段内发生拥塞的次数确定，The congestion index of each RACH is determined by the base station according to the respective RACHs at a preset time. The number of congestions in the segment is determined,

或者，or,

本发明第五方面提供一种基站，包括：A fifth aspect of the present invention provides a base station, including:

获取模块，用于获取所述基站所服务的小区的繁忙指数以及所述小区的各个随机接入信道RACH的拥塞指数；An acquiring module, configured to acquire a busy index of a cell served by the base station, and a congestion index of each random access channel RACH of the cell;

发送模块，用于向终端发送***广播信息以及下行控制信息，所述***广播信息携带所述获取模块获取的小区的繁忙指数，所述下行控制信息携带所述小区的各个RACH的拥塞指数；a sending module, configured to send system broadcast information and downlink control information to the terminal, where the system broadcast information carries a busy index of a cell acquired by the acquiring module, where the downlink control information carries a congestion index of each RACH of the cell;

接收模块，用于接收所述终端通过所述终端选取的RACH发送的接入所述小区的请求，所述选取的RACH是由所述终端根据接收的所述小区的繁忙指数、所述各个RACH的拥塞指数以及获取的需要发起的业务的优先级指数计算所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率，再根据所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率确定的。a receiving module, configured to receive, by the terminal, a request for accessing the cell by using a RACH selected by the terminal, where the selected RACH is determined by the terminal according to the received busyness index of the cell, and each RACH The congestion index and the obtained priority index of the service to be initiated are calculated by the probability that the terminal accesses the cell through the RACH, and then determined according to the probability that the terminal accesses the cell through the RACHs. .

结合第五方面的实现方式，在第五方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述小区的繁忙指数和所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站分别在所述***广播信息和所述下行控制信息的预设位置通过增加预设长度的字段指示。With reference to the implementation manner of the fifth aspect, in a first possible implementation manner of the fifth aspect, the busy index of the cell and the congestion index of the each RACH are broadcast by the base station in the system and the The preset position of the downlink control information is indicated by adding a field of a preset length.

结合第五方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在第五方面的第二种可能的实现方式中，所述小区的繁忙指数由所述基站根据所述小区的空口资源的占用比例设定。With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the fifth aspect, in a second possible implementation manner of the fifth aspect, the busyness index of the cell is set by the base station according to an occupation ratio of air interface resources of the cell.

结合第五方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在第五方面的第三种可能的实现方式中，所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站根据所述基站统计的所述各个RACH的误比特率确定，所述误比特率为所述基站在接收所述终端通过所述各个RACH发送的接入所述小区的请求时所述基站解析所述请求错误而产生的误比特的比例，With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the fifth aspect, in a third possible implementation manner of the fifth aspect, the congestion index of each RACH is determined by the base station according to the error of each RACH according to the base station Determining, by the bit rate, a ratio of bit errors generated by the base station to parse the request error when the base station receives a request for accessing the cell by using the RACH,

或者，or,

所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站根据预设时间段内所述各个 RACH发生拥塞的次数确定，The congestion index of each RACH is determined by the base station according to each of the preset time periods. The number of times RACH is congested is determined,

或者，or,

本发明第六方面提供一种基站，包括接收装置、发送装置以及处理器，其中：A sixth aspect of the present invention provides a base station, including a receiving apparatus, a transmitting apparatus, and a processor, where:

所述处理器，用于获取所述基站所服务的小区的繁忙指数以及所述小区的各个随机接入信道RACH的拥塞指数；The processor is configured to acquire a busy index of a cell served by the base station and a congestion index of each random access channel RACH of the cell;

所述发送装置，用于向终端发送***广播信息以及下行控制信息，所述***广播信息携带所述小区的繁忙指数，所述下行控制信息携带所述小区的各个RACH的拥塞指数；The transmitting device is configured to send system broadcast information and downlink control information to the terminal, where the system broadcast information carries a busy index of the cell, and the downlink control information carries a congestion index of each RACH of the cell;

所述接收装置，用于接收所述终端通过所述终端选取的RACH发送的接入所述小区的请求，所述选取的RACH是由所述终端根据接收的所述小区的繁忙指数、所述各个RACH的拥塞指数以及获取的需要发起的业务的优先级指数计算所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率，再根据所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率确定的。The receiving device is configured to receive, by the terminal, a request for accessing the cell by using a RACH selected by the terminal, where the selected RACH is determined by the terminal according to the busy index of the received cell, The congestion index of each RACH and the obtained priority index of the service to be initiated are calculated by the probability that the terminal accesses the cell through the RACH, and then according to the probability that the terminal accesses the cell through the RACH definite.

结合第六方面的实现方式，在第六方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述小区的繁忙指数和所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述处理器分别在所述***广播信息和所述下行控制信息的预设位置通过增加预设长度的字段指示。With reference to the implementation manner of the sixth aspect, in a first possible implementation manner of the sixth aspect, a busy index of the cell and a congestion index of the each RACH are separately broadcast by the processor in the system The preset position of the downlink control information is indicated by adding a field of a preset length.

结合第五方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在第五方面的第二种可能的实现方式中，所述小区的繁忙指数由所述处理器根据所述小区的空口资源的占用比例设定。With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the fifth aspect, in a second possible implementation manner of the fifth aspect, the busyness index of the cell is set by the processor according to an occupation ratio of air interface resources of the cell .

结合第五方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在第五方面的第三种可能的实现方式中，所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述处理器根据所述基站统计的所述各个RACH的误比特率确定，所述误比特率为所述基站在接收所述终端通过所述各个RACH发送的接入所述小区的请求时所述基站解析所述请求错误而产生的误比特的比例，With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the fifth aspect, in a third possible implementation manner of the fifth aspect, the congestion index of each RACH is determined by the processor according to the RACH of the base station Determining the bit error rate, the bit error rate is a ratio of bit errors generated by the base station to parse the request error when the base station receives a request for accessing the cell by using the RACH,

或者， Or,

所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述处理器根据预设时间段内所述各个RACH发生拥塞的次数确定，The congestion index of each RACH is determined by the processor according to the number of times the respective RACHs are congested within a preset time period.

或者，or,

所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述处理器根据所述各个RACH发生拥塞的时间段在所述预设时间段中占有的比例确定。The congestion index of each RACH is determined by the processor according to a proportion occupied by the time period in which the respective RACHs are congested in the preset time period.

通过本发明，终端接收基站发送的***广播信息以及下行控制信息，***广播信息携带基站的小区的繁忙指数，下行控制信息携带小区的各个随机接入信道RACH的拥塞指数，终端根据当前需要发起的业务的优先级获取业务的优先级指数，终端根据业务的优先级指数、小区的繁忙指数以及各个RACH的拥塞指数计算终端通过各个RACH接入小区的概率，终端根据终端通过各个RACH接入小区的概率选取接入的RACH，终端通过选取的RACH向基站发送接入小区的请求，终端能够通过接收基站发送的***广播信息以及下行控制信息获取小区的繁忙指数以及各个RACH的拥塞指数，并结合业务的优先级指数计算通过各个RACH接入小区的概率，能够保证业务优先级高的终端以更高的接入概率接入基站的小区。According to the present invention, the terminal receives the system broadcast information and the downlink control information sent by the base station, and the system broadcast information carries the busy index of the cell of the base station, and the downlink control information carries the congestion index of each random access channel RACH of the cell, and the terminal initiates according to the current need. The priority of the service obtains the priority index of the service, and the terminal calculates the probability that the terminal accesses the cell through each RACH according to the priority index of the service, the busy index of the cell, and the congestion index of each RACH, and the terminal accesses the cell according to the terminal through each RACH. Probabilistically selecting the RACH to be accessed, the terminal sends a request to access the cell to the base station through the selected RACH, and the terminal can obtain the busy index of the cell and the congestion index of each RACH by receiving the system broadcast information and the downlink control information sent by the base station, and combining the services. The priority index calculates the probability of accessing the cell through each RACH, and can ensure that the terminal with high service priority accesses the cell of the base station with a higher access probability.

附图说明DRAWINGS

为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only It is a certain embodiment of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained from those skilled in the art without any inventive labor.

图1是本发明实施例的DCI的信息结构图。FIG. 1 is an information structure diagram of a DCI according to an embodiment of the present invention.

图2是本发明实施例的一种接入基站小区的方法的一实施例的流程示意图；2 is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of a method for accessing a base station cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图3是本发明实施例的一种接入基站小区的方法的另一实施例的流程示意图；3 is a schematic flowchart of another embodiment of a method for accessing a base station cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图4是本发明实施例的一种接入基站小区的方法的另一实施例的随机接入分配单元的时间总长度的示意图；4 is a schematic diagram of a total time length of a random access allocation unit according to another embodiment of a method for accessing a base station cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图5是本发明实施例的一种接入基站小区的方法的第三实施例的流程示意图；FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a third embodiment of a method for accessing a base station cell according to an embodiment of the present invention; intention;

图6是***信息SI1的原有结构示意图；6 is a schematic diagram of the original structure of the system information SI1;

图7是本发明实施例的一种接入基站小区的方法的第三实施例的***信息SI1增添小区的繁忙指数后的结构示意图；FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of system information SI1 of a third embodiment of a method for accessing a base station cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图8是本发明实施例的一种接入基站小区的方法的第三实施例的DCI的RACH配置信息增添各个RACH的拥塞指数后的结构示意图；FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the RACH configuration information of the DCI adding the congestion index of each RACH according to the third embodiment of the method for accessing a base station cell according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

图9是***信息SI2的原有结构示意图；9 is a schematic diagram of the original structure of system information SI2;

图10是本发明实施例的一种接入基站小区的方法的第三实施例的***信息SI2增添各个RACH的拥塞指数表后的结构示意图；FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the system information SI2 of the third embodiment of the method for accessing a base station cell according to the embodiment of the present invention, after adding a congestion index table of each RACH;

图11是本发明实施例的一种终端的一实施例的结构示意图；11 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图12是本发明实施例的一种终端的另一实施例的结构示意图；FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

图13是本发明实施例的一种终端的第三实施例的结构示意图；FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

图14是本发明实施例的一种基站的一实施例的结构示意图；FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a base station according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图15是本发明实施例的一种基站的另一实施例的结构示意图。FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a base station according to an embodiment of the present invention.

具体实施方式detailed description

下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts are within the scope of the present invention.

本发明实施例提供了一种接入基站小区的方法、终端及基站，能够保证业务优先级高的终端以更高的接入概率接入基站的小区。The embodiments of the present invention provide a method, a terminal, and a base station for accessing a base station cell, which can ensure that a terminal with a high service priority accesses a cell of the base station with a higher access probability.

如图1所示为DCI的信息结构图。在LTE-M2M***中，基站通过信道承载的DCI向终端发送RACH的配置信息。其中，如图1所示为DCI的原有结构示意图，DCI的原有结构包括保留(Reserved)信息，确认域(Acknowledgement Field)信息、重复确认(Acknowledgement Repetition)信息、下行链路数(Downlink Number)信息、下行链路分配(Downlink Allocation)信息、上行链路数(Uplink Number)信息、上行链路分配(Uplink Allocation)信息、RACH数量(RACH Number)信息、RACH配置(RACH Config)信息以及填充(Padding)信息。其中，DCI中的RACH配置信息用于指示RACH的配置信息。RACH配置信息中包括RACH调制编码方式(RACH Modulation and Coding Scheme，RMCS)信息、接入信道标识(Channel ID)信息、接入时隙指示(Start Indicator)信息、接入发射功率(Transmit Power，TP)信息以及随机接入分配单元的时间总长度(2^SZ*RACH Allocation unit，SZ)信息。LTE-M2M***由于包含了物联网应用覆盖广的特点，除了包括普通覆盖场景之外还定义了增强覆盖场景。普通覆盖场景的随机接入分配单元的时间长度仅为80毫秒，而增强覆盖场景的随机接入分配单元的时间长度为2560毫秒。Figure 1 shows the information structure of the DCI. In the LTE-M2M system, the base station sends the configuration information of the RACH to the terminal through the DCI carried by the channel. Figure 1 shows the original structure of the DCI. The original structure of the DCI includes Reserved information, Acknowledgement Field information, Acknowledgement Repetition information, and Downlink Number. ) Information, Downlink Allocation information, Uplink Number information, Uplink Allocation information, RACH Number information, RACH Config information, and padding (Padding) information. The RACH configuration information in the DCI is used to indicate the configuration information of the RACH. The RACH configuration information includes RACH Modulation and Coding Scheme (RMCS) information, access channel identifier (Channel ID) information, access slot indication (Start Indicator) information, and access transmit power (Transmit Power, TP). Information and the total length of time (2 ^SZ * RACH Allocation unit, SZ) information of the random access allocation unit. The LTE-M2M system includes a wide coverage of the Internet of Things application, and an enhanced coverage scenario is defined in addition to the normal coverage scene. The time length of the random access allocation unit of the normal coverage scenario is only 80 milliseconds, and the time length of the random access allocation unit of the enhanced coverage scenario is 2560 milliseconds.

请参见图2，图2是本发明实施例的一种接入基站小区的方法的一实施例的流程示意图。其中，终端例如可以是手机、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、掌上电脑、移动互联网设备(MID，mobile internet device)、可穿戴设备(例如智能手表(如iwatch等)、智能手环、计步器等)或其他可与基站进行通讯交互的终端设备。Referring to FIG. 2, FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart diagram of an embodiment of a method for accessing a base station cell according to an embodiment of the present invention. The terminal may be, for example, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a palmtop computer, a mobile internet device (MID), a wearable device (such as a smart watch (such as an iwatch), a smart bracelet, a pedometer, etc.) Or other terminal device that can communicate with the base station for communication.

如图2所示，本发明实施例的一种接入基站小区的方法可以包括如下步骤。As shown in FIG. 2, a method for accessing a base station cell according to an embodiment of the present invention may include the following steps.

S200，终端接收基站发送的***广播信息以及下行控制信息，所述***广播信息携带所述基站所服务的小区的繁忙指数，所述下行控制信息携带所述小区的各个随机接入信道RACH的拥塞指数。S200: The terminal receives system broadcast information and downlink control information sent by the base station, where the system broadcast information carries a busy index of a cell served by the base station, where the downlink control information carries congestion of each random access channel RACH of the cell. index.

具体实现中，基站可统计小区的繁忙指数以及小区的各个RACH的拥塞指数，将小区的繁忙指数以及小区的各个RACH的拥塞指数分别由***广播信息(SIB，System Information Broadcast)以及DCI携带。基站每隔预设时间段即广播SIB以及DCI，当终端需要发起业务时，终端接收基站发送的SIB以及DCI，并分别从接收的SIB以及DCI中提取小区的繁忙指数以及小区的各个RACH的拥塞指数。In a specific implementation, the base station may collect the busy index of the cell and the congestion index of each RACH of the cell, and carry the busy index of the cell and the congestion index of each RACH of the cell by the System Information Broadcast (SIB) and the DCI, respectively. The base station broadcasts the SIB and the DCI every preset time period. When the terminal needs to initiate the service, the terminal receives the SIB and the DCI sent by the base station, and extracts the busy index of the cell and the congestion of each RACH of the cell from the received SIB and the DCI, respectively. index.

可选的，终端向基站的小区发起的业务为上行业务。Optionally, the service initiated by the terminal to the cell of the base station is an uplink service.

可选的，所述小区的繁忙指数和所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站分别在所述***广播信息和所述下行控制信息的预设位置通过增加预设长度的字段指示。Optionally, the busy index of the cell and the congestion index of the respective RACH are indicated by the base station by adding a preset length field in a preset position of the system broadcast information and the downlink control information, respectively.

可选的，所述小区的繁忙指数由所述基站根据所述小区的资源的占用比例设定。小区的资源为空口资源，空口资源为该手机与基站之间用来传输信息的高频频率资源。其中，能够用来传输信息的频率资源是有限的，因此，基站可通过小区内空口资源的使用情况来统计空口资源的占用比例。Optionally, the busyness index of the cell is used by the base station according to the proportion of resources of the cell. set up. The resource of the cell is an air interface resource, and the air interface resource is a high frequency frequency resource used for transmitting information between the mobile phone and the base station. The frequency resource that can be used to transmit information is limited. Therefore, the base station can count the occupancy ratio of the air interface resource by using the air interface resource in the cell.

可选的，所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站根据所述基站统计的所述各个RACH的误比特率确定，所述误比特率为所述基站在接收所述终端通过所述各个RACH发送的接入所述小区的请求时所述基站解析所述请求错误而产生的误比特的比例；或者，所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站根据所述各个RACH在预设时间段内发生拥塞的次数确定；又或者，所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站根据所述各个RACH发生拥塞的时间段在所述预设时间段中占有的比例确定。其中，误比特率是一种衡量信道质量的重要参数，其是指错误接收的信息量在传送信息总量中所占的比例，或者说是码元的信息量在传输***中被丢失的概率。Optionally, the congestion index of each RACH is determined by the base station according to a bit error rate of each RACH that is calculated by the base station, where the bit error rate is that the base station receives the terminal through the respective RACH. The proportion of the bit errors generated by the base station to parse the request error when the request for accessing the cell is sent; or the congestion index of each RACH is determined by the base station according to the respective RACH within a preset time period The number of occurrences of congestion is determined; or, the congestion index of each RACH is determined by the ratio of the base station occupying the preset time period according to the time period during which the respective RACH is congested. Among them, the bit error rate is an important parameter to measure the channel quality, which refers to the proportion of the amount of information received by mistake in the total amount of transmitted information, or the probability that the amount of information of the symbol is lost in the transmission system. .

S201，所述终端根据当前需要发起的业务的优先级获取所述业务的优先级指数。S201. The terminal acquires a priority index of the service according to a priority of a service that needs to be initiated.

具体实现中，终端可先根据业务的优先级设定优先级指数，用以区分业务的紧急程度。业务的优先级越高，优先级指数则越高。In a specific implementation, the terminal may first set a priority index according to the priority of the service to distinguish the urgency of the service. The higher the priority of the business, the higher the priority index.

S202，所述终端根据所述业务的优先级指数、所述小区的繁忙指数以及所述各个RACH的拥塞指数计算所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率。S202. The terminal calculates, according to a priority index of the service, a busy index of the cell, and a congestion index of each RACH, a probability that the terminal accesses the cell by using each RACH.

具体实现中，终端在获取到业务的优先级指数、小区的繁忙指数以及各个RACH的拥塞指数之后，根据业务的优先级指数、小区的繁忙指数以及各个RACH的拥塞指数计算终端通过各个RACH接入小区的概率。例如，终端根据业务的优先级指数、小区的繁忙指数以及第一RACH的拥塞指数计算终端通过第一RACH接入小区的概率P1；终端根据业务的优先级指数、小区的繁忙指数以及第二RACH的拥塞指数计算终端通过第二RACH接入小区的概率P2；终端根据业务的优先级指数、小区的繁忙指数以及第三RACH的拥塞指数计算终端通过第三RACH接入小区的概率P3，以此类推。In a specific implementation, after acquiring the priority index of the service, the busy index of the cell, and the congestion index of each RACH, the terminal calculates, according to the priority index of the service, the busy index of the cell, and the congestion index of each RACH, the terminal accesses through each RACH. The probability of the cell. For example, the terminal calculates a probability P1 that the terminal accesses the cell through the first RACH according to the priority index of the service, the busy index of the cell, and the congestion index of the first RACH; the terminal according to the priority index of the service, the busy index of the cell, and the second RACH. The congestion index calculates the probability P2 that the terminal accesses the cell through the second RACH; the terminal calculates the probability P3 that the terminal accesses the cell through the third RACH according to the priority index of the service, the busy index of the cell, and the congestion index of the third RACH. analogy.

S203，所述终端根据所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率选取接入的RACH。 S203. The terminal selects an accessed RACH according to a probability that the terminal accesses the cell by using each RACH.

具体实现中，终端分别计算出终端通过第一RACH、第二RACH以及第三RACH的概率为P1、P2以及P3后，根据概率P1、P2以及P3选取接入的RACH。In a specific implementation, after determining that the probability that the terminal passes the first RACH, the second RACH, and the third RACH is P1, P2, and P3, the terminal selects the accessed RACH according to the probabilities P1, P2, and P3.

可选的，终端可为各个RACH设置接入阈值，若终端接入其中一个RACH的概率高于设定的该RACH的接入阈值，则终端可选择通过该RACH向基站发送接入小区的请求。Optionally, the terminal may set an access threshold for each RACH. If the probability of the terminal accessing one of the RACHs is higher than the set access threshold of the RACH, the terminal may select to send a request for accessing the cell to the base station by using the RACH. .

可选的，若满足上述条件的RACH存在至少一个，则终端可任意选择通过满足上述条件的RACH向基站发送接入小区的请求。Optionally, if there is at least one RACH that satisfies the foregoing condition, the terminal may arbitrarily select to send a request for accessing the cell to the base station by using the RACH that meets the foregoing condition.

可选的，若满足上述条件的RACH存在至少一个，则终端可按照预设规则从满足上述条件的RACH中选取其中一个RACH，并通过选取的RACH向基站发送随机接入的请求。其中，预设规则可为终端在满足上述条件的RACH中选取接入概率最高的RACH。例如，在终端分别计算出终端通过第一RACH、第二RACH以及第三RACH的概率P1、P2以及P3后，若概率P1、P2以及P3均高于接入第一RACH、第二RACH以及第三RACH的阈值，则终端在概率P1、P2以及P3中选取接入概率最高的RACH发送接入小区的请求，如P1大于P2，且P2大于P3，则终端选取P1对应的RACH发送接入小区的请求。Optionally, if there is at least one RACH that meets the foregoing conditions, the terminal may select one of the RACHs that meet the foregoing conditions according to a preset rule, and send a random access request to the base station by using the selected RACH. The preset rule may be that the terminal selects the RACH with the highest access probability among the RACHs that meet the foregoing conditions. For example, after the terminals respectively calculate the probabilities P1, P2, and P3 of the first RACH, the second RACH, and the third RACH, if the probabilities P1, P2, and P3 are higher than the first RACH, the second RACH, and the first The threshold of the three RACHs, the terminal selects the RACH with the highest access probability to send the request for accessing the cell in the probabilities P1, P2, and P3. If P1 is greater than P2 and P2 is greater than P3, the terminal selects the RACH corresponding to the P1 to send the access cell. Request.

S204，所述终端通过选取的RACH向所述基站发送接入所述小区的请求。S204. The terminal sends a request for accessing the cell to the base station by using the selected RACH.

具体实现中，终端在确定接入的RACH之后，通过选取的RACH向基站发送接入小区的请求。In a specific implementation, after determining the accessed RACH, the terminal sends a request for accessing the cell to the base station by using the selected RACH.

可选的，终端可在该RACH上任意选择一个分配单元，并在分配单元指示的允许终端接入的时隙向基站发送接入小区的请求，并且需在分配单元指示的时间长度结束前完成请求的发送。Optionally, the terminal may arbitrarily select an allocation unit on the RACH, and send a request for accessing the cell to the base station in a time slot indicated by the allocation unit that allows the terminal to access, and completes before the end of the time indicated by the allocation unit. The request was sent.

可选的，终端可在该RACH上按照预设规则选择一个分配单元，并在分配单元指示的允许终端接入的时隙向基站发送接入小区的请求。其中，终端还可根据计算得到的接入该RACH的概率计算可选择接入的分配单元的数量，最后再根据确定数量的分配单元中任意选取其中一个分配单元，并在选取的分配单元指示的允许终端接入的时隙向基站发送接入小区的请求。Optionally, the terminal may select an allocation unit according to a preset rule on the RACH, and send a request for accessing the cell to the base station in a time slot indicated by the allocation unit that allows the terminal to access. The terminal may further calculate, according to the calculated probability of accessing the RACH, the number of allocation units that can be selectively accessed, and finally select one of the allocation units according to the determined number of allocation units, and indicate in the selected allocation unit. The time slot that the terminal is allowed to access sends a request to the base station to access the cell.

采用本发明实施例，终端接收基站发送的***广播信息以及下行控制信息，***广播信息携带基站的小区的繁忙指数，下行控制信息携带小区的各个随机接入信道RACH的拥塞指数，终端根据当前需要发起的业务的优先级获取业务的优先级指数，终端根据业务的优先级指数、小区的繁忙指数以及各个RACH的拥塞指数计算终端通过各个RACH接入小区的概率，终端根据终端通过各个RACH接入小区的概率选取接入的RACH，终端通过选取的RACH向基站发送接入小区的请求，终端能够通过接收基站发送的***广播信息以及下行控制信息获取小区的繁忙指数以及各个RACH的拥塞指数，并结合业务的优先级指数计算通过各个RACH接入小区的概率，能够保证业务优先级高的终端以更高的接入概率接入基站的小区。According to the embodiment of the present invention, the terminal receives the system broadcast information and the downlink control information sent by the base station, where the system broadcast information carries the busy index of the cell of the base station, and the downlink control information carries each of the cells. The congestion index of the RACH of the random access channel, the terminal obtains the priority index of the service according to the priority of the service that needs to be initiated, and the terminal calculates the terminal through each RACH according to the priority index of the service, the busy index of the cell, and the congestion index of each RACH. The probability of entering the cell, the terminal selects the accessed RACH according to the probability that the terminal accesses the cell through each RACH, and the terminal sends a request for accessing the cell to the base station by using the selected RACH, and the terminal can receive the system broadcast information and the downlink control information sent by the base station. The busy index of the cell and the congestion index of each RACH are obtained, and the probability of accessing the cell through each RACH is calculated according to the priority index of the service, so that the terminal with high service priority can access the cell of the base station with a higher access probability.

请参阅图3，图3是本发明实施例的一种接入基站小区的方法的另一实施例的流程示意图。Referring to FIG. 3, FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart diagram of another embodiment of a method for accessing a base station cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.

如图3所示，本发明实施例的一种接入基站小区的方法的另一实施例可以包括如下步骤。As shown in FIG. 3, another embodiment of a method for accessing a base station cell according to an embodiment of the present invention may include the following steps.

S300，终端接收基站发送的***广播信息以及下行控制信息，所述***广播信息携带所述基站所服务的小区的繁忙指数，所述下行控制信息携带所述小区的各个随机接入信道RACH的拥塞指数。S300, the terminal receives system broadcast information and downlink control information sent by the base station, where the system broadcast information carries a busy index of a cell served by the base station, where the downlink control information carries congestion of each random access channel RACH of the cell. index.

具体实现中，基站可统计小区的繁忙指数以及小区的各个RACH的拥塞指数，将小区的繁忙指数以及小区的各个RACH的拥塞指数分别由SIB以及DCI携带。基站每隔预设时间段即广播SIB以及DCI，当终端需要发起业务时，终端接收基站发送的SIB以及DCI，并分别从接收的SIB以及DCI中提取小区的繁忙指数以及小区的各个RACH的拥塞指数。In a specific implementation, the base station may collect the busy index of the cell and the congestion index of each RACH of the cell, and carry the busy index of the cell and the congestion index of each RACH of the cell by the SIB and the DCI, respectively. The base station broadcasts the SIB and the DCI every preset time period. When the terminal needs to initiate the service, the terminal receives the SIB and the DCI sent by the base station, and extracts the busy index of the cell and the congestion of each RACH of the cell from the received SIB and the DCI, respectively. index.

可选的，所述小区的繁忙指数由所述基站根据所述小区的资源的占用比例设定。Optionally, the busyness index of the cell is set by the base station according to an occupation ratio of resources of the cell.

可选的，所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站根据所述基站统计的所述各个RACH的误比特率确定，所述误比特率为所述基站在接收所述终端通过所述各个RACH发送的接入所述小区的请求时所述基站解析所述请求错误而产生的误比特的比例；或者，所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站根据所述各个RACH在预设时间段内发生拥塞的次数确定；又或者，所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站根据所述各个RACH发生拥塞的时间段在所述预设时间段中占有的比例确定。Optionally, the congestion index of each RACH is determined by the base station according to a bit error rate of each RACH that is calculated by the base station, where the bit error rate is that the base station receives the terminal through the respective RACH. The base station parses the request error when sending a request to access the cell The ratio of the generated bit errors; or the congestion index of each RACH is determined by the base station according to the number of times the respective RACH is congested within a preset time period; or the congestion index of each RACH is determined by the The base station determines the proportion of the time period in which the respective RACHs are congested in the preset time period.

S301，所述终端根据当前需要发起的业务的优先级获取所述业务的优先级指数。S301. The terminal acquires a priority index of the service according to a priority of a service that needs to be initiated.

作为一种可实施的方式，业务的优先级指数可为正数，业务的优先级指数例如可等于0.1、0.5、0.8或其他值。As an implementable manner, the priority index of the service may be a positive number, and the priority index of the service may be equal to, for example, 0.1, 0.5, 0.8 or other values.

S302，所述终端分别为所述业务的优先级指数、所述小区的繁忙指数以及所述各个RACH的拥塞指数分配权重。S302. The terminal allocates weights for a priority index of the service, a busy index of the cell, and a congestion index of each RACH.

具体实现中，终端可分别为业务的优先级指数、小区的繁忙指数以及各个RACH的拥塞指数分配权重a、权重b以及权重c，其权重a、权重b以及权重c可为任意正数，权重例如可以为0.5、1、2、3、5或其他值。In a specific implementation, the terminal may assign a weight a, a weight b, and a weight c to the priority index of the service, the busy index of the cell, and the congestion index of each RACH, and the weight a, the weight b, and the weight c may be any positive number, and the weight is For example, it can be 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 5 or other values.

S303，所述终端对分配权重后的所述业务的优先级指数、所述小区的繁忙指数以及所述各个RACH的拥塞指数进行加权运算，得到所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率。S303, the terminal performs a weighting operation on the priority index of the service, the busy index of the cell, and the congestion index of each RACH, to obtain that the terminal accesses the cell by using each RACH. The probability.

具体实现中，终端计算终端通过各个RACH接入小区的概率P可参照下述公式：In a specific implementation, the probability P of the terminal computing terminal accessing the cell through each RACH may refer to the following formula:

1号公式：P＝a*(1-小区的繁忙指数/10)+b*(1-RACH的拥塞指数/10)+c*业务的优先级指数；Formula No. 1: P = a * (1 - busy index of the cell / 10) + b * (1 - RACH congestion index / 10) + c * priority index of the business;

可选的，终端通过各个RACH接入小区的概率P还可参照下述公式：Optionally, the probability P of the terminal accessing the cell through each RACH may also refer to the following formula:

2号公式：P＝a*(1-小区的繁忙指数/10)*b*(1-RACH的拥塞指数/10)*c*业务的优先级指数。Formula 2: P = a * (1 - busy index of the cell / 10) * b * (1 - RACH congestion index / 10) * c * priority index of the service.

具体的，若当前第一终端和第二终端均需要向基站的小区发起业务，其中，第一终端欲向基站发起的业务为普通业务，第二终端欲向基站发起的业务为紧急业务，则第一终端和第二终端均接收基站发送的SIB和DCI。若第一终端和第二终端接收到基站发送的DCI中包括3个RACH(包括第一RACH、第二RACH以及第三RACH)，则第一终端和第二终端从SIB获取到小区的繁忙指数，并从DCI中获取到第一RACH的拥塞指数、第二RACH的拥塞指数以及第三RACH的拥塞指数。Specifically, if both the first terminal and the second terminal need to initiate a service to the cell of the base station, where the service that the first terminal wants to initiate to the base station is a normal service, and the service that the second terminal wants to initiate to the base station is an emergency service, Both the first terminal and the second terminal receive the SIB and DCI transmitted by the base station. If the first terminal and The second terminal receives the RACH (including the first RACH, the second RACH, and the third RACH) in the DCI sent by the base station, and the first terminal and the second terminal acquire the busy index of the cell from the SIB, and from the DCI. Obtaining a congestion index of the first RACH, a congestion index of the second RACH, and a congestion index of the third RACH.

作为一种可实施的方式，当基站将繁忙指数的字段长度设置为4比特，且繁忙指数用于指示小区的空口资源占用的比例时，繁忙指数的数值则例如可为“5”(数值“5”可表示小区的空口资源占用的比例为50％至60％)。当基站将拥塞指数的字段长度设置为2比特时，则第一RACH的拥塞指数、第二RACH的拥塞指数以及第三RACH的拥塞指数例如可分别为0、1以及2(数值“0”可表示该RACH的拥塞程度为正常，数值“1”可表示该RACH的拥塞程度为轻微拥塞，数值“2”可表示该RACH的拥塞程度为拥塞)。As an implementable manner, when the base station sets the field length of the busy index to 4 bits, and the busy index is used to indicate the proportion of the air interface resource occupancy of the cell, the value of the busy index may be, for example, “5” (value “ 5" can indicate that the ratio of air interface resources occupied by the cell is 50% to 60%. When the base station sets the length of the field of the congestion index to 2 bits, the congestion index of the first RACH, the congestion index of the second RACH, and the congestion index of the third RACH may be 0, 1, and 2, respectively (the value "0" may be It indicates that the congestion degree of the RACH is normal, the value "1" indicates that the congestion degree of the RACH is slight congestion, and the value "2" indicates that the congestion degree of the RACH is congestion).

具体实现中，由于第一终端发起的业务是普通业务，第二终端向基站发起的业务是紧急业务，因此第一终端获取到的业务的优先级指数小于第二终端获取到的业务的优先级指数，例如第一终端获取到的业务的优先级指数可为0.1，第二终端获取到的业务的优先级指数可为0.8。In a specific implementation, the service initiated by the first terminal is an ordinary service, and the service initiated by the second terminal to the base station is an emergency service. Therefore, the priority index of the service acquired by the first terminal is smaller than the priority of the service acquired by the second terminal. The index, for example, the priority index of the service acquired by the first terminal may be 0.1, and the priority index of the service acquired by the second terminal may be 0.8.

具体的，若第一终端和第二终端使用1号公式(P＝a*(1-小区的繁忙指数/10)+b*(1-RACH的拥塞指数/10)+c*业务的优先级指数)计算，终端为业务的优先级指数、小区的繁忙指数以及各个RACH的拥塞指数分配的权重(即权重a、权重b以及权重c)均为1，则第一终端计算得到的通过第一RACH、第二RACH以及第三RACH接入小区的概率P分别为P1＝1.6、P2＝1.5以及P3＝1.4；第二终端计算得到的通过第一RACH、第二RACH以及第三RACH接入小区的概率P则分别为P1’＝2.3、P2’＝2.2以及P3’＝2.1。Specifically, if the first terminal and the second terminal use the formula No. 1 (P=a*(1-cell busy index/10)+b*(1-RACH congestion index/10)+c* service priority According to the calculation, the weight of the priority index of the service, the busy index of the cell, and the congestion index of each RACH (ie, the weight a, the weight b, and the weight c) are all 1, and the first terminal calculates the first through The probability P of the RACH, the second RACH, and the third RACH access cell are P1=1.6, P2=1.5, and P3=1.4, respectively; the second RACH, the second RACH, and the third RACH access cell calculated by the second terminal are calculated. The probability P is P1' = 2.3, P2' = 2.2, and P3' = 2.1, respectively.

S304，所述终端获取通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的阈值。S304. The terminal acquires a threshold for accessing the cell by using each RACH.

具体实现中，终端可根据业务的优先级指数设置通过各个RACH接入小区的概率阈值，例如可设置发起普通业务的第一终端和发起紧急业务的第二终端通过各个RACH接入小区的概率阈值均为P＝1.6。In a specific implementation, the terminal may set a probability threshold for accessing the cell through each RACH according to the priority index of the service, for example, setting a probability threshold of the first terminal that initiates the normal service and the second terminal that initiates the emergency service to access the cell through each RACH. Both are P=1.6.

S305，所述终端从K个RACH中确定所述选取的RACH，所述K个RACH为所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率大于或等于接入所述小区的阈值所对应的RACH，所述K为正整数。 S305, the terminal determines the selected RACH from the K RACHs, where the K RACHs are corresponding to a threshold that the terminal accesses the cell by using the RACHs is greater than or equal to a threshold for accessing the cell. RACH, the K is a positive integer.

具体实现中，以上述步骤的实施例为例，第一终端通过第一RACH接入小区的概率大于或等于1.6，而第一终端通过第二RACH以及第三RACH接入小区的概率均小于概率阈值P＝1.6；第二终端通过第一RACH、第二RACH以及第三RACH接入小区的概率均大于概率阈值P＝1.6，因此第一终端只能通过第一RACH(K＝1)向基站发送接入小区的请求，而第二终端则可以在第一RACH、第二RACH以及第三RACH中(K＝3)任意选择一个RACH，并通过选择的RACH向基站发送接入小区的请求。In a specific implementation, the example of the foregoing step is used as an example, the probability that the first terminal accesses the cell through the first RACH is greater than or equal to 1.6, and the probability that the first terminal accesses the cell through the second RACH and the third RACH is less than the probability. The threshold P=1.6; the probability that the second terminal accesses the cell through the first RACH, the second RACH, and the third RACH is greater than the probability threshold P=1.6, so the first terminal can only use the first RACH (K=1) to the base station. The request for accessing the cell is sent, and the second terminal may arbitrarily select one RACH in the first RACH, the second RACH, and the third RACH (K=3), and send a request for accessing the cell to the base station by using the selected RACH.

作为一种可实施的方式，K为正整数，K例如可以为1，3，8，12或其他值。As an implementable manner, K is a positive integer and K can be, for example, 1, 3, 8, 12 or other values.

可选的，所述终端从所述K个RACH中确定所述终端接入所述小区的概率最大的RACH为所述选取的RACH。Optionally, the terminal determines, from the K RACHs, that the RACH with the highest probability that the terminal accesses the cell is the selected RACH.

具体实现中，第二终端可在第一RACH、第二RACH以及第三RACH中选取接入概率最大的RACH，并通过接入概率最大的RACH向基站发送接入小区的请求。例如在上述实施例中，由于第二终端计算得到的通过第一RACH、第二RACH以及第三RACH接入小区的概率P分别为P1’＝2.3、P2’＝2.2以及P3’＝2.1，因此第二终端可选取接入概率最大的RACH，即第一RACH，并通过第一RACH向基站发送接入小区的请求。In a specific implementation, the second terminal may select the RACH with the highest access probability in the first RACH, the second RACH, and the third RACH, and send a request for accessing the cell to the base station by using the RACH with the highest access probability. For example, in the foregoing embodiment, the probability P obtained by the second terminal through the first RACH, the second RACH, and the third RACH to access the cell is P1'=2.3, P2'=2.2, and P3'=2.1, respectively. The second terminal may select the RACH with the highest access probability, that is, the first RACH, and send a request for accessing the cell to the base station by using the first RACH.

S306，所述终端根据所述终端通过所述选取的RACH接入所述小区的概率确定所述选取的RACH中能够接入的分配单元。S306. The terminal determines, according to a probability that the terminal accesses the cell by using the selected RACH, an allocation unit that can be accessed in the selected RACH.

具体实现中，如图4所示为RACH的分配单元的时间总长度的示意图，图中包括至少一个分配单元，终端可根据计算出的通过选取的RACH接入小区的概率P确定能够接入的分配单元。具体的，终端还可确定能够接入的分配单元的数量。终端可通过向上取整(ceil)函数(例如ceil(1.6)＝2，ceil(2.3)＝3)计算出能够接入的分配单元的数量。其计算能够接入的分配单元的数量的公式可为：Q1＝min(2^ceil(P)，Q2)，其中，Q2为RACH中分配单元的数量。In a specific implementation, as shown in FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a total length of time of an allocation unit of a RACH, where the figure includes at least one allocation unit, and the terminal may determine that the access can be accessed according to the calculated probability P of the selected RACH access cell. Distribution unit. Specifically, the terminal may also determine the number of allocation units that can be accessed. The terminal can calculate the number of allocation units that can be accessed by a rounding up ceil function (eg, ceil(1.6)=2, ceil(2.3)=3). The formula for calculating the number of allocation units that can be accessed may be: Q1 = min(2^ceil(P), Q2), where Q2 is the number of allocation units in the RACH.

具体的，在上一实施例中，由于第一终端只能通过第一RACH向基站发送接入小区的请求，因此第一终端可获取第一RACH包括的分配单元的数量(例如第一RACH包括的分配单元的数量为Q2＝8)，再将第一终端通过第一 RACH接入小区的概率P1＝1.6代入公式Q1＝min(2^ceil(P)，Q2)得到第一终端能够选择的分配单元的数量为Q1＝4。因此，第一终端能够选择接入的分配单元的数量为4。Specifically, in the previous embodiment, since the first terminal can only send a request for accessing the cell to the base station by using the first RACH, the first terminal may acquire the number of allocation units included in the first RACH (for example, the first RACH includes The number of allocation units is Q2=8), and then the first terminal passes the first The probability that the RACH access cell is P1=1.6 is substituted into the formula Q1=min(2^ceil(P), Q2) to obtain the number of allocation units that the first terminal can select is Q1=4. Therefore, the number of allocation units that the first terminal can select to access is four.

具体的，由于第二终端也选取了第一RACH向基站发送接入小区的请求，因此第二终端也可获取第一RACH包括的分配单元的数量，再将第二终端通过第一RACH接入小区的概率P1’＝2.3代入公式Q1＝min(2^ceil(P)，Q2)得到第二终端能够选择的分配单元的数量为Q1’＝8。因此，第二终端能够选择接入的分配单元的数量为8。Specifically, the second terminal also obtains the request that the first RACH sends the access cell to the base station, and the second terminal may also acquire the number of the allocation unit included in the first RACH, and then access the second terminal by using the first RACH. The probability of the cell P1'=2.3 is substituted into the formula Q1=min(2^ceil(P), Q2) to obtain the number of allocation units that the second terminal can select as Q1'=8. Therefore, the number of allocation units that the second terminal can select to access is eight.

S307，所述终端在所述能够接入的分配单元中确定接入的分配单元，并通过所述确定接入的分配单元向所述基站发送接入所述小区的请求。S307. The terminal determines an access allocation unit in the accessable allocation unit, and sends a request for accessing the cell to the base station by using the determining access unit.

具体实现中，第一终端在利用ceil函数计算出第一终端能够选择接入的分配单元的数量为4之后，第一终端可在第一RACH包括的4个分配单元中任意选择一个分配单元接入。第二终端在利用ceil函数计算出第二终端能够选择接入的分配单元的数量为8之后，第二终端能够在第一RACH包括的8个分配单元中任意选择一个分配单元接入。如图4所示，第一终端和第二终端在各自选取的分配单元指示的允许终端接入的时隙向基站发送接入小区的请求，并且需在分配单元指示的时间长度结束前完成请求的发送。In a specific implementation, after the first terminal calculates, by using the ceil function, that the number of allocation units that the first terminal can select to access is 4, the first terminal may arbitrarily select one of the four allocation units included in the first RACH. In. After the second terminal calculates the number of allocation units that the second terminal can select to access by using the ceil function, the second terminal can arbitrarily select one of the eight allocation units included in the first RACH to access. As shown in FIG. 4, the first terminal and the second terminal send a request for accessing the cell to the base station in the time slot indicated by the respective selected allocation unit to allow the terminal to access, and the request is completed before the end of the time indicated by the allocation unit. Send.

采用本发明实施例，终端接收基站发送的***广播信息以及下行控制信息，***广播信息携带基站的小区的繁忙指数，下行控制信息携带小区的各个随机接入信道RACH的拥塞指数，终端根据当前需要发起的业务的优先级获取业务的优先级指数，终端根据业务的优先级指数、小区的繁忙指数以及各个RACH的拥塞指数计算终端通过各个RACH接入小区的概率，终端根据终端通过各个RACH接入小区的概率选取接入的RACH，终端通过选取的RACH向基站发送接入小区的请求，终端能够通过接收基站发送的***广播信息以及下行控制信息获取小区的繁忙指数以及各个RACH的拥塞指数，并结合业务的优先级指数计算通过各个RACH接入小区的概率，能够保证业务优先级高的终端以更高的接入概率接入基站的小区。In the embodiment of the present invention, the terminal receives the system broadcast information and the downlink control information sent by the base station, where the system broadcast information carries the busy index of the cell of the base station, and the downlink control information carries the congestion index of each random access channel RACH of the cell, and the terminal according to the current needs The priority of the initiated service obtains the priority index of the service, and the terminal calculates the probability that the terminal accesses the cell through each RACH according to the priority index of the service, the busy index of the cell, and the congestion index of each RACH, and the terminal accesses the RACH according to the terminal according to the terminal. The probability of the cell is selected as the RACH of the access, and the terminal sends a request for accessing the cell to the base station by using the selected RACH, and the terminal can obtain the busy index of the cell and the congestion index of each RACH by receiving the system broadcast information and the downlink control information sent by the base station, and Combining the priority index of the service to calculate the probability of accessing the cell through each RACH, it can ensure that the terminal with high service priority accesses the cell of the base station with a higher access probability.

请参阅图5，图5是本发明实施例的一种接入基站小区的方法的第三实施例的流程示意图。Referring to FIG. 5, FIG. 5 is a third implementation of a method for accessing a base station cell according to an embodiment of the present invention. The flow chart of the example.

如图5所示，本发明实施例的一种接入基站小区的方法的第三实施例可以包括如下步骤。As shown in FIG. 5, a third embodiment of a method for accessing a base station cell according to an embodiment of the present invention may include the following steps.

S500，基站获取所述基站所服务的小区的繁忙指数以及所述小区的各个随机接入信道RACH的拥塞指数。S500. The base station acquires a busy index of a cell served by the base station, and a congestion index of each random access channel RACH of the cell.

具体实现中，基站可通过统计小区内空口资源的占用比例来确定小区的繁忙指数，小区的资源为空口资源，空口资源为该手机与基站之间用来传输信息的高频频率资源。其中，能够用来传输信息的频率资源是有限的，因此，基站可通过小区内空口资源的使用情况来统计空口资源的占用比例。基站可根据空口资源的占用比例设定繁忙指数，因此，繁忙指数既可以指示小区的空口资源占用的比例，也可以指示小区的空口资源空闲的比例。In a specific implementation, the base station can determine the busy index of the cell by counting the proportion of the air interface resources in the cell, and the resource of the cell is an air interface resource, and the air interface resource is a high frequency frequency resource used for transmitting information between the mobile phone and the base station. The frequency resource that can be used to transmit information is limited. Therefore, the base station can count the occupancy ratio of the air interface resource by using the air interface resource in the cell. The base station can set the busy index according to the proportion of the air interface resources. Therefore, the busy index can indicate the proportion of the air interface resource occupied by the cell, and can also indicate the proportion of the air interface resource idleness of the cell.

可选的，所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站根据所述基站统计的所述各个RACH的误比特率确定，所述误比特率为所述基站在接收所述终端通过所述各个RACH发送的接入所述小区的请求时所述基站解析所述请求错误而产生的误比特的比例；或者，所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站根据所述各个RACH在预设时间段内发生拥塞的次数确定；又或者，所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站根据所述各个RACH发生拥塞的时间段在所述预设时间段中占有的比例确定。Optionally, the congestion index of each RACH is determined by the base station according to a bit error rate of each RACH that is calculated by the base station, where the bit error rate is that the base station receives the terminal through the respective RACH. The proportion of the bit errors generated by the base station to parse the request error when the request for accessing the cell is sent; or the congestion index of each RACH is determined by the base station according to the respective RACH within a preset time period The number of occurrences of congestion is determined; or, the congestion index of each RACH is determined by the ratio of the base station occupying the preset time period according to the time period during which the respective RACH is congested.

具体实现中，基站可根据各个RACH的误比特率确定各个RACH的拥塞指数。误比特率是一种衡量信道质量的重要参数，其是指错误接收的信息量在传送信息总量中所占的比例，或者说是码元的信息量在传输***中被丢失的概率。当RACH接收的信号能量较高时若噪声能量也高，则降低RACH的信噪比，导致基站容易错误地解析消息。因此，基站可在预设时间内统计出现的误比特，从而得到误比特率。基站统计得到误比特率为现有技术，本实施例则不再赘述。In a specific implementation, the base station may determine a congestion index of each RACH according to a bit error rate of each RACH. The bit error rate is an important parameter for measuring channel quality, which refers to the proportion of the amount of information received by mistake in the total amount of transmitted information, or the probability that the amount of information of the symbol is lost in the transmission system. When the signal energy received by the RACH is high, if the noise energy is also high, the signal noise of the RACH is lowered. This causes the base station to easily parse the message erroneously. Therefore, the base station can count the occurrence of the error bit within the preset time, thereby obtaining the bit error rate. The bit error rate of the base station is the prior art, and will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

具体实现中，基站还可根据各个RACH在预设时间段内发生的拥塞的次数确定。当其中一个RACH在预设时间内出现的误比特大于或等于第一预设值(或者该RACH在预设时间内的误比特率大于或等于第二预设值)时，基站可判断该RACH上存在至少一个终端发生了碰撞，因而导致该RACH发生拥塞。具体的，基站可将预设时间拆分为至少两个统计周期，例如三个统计周期。基站可分别在各个统计周期内统计该RACH上终端发生拥塞的次数，通过滑动平均算法计算得到该RACH的拥塞指数。In a specific implementation, the base station may also determine, according to the number of times of congestion that each RACH occurs within a preset time period. When the error bit of one of the RACHs in the preset time is greater than or equal to the first preset value (or the bit error rate of the RACH in the preset time is greater than or equal to the second preset value), the base station may determine the RACH. At least one terminal has a collision, which causes congestion of the RACH. Specifically, the base station may split the preset time into at least two statistical periods, for example, three statistical periods. The base station can separately count the number of times the terminal is congested on the RACH in each statistical period, and calculate the congestion index of the RACH by using a moving average algorithm.

具体的，例如，第一个统计周期内该RACH上终端发生拥塞的次数为M1，第二个统计周期内该RACH上终端发生拥塞的次数为M2，第三个统计周期内该RACH上终端发生拥塞的次数为M3。基站可设置滑动平均参数a，其中，滑动平均参数a大于或等于0且小于等于1。基站可根据滑动平均算法公式M＝(1-a)*M(x)+a*M(x+1)计算该RACH在3个统计周期内的拥塞指数，其中，变量M(x)为第x个统计周期内该RACH发生拥塞的次数。由此，基站可根据上述公式计算第一个统计周期发生拥塞的次数与第二个统计周期发生拥塞的次数的滑动平均值M(1)，即M(1)＝(1-a)*M1+a*M2。第二个统计周期发生拥塞的次数与第三个统计周期发生拥塞的次数的滑动平均值为M(2)＝(1-a)*M2+a*M3。因此，该RACH的拥塞指数则为M(1)与M(2)的滑动平均值M，即M＝(1-a)*M(1)+a*M(2)。Specifically, for example, the number of times the terminal is congested on the RACH in the first statistical period is M1, the number of times the terminal on the RACH is congested in the second statistical period is M2, and the terminal on the RACH occurs in the third statistical period. The number of congestions is M3. The base station can set a moving average parameter a, wherein the moving average parameter a is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1. The base station may calculate a congestion index of the RACH in three statistical periods according to a moving average algorithm formula M=(1-a)*M(x)+a*M(x+1), where the variable M(x) is the first The number of times the RACH has been congested during x statistical periods. Therefore, the base station can calculate, according to the above formula, a sliding average M(1) of the number of times the congestion occurs in the first statistical period and the number of times the congestion occurs in the second statistical period, that is, M(1)=(1-a)*M1 +a*M2. The sliding average of the number of times the congestion occurs in the second statistical period and the number of times the congestion occurs in the third statistical period is M(2)=(1-a)*M2+a*M3. Therefore, the congestion index of the RACH is the moving average M of M(1) and M(2), that is, M=(1-a)*M(1)+a*M(2).

具体实现中，基站还可根据各个RACH发生拥塞的时间段在预设时间段中占有的比例确定。具体的，基站也可将预设时间分为至少两个统计周期，例如三个统计周期。基站可分别在各个统计周期内记录该RACH上终端发生拥塞累积的时间段，并计算记录的时间段在各个统计周期内占的比例，如第一个统计周期内发生拥塞累计的时间段所占的比例为T1，第二个统计周期内发生拥塞累计的时间段所占的比例为T2，第三个统计周期内发生拥塞累计的时间段所占的比例为T3。再根据T1、T2及T3通过滑动平均算法计算得到该RACH的拥塞指数。基站根据T1、T2及T3计算得到该RACH的拥塞指数的方式可参照上述基站根据拥塞次数计算得到RACH的拥塞指数的方式，本实施例则不再赘述。In a specific implementation, the base station may also determine the proportion of the time period in which each RACH is congested in the preset time period. Specifically, the base station may also divide the preset time into at least two statistical periods, for example, three statistical periods. The base station can record the time period in which the terminal accumulates congestion on the RACH in each statistical period, and calculate the proportion of the recorded time period in each statistical period, such as the time period in which the congestion accumulation occurs in the first statistical period. The proportion of the time period is T1, the proportion of the time period in which the congestion is accumulated in the second statistical period is T2, and the proportion of the time period in which the congestion is accumulated in the third statistical period is T3. Then, according to T1, T2 and T3, the congestion index of the RACH is calculated by a moving average algorithm. The manner in which the base station calculates the congestion index of the RACH according to T1, T2, and T3 may be The manner in which the base station calculates the congestion index of the RACH according to the number of congestions is not described in this embodiment.

S501，所述基站向终端发送***广播信息以及下行控制信息，所述***广播信息携带所述小区的繁忙指数，所述下行控制信息携带所述小区的各个RACH的拥塞指数。S501: The base station sends system broadcast information and downlink control information to the terminal, where the system broadcast information carries a busy index of the cell, and the downlink control information carries a congestion index of each RACH of the cell.

具体实现中，基站在统计小区的繁忙指数以及小区的各个RACH的拥塞指数之后，基站可将小区的繁忙指数以及小区的各个RACH的拥塞指数分别由SIB以及DCI携带。基站每隔预设时间段即广播SIB以及DCI，当终端需要发起业务时，终端接收基站发送的SIB以及DCI，并分别从接收的SIB以及DCI中提取小区的繁忙指数以及小区的各个RACH的拥塞指数。In a specific implementation, after the base station counts the busy index of the cell and the congestion index of each RACH of the cell, the base station may carry the busy index of the cell and the congestion index of each RACH of the cell by the SIB and the DCI, respectively. The base station broadcasts the SIB and the DCI every preset time period. When the terminal needs to initiate the service, the terminal receives the SIB and the DCI sent by the base station, and extracts the busy index of the cell and the congestion of each RACH of the cell from the received SIB and the DCI, respectively. index.

可选的，终端向基站的小区发起的业务可为上行业务。Optionally, the service initiated by the terminal to the cell of the base station may be an uplink service.

具体实现中，SIB可为其中一种***信息(SI，System Information)，例如SIB可为第一类型的SI，即SI1，如图6所示为SI1的原有结构示意图，SI1的原有结构包括SI类型(SI Type)信息、***帧号(SFN，System Frame Number)信息、***信息价值标签(System Information Value Tag)信息、扩展访问限制的***信息价值标签(System Information Value Tag for Extended Access Barring)信息、小区接入相关信息(Cell Access Related Infomation)信息、共同公用陆地移动网的访问控制(Access Control for Common Public Land Mobile Network)信息以及小区选择参数(Cell Selection Parameters)信息。In a specific implementation, the SIB may be one of the system information (SI), for example, the SIB may be the first type of SI, that is, SI1, as shown in FIG. 6, the original structure of the SI1, and the original structure of the SI1. Includes SI Type information, System Frame Number (SFN) information, System Information Value Tag information, and System Information Value Tag for Extended Access Barring. Information, Cell Access Related Infomation information, Access Control for Common Public Land Mobile Network information, and Cell Selection Parameters information.

具体实现中，基站可在SI1的原有结构基础上增添预设长度的字段来指示小区的繁忙指数，即如图7所示，基站可在SI1上添加繁忙指数(Busy Index)信息来指示小区的繁忙指数。当终端接收到基站发送的SIB时，则可通过SIB获取小区的繁忙指数。In a specific implementation, the base station may add a preset length field to indicate the busy index of the cell based on the original structure of the SI1, that is, as shown in FIG. 7, the base station may add a Busy Index information to the SI1 to indicate the cell. Busy index. When the terminal receives the SIB sent by the base station, the busyness index of the cell can be obtained through the SIB.

作为一种可实施的方式，SI1的繁忙指数的字段长度可设置为1比特、4比特等任意长度，字段的长度可根据SI1的存储容量设定。例如，在图7中基站可将繁忙指数的字段长度设置为4比特，且繁忙指数信息内指示的数值可用于指示小区的空口资源占用的比例，如数值“0”可表示小区的空口资源占用的比例为小于或等于10％；数值“1”可表示小区的空口资源占用的比例为10％至20％；数值“2”可表示小区的空口资源占用的比例为20％至30％；数值“5”可表示小区的空口资源占用的比例为50％至60％；数值“10-15”可预留作基站当前空口资源占用的其他比例。As an implementable manner, the field length of the busy index of SI1 can be set to any length of 1 bit, 4 bits, etc., and the length of the field can be set according to the storage capacity of SI1. For example, in FIG. 7, the base station can set the field length of the busy index to 4 bits, and the value indicated in the busy index information is available. The ratio of the air interface resource occupancy of the indication cell, such as the value "0", indicates that the ratio of the air interface resource occupancy of the cell is less than or equal to 10%; the value "1" indicates that the ratio of the air interface resource occupancy of the cell is 10% to 20%. The value "2" may indicate that the proportion of the air interface resource occupied by the cell is 20% to 30%; the value "5" may indicate that the proportion of the air interface resource occupied by the cell is 50% to 60%; the value "10-15" may be reserved. As a proportion of the current air interface resources occupied by the base station.

作为一种可实施的方式，繁忙指数信息内指示的数值还可用于指示小区的空口资源空闲的比例，如数值“0”可表示小区的空口资源空闲的比例为大于或等于90％；数值“1”可表示小区的空口资源空闲的比例为80％至90％；数值“2”可表示小区的空口资源空闲的比例为70％至80％；数值“9”可表示小区的空口资源空闲的比例为小于或等于10％；数值“10-15”则可预留作基站当前资源空闲的其他比例。As an implementable manner, the value indicated in the busy index information may also be used to indicate the proportion of the air interface resource idleness of the cell. For example, the value “0” may indicate that the ratio of the air interface resource idleness of the cell is greater than or equal to 90%; 1" may indicate that the proportion of the air interface resource idleness of the cell is 80% to 90%; the value "2" may indicate that the ratio of the air interface resource idleness of the cell is 70% to 80%; the value "9" may indicate that the air interface resource of the cell is idle. The ratio is less than or equal to 10%; the value "10-15" can be reserved as other ratios for the current resource of the base station to be idle.

作为一种可实施的方式，繁忙指数的字段长度还可设置为3比特，则当繁忙指数信息内指示的数值用于指示小区的空口资源占用的比例时，数值“0”则可表示小区的空口资源占用的比例为小于或等于10％；数值“1”则可表示小区的空口资源占用的比例为10％至30％；数值“2”则可表示小区的空口资源占用的比例为30％至50％；数值“3”则可表示小区的空口资源占用的比例为50％至70％；数值“4”则可表示小区的空口资源占用的比例为70％至90％；数值“5”则可表示小区的空口资源占用的比例为大于或等于90％。As an implementable manner, the field length of the busy index may also be set to 3 bits, and when the value indicated in the busy index information is used to indicate the proportion of the air interface resource occupancy of the cell, the value “0” may represent the cell. The proportion of air interface resources occupied is less than or equal to 10%; the value "1" indicates that the proportion of air interface resources occupied by the cell is 10% to 30%; the value "2" indicates that the proportion of air interface resources occupied by the cell is 30%. Up to 50%; the value "3" indicates that the ratio of the air interface resource occupancy of the cell is 50% to 70%; the value "4" indicates that the ratio of the air interface resource occupancy of the cell is 70% to 90%; the value "5" The ratio of the air interface resource occupancy of the cell may be greater than or equal to 90%.

作为一种可实施的方式，繁忙指数的字段长度还可为设置1比特，则当繁忙指数信息内指示的数值用于指示小区的空口资源占用的比例时，数值“0”则可表示小区的空口资源占用的比例为小于或等于50％；数值“1”则可表示小区的空口资源占用的比例为大于或等于50％。As an implementable manner, the field length of the busy index may also be set to 1 bit, and when the value indicated in the busy index information is used to indicate the proportion of the air interface resource occupancy of the cell, the value “0” may represent the cell. The proportion of air interface resources occupied is less than or equal to 50%; the value "1" indicates that the proportion of air interface resources occupied by the cell is greater than or equal to 50%.

作为一种可实施的方式，繁忙指数的字段长度还可设置为其他比特，本实施例则不作限定。As an implementation manner, the length of the field of the busy index may also be set to other bits, which is not limited in this embodiment.

具体实现中，如图8所示，图8是基站在DCI中增添各个RACH的拥塞指数后的结构示意图，基站可修改DCI中的RACH配置信息，在DCI中的RACH配置信息的原有结构基础上增添预设长度的字段来指示各个RACH的拥塞指数，即如图8所示，基站通过在DCI中的RACH配置信息上添加拥塞指数(Congestion index)来指示各个RACH的拥塞指数。当终端接收到基站发送的DCI时，则可通过DCI获取各个RACH的拥塞指数。其中，DCI的拥塞指数的字段长度可分别设置为1比特、3比特或4比特等长度，字段的长度可根据DCI的存储容量设定。例如，图8中基站可将拥塞指数的字段长度设置为2比特，则数值“0”可表示该RACH的拥塞程度为正常，数值“1”可表示该RACH的拥塞程度为轻微拥塞，数值“2”可表示该RACH的拥塞程度为拥塞，数值“3”可表示该RACH的拥塞程度为严重拥塞。In a specific implementation, as shown in FIG. 8, FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station adding a congestion index of each RACH in a DCI, where the base station can modify the RACH configuration information in the DCI, and the original structural basis of the RACH configuration information in the DCI. A preset length field is added to indicate a congestion index of each RACH. As shown in FIG. 8, the base station indicates a congestion index of each RACH by adding a congestion index to the RACH configuration information in the DCI. When the terminal receives the base station When the DCI is sent, the congestion index of each RACH can be obtained through DCI. The length of the field of the DCI congestion index may be set to be 1 bit, 3 bits, or 4 bits, respectively, and the length of the field may be set according to the storage capacity of the DCI. For example, the base station in FIG. 8 may set the field length of the congestion index to 2 bits, and the value “0” may indicate that the congestion degree of the RACH is normal, and the value “1” may indicate that the congestion degree of the RACH is a slight congestion, and the value “ 2" may indicate that the congestion degree of the RACH is congestion, and the value "3" may indicate that the congestion degree of the RACH is severe congestion.

作为一种可实施的方式，如图9所示，DCI还可为另一种SI，即DCI可为第二类型的SI，即SI2，其中，如图9所示为SI2的原有结构示意图，SI2的原有结构包括SI类型信息、SI类型的广播信道(SI Type Broadcast Channel)信息、寻呼控制信道配置(Paging Control Channel Config)信息、上行链路功率控制参数(Uplink Power Control Parameter)信息、计时表(Timer List)、DCI配置表(DCI Configuration List)信息、常见RACH配置信息目录(Common RACH config list)信息以及RACH控制参数(RACH Control Parameter)信息。RACH的配置信息可用SI2中的常见RACH配置目录信息指示，RACH的个数由N1表示，若每个RACH的配置信息的长度为15比特，且每个RACH的配置信息按顺序排列，因此常见RACH配置目录信息的总长度为15*N1比特。As an implementation manner, as shown in FIG. 9, the DCI may be another SI, that is, the DCI may be a second type of SI, that is, SI2, where, as shown in FIG. 9, the original structure of the SI2 is shown. The original structure of the SI2 includes SI type information, SI type broadcast channel information, paging control channel configuration (Paging Control Channel Config) information, and uplink power control parameter information. , Timer List, DCI Configuration List information, Common RACH Config list information, and RACH Control Parameter information. The configuration information of the RACH can be indicated by the common RACH configuration directory information in the SI2. The number of RACHs is represented by N1. If the length of the configuration information of each RACH is 15 bits, and the configuration information of each RACH is arranged in order, the common RACH is used. The total length of the configuration directory information is 15*N1 bits.

具体实现中，如图10所示，基站可通过在SI2中添加拥塞指数表(Congestion Index List)来指示N1个RACH中各个RACH的拥塞指数。其中，拥塞指数目录的字段总长度等于每个RACH的拥塞指数的字段长度与N1的乘积。拥塞指数的字段长度可分别设置为1比特、3比特或4比特等长度，字段的长度可根据SI2的存储容量设定。例如，若每个RACH的拥塞指数采用1比特表示，则拥塞指数目录的字段总长度为N1比特；若每个RACH的拥塞指数采用2比特表示，则拥塞指数目录的字段总长度为2*N1比特。此外，拥塞指数目录的每个拥塞指数所指示的RACH的排列顺序与常见RACH配置信息目录中每个RACH的配置信息的排列顺序一一对应。In a specific implementation, as shown in FIG. 10, the base station may indicate a congestion index of each RACH in the N1 RACHs by adding a congestion index list in the SI2. The total length of the field in the congestion index directory is equal to the product of the field length of each RACH congestion index and N1. The field length of the congestion index may be set to a length of 1 bit, 3 bits, or 4 bits, respectively, and the length of the field may be set according to the storage capacity of SI2. For example, if the congestion index of each RACH is represented by 1 bit, the total length of the field of the congestion index directory is N1 bits; if the congestion index of each RACH is represented by 2 bits, the total length of the field of the congestion index directory is 2*N1. Bit. In addition, the order of RACH indicated by each congestion index of the congestion index directory is in one-to-one correspondence with the order of arrangement of configuration information of each RACH in the common RACH configuration information directory.

S502，所述基站接收所述终端通过所述终端选取的RACH发送的接入所述小区的请求，所述选取的RACH是由所述终端根据接收的所述小区的繁忙指数、所述各个RACH的拥塞指数以及获取的需要发起的业务的优先级指数计算所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率，再根据所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率确定的。S502. The base station receives, by the terminal, a request for accessing the cell by using a RACH selected by the terminal, where the selected RACH is determined by the terminal according to the received busyness index of the cell, and each RACH. The congestion index and the obtained priority index of the service to be initiated are calculated by the probability that the terminal accesses the cell through the respective RACH, and then according to the terminal Determined by the probability that each RACH accesses the cell.

具体实现中，终端分别计算出终端通过第一RACH、第二RACH以及第三RACH的概率为P1、P2以及P3后，根据概率P1、P2以及P3选取接入的RACH。终端在确定接入的RACH之后，通过选取的RACH向基站发送接入小区的请求。In a specific implementation, after determining that the probability that the terminal passes the first RACH, the second RACH, and the third RACH is P1, P2, and P3, the terminal selects the accessed RACH according to the probabilities P1, P2, and P3. After determining the RACH of the access, the terminal sends a request for accessing the cell to the base station by using the selected RACH.

请参阅图11，图11是本发明实施例的一种终端的一实施例的结构示意图。如图11所示的终端包括接收模块1100、获取模块1101、计算模块1102、选取模块1103以及发送模块1104，其中： Referring to FIG. 11, FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention. The terminal shown in FIG. 11 includes a receiving module 1100, an obtaining module 1101, a calculating module 1102, a selecting module 1103, and a sending module 1104, where:

接收模块1100，用于接收基站发送的***广播信息以及下行控制信息，所述***广播信息携带所述基站所服务的小区的繁忙指数，所述下行控制信息携带所述小区的各个随机接入信道RACH的拥塞指数；The receiving module 1100 is configured to receive system broadcast information and downlink control information sent by the base station, where the system broadcast information carries a busy index of a cell served by the base station, where the downlink control information carries each random access channel of the cell RACH congestion index;

获取模块1101，用于根据当前需要发起的业务的优先级获取所述业务的优先级指数；The obtaining module 1101 is configured to obtain a priority index of the service according to a priority of a service that is currently required to be initiated;

计算模块1102，用于根据所述获取模块1101获取的所述业务的优先级指数、所述接收模块1100接收的所述小区的繁忙指数以及所述各个RACH的拥塞指数计算终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率；The calculation module 1102 is configured to calculate, according to the priority index of the service acquired by the acquiring module 1101, the busy index of the cell received by the receiving module 1100, and the congestion index of each RACH, the terminal through the respective RACH The probability of accessing the cell;

选取模块1103，用于根据所述计算模块1102计算的所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率选取接入的RACH；The selecting module 1103 is configured to select, according to the probability that the terminal calculated by the calculating module 1102 to access the cell by using each RACH, the RACH that is accessed;

发送模块1104，用于通过所述选取模块1103选取的RACH向所述基站发送接入所述小区的请求。The sending module 1104 is configured to send, by using the RACH selected by the selecting module 1103, a request for accessing the cell to the base station.

具体实现中，终端分别计算出终端通过第一RACH、第二RACH以及第三RACH的概率为P1、P2以及P3后，根据概率P1、P2以及P3选取接入的 RACH。In a specific implementation, after determining, by the terminal, that the probability of the terminal passing the first RACH, the second RACH, and the third RACH is P1, P2, and P3, the terminal selects access according to the probabilities P1, P2, and P3. RACH.

可选的，如图12所示，所述计算模块1102包括分配单元11021以及运算单元11022。Optionally, as shown in FIG. 12, the calculation module 1102 includes an allocation unit 11021 and an operation unit 11022.

分配单元11021，用于分别为所述业务的优先级指数、所述小区的繁忙指数以及所述各个RACH的拥塞指数分配权重；The allocating unit 11021 is configured to allocate weights for the priority index of the service, the busy index of the cell, and the congestion index of each RACH, respectively;

运算单元11022，用于对所述分配单元11021分配权重后的所述业务的优先级指数、所述小区的繁忙指数以及所述各个RACH的拥塞指数进行加权运算，得到所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率。The operation unit 11022 is configured to perform a weighting operation on the priority index of the service, the busy index of the cell, and the congestion index of each RACH after the weighting of the service by the allocation unit 11021, to obtain that the terminal passes each The probability that the RACH accesses the cell.

1号公式：P＝a*(1-小区的繁忙指数/10)+b*(1-RACH的拥塞指数/10)+c* 业务的优先级指数；Formula 1: P = a * (1 - busy index of the cell / 10) + b * (1 - RACH congestion index / 10) + c * Business priority index;

具体的，若当前第一终端和第二终端均需要向基站的小区发起业务，其中，第一终端欲向基站发起的业务为普通业务，第二终端欲向基站发起的业务为紧急业务，则第一终端和第二终端均接收基站发送的SIB和DCI。若第一终端和第二终端接收到基站发送的DCI中包括3个RACH(包括第一RACH、第二RACH以及第三RACH)，则第一终端和第二终端从SIB获取到小区的繁忙指数，并从DCI中获取到第一RACH的拥塞指数、第二RACH的拥塞指数以及第三RACH的拥塞指数。Specifically, if both the first terminal and the second terminal need to initiate a service to the cell of the base station, where the service that the first terminal wants to initiate to the base station is a normal service, and the service that the second terminal wants to initiate to the base station is an emergency service, Both the first terminal and the second terminal receive the SIB and DCI transmitted by the base station. If the first terminal and the second terminal receive the three RACHs (including the first RACH, the second RACH, and the third RACH) in the DCI sent by the base station, the first terminal and the second terminal acquire the busy index of the cell from the SIB. And obtaining, from the DCI, a congestion index of the first RACH, a congestion index of the second RACH, and a congestion index of the third RACH.

具体的，若第一终端和第二终端使用1号公式(P＝a*(1-小区的繁忙指数/10)+b*(1-RACH的拥塞指数/10)+c*业务的优先级指数)计算，终端为业务的优先级指数、小区的繁忙指数以及各个RACH的拥塞指数分配的权重(即权重a、权重b以及权重c)均为1，则第一终端计算得到的通过第一RACH、第二RACH以及第三RACH接入小区的概率P分别为P1＝1.6、P2＝1.5以及P3＝1.4；第二终端计算得到的通过第一RACH、第二RACH以及第三RACH接入小区的概率P则分别为P1’＝2.3、P2’＝2.2以及P3’＝2.1。 Specifically, if the first terminal and the second terminal use the formula No. 1 (P=a*(1-cell busy index/10)+b*(1-RACH congestion index/10)+c* service priority According to the calculation, the weight of the priority index of the service, the busy index of the cell, and the congestion index of each RACH (ie, the weight a, the weight b, and the weight c) are all 1, and the first terminal calculates the first through The probability P of the RACH, the second RACH, and the third RACH access cell are P1=1.6, P2=1.5, and P3=1.4, respectively; the second RACH, the second RACH, and the third RACH access cell calculated by the second terminal are calculated. The probability P is P1' = 2.3, P2' = 2.2, and P3' = 2.1, respectively.

可选的，如图12所示，所述选取模块1103包括获取单元11031以及确定单元11032。Optionally, as shown in FIG. 12, the selection module 1103 includes an obtaining unit 11031 and a determining unit 11032.

获取单元11031，用于获取通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的阈值；An obtaining unit 11031, configured to acquire a threshold for accessing the cell by using each RACH;

确定单元11032，用于从K个RACH中确定所述选取的RACH，所述K个RACH为所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率大于或等于接入所述小区的阈值所对应的RACH，所述K为正整数。The determining unit 11032 is configured to determine the selected RACH from the K RACHs, where the probability that the K RACH accesses the cell by using the RACH is greater than or equal to a threshold for accessing the cell Corresponding RACH, the K is a positive integer.

可选的，所述确定单元，具体用于从所述K个RACH中确定所述终端接入所述小区的概率最大的RACH为所述选取模块1103选取的RACH。Optionally, the determining unit is specifically configured to determine, from the K RACHs, that the RACH with the highest probability that the terminal accesses the cell is the RACH selected by the selecting module 1103.

可选的，如图12所示，所述终端还包括确定模块1105。Optionally, as shown in FIG. 12, the terminal further includes a determining module 1105.

确定模块1105，用于根据所述终端通过所述选取模块1103选取的RACH接入所述小区的概率确定所述选取模块1103选取的RACH中能够接入的分配单元；a determining module 1105, configured to determine, according to a probability that the RACH selected by the terminal by the selecting module 1103 to access the cell, an access that can be accessed by the RACH selected by the selecting module 1103 unit;

则所述发送模块1104，具体用于：The sending module 1104 is specifically configured to:

具体的，在上一实施例中，由于第一终端只能通过第一RACH向基站发送接入小区的请求，因此第一终端可获取第一RACH包括的分配单元的数量(例如第一RACH包括的分配单元的数量为Q2＝8)，再将第一终端通过第一RACH接入小区的概率P1＝1.6代入公式Q1＝min(2^ceil(P)，Q2)得到第一终端能够选择的分配单元的数量为Q1＝4。因此，第一终端能够选择接入的分配单元的数量为4。Specifically, in the previous embodiment, since the first terminal can only send a request for accessing the cell to the base station by using the first RACH, the first terminal may acquire the number of allocation units included in the first RACH (for example, the first RACH includes The number of allocation units is Q2=8), and the probability that the first terminal accesses the cell through the first RACH is substituted into the formula Q1=min(2^ceil(P), Q2) to obtain the first terminal. The number of allocation units is Q1=4. Therefore, the number of allocation units that the first terminal can select to access is four.

具体实现中，第一终端在利用ceil函数计算出第一终端能够选择接入的分配单元的数量为4之后，第一终端可在第一RACH包括的4个分配单元中任意选择一个分配单元接入。第二终端在利用ceil函数计算出第二终端能够选择接入的分配单元的数量为8之后，第二终端能够在第一RACH包括的8个分配单元中任意选择一个分配单元接入。如图4所示，第一终端和第二终端在各自选取的分配单元指示的允许终端接入的时隙向基站发送接入小区的请求，并且需在分配单元指示的时间长度结束前完成请求的发送。 In a specific implementation, after the first terminal calculates, by using the ceil function, that the number of allocation units that the first terminal can select to access is 4, the first terminal may arbitrarily select one of the four allocation units included in the first RACH. In. After the second terminal calculates the number of allocation units that the second terminal can select to access by using the ceil function, the second terminal can arbitrarily select one of the eight allocation units included in the first RACH to access. As shown in FIG. 4, the first terminal and the second terminal send a request for accessing the cell to the base station in the time slot indicated by the respective selected allocation unit to allow the terminal to access, and the request is completed before the end of the time indicated by the allocation unit. Send.

可选的，所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站根据所述基站统计的所述各个RACH的误比特率确定，所述误比特率为所述基站在接收所述终端通过所述各个RACH发送的接入所述小区的请求时所述基站解析所述请求错误而产生的误比特的比例，或者，所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站根据所述各个RACH在预设时间段内发生拥塞的次数确定，或者，所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站根据所述各个RACH发生拥塞的时间段在所述预设时间段中占有的比例确定。Optionally, the congestion index of each RACH is determined by the base station according to a bit error rate of each RACH that is calculated by the base station, where the bit error rate is that the base station receives the terminal through the respective RACH. The proportion of the bit errors generated by the base station to parse the request error when the request for accessing the cell is sent, or the congestion index of each RACH is determined by the base station according to the RACH in a preset time period. The number of times the congestion occurs is determined, or the congestion index of each RACH is determined by the base station according to the proportion of the time period during which the respective RACHs are congested in the preset time period.

请参阅图13，图13是本发明实施例的一种终端的第三实施例的结构示意图。如图13所示的终端包括接收装置1300、发送装置1301以及处理器1302(设备的处理器1302的数量可以为一个或多个，图13中以一个处理器为例)。在本发明实施例中，接收装置1300、发送装置1301以及处理器1302可通过总线或其他方式连接，其中，图13中以通过总线连接为例。Referring to FIG. 13, FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention. The terminal shown in FIG. 13 includes a receiving device 1300, a transmitting device 1301, and a processor 1302 (the number of processors 1302 of the device may be one or more, and one processor in FIG. 13 is taken as an example). In the embodiment of the present invention, the receiving device 1300, the transmitting device 1301, and the processor 1302 may be connected by a bus or other manner, wherein the bus connection is taken as an example in FIG.

所述接收装置1300，用于接收基站发送的***广播信息以及下行控制信息，所述***广播信息携带所述基站所服务的小区的繁忙指数，所述下行控制信息携带所述小区的各个随机接入信道RACH的拥塞指数；The receiving device 1300 is configured to receive system broadcast information and a downlink control signal sent by the base station. The system broadcast information carries a busy index of a cell served by the base station, where the downlink control information carries a congestion index of each random access channel RACH of the cell;

所述处理器1302，用于根据当前需要发起的业务的优先级获取所述业务的优先级指数；The processor 1302 is configured to obtain a priority index of the service according to a priority of a service that is currently required to be initiated;

所述处理器1302，还用于根据所述业务的优先级指数、所述小区的繁忙指数以及所述各个RACH的拥塞指数计算所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率；The processor 1302 is further configured to calculate, according to a priority index of the service, a busy index of the cell, and a congestion index of each RACH, a probability that the terminal accesses the cell by using each RACH;

所述处理器1302，还用于根据所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率选取接入的RACH；The processor 1302 is further configured to select an RACH that is accessed according to a probability that the terminal accesses the cell by using each RACH;

所述发送装置1301，用于通过选取的RACH向所述基站发送接入所述小区的请求。The sending device 1301 is configured to send, by using the selected RACH, a request for accessing the cell to the base station.

具体实现中，终端分别计算出终端通过第一RACH、第二RACH以及第三RACH的概率为P1、P2以及P3后，根据概率P1、P2以及P3选取接入的RACH。 In a specific implementation, after determining that the probability that the terminal passes the first RACH, the second RACH, and the third RACH is P1, P2, and P3, the terminal selects the accessed RACH according to the probabilities P1, P2, and P3.

可选的，所述处理器1302根据所述业务的优先级指数、所述小区的繁忙指数以及所述各个RACH的拥塞指数计算所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率，执行如下步骤：Optionally, the processor 1302 calculates, according to a priority index of the service, a busy index of the cell, and a congestion index of each RACH, a probability that the terminal accesses the cell by using each RACH, and performs The following steps:

所述处理器1302分别为所述业务的优先级指数、所述小区的繁忙指数以及所述各个RACH的拥塞指数分配权重；The processor 1302 allocates weights for a priority index of the service, a busy index of the cell, and a congestion index of each RACH, respectively;

所述处理器1302对分配权重后的所述业务的优先级指数、所述小区的繁忙指数以及所述各个RACH的拥塞指数进行加权运算，得到所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率。The processor 1302 performs a weighting operation on the priority index of the service, the busy index of the cell, and the congestion index of each RACH, to obtain that the terminal accesses the cell by using each RACH. The probability.

作为一种可实施的方式，当基站将繁忙指数的字段长度设置为4比特，且繁忙指数用于指示小区的空口资源占用的比例时，繁忙指数的数值则例如可为 “5”(数值“5”可表示小区的空口资源占用的比例为50％至60％)。当基站将拥塞指数的字段长度设置为2比特时，则第一RACH的拥塞指数、第二RACH的拥塞指数以及第三RACH的拥塞指数例如可分别为0、1以及2(数值“0”可表示该RACH的拥塞程度为正常，数值“1”可表示该RACH的拥塞程度为轻微拥塞，数值“2”可表示该RACH的拥塞程度为拥塞)。As an implementable manner, when the base station sets the field length of the busy index to 4 bits, and the busy index is used to indicate the proportion of the air interface resource occupancy of the cell, the value of the busy index may be, for example, "5" (the value "5" may indicate that the ratio of the air interface resource occupancy of the cell is 50% to 60%). When the base station sets the length of the field of the congestion index to 2 bits, the congestion index of the first RACH, the congestion index of the second RACH, and the congestion index of the third RACH may be 0, 1, and 2, respectively (the value "0" may be It indicates that the congestion degree of the RACH is normal, the value "1" indicates that the congestion degree of the RACH is slight congestion, and the value "2" indicates that the congestion degree of the RACH is congestion).

可选的，所述处理器1302根据所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率选取接入的RACH，执行如下步骤：Optionally, the processor 1302 selects an RACH that is accessed according to the probability that the terminal accesses the cell by using the RACH, and performs the following steps:

所述接收装置1300，还用于获取通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的阈值；The receiving device 1300 is further configured to acquire a threshold for accessing the cell by using each RACH;

所述处理器1302从K个RACH中确定所述选取的RACH，所述K个RACH为所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率大于或等于接入所述小区的阈值所对应的RACH，所述K为正整数。The processor 1302 determines the selected RACH from the K RACHs, where the K RACHs are corresponding to a threshold that the terminal accesses the cell through the RACHs is greater than or equal to a threshold for accessing the cell. RACH, the K is a positive integer.

具体实现中，以上述步骤的实施例为例，第一终端通过第一RACH接入小区的概率大于或等于1.6，而第一终端通过第二RACH以及第三RACH接入小区的概率均小于概率阈值P＝1.6；第二终端通过第一RACH、第二RACH以及第三RACH接入小区的概率均大于概率阈值P＝1.6，因此第一终端只能通过第一RACH(K＝1)向基站发送接入小区的请求，而第二终端则可以在第一RACH、第二RACH以及第三RACH中(K＝3)任意选择一个RACH，并通过选择的RACH向基站发送接入小区的请求。In a specific implementation, the example of the foregoing step is used as an example, the probability that the first terminal accesses the cell through the first RACH is greater than or equal to 1.6, and the probability that the first terminal accesses the cell through the second RACH and the third RACH is less than the probability. Threshold P=1.6; the second terminal passes the first RACH and the second RACH And the probability that the third RACH accesses the cell is greater than the probability threshold P=1.6, so the first terminal can only send the request for accessing the cell to the base station through the first RACH (K=1), and the second terminal can be in the first The RACH, the second RACH, and the third RACH (K=3) arbitrarily select one RACH, and send a request to access the cell to the base station through the selected RACH.

可选的，所述处理器1302从所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率大于或等于接入所述小区的阈值所属的RACH中确定所述选取的RACH，执行如下步骤：Optionally, the processor 1302 determines the selected RACH from the RACH in which the probability that the terminal accesses the cell by using the RACH is greater than or equal to the threshold of accessing the cell, and performs the following steps:

所述处理器1302从所述K个RACH中确定所述终端接入所述小区的概率最大的RACH为所述选取的RACH。The processor 1302 determines, from the K RACHs, that the RACH with the highest probability that the terminal accesses the cell is the selected RACH.

可选的，所述处理器1302还执行如下步骤：Optionally, the processor 1302 further performs the following steps:

所述处理器1302根据所述终端通过所述选取的RACH接入所述小区的概率确定所述选取的RACH中能够接入的分配单元；The processor 1302 determines, according to a probability that the terminal accesses the cell by using the selected RACH, an allocation unit that can be accessed in the selected RACH;

则所述发送装置1301，还用于在所述能够接入的分配单元中确定接入的分配单元，并通过所述确定接入的分配单元向所述基站发送接入所述小区的请求。The sending device 1301 is further configured to determine an accessing unit of the access in the accessing unit that is accessible, and send a request for accessing the cell to the base station by using the determining unit that determines the access.

具体实现中，如图4所示为RACH的分配单元的时间总长度的示意图，图中包括至少一个分配单元，终端可根据计算出的通过选取的RACH接入小区的概率P确定能够接入的分配单元。具体的，终端还可确定能够接入的分配单元的数量。终端可通过向上取整(ceil)函数(例如ceil(1.6)＝2，ceil(2.3)＝3)计算出能够接入的分配单元的数量。其计算能够接入的分配单元的数量的公式可为：Q1＝min(2^ceil(P)，Q2)，其中，Q2为RACH中分配单元的数量。In a specific implementation, as shown in FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a total length of time of an allocation unit of a RACH, where the figure includes at least one allocation unit, and the terminal may determine that the access can be accessed according to the calculated probability P of the selected RACH access cell. Distribution unit. Specifically, the terminal may also determine the number of allocation units that can be accessed. The terminal can calculate the number of allocation units that can be accessed by a rounding up ceil function (eg, ceil(1.6)=2, ceil(2.3)=3). The formula for calculating the number of allocation units that can be accessed may be: Q1=min(2^ceil(P), Q2), where Q2 is the number of allocation units in the RACH the amount.

请参阅图14，图14是本发明实施例的一种基站的一实施例的结构示意图。如图14所示的基站包括获取模块1400、发送模块1401以及接收模块1402。Referring to FIG. 14, FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a base station according to an embodiment of the present invention. The base station shown in FIG. 14 includes an obtaining module 1400, a transmitting module 1401, and a receiving module 1402.

获取模块1400，用于获取所述基站所服务的小区的繁忙指数以及所述小区的各个随机接入信道RACH的拥塞指数；An obtaining module 1400, configured to acquire a busy index of a cell served by the base station, and a congestion index of each random access channel RACH of the cell;

发送模块1401，用于向终端发送***广播信息以及下行控制信息，所述***广播信息携带所述获取模块1400获取的小区的繁忙指数，所述下行控制信息携带所述小区的各个RACH的拥塞指数；The sending module 1401 is configured to send the system broadcast information and the downlink control information to the terminal, where the system broadcast information carries the busy index of the cell acquired by the acquiring module 1400, and the downlink control The information carries a congestion index of each RACH of the cell;

接收模块1402，用于接收所述终端通过所述终端选取的RACH发送的接入所述小区的请求，所述选取的RACH是由所述终端根据接收的所述小区的繁忙指数、所述各个RACH的拥塞指数以及获取的需要发起的业务的优先级指数计算所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率，再根据所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率确定的。The receiving module 1402 is configured to receive, by the terminal, a request for accessing the cell by using the RACH selected by the terminal, where the selected RACH is received by the terminal according to the busy index of the cell, and each The congestion index of the RACH and the obtained priority index of the service to be initiated are calculated by the probability that the terminal accesses the cell through the RACH, and then determined according to the probability that the terminal accesses the cell through the RACH. of.

具体实现中，基站可根据各个RACH的误比特率确定各个RACH的拥塞指数。误比特率是一种衡量信道质量的重要参数，其是指错误接收的信息量在传送信息总量中所占的比例，或者说是码元的信息量在传输***中被丢失的概率。当RACH接收的信号能量较高时若噪声能量也高，则降低RACH的信噪比，导致基站容易错误地解析消息。因此，基站可在预设时间内统计出现的误比特，从而得到误比特率。基站统计得到误比特率为现有技术，本实施例则不再赘述。In a specific implementation, the base station may determine a congestion index of each RACH according to a bit error rate of each RACH. The bit error rate is an important parameter to measure the channel quality, which refers to the proportion of the amount of information received by the error in the total amount of transmitted information, or the amount of information of the symbol is lost in the transmission system. rate. When the signal energy of the RACH is high, if the noise energy is also high, the signal-to-noise ratio of the RACH is lowered, which causes the base station to easily parse the message erroneously. Therefore, the base station can count the occurrence of the error bit within the preset time, thereby obtaining the bit error rate. The bit error rate of the base station is the prior art, and will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

具体实现中，基站还可根据各个RACH发生拥塞的时间段在预设时间段中占有的比例确定。具体的，基站也可将预设时间分为至少两个统计周期，例如三个统计周期。基站可分别在各个统计周期内记录该RACH上终端发生拥塞累积的时间段，并计算记录的时间段在各个统计周期内占的比例，如第一个统计周期内发生拥塞累计的时间段所占的比例为T1，第二个统计周期内发生拥塞累计的时间段所占的比例为T2，第三个统计周期内发生拥塞累计的时间段所占的比例为T3。再根据T1、T2及T3通过滑动平均算法计算得到该RACH 的拥塞指数。基站根据T1、T2及T3计算得到该RACH的拥塞指数的方式可参照上述基站根据拥塞次数计算得到RACH的拥塞指数的方式，本实施例则不再赘述。In a specific implementation, the base station may also determine the proportion of the time period in which each RACH is congested in the preset time period. Specifically, the base station may also divide the preset time into at least two statistical periods, for example, three statistical periods. The base station can record the time period in which the terminal accumulates congestion on the RACH in each statistical period, and calculate the proportion of the recorded time period in each statistical period, such as the time period in which the congestion accumulation occurs in the first statistical period. The proportion of the time period is T1, the proportion of the time period in which the congestion is accumulated in the second statistical period is T2, and the proportion of the time period in which the congestion is accumulated in the third statistical period is T3. Then calculate the RACH by the sliding average algorithm according to T1, T2 and T3. Congestion index. The manner in which the base station calculates the congestion index of the RACH according to the T1, the T2, and the T3 can refer to the manner in which the base station calculates the congestion index of the RACH according to the number of congestions, which is not described in this embodiment.

作为一种可实施的方式，SI1的繁忙指数的字段长度可设置为1比特、4比特等任意长度，字段的长度可根据SI1的存储容量设定。例如，在图7中基站可将繁忙指数的字段长度设置为4比特，且繁忙指数信息内指示的数值可用于指示小区的空口资源占用的比例，如数值“0”可表示小区的空口资源占用的比例为小于或等于10％；数值“1”可表示小区的空口资源占用的比例为10％至20％；数值“2”可表示小区的空口资源占用的比例为20％至30％；数值“5”可表示小区的空口资源占用的比例为50％至60％；数值“10-15”可预留作基站当前空口资源占用的其他比例。As an implementable manner, the field length of the busy index of SI1 can be set to any length of 1 bit, 4 bits, etc., and the length of the field can be set according to the storage capacity of SI1. For example, in FIG. 7, the base station may set the length of the field of the busy index to 4 bits, and the value indicated in the busy index information may be used to indicate the proportion of the air interface resource occupation of the cell, for example, the value “0” may indicate the air interface resource occupation of the cell. The ratio is less than or equal to 10%; the value "1" can indicate that the proportion of the air interface resource occupied by the cell is 10%. Up to 20%; the value "2" may indicate that the ratio of the air interface resource occupancy of the cell is 20% to 30%; the value "5" may indicate that the ratio of the air interface resource occupancy of the cell is 50% to 60%; the value "10-15" It can be reserved for other proportions of the current air interface resource occupancy of the base station.

具体实现中，如图8所示，图8是基站在DCI中增添各个RACH的拥塞指数后的结构示意图，基站可修改DCI中的RACH配置信息，在DCI中的RACH配置信息的原有结构基础上增添预设长度的字段来指示各个RACH的拥塞指数，即如图8所示，基站通过在DCI中的RACH配置信息上添加拥塞指数(Congestion index)来指示各个RACH的拥塞指数。当终端接收到基站发送的DCI时，则可通过DCI获取各个RACH的拥塞指数。其中，DCI的拥塞指数的字段长度可分别设置为1比特、3比特或4比特等长度，字段的长度可根据DCI的存储容量设定。例如，图8中基站可将拥塞指数的字段长度设置为2比特，则数值“0”可表示该RACH的拥塞程度为正常，数值“1”可表示该RACH的拥塞程度为轻微拥塞，数值“2”可表示该RACH的拥塞程度为拥塞，数值“3”可表示该RACH的拥塞程度为严重拥塞。In a specific implementation, as shown in FIG. 8, FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station adding a congestion index of each RACH in a DCI, where the base station can modify the RACH configuration information in the DCI, and the original structural basis of the RACH configuration information in the DCI. A preset length field is added to indicate a congestion index of each RACH. As shown in FIG. 8, the base station indicates a congestion index of each RACH by adding a congestion index to the RACH configuration information in the DCI. When the terminal receives the DCI sent by the base station, the congestion index of each RACH can be obtained through the DCI. The length of the field of the congestion index of the DCI can be set to a length of 1 bit, 3 bits, or 4 bits, respectively, and the length of the field. It can be set according to the storage capacity of DCI. For example, the base station in FIG. 8 may set the field length of the congestion index to 2 bits, and the value “0” may indicate that the congestion degree of the RACH is normal, and the value “1” may indicate that the congestion degree of the RACH is a slight congestion, and the value “ 2" may indicate that the congestion degree of the RACH is congestion, and the value "3" may indicate that the congestion degree of the RACH is severe congestion.

具体实现中，终端在获取到业务的优先级指数、小区的繁忙指数以及各个RACH的拥塞指数之后，根据业务的优先级指数、小区的繁忙指数以及各个RACH的拥塞指数计算终端通过各个RACH接入小区的概率。例如，终端根据业务的优先级指数、小区的繁忙指数以及第一RACH的拥塞指数计算终端通过第一RACH接入小区的概率P1；终端根据业务的优先级指数、小区的繁忙指数以及第二RACH的拥塞指数计算终端通过第二RACH接入小区的概率P2；终端根据业务的优先级指数、小区的繁忙指数以及第三RACH的拥塞指数计算终端通过第三RACH接入小区的概率P3，以此类推。In a specific implementation, after acquiring the priority index of the service, the busy index of the cell, and the congestion index of each RACH, the terminal calculates, according to the priority index of the service, the busy index of the cell, and the congestion index of each RACH, the terminal accesses through each RACH. The probability of the cell. For example, the terminal calculates the terminal according to the priority index of the service, the busy index of the cell, and the congestion index of the first RACH. The probability P1 of accessing the cell by the first RACH; the terminal calculates the probability P2 that the terminal accesses the cell through the second RACH according to the priority index of the service, the busy index of the cell, and the congestion index of the second RACH; the priority index of the terminal according to the service The busy index of the cell and the congestion index of the third RACH calculate the probability P3 that the terminal accesses the cell through the third RACH, and so on.

请参阅图15，图15是本发明实施例的一种基站的另一实施例的结构示意图。如图15所示的基站包括接收装置1500、发送装置1501以及处理器1502(设备的处理器1502的数量可以为一个或多个，图15中以一个处理器为例)。在本发明实施例中，接收装置1500、发送装置1501以及处理器1502可通过总线或其他方式连接，其中，图15中以通过总线连接为例。Referring to FIG. 15, FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a base station according to an embodiment of the present invention. The base station shown in FIG. 15 includes a receiving device 1500, a transmitting device 1501, and a processor 1502 (the number of processors 1502 of the device may be one or more, and one processor in FIG. 15 is taken as an example). In the embodiment of the present invention, the receiving device 1500, the transmitting device 1501, and the processor 1502 may be connected through a bus or other manners, wherein the bus connection is taken as an example in FIG.

所述处理器1502，用于获取所述基站所服务的小区的繁忙指数以及所述小区的各个随机接入信道RACH的拥塞指数；The processor 1502 is configured to acquire a busy index of a cell served by the base station and a congestion index of each random access channel RACH of the cell;

所述发送装置1501，用于向终端发送***广播信息以及下行控制信息，所述***广播信息携带所述小区的繁忙指数，所述下行控制信息携带所述小区的各个RACH的拥塞指数； The transmitting device 1501 is configured to send system broadcast information and downlink control information to the terminal, where the system broadcast information carries a busy index of the cell, and the downlink control information carries a congestion index of each RACH of the cell;

所述接收装置1500，用于接收所述终端通过所述终端选取的RACH发送的接入所述小区的请求，所述选取的RACH是由所述终端根据接收的所述小区的繁忙指数、所述各个RACH的拥塞指数以及获取的需要发起的业务的优先级指数计算所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率，再根据所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率确定的。The receiving device 1500 is configured to receive, by the terminal, a request for accessing the cell by using a RACH selected by the terminal, where the selected RACH is received by the terminal according to a busy index of the received cell. Determining the congestion index of each RACH and the obtained priority index of the service to be initiated, calculating the probability that the terminal accesses the cell through the RACH, and then accessing the cell according to the terminal by using the RACH Probability is determined.

具体实现中，基站还可根据各个RACH发生拥塞的时间段在预设时间段中占有的比例确定。具体的，基站也可将预设时间分为至少两个统计周期，例如三个统计周期。基站可分别在各个统计周期内记录该RACH上终端发生拥塞累积的时间段，并计算记录的时间段在各个统计周期内占的比例，如第一个统计周期内发生拥塞累计的时间段所占的比例为T1，第二个统计周期内发生拥塞累计的时间段所占的比例为T2，第三个统计周期内发生拥塞累计的时间段所占的比例为T3。再根据T1、T2及T3通过滑动平均算法计算得到该RACH的拥塞指数。基站根据T1、T2及T3计算得到该RACH的拥塞指数的方式可参照上述基站根据拥塞次数计算得到RACH的拥塞指数的方式，本实施例则不再赘述。In a specific implementation, the base station may also determine the proportion of the time period in which each RACH is congested in the preset time period. Specifically, the base station may also divide the preset time into at least two statistical periods, for example, three statistical periods. The base station can record the time period in which the terminal accumulates congestion on the RACH in each statistical period, and calculate the proportion of the recorded time period in each statistical period, such as the time period in which the congestion accumulation occurs in the first statistical period. The proportion of the time period is T1, the proportion of the time period in which the congestion is accumulated in the second statistical period is T2, and the proportion of the time period in which the congestion is accumulated in the third statistical period is T3. Then, according to T1, T2 and T3, the congestion index of the RACH is calculated by a moving average algorithm. The manner in which the base station calculates the congestion index of the RACH according to the T1, the T2, and the T3 can refer to the manner in which the base station calculates the congestion index of the RACH according to the number of congestions, which is not described in this embodiment.

可选的，所述小区的繁忙指数和所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站分别在所述***广播信息和所述下行控制信息的预设位置通过增加预设长度的字段指示。 Optionally, the busy index of the cell and the congestion index of the respective RACH are indicated by the base station by adding a preset length field in a preset position of the system broadcast information and the downlink control information, respectively.

具体实现中，如图8所示，图8是基站在DCI中增添各个RACH的拥塞指数后的结构示意图，基站可修改DCI中的RACH配置信息，在DCI中的RACH配置信息的原有结构基础上增添预设长度的字段来指示各个RACH的拥塞指数，即如图8所示，基站通过在DCI中的RACH配置信息上添加拥塞指数(Congestion index)来指示各个RACH的拥塞指数。当终端接收到基站发送的DCI时，则可通过DCI获取各个RACH的拥塞指数。其中，DCI的拥塞指数的字段长度可分别设置为1比特、3比特或4比特等长度，字段的长度可根据DCI的存储容量设定。例如，图8中基站可将拥塞指数的字段长度设置为2比特，则数值“0”可表示该RACH的拥塞程度为正常，数值“1”可表示该RACH的拥塞程度为轻微拥塞，数值“2”可表示该RACH的拥塞程度为拥塞，数值“3”可表示该RACH的拥塞程度为严重拥塞。In a specific implementation, as shown in FIG. 8, FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station adding a congestion index of each RACH in a DCI, where the base station can modify the RACH configuration information in the DCI, and the original structural basis of the RACH configuration information in the DCI. A preset length field is added to indicate a congestion index of each RACH. As shown in FIG. 8, the base station indicates a congestion index of each RACH by adding a congestion index to the RACH configuration information in the DCI. When the terminal receives the DCI sent by the base station, the congestion index of each RACH can be obtained through the DCI. The length of the field of the DCI congestion index may be set to be 1 bit, 3 bits, or 4 bits, respectively, and the length of the field may be set according to the storage capacity of the DCI. For example, the base station in FIG. 8 may set the field length of the congestion index to 2 bits, and the value “0” may indicate that the congestion degree of the RACH is normal, and the value “1” may indicate that the congestion degree of the RACH is a slight congestion, and the value “ 2" may indicate that the congestion degree of the RACH is congestion, and the value "3" may indicate that the congestion degree of the RACH is severe congestion.

作为一种可实施的方式，如图9所示，DCI还可为另一种SI，即DCI可为第二类型的SI，即SI2，其中，如图9所示为SI2的原有结构示意图，SI2的原有结构包括SI类型信息、SI类型的广播信道(SI Type Broadcast Channel)信息、寻呼控制信道配置(Paging Control Channel Config)信息、上行链路功率控制参数(Uplink Power Control Parameter)信息、计时表(Timer List)、DCI配置表(DCI Configuration List)信息、常见RACH配置信息目录(Common RACH config list)信息以及RACH控制参数(RACH Control Parameter)信息。RACH的配置信息可用SI2中的常见RACH配置目录信息指示，RACH的个数由N1表示，若每个RACH的配置信息的长度为15比特，且每个RACH的配置信息按顺序排列，因此常见RACH配置目录信息的总长度为15*N1比特。As an implementation manner, as shown in FIG. 9, the DCI may be another SI, that is, the DCI may be a second type of SI, that is, SI2, where, as shown in FIG. 9, the original structure of the SI2 is shown. The original structure of the SI2 includes SI type information, SI type broadcast channel information, paging control channel configuration (Paging Control Channel Config) information, and uplink power control parameter information. , Timer List, DCI Configuration List information, common RACH configuration information directory (Common RACH config list) information and RACH Control Parameter information. The configuration information of the RACH can be indicated by the common RACH configuration directory information in the SI2. The number of RACHs is represented by N1. If the length of the configuration information of each RACH is 15 bits, and the configuration information of each RACH is arranged in order, the common RACH is used. The total length of the configuration directory information is 15*N1 bits.

通过以上的实施方式的描述，所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到本发明可以用硬件实现，或固件实现，或它们的组合方式来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以将上述功能存储在计算机可读介质中或作为计算机可读介质上的一个或多个指令或代码进行传输。计算机可读介质包括计算机存储介质和通信介质，其中通信介质包括便于从一个地方向另一个地方传送计算机程序的任何介质。存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质。以此为例但不限于：计算机可读介质可以包括RAM、ROM、EEPROM、CD-ROM或其他光盘存储、磁盘存储介质或者其他磁存储设备、或者能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其他介质。此外。任何连接可以适当的成为计算机可读介质。例如，如果软件是使用同轴电缆、光纤光缆、双绞线、数字用户线(DSL)或者诸如红外线、无线电和微波之类的无线技术从网站、服务器或者其他远程源传输的，那么同轴电缆、光纤光缆、双绞线、DSL或者诸如红外线、无线和微波之类的无线技术包括在所属介质的定影中。如本发明所使用的，盘(Disk)和碟(disc)包括压缩光碟(CD)、激光碟、光碟、数字通用光碟(DVD)、软盘和蓝光光碟，其中盘通常磁性的复制数据，而碟则用激光来光学的复制数据。上面的组合也应当包括在计算机可读介质的保护范围之内。Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the present invention can be implemented in hardware, firmware implementation, or a combination thereof. When implemented in software, the functions described above may be stored in or transmitted as one or more instructions or code on a computer readable medium. Computer readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one location to another. A storage medium may be any available media that can be accessed by a computer. By way of example and not limitation, computer readable media may comprise RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, disk storage media or other magnetic storage device, or can be used for carrying or storing in the form of an instruction or data structure. The desired program code and any other medium that can be accessed by the computer. Also. Any connection may suitably be a computer readable medium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then the coaxial cable , fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, wireless, and microwave are included in the fixing of the associated media. As used in the present invention, a disk and a disc include a compact disc (CD), a laser disc, a compact disc, a digital versatile disc (DVD), a floppy disk, and a Blu-ray disc, wherein the disc is usually magnetically copied, and the disc is The laser is used to optically replicate the data. Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope of the computer readable media.

以上所揭露的仅为本发明较佳实施例而已，当然不能以此来限定本发明之权利范围，因此依本发明权利要求所作的等同变化，仍属本发明所涵盖的范围。 The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and thus equivalent changes made in the claims of the present invention are still within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

一种接入基站小区的方法，其特征在于，包括：A method for accessing a base station cell, comprising:

终端接收基站发送的***广播信息以及下行控制信息，所述***广播信息携带所述基站所服务的小区的繁忙指数，所述下行控制信息携带所述小区的各个随机接入信道RACH的拥塞指数；The terminal receives system broadcast information and downlink control information sent by the base station, where the system broadcast information carries a busy index of a cell served by the base station, and the downlink control information carries a congestion index of each random access channel RACH of the cell;

所述终端根据当前需要发起的业务的优先级获取所述业务的优先级指数；The terminal acquires a priority index of the service according to a priority of a service that needs to be initiated currently;

所述终端根据所述业务的优先级指数、所述小区的繁忙指数以及所述各个RACH的拥塞指数计算所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率；And calculating, by the terminal, a probability that the terminal accesses the cell by using each RACH according to a priority index of the service, a busy index of the cell, and a congestion index of each RACH;

所述终端根据所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率选取接入的RACH；The terminal selects an access RACH according to a probability that the terminal accesses the cell by using each RACH;

所述终端通过选取的RACH向所述基站发送接入所述小区的请求。The terminal sends a request for accessing the cell to the base station by using the selected RACH.
根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端根据所述业务的优先级指数、所述小区的繁忙指数以及所述各个RACH的拥塞指数计算所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率，具体包括：The method according to claim 1, wherein the terminal calculates, according to the priority index of the service, the busy index of the cell, and the congestion index of each RACH, that the terminal accesses through each RACH. The probability of the cell specifically includes:

所述终端分别为所述业务的优先级指数、所述小区的繁忙指数以及所述各个RACH的拥塞指数分配权重；The terminal respectively assigns a weight to the priority index of the service, the busy index of the cell, and the congestion index of each RACH;

所述终端对分配权重后的所述业务的优先级指数、所述小区的繁忙指数以及所述各个RACH的拥塞指数进行加权运算，得到所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率。The terminal performs a weighting operation on the priority index of the service, the busy index of the cell, and the congestion index of each RACH, to obtain the probability that the terminal accesses the cell through the RACHs. .
根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端根据所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率选取接入的RACH，具体包括：The method according to claim 2, wherein the terminal selects an access RACH according to a probability that the terminal accesses the cell by using the RACH, and the method includes:

所述终端获取通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的阈值；Obtaining, by the terminal, a threshold for accessing the cell by using each RACH;

所述终端从K个RACH中确定所述选取的RACH，所述K个RACH为所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率大于或等于接入所述小区的阈值所对应的RACH，所述K为正整数。 Determining, by the terminal, the selected RACH from the K RACHs, where the K RACHs are RACHs in which the probability that the terminal accesses the cell through the RACHs is greater than or equal to a threshold value of accessing the cell , K is a positive integer.
根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端从K个RACH中确定所述选取的RACH，具体包括：The method according to claim 3, wherein the determining, by the terminal, the selected RACH from the K RACHs, specifically includes:

所述终端从所述K个RACH中确定所述终端接入所述小区的概率最大的RACH为所述选取的RACH。Determining, by the terminal, the RACH with the highest probability that the terminal accesses the cell from the K RACHs is the selected RACH.
根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端通过选取的RACH向所述基站发送接入所述小区的请求之前，所述方法还包括：The method according to claim 4, wherein the method further includes: before the terminal sends a request for accessing the cell to the base station by using the selected RACH, the method further includes:

所述终端根据所述终端通过所述选取的RACH接入所述小区的概率确定所述选取的RACH中能够接入的分配单元；Determining, by the terminal, an allocation unit that can be accessed in the selected RACH according to a probability that the terminal accesses the cell by using the selected RACH;

则所述终端通过选取的RACH向所述基站发送接入所述小区的请求，具体包括：And the sending, by the terminal, the request for accessing the cell to the base station by using the selected RACH, specifically:

所述终端在所述能够接入的分配单元中确定接入的分配单元，并通过所述确定接入的分配单元向所述基站发送接入所述小区的请求。The terminal determines an access allocation unit in the accessable allocation unit, and sends a request for accessing the cell to the base station by using the determining access unit.
根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述小区的繁忙指数和所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站分别在所述***广播信息和所述下行控制信息的预设位置通过增加预设长度的字段指示。The method according to claim 2, wherein the busy index of the cell and the congestion index of the respective RACH are increased by the base station respectively at preset positions of the system broadcast information and the downlink control information. A field indication of the preset length.
根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述小区的繁忙指数由所述基站根据所述小区的资源的占用比例设定。The method according to claim 6, wherein the busyness index of the cell is set by the base station according to an occupation ratio of resources of the cell.
根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，The method of claim 6 wherein:

所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站根据所述基站统计的所述各个RACH的误比特率确定，所述误比特率为所述基站在接收所述终端通过所述各个RACH发送的接入所述小区的请求时所述基站解析所述请求错误而产生的误比特的比例，The congestion index of each RACH is determined by the base station according to the bit error rate of each RACH that is calculated by the base station, and the bit error rate is that the base station receives the access that the terminal sends through the RACHs. The proportion of the bit error generated by the base station parsing the request error when the cell requests,

或者，or,

所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站根据所述各个RACH在预设时间段内发生拥塞的次数确定， The congestion index of each RACH is determined by the base station according to the number of times the respective RACHs are congested within a preset time period,

或者，or,

所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站根据所述各个RACH发生拥塞的时间段在所述预设时间段中占有的比例确定。The congestion index of each RACH is determined by the base station according to a proportion occupied by the time period in which the respective RACHs are congested in the preset time period.
一种接入基站小区的方法，其特征在于，包括：A method for accessing a base station cell, comprising:

基站获取所述基站所服务的小区的繁忙指数以及所述小区的各个随机接入信道RACH的拥塞指数；Obtaining, by the base station, a busy index of a cell served by the base station, and a congestion index of each random access channel RACH of the cell;

所述基站向终端发送***广播信息以及下行控制信息，所述***广播信息携带所述小区的繁忙指数，所述下行控制信息携带所述小区的各个RACH的拥塞指数；The base station sends system broadcast information and downlink control information to the terminal, where the system broadcast information carries a busy index of the cell, and the downlink control information carries a congestion index of each RACH of the cell;

所述基站接收所述终端通过所述终端选取的RACH发送的接入所述小区的请求，所述选取的RACH是由所述终端根据接收的所述小区的繁忙指数、所述各个RACH的拥塞指数以及获取的需要发起的业务的优先级指数计算所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率，再根据所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率确定的。Receiving, by the base station, a request for accessing the cell by using the RACH selected by the terminal, where the selected RACH is received by the terminal according to the busy index of the cell and the congestion of each RACH The index and the obtained priority index of the service to be initiated are calculated by the probability that the terminal accesses the cell through the respective RACH, and then determined according to the probability that the terminal accesses the cell through the respective RACH.
根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述小区的繁忙指数和所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站分别在所述***广播信息和所述下行控制信息的预设位置通过增加预设长度的字段指示。The method according to claim 9, wherein the busy index of the cell and the congestion index of the respective RACH are increased by the base station respectively at preset positions of the system broadcast information and the downlink control information. A field indication of the preset length.
根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述小区的繁忙指数由所述基站根据所述小区的资源的占用比例设定。The method according to claim 10, wherein the busyness index of the cell is set by the base station according to an occupation ratio of resources of the cell.
根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，The method of claim 10 wherein:

所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站根据所述基站统计的所述各个RACH的误比特率确定，所述误比特率为所述基站在接收所述终端通过所述各个RACH发送的接入所述小区的请求时所述基站解析所述请求错误而产生的误比特的比例，The congestion index of each RACH is determined by the base station according to the bit error rate of each RACH that is calculated by the base station, and the bit error rate is that the base station receives the access that the terminal sends through the RACHs. The proportion of the bit error generated by the base station parsing the request error when the cell requests,

或者， Or,

所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站根据所述各个RACH在预设时间段内发生拥塞的次数确定，The congestion index of each RACH is determined by the base station according to the number of times the respective RACHs are congested within a preset time period,

或者，or,

所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站根据所述各个RACH发生拥塞的时间段在所述预设时间段中占有的比例确定。The congestion index of each RACH is determined by the base station according to a proportion occupied by the time period in which the respective RACHs are congested in the preset time period.
一种终端，其特征在于，包括：A terminal, comprising:

接收模块，用于接收基站发送的***广播信息以及下行控制信息，所述***广播信息携带所述基站所服务的小区的繁忙指数，所述下行控制信息携带所述小区的各个随机接入信道RACH的拥塞指数；a receiving module, configured to receive system broadcast information and downlink control information sent by the base station, where the system broadcast information carries a busy index of a cell served by the base station, where the downlink control information carries each random access channel RACH of the cell Congestion index;

获取模块，用于根据当前需要发起的业务的优先级获取所述业务的优先级指数；An obtaining module, configured to acquire a priority index of the service according to a priority of a service that is currently required to be initiated;

计算模块，用于根据所述获取模块获取的所述业务的优先级指数、所述接收模块接收的所述小区的繁忙指数以及所述各个RACH的拥塞指数计算终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率；a calculation module, configured to calculate, according to a priority index of the service acquired by the acquiring module, a busy index of the cell received by the receiving module, and a congestion index of each RACH, by using the RACH access terminal by the terminal The probability of the cell;

选取模块，用于根据所述计算模块计算的所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率选取接入的RACH；a selecting module, configured to select, according to a probability that the terminal calculates, by using the RACH to access the cell, the RACH that is accessed by the computing module;

发送模块，用于通过所述选取模块选取的RACH向所述基站发送接入所述小区的请求。And a sending module, configured to send, by using the RACH selected by the selecting module, a request for accessing the cell to the base station.
根据权利要求13所述的终端，其特征在于，所述计算模块包括：The terminal according to claim 13, wherein the calculation module comprises:

分配单元，用于分别为所述业务的优先级指数、所述小区的繁忙指数以及所述各个RACH的拥塞指数分配权重；An allocating unit, configured to allocate weights for a priority index of the service, a busy index of the cell, and a congestion index of each RACH, respectively;

运算单元，用于对所述分配单元分配权重后的所述业务的优先级指数、所述小区的繁忙指数以及所述各个RACH的拥塞指数进行加权运算，得到所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率。An operation unit, configured to perform a weighting operation on a priority index of the service after the weighting of the allocation unit, a busy index of the cell, and a congestion index of each RACH, to obtain that the terminal is connected by using each RACH The probability of entering the cell.
根据权利要求14所述的终端，其特征在于，所述选取模块包括：The terminal according to claim 14, wherein the selection module comprises:

获取单元，用于获取通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的阈值； An acquiring unit, configured to acquire a threshold for accessing the cell by using each RACH;

确定单元，用于从K个RACH中确定所述选取的RACH，所述K个RACH为所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率大于或等于接入所述小区的阈值所对应的RACH，所述K为正整数。a determining unit, configured to determine the selected RACH from the K RACHs, where the K RACHs are corresponding to a threshold that the terminal accesses the cell by using the respective RACHs is greater than or equal to a threshold for accessing the cell RACH, the K is a positive integer.
根据权利要求15所述的终端，其特征在于，所述确定单元，具体用于：The terminal according to claim 15, wherein the determining unit is specifically configured to:

从所述K个RACH中确定所述终端接入所述小区的概率最大的RACH为所述选取模块选取的RACH。Determining, from the K RACHs, the RACH with the highest probability that the terminal accesses the cell is the RACH selected by the selecting module.
根据权利要求16所述的终端，其特征在于，所述终端还包括：The terminal according to claim 16, wherein the terminal further comprises:

确定模块，用于根据所述终端通过所述选取模块选取的RACH接入所述小区的概率确定所述选取模块选取的RACH中能够接入的分配单元；a determining module, configured to determine, according to a probability that the RACH that the terminal selects by using the selecting module to access the cell, an allocation unit that can be accessed by the RACH selected by the selecting module;

则所述发送模块，具体用于：The sending module is specifically configured to:

在所述能够接入的分配单元中确定接入的分配单元，并通过所述确定接入的分配单元向所述基站发送接入所述小区的请求。Determining an access allocation unit in the accessable allocation unit, and transmitting, by the allocation unit that determines the access, a request to access the cell to the base station.
根据权利要求14所述的终端，其特征在于，所述小区的繁忙指数和所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站分别在所述***广播信息和所述下行控制信息的预设位置通过增加预设长度的字段指示。The terminal according to claim 14, wherein the busy index of the cell and the congestion index of the respective RACH are increased by the base station at preset positions of the system broadcast information and the downlink control information, respectively. A field indication of the preset length.
根据权利要求18所述的终端，其特征在于，所述小区的繁忙指数由所述基站根据所述小区的资源的占用比例设定。The terminal according to claim 18, wherein the busyness index of the cell is set by the base station according to a proportion of resources of the cell.
根据权利要求18所述的终端，其特征在于，The terminal according to claim 18, characterized in that

所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站根据所述基站统计的所述各个RACH的误比特率确定，所述误比特率为所述基站在接收所述终端通过所述各个RACH发送的接入所述小区的请求时所述基站解析所述请求错误而产生的误比特的比例，The congestion index of each RACH is determined by the base station according to the bit error rate of each RACH that is calculated by the base station, and the bit error rate is that the base station receives the access that the terminal sends through the RACHs. The proportion of the bit error generated by the base station parsing the request error when the cell requests,

或者， Or,

所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站根据所述各个RACH在预设时间段内发生拥塞的次数确定，The congestion index of each RACH is determined by the base station according to the number of times the respective RACHs are congested within a preset time period,

或者，or,

所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站根据所述各个RACH发生拥塞的时间段在所述预设时间段中占有的比例确定。The congestion index of each RACH is determined by the base station according to a proportion occupied by the time period in which the respective RACHs are congested in the preset time period.
一种终端，其特征在于，包括接收装置、发送装置以及处理器，其中：A terminal, comprising: a receiving device, a transmitting device, and a processor, wherein:

所述接收装置，用于接收基站发送的***广播信息以及下行控制信息，所述***广播信息携带所述基站所服务的小区的繁忙指数，所述下行控制信息携带所述小区的各个随机接入信道RACH的拥塞指数；The receiving device is configured to receive system broadcast information and downlink control information sent by the base station, where the system broadcast information carries a busy index of a cell served by the base station, where the downlink control information carries each random access of the cell Congestion index of channel RACH;

所述处理器，用于根据当前需要发起的业务的优先级获取所述业务的优先级指数；The processor is configured to obtain a priority index of the service according to a priority of a service that is currently required to be initiated;

所述处理器，还用于根据所述业务的优先级指数、所述小区的繁忙指数以及所述各个RACH的拥塞指数计算所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率；The processor is further configured to calculate, according to a priority index of the service, a busy index of the cell, and a congestion index of each RACH, a probability that the terminal accesses the cell by using each RACH;

所述处理器，还用于根据所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率选取接入的RACH；The processor is further configured to select an access RACH according to a probability that the terminal accesses the cell by using each RACH;

所述发送装置，用于通过选取的RACH向所述基站发送接入所述小区的请求。The sending device is configured to send, by using the selected RACH, a request for accessing the cell to the base station.
根据权利要求21所述的终端，其特征在于，所述处理器根据所述业务的优先级指数、所述小区的繁忙指数以及所述各个RACH的拥塞指数计算所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率，执行如下步骤：The terminal according to claim 21, wherein the processor calculates, according to a priority index of the service, a busy index of the cell, and a congestion index of each RACH, that the terminal is connected by using each RACH. To enter the probability of the cell, perform the following steps:

所述处理器分别为所述业务的优先级指数、所述小区的繁忙指数以及所述各个RACH的拥塞指数分配权重；The processor allocates weights for a priority index of the service, a busy index of the cell, and a congestion index of each RACH, respectively;

所述处理器对分配权重后的所述业务的优先级指数、所述小区的繁忙指数以及所述各个RACH的拥塞指数进行加权运算，得到所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率。 The processor performs a weighting operation on the priority index of the service, the busy index of the cell, and the congestion index of each RACH, to obtain that the terminal accesses the cell through the RACHs. Probability.
根据权利要求22所述的终端，其特征在于，所述处理器根据所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率选取接入的RACH，执行如下步骤：The terminal according to claim 22, wherein the processor selects the accessed RACH according to the probability that the terminal accesses the cell through the respective RACH, and performs the following steps:

所述接收装置，还用于获取通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的阈值；The receiving device is further configured to acquire a threshold for accessing the cell by using each RACH;

所述处理器从K个RACH中确定所述选取的RACH，所述K个RACH为所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率大于或等于接入所述小区的阈值所对应的RACH，所述K为正整数。Determining, by the processor, the selected RACH from the K RACHs, where the probability of the K RACH accessing the cell by using the RACH is greater than or equal to a threshold for accessing the cell RACH, the K is a positive integer.
根据权利要求23所述的终端，其特征在于，所述处理器从所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率大于或等于接入所述小区的阈值所属的RACH中确定所述选取的RACH，执行如下步骤：The terminal according to claim 23, wherein the processor determines, according to the RACH in which the probability that the terminal accesses the cell through the respective RACH is greater than or equal to a threshold value of accessing the cell, Select the RACH and perform the following steps:

所述处理器从所述K个RACH中确定所述终端接入所述小区的概率最大的RACH为所述选取的RACH。The processor determines, from the K RACHs, that the RACH with the highest probability that the terminal accesses the cell is the selected RACH.
根据权利要求24所述的终端，其特征在于，所述处理器还执行如下步骤：The terminal according to claim 24, wherein the processor further performs the following steps:

所述处理器根据所述终端通过所述选取的RACH接入所述小区的概率确定所述选取的RACH中能够接入的分配单元；Determining, by the processor, an allocation unit that can be accessed in the selected RACH according to a probability that the terminal accesses the cell by using the selected RACH;

则所述发送装置，还用于在所述能够接入的分配单元中确定接入的分配单元，并通过所述确定接入的分配单元向所述基站发送接入所述小区的请求。And the sending device is further configured to determine, in the access unit that can access, an access unit that is accessed, and send, by using the determining, the accessing unit, a request to access the cell to the base station.
根据权利要求22所述的终端，其特征在于，所述小区的繁忙指数和所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站分别在所述***广播信息和所述下行控制信息的预设位置通过增加预设长度的字段指示。The terminal according to claim 22, wherein the busy index of the cell and the congestion index of the respective RACH are increased by the base station respectively at preset positions of the system broadcast information and the downlink control information. A field indication of the preset length.
根据权利要求26所述的终端，其特征在于，所述小区的繁忙指数由所述基站根据所述小区的资源的占用比例设定。The terminal according to claim 26, wherein the busyness index of the cell is set by the base station according to an occupation ratio of resources of the cell.
根据权利要求26所述的终端，其特征在于， The terminal of claim 26, wherein

所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站根据所述基站统计的所述各个RACH的误比特率确定，所述误比特率为所述基站在接收所述终端通过所述各个RACH发送的接入所述小区的请求时所述基站解析所述请求错误而产生的误比特的比例，The congestion index of each RACH is determined by the base station according to the bit error rate of each RACH that is calculated by the base station, and the bit error rate is that the base station receives the access that the terminal sends through the RACHs. The proportion of the bit error generated by the base station parsing the request error when the cell requests,

或者，or,

所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站根据所述各个RACH在预设时间段内发生拥塞的次数确定，The congestion index of each RACH is determined by the base station according to the number of times the respective RACHs are congested within a preset time period,

或者，or,

所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站根据所述各个RACH发生拥塞的时间段在所述预设时间段中占有的比例确定。The congestion index of each RACH is determined by the base station according to a proportion occupied by the time period in which the respective RACHs are congested in the preset time period.
一种基站，其特征在于，包括：A base station, comprising:

获取模块，用于获取所述基站所服务的小区的繁忙指数以及所述小区的各个随机接入信道RACH的拥塞指数；An acquiring module, configured to acquire a busy index of a cell served by the base station, and a congestion index of each random access channel RACH of the cell;

发送模块，用于向终端发送***广播信息以及下行控制信息，所述***广播信息携带所述获取模块获取的小区的繁忙指数，所述下行控制信息携带所述小区的各个RACH的拥塞指数；a sending module, configured to send system broadcast information and downlink control information to the terminal, where the system broadcast information carries a busy index of a cell acquired by the acquiring module, where the downlink control information carries a congestion index of each RACH of the cell;

接收模块，用于接收所述终端通过所述终端选取的RACH发送的接入所述小区的请求，所述选取的RACH是由所述终端根据接收的所述小区的繁忙指数、所述各个RACH的拥塞指数以及获取的需要发起的业务的优先级指数计算所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率，再根据所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率确定的。a receiving module, configured to receive, by the terminal, a request for accessing the cell by using a RACH selected by the terminal, where the selected RACH is determined by the terminal according to the received busyness index of the cell, and each RACH The congestion index and the obtained priority index of the service to be initiated are calculated by the probability that the terminal accesses the cell through the RACH, and then determined according to the probability that the terminal accesses the cell through the RACHs. .
根据权利要求29所述的基站，其特征在于，所述小区的繁忙指数和所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站分别在所述***广播信息和所述下行控制信息的预设位置通过增加预设长度的字段指示。The base station according to claim 29, wherein the busy index of the cell and the congestion index of the respective RACH are increased by the base station respectively at preset positions of the system broadcast information and the downlink control information. A field indication of the preset length.
根据权利要求30所述的基站，其特征在于，所述小区的繁忙指数由所述基站根据所述小区的空口资源的占用比例设定。 The base station according to claim 30, wherein the busyness index of the cell is set by the base station according to an occupation ratio of air interface resources of the cell.
根据权利要求30所述的基站，其特征在于，The base station according to claim 30, characterized in that

所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站根据所述基站统计的所述各个RACH的误比特率确定，所述误比特率为所述基站在接收所述终端通过所述各个RACH发送的接入所述小区的请求时所述基站解析所述请求错误而产生的误比特的比例，The congestion index of each RACH is determined by the base station according to the bit error rate of each RACH that is calculated by the base station, and the bit error rate is that the base station receives the access that the terminal sends through the RACHs. The proportion of the bit error generated by the base station parsing the request error when the cell requests,

或者，or,

所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站根据预设时间段内所述各个RACH发生拥塞的次数确定，The congestion index of each RACH is determined by the base station according to the number of times the respective RACHs are congested within a preset time period.

或者，or,

所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述基站根据所述各个RACH发生拥塞的时间段在所述预设时间段中占有的比例确定。The congestion index of each RACH is determined by the base station according to a proportion occupied by the time period in which the respective RACHs are congested in the preset time period.
一种基站，其特征在于，包括接收装置、发送装置以及处理器，其中：A base station, comprising: a receiving device, a transmitting device, and a processor, wherein:

所述处理器，用于获取所述基站所服务的小区的繁忙指数以及所述小区的各个随机接入信道RACH的拥塞指数；The processor is configured to acquire a busy index of a cell served by the base station and a congestion index of each random access channel RACH of the cell;

所述发送装置，用于向终端发送***广播信息以及下行控制信息，所述***广播信息携带所述小区的繁忙指数，所述下行控制信息携带所述小区的各个RACH的拥塞指数；The transmitting device is configured to send system broadcast information and downlink control information to the terminal, where the system broadcast information carries a busy index of the cell, and the downlink control information carries a congestion index of each RACH of the cell;

所述接收装置，用于接收所述终端通过所述终端选取的RACH发送的接入所述小区的请求，所述选取的RACH是由所述终端根据接收的所述小区的繁忙指数、所述各个RACH的拥塞指数以及获取的需要发起的业务的优先级指数计算所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率，再根据所述终端通过所述各个RACH接入所述小区的概率确定的。The receiving device is configured to receive, by the terminal, a request for accessing the cell by using a RACH selected by the terminal, where the selected RACH is determined by the terminal according to the busy index of the received cell, The congestion index of each RACH and the obtained priority index of the service to be initiated are calculated by the probability that the terminal accesses the cell through the RACH, and then according to the probability that the terminal accesses the cell through the RACH definite.
根据权利要求33所述的基站，其特征在于，所述小区的繁忙指数和所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述处理器分别在所述***广播信息和所述下行控制信息的预设位置通过增加预设长度的字段指示。 The base station according to claim 33, wherein the busy index of the cell and the congestion index of the respective RACH are respectively passed by the processor at preset positions of the system broadcast information and the downlink control information Increase the field length of the preset length.
根据权利要求34所述的基站，其特征在于，所述小区的繁忙指数由所述处理器根据所述小区的空口资源的占用比例设定。The base station according to claim 34, wherein the busyness index of the cell is set by the processor according to an occupation ratio of air interface resources of the cell.
根据权利要求34所述的基站，其特征在于，The base station according to claim 34, characterized in that

所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述处理器根据所述基站统计的所述各个RACH的误比特率确定，所述误比特率为所述基站在接收所述终端通过所述各个RACH发送的接入所述小区的请求时所述基站解析所述请求错误而产生的误比特的比例，The congestion index of each RACH is determined by the processor according to the bit error rate of each RACH calculated by the base station, where the bit error rate is received by the base station by receiving the RACH by the terminal. The proportion of the bit error generated by the base station in parsing the request error when the request to the cell is requested,

或者，or,

所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述处理器根据预设时间段内所述各个RACH发生拥塞的次数确定，The congestion index of each RACH is determined by the processor according to the number of times the respective RACHs are congested within a preset time period.

或者，or,

所述各个RACH的拥塞指数由所述处理器根据所述各个RACH发生拥塞的时间段在所述预设时间段中占有的比例确定。 The congestion index of each RACH is determined by the processor according to a proportion occupied by the time period in which the respective RACHs are congested in the preset time period.