WO2016157503A1 - Windmill, windmill fatigue deterioration diagnosis method, and windmill operation control method - Google Patents

Windmill, windmill fatigue deterioration diagnosis method, and windmill operation control method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016157503A1
WO2016157503A1 PCT/JP2015/060491 JP2015060491W WO2016157503A1 WO 2016157503 A1 WO2016157503 A1 WO 2016157503A1 JP 2015060491 W JP2015060491 W JP 2015060491W WO 2016157503 A1 WO2016157503 A1 WO 2016157503A1
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Prior art keywords
fatigue
windmill
stress value
wind turbine
fatigue deterioration
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PCT/JP2015/060491
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
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崇 佐伯
鵜沼　宗利
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株式会社日立製作所
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Priority to PCT/JP2015/060491 priority Critical patent/WO2016157503A1/en
Priority to TW105108813A priority patent/TWI647575B/en
Publication of WO2016157503A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016157503A1/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/04—Automatic control; Regulation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a windmill that receives a wind to generate power, and particularly relates to a structural strength diagnosis of the windmill.
  • Patent Document 1 As a background art in this technical field, for example, there is a technique such as Patent Document 1. According to Patent Document 1, in the wind turbine operation control apparatus, method and program thereof, the fatigue degradation schedule in which the accumulated operation time of the wind turbine and the fatigue degradation level of the wind turbine are associated with each other and the current fatigue degradation level is determined. A windmill operation control device comprising an operation control means for controlling the operation of the windmill is disclosed.
  • Patent Document 2 discloses load time series data at a predetermined load observation point set in a wind turbine structure based on a parameter related to an operating environment in a wind turbine structure stress analysis device, a stress analysis program, and a wind power generation system.
  • a wind turbine structure comprising: load data creating means for creating a stress time series data for at least one analysis target location set in the wind turbine structure based on the load time series data
  • a body stress analyzer is disclosed.
  • a wind turbine load design requires a fatigue design that can withstand load fluctuations acting on blades and towers during normal operation.
  • load fluctuations vary according to the magnitude of wind fluctuations.
  • Turbulence intensity of wind speed exists as a main parameter representing the magnitude of wind fluctuation. This turbulence intensity varies greatly depending on the weather conditions and topographic conditions of the construction site of the wind turbine generator.
  • there are various factors other than the wind speed turbulence intensity in the factors of the fatigue degradation of the wind power generator and there is a problem that the fatigue degradation estimation based only on the wind speed turbulence intensity is inaccurate.
  • Patent Document 1 the operation of the windmill is controlled according to the relationship between the fatigue deterioration schedule in which the accumulated operation time of the windmill and the fatigue deterioration degree of the windmill are associated with the current fatigue deterioration degree. Can do.
  • load data creation means for creating load time series data at a predetermined load observation point set in the wind turbine structure, and the wind turbine structure is set based on the load time series data. It is possible to control the operation by creating stress time series data at at least one analysis target location and comparing the maximum load of the stress time series data with a preset threshold value.
  • an object of the present invention is to estimate the fatigue degradation status of each wind turbine by estimating the fatigue degradation status of the wind turbine from a comparison between the measured strain value of the wind turbine and the normal stress value in a state where the wind turbine is not fatigue degradation.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a windmill that can be accurately estimated.
  • Another object of the present invention is to estimate the fatigue degradation status of each wind turbine by estimating the fatigue degradation status of the wind turbine from a comparison between the measured strain value of the wind turbine and the normal stress value of the wind turbine without fatigue degradation. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for diagnosing fatigue deterioration of a wind turbine that can accurately estimate the situation.
  • Another object of the present invention is to estimate a wind turbine fatigue deterioration state from a comparison between an actual measured strain value of the wind turbine and a normal stress value of the wind turbine without fatigue deterioration, and based on the estimated fatigue deterioration state,
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a windmill operation control method for controlling the operation of the wind turbine.
  • the present invention is a windmill that receives wind to generate power and includes a strain measuring device that measures strain generated in the windmill, and the first stress of the windmill based on the measured strain.
  • a second stress value of the wind turbine is calculated based on wind condition information in the wind turbine, the first stress value and the second stress value are compared, and the wind turbine is calculated based on the comparison result. It is characterized by calculating a fatigue deterioration state.
  • the present invention is a method for diagnosing fatigue deterioration of a wind turbine that generates electricity by receiving wind, and calculates a first stress value of the wind turbine based on the strain measured by the strain measuring means, and wind condition information on the wind turbine.
  • the second stress value of the wind turbine is calculated based on the first stress value, the first stress value is compared with the second stress value, and the first stress value is compared with the second stress value based on the comparison result. It is characterized by diagnosing the state of fatigue deterioration of the wind turbine.
  • the present invention is an operation control method for a windmill that receives a wind to generate power, calculates a first stress value of the windmill based on the strain measured by the strain measuring means, and obtains the wind condition information in the windmill.
  • a second stress value of the wind turbine is calculated based on the first stress value, the second stress value is compared with the second stress value, and the first stress value is compared with the second stress value. It is characterized by diagnosing the state of fatigue degradation of the windmill and controlling the operation of the windmill based on the state of fatigue degradation.
  • the fatigue deterioration state of each windmill is accurately estimated by estimating the fatigue deterioration state of the windmill from a comparison between the measured strain value of the windmill and the normal stress value of the windmill without fatigue deterioration.
  • a windmill that can be estimated can be realized.
  • the fatigue degradation status of each wind turbine can be determined by estimating the fatigue degradation status of the wind turbine from a comparison between the measured strain value of the wind turbine and the normal stress value of the wind turbine without fatigue degradation. It is possible to provide a method for diagnosing fatigue deterioration of a windmill that can be estimated with high accuracy.
  • the fatigue degradation state of the wind turbine is estimated from a comparison between the measured strain value of the wind turbine and the normal stress value of the wind turbine without fatigue degradation, and the wind turbine is operated based on the estimated fatigue degradation status. It is possible to provide a windmill operation control method for controlling the wind turbine.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a windmill having a strain measurement device and a fatigue deterioration diagnosis device according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a block diagram which shows the outline
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an overview of a method for diagnosing fatigue deterioration of a wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a windmill 100 shown in FIG. 1 receives, for example, sensor data that is an output value from a strain measuring device 10 installed in a windmill subject to fatigue deterioration diagnosis, and calculates an actual stress value of the windmill. 30. Further, a normal stress calculator 40 is provided which receives a wind direction value / wind speed value, which is an output value from the wind direction anemometer 20 installed in a specific part of the windmill, and calculates a normal stress value of the windmill.
  • the wind turbine 100 receives the actual stress value output from the actual stress calculator 30 and the normal stress value output from the normal stress calculator 40 as input, and calculates a fatigue acceleration coefficient by comparing the actual stress value with the normal stress value.
  • the sensor data measured by the strain measuring device 10 is data obtained by measuring the strain value of the windmill, and here, the strain measuring device 10 is a strain gauge, a semiconductor strain sensor, an acceleration sensor, or the like.
  • the specific part in the anemometer 20 may be, for example, an anemometer at the top of the nacelle installed for wind turbine control.
  • Measured stress calculator 30 receives strain data, which is output from the strain measuring device 10, and calculates and outputs a measured stress value using, for example, a rainflow method.
  • the normal stress calculator 40 receives the wind direction value / wind speed value output from the wind direction anemometer 20 as input, selects a stress value accumulated in advance, and outputs it as a normal stress value.
  • the normal stress calculator 40 stores the wind speed / wind direction in a predetermined period after installation of the wind turbine and the measured stress value output from the measured stress calculator 30 at that time as a set.
  • the predetermined period after the installation of the windmill represents a period during which the windmill is operating in a normal state, for example, one year.
  • a method for accumulating the wind speed / wind direction and the actually measured stress value for example, a method using a normal stress conversion table as shown in FIG. 2 can be considered.
  • an actual fatigue deterioration schedule is created from the actual stress values accumulated in a predetermined period after the wind turbine is installed.
  • the actual fatigue deterioration schedule is based on the assumption that the actual stress value accumulated in a predetermined period (for example, 1 year) after the installation of the wind turbine is repeatedly input during the design life (for example, 20 years) of the wind turbine. The progress of the degree of fatigue deterioration is shown.
  • the horizontal axis indicates the operating time of the wind turbine, and the horizontal axis indicates the degree of fatigue deterioration.
  • a value obtained by dividing the actually measured stress value for a predetermined period after the wind turbine installation by the maximum load stress value at the time of design is plotted on the vertical axis, and the slope of the fatigue deterioration degree for the predetermined period after the wind turbine installation is obtained. Assuming that the fatigue deterioration of the wind turbine reaches its design life with the inclination, the actual fatigue deterioration line is extended.
  • the fatigue deterioration calculator 60 holds the actual fatigue deterioration schedule.
  • the fatigue deterioration comparator (fatigue acceleration coefficient calculator) 50 receives the actual stress value output from the actual stress calculator 30 and the normal stress value output from the normal stress calculator 40 as inputs, and the actual stress value and normal stress value are calculated. Calculate and output the fatigue acceleration coefficient representing the correlation.
  • the fatigue acceleration coefficient is calculated by the following equation, for example.
  • Fatigue acceleration coefficient actual stress value / normal stress value
  • the fatigue deterioration calculator 60 receives the fatigue acceleration coefficient output from the fatigue deterioration comparator (fatigue acceleration coefficient calculator) 50 as an input, and compares it with the actual fatigue deterioration schedule calculated by the normal stress calculator 40, for example. S10 is calculated. Specifically, the inclination of the actual fatigue deterioration line is corrected (corrected) according to the fatigue acceleration coefficient, and the point at which the corrected (corrected) actual fatigue deterioration line intersects with the design life of the wind turbine is calculated as the fatigue deterioration degree.
  • FIG. 2 is a table showing an example of a method for calculating a normal stress value in the normal stress calculator 40 of FIG. Basically, since it has already been repeated, repeated description is omitted, but as shown in FIG. 2, the actual working stress value at that time is recorded with the wind speed and direction as axes.
  • This table is created for each corresponding part where the strain measuring device 10 is installed.
  • a table is prepared in which the corresponding part where the strain measuring device 10 is installed and the wind speed are taken as axes, and the actual stress values at that time are recorded.
  • a method of preparing this table for each wind direction is also conceivable.
  • FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of an actual fatigue deterioration schedule calculated by the normal stress calculator 40 of FIG. Basically, since it is a repetition of what has already been described, overlapping description is omitted, but as shown in FIG. 3, the actual fatigue deterioration line is a straight line, but it may be an exponential function. In FIG. 3, the actual fatigue degradation line is extended based on the slope of the actual degradation line for a predetermined period after the wind turbine is installed, but a method of redrawing the actual degradation line for a certain period (for example, every 5 years) is also conceivable.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a method for diagnosing fatigue deterioration of a windmill. Basically, since it has already been described, repeated description is omitted. However, as shown in FIG. 4, when the fatigue deterioration diagnosis is started, the strain measurement step F1 receives the strain of the wind turbine as an input. The value D10 is output and the process proceeds to the actually measured stress calculation step F2.
  • the strain value D10 output in step F1 is input, for example, the measured stress value D20 is output using the rain flow method, and the process proceeds to the fatigue acceleration coefficient calculation step F5.
  • the wind direction value and the wind speed value D30 are output using the anemometer existing in the wind turbine, and the process proceeds to the normal stress calculation step F4.
  • the normal stress calculation step F4 the wind direction value and the wind speed value D30 output in step F3 are input, the normal stress value D40 is output using a normal stress conversion table prepared in advance, and the process proceeds to the fatigue acceleration coefficient calculation step F5. .
  • the fatigue acceleration coefficient D50 representing the correlation between the actual stress value and the normal stress value is calculated using the actual stress value D20 calculated in step F2 and the normal stress value D40 calculated in step F4 as inputs. Then, the process proceeds to the fatigue deterioration calculation step F6.
  • the fatigue acceleration coefficient D50 calculated in step 5 is input and compared with the actual fatigue deterioration schedule.
  • the fatigue deterioration degree S10 is calculated by the method shown in FIG.
  • the degree of fatigue deterioration of the wind turbine is accurately estimated by the wind direction / wind speed from the anemometer and the strain sensor installed in the portion that is subject to fatigue deterioration detection in the wind turbine. can do.
  • the degree of fatigue deterioration in this embodiment is not limited to the degree of fatigue deterioration in this specification as long as the state of fatigue deterioration of the wind turbine can be grasped.
  • wind condition information such as the wind direction and wind speed in the windmill
  • measured data of the windmill installed on the windward side of the windmill The case where it uses is also considered.
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing an outline of a method for diagnosing fatigue deterioration of a wind turbine according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the windmill 200 having the fatigue deterioration diagnosis device shown in FIG. 5 receives, for example, sensor data that is an output value from the strain measurement device 10 installed in the windmill subject to fatigue deterioration diagnosis, and uses the measured stress value of the windmill.
  • An actual measurement stress calculator 30 for calculating is provided.
  • a normal stress calculator 40 is provided which receives a wind direction value / wind speed value, which is an output value from the wind direction anemometer 20 installed in a specific part of the windmill, and calculates a normal stress value of the windmill.
  • the wind turbine 200 having the fatigue deterioration diagnosis device receives the actual stress value output from the actual stress calculator 30 and the normal stress value output from the normal stress calculator 40 as input, and calculates the actual stress value and the normal stress value.
  • Fatigue degradation comparator (fatigue acceleration factor calculator) 50 for calculating the fatigue acceleration factor compared, and fatigue acceleration factor output from fatigue degradation comparator (fatigue acceleration factor calculator) 50 are input, and fatigue degradation degree S10 is calculated. It has a fatigue deterioration calculator 60 for calculating.
  • the measured stress calculator 30, the normal stress calculator 40, the fatigue deterioration comparator (fatigue acceleration coefficient calculator) 50, and the fatigue deterioration calculator 60 output a fatigue deterioration degree S10 indicating the degree of aged tire fatigue deterioration.
  • the diagnostic apparatus 300 is comprised and the fatigue deterioration degree S10 is output.
  • the wind turbine 200 having the fatigue degradation diagnosis device has substantially the same configuration as the wind turbine 100 described in the first embodiment, but the actual stress calculator 30, the normal stress calculator 40, and the fatigue degradation comparator (fatigue acceleration coefficient calculation). ) 50 and the fatigue deterioration calculator 60 are combined into a fatigue deterioration diagnosis device 300. Since the strain measuring device 10, the anemometer 20, the actually measured stress calculator 30, the normal stress calculator 40, the fatigue acceleration coefficient calculator 50, and the fatigue deterioration calculator 60 are repeated, the detailed description will be given. Is omitted.
  • the fatigue deterioration degree can be accurately estimated in the same manner as the windmill 100 described in the first embodiment. it can.
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing an overview of a method for diagnosing windmill fatigue deterioration according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the windmill 400 having the strain measurement device shown in FIG. 6 receives, for example, sensor data that is an output value from the strain measurement device 10 installed in the windmill subject to fatigue degradation diagnosis, and calculates an actual stress value of the windmill.
  • An actually measured stress calculator 30 is provided.
  • a normal stress calculator 40 is provided which receives a wind direction value / wind speed value, which is an output value from the wind direction anemometer 20 installed in a specific part of the windmill, and calculates a normal stress value of the windmill.
  • the windmill monitoring building 500 receives the measured stress value and the normal stress value of the windmill output from the windmill 400 having the strain measuring device, and calculates a fatigue acceleration coefficient by comparing the measured stress value and the normal stress value.
  • a fatigue deterioration calculator (fatigue acceleration coefficient calculator) 50 and a fatigue deterioration calculator 60 that calculates the fatigue deterioration degree S10 using the fatigue acceleration coefficient output from the fatigue deterioration comparator (fatigue acceleration coefficient calculator) 50 as input. And output the fatigue degradation degree S10 in the wind turbine.
  • the wind turbine 400 including the strain measuring device 10, the wind direction anemometer 20, the actually measured stress calculator 30, and the normal stress calculator 40, the fatigue deterioration comparator (fatigue acceleration coefficient calculator) 50, the fatigue deterioration.
  • the wind turbine monitoring building 500 including the calculator 60 is configured.
  • the configuration is basically the same as that of the windmill 100 or the windmill 200 described in the first embodiment or the second embodiment, and the strain measuring device 10, the wind direction anemometer 20, the actually measured stress calculator 30, the normal stress calculator 40, and the fatigue deterioration. Since the comparator (fatigue acceleration coefficient calculator) 50 and the fatigue deterioration calculator 60 are the same as those already described, detailed description thereof will be omitted.
  • the fatigue deterioration comparator (fatigue acceleration coefficient calculator) 50 and the fatigue deterioration calculator 60 are installed in the windmill monitoring building, but the measured stress calculator 30 and the normal stress calculator 40 are similarly monitored by the windmill. A configuration installed in the building is also possible. Further, the measured stress calculator 30, the normal stress calculator 40, the fatigue deterioration comparator (fatigue acceleration coefficient calculator) 50, and the fatigue deterioration calculator 60 are connected to the windmill and the windmill via a network line such as wireless communication or wired communication. A configuration other than the monitoring building is also possible.
  • the fatigue deterioration degree S10 calculated by the fatigue deterioration calculator 60 in each embodiment is provided, for example, outside from the windmill 100, the windmill 200, and the windmill monitoring building 500 via a network line such as wireless communication or wired communication. Transmission to a centralized monitoring system is also possible. In this case, it is necessary to install transmission means such as a wireless transmitter in the windmill 100, the windmill 200, and the windmill monitoring building 500.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram of a windmill having a strain measurement device and a fatigue deterioration diagnosis device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the wind turbine 1000 having the strain measuring device and the fatigue deterioration diagnosis device shown in FIG. 7 includes, for example, a wind turbine tower E10 or blade E20 that is a fatigue deterioration diagnosis target, and the strain measuring device 10 installed in the wind turbine tower E10 or blade E20.
  • Fatigue degradation which outputs SCADA70 (Supervision-Control-And-Data-Acquisition: supervisory control system) which accumulates environmental data and control data of the windmill, and a fatigue degradation degree S10 indicating the degree of aged fatigue degradation of the windmill It has a diagnostic device 300 and outputs a fatigue degradation degree S10.
  • the windmill 1000 having the strain measurement device and the fatigue deterioration diagnosis device has substantially the same configuration as the windmill 200 having the fatigue deterioration diagnosis device described in the second embodiment, and the strain measurement device 10 and the fatigue deterioration diagnosis device 300 have already been described. Since this is repeated, detailed description is omitted.
  • the fatigue degradation degree S10 may be output in the form of a report, output on a monitoring screen in a wind turbine monitoring building, or stored in the SCADA 70 as a data storage device as part of wind turbine environmental data. Conceivable.
  • the fatigue deterioration diagnosis device 300 is included in a wind turbine 1000 having a strain measurement device and a fatigue deterioration diagnosis device.
  • a configuration in which the fatigue deterioration diagnosis device 300 is incorporated into the SCADA 70 and functions as the SCADA 70 is also conceivable.
  • FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing an overview of a windmill operation control apparatus according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the measured stress calculator 30, the normal stress calculator 40, the fatigue deterioration comparator (fatigue acceleration coefficient calculator) 50, and the fatigue deterioration calculator 60 described in each of the above embodiments are included so that the configuration can be easily understood.
  • a fatigue deterioration diagnosis apparatus 300 is shown.
  • the wind turbine operation control device 2000 shown in FIG. 8 has an actual stress value calculated based on sensor data that is an output value from the strain measurement device 10 installed in the wind turbine subject to fatigue deterioration diagnosis, and a specific portion of the wind turbine.
  • a fatigue deterioration diagnosis device 300 that outputs a fatigue deterioration degree S10 indicating the degree of deterioration of the wind turbine over time by using a normal stress value calculated based on an output value from the installed anemometer 20 and a fatigue deterioration diagnosis device 300
  • the operation controller 80 outputs the operation control signal S20.
  • the operation controller 80 outputs the operation control signal S20.
  • the operation controller 80 outputs the operation control signal S20.
  • the wind turbine operation control device 2000 has a configuration in which an operation controller 80 is added to the wind turbine 200 having the fatigue deterioration diagnosis device described in the second embodiment, and the strain measurement device 10 and the fatigue deterioration diagnosis device 300 have already been described. Therefore, detailed description is omitted.
  • the operation controller 80 receives the fatigue deterioration degree as an input.
  • the fatigue deterioration degree 90 is set as an operation reference value in consideration of the safety factor, and when the fatigue deterioration degree is equal to or less than the operation reference value, the normal operation or the operation rate is increased.
  • an operation control signal S20 for performing a suppression operation is output.
  • the next maintenance work is performed in consideration of the interval until the next maintenance work day by predicting the time when the windmill will be held until the next maintenance, or when the failure will occur.
  • the operation mode such as operation that maximizes the amount of power generation until the day, it is possible to provide an operation service that is optimal for customer needs.
  • this invention is not limited to the above-mentioned Example, Various modifications are included.
  • the above-described embodiments have been described in detail for easy understanding of the present invention, and are not necessarily limited to those having all the configurations described.
  • a part of the configuration of one embodiment can be replaced with the configuration of another embodiment, and the configuration of another embodiment can be added to the configuration of one embodiment.
  • each of the above-described configurations, functions, processing units, processing means, and the like may be realized by hardware by designing a part or all of them with, for example, an integrated circuit.
  • each of the above-described configurations and functions may be realized by software by interpreting and executing a program that realizes each function by the processor.
  • Information such as programs, tables, and files that realize each function can be stored in a recording device such as a memory, a hard disk, or an SSD (Solid State Drive), or a recording medium such as an IC card, an SD card, or a DVD.
  • control lines and information lines indicate what is considered necessary for the explanation, and not all control lines and information lines on the product are necessarily shown. Actually, it may be considered that almost all the components are connected to each other.
  • SYMBOLS 10 Strain measuring device, 20 ... Wind direction anemometer, 30 ... Actual stress calculator, 40 ... Normal stress calculator, 50 ... Fatigue deterioration comparator (fatigue acceleration coefficient calculator), 60 ... Fatigue deterioration calculator, 70 ... SCADA DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 80 ... Operation controller, 100 ... Windmill, 200 ... Windmill having fatigue deterioration diagnosis device, 300 ... Fatigue deterioration diagnosis device, 400 ... Windmill having strain measurement device, 500 ... Windmill monitoring building, 1000 ... Strain measurement device and fatigue Wind turbine having a deterioration diagnosis device, 2000 ... wind turbine operation control device, D10 ... strain value, D20 ... measured stress value, D30 ...

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Abstract

The objective is to estimate the fatigue deterioration state of a windmill with good precision. Therefore, this windmill, which operates to generate power when wind is received, is characterized by being equipped with a strain measurement device for measuring strain generated in the windmill, calculating a first stress value for the windmill on the basis of the measured stress, calculating a second stress value for the windmill on the basis of wind state information for the windmill, comparing the first stress vale and the second stress value, and calculating the fatigue deterioration state of the windmill on the basis of the result of the comparison.

Description

風車および風車の疲労劣化診断方法、風車の運転制御方法Windmill, windmill fatigue deterioration diagnosis method, windmill operation control method
　本発明は、風を受けて発電運転する風車に関し、特に、風車の構造強度診断に関する。 [0001] The present invention relates to a windmill that receives a wind to generate power, and particularly relates to a structural strength diagnosis of the windmill.
　本技術分野の背景技術として、例えば、特許文献１のような技術がある。特許文献１には、風車の運転制御装置及びその方法並びにプログラムにおいて、風車の運転累計時間と風車の疲労劣化度とが対応付けられた疲労劣化スケジュールと、現在の疲労劣化度との関係に応じて、前記風車の運転を制御する運転制御手段とを具備する風車の運転制御装置が開示されている。 As a background art in this technical field, for example, there is a technique such as Patent Document 1. According to Patent Document 1, in the wind turbine operation control apparatus, method and program thereof, the fatigue degradation schedule in which the accumulated operation time of the wind turbine and the fatigue degradation level of the wind turbine are associated with each other and the current fatigue degradation level is determined. A windmill operation control device comprising an operation control means for controlling the operation of the windmill is disclosed.
　また、特許文献２には、風車構造体の応力解析装置及び応力解析プログラム並びに風力発電システムにおいて、運転環境に関するパラメータに基づいて、風車構造体に設定された所定の荷重観測箇所における荷重時系列データを作成する荷重データ作成手段と、前記荷重時系列データに基づいて、前記風車構造体に設定されている少なくとも１つの解析対象箇所における応力時系列データを作成する応力解析手段とを具備する風車構造体の応力解析装置が開示されている。 Patent Document 2 discloses load time series data at a predetermined load observation point set in a wind turbine structure based on a parameter related to an operating environment in a wind turbine structure stress analysis device, a stress analysis program, and a wind power generation system. A wind turbine structure comprising: load data creating means for creating a stress time series data for at least one analysis target location set in the wind turbine structure based on the load time series data A body stress analyzer is disclosed.
特許第４２４１６４４号公報Japanese Patent No. 4241644 特開２０１０－７９６８５号公報JP 2010-79585 A
　機械の構造強度において、設計における試験データと顧客先である現場の実測データで乖離が大きく、想定より早く損傷が発生する場合がある。例えば、風力発電に用いられる風車では、その原因として、設計時に想定していた、主に風速と風向で表される風況と実際の風況が大きく異なることが考えられる。 In the structural strength of the machine, there is a large discrepancy between the test data in the design and the actual measurement data at the customer site, and damage may occur earlier than expected. For example, in a wind turbine used for wind power generation, it is conceivable that the actual wind condition is largely different from the wind condition, which is assumed at the time of design, mainly represented by the wind speed and the wind direction.
　風車の荷重設計では台風のような一時的な最大荷重に耐える設計のほかに、通常運転時におけるブレードやタワーに作用する荷重変動に耐える疲労設計が必要である。一般に荷重変動は風の変動の大小に対応して変動する。風の変動の大小を表す主要なパラメータとして、風速の乱れ強度が存在する。この乱れ強度は、風力発電装置の建設地の気象条件と地形条件により大きく変動する。しかしながら、風力発電装置の疲労劣化の要因においては、風速乱れ強度以外にも様々な要因があり、風速の乱れ強度のみに基づいての疲労劣化推定は精度が低いなどの問題があった。 In addition to a design that can withstand a temporary maximum load such as a typhoon, a wind turbine load design requires a fatigue design that can withstand load fluctuations acting on blades and towers during normal operation. In general, load fluctuations vary according to the magnitude of wind fluctuations. Turbulence intensity of wind speed exists as a main parameter representing the magnitude of wind fluctuation. This turbulence intensity varies greatly depending on the weather conditions and topographic conditions of the construction site of the wind turbine generator. However, there are various factors other than the wind speed turbulence intensity in the factors of the fatigue degradation of the wind power generator, and there is a problem that the fatigue degradation estimation based only on the wind speed turbulence intensity is inaccurate.
　ここで、特許文献１では、風車の運転累計時間と風車の疲労劣化度とが対応付けられた疲労劣化スケジュールと、現在の疲労劣化度との関係に応じて、前記風車の運転を制御することができる。 Here, in Patent Document 1, the operation of the windmill is controlled according to the relationship between the fatigue deterioration schedule in which the accumulated operation time of the windmill and the fatigue deterioration degree of the windmill are associated with the current fatigue deterioration degree. Can do.
　しかしながら、風車における疲労劣化による応力値の増大は風車の稼働状態（運転時間、風況、設置場所など）に依存するため、あらかじめ個々の風車に最適な疲労劣化を推定し、高精度な疲労劣化スケジュールを用意することは難しい。 However, since the increase in stress value due to fatigue degradation in wind turbines depends on the operating state of the wind turbine (operating time, wind conditions, installation location, etc.), the optimum fatigue degradation for each individual wind turbine is estimated in advance and high-precision fatigue degradation is achieved. It is difficult to prepare a schedule.
　また、特許文献２では、風車構造体に設定された所定の荷重観測箇所における荷重時系列データを作成する荷重データ作成手段と、前記荷重時系列データに基づいて、前記風車構造体に設定されている少なくとも１つの解析対象箇所における応力時系列データを作成し、応力時系列データの最大荷重とあらかじめ設定された閾値とを比較することで運転を制御することができる。 Further, in Patent Document 2, load data creation means for creating load time series data at a predetermined load observation point set in the wind turbine structure, and the wind turbine structure is set based on the load time series data. It is possible to control the operation by creating stress time series data at at least one analysis target location and comparing the maximum load of the stress time series data with a preset threshold value.
　しかしながら、この方法では特許文献１と同様に、あらかじめ最大荷重の閾値を設定する必要があり、個々の風車に最適な閾値を設定することが難しく、過剰に運転制御し発電量を抑制してしまう可能性がある。 However, in this method, similarly to Patent Document 1, it is necessary to set a threshold value for the maximum load in advance, and it is difficult to set an optimum threshold value for each wind turbine, and excessive operation control is performed to suppress the power generation amount. there is a possibility.
　そこで、本発明の目的は、風車の実測ひずみ値と当該風車の疲労劣化のない状態での正常応力値との比較から風車の疲労劣化状況を推定することで、個々の風車の疲労劣化状況を精度良く推定することができる風車を提供することにある。 Therefore, an object of the present invention is to estimate the fatigue degradation status of each wind turbine by estimating the fatigue degradation status of the wind turbine from a comparison between the measured strain value of the wind turbine and the normal stress value in a state where the wind turbine is not fatigue degradation. An object of the present invention is to provide a windmill that can be accurately estimated.
　また、本発明の別の目的は、風車の実測ひずみ値と当該風車の疲労劣化のない状態での正常応力値との比較から風車の疲労劣化状況を推定することで、個々の風車の疲労劣化状況を精度良く推定することができる風車の疲労劣化診断方法を提供することにある。 Another object of the present invention is to estimate the fatigue degradation status of each wind turbine by estimating the fatigue degradation status of the wind turbine from a comparison between the measured strain value of the wind turbine and the normal stress value of the wind turbine without fatigue degradation. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for diagnosing fatigue deterioration of a wind turbine that can accurately estimate the situation.
　また、本発明の他の目的は、風車の実測ひずみ値と当該風車の疲労劣化のない状態での正常応力値との比較から風車の疲労劣化状況を推定し、推定した疲労劣化状況に基づき風車の運転を制御する風車の運転制御方法を提供することにある。 Another object of the present invention is to estimate a wind turbine fatigue deterioration state from a comparison between an actual measured strain value of the wind turbine and a normal stress value of the wind turbine without fatigue deterioration, and based on the estimated fatigue deterioration state, An object of the present invention is to provide a windmill operation control method for controlling the operation of the wind turbine.
　上記課題を解決するために、本発明は、風を受けて発電運転する風車であって、前記風車に生じるひずみを計測するひずみ計測装置を備え、計測したひずみに基づき当該風車の第１の応力値を算出し、前記風車における風況情報に基づき当該風車の第２の応力値を算出し、前記第１の応力値および前記第２の応力値を比較し、前記比較結果に基づき当該風車の疲労劣化状況を算出することを特徴とする。 In order to solve the above-described problem, the present invention is a windmill that receives wind to generate power and includes a strain measuring device that measures strain generated in the windmill, and the first stress of the windmill based on the measured strain. A second stress value of the wind turbine is calculated based on wind condition information in the wind turbine, the first stress value and the second stress value are compared, and the wind turbine is calculated based on the comparison result. It is characterized by calculating a fatigue deterioration state.
　また、本発明は、風を受けて発電運転する風車の疲労劣化診断方法であって、ひずみ計測手段により計測したひずみに基づき当該風車の第１の応力値を算出し、前記風車における風況情報に基づき当該風車の第２の応力値を算出し、前記第１の応力値と前記第２の応力値とを比較し、前記第１の応力値と前記第２の応力値の比較結果に基づき当該風車の疲労劣化状況を診断することを特徴とする。 In addition, the present invention is a method for diagnosing fatigue deterioration of a wind turbine that generates electricity by receiving wind, and calculates a first stress value of the wind turbine based on the strain measured by the strain measuring means, and wind condition information on the wind turbine. The second stress value of the wind turbine is calculated based on the first stress value, the first stress value is compared with the second stress value, and the first stress value is compared with the second stress value based on the comparison result. It is characterized by diagnosing the state of fatigue deterioration of the wind turbine.
　また、本発明は、風を受けて発電運転する風車の運転制御方法であって、ひずみ計測手段により計測したひずみに基づき当該風車の第１の応力値を算出し、前記風車における風況情報に基づき当該風車の第２の応力値を算出し、前記第１の応力値と前記第２の応力値とを比較し、前記第１の応力値と前記第２の応力値の比較結果に基づき当該風車の疲労劣化状況を診断し、前記疲労劣化状況に基づき当該風車の運転を制御することを特徴とする。 Further, the present invention is an operation control method for a windmill that receives a wind to generate power, calculates a first stress value of the windmill based on the strain measured by the strain measuring means, and obtains the wind condition information in the windmill. A second stress value of the wind turbine is calculated based on the first stress value, the second stress value is compared with the second stress value, and the first stress value is compared with the second stress value. It is characterized by diagnosing the state of fatigue degradation of the windmill and controlling the operation of the windmill based on the state of fatigue degradation.
　本発明によれば、風車の実測ひずみ値と当該風車の疲労劣化のない状態での正常応力値との比較から風車の疲労劣化状況を推定することで、個々の風車の疲労劣化状況を精度良く推定することができる風車を実現できる。 According to the present invention, the fatigue deterioration state of each windmill is accurately estimated by estimating the fatigue deterioration state of the windmill from a comparison between the measured strain value of the windmill and the normal stress value of the windmill without fatigue deterioration. A windmill that can be estimated can be realized.
　また、本発明によれば、風車の実測ひずみ値と当該風車の疲労劣化のない状態での正常応力値との比較から風車の疲労劣化状況を推定することで、個々の風車の疲労劣化状況を精度良く推定することができる風車の疲労劣化診断方法を提供できる。 In addition, according to the present invention, the fatigue degradation status of each wind turbine can be determined by estimating the fatigue degradation status of the wind turbine from a comparison between the measured strain value of the wind turbine and the normal stress value of the wind turbine without fatigue degradation. It is possible to provide a method for diagnosing fatigue deterioration of a windmill that can be estimated with high accuracy.
　また、本発明によれば、風車の実測ひずみ値と当該風車の疲労劣化のない状態での正常応力値との比較から風車の疲労劣化状況を推定し、推定した疲労劣化状況に基づき風車の運転を制御する風車の運転制御方法を提供できる。 Further, according to the present invention, the fatigue degradation state of the wind turbine is estimated from a comparison between the measured strain value of the wind turbine and the normal stress value of the wind turbine without fatigue degradation, and the wind turbine is operated based on the estimated fatigue degradation status. It is possible to provide a windmill operation control method for controlling the wind turbine.
　上記した以外の課題、構成及び効果は、以下の実施形態の説明により明らかにされる。 Issues, configurations, and effects other than those described above will be clarified by the following description of the embodiments.
本発明の一実施形態における風車の疲労劣化診断方法の概要を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the outline | summary of the fatigue deterioration diagnostic method of the windmill in one Embodiment of this invention. 図１の正常応力算出器における正常応力値を算出する方法の一例を示すテーブルである。It is a table which shows an example of the method of calculating the normal stress value in the normal stress calculator of FIG. 図１の正常応力算出器における実働疲労劣化スケジュールの一例を概念的に示す図である。It is a figure which shows notionally an example of the working fatigue degradation schedule in the normal stress calculator of FIG. 本発明の一実施形態における風車の疲労劣化診断方法の一例を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows an example of the fatigue deterioration diagnostic method of the windmill in one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態における風車の疲労劣化診断方法の概要を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the outline | summary of the fatigue deterioration diagnostic method of the windmill in one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態における風車の疲労劣化診断方法の概要を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the outline | summary of the fatigue deterioration diagnostic method of the windmill in one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態におけるひずみ計測装置および疲労劣化診断装置を有する風車の概略構成図である。1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a windmill having a strain measurement device and a fatigue deterioration diagnosis device according to an embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の一実施形態における風車の運転制御装置の概要を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the outline | summary of the driving control apparatus of the windmill in one Embodiment of this invention.
　本発明の実施例について図面を参照しながら説明する。尚、各図面および各実施例において同一又は類似の構成要素については同じ符号を付し、重複する部分についてはその詳細な説明を省略する。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In each drawing and each embodiment, the same or similar components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description of overlapping portions is omitted.
　図１は、本発明の一実施例である風車の疲労劣化診断方法の概要を示すブロック図である。 FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an overview of a method for diagnosing fatigue deterioration of a wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
　図１に示す風車１００は、例えば、疲労劣化診断の対象の風車に設置されたひずみ計測装置１０からの出力値であるセンサデータを入力とし、当該風車の実測応力値を算出する実測応力算出器３０を備えている。また、風車の特定の部位に設置された風向風速計２０からの出力値である風向値・風速値を入力とし、当該風車の正常応力値を算出する正常応力算出器４０を備えている。 A windmill 100 shown in FIG. 1 receives, for example, sensor data that is an output value from a strain measuring device 10 installed in a windmill subject to fatigue deterioration diagnosis, and calculates an actual stress value of the windmill. 30. Further, a normal stress calculator 40 is provided which receives a wind direction value / wind speed value, which is an output value from the wind direction anemometer 20 installed in a specific part of the windmill, and calculates a normal stress value of the windmill.
　また、風車１００は、実測応力算出器３０から出力された実測応力値と正常応力算出器４０から出力された正常応力値を入力とし、実測応力値と正常応力値とを比較した疲労加速係数を算出する疲労劣化比較器（疲労加速係数算出器）５０と、疲労劣化比較器（疲労加速係数算出器）５０から出力された疲労加速係数を入力とし、疲労劣化度Ｓ１０を演算する疲労劣化演算器６０を有し、当該風車における疲労劣化度Ｓ１０を出力する。 In addition, the wind turbine 100 receives the actual stress value output from the actual stress calculator 30 and the normal stress value output from the normal stress calculator 40 as input, and calculates a fatigue acceleration coefficient by comparing the actual stress value with the normal stress value. A fatigue deterioration calculator (fatigue acceleration coefficient calculator) 50 to be calculated and a fatigue deterioration calculator to calculate the fatigue deterioration degree S10 with the fatigue acceleration coefficient output from the fatigue deterioration comparator (fatigue acceleration coefficient calculator) 50 as inputs. 60, and outputs the fatigue deterioration degree S10 in the wind turbine.
　ひずみ計測装置１０で測定されるセンサデータは風車のひずみ値を測定したデータであり、ここでひずみ計測装置１０とはひずみゲージや半導体ひずみセンサ、加速度センサなどである。 The sensor data measured by the strain measuring device 10 is data obtained by measuring the strain value of the windmill, and here, the strain measuring device 10 is a strain gauge, a semiconductor strain sensor, an acceleration sensor, or the like.
　風向風速計２０における特定の部位とは、例えば、風車の制御向けに設置されたナセル上部の風向風速計が考えられる。 The specific part in the anemometer 20 may be, for example, an anemometer at the top of the nacelle installed for wind turbine control.
　実測応力算出器３０はひずみ計測装置１０からの出力であるひずみデータを入力とし、例えばレインフロー法などを用いて、実測応力値を算出し、出力する。 Measured stress calculator 30 receives strain data, which is output from the strain measuring device 10, and calculates and outputs a measured stress value using, for example, a rainflow method.
　正常応力算出器４０は風向風速計２０からの出力である風向値・風速値を入力とし、予め蓄積された応力値を選択し、正常応力値として出力する。正常応力算出器４０には、当該風車設置後の所定期間における風速・風向と、そのときの実測応力算出器３０から出力された実測応力値とをセットにして蓄えられている。当該風車設置後所定期間とは風車が正常状態として稼働している期間を表し、例えば、１年間などが考えられる。風速・風向と実測応力値の蓄積方法として、例えば、図２に示すように正常応力変換テーブルを用いる方法が考えられる。 The normal stress calculator 40 receives the wind direction value / wind speed value output from the wind direction anemometer 20 as input, selects a stress value accumulated in advance, and outputs it as a normal stress value. The normal stress calculator 40 stores the wind speed / wind direction in a predetermined period after installation of the wind turbine and the measured stress value output from the measured stress calculator 30 at that time as a set. The predetermined period after the installation of the windmill represents a period during which the windmill is operating in a normal state, for example, one year. As a method for accumulating the wind speed / wind direction and the actually measured stress value, for example, a method using a normal stress conversion table as shown in FIG. 2 can be considered.
　また、当該風車設置後所定期間に蓄積された実働応力値から実働疲労劣化スケジュールを作成する。実働疲労劣化スケジュールとは該風車設置後所定期間(例えば１年)に蓄積された実働応力値が風車の設計寿命(例えば２０年)の間に繰り返し入力されたと仮定して、設計寿命までの風車の疲労劣化度の進捗を示す。 Also, an actual fatigue deterioration schedule is created from the actual stress values accumulated in a predetermined period after the wind turbine is installed. The actual fatigue deterioration schedule is based on the assumption that the actual stress value accumulated in a predetermined period (for example, 1 year) after the installation of the wind turbine is repeatedly input during the design life (for example, 20 years) of the wind turbine. The progress of the degree of fatigue deterioration is shown.
　実働疲労劣化スケジュールは例えば、図３に示すように横軸は風車の稼働時間をとり、横軸は疲労劣化度を示す。当該風車設置後所定期間の実測応力値を設計時の最大負荷応力値で割った値を縦軸にプロットし、当該風車設置後所定期間の疲労劣化度の傾きを求める。その傾きで風車の設計寿命までの疲労劣化が進行すると仮定して、実働疲労劣化線を延長する。実働疲労劣化スケジュールは疲労劣化演算器６０が保持する。 In the actual fatigue deterioration schedule, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, the horizontal axis indicates the operating time of the wind turbine, and the horizontal axis indicates the degree of fatigue deterioration. A value obtained by dividing the actually measured stress value for a predetermined period after the wind turbine installation by the maximum load stress value at the time of design is plotted on the vertical axis, and the slope of the fatigue deterioration degree for the predetermined period after the wind turbine installation is obtained. Assuming that the fatigue deterioration of the wind turbine reaches its design life with the inclination, the actual fatigue deterioration line is extended. The fatigue deterioration calculator 60 holds the actual fatigue deterioration schedule.
　疲労劣化比較器（疲労加速係数算出器）５０は実測応力算出器３０から出力された実測応力値と正常応力算出器４０から出力された正常応力値を入力とし、実測応力値と正常応力値との相関を表す疲労加速係数を算出し、出力する。疲労加速係数は例えば次式で計算する。 The fatigue deterioration comparator (fatigue acceleration coefficient calculator) 50 receives the actual stress value output from the actual stress calculator 30 and the normal stress value output from the normal stress calculator 40 as inputs, and the actual stress value and normal stress value are calculated. Calculate and output the fatigue acceleration coefficient representing the correlation. The fatigue acceleration coefficient is calculated by the following equation, for example.
　疲労加速係数＝実測応力値／正常応力値
　ここで、疲労加速係数は１以下の場合は疲労劣化なしであり、１より大きい場合は疲労劣化が進行していることを示す。 Fatigue acceleration coefficient = actual stress value / normal stress value Here, when the fatigue acceleration coefficient is 1 or less, there is no fatigue deterioration, and when it is greater than 1, fatigue deterioration is in progress.
　疲労劣化演算器６０は疲労劣化比較器（疲労加速係数算出器）５０から出力された疲労加速係数を入力とし、例えば、正常応力算出器４０で算出した実働疲労劣化スケジュールと比較し、疲労劣化度Ｓ１０を演算する。具体的には疲労加速係数に応じて実働疲労劣化線の傾きを修正（補正）し、修正（補正）した実働疲労劣化線が風車の設計寿命と交わる点を疲労劣化度として算出する。 The fatigue deterioration calculator 60 receives the fatigue acceleration coefficient output from the fatigue deterioration comparator (fatigue acceleration coefficient calculator) 50 as an input, and compares it with the actual fatigue deterioration schedule calculated by the normal stress calculator 40, for example. S10 is calculated. Specifically, the inclination of the actual fatigue deterioration line is corrected (corrected) according to the fatigue acceleration coefficient, and the point at which the corrected (corrected) actual fatigue deterioration line intersects with the design life of the wind turbine is calculated as the fatigue deterioration degree.
　図２は、図１の正常応力算出器４０における正常応力値を算出する方法の一例を示すテーブルである。基本的には既に説明したことの繰り返しとなるので、重複する説明は省略するが、図２に示すように、風速と風向を軸に取り、そのときの実働応力値が記録されている。このテーブルをひずみ計測装置１０が設置された該当部位ごとに作成する。または、ひずみ計測装置１０が設置された該当部位と風速を軸に取り、そのときの実働応力値が記録されているテーブルを用意する。このテーブルを風向ごとに用意する方法も考えられる。 FIG. 2 is a table showing an example of a method for calculating a normal stress value in the normal stress calculator 40 of FIG. Basically, since it has already been repeated, repeated description is omitted, but as shown in FIG. 2, the actual working stress value at that time is recorded with the wind speed and direction as axes. This table is created for each corresponding part where the strain measuring device 10 is installed. Alternatively, a table is prepared in which the corresponding part where the strain measuring device 10 is installed and the wind speed are taken as axes, and the actual stress values at that time are recorded. A method of preparing this table for each wind direction is also conceivable.
　図３は、図１の正常応力算出器４０で算出する実働疲労劣化スケジュールの一例を示す概念図である。基本的には既に説明したことの繰り返しとなるので、重複する説明は省略するが、図３に示すように、実働疲労劣化線が直線であるが、指数関数である場合も考えられる。また図３では該風車設置後所定期間の実働劣化線の傾きを元に実働疲労劣化線を延長しているが、一定期間(例えば５年ごと)に実働劣化線を引きなおす方法も考えられる。 FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of an actual fatigue deterioration schedule calculated by the normal stress calculator 40 of FIG. Basically, since it is a repetition of what has already been described, overlapping description is omitted, but as shown in FIG. 3, the actual fatigue deterioration line is a straight line, but it may be an exponential function. In FIG. 3, the actual fatigue degradation line is extended based on the slope of the actual degradation line for a predetermined period after the wind turbine is installed, but a method of redrawing the actual degradation line for a certain period (for example, every 5 years) is also conceivable.
　図４は、風車の疲労劣化診断方法の一例を示すフローチャートである。基本的には既に説明したことの繰り返しとなるので、重複する説明は省略するが、図４に示すように、疲労劣化診断を開始すると、ひずみ計測ステップＦ１では当該風車のひずみを入力とし、ひずみ値Ｄ１０を出力して実測応力算出ステップＦ２へ進む。 FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a method for diagnosing fatigue deterioration of a windmill. Basically, since it has already been described, repeated description is omitted. However, as shown in FIG. 4, when the fatigue deterioration diagnosis is started, the strain measurement step F1 receives the strain of the wind turbine as an input. The value D10 is output and the process proceeds to the actually measured stress calculation step F2.
　実測応力算出ステップＦ２ではステップＦ１で出力されたひずみ値Ｄ１０を入力として、例えばレインフロー法を用いて実測応力値Ｄ２０を出力して、疲労加速係数算出ステップＦ５へ進む。 In the measured stress calculation step F2, the strain value D10 output in step F1 is input, for example, the measured stress value D20 is output using the rain flow method, and the process proceeds to the fatigue acceleration coefficient calculation step F5.
　風向・風速計測ステップＦ３では当該風車に既設の風向風速計を用いて、風向値と風速値Ｄ３０を出力して正常応力算出ステップＦ４へ進む。 In the wind direction / wind speed measurement step F3, the wind direction value and the wind speed value D30 are output using the anemometer existing in the wind turbine, and the process proceeds to the normal stress calculation step F4.
　正常応力算出ステップＦ４ではステップＦ３で出力された風向値と風速値Ｄ３０を入力として、あらかじめ用意された正常応力変換テーブルを用いて正常応力値Ｄ４０を出力して、疲労加速係数算出ステップＦ５へ進む。 In the normal stress calculation step F4, the wind direction value and the wind speed value D30 output in step F3 are input, the normal stress value D40 is output using a normal stress conversion table prepared in advance, and the process proceeds to the fatigue acceleration coefficient calculation step F5. .
　疲労加速係数算出ステップＦ５ではステップＦ２で算出された実測応力値Ｄ２０とステップＦ４で算出された正常応力値Ｄ４０を入力として、実測応力値と正常応力値との相関を表す疲労加速係数Ｄ５０を算出して疲労劣化演算ステップＦ６へ進む。 In the fatigue acceleration coefficient calculation step F5, the fatigue acceleration coefficient D50 representing the correlation between the actual stress value and the normal stress value is calculated using the actual stress value D20 calculated in step F2 and the normal stress value D40 calculated in step F4 as inputs. Then, the process proceeds to the fatigue deterioration calculation step F6.
　疲労劣化演算ステップＦ６ではステップ５で算出された疲労加速係数Ｄ５０を入力として、実働疲労劣化スケジュールと比較し、例えば、図３に示す方法により疲労劣化度Ｓ１０を算出して終了となる。 In the fatigue deterioration calculation step F6, the fatigue acceleration coefficient D50 calculated in step 5 is input and compared with the actual fatigue deterioration schedule. For example, the fatigue deterioration degree S10 is calculated by the method shown in FIG.
　以上説明したように、本実施例によれば、風向風速計からの風向・風速と当該風車における疲労劣化の検知対象となる部位に設置したひずみセンサにより、当該風車の疲労劣化度を精度良く推定することができる。 As described above, according to the present embodiment, the degree of fatigue deterioration of the wind turbine is accurately estimated by the wind direction / wind speed from the anemometer and the strain sensor installed in the portion that is subject to fatigue deterioration detection in the wind turbine. can do.
　なお、本実施例における疲労劣化度は、当該風車の疲労劣化状況が把握できれば、本明細書における疲労劣化度自体に限定されるものではない。 It should be noted that the degree of fatigue deterioration in this embodiment is not limited to the degree of fatigue deterioration in this specification as long as the state of fatigue deterioration of the wind turbine can be grasped.
　また、当該風車における風向・風速などの風況情報には、当該風車自体に設けられる風向風速計により計測されるもの以外にも、例えば、当該風車の風上側に設置された風車の実測データを用いる場合も考えられる。 Further, in the wind condition information such as the wind direction and wind speed in the windmill, in addition to the wind direction anemometer provided in the windmill itself, for example, measured data of the windmill installed on the windward side of the windmill The case where it uses is also considered.
　図５は、本発明の第二の実施形態による風車の疲労劣化診断方法の概要を示すブロック図である。 FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing an outline of a method for diagnosing fatigue deterioration of a wind turbine according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
　図５に示す疲労劣化診断装置を有する風車２００は、例えば、疲労劣化診断の対象の風車に設置されたひずみ計測装置１０からの出力値であるセンサデータを入力とし、当該風車の実測応力値を算出する実測応力算出器３０を備えている。また、風車の特定の部位に設置された風向風速計２０からの出力値である風向値・風速値を入力とし、当該風車の正常応力値を算出する正常応力算出器４０を備えている。 The windmill 200 having the fatigue deterioration diagnosis device shown in FIG. 5 receives, for example, sensor data that is an output value from the strain measurement device 10 installed in the windmill subject to fatigue deterioration diagnosis, and uses the measured stress value of the windmill. An actual measurement stress calculator 30 for calculating is provided. Further, a normal stress calculator 40 is provided which receives a wind direction value / wind speed value, which is an output value from the wind direction anemometer 20 installed in a specific part of the windmill, and calculates a normal stress value of the windmill.
　また、疲労劣化診断装置を有する風車２００は、実測応力算出器３０から出力された実測応力値と正常応力算出器４０から出力された正常応力値を入力とし、実測応力値と正常応力値とを比較した疲労加速係数を算出する疲労劣化比較器（疲労加速係数算出器）５０と、疲労劣化比較器（疲労加速係数算出器）５０から出力された疲労加速係数を入力とし、疲労劣化度Ｓ１０を演算する疲労劣化演算器６０を有している。 Further, the wind turbine 200 having the fatigue deterioration diagnosis device receives the actual stress value output from the actual stress calculator 30 and the normal stress value output from the normal stress calculator 40 as input, and calculates the actual stress value and the normal stress value. Fatigue degradation comparator (fatigue acceleration factor calculator) 50 for calculating the fatigue acceleration factor compared, and fatigue acceleration factor output from fatigue degradation comparator (fatigue acceleration factor calculator) 50 are input, and fatigue degradation degree S10 is calculated. It has a fatigue deterioration calculator 60 for calculating.
　実測応力算出器３０、正常応力算出器４０、疲労劣化比較器（疲労加速係数算出器）５０、疲労劣化演算器６０は、風車の経年疲労劣化の度合いを示す疲労劣化度Ｓ１０を出力する疲労劣化診断装置３００を構成しており、疲労劣化度Ｓ１０を出力する。 The measured stress calculator 30, the normal stress calculator 40, the fatigue deterioration comparator (fatigue acceleration coefficient calculator) 50, and the fatigue deterioration calculator 60 output a fatigue deterioration degree S10 indicating the degree of aged tire fatigue deterioration. The diagnostic apparatus 300 is comprised and the fatigue deterioration degree S10 is output.
　上記のように、疲労劣化診断装置を有する風車２００は、実施例１において説明した風車１００とほぼ同じ構成だが、実測応力算出器３０と正常応力算出器４０と疲労劣化比較器（疲労加速係数算出器）５０と疲労劣化演算器６０とを纏めて疲労劣化診断装置３００としている。ひずみ計測装置１０、風向風速計２０、実測応力算出器３０、正常応力算出器４０、疲労加速係数算出器５０、および疲労劣化演算器６０については既に説明したことの繰り返しとなるので、詳細な説明は省略する。 As described above, the wind turbine 200 having the fatigue degradation diagnosis device has substantially the same configuration as the wind turbine 100 described in the first embodiment, but the actual stress calculator 30, the normal stress calculator 40, and the fatigue degradation comparator (fatigue acceleration coefficient calculation). ) 50 and the fatigue deterioration calculator 60 are combined into a fatigue deterioration diagnosis device 300. Since the strain measuring device 10, the anemometer 20, the actually measured stress calculator 30, the normal stress calculator 40, the fatigue acceleration coefficient calculator 50, and the fatigue deterioration calculator 60 are repeated, the detailed description will be given. Is omitted.
　本実施例によれば、既設の風車に対してひずみ計測装置１０と疲労劣化診断装置３００を追加することで、実施例１で説明した風車１００と同様に疲労劣化度を精度よく推定することができる。 According to the present embodiment, by adding the strain measuring device 10 and the fatigue deterioration diagnosis device 300 to the existing windmill, the fatigue deterioration degree can be accurately estimated in the same manner as the windmill 100 described in the first embodiment. it can.
　図６は、本発明の第三の実施形態による風車の疲労劣化診断方法の概要を示すブロック図である。 FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing an overview of a method for diagnosing windmill fatigue deterioration according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
　図６に示すひずみ計測装置を有する風車４００は、例えば、疲労劣化診断の対象の風車に設置されたひずみ計測装置１０からの出力値であるセンサデータを入力とし、当該風車の実測応力値を算出する実測応力算出器３０を備えている。また、風車の特定の部位に設置された風向風速計２０からの出力値である風向値・風速値を入力とし、当該風車の正常応力値を算出する正常応力算出器４０を備えている。 The windmill 400 having the strain measurement device shown in FIG. 6 receives, for example, sensor data that is an output value from the strain measurement device 10 installed in the windmill subject to fatigue degradation diagnosis, and calculates an actual stress value of the windmill. An actually measured stress calculator 30 is provided. Further, a normal stress calculator 40 is provided which receives a wind direction value / wind speed value, which is an output value from the wind direction anemometer 20 installed in a specific part of the windmill, and calculates a normal stress value of the windmill.
　また、風車監視棟５００は、ひずみ計測装置を有する風車４００から出力された当該風車の実測応力値と正常応力値を入力とし、実測応力値と正常応力値とを比較した疲労加速係数を算出する疲労劣化比較器（疲労加速係数算出器）５０と、疲労劣化比較器（疲労加速係数算出器）５０から出力された疲労加速係数を入力とし、疲労劣化度Ｓ１０を演算する疲労劣化演算器６０を有し、当該風車における疲労劣化度Ｓ１０を出力する。 Moreover, the windmill monitoring building 500 receives the measured stress value and the normal stress value of the windmill output from the windmill 400 having the strain measuring device, and calculates a fatigue acceleration coefficient by comparing the measured stress value and the normal stress value. A fatigue deterioration calculator (fatigue acceleration coefficient calculator) 50 and a fatigue deterioration calculator 60 that calculates the fatigue deterioration degree S10 using the fatigue acceleration coefficient output from the fatigue deterioration comparator (fatigue acceleration coefficient calculator) 50 as input. And output the fatigue degradation degree S10 in the wind turbine.
　つまり、本実施例においては、ひずみ計測装置１０、風向風速計２０、実測応力算出器３０、正常応力算出器４０を備える風車４００と、疲労劣化比較器（疲労加速係数算出器）５０、疲労劣化演算器６０を備える風車監視棟５００により構成されている。 In other words, in this embodiment, the wind turbine 400 including the strain measuring device 10, the wind direction anemometer 20, the actually measured stress calculator 30, and the normal stress calculator 40, the fatigue deterioration comparator (fatigue acceleration coefficient calculator) 50, the fatigue deterioration. The wind turbine monitoring building 500 including the calculator 60 is configured.
　基本的には実施例１或いは実施例２で説明した風車１００や風車２００とほぼ同じ構成であり、ひずみ計測装置１０、風向風速計２０、実測応力算出器３０、正常応力算出器４０、疲労劣化比較器（疲労加速係数算出器）５０、および疲労劣化演算器６０については既に説明したことの繰り返しとなるので、詳細な説明は省略する。 The configuration is basically the same as that of the windmill 100 or the windmill 200 described in the first embodiment or the second embodiment, and the strain measuring device 10, the wind direction anemometer 20, the actually measured stress calculator 30, the normal stress calculator 40, and the fatigue deterioration. Since the comparator (fatigue acceleration coefficient calculator) 50 and the fatigue deterioration calculator 60 are the same as those already described, detailed description thereof will be omitted.
　図６では疲労劣化比較器（疲労加速係数算出器）５０、および疲労劣化演算器６０を風車監視棟に設置した構成であるが、実測応力算出器３０、正常応力算出器４０を同様に風車監視棟に設置した構成も可能である。また無線通信或いは有線通信などのネットワーク回線等を介して、実測応力算出器３０、正常応力算出器４０、疲労劣化比較器（疲労加速係数算出器）５０、および疲労劣化演算器６０を風車および風車監視棟以外に設置する構成も可能である。 In FIG. 6, the fatigue deterioration comparator (fatigue acceleration coefficient calculator) 50 and the fatigue deterioration calculator 60 are installed in the windmill monitoring building, but the measured stress calculator 30 and the normal stress calculator 40 are similarly monitored by the windmill. A configuration installed in the building is also possible. Further, the measured stress calculator 30, the normal stress calculator 40, the fatigue deterioration comparator (fatigue acceleration coefficient calculator) 50, and the fatigue deterioration calculator 60 are connected to the windmill and the windmill via a network line such as wireless communication or wired communication. A configuration other than the monitoring building is also possible.
　同様に、各実施例において疲労劣化演算器６０により算出した疲労劣化度Ｓ１０を風車１００や風車２００、風車監視棟５００から無線通信或いは有線通信などのネットワーク回線等を介して、例えば、外部に設けられた中央監視システムへ伝送することも考えられる。この場合、風車１００や風車２００、風車監視棟５００に無線発信装置などの伝送手段を設置する必要がある。 Similarly, the fatigue deterioration degree S10 calculated by the fatigue deterioration calculator 60 in each embodiment is provided, for example, outside from the windmill 100, the windmill 200, and the windmill monitoring building 500 via a network line such as wireless communication or wired communication. Transmission to a centralized monitoring system is also possible. In this case, it is necessary to install transmission means such as a wireless transmitter in the windmill 100, the windmill 200, and the windmill monitoring building 500.
　図７は、本発明の第四の実施形態によるひずみ計測装置および疲労劣化診断装置を有する風車の概略構成図である。 FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram of a windmill having a strain measurement device and a fatigue deterioration diagnosis device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
　図７に示すひずみ計測装置および疲労劣化診断装置を有する風車１０００は、例えば、疲労劣化診断対象である風車のタワーＥ１０またはブレードＥ２０と、風車のタワーＥ１０またはブレードＥ２０に設置されたひずみ計測装置１０と、風車の環境データおよび制御データを蓄積しているＳＣＡＤＡ７０（Ｓｕｐｅｒｖｉｓｏｒｙ－Ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌ－Ａｎｄ－Ｄａｔａ－Ａｃｑｕｉｓｉｔｉｏｎ：監視制御システム）と、風車の経年疲労劣化の度合いを示す疲労劣化度Ｓ１０を出力する疲労劣化診断装置３００を有し、疲労劣化度Ｓ１０を出力する。 The wind turbine 1000 having the strain measuring device and the fatigue deterioration diagnosis device shown in FIG. 7 includes, for example, a wind turbine tower E10 or blade E20 that is a fatigue deterioration diagnosis target, and the strain measuring device 10 installed in the wind turbine tower E10 or blade E20. Fatigue degradation which outputs SCADA70 (Supervision-Control-And-Data-Acquisition: supervisory control system) which accumulates environmental data and control data of the windmill, and a fatigue degradation degree S10 indicating the degree of aged fatigue degradation of the windmill It has a diagnostic device 300 and outputs a fatigue degradation degree S10.
　ひずみ計測装置および疲労劣化診断装置を有する風車１０００は、実施例２で説明した疲労劣化診断装置を有する風車２００とほぼ同じ構成であり、ひずみ計測装置１０および疲労劣化診断装置３００については既に説明したことの繰り返しとなるので、詳細な説明は省略する。 The windmill 1000 having the strain measurement device and the fatigue deterioration diagnosis device has substantially the same configuration as the windmill 200 having the fatigue deterioration diagnosis device described in the second embodiment, and the strain measurement device 10 and the fatigue deterioration diagnosis device 300 have already been described. Since this is repeated, detailed description is omitted.
　疲労劣化度Ｓ１０はレポートの形で出力される形態や風車の監視棟などにおけるモニタリング画面に出力される形態、または、風車の環境データの一部としてデータ蓄積装置であるＳＣＡＤＡ７０に記憶される形態が考えられる。図７では疲労劣化診断装置３００はひずみ計測装置および疲労劣化診断装置を有する風車１０００に含まれているが、ＳＣＡＤＡ７０に組み込まれて、ＳＣＡＤＡ７０の一機能とする形態も考えられる。 The fatigue degradation degree S10 may be output in the form of a report, output on a monitoring screen in a wind turbine monitoring building, or stored in the SCADA 70 as a data storage device as part of wind turbine environmental data. Conceivable. In FIG. 7, the fatigue deterioration diagnosis device 300 is included in a wind turbine 1000 having a strain measurement device and a fatigue deterioration diagnosis device. However, a configuration in which the fatigue deterioration diagnosis device 300 is incorporated into the SCADA 70 and functions as the SCADA 70 is also conceivable.
　図８は、本発明の第五の実施形態による風車の運転制御装置の概要を示すブロック図である。なお、図８では構成が判り易いよう、上記の各実施例で説明した実測応力算出器３０や正常応力算出器４０、疲労劣化比較器（疲労加速係数算出器）５０、疲労劣化演算器６０を疲労劣化診断装置３００として示している。 FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing an overview of a windmill operation control apparatus according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 8, the measured stress calculator 30, the normal stress calculator 40, the fatigue deterioration comparator (fatigue acceleration coefficient calculator) 50, and the fatigue deterioration calculator 60 described in each of the above embodiments are included so that the configuration can be easily understood. A fatigue deterioration diagnosis apparatus 300 is shown.
　図８に示す風車の運転制御装置２０００は、疲労劣化診断の対象の風車に設置されたひずみ計測装置１０からの出力値であるセンサデータに基づき算出した実測応力値、および風車の特定の部位に設置された風向風速計２０からの出力値に基づき算出した正常応力値を入力とし、風車の経年疲労劣化の度合いを示す疲労劣化度Ｓ１０を出力する疲労劣化診断装置３００と、疲労劣化診断装置３００から出力された疲労劣化度を入力とし、疲労劣化度と運転基準値を比較し、運転制御信号Ｓ２０を出力する運転制御器８０を有し、運転制御信号Ｓ２０を出力する。 The wind turbine operation control device 2000 shown in FIG. 8 has an actual stress value calculated based on sensor data that is an output value from the strain measurement device 10 installed in the wind turbine subject to fatigue deterioration diagnosis, and a specific portion of the wind turbine. A fatigue deterioration diagnosis device 300 that outputs a fatigue deterioration degree S10 indicating the degree of deterioration of the wind turbine over time by using a normal stress value calculated based on an output value from the installed anemometer 20 and a fatigue deterioration diagnosis device 300 The operation controller 80 outputs the operation control signal S20. The operation controller 80 outputs the operation control signal S20. The operation controller 80 outputs the operation control signal S20.
　風車の運転制御装置２０００は、実施例２で説明した疲労劣化診断装置を有する風車２００に運転制御器８０を追加した構成であり、ひずみ計測装置１０および疲労劣化診断装置３００については既に説明したことの繰り返しとなるので、詳細な説明は省略する。 The wind turbine operation control device 2000 has a configuration in which an operation controller 80 is added to the wind turbine 200 having the fatigue deterioration diagnosis device described in the second embodiment, and the strain measurement device 10 and the fatigue deterioration diagnosis device 300 have already been described. Therefore, detailed description is omitted.
　運転制御器８０は疲労劣化度を入力とし、例えば、安全率を考慮して疲労劣化度９０を運転基準値として、疲労劣化度が運転基準値以下のときは通常運転または稼働率を上げる、疲労劣化度が運転基準値より大きい場合は抑制運転をおこなう等の運転制御信号Ｓ２０を出力する。 The operation controller 80 receives the fatigue deterioration degree as an input. For example, the fatigue deterioration degree 90 is set as an operation reference value in consideration of the safety factor, and when the fatigue deterioration degree is equal to or less than the operation reference value, the normal operation or the operation rate is increased. When the degree of deterioration is larger than the operation reference value, an operation control signal S20 for performing a suppression operation is output.
　当該風車の疲労劣化度を把握することで、次回のメンテナンスまで風車を持たせるために抑制運転をおこなう、もしくは故障する時期を予測し、次回のメンテナンス作業日までの間隔を鑑みて、次回メンテナンス作業日まで発電量が最大になるような運転をおこなうなど、疲労劣化度に応じて運転モードを変更することで、顧客のニーズに最適なオペレーションサービスを提供することができる。 By grasping the degree of fatigue deterioration of the windmill, the next maintenance work is performed in consideration of the interval until the next maintenance work day by predicting the time when the windmill will be held until the next maintenance, or when the failure will occur. By changing the operation mode according to the degree of fatigue deterioration, such as operation that maximizes the amount of power generation until the day, it is possible to provide an operation service that is optimal for customer needs.
　また、直ちに部品を発注し、次回の点検日を予定より早める、もしくは疲労劣化度の進行経過を鑑みて、メンテナンス周期を見直すなど、メンテナンス調整サービスを提供することもできる。 Also, it is possible to provide maintenance adjustment services such as ordering parts immediately and making the next inspection date ahead of schedule or reviewing the maintenance cycle in view of the progress of the degree of fatigue deterioration.
　さらに、疲労劣化度を顧客、特に風車オーナーに提示することで、風車のメンテナンスレポートとすることができる。また、部品交換が必要な場合、費用負担を請求する際の証拠となる。 Furthermore, it is possible to make a windmill maintenance report by presenting the degree of fatigue deterioration to customers, particularly windmill owners. Also, if parts need to be replaced, this will be evidence when requesting a cost burden.
　上記の各実施例によれば、風向風速計からの風向・風速と当該風車における疲労劣化の検知対象となる部位に設置したひずみセンサにより、風車の疲労劣化を推定することができる。また、風車の疲労劣化度を考慮することで、次回のメンテナンスまで損傷部位を持たせるために、抑制運転をおこなうなど、最適なＯ＆Ｍサービス（Ｏｐｅｒａｔｉｏｎ－Ａｎｄ－Ｍａｉｎｔｅｎａｎｃｅ）を提供することができる。 According to each of the embodiments described above, it is possible to estimate the fatigue deterioration of the wind turbine by using the wind direction / wind speed from the anemometer and the strain sensor installed at the site where the fatigue degradation is detected in the wind turbine. In addition, considering the degree of fatigue deterioration of the windmill, it is possible to provide an optimum O & M service (Operation-And-Maintenance) such as performing a restraint operation in order to have a damaged part until the next maintenance.
　なお、本発明は上記した実施例に限定されるものではなく、様々な変形例が含まれる。例えば、上記した実施例は本発明を分かりやすく説明するために詳細に説明したものであり、必ずしも説明した全ての構成を備えるものに限定されるものではない。また、ある実施例の構成の一部を他の実施例の構成に置き換えることが可能であり、また、ある実施例の構成に他の実施例の構成を加えることも可能である。また、各実施例の構成の一部について、他の構成の追加・削除・置換をすることが可能である。 In addition, this invention is not limited to the above-mentioned Example, Various modifications are included. For example, the above-described embodiments have been described in detail for easy understanding of the present invention, and are not necessarily limited to those having all the configurations described. Further, a part of the configuration of one embodiment can be replaced with the configuration of another embodiment, and the configuration of another embodiment can be added to the configuration of one embodiment. Further, it is possible to add, delete, and replace other configurations for a part of the configuration of each embodiment.
　また、上記の各構成、機能、処理部、処理手段などは、それらの一部または全部を、例えば集積回路で設計するなどによりハードウェアで実現してもよい。また、上記の各構成や機能などは、プロセッサがそれぞれの機能を実現するプログラムを解釈し、実行することによりソフトウェアで実現してもよい。各機能を実現するプログラム、テーブル、ファイルなどの情報は、メモリやハードディスク、ＳＳＤ（Ｓｏｌｉｄ　Ｓｔａｔｅ　Ｄｒｉｖｅ）などの記録装置、またはＩＣカード、ＳＤカード、ＤＶＤなどの記録媒体に置くことができる。 In addition, each of the above-described configurations, functions, processing units, processing means, and the like may be realized by hardware by designing a part or all of them with, for example, an integrated circuit. Further, each of the above-described configurations and functions may be realized by software by interpreting and executing a program that realizes each function by the processor. Information such as programs, tables, and files that realize each function can be stored in a recording device such as a memory, a hard disk, or an SSD (Solid State Drive), or a recording medium such as an IC card, an SD card, or a DVD.
　また、制御線や情報線は説明上必要と考えられるものを示しており、製品上必ずしもすべての制御線や情報線を示しているとは限らない。実際にはほとんどすべての構成が相互に接続されていると考えてもよい。 In addition, the control lines and information lines indicate what is considered necessary for the explanation, and not all control lines and information lines on the product are necessarily shown. Actually, it may be considered that almost all the components are connected to each other.
　１０…ひずみ計測装置、２０…風向風速計、３０…実測応力算出器、４０…正常応力算出器、５０…疲労劣化比較器（疲労加速係数算出器）、６０…疲労劣化演算器、７０…ＳＣＡＤＡ、８０…運転制御器、１００…風車、２００…疲労劣化診断装置を有する風車、３００…疲労劣化診断装置、４００…ひずみ計測装置を有する風車、５００…風車監視棟、１０００…ひずみ計測装置および疲労劣化診断装置を有する風車、２０００…風車の運転制御装置、Ｄ１０…ひずみ値、Ｄ２０…実測応力値、Ｄ３０…風向値と風速値、Ｄ４０…正常応力値、Ｄ５０…疲労加速係数、Ｅ１０…タワー、Ｅ２０…ブレード、Ｆ１…ひずみ計測ステップ、Ｆ２…実測応力算出ステップ、Ｆ３…風向・風速計測ステップ、Ｆ４…正常応力算出ステップ、Ｆ５…疲労加速係数算出ステップ、Ｆ６…疲労劣化演算ステップ、Ｓ１０…疲労劣化度、Ｓ２０…運転制御信号。 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Strain measuring device, 20 ... Wind direction anemometer, 30 ... Actual stress calculator, 40 ... Normal stress calculator, 50 ... Fatigue deterioration comparator (fatigue acceleration coefficient calculator), 60 ... Fatigue deterioration calculator, 70 ... SCADA DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 80 ... Operation controller, 100 ... Windmill, 200 ... Windmill having fatigue deterioration diagnosis device, 300 ... Fatigue deterioration diagnosis device, 400 ... Windmill having strain measurement device, 500 ... Windmill monitoring building, 1000 ... Strain measurement device and fatigue Wind turbine having a deterioration diagnosis device, 2000 ... wind turbine operation control device, D10 ... strain value, D20 ... measured stress value, D30 ... wind direction value and wind speed value, D40 ... normal stress value, D50 ... fatigue acceleration coefficient, E10 ... tower, E20 ... Blade, F1 ... Strain measurement step, F2 ... Measured stress calculation step, F3 ... Wind direction / wind speed measurement step, F4 ... Normal stress calculation step, F5 Fatigue acceleration factor calculation step, F6 ... fatigue calculation step, S10 ... fatigue degradation degree, S20 ... operation control signal.

Claims (16)

  1. 　風を受けて発電運転する風車であって、
    　前記風車に生じるひずみを計測するひずみ計測装置を備え、
    　計測したひずみに基づき当該風車の第１の応力値を算出し、
    　前記風車における風況情報に基づき当該風車の第２の応力値を算出し、
    　前記第１の応力値および前記第２の応力値を比較し、
    　前記比較結果に基づき当該風車の疲労劣化状況を算出することを特徴とする風車。     A windmill that operates by generating electricity in response to the wind,
    A strain measuring device for measuring strain generated in the windmill,
    Calculate the first stress value of the wind turbine based on the measured strain,
    Calculating a second stress value of the wind turbine based on wind condition information in the wind turbine;
    Comparing the first stress value and the second stress value;
    A windmill characterized by calculating a fatigue deterioration state of the windmill based on the comparison result.
  2. 　請求項１に記載の風車であって、
    　前記第１の応力値を算出する実測応力算出器と、
    　前記第２の応力値を算出する正常応力算出器と、
    　前記第１の応力値および前記第２の応力値を比較する比較器と、
    　前記比較結果に基づき疲労劣化状況を算出する疲労劣化演算器と、
    　を備えることを特徴とする風車。     The windmill according to claim 1,
    An actually measured stress calculator for calculating the first stress value;
    A normal stress calculator for calculating the second stress value;
    A comparator for comparing the first stress value and the second stress value;
    A fatigue deterioration calculator for calculating a fatigue deterioration state based on the comparison result;
    A windmill comprising:
  3. 　請求項２に記載の風車であって、
    　前記正常応力算出器は、所定の期間蓄積した当該風車の風況情報および実測応力値に基づき予め設定された正常応力変換テーブルを用いて前記第２の応力値を算出することを特徴とする風車。     The windmill according to claim 2,
    The normal stress calculator calculates the second stress value by using a normal stress conversion table set in advance based on wind condition information of the wind turbine and an actually measured stress value accumulated for a predetermined period. .
  4. 　請求項２に記載の風車であって、
    　前記比較器は、前記第２の応力値に対する前記第１の応力値の比である疲労加速係数を算出することを特徴とする風車。     The windmill according to claim 2,
    The wind turbine according to claim 1, wherein the comparator calculates a fatigue acceleration coefficient that is a ratio of the first stress value to the second stress value.
  5. 　請求項４に記載の風車であって、
    　前記疲労劣化演算器は、前記第２の応力値に基づき前記風車の疲労劣化スケジュールを作成し、
    　前記疲労加速係数に基づき前記疲労劣化スケジュールを補正し、
    　前記補正した疲労劣化スケジュール、および前記風車の設計寿命から当該風車の疲労劣化状況を算出することを特徴とする風車。     The windmill according to claim 4,
    The fatigue deterioration calculator creates a fatigue deterioration schedule of the windmill based on the second stress value,
    Correct the fatigue degradation schedule based on the fatigue acceleration factor,
    A windmill characterized by calculating a fatigue deterioration state of the windmill from the corrected fatigue deterioration schedule and the design life of the windmill.
  6. 　請求項１から５のいずれか一項に記載の風車であって、
    　算出した当該風車の疲労劣化状況を無線通信或いは有線通信により外部へ伝送する伝送手段を備えることを特徴とする風車。     The windmill according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
    A windmill comprising transmission means for transmitting the calculated fatigue deterioration status of the windmill to the outside by wireless communication or wired communication.
  7. 　風を受けて発電運転する風車の疲労劣化診断方法であって、
    　ひずみ計測手段により計測したひずみに基づき当該風車の第１の応力値を算出し、
    　前記風車における風況情報に基づき当該風車の第２の応力値を算出し、
    　前記第１の応力値と前記第２の応力値とを比較し、
    　前記第１の応力値と前記第２の応力値の比較結果に基づき当該風車の疲労劣化状況を診断することを特徴とする風車の疲労劣化診断方法。     A method for diagnosing fatigue deterioration of a windmill that receives power from the wind
    Calculating the first stress value of the wind turbine based on the strain measured by the strain measuring means;
    Calculating a second stress value of the wind turbine based on wind condition information in the wind turbine;
    Comparing the first stress value and the second stress value;
    A method for diagnosing fatigue deterioration of a wind turbine, comprising diagnosing a fatigue degradation state of the wind turbine based on a comparison result between the first stress value and the second stress value.
  8. 　請求項７に記載の風車の疲労劣化診断方法であって、
    　前記第１の応力値は、前記ひずみ計測手段により計測したひずみ値に基づき算出される実測応力値であることを特徴とする風車の疲労劣化診断方法。     A wind turbine fatigue deterioration diagnosis method according to claim 7,
    The method for diagnosing fatigue deterioration of a wind turbine, wherein the first stress value is an actually measured stress value calculated based on a strain value measured by the strain measuring means.
  9. 　請求項８に記載の風車の疲労劣化診断方法であって、
    　前記第２の応力値は、所定の期間蓄積した当該風車の風況情報および実測応力値に基づき予め設定された正常応力変換テーブルを用いて算出される正常応力値であることを特徴とする風車の疲労劣化診断方法。     A method for diagnosing fatigue deterioration of a windmill according to claim 8,
    The second stress value is a normal stress value calculated using a normal stress conversion table set in advance based on wind condition information and actual measurement stress value accumulated for a predetermined period. Fatigue deterioration diagnosis method.
  10. 　請求項７に記載の風車の疲労劣化診断方法であって、
    　前記第１の応力値と前記第２の応力値との比較により、前記第２の応力値に対する前記第１の応力値の比である疲労加速係数を算出することを特徴とする風車の疲労劣化診断方法。     A wind turbine fatigue deterioration diagnosis method according to claim 7,
    Fatigue deterioration of a wind turbine, wherein a fatigue acceleration coefficient that is a ratio of the first stress value to the second stress value is calculated by comparing the first stress value and the second stress value Diagnosis method.
  11. 　請求項１０に記載の風車の疲労劣化診断方法であって、
    　前記第２の応力値に基づき前記風車の疲労劣化スケジュールを作成し、
    　前記疲労加速係数に基づき前記疲労劣化スケジュールを補正し、
    　前記補正した疲労劣化スケジュール、および前記風車の設計寿命から当該風車の疲労劣化状況を算出することを特徴とする風車の疲労劣化診断方法。     A method for diagnosing fatigue deterioration of a wind turbine according to claim 10,
    Creating a fatigue degradation schedule for the wind turbine based on the second stress value;
    Correct the fatigue degradation schedule based on the fatigue acceleration factor,
    A method for diagnosing fatigue deterioration of a windmill, comprising: calculating a fatigue deterioration state of the windmill from the corrected fatigue deterioration schedule and the design life of the windmill.
  12. 　風を受けて発電運転する風車の運転制御方法であって、
    　ひずみ計測手段により計測したひずみに基づき当該風車の第１の応力値を算出し、
    　前記風車における風況情報に基づき当該風車の第２の応力値を算出し、
    　前記第１の応力値と前記第２の応力値とを比較し、
    　前記第１の応力値と前記第２の応力値の比較結果に基づき当該風車の疲労劣化状況を診断し、
    　前記疲労劣化状況に基づき当該風車の運転を制御することを特徴とする風車の運転制御方法。     An operation control method for a windmill that generates electricity by receiving wind,
    Calculating the first stress value of the wind turbine based on the strain measured by the strain measuring means;
    Calculating a second stress value of the wind turbine based on wind condition information in the wind turbine;
    Comparing the first stress value and the second stress value;
    Based on the comparison result between the first stress value and the second stress value, the fatigue degradation state of the wind turbine is diagnosed
    A windmill operation control method, wherein the windmill operation is controlled based on the fatigue deterioration state.
  13. 　請求項１２に記載の風車の運転制御方法であって、
    　前記第１の応力値は、前記ひずみ計測手段により計測したひずみに基づき算出される実測応力値であることを特徴とする風車の運転制御方法。     A wind turbine operation control method according to claim 12,
    The wind turbine operation control method, wherein the first stress value is an actually measured stress value calculated based on a strain measured by the strain measuring means.
  14. 　請求項１３に記載の風車の運転制御方法であって、
    　前記第２の応力値は、所定の期間蓄積した当該風車の風況情報および実測応力値に基づき予め設定された正常応力変換テーブルを用いて算出される正常応力値であることを特徴とする風車の運転制御方法。     A wind turbine operation control method according to claim 13,
    The second stress value is a normal stress value calculated using a normal stress conversion table set in advance based on wind condition information and actual measurement stress value accumulated for a predetermined period. Operation control method.
  15. 　請求項１２に記載の風車の運転制御方法であって、
    　前記第１の応力値と前記第２の応力値との比較により、前記第２の応力値に対する前記第１の応力値の比である疲労加速係数を算出することを特徴とする風車の運転制御方法。     A wind turbine operation control method according to claim 12,
    An operation control of a wind turbine, wherein a fatigue acceleration coefficient that is a ratio of the first stress value to the second stress value is calculated by comparing the first stress value and the second stress value. Method.
  16. 　請求項１５に記載の風車の運転制御方法であって、
    　前記第２の応力値に基づき前記風車の疲労劣化スケジュールを作成し、
    　前記疲労劣化スケジュール、および前記風車の設計寿命から当該風車の第１の疲労劣化状況を算出し、
    　前記疲労加速係数に基づき前記疲労劣化スケジュールを補正し、
    　前記補正した疲労劣化スケジュール、および前記風車の設計寿命から当該風車の第２の疲労劣化状況を算出し、
    　前記第１の疲労劣化状況と前記第２の疲労劣化状況を比較し、
    　前記第１の疲労劣化状況および前記第２の疲労劣化状況のうち、疲労劣化度の低い方の疲労劣化スケジュールに基づき当該風車の運転を制御する風車の運転制御方法。     The wind turbine operation control method according to claim 15,
    Creating a fatigue degradation schedule for the wind turbine based on the second stress value;
    From the fatigue degradation schedule and the design life of the windmill, a first fatigue degradation situation of the windmill is calculated,
    Correct the fatigue degradation schedule based on the fatigue acceleration factor,
    Calculating a second fatigue deterioration state of the windmill from the corrected fatigue deterioration schedule and the design life of the windmill;
    Comparing the first fatigue degradation situation and the second fatigue degradation situation,
    A wind turbine operation control method for controlling the operation of the wind turbine based on a fatigue degradation schedule having a lower fatigue degradation degree out of the first fatigue degradation situation and the second fatigue degradation situation.
PCT/JP2015/060491 2015-04-02 2015-04-02 Windmill, windmill fatigue deterioration diagnosis method, and windmill operation control method WO2016157503A1 (en)

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