WO2016158909A1 - Thermophotovoltaic generator - Google Patents

Thermophotovoltaic generator Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2016158909A1
WO2016158909A1 PCT/JP2016/060032 JP2016060032W WO2016158909A1 WO 2016158909 A1 WO2016158909 A1 WO 2016158909A1 JP 2016060032 W JP2016060032 W JP 2016060032W WO 2016158909 A1 WO2016158909 A1 WO 2016158909A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
heat
thermal
radiation
light source
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2016/060032
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
末光真大
野田進
浅野卓
デゾイサメーナカ
Original Assignee
大阪瓦斯株式会社
国立大学法人京都大学
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 大阪瓦斯株式会社, 国立大学法人京都大学 filed Critical 大阪瓦斯株式会社
Publication of WO2016158909A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016158909A1/en

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/08—Mirrors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
    • G02B7/18—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors
    • G02B7/182—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors for mirrors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
    • H01L31/055—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means where light is absorbed and re-emitted at a different wavelength by the optical element directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. by using luminescent material, fluorescent concentrators or up-conversion arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
    • H01L31/056—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means the light-reflecting means being of the back surface reflector [BSR] type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N11/00—Generators or motors not provided for elsewhere; Alleged perpetua mobilia obtained by electric or magnetic means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S10/00—PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power
    • H02S10/30—Thermophotovoltaic systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/20—Optical components
    • H02S40/22—Light-reflecting or light-concentrating means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a thermal light generator that converts heat into light.
  • TSV thermal light power generation
  • a method of heating a substance for obtaining radiant light for example, sunlight, a combustion flame of various fuels, or exhaust heat which is a by-product accompanying other industrial activities is used.
  • Radiant light has an emission spectrum determined by the material of the object that is the light source and the temperature of the object.
  • an emission spectrum when heated by using a normal object as a light source has a distribution over a wide wavelength band.
  • a method using a metal such as tantalum or tungsten or a semiconductor such as silicon silicon carbide a method using an insulator, and processing such as a periodic structure on the metal or semiconductor or insulator.
  • thermophotovoltaic generator having a high photoelectric conversion efficiency using a thermophotonic conversion element (for example, a one-dimensional, two-dimensional, or three-dimensional photonic crystal) as a light source capable of obtaining radiation light having a desired peak wavelength.
  • thermophotonic conversion element for example, a one-dimensional, two-dimensional, or three-dimensional photonic crystal
  • high photoelectric conversion efficiency can be obtained by combining a solar cell and a heat-light conversion element capable of obtaining radiation light having a peak wavelength suitable for the solar cell.
  • the photonic crystal has, for example, a silicon rod type structure.
  • a substrate that holds the photonic crystal an absorber that receives sunlight and converts it into heat, and an absorber It is necessary to configure a heat radiation light source by combining a heat conducting member that transfers heat to the photonic crystal. At this time, radiation or heat radiation from a member constituting the heat radiation light source, for example, a heat conduction member, does not contribute to power generation, resulting in energy loss.
  • the present invention provides a structure of a thermal radiation light source that reduces wasteful radiation and heat radiation that do not contribute to such power generation in thermophotoelectric power generation, and an optimal thermophotoelectric generator using the structure. With the goal.
  • thermophotoelectric generator includes a thermal radiation light source and a solar battery cell, and irradiates and accumulates the light collected by a condenser lens on the thermal radiation light source.
  • the characteristic configuration is that the thermal radiant light source is connected to an absorber that receives light and the absorber so that heat conduction is possible.
  • a heat conduction member made of a material that can transmit infrared rays, and a heat conduction member connected to the heat conduction member so as to be able to conduct heat, and suitable for photoelectric conversion in the solar battery cell.
  • the solar battery cell is provided such that it can receive radiant light radiated from the heat-light conversion element.
  • the light since the light is received by the absorber, the light can be efficiently converted into heat. Furthermore, since the heat conducting member for conducting the heat of the absorber to the heat-light conversion element is made of a material that can transmit infrared rays, the radiation of infrared rays from the heat conducting member can be reduced, and absorption is also achieved. Radiation from the body can be efficiently transmitted to the heat-light conversion element.
  • the heat-to-light conversion element to which heat has been transmitted radiates radiation light having a wavelength suitable for power generation by the solar battery cell. Therefore, the solar battery cell can receive the radiation light and generate power. Power can be generated with conversion efficiency. As a result, it is possible to generate power with high power generation efficiency.
  • thermophotoelectric generator according to the present invention is that a light blocking member for blocking heat radiation of the absorber toward the inner solar cell is disposed between the absorber and the heat conducting member. It is in a point that can be arranged.
  • the thermal conductivity from the absorber to the heat conducting member is enhanced, and the radiation from the absorber to the solar cell side is blocked, so that sunlight can be efficiently converted into heat.
  • the temperature of a heat-light conversion element becomes easy to raise with respect to the temperature of an absorber, the radiation efficiency of a thermal radiation light source can be improved, interrupting
  • thermophotoelectric conversion element is composed of a photonic crystal.
  • the photonic crystal can emit radiation light having a strong intensity at a wavelength suitable for power generation in a solar battery cell as a heat-light conversion element. Efficiency can be increased.
  • the transmitted light which is the radiant light transmitted through the solar battery cell, is transmitted to the opposite surface of the light receiving surface of the solar battery cell that receives the radiant light. It is in the point provided with the light reflector which reflects toward a radiation light source.
  • the light reflector reflects the transmitted light that is not converted into electricity by the solar battery cell and passes through the solar battery cell, and becomes a thermal radiation light source as reflected light. Can be irradiated.
  • the thermal radiation light source that receives the reflected light is heated by the heat conducted through the heat conducting member, the radiation from the absorber, and the received reflected light.
  • the thermal radiation light source converts the transmitted light received as the reflected light again into thermal energy, and then converts it again into radiation light. By doing in this way, energy loss is reduced, and as a result, it is possible to generate electric power with high thermophotovoltaic power generation efficiency.
  • thermoluminescent generator according to the present invention is that the thermal radiation light source and the solar battery cell are arranged in a vacuum container.
  • the heat radiation from the heat radiation light source can be suppressed and kept warm by evacuating the periphery of the heat radiation light source. Moreover, it can prevent that radiant light is absorbed by air.
  • thermoelectric generator has a light reflector for reflecting light in the vacuum vessel.
  • the light reflector provided in the interior repeatedly reflects the radiation light inside the container of each part of the thermal radiation light source and other generators inside the container, and the reflected light is reflected in the process of the repeated reflection.
  • a part is irradiated to a heat radiation light source and converted into heat energy again.
  • it since it is in a vacuum container, it can prevent that reflected light is absorbed by air.
  • thermophotoelectric generator which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.
  • the thermal light generator includes a thermal radiation light source 1 and a silicon solar battery cell as the solar battery cell 2, and irradiates the thermal radiation light source 1 with light 4 collected by the condenser lens 3 and accumulates it. Then, the solar cell 2 is irradiated with radiation light from the heat radiation light source 1 to generate power.
  • the thermal radiation light source 1 includes a plate-like absorber 11 that receives light, a plate-like tantalum that is a light shielding member 12 that is closely connected to the absorber 11 so as to conduct heat, and a light shielding member 12 that conducts heat.
  • An infrared transparent glass made of flat plate MgO which is a heat conductive member 13 that is connected as closely as possible, and an infrared transparent glass that can transmit infrared rays, and is connected in close contact with the heat conductive member 13 so as to be able to conduct heat.
  • the heat-light converting element 14 converts the heat received from the light into light suitable for photoelectric conversion in the solar battery cell 2.
  • the solar battery cell 2 has the light receiving surface of the solar battery cell 2 facing the radiation surface of the heat-light conversion element 14 so that it can receive the radiation emitted by the heat-light conversion element 14 of the heat radiation light source 1. In the state, it is provided in parallel with the radiation surface of the heat-light conversion element 14.
  • the absorber 11 is configured in a flat plate shape having a diameter of about 5 mm, for example. Typically, it is a flat plate with a diameter of about 1 to 30 mm, but it depends on the size of the generator.
  • the thickness of the absorber 11 is configured to be about 1 ⁇ m to 2 mm.
  • the absorber 11 is an example of a black body as an example. As the absorber 11, a material other than a so-called black body can be used as long as it can receive light and convert it into heat.
  • connection surface between the light blocking member 12 and the heat conducting member 13 may be larger than the area of the connection surface between the absorber 11 and the light blocking member 12.
  • the heat conduction efficiency from the light blocking member 12 to the heat conducting member 13 is increased, and as a result, the temperature of the heat-light conversion element 14 is likely to rise with respect to the temperature of the absorber 11, thereby absorbing the heat.
  • the radiation efficiency of the thermal radiation light source 1 can be increased while suppressing the radiation from the body 11. As a result, it is possible to generate power with high thermophotovoltaic power generation efficiency.
  • the light blocking member 12 is exemplified by flat tantalum, but may be formed of other materials. Other materials may be used as long as the thermal conductivity of the light blocking member 12 is higher than the thermal conductivity of the absorber 11 and higher than the thermal conductivity of the thermal conductive member 13. Other usable materials are, for example, metals such as molybdenum and tungsten.
  • the light blocking member 12 has a thickness of about 100 nm to 200 ⁇ m. In this example, it is 200 ⁇ m.
  • the light blocking member 12 is usually configured to be larger than the absorber 11.
  • the absorber 11 has a diameter of 5 mm
  • the light blocking member 12 is 6 mm or 6 mm or more.
  • the light blocking member 12 has a thickness of about 100 nm to 100 ⁇ m.
  • infrared radiation from the heat conducting member 13 is extremely reduced. Moreover, the radiation from the absorber 11 can be efficiently transmitted to the heat-light conversion element 14.
  • the infrared transparent glass that is the heat conducting member 13 for example, MgO, SiC, diamond, sapphire, aluminum nitride, gallium nitride, calcium fluoride, magnesium fluoride, zinc selenium, barium fluoride, and the like can be used.
  • the thickness of the heat conducting member 13 is about 10 ⁇ m to 3 mm.
  • MgO is used at 0.5 mm.
  • SiC for example, it is about 50 ⁇ m.
  • a photonic crystal is particularly suitable as the heat-light conversion element 14.
  • a silicon photonic crystal, a SiC photonic crystal, a Ta photonic crystal, a W photonic crystal, or the like can be suitably used. Any other photonic crystal may be used as long as it can control the spectrum of radiant light.
  • the heat-light conversion element 14 is an example of a silicon photonic crystal.
  • the heat-light conversion element 14 is, for example, a 3 inch square or circle as a heat light generator, and is typically used in a size of about 0.5 to 10 inches.
  • the thickness of the heat-light conversion element 14 is configured to be about 50 to 2000 nm. When composed of Si, the thickness is particularly preferably about 500 to 900 nm.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a silicon photonic crystal used as the heat-light conversion element 14.
  • the heat-light conversion element 14 includes a base body 141 made of silicon and a rod 142 provided on the surface of the base body 141.
  • the radius r of the rod 142 is approximately 110 nm.
  • the height h of the rod 142 is about 500 nm.
  • the rods 142 are arranged in a square lattice shape, and the periodic length “a” (distance between the centers of adjacent rods) of the square lattice is approximately 500 nm.
  • the radiation emission spectrum of the silicon photonic crystal which is the heat-light conversion element 14 is shown as “photonic crystal” in FIG.
  • the emission spectrum of the radiation of the black body that is the absorber 11 is also shown in FIG.
  • the wavelength of radiation can be changed by changing the radius r of the rod 142 and the period length a of the square lattice, for example.
  • the emission spectrum of the radiation of the heat-light conversion element 14 of this example has a peak in the band gap energy value of about 1.25 eV (the peak wavelength of the emission spectrum of the radiation is about 990 nm) compared to the emission spectrum of the absorber 11. It can be seen that the spectrum has a narrow band.
  • the thermal radiation light source 1 of the present embodiment is configured by connecting the absorber 11 that receives the light 4, the light blocking member 12, and the light blocking member 12 and the heat conducting member 13 so as to conduct heat.
  • the respective components are brought into close contact with each other so as to reduce the heat transfer coefficient between the connection surfaces and to increase the thermal conductivity. can do.
  • the thermal conductivity of the entire heat radiation light source 1 is improved, the temperature of the heat-light conversion element 14 is likely to rise with respect to the temperature of the absorber 11, and radiation from the heat radiation light source 1 is suppressed.
  • the photoelectric conversion efficiency can be increased. As a result, it is possible to generate power with high photoelectric conversion efficiency.
  • the absorber 11, the light blocking member 12, the heat conducting member 13, and the heat-light converting element 14 constitute the heat radiation light source 1 as follows.
  • the absorber 11 and the light blocking member 12 are connected so as to be in close contact with each other at the center of gravity as a flat plate.
  • the light blocking member 12 and the heat conducting member 13 are connected so as to be in close contact at the center of gravity as a flat plate.
  • the heat conducting member 13 and the heat-light converting element 14 are connected so as to be in close contact with each other as the center of gravity as a flat plate.
  • the thermal conductivity from each connection surface is improved.
  • the temperature of the heat-light conversion element 14 is likely to rise with respect to the temperature of the absorber 11, and the radiation from the heat radiation light source 1 is suppressed, and the photoelectric Conversion efficiency can be increased. As a result, it is possible to generate power with high photoelectric conversion efficiency.
  • the heat radiation light source 1 configured in this manner converts the light 4 into radiation light having an emission spectrum suitable for power generation in the solar battery cell 2 as follows.
  • light for example, sunlight
  • light energy is converted into heat by the absorber 11.
  • the heat of the absorber 11 is diffused and transmitted from the absorber 11 to the heat conducting member 13 by the light shielding member 12 having high thermal conductivity, and further passes through the heat conducting member 13 to be the heat-light conversion element 14.
  • the temperature of the heat radiation light source 1 is increased to, for example, about 1500K.
  • the solar battery cell 2 can be a general solar battery.
  • a silicon solar cell, a gallium antimony solar cell, a germanium solar cell, or an indium gallium arsenide solar cell can be used.
  • the peak of the wavelength of the emission spectrum of the heat-light conversion element 14 is preferably less than 1120 nm. This is because silicon solar cells generally cannot photoelectrically convert light having a wavelength exceeding 1120 nm. Even when other solar cells are used, the peak of the wavelength of the emission spectrum of the heat-light conversion element 14 can be similarly determined.
  • the solar cells 2 are arranged at a distance from the heat radiation light source 1.
  • the solar battery cell 2 should not be in direct contact with the heat radiation light source 1.
  • the distance between the solar battery cell 2 and the thermal radiation light source 1 is preferably as close as possible.
  • the solar battery cell 2 is disposed with a distance of 2 mm with respect to the thermal radiation light source 1.
  • the solar battery cell 2 should just be provided so that the radiation light which the heat-light conversion element 14 radiates
  • what is necessary is just to provide the photovoltaic cell 2 in the state which opposes the radiation surface of the heat-light conversion element 14 comprised by the plane.
  • the solar battery cell 2 may be configured to be the same as the heat radiation light source 1 or slightly larger than the heat radiation light source 1. By comprising in this way, since the thermal radiation of the thermal radiation light source 1 can be light-received efficiently, it can generate electric power with high thermophotoelectric power generation efficiency.
  • the heat-to-light conversion element 14 to which heat is transmitted radiates radiation light having a wavelength suitable for power generation for the solar battery cell 2.
  • the solar battery cell 2 can receive the radiation light and generate power. Therefore, it is possible to generate power with high photoelectric conversion efficiency. As a result, it is possible to generate power with high thermophotovoltaic power generation efficiency.
  • a known lens may be used as the condenser lens 3.
  • a convex lens is used, and typically a lens having a diameter of about 100 to 300 mm is used.
  • the condenser lens 3 may be increased.
  • thermophotoelectric generator which concerns on 2nd embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.
  • thermophotoelectric generator according to the present embodiment has a configuration in which the thermophotoelectric generator of the first embodiment is disposed in a vacuum vessel 5 having a light reflector 7 that reflects light inside the vacuum vessel.
  • description is abbreviate
  • the vacuum vessel 5 suppresses heat conduction from the heat radiation light source 1 by keeping the surroundings of the heat radiation light source 1 in a vacuum, thereby keeping the heat. Further, the radiation light is prevented from being absorbed by the air.
  • the light 4 collected by the condensing lens 3 provided outside the vacuum vessel 5 is transmitted through the window 6 capable of transmitting light while having a sealing property provided in the vacuum vessel 5, and becomes the heat radiation light source 1. Irradiated.
  • the light reflector 7 provided inside the vacuum vessel 5 reflects the radiation light emitted in a direction different from that of the solar battery cell toward the heat radiation light source 1.
  • it is configured as a light reflector 71 that reflects the radiation light from the heat radiation light source 1 toward the heat radiation light source 1.
  • emitted from each part of the thermal radiation light source 1 can be reflected by the light reflector 71 inside the vacuum vessel 5, can be irradiated to the thermal radiation light source 1, and can be converted into thermal energy again. .
  • the heat conducting member 13 is a material that can transmit infrared rays, so that the reflected light is applied to the heat-light conversion element 14. Will be. That is, by using a material that can transmit infrared rays as the heat conducting member 13, the heat-light conversion element 14 can directly receive energy from the reflected light and convert it to radiation again. As a result, it is possible to generate power with high thermophotovoltaic power generation efficiency.
  • the light reflector 71 When the light reflector 71 is disposed on the side opposite to the solar battery cell 2 when viewed from the thermal radiation light source 1, the radiation light radiated on the side opposite to the solar battery cell 2 when viewed from the thermal radiation light source 1 is converted again into thermal energy by the thermal radiation light source 1. Since it can be converted, energy loss can be reduced. As a result, it is possible to generate power with high thermophotovoltaic power generation efficiency.
  • the light reflector 71 is provided between the thermal radiation light source 1 and the window 6 with the reflecting surface of the light reflector 71 facing the thermal radiation light source 1 through a space.
  • the light reflector 71 has an opening at the center so as to secure the optical path of the light 4 so that the light 4 can be irradiated to the absorber 11.
  • an example in which the light reflector 71 has a larger donut shape than the heat radiation light source 1 is particularly illustrated.
  • the transmitted light which is the radiant light transmitted through the solar battery cell 2
  • the thermal light conversion element 14 on the opposite surface of the light receiving surface of the solar battery cell 2 that receives the radiant light from the thermal radiation light source 1.
  • a light reflector 72 is provided.
  • the photovoltaic cell 2 will reflect the transmitted light which the photovoltaic cell 2 did not convert into electricity but permeate
  • the conversion element 14 can be irradiated again.
  • the heat-light conversion element 14 that has received the reflected light is heated by the heat conducted through the heat conducting member 13 and the received transmitted light.
  • the heat-light conversion element 14 converts the transmitted light received as the reflected light again into heat energy, and then converts it again into radiation light. By doing in this way, energy loss is reduced, and as a result, it is possible to generate electric power with high thermophotovoltaic power generation efficiency.
  • the light reflector 72 may be configured to be slightly larger than the solar battery cell 2.
  • the solar cell 2 can reflect all of the transmitted light that has passed through the solar cell 2 without being converted into electricity, it can generate power with high thermophotovoltaic power generation efficiency.
  • the light reflector 7 may be anything that reflects light.
  • the reflective surface is made of gold, silver, or aluminum, and the material is exposed on the mirror surface.
  • the cooling mechanism 9 connected to the solar battery cell 2 so as to be capable of exchanging heat is provided on the opposite surface of the light receiving surface of the solar battery cell 2 that receives the radiation light.
  • the solar battery cell 2 can be cooled, and the solar battery cell 2 can be used at a temperature suitable for power generation. As a result, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar battery cell 2 can be maintained high.
  • the temperature of the solar battery cell 2 during power generation usually rises.
  • heat conduction via air is suppressed inside the vacuum vessel 5, and the solar battery cell 2 is in an environment where the temperature is likely to rise.
  • the solar battery cell 2 can be cooled by providing the cooling mechanism 9 connected to the solar battery cell 2 so that heat exchange is possible, and the solar battery cell 2 can be used at a temperature suitable for power generation. As a result, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar battery cell 2 can be maintained high.
  • connection surface of the cooling mechanism 9 with the solar battery cell 2 may be configured to be slightly larger than the solar battery cell 2.
  • the solar battery cell 2 can be reliably cooled, so that it is possible to generate power with high thermophotovoltaic power generation efficiency.
  • the cooling mechanism 9 leads to energy loss if it is cooled too much, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar battery cell 2 is lowered unless it is cooled appropriately.
  • the temperature is generally adjusted to 0 to 100 ° C, but typically kept at about 25 ° C.
  • the cooling mechanism 9 is cooled with cooling water as a refrigerant in the present embodiment, but the cooling medium is not limited to water. Other than water, for example, ethanol or ethylene glycol may be used, and so-called antifreeze may be used. It can also be cooled by a method such as a heat pump. The method is not limited as long as it can be cooled.
  • the cooling mechanism 9 is connected via the light reflector 72.
  • the solar battery cell 2 and the light reflector 72 are in close contact with each other.
  • the light reflector 72 and the cooling mechanism 9 are in close contact with each other.
  • the cooling mechanism 9 can configure the light reflector 72 in a compact manner.
  • the cooling mechanism 9 When the cooling mechanism 9 is connected via the light reflector 72, the cooling mechanism 9 may be configured to be the same as or slightly larger than the light reflector 72.
  • the solar battery cell 2 can be reliably cooled, so that it is possible to generate power with high thermophotovoltaic power generation efficiency.
  • the heat radiation light source 1 is preferably held in the vacuum vessel 5 by a member having a low thermal conductivity. By holding with a member having a low thermal conductivity, it is possible to suppress the heat of the heat radiation light source 1 from being released to the outside of the vacuum vessel 5 by heat conduction.
  • the thermal radiation light source 1 is supported inside the vacuum vessel 5 by a support 8 that is a support configured to have a low thermal conductivity. Specifically, it is held by a thin metal wire 82 that is a thin metal wire stretched by the support column 81 through at least a pair of support columns 81 serving as support columns.
  • the window 6 is made of a material that transmits sunlight. In this example, infrared transparent glass capable of transmitting infrared light is used.
  • the shape of the window 6 is a flat plate in this example.
  • the window 6 may function as a lens that functions together with the condenser lens 3. In this case, for example, the window 6 may have a convex lens shape.
  • the metal thin wire 82 is a thin wire and has a small thermal conductivity because it is thin. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the heat from the heat radiation light source 1 from passing through the vacuum vessel 5 by heat conduction from the heat radiation light source 1 to the outside.
  • the metal thin wire 82 may be thin, strong at high temperatures, and excellent in mechanical strength.
  • tantalum, molybdenum, and tungsten fine wires are preferable.
  • the diameter is, for example, about 150 to 500 ⁇ m.
  • thermophotovoltaic power generation efficiency As shown in FIG. 5, for example.
  • the horizontal axis of a figure is the voltage (V) which shows the output voltage of the photovoltaic cell 2
  • shaft is the photovoltaic cell 2 among the optical energy given to the thermophotogenerator of this embodiment.
  • V voltage
  • shaft the photovoltaic cell 2 among the optical energy given to the thermophotogenerator of this embodiment.
  • the solar battery cell 2 is in a state of facing the radiation surface of the heat-light conversion element 14 so that it can receive the radiation emitted by the heat-light conversion element 14 configured in a plane.
  • the solar battery cell 2 only needs to be provided so as to be able to receive the radiation emitted by the heat-light conversion element 14.
  • the incident angle to the cell 2 may not be 90 °.
  • the photovoltaic cell 2 can make the positional relationship of the heat-and-light conversion element 14 into arbitrary positional relationships other than arrange
  • connection between the absorber 11 and the light blocking member 12, the connection between the light blocking member 12 and the heat conducting member 13, and the connection between the heat conducting member 13 and the heat-light converting element 14 are as follows. Although it is assumed that they are intimately connected, they can be formed by bonding or bonding. In other words, the method is not limited as long as it is connected so as to efficiently conduct heat.
  • the connection surface may be formed in a transitional manner in such a manner that the materials mutually diffuse on the connection surface.
  • the light reflector 72 and the cooling mechanism 9 are configured as separate members, but they may be configured as a single unit.
  • the surface of the cooling mechanism 9 facing the solar battery cell 2 can be polished into a mirror surface and used as the light reflector 72.
  • the light reflector 72 and the cooling mechanism 9 can be configured in a compact manner. Furthermore, the thermal conductivity between the light reflector 72 and the cooling mechanism 9 can be increased. As a result, since the solar battery cell 2 can be efficiently cooled, it is possible to generate power with high thermophotovoltaic power generation efficiency.
  • a convex lens-like lens is illustrated as the condenser lens 3, but a reflector may be used as the condenser lens 3.
  • the condensing lens 3 can be formed as an assembly of reflecting plates that combine a plurality of reflecting plates to collect light.
  • the condensing lens 3 can also be comprised with a parabolic reflector. Any method can be used as long as the optical mechanism can condense like a lens.
  • the light blocking member 12 is disposed between the absorber 11 and the heat conducting member 13 so as to be able to conduct heat.
  • the absorber 11 and the heat conducting member 13 are heated. You may connect so that conduction is possible.
  • the connection may be made in close contact with, for example, the absorber 11 and the heat conducting member 13.
  • the heat transfer coefficient between the absorber 11 and the heat conducting member 13 can be reduced, and the thermal conductivity can be increased.
  • the temperature of the heat-light conversion element 14 is likely to rise with respect to the temperature of the absorber, radiation from the heat radiation light source 1 can be suppressed. As a result, it is preferable because power can be generated with high photoelectric conversion efficiency.
  • the heat conduction member 13 and the heat-light conversion element 14 may be connected so as to be capable of heat conduction in the same manner as in the above embodiment.
  • the connection may be made, for example, in close contact with the heat conducting member 13 and the heat-light conversion element 14.
  • the heat transfer coefficient between the heat conducting member 13 and the heat-light conversion element 14 can be reduced, and the heat conductivity can be increased.
  • the temperature of the heat-light conversion element 14 is likely to rise with respect to the temperature of the absorber 11, so that radiation from the heat radiation light source 1 can be suppressed. As a result, it is possible to generate power with high photoelectric conversion efficiency.

Abstract

Provided is a thermal-radiation light source structure for reducing radiation and heat dissipation that do not contribute to power generation in a thermophotovoltaic generation, and also provided is an optimum thermophotovoltaic generator using the thermal-radiation light source structure. The thermophotovoltaic generator has a thermal radiation light source 1 and a solar battery cell 2 and generates power in such a way that: the thermal radiation light source 1 is irradiated with light 4 collected by a collecting lens 3 to accumulate the light 4; and the solar battery cell 2 is irradiated with radiation light from the thermal radiation light source 1. The thermal radiation light source 1 is provided with: an absorber 11 for receiving light; a light blocking member 12 made close contact with and connected to the absorber 11 so as to be thermally conductive; a heat conduction member 13 made close contact with and connected to the light blocking member 12 so as to be thermally conductive; and a heat-light conversion element 14 made close contact with and connected to the heat conduction member 13 so as to be thermally conductive and converting the heat received from the heat conduction member 13 to light. The solar battery cell 2 is provided in parallel with the radiation surface of the heat-light conversion element 14 while facing the radiation surface of the heat-light conversion element 14 so as to be able to receive the radiation light radiated from the heat-light conversion element 14 of the thermal radiation light source 1.

Description

熱光発電機Heat light generator
　本発明は、熱を光に変換する熱光発電機に関する。 The present invention relates to a thermal light generator that converts heat into light.
　一般に、物体を加熱すると、物体を構成する物質および物体の温度に応じたスペクトルを有する光、すなわち輻射光を生じる。この輻射光を太陽電池セルで捉え発電する方法を、熱光発電（ＴＰＶ）という（特許文献１）。輻射光を得るための物質の加熱方法としては例えば、太陽光や各種の燃料の燃焼炎、他の産業活動に伴う副産物である排熱が用いられる。 Generally, when an object is heated, light having a spectrum corresponding to the substance constituting the object and the temperature of the object, that is, radiation light is generated. A method of generating power by capturing this radiant light with a solar battery cell is called thermal light power generation (TPV) (Patent Document 1). As a method of heating a substance for obtaining radiant light, for example, sunlight, a combustion flame of various fuels, or exhaust heat which is a by-product accompanying other industrial activities is used.
　輻射光は、その光源となる物体の材質と、その物体の温度とによって定まる発光スペクトルを有する。一般に、通常の物体を光源として加熱した際の発光スペクトルは、幅広い波長帯に亘る分布を有する。
　従来熱光発電においては、その光源として、タンタルやタングステンなどの金属やシリコン炭化ケイ素などの半導体を使った方式、絶縁体を使った方式、それら金属もしくは半導体もしくは絶縁体に周期構造等の加工を施し輻射を制御した方式等が提案されている。これら方式は太陽電池セルが発電に利用できない光も光源から発せられ、発電に利用できない光エネルギーは捨てられるので太陽電池セルの発電効率（光電変換効率）が低くなる。 Radiant light has an emission spectrum determined by the material of the object that is the light source and the temperature of the object. In general, an emission spectrum when heated by using a normal object as a light source has a distribution over a wide wavelength band.
In conventional thermophotovoltaic power generation, as a light source, a method using a metal such as tantalum or tungsten or a semiconductor such as silicon silicon carbide, a method using an insulator, and processing such as a periodic structure on the metal or semiconductor or insulator. There have been proposed methods for controlling the applied radiation. In these methods, light that cannot be used for power generation by the solar cells is also emitted from the light source, and light energy that cannot be used for power generation is discarded, so that the power generation efficiency (photoelectric conversion efficiency) of the solar cells is lowered.
　そこで、この所望のピーク波長を有する輻射光を得ることができる光源としての熱光変換素子（例えば一次元、二次元、三次元フォトニック結晶）を利用し、光電変換効率の高い熱光発電機が提案されている。この方法は、太陽電池と、その太陽電池に適したピーク波長を有する輻射光を得ることができる熱光変換素子とを組み合わせることにより、高い光電変換効率を得ることができる。 Therefore, a thermophotovoltaic generator having a high photoelectric conversion efficiency using a thermophotonic conversion element (for example, a one-dimensional, two-dimensional, or three-dimensional photonic crystal) as a light source capable of obtaining radiation light having a desired peak wavelength. Has been proposed. In this method, high photoelectric conversion efficiency can be obtained by combining a solar cell and a heat-light conversion element capable of obtaining radiation light having a peak wavelength suitable for the solar cell.
特許第４７１０１６１号Patent No. 471161
　しかし、この方法は、熱光変換素子の発光スペクトルに起因する光電変換効率の改善については適切な効果が得られるものの、熱光変換素子の加熱の方法に工夫の余地があった。 However, although this method can provide an appropriate effect for improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency due to the emission spectrum of the heat-light conversion element, there is room for improvement in the method for heating the heat-light conversion element.
　フォトニック結晶はたとえばシリコンのロッド型構造である。このようなフォトニック結晶を、熱光変換素子として産業上利用可能な光源として用いるためには、このフォトニック結晶を保持する基体や、太陽光を受けて熱に変換する吸収体、吸収体からフォトニック結晶に熱を伝達して加熱する熱伝導部材などを組み合わせて熱輻射光源として構成する必要がある。このとき、熱輻射光源を構成する部材、たとえば熱伝導部材からの輻射や放熱は発電に寄与せず、エネルギーの損失になる。 The photonic crystal has, for example, a silicon rod type structure. In order to use such a photonic crystal as a light source that can be used industrially as a heat-light conversion element, a substrate that holds the photonic crystal, an absorber that receives sunlight and converts it into heat, and an absorber It is necessary to configure a heat radiation light source by combining a heat conducting member that transfers heat to the photonic crystal. At this time, radiation or heat radiation from a member constituting the heat radiation light source, for example, a heat conduction member, does not contribute to power generation, resulting in energy loss.
　本発明は、上記実情に鑑み、熱光発電において、このような発電に寄与しない無駄な輻射や放熱を削減した熱輻射光源の構造と、これを用いた最適な熱光発電機を提供することを目的とする。 In view of the above circumstances, the present invention provides a structure of a thermal radiation light source that reduces wasteful radiation and heat radiation that do not contribute to such power generation in thermophotoelectric power generation, and an optimal thermophotoelectric generator using the structure. With the goal.
　上記目的を達成するための本発明に係る熱光発電機は、熱輻射光源と太陽電池セルを有し、集光レンズによって集光した光を前記熱輻射光源に照射して蓄積し、当該熱輻射光源からの輻射光を太陽電池セルで受光して発電する熱光発電機において、その特徴構成は、前記熱輻射光源は、光を受光する吸収体と、前記吸収体に熱伝導可能に接続し、赤外線を透過可能な材料で構成された熱伝導部材と、前記熱伝導部材に熱伝導可能に接続し、前記性熱伝導部材から受け取った熱を前記太陽電池セルでの光電変換に適した光に変換する熱光変換素子とを有し、前記太陽電池セルは、前記熱光変換素子が輻射する輻射光を受光可能に設けられている点にある。 In order to achieve the above object, a thermophotoelectric generator according to the present invention includes a thermal radiation light source and a solar battery cell, and irradiates and accumulates the light collected by a condenser lens on the thermal radiation light source. In a thermophotoelectric generator that generates power by receiving radiant light from a radiant light source by a solar battery cell, the characteristic configuration is that the thermal radiant light source is connected to an absorber that receives light and the absorber so that heat conduction is possible. And a heat conduction member made of a material that can transmit infrared rays, and a heat conduction member connected to the heat conduction member so as to be able to conduct heat, and suitable for photoelectric conversion in the solar battery cell. The solar battery cell is provided such that it can receive radiant light radiated from the heat-light conversion element.
　本特徴構成によれば、吸収体で光を受光するため、効率よく光を熱に変換することができる。さらに吸収体の熱を熱光変換素子に伝導するための熱伝導部材を赤外線を透過可能な材料で構成しているため、熱伝導部材からの赤外線の輻射を少なくすることができ、また、吸収体からの輻射を効率よく熱光変換素子に伝えることができる。そして熱を伝達された熱光変換素子は、太陽電池セルの発電に適した波長の輻射光を輻射するので、太陽電池セルは、その輻射光を受光して発電することができるため、高い光電変換効率で発電することができる。その結果、高い発電効率で発電することができる。 According to this characteristic configuration, since the light is received by the absorber, the light can be efficiently converted into heat. Furthermore, since the heat conducting member for conducting the heat of the absorber to the heat-light conversion element is made of a material that can transmit infrared rays, the radiation of infrared rays from the heat conducting member can be reduced, and absorption is also achieved. Radiation from the body can be efficiently transmitted to the heat-light conversion element. The heat-to-light conversion element to which heat has been transmitted radiates radiation light having a wavelength suitable for power generation by the solar battery cell. Therefore, the solar battery cell can receive the radiation light and generate power. Power can be generated with conversion efficiency. As a result, it is possible to generate power with high power generation efficiency.
　本発明に係る熱光発電機の更なる特徴構成は、前記吸収体と前記熱伝導部材との間に、吸収体の熱輻射の内太陽電池側への輻射を遮断する光遮断部材が熱伝導可能に配置される点にある。 A further characteristic configuration of the thermophotoelectric generator according to the present invention is that a light blocking member for blocking heat radiation of the absorber toward the inner solar cell is disposed between the absorber and the heat conducting member. It is in a point that can be arranged.
　本特徴構成によれば、吸収体から熱伝導部材への熱伝導性が高まり、吸収体からの輻射の内太陽電池側への輻射を遮断するため効率よく太陽光を熱に変換できる。そして、吸収体の温度に対して熱光変換素子の温度が上昇しやすくなるため、吸収体からの光電変換セル側への輻射を遮断しつつ、熱輻射光源の輻射効率を高めることができる。その結果、高い熱光発電効率で発電することができる。 According to this characteristic configuration, the thermal conductivity from the absorber to the heat conducting member is enhanced, and the radiation from the absorber to the solar cell side is blocked, so that sunlight can be efficiently converted into heat. And since the temperature of a heat-light conversion element becomes easy to raise with respect to the temperature of an absorber, the radiation efficiency of a thermal radiation light source can be improved, interrupting | blocking the radiation to the photoelectric conversion cell side from an absorber. As a result, it is possible to generate power with high thermophotovoltaic power generation efficiency.
　本発明に係る熱光発電機の更なる特徴構成は、前記熱光変換素子は、フォトニック結晶で構成される点にある。 A further characteristic configuration of the thermophotoelectric generator according to the present invention is that the thermophotoelectric conversion element is composed of a photonic crystal.
　本特徴構成によれば、フォトニック結晶が熱光変換素子として、太陽電池セルでの発電に適した波長で強い強度を有する発光スペクトルの輻射光を発することができるため、太陽電池での光電変換効率を高めることができる。 According to this characteristic configuration, the photonic crystal can emit radiation light having a strong intensity at a wavelength suitable for power generation in a solar battery cell as a heat-light conversion element. Efficiency can be increased.
　本発明に係る熱光発電機の更なる特徴構成は、前記輻射光を受光する前記太陽電池セルの受光面の反対面に、前記太陽電池セルを透過した前記輻射光である透過光を前記熱輻射光源に向けて反射する光反射体を備える点にある。 According to still another feature of the thermoelectric generator of the present invention, the transmitted light, which is the radiant light transmitted through the solar battery cell, is transmitted to the opposite surface of the light receiving surface of the solar battery cell that receives the radiant light. It is in the point provided with the light reflector which reflects toward a radiation light source.
　本特徴構成によれば、太陽電池セルが受光した輻射光のうち、太陽電池セルが電気に変換せず太陽電池セルを透過した透過光を光反射体が反射し、反射光として熱輻射光源に照射することができる。そして当該反射光を受光した熱輻射光源は、熱伝導部材を経て伝導される熱と吸収体からの輻射光と受光した反射光とで加熱される。言い換えると、熱輻射光源は、反射光として受光した当該透過光を熱エネルギーに再度変換した後、ふたたび輻射光へと変換する。このようにすることで、エネルギーのロスを減らし、その結果、高い熱光発電効率で発電することができる。 According to this characteristic configuration, among the radiant light received by the solar battery cell, the light reflector reflects the transmitted light that is not converted into electricity by the solar battery cell and passes through the solar battery cell, and becomes a thermal radiation light source as reflected light. Can be irradiated. The thermal radiation light source that receives the reflected light is heated by the heat conducted through the heat conducting member, the radiation from the absorber, and the received reflected light. In other words, the thermal radiation light source converts the transmitted light received as the reflected light again into thermal energy, and then converts it again into radiation light. By doing in this way, energy loss is reduced, and as a result, it is possible to generate electric power with high thermophotovoltaic power generation efficiency.
　本発明に係る熱光発電機の更なる特徴構成は、前記熱輻射光源と前記太陽電池セルとが真空容器内に配置される点にある。 A further characteristic configuration of the thermoluminescent generator according to the present invention is that the thermal radiation light source and the solar battery cell are arranged in a vacuum container.
　本特徴構成によれば、前記熱輻射光源の周囲を真空にすることで、熱輻射光源からの熱伝導を抑制し保温できる。また、輻射光が空気に吸収されることを防ぐことができる。 According to this feature, the heat radiation from the heat radiation light source can be suppressed and kept warm by evacuating the periphery of the heat radiation light source. Moreover, it can prevent that radiant light is absorbed by air.
　本発明に係る熱光発電機の更なる特徴構成は、前記真空容器内に光を反射する光反射体を有する点にある。 A further characteristic configuration of the thermoelectric generator according to the present invention is that it has a light reflector for reflecting light in the vacuum vessel.
　本特徴構成によれば、内部に備える光反射体は、熱輻射光源やその他の発電機の各部の容器内部での輻射光を容器内部で繰り返し反射し、その繰り返す反射の過程においてその反射光の一部は熱輻射光源に照射され、再び熱エネルギーに変換される。また、真空容器内であるから、反射光が空気に吸収されることを防ぐことができる。 According to this characteristic configuration, the light reflector provided in the interior repeatedly reflects the radiation light inside the container of each part of the thermal radiation light source and other generators inside the container, and the reflected light is reflected in the process of the repeated reflection. A part is irradiated to a heat radiation light source and converted into heat energy again. Moreover, since it is in a vacuum container, it can prevent that reflected light is absorbed by air.
第一実施形態を示す図The figure which shows 1st embodiment 熱光変換素子の例を示す模式図Schematic diagram showing an example of a heat-light conversion element 発光スペクトルの一例を示す図Diagram showing an example of emission spectrum 第二実施形態を示す図The figure which shows 2nd embodiment 第二実施形態の発電効率を示す図The figure which shows the electric power generation efficiency of 2nd embodiment
〔第一実施形態〕
　図１に基づいて、本発明の第一実施形態に係る熱光発電機について説明する。 [First embodiment]
Based on FIG. 1, the thermophotoelectric generator which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.
　本実施形態に係る熱光発電機は、熱輻射光源１と太陽電池セル２としてのシリコン太陽電池セルを有し、集光レンズ３によって集光した光４を熱輻射光源１に照射して蓄積し、熱輻射光源１からの輻射光を太陽電池セル２に向けて照射して発電する。
　熱輻射光源１は、光を受光する平板状の吸収体１１と、吸収体１１に熱伝導可能に密接して接続した光遮断部材１２である平板状のタンタルと、光遮断部材１２と熱伝導可能に密接して接続した熱伝導部材１３である平板状のＭｇＯからなる赤外線を透過可能な赤外透明ガラスと、熱伝導部材１３と熱伝導可能に密接して接続し、前記熱伝導部材１３から受け取った熱を太陽電池セル２での光電変換に適した光に変換する熱光変換素子１４で構成されている。
　そして、太陽電池セル２は、熱輻射光源１の熱光変換素子１４が輻射する輻射光を受光可能となるように、太陽電池セル２の受光面が熱光変換素子１４の輻射面に対向する状態で、熱光変換素子１４の輻射面に平行して設けられている。 The thermal light generator according to the present embodiment includes a thermal radiation light source 1 and a silicon solar battery cell as the solar battery cell 2, and irradiates the thermal radiation light source 1 with light 4 collected by the condenser lens 3 and accumulates it. Then, the solar cell 2 is irradiated with radiation light from the heat radiation light source 1 to generate power.
The thermal radiation light source 1 includes a plate-like absorber 11 that receives light, a plate-like tantalum that is a light shielding member 12 that is closely connected to the absorber 11 so as to conduct heat, and a light shielding member 12 that conducts heat. An infrared transparent glass made of flat plate MgO, which is a heat conductive member 13 that is connected as closely as possible, and an infrared transparent glass that can transmit infrared rays, and is connected in close contact with the heat conductive member 13 so as to be able to conduct heat. The heat-light converting element 14 converts the heat received from the light into light suitable for photoelectric conversion in the solar battery cell 2.
The solar battery cell 2 has the light receiving surface of the solar battery cell 2 facing the radiation surface of the heat-light conversion element 14 so that it can receive the radiation emitted by the heat-light conversion element 14 of the heat radiation light source 1. In the state, it is provided in parallel with the radiation surface of the heat-light conversion element 14.
　吸収体１１は、例えば直径５ｍｍ程度の平板状に構成される。典型的には直径１～３０ｍｍ程度の平板とされるが、発電機のサイズに依存する。
　また、吸収体１１の厚みは、１μｍ～２ｍｍ程度に構成される。
　本例では吸収体１１は、その一例として黒体で構成した例を示している。吸収体１１としては、光を受光し、熱に変換できるものであれば、いわゆる黒体以外を用いることも当然できる。 The absorber 11 is configured in a flat plate shape having a diameter of about 5 mm, for example. Typically, it is a flat plate with a diameter of about 1 to 30 mm, but it depends on the size of the generator.
The thickness of the absorber 11 is configured to be about 1 μm to 2 mm.
In this example, the absorber 11 is an example of a black body as an example. As the absorber 11, a material other than a so-called black body can be used as long as it can receive light and convert it into heat.
　光遮断部材１２と熱伝導部材１３との接続面の面積は、吸収体１１と光遮断部材１２との接続面の面積よりも大きくするとよい。 The area of the connection surface between the light blocking member 12 and the heat conducting member 13 may be larger than the area of the connection surface between the absorber 11 and the light blocking member 12.
　このように構成すると、光遮断部材１２から熱伝導部材１３への熱伝導効率が高くなり、その結果、吸収体１１の温度に対して熱光変換素子１４の温度が上昇しやすくなるため、吸収体１１からの輻射を抑制しつつ、熱輻射光源１の輻射効率を高めることができる。その結果、高い熱光発電効率で発電することができる。 With this configuration, the heat conduction efficiency from the light blocking member 12 to the heat conducting member 13 is increased, and as a result, the temperature of the heat-light conversion element 14 is likely to rise with respect to the temperature of the absorber 11, thereby absorbing the heat. The radiation efficiency of the thermal radiation light source 1 can be increased while suppressing the radiation from the body 11. As a result, it is possible to generate power with high thermophotovoltaic power generation efficiency.
　光遮断部材１２は、平板状のタンタルを例示したが、その他の材料で構成してもよい。光遮断部材１２の熱伝導率は、吸収体１１の熱伝導率よりも高く、かつ熱伝導部材１３の熱伝導率よりも高ければその他の材料でもよい。その他の利用可能な材料としてはたとえば、モリブデン、タングステンなどの金属が好適である。
　光遮断部材１２の厚みは、１００ｎｍ～２００μｍ程度に構成される。本例では２００μｍである。 The light blocking member 12 is exemplified by flat tantalum, but may be formed of other materials. Other materials may be used as long as the thermal conductivity of the light blocking member 12 is higher than the thermal conductivity of the absorber 11 and higher than the thermal conductivity of the thermal conductive member 13. Other usable materials are, for example, metals such as molybdenum and tungsten.
The light blocking member 12 has a thickness of about 100 nm to 200 μm. In this example, it is 200 μm.
　また、光遮断部材１２は通常、吸収体１１よりも大きく構成される。吸収体１１が直径５ｍｍの時には、光遮断部材１２は６ｍｍ、乃至は６ｍｍ以上で構成される。
　また、光遮断部材１２の厚みは、１００ｎｍ～１００μｍ程度に構成される。 Further, the light blocking member 12 is usually configured to be larger than the absorber 11. When the absorber 11 has a diameter of 5 mm, the light blocking member 12 is 6 mm or 6 mm or more.
Further, the light blocking member 12 has a thickness of about 100 nm to 100 μm.
　熱伝導部材１３として赤外線を透過可能な赤外透明ガラスを用いることで、熱伝導部材１３からの赤外線の輻射はきわめて少なくなる。また、吸収体１１からの輻射を効率よく熱光変換素子１４に伝えることができる。 By using an infrared transparent glass that can transmit infrared rays as the heat conducting member 13, infrared radiation from the heat conducting member 13 is extremely reduced. Moreover, the radiation from the absorber 11 can be efficiently transmitted to the heat-light conversion element 14.
　熱伝導部材１３である赤外透明ガラスとしてはたとえば、ＭｇＯ、ＳｉＣ、ダイヤモンド、サファイア、アルミニウムナイトライド、ガリウムナイトライド、フッ化カルシウム、フッ化マグネシウム、ジンクセレン、フッ化バリウムなどを用いることができる。
　また、熱伝導部材１３の厚みは、１０μｍ～３ｍｍ程度に構成される。本例では、ＭｇＯを０．５ｍｍで用いている。ＳｉＣを用いる場合はたとえば５０μｍ程度にする。 As the infrared transparent glass that is the heat conducting member 13, for example, MgO, SiC, diamond, sapphire, aluminum nitride, gallium nitride, calcium fluoride, magnesium fluoride, zinc selenium, barium fluoride, and the like can be used.
The thickness of the heat conducting member 13 is about 10 μm to 3 mm. In this example, MgO is used at 0.5 mm. In the case of using SiC, for example, it is about 50 μm.
　熱光変換素子１４としてはフォトニック結晶が特に適している。たとえば、シリコンフォトニック結晶、ＳｉＣフォトニック結晶、Ｔａフォトニック結晶、Ｗフォトニック結晶などを好適に用いることができる。その他のフォトニック結晶でも、輻射光のスペクトルを制御できるのであればその種類を問わない。
　本例では熱光変換素子１４は、その一例としてシリコンフォトニック結晶で構成した例を示している。 A photonic crystal is particularly suitable as the heat-light conversion element 14. For example, a silicon photonic crystal, a SiC photonic crystal, a Ta photonic crystal, a W photonic crystal, or the like can be suitably used. Any other photonic crystal may be used as long as it can control the spectrum of radiant light.
In this example, the heat-light conversion element 14 is an example of a silicon photonic crystal.
　熱光変換素子１４は、熱光発電機としてはたとえば３インチの方形や円形で用いられ、典型的には０．５～１０インチ程度のサイズで用いられる。
　熱光変換素子１４の厚みは、５０～２０００ｎｍ程度に構成される。Ｓｉで構成される場合、その厚みは５００～９００ｎｍ程度が特に好ましい。 The heat-light conversion element 14 is, for example, a 3 inch square or circle as a heat light generator, and is typically used in a size of about 0.5 to 10 inches.
The thickness of the heat-light conversion element 14 is configured to be about 50 to 2000 nm. When composed of Si, the thickness is particularly preferably about 500 to 900 nm.
　熱光変換素子１４として用いたシリコンフォトニック結晶の模式図を図２に示す。熱光変換素子１４は、シリコンで構成される基体１４１と、基体１４１の表面に設けられたロッド１４２で構成される。ロッド１４２の半径ｒはおよそ１１０ｎｍである。また、ロッド１４２の高さｈはおよそ５００ｎｍである。ロッド１４２は正方格子状に配列され、正方格子の周期長ａ（隣り合うロッドの中心間の距離）はおよそ５００ｎｍである。この熱光変換素子１４であるシリコンフォトニック結晶の輻射の発光スペクトルを「フォトニック結晶」として図３に示す。比較として、吸収体１１である黒体の輻射の発光スペクトルを「黒体」として同じく図３に示す。 FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a silicon photonic crystal used as the heat-light conversion element 14. The heat-light conversion element 14 includes a base body 141 made of silicon and a rod 142 provided on the surface of the base body 141. The radius r of the rod 142 is approximately 110 nm. The height h of the rod 142 is about 500 nm. The rods 142 are arranged in a square lattice shape, and the periodic length “a” (distance between the centers of adjacent rods) of the square lattice is approximately 500 nm. The radiation emission spectrum of the silicon photonic crystal which is the heat-light conversion element 14 is shown as “photonic crystal” in FIG. For comparison, the emission spectrum of the radiation of the black body that is the absorber 11 is also shown in FIG.
　本例で示したシリコンフォトニック結晶の場合は、例えばロッド１４２の半径ｒと、正方格子の周期長ａを変えることで、輻射の波長を変更することができる。 In the case of the silicon photonic crystal shown in this example, the wavelength of radiation can be changed by changing the radius r of the rod 142 and the period length a of the square lattice, for example.
　本例の熱光変換素子１４の輻射の発光スペクトルは、吸収体１１の発光スペクトルと比べて、バンドギャップエネルギーの値が約１．２５ｅＶ付近（輻射の発光スペクトルのピーク波長約９９０ｎｍ）にピークを有する狭帯域のスペクトルであることが分かる。 The emission spectrum of the radiation of the heat-light conversion element 14 of this example has a peak in the band gap energy value of about 1.25 eV (the peak wavelength of the emission spectrum of the radiation is about 990 nm) compared to the emission spectrum of the absorber 11. It can be seen that the spectrum has a narrow band.
　つまり本実施形態の熱輻射光源１は、光４を受光する吸収体１１と光遮断部材１２と、および光遮断部材１２と熱伝導部材１３とは熱伝導可能に接続して構成される。熱輻射光源１の構成の具体的例示としては、本実施形態で示したように、それぞれを密接させて、互いの接続面の間の伝熱係数を小さくし、熱伝導率を大きくするよう構成することができる。 That is, the thermal radiation light source 1 of the present embodiment is configured by connecting the absorber 11 that receives the light 4, the light blocking member 12, and the light blocking member 12 and the heat conducting member 13 so as to conduct heat. As a specific example of the configuration of the thermal radiation light source 1, as shown in the present embodiment, the respective components are brought into close contact with each other so as to reduce the heat transfer coefficient between the connection surfaces and to increase the thermal conductivity. can do.
　このようにすると、熱輻射光源１全体の熱伝導率が向上するから、吸収体１１の温度に対して熱光変換素子１４の温度が上昇しやすくなり、熱輻射光源１からの輻射を抑制し、光電変換効率を高めることができる。その結果、高い光電変換効率で発電することができる。 In this way, since the thermal conductivity of the entire heat radiation light source 1 is improved, the temperature of the heat-light conversion element 14 is likely to rise with respect to the temperature of the absorber 11, and radiation from the heat radiation light source 1 is suppressed. The photoelectric conversion efficiency can be increased. As a result, it is possible to generate power with high photoelectric conversion efficiency.
　特に本実施形態では、吸収体１１と光遮断部材１２と熱伝導部材１３と熱光変換素子１４とを以下のようにして熱輻射光源１を構成している。
　吸収体１１と光遮断部材１２とは、互いの平板としての重心で密接するように接続させている。
　また、光遮断部材１２と熱伝導部材１３とは、互いの平板としての重心で密接するように接続させている。
　さらに、熱伝導部材１３と熱光変換素子１４とは、互いの平板としての重心で密接するように接続させている。 In particular, in this embodiment, the absorber 11, the light blocking member 12, the heat conducting member 13, and the heat-light converting element 14 constitute the heat radiation light source 1 as follows.
The absorber 11 and the light blocking member 12 are connected so as to be in close contact with each other at the center of gravity as a flat plate.
Further, the light blocking member 12 and the heat conducting member 13 are connected so as to be in close contact at the center of gravity as a flat plate.
Further, the heat conducting member 13 and the heat-light converting element 14 are connected so as to be in close contact with each other as the center of gravity as a flat plate.
　このようにすると、それぞれ互いの接続面からの熱伝導率が向上する。その結果、熱輻射光源１全体の熱伝導率が向上するから、吸収体１１の温度に対して熱光変換素子１４の温度が上昇しやすくなり、熱輻射光源１からの輻射を抑制し、光電変換効率を高めることができる。その結果、高い光電変換効率で発電することができる。 In this way, the thermal conductivity from each connection surface is improved. As a result, since the thermal conductivity of the entire heat radiation light source 1 is improved, the temperature of the heat-light conversion element 14 is likely to rise with respect to the temperature of the absorber 11, and the radiation from the heat radiation light source 1 is suppressed, and the photoelectric Conversion efficiency can be increased. As a result, it is possible to generate power with high photoelectric conversion efficiency.
　このように構成された熱輻射光源１は、以下のように光４を、太陽電池セル２での発電に適した発光スペクトルの輻射光に変換する。
　吸収体１１が集光された光（たとえば太陽光）を光４として受光すると、吸収体１１で光エネルギーが熱に転換される。そして、吸収体１１の熱は、吸収体１１から熱伝導性の高い光遮断部材１２で熱伝導部材１３上に拡散して伝達され、さらに熱伝導部材１３を経て、熱光変換素子１４であるフォトニック結晶へ伝導された後、輻射光として輻射される。
　このとき、熱輻射光源１はたとえばおよそ１５００Ｋまで昇温する。 The heat radiation light source 1 configured in this manner converts the light 4 into radiation light having an emission spectrum suitable for power generation in the solar battery cell 2 as follows.
When light (for example, sunlight) collected by the absorber 11 is received as light 4, light energy is converted into heat by the absorber 11. Then, the heat of the absorber 11 is diffused and transmitted from the absorber 11 to the heat conducting member 13 by the light shielding member 12 having high thermal conductivity, and further passes through the heat conducting member 13 to be the heat-light conversion element 14. After being conducted to the photonic crystal, it is emitted as radiant light.
At this time, the temperature of the heat radiation light source 1 is increased to, for example, about 1500K.
　太陽電池セル２は、一般的な太陽電池を用いることができる。たとえば、シリコン太陽電池、ガリウムアンチモン太陽電池、ゲルマニウム太陽電池、インジウムガリウムヒ素系太陽電池を用いることができる。もちろん、太陽電池セル２の発電に適する波長と、熱光変換素子１４の輻射の発光スペクトルが適する組合せにする必要がある。 The solar battery cell 2 can be a general solar battery. For example, a silicon solar cell, a gallium antimony solar cell, a germanium solar cell, or an indium gallium arsenide solar cell can be used. Of course, it is necessary to make the combination suitable for the wavelength suitable for the power generation of the solar battery cell 2 and the emission spectrum of the radiation of the heat-light conversion element 14.
　たとえば太陽電池セル２としてシリコン太陽電池を用いる場合、熱光変換素子１４の発光スペクトルの波長のピークは１１２０ｎｍ未満とすることが好ましい。これは、シリコン太陽電池は一般に、波長が１１２０ｎｍを超える光を光電変換することができないためである。その他の太陽電池セルを用いる場合にも、熱光変換素子１４の発光スペクトルの波長のピークは同様に定めることができる。 For example, when a silicon solar battery is used as the solar battery cell 2, the peak of the wavelength of the emission spectrum of the heat-light conversion element 14 is preferably less than 1120 nm. This is because silicon solar cells generally cannot photoelectrically convert light having a wavelength exceeding 1120 nm. Even when other solar cells are used, the peak of the wavelength of the emission spectrum of the heat-light conversion element 14 can be similarly determined.
　太陽電池セル２は熱輻射光源１に対して距離を設けて配置される。太陽電池セル２は熱輻射光源１に対して直接接してはならない。
　太陽電池セル２と熱輻射光源１との距離はできるだけ近接させることが好ましい。
　本実施形態では太陽電池セル２は熱輻射光源１に対して２ｍｍの距離を設けて配置されている。 The solar cells 2 are arranged at a distance from the heat radiation light source 1. The solar battery cell 2 should not be in direct contact with the heat radiation light source 1.
The distance between the solar battery cell 2 and the thermal radiation light source 1 is preferably as close as possible.
In the present embodiment, the solar battery cell 2 is disposed with a distance of 2 mm with respect to the thermal radiation light source 1.
　また、太陽電池セル２は、熱光変換素子１４が輻射する輻射光を受光可能に設けられていればよい。例えば平面で構成した熱光変換素子１４の輻射面に対向する状態に太陽電池セル２を設ければよい。 Moreover, the solar battery cell 2 should just be provided so that the radiation light which the heat-light conversion element 14 radiates | emits can be received. For example, what is necessary is just to provide the photovoltaic cell 2 in the state which opposes the radiation surface of the heat-light conversion element 14 comprised by the plane.
　太陽電池セル２は熱輻射光源１と同じか、熱輻射光源１よりもやや大きく構成するとよい。このように構成することで、熱輻射光源１の熱輻射を効率よく受光することができるので、高い熱光発電効率で発電することができる。 The solar battery cell 2 may be configured to be the same as the heat radiation light source 1 or slightly larger than the heat radiation light source 1. By comprising in this way, since the thermal radiation of the thermal radiation light source 1 can be light-received efficiently, it can generate electric power with high thermophotoelectric power generation efficiency.
　そして熱を伝達された熱光変換素子１４は、太陽電池セル２にとって発電に適した波長の輻射光を輻射するのであるが、太陽電池セル２は、その輻射光を受光して発電することができるため、高い光電変換効率で発電することができる。その結果、高い熱光発電効率で発電することができる。 The heat-to-light conversion element 14 to which heat is transmitted radiates radiation light having a wavelength suitable for power generation for the solar battery cell 2. The solar battery cell 2 can receive the radiation light and generate power. Therefore, it is possible to generate power with high photoelectric conversion efficiency. As a result, it is possible to generate power with high thermophotovoltaic power generation efficiency.
　なお、集光レンズ３は、公知のものを用いてよい。本例では凸面レンズ状のレンズを用いており、典型的にはたとえば直径１００～３００ｍｍ程度のレンズを用いる。しかし、熱光発電機が大きくなれば、集光レンズ３も大きくしてよい。 Note that a known lens may be used as the condenser lens 3. In this example, a convex lens is used, and typically a lens having a diameter of about 100 to 300 mm is used. However, if the thermal light generator is increased, the condenser lens 3 may be increased.
〔第二実施形態〕
　つぎに、図４に基づいて、本発明の第二実施形態に係る熱光発電機について説明する。 [Second Embodiment]
Below, based on FIG. 4, the thermophotoelectric generator which concerns on 2nd embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.
　本実施形態に係る熱光発電機は、上記第一実施形態の熱光発電機が、真空容器の内部に光を反射する光反射体７を有する真空容器５内に配置された構成である。以下、第一実施形態と同様の構成については説明を省略する。 The thermophotoelectric generator according to the present embodiment has a configuration in which the thermophotoelectric generator of the first embodiment is disposed in a vacuum vessel 5 having a light reflector 7 that reflects light inside the vacuum vessel. Hereinafter, description is abbreviate | omitted about the structure similar to 1st embodiment.
　真空容器５は、熱輻射光源１の周囲を真空にすることで熱輻射光源１からの熱伝導を抑制し保温する。また、輻射光が空気に吸収されることを防いでいる。
　真空容器５の外部に設けられる集光レンズ３によって集光した光４は、真空容器５に設けられた密閉性を有しつつ光を透過可能な窓６を透過して、熱輻射光源１に照射される。 The vacuum vessel 5 suppresses heat conduction from the heat radiation light source 1 by keeping the surroundings of the heat radiation light source 1 in a vacuum, thereby keeping the heat. Further, the radiation light is prevented from being absorbed by the air.
The light 4 collected by the condensing lens 3 provided outside the vacuum vessel 5 is transmitted through the window 6 capable of transmitting light while having a sealing property provided in the vacuum vessel 5, and becomes the heat radiation light source 1. Irradiated.
　真空容器５の内部に設けられた光反射体７は、太陽電池セルと異なる方向に発せられた輻射光を熱輻射光源１に向けて反射する。本例ではその一形態として、熱輻射光源１からの輻射光を熱輻射光源１に向けて反射する光反射体７１として構成されている。 The light reflector 7 provided inside the vacuum vessel 5 reflects the radiation light emitted in a direction different from that of the solar battery cell toward the heat radiation light source 1. In this example, as one form, it is configured as a light reflector 71 that reflects the radiation light from the heat radiation light source 1 toward the heat radiation light source 1.
　このようにすることで、熱輻射光源１の各部から輻射される輻射光を真空容器５内部で光反射体７１によって反射し、熱輻射光源１に照射して再び熱エネルギーに変換することができる。 By doing in this way, the radiant light radiated | emitted from each part of the thermal radiation light source 1 can be reflected by the light reflector 71 inside the vacuum vessel 5, can be irradiated to the thermal radiation light source 1, and can be converted into thermal energy again. .
　なお、光反射体７１の反射光を熱輻射光源１向けて反射するように構成すると、熱伝導部材１３は赤外線を透過可能な材料であるから、当該反射光は熱光変換素子１４に照射されることになる。
　つまり、熱伝導部材１３として赤外線を透過可能な材料とすることで、熱光変換素子１４は反射光から直接エネルギーを受け取り、再び輻射光へ変換できる。その結果、高い熱光発電効率で発電することができる。 If the light reflected from the light reflector 71 is reflected toward the heat radiation light source 1, the heat conducting member 13 is a material that can transmit infrared rays, so that the reflected light is applied to the heat-light conversion element 14. Will be.
That is, by using a material that can transmit infrared rays as the heat conducting member 13, the heat-light conversion element 14 can directly receive energy from the reflected light and convert it to radiation again. As a result, it is possible to generate power with high thermophotovoltaic power generation efficiency.
　ここで、光反射体７１の具体的な配置例を説明する。
　熱輻射光源１からみて太陽電池セル２と反対側に光反射体７１を配置すると熱輻射光源１からみて太陽電池セル２と反対側に輻射された輻射光を再び熱輻射光源１で熱エネルギーに変換できるため、エネルギーのロスを減らすことができる。その結果、高い熱光発電効率で発電することができる。 Here, a specific arrangement example of the light reflector 71 will be described.
When the light reflector 71 is disposed on the side opposite to the solar battery cell 2 when viewed from the thermal radiation light source 1, the radiation light radiated on the side opposite to the solar battery cell 2 when viewed from the thermal radiation light source 1 is converted again into thermal energy by the thermal radiation light source 1. Since it can be converted, energy loss can be reduced. As a result, it is possible to generate power with high thermophotovoltaic power generation efficiency.
　図２では光反射体７１は、熱輻射光源１と窓６との間に、光反射体７１の反射面を熱輻射光源１に向けて空間を介して設けられている。また光反射体７１は、光４が吸収体１１に照射可能となるように、光４の光路を確保すべく中心部に開口部を有している。本実施形態では特に、光反射体７１を熱輻射光源１よりも大きなドーナツ形状とした例を例示している。 In FIG. 2, the light reflector 71 is provided between the thermal radiation light source 1 and the window 6 with the reflecting surface of the light reflector 71 facing the thermal radiation light source 1 through a space. The light reflector 71 has an opening at the center so as to secure the optical path of the light 4 so that the light 4 can be irradiated to the absorber 11. In the present embodiment, an example in which the light reflector 71 has a larger donut shape than the heat radiation light source 1 is particularly illustrated.
　さらに本実施形態では、熱輻射光源１からの輻射光を受光する太陽電池セル２の受光面の反対面に、太陽電池セル２を透過した輻射光である透過光を熱光変換素子１４に向けて反射する光反射体７２を備えている。 Furthermore, in this embodiment, the transmitted light, which is the radiant light transmitted through the solar battery cell 2, is directed to the thermal light conversion element 14 on the opposite surface of the light receiving surface of the solar battery cell 2 that receives the radiant light from the thermal radiation light source 1. A light reflector 72 is provided.
　このようにすると、太陽電池セル２が受光した輻射光のうち、太陽電池セル２が電気に変換せず太陽電池セル２を透過した透過光を光反射体７２が反射し、反射光として熱光変換素子１４に再び照射することができる。そして当該反射光を受光した熱光変換素子１４は、熱伝導部材１３を経て伝導される熱と受光した透過光とで加熱される。言い換えると、熱光変換素子１４は、反射光として受光した透過光を熱エネルギーに再度変換した後、ふたたび輻射光へと変換する。このようにすることで、エネルギーのロスを減らし、その結果、高い熱光発電効率で発電することができる。 If it does in this way, among the radiant light which the photovoltaic cell 2 received, the photovoltaic cell 2 will reflect the transmitted light which the photovoltaic cell 2 did not convert into electricity but permeate | transmitted the photovoltaic cell 2, and heat light is reflected as reflected light. The conversion element 14 can be irradiated again. The heat-light conversion element 14 that has received the reflected light is heated by the heat conducted through the heat conducting member 13 and the received transmitted light. In other words, the heat-light conversion element 14 converts the transmitted light received as the reflected light again into heat energy, and then converts it again into radiation light. By doing in this way, energy loss is reduced, and as a result, it is possible to generate electric power with high thermophotovoltaic power generation efficiency.
　光反射体７２は太陽電池セル２よりもやや大きく構成するとよい。 The light reflector 72 may be configured to be slightly larger than the solar battery cell 2.
　このように構成することで、太陽電池セル２が電気に変換せず太陽電池セル２を透過した透過光の全てを反射することができるので、高い熱光発電効率で発電することができる。 Since the solar cell 2 can reflect all of the transmitted light that has passed through the solar cell 2 without being converted into electricity, it can generate power with high thermophotovoltaic power generation efficiency.
　ここで光反射体７は、光を反射するものであればよい。特に好適なものとしては、反射面の材質が金、銀、アルミニウム製であって、鏡面にその材質が露出したものであるとよい。 Here, the light reflector 7 may be anything that reflects light. Particularly preferably, the reflective surface is made of gold, silver, or aluminum, and the material is exposed on the mirror surface.
　さらに本実施形態では、太陽電池セル２と熱交換可能に接続する冷却機構９を、輻射光を受光する前記太陽電池セル２の受光面の反対面に設けている。 Furthermore, in this embodiment, the cooling mechanism 9 connected to the solar battery cell 2 so as to be capable of exchanging heat is provided on the opposite surface of the light receiving surface of the solar battery cell 2 that receives the radiation light.
　このようにすることで、太陽電池セル２を冷却することができ、太陽電池セル２を発電に適した温度で使用することができる。その結果、太陽電池セル２の光電変換効率を高く維持することができる。 In this way, the solar battery cell 2 can be cooled, and the solar battery cell 2 can be used at a temperature suitable for power generation. As a result, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar battery cell 2 can be maintained high.
　補足すると、太陽電池セル２に照射された輻射光は、その一部が電気に変換され、多くは太陽電池セル２を透過し、残りの一部は太陽電池セル２の温度を上昇させる熱エネルギーに変わるため、発電中の太陽電池セル２の温度は通常は上昇する。特に真空容器５の内部では空気を介した熱伝導が抑制され太陽電池セル２はその温度が上昇しやすい環境にある。
　しかし太陽電池セル２と熱交換可能に接続する冷却機構９を設けることで、太陽電池セル２を冷却することができ、太陽電池セル２を発電に適した温度で使用することができる。その結果、太陽電池セル２の光電変換効率を高く維持することができる。 Supplementally, a part of the radiant light applied to the solar battery cell 2 is converted into electricity, most of which passes through the solar battery cell 2, and the remaining part of the heat energy increases the temperature of the solar battery cell 2. Therefore, the temperature of the solar battery cell 2 during power generation usually rises. In particular, heat conduction via air is suppressed inside the vacuum vessel 5, and the solar battery cell 2 is in an environment where the temperature is likely to rise.
However, the solar battery cell 2 can be cooled by providing the cooling mechanism 9 connected to the solar battery cell 2 so that heat exchange is possible, and the solar battery cell 2 can be used at a temperature suitable for power generation. As a result, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar battery cell 2 can be maintained high.
　このとき、冷却機構９の太陽電池セル２との接続面は、太陽電池セル２よりもやや大きく構成するとよい。 At this time, the connection surface of the cooling mechanism 9 with the solar battery cell 2 may be configured to be slightly larger than the solar battery cell 2.
　このように構成することで、太陽電池セル２を確実に冷却できるので、高い熱光発電効率で発電することができる。 With this configuration, the solar battery cell 2 can be reliably cooled, so that it is possible to generate power with high thermophotovoltaic power generation efficiency.
　冷却機構９は、冷やしすぎるとエネルギーロスにつながるし、適度に冷やさなければ太陽電池セル２の光電変換効率が低下する。概ね０～１００℃に調整するが、典型的には２５℃程度に保つ。 The cooling mechanism 9 leads to energy loss if it is cooled too much, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar battery cell 2 is lowered unless it is cooled appropriately. The temperature is generally adjusted to 0 to 100 ° C, but typically kept at about 25 ° C.
　冷却機構９は、本実施形態では冷媒として冷却水で冷却しているが、冷却の媒体は水に限られない。水以外ではたとえばエタノールやエチレングリコールでもよく、いわゆる不凍液を用いることもできる。また、ヒートポンプなどの方法で冷却することもできる。冷却できればその方法は問わない。 The cooling mechanism 9 is cooled with cooling water as a refrigerant in the present embodiment, but the cooling medium is not limited to water. Other than water, for example, ethanol or ethylene glycol may be used, and so-called antifreeze may be used. It can also be cooled by a method such as a heat pump. The method is not limited as long as it can be cooled.
　さらに本実施形態では、冷却機構９は光反射体７２を介して接続している。そして、太陽電池セル２と光反射体７２とはそれぞれ密接している。また、光反射体７２と冷却機構９とはそれぞれ密接している。 Furthermore, in this embodiment, the cooling mechanism 9 is connected via the light reflector 72. The solar battery cell 2 and the light reflector 72 are in close contact with each other. The light reflector 72 and the cooling mechanism 9 are in close contact with each other.
　このように構成することで、冷却機構９は光反射体７２をコンパクトに構成することができる。 With this configuration, the cooling mechanism 9 can configure the light reflector 72 in a compact manner.
　冷却機構９が光反射体７２を介して接続されるとき、冷却機構９は光反射体７２と同じか、光反射体７２よりもやや大きく構成するとさらによい。 When the cooling mechanism 9 is connected via the light reflector 72, the cooling mechanism 9 may be configured to be the same as or slightly larger than the light reflector 72.
　このように構成することで、太陽電池セル２を確実に冷却できるので、高い熱光発電効率で発電することができる。 With this configuration, the solar battery cell 2 can be reliably cooled, so that it is possible to generate power with high thermophotovoltaic power generation efficiency.
　以下に、本実施形態のその他の特徴について説明を加える。 Hereinafter, other features of the present embodiment will be described.
　熱輻射光源１は、真空容器５内で、熱伝導率の小さな部材で保持することが好ましい。熱伝導率が小さい部材で保持することで、熱輻射光源１の熱を、真空容器５の外部に熱伝導で逃がしてしまうことを抑制できる。 The heat radiation light source 1 is preferably held in the vacuum vessel 5 by a member having a low thermal conductivity. By holding with a member having a low thermal conductivity, it is possible to suppress the heat of the heat radiation light source 1 from being released to the outside of the vacuum vessel 5 by heat conduction.
　本実施形態では、熱輻射光源１は、真空容器５の内部で、熱伝導率を小さく構成された支持体である支持体８にて支持される。具体的には支柱となる少なくとも一対の支柱８１を経て、支柱８１で張架した金属細線である金属細線８２で保持される。 In this embodiment, the thermal radiation light source 1 is supported inside the vacuum vessel 5 by a support 8 that is a support configured to have a low thermal conductivity. Specifically, it is held by a thin metal wire 82 that is a thin metal wire stretched by the support column 81 through at least a pair of support columns 81 serving as support columns.
　窓６は、太陽光を透過する材料で構成する。本例では、赤外線を透過可能な赤外透明ガラスを用いている。
　窓６の形状は本例では平板としている。窓６のその他の形状としては、たとえば吸収体１１に対して集光レンズ３に突出するようなドーム状で構成してもよい。
　また、窓６は、集光レンズ３と共に機能するレンズとして機能させてもよい。この場合、例えば窓６を凸面レンズ状としてもよい。 The window 6 is made of a material that transmits sunlight. In this example, infrared transparent glass capable of transmitting infrared light is used.
The shape of the window 6 is a flat plate in this example. As another shape of the window 6, you may comprise in the dome shape which protrudes in the condensing lens 3 with respect to the absorber 11, for example.
The window 6 may function as a lens that functions together with the condenser lens 3. In this case, for example, the window 6 may have a convex lens shape.
　金属細線８２は細線であり、細いため熱伝導率が小さい。それ故、熱輻射光源１の熱を熱輻射光源１から熱伝導によって真空容器５を経て、その外部に熱を逃がしてしまうことを抑制できる。 The metal thin wire 82 is a thin wire and has a small thermal conductivity because it is thin. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the heat from the heat radiation light source 1 from passing through the vacuum vessel 5 by heat conduction from the heat radiation light source 1 to the outside.
　金属細線８２は、細くて高温に強く、機械的強度に優れていればよいが、例えばタンタル、モリブデン、タングステン細線が好適である。金属の細線を用いる場合、その直径はたとえば１５０～５００μｍ程度である。 The metal thin wire 82 may be thin, strong at high temperatures, and excellent in mechanical strength. For example, tantalum, molybdenum, and tungsten fine wires are preferable. When a metal thin wire is used, the diameter is, for example, about 150 to 500 μm.
　以上のように構成すると、例えば図５に示すような熱光発電効率を得ることができる。図５について補足すると、図の横軸は太陽電池セル２の出力電圧を示す電圧（Ｖ）、縦軸は、本実施形態の熱光発電機に与えた光エネルギーのうち、太陽電池セル２で電気に変換できるエネルギーの割合（すなわち効率（％））を示す。つまり本実施形態の構成では、最大約６０％の効率で発電できる。 When configured as described above, it is possible to obtain thermophotovoltaic power generation efficiency as shown in FIG. 5, for example. When supplementing about FIG. 5, the horizontal axis of a figure is the voltage (V) which shows the output voltage of the photovoltaic cell 2, and a vertical axis | shaft is the photovoltaic cell 2 among the optical energy given to the thermophotogenerator of this embodiment. Indicates the percentage of energy that can be converted into electricity (ie efficiency (%)). That is, in the configuration of the present embodiment, power generation can be performed with a maximum efficiency of about 60%.
［別実施形態］
（１）上記実施形態では太陽電池セル２は、平面で構成された熱光変換素子１４が輻射する輻射光を受光可能となるように熱光変換素子１４の輻射面に対向する状態で、熱光変換素子１４の輻射面に平行して設けたが、太陽電池セル２は熱光変換素子１４が輻射する輻射光を受光可能に設けられていればよく、具体的には輻射光の太陽電池セル２への入射角が９０°でなくてもよい。また、熱光変換素子１４が輻射する輻射光を、別途反射体を設けて反射して輻射光の向きを転換してから太陽電池セル２で受光するような、光学機構を介して受光する構成としてもよい。 [Another embodiment]
(1) In the above embodiment, the solar battery cell 2 is in a state of facing the radiation surface of the heat-light conversion element 14 so that it can receive the radiation emitted by the heat-light conversion element 14 configured in a plane. Although provided parallel to the radiation surface of the light conversion element 14, the solar battery cell 2 only needs to be provided so as to be able to receive the radiation emitted by the heat-light conversion element 14. The incident angle to the cell 2 may not be 90 °. Further, a configuration in which the radiation light radiated from the heat-light conversion element 14 is received via an optical mechanism such that a separate reflector is provided to reflect the radiation light to change the direction of the radiation light and then received by the solar battery cell 2. It is good.
　このように構成すると、太陽電池セル２は熱光変換素子１４の位置関係を、対向して平行に配置する以外の任意の位置関係とすることができるため、例えば大型の熱光発電機を構成する際には装置をコンパクト化できる余地があり好ましい。 If comprised in this way, since the photovoltaic cell 2 can make the positional relationship of the heat-and-light conversion element 14 into arbitrary positional relationships other than arrange | positioning in opposition and parallel, it comprises a large-sized thermophotogenerator, for example In doing so, there is room for downsizing the apparatus, which is preferable.
（２）上記実施形態では、吸収体１１と、光遮断部材１２との接続、および光遮断部材１２と熱伝導部材１３との接続、および熱伝導部材１３と熱光変換素子１４との接続は、密接して接続するものとしたが、接着もしくは接合して構成することもできる。つまり、効率よく熱伝導可能に接続されるならばその方法は問わない。接着や接合は、たとえば接続面で互いの材料が相互拡散するような状態で接続面が遷移的に形成されていてもよい。 (2) In the above embodiment, the connection between the absorber 11 and the light blocking member 12, the connection between the light blocking member 12 and the heat conducting member 13, and the connection between the heat conducting member 13 and the heat-light converting element 14 are as follows. Although it is assumed that they are intimately connected, they can be formed by bonding or bonding. In other words, the method is not limited as long as it is connected so as to efficiently conduct heat. For the bonding and bonding, for example, the connection surface may be formed in a transitional manner in such a manner that the materials mutually diffuse on the connection surface.
　このように構成すると各々の接続面での熱伝導率が向上し、その結果、高い熱光発電効率で発電することができる。 With this configuration, the thermal conductivity at each connection surface is improved, and as a result, it is possible to generate power with high thermoelectric power generation efficiency.
（３）上記実施形態では、光反射体７２と冷却機構９は別々の部材で構成したが、これらは一体で構成してもよい。具体的にはたとえば、冷却機構９の太陽電池セル２に対向する面を、鏡面状に磨き上げ、光反射体７２として用いることもできる。 (3) In the above embodiment, the light reflector 72 and the cooling mechanism 9 are configured as separate members, but they may be configured as a single unit. Specifically, for example, the surface of the cooling mechanism 9 facing the solar battery cell 2 can be polished into a mirror surface and used as the light reflector 72.
　このように構成すると、光反射体７２と冷却機構９をコンパクトに構成することができる。さらに、光反射体７２と冷却機構９との熱伝導率を大きく取ることができる。その結果、太陽電池セル２を効率よく冷却できるため、高い熱光発電効率で発電することができる。 With this configuration, the light reflector 72 and the cooling mechanism 9 can be configured in a compact manner. Furthermore, the thermal conductivity between the light reflector 72 and the cooling mechanism 9 can be increased. As a result, since the solar battery cell 2 can be efficiently cooled, it is possible to generate power with high thermophotovoltaic power generation efficiency.
（４）上記実施形態では、集光レンズ３として凸面レンズ状のレンズを図示したが、集光レンズ３として反射板を用いてもよい。たとえば複数の反射板を組み合わせて集光する反射板の集合体として集光レンズ３とすることができる。また、パラボラ状の反射鏡で集光レンズ３を構成することもできる。レンズ同様に集光できる光学機構であればその方法は問わない。 (4) In the above embodiment, a convex lens-like lens is illustrated as the condenser lens 3, but a reflector may be used as the condenser lens 3. For example, the condensing lens 3 can be formed as an assembly of reflecting plates that combine a plurality of reflecting plates to collect light. Moreover, the condensing lens 3 can also be comprised with a parabolic reflector. Any method can be used as long as the optical mechanism can condense like a lens.
　このように構成すると、より多くの光を集光したいとき（集光レンズ３を大型化したいとき）に、凸面状レンズを用いるよりも軽量で安価に集光レンズ３を構築することができる。 With this configuration, when it is desired to collect more light (when it is desired to increase the size of the condensing lens 3), it is possible to construct the condensing lens 3 at a lower weight and at a lower cost than using a convex lens.
（５）上記実施形態では、吸収体１１と熱伝導部材１３との間に光遮断部材１２が熱伝導可能に配置される構成を示したが、吸収体１１と、熱伝導部材１３とが熱伝導可能に接続していてもよい。当該接続は、たとえば吸収体１１と、熱伝導部材１３と密接させればよい。密接させることで、吸収体１１と、熱伝導部材１３との間の伝熱係数を小さくすることができ、熱伝導率を大きくすることができる。そしてさらに、吸収体の温度に対して熱光変換素子１４の温度が上昇しやすくなるため、熱輻射光源１からの輻射を抑制できる。その結果、高い光電変換効率で発電することができるため好ましい。 (5) In the above embodiment, the light blocking member 12 is disposed between the absorber 11 and the heat conducting member 13 so as to be able to conduct heat. However, the absorber 11 and the heat conducting member 13 are heated. You may connect so that conduction is possible. The connection may be made in close contact with, for example, the absorber 11 and the heat conducting member 13. By closely contacting, the heat transfer coefficient between the absorber 11 and the heat conducting member 13 can be reduced, and the thermal conductivity can be increased. Furthermore, since the temperature of the heat-light conversion element 14 is likely to rise with respect to the temperature of the absorber, radiation from the heat radiation light source 1 can be suppressed. As a result, it is preferable because power can be generated with high photoelectric conversion efficiency.
　このとき、熱伝導部材１３と、熱光変換素子１４とは上記実施形態と同様に熱伝導可能に接続していればよい。当該接続は、たとえば熱伝導部材１３と、熱光変換素子１４と密接させればよい。密接させることで、熱伝導部材１３と、熱光変換素子１４との間の伝熱係数を小さくすることができ、熱伝導率を大きくすることができる。その結果、吸収体１１の温度に対して熱光変換素子１４の温度が上昇しやすくなるため、熱輻射光源１からの輻射を抑制できる。その結果、高い光電変換効率で発電することができる。 At this time, the heat conduction member 13 and the heat-light conversion element 14 may be connected so as to be capable of heat conduction in the same manner as in the above embodiment. The connection may be made, for example, in close contact with the heat conducting member 13 and the heat-light conversion element 14. By being in close contact, the heat transfer coefficient between the heat conducting member 13 and the heat-light conversion element 14 can be reduced, and the heat conductivity can be increased. As a result, the temperature of the heat-light conversion element 14 is likely to rise with respect to the temperature of the absorber 11, so that radiation from the heat radiation light source 1 can be suppressed. As a result, it is possible to generate power with high photoelectric conversion efficiency.
１　　　　熱輻射光源
１１　　　吸収体
１２　　　光遮断部材
１３　　　熱伝導部材
１４　　　熱光変換素子
２　　　　太陽電池セル
３　　　　集光レンズ
４　　　　光 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Thermal radiation light source 11 Absorber 12 Light shielding member 13 Thermal conduction member 14 Thermal light conversion element 2 Solar cell 3 Condensing lens 4 Light

Claims (6)

  1. 　熱輻射光源と太陽電池セルを有し、集光レンズによって集光した光を前記熱輻射光源に照射して蓄積し、当該熱輻射光源からの輻射光を前記太陽電池セルで受光して発電する熱光発電機において、
    　前記熱輻射光源は、
    前記光を受光する吸収体と、
    前記吸収体に熱伝導可能に接続し、赤外線を透過可能な材料で構成された熱伝導部材と、
    前記熱伝導部材に熱伝導可能に接続し、前記熱伝導部材から受け取った熱を前記太陽電池セルでの光電変換に適した光に変換する熱光変換素子とを有し、
    　前記太陽電池セルは、前記熱光変換素子が輻射する輻射光を受光可能に設けられた熱光発電機。     It has a thermal radiation light source and a solar battery cell, irradiates and accumulates the light collected by the condenser lens to the thermal radiation light source, and receives the radiation light from the thermal radiation light source by the solar battery cell to generate power In the thermolight generator,
    The thermal radiation light source is
    An absorber for receiving the light;
    A heat conductive member connected to the absorber so as to be able to conduct heat and made of a material capable of transmitting infrared rays; and
    A heat-light conversion element that is connected to the heat conduction member so as to be able to conduct heat, and converts heat received from the heat conduction member into light suitable for photoelectric conversion in the solar battery cell, and
    The solar battery cell is a thermal light generator provided so as to be able to receive radiant light radiated from the thermal light conversion element.
  2. 　前記吸収体と前記熱伝導部材との間に、前記熱伝導部材よりも熱伝導性の高い光遮断部材が熱伝導可能に配置される請求項１に記載の熱光発電機。 The thermophotoelectric generator according to claim 1, wherein a light shielding member having higher thermal conductivity than the thermal conductive member is disposed between the absorber and the thermal conductive member so as to be capable of conducting heat.
  3. 　前記熱光変換素子は、フォトニック結晶で構成される請求項１または２に記載の熱光発電機。 The thermal light generator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the thermal light conversion element is composed of a photonic crystal.
  4. 　前記輻射光を受光する前記太陽電池セルの受光面の反対面に、前記太陽電池セルを透過した前記輻射光である透過光を前記熱輻射光源に向けて反射する光反射体を備える請求項１～３の何れか１項に記載の熱光発電機。 The light reflector which reflects the transmitted light which is the said radiation light which permeate | transmitted the said photovoltaic cell toward the said thermal radiation light source is provided in the opposite surface to the light-receiving surface of the said photovoltaic cell which receives the said radiation light. 4. The thermal light generator according to any one of items 1 to 3.
  5. 　前記熱輻射光源と前記太陽電池セルとが真空容器内に配置される請求項１～４の何れか１項に記載の熱光発電機。 The thermophotoelectric generator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the thermal radiation light source and the solar battery cell are disposed in a vacuum vessel.
  6. 　前記真空容器内に光を反射する光反射体を有する請求項５に記載の熱光発電機。 The thermophotoelectric generator according to claim 5, further comprising a light reflector that reflects light in the vacuum vessel.
PCT/JP2016/060032 2015-03-31 2016-03-29 Thermophotovoltaic generator WO2016158909A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2015074171A JP6597997B2 (en) 2015-03-31 2015-03-31 Heat light generator
JP2015-074171 2015-03-31

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2016158909A1 true WO2016158909A1 (en) 2016-10-06

Family

ID=57004338

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/JP2016/060032 WO2016158909A1 (en) 2015-03-31 2016-03-29 Thermophotovoltaic generator

Country Status (3)

Country Link
JP (1) JP6597997B2 (en)
TW (1) TW201703423A (en)
WO (1) WO2016158909A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106788213A (en) * 2017-01-18 2017-05-31 中国地质大学（武汉） Fluorescence waveguide light harvesting formula photovoltaic and photothermal combined generating device
CN110868105A (en) * 2019-12-18 2020-03-06 牡丹江师范学院 Photovoltaic thermoelectric power generation device that radiating effect is good

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106050586B (en) 2016-08-08 2018-08-07 浙江大学 The gas body heat absorption method for electric generation using solar energy and device of feature based absorption spectrum
JP7056040B2 (en) * 2017-09-04 2022-04-19 日本製鉄株式会社 Thermophotovoltaic power generator and manufacturing equipment equipped with it
WO2019163340A1 (en) * 2018-02-22 2019-08-29 大阪瓦斯株式会社 Radiative cooling device
JP7075041B2 (en) * 2018-03-08 2022-05-25 大阪瓦斯株式会社 Thermal radiant light source
CN111404478A (en) * 2020-04-20 2020-07-10 苏州联胜化学有限公司 Photovoltaic photo-thermal temperature difference power generation assembly and power generation system

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090126783A1 (en) * 2007-11-15 2009-05-21 Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Use of vertical aligned carbon nanotube as a super dark absorber for pv, tpv, radar and infrared absorber application
US20090217977A1 (en) * 2008-02-22 2009-09-03 Marian Florescu Photonic crystal architectures for frequency- and angle-selective thermal emitters
WO2012056806A1 (en) * 2010-10-29 2012-05-03 スタンレー電気株式会社 Power generation device, thermal power generation method and solar power generation method
WO2014136671A1 (en) * 2013-03-08 2014-09-12 国立大学法人京都大学 Thermal radiation light source
WO2015038203A1 (en) * 2013-09-11 2015-03-19 Purdue Research Foundation Refractory plasmonic metamaterial absorber and emitter for energy harvesting

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090126783A1 (en) * 2007-11-15 2009-05-21 Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Use of vertical aligned carbon nanotube as a super dark absorber for pv, tpv, radar and infrared absorber application
US20090217977A1 (en) * 2008-02-22 2009-09-03 Marian Florescu Photonic crystal architectures for frequency- and angle-selective thermal emitters
WO2012056806A1 (en) * 2010-10-29 2012-05-03 スタンレー電気株式会社 Power generation device, thermal power generation method and solar power generation method
WO2014136671A1 (en) * 2013-03-08 2014-09-12 国立大学法人京都大学 Thermal radiation light source
WO2015038203A1 (en) * 2013-09-11 2015-03-19 Purdue Research Foundation Refractory plasmonic metamaterial absorber and emitter for energy harvesting

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106788213A (en) * 2017-01-18 2017-05-31 中国地质大学（武汉） Fluorescence waveguide light harvesting formula photovoltaic and photothermal combined generating device
CN110868105A (en) * 2019-12-18 2020-03-06 牡丹江师范学院 Photovoltaic thermoelectric power generation device that radiating effect is good

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2016195492A (en) 2016-11-17
TW201703423A (en) 2017-01-16
JP6597997B2 (en) 2019-10-30

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP6597997B2 (en) Heat light generator
JP5424889B2 (en) Solar thermoelectric conversion
US20120048322A1 (en) Device for converting incident radiation into electrical energy
JP5830468B2 (en) Power generator
US9581142B2 (en) Radiating power converter and methods
JPWO2009125722A1 (en) Concentrating optical member and concentrating solar power generation module
US20100229908A1 (en) Solar power conversion system and methods of use
JPH10110670A (en) Solar light and heat compound generation device
US20130037108A1 (en) Thermodynamically shielded solar cell
US9331258B2 (en) Solar thermoelectric generator
WO2012076847A1 (en) Solar energy apparatus with a combined photovoltaic and thermal power generation system
JP6706815B2 (en) Thermophotovoltaic generator and thermophotovoltaic system
JP2001196622A (en) Power generator
RU2399118C1 (en) Photoelectric converter based on nonplanar semiconductor structure
US20230291345A1 (en) Radiant energy spectrum converter
KR102023697B1 (en) Solar panel apparatus for multiple generation using a solar energy
JP6653918B2 (en) Thermophotovoltaic power generation device and thermophotovoltaic power generation system
KR100943969B1 (en) Apparatus for protecting heat and uniformiting light in solar electricity generator
CN214256160U (en) Thermoelectric generator
US20180040794A1 (en) Realizing the Dream of Green Energy and Making the Impossible Possible
JP2019220506A (en) Photovoltaic power generation unit and photovoltaic power generation device
Ryyan et al. Small-Scale Solar Cogeneration Systems
KR101132567B1 (en) Solar electricity concentrating apparatus
KR101512061B1 (en) Solar power and heat energy acquiring apparatus
US20190203661A1 (en) Selective absorber for harvesting solar energy

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 16772790

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 16772790

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1