WO2016151810A1 - Output device, output method, program, and recording medium - Google Patents

Output device, output method, program, and recording medium Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016151810A1
WO2016151810A1 PCT/JP2015/059188 JP2015059188W WO2016151810A1 WO 2016151810 A1 WO2016151810 A1 WO 2016151810A1 JP 2015059188 W JP2015059188 W JP 2015059188W WO 2016151810 A1 WO2016151810 A1 WO 2016151810A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
supercharger
data
output
load
main engine
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PCT/JP2015/059188
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
隆志 三島
将史 植松
成洋 柴岡
中谷　博司
智生 大石
正幸 小塚
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日本郵船株式会社
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Application filed by 日本郵船株式会社 filed Critical 日本郵船株式会社
Priority to PCT/JP2015/059188 priority Critical patent/WO2016151810A1/en
Priority to JP2016505349A priority patent/JP6106802B2/en
Publication of WO2016151810A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016151810A1/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B77/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not otherwise provided for
    • F02B77/08—Safety, indicating, or supervising devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M15/00—Testing of engines
    • G01M15/04—Testing internal-combustion engines
    • G01M15/05—Testing internal-combustion engines by combined monitoring of two or more different engine parameters

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the technique for grasping
  • Patent Document 1 calculates the operation operating point of the turbocharger based on the detected value obtained by detecting the operation state of the diesel engine and the turbocharger by a sensor, and the compressor characteristics and the motion operating point based on the design value of the turbocharger. By displaying, it is disclosed to monitor the state of fouling due to aging of the turbocharger.
  • the supercharger intake air temperature, the engine scavenging pressure, the supercharger turbine inlet exhaust gas pressure, the supercharger turbine inlet exhaust gas temperature, and the supercharger turbine outlet based on the detection value of the sensor.
  • the total efficiency of the turbocharger is calculated by calculating using the exhaust gas pressure.
  • an object of the present invention is to make it possible to accurately grasp the aging deterioration of a supercharger even when the data to be referred to is less than in the past.
  • the present invention acquires, for each of a plurality of time points, data on the scavenging pressure of the pressurized gas sent from the supercharger to the main engine, the exhaust temperature of the supercharger, and the load on the main engine.
  • an output device comprising: an acquisition unit configured to output; and an output unit configured to output a change over time of the scavenging pressure and the exhaust temperature according to a load within a predetermined range based on the acquired data.
  • the output means outputs data indicating aging deterioration of the supercharger based on the data during a period in which the scavenging pressure is decreased and the exhaust temperature is increased. Also good.
  • the acquisition unit may further acquire data of a disturbance element that acts on the supercharger, and the output unit may reflect the data of the disturbance element in an output. .
  • the acquisition unit may further acquire fuel consumption data of the main engine, and the output unit may reflect the fuel consumption data in the output.
  • the acquisition unit acquires data relating to the main engine and the supercharger mounted on a ship, and the acquisition unit further acquires weather or sea state data during the navigation of the ship.
  • the said output means is good also as a structure of not reflecting the data acquired when the said weather or the sea state data satisfy
  • the present invention relates to each of a plurality of time points, acquiring the scavenging pressure of the pressurized gas sent from the supercharger to the main engine, the exhaust gas temperature of the supercharger, and the load of the main engine, and acquiring And outputting a change with time of the scavenging pressure and the exhaust temperature according to a load within a predetermined range based on the data.
  • the present invention is a step of acquiring data on the scavenging pressure of the pressurized gas sent from the supercharger to the main engine, the exhaust temperature of the supercharger, and the load on the main engine for each of a plurality of time points. And a program for executing a step of outputting a change with time of the scavenging pressure and the exhaust gas temperature according to a load within a predetermined range based on the acquired data.
  • the present invention is a step of acquiring data on the scavenging pressure of the pressurized gas sent from the supercharger to the main engine, the exhaust temperature of the supercharger, and the load on the main engine for each of a plurality of time points. And a computer-readable recording of a program for executing the step of outputting the scavenging pressure and the exhaust gas temperature over time according to a load within a predetermined range based on the acquired data Recording medium is provided.
  • the scavenging pressure of the pressurized gas sent from the supercharger to the main engine and the change over time of the exhaust temperature of the supercharger according to the load within a predetermined range are output. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to accurately grasp the aging deterioration of the supercharger even when the data to be referred to is smaller than in the past.
  • the schematic diagram of the ship which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention The figure which shows the structure of the supercharger which concerns on the embodiment, and its periphery. 2 is an exemplary block diagram showing the configuration of a computer apparatus according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. The figure which shows the structural example of the table which concerns on the same embodiment. 7 is a flowchart showing processing executed by the computer device according to the embodiment.
  • the graph which shows an example of the time-dependent change of the scavenging pressure of a supercharger, and exhaust temperature.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a ship according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the ship 1 is, for example, a container ship, and includes a hull 100 that is a main body of the ship 1, a power generation unit 200, a computer device 300, and a measurement device 400.
  • the power generation unit 200 is provided in the hull 100 and generates power for rotating a propeller provided on the stern side.
  • the power generation unit 200 of the present embodiment includes a main engine 210 that is an internal combustion engine such as a diesel engine, a supercharger 220 that draws pressurized gas into the main engine 210 and is driven by exhaust gas from the main engine 210, and a main engine 210.
  • a load acquisition unit 230 that acquires data on the load (main machine load).
  • the load of the main engine means a work amount per unit time of the main engine (internal combustion engine).
  • the power generation unit 200 also has a function as a data logger.
  • the computer device 300 is a computer device provided in the hull 100 and disposed in a residential area 310 where sailors are active.
  • the measuring device 400 includes, for example, an anemometer, a barometer, a thermometer, a rain gauge, and a wave height meter, and identifies weather and sea conditions (hereinafter referred to as “meteorological sea conditions”) during the navigation of the ship 1. Measure the data. In addition, the measuring device 400 measures data for specifying information (navigation information) related to the voyage from the departure point of the ship 1 to the destination, such as the average ship speed, the cruising distance, and the fuel consumption.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of the supercharger 220 and its surroundings.
  • the turbine 221 rotates the compressor (compressor) 222 using the energy of the exhaust gas from the main engine 210.
  • the compressor 222 is rotationally driven by the turbine 221, it sucks and pressurizes outside air.
  • the scavenging receiver 223 is arranged immediately before the main unit 210, and when pressurized gas is supplied from the compressor 222, the scavenging receiver 223 temporarily stores the pressurized gas.
  • the scavenging receiver 223 sends the stored pressurized gas into the cylinder of the main unit 210.
  • the main engine 210 burns in the cylinder based on the pressurized gas supplied from the scavenging receiver 223, converts heat energy into kinetic energy, and generates power.
  • the exhaust receiver 224 is disposed immediately after the main unit 210 and temporarily stores the exhaust gas generated by the combustion of the main unit 210.
  • the exhaust receiver 224 sends exhaust gas into the exhaust pipe 225.
  • the exhaust gas is supplied from the exhaust pipe 225 to the turbine 221, drives the turbine 221, and is discarded outside the supercharger 220.
  • the supercharger 220 further includes an outside air temperature sensor 231A disposed in the vicinity of the outside air intake port of the compressor 222 (ie, the inlet of the supercharger 220), and a scavenging pressure sensor 231B disposed in the scavenging receiver 223. , And an exhaust temperature sensor 231C disposed in the exhaust pipe 225.
  • the outside air temperature sensor 231A is a sensor that measures the temperature of outside air (that is, the outside air temperature) sucked by the compressor 222, and outputs data indicating the measurement result of the outside air temperature.
  • the scavenging pressure sensor 231B is a sensor that measures the scavenging pressure of the pressurized gas sent from the supercharger 220 to the main engine 210, and outputs data indicating the scavenging pressure measurement result.
  • the exhaust temperature sensor 231C is a sensor that measures the exhaust temperature of the supercharger 220, and outputs data indicating the measurement result of the exhaust temperature.
  • the scavenging pressure sensor 231 ⁇ / b> B only needs to measure the scavenging pressure of the pressurized gas sent from the supercharger 220 to the main unit 210, and may be disposed in a conduction pipe that connects the scavenging receiver 223 and the main unit 210, for example. .
  • the exhaust temperature sensor 231 ⁇ / b> C only needs to measure the exhaust temperature of the supercharger 220, and may be disposed in the exhaust receiver 224, for example.
  • the load acquisition unit 230 acquires scavenging pressure data of the supercharger 220 as load data of the main unit 210. Since various data (including the scavenging pressure) of the main engine 210 are measured and recorded during the trial operation when the ship 1 is built, the approximate load on the main engine 210 is estimated by comparison with the scavenging pressure during the trial operation. Is possible.
  • the scavenging pressure is an index of the load on the main engine 210. Then, the load acquisition unit 230 outputs the acquired (estimated) load data.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the computer apparatus 300.
  • the computer device 300 functions as an output device that outputs data indicating the deterioration of the supercharger 220 over time.
  • the computer apparatus 300 includes a control unit 301, a storage unit 302, a display unit 303, an input / output unit 304, a communication unit 305, and an operation unit 306.
  • the control unit 301 is a microcomputer having a central processing unit (CPU), a read only memory (ROM), and a random access memory (RAM) as an arithmetic processing unit.
  • the CPU controls each unit of the computer apparatus 300 by reading the program stored in the ROM or the storage unit 302 into the RAM and executing the program.
  • the control unit 301 realizes functions corresponding to the acquisition unit 301A and the output unit 301B.
  • the acquisition unit 301 ⁇ / b> A is a unit that acquires data from the power generation unit 200 and the measurement device 400.
  • the acquisition unit 301A acquires the scavenging pressure of the supercharger 220, the exhaust temperature of the supercharger 220, the outside air temperature, and the load of the main unit 210 for each of a plurality of time points.
  • the acquisition unit 301 ⁇ / b> A acquires data obtained by measuring disturbance elements acting on the supercharger 220 and fuel consumption of the main engine 210.
  • the output unit 301B Based on the data acquired by the acquisition unit 301A, the output unit 301B outputs changes over time in the scavenging pressure and the exhaust temperature according to the load within a predetermined range.
  • the output unit 301 ⁇ / b> B may reflect the disturbance element acting on the supercharger 220 and the fuel consumption data of the main engine 210 in the output.
  • the storage unit 302 is a hard disk device, for example, and stores a program for operating the computer device 300 and a table T.
  • the table T is a table in which scavenging pressure, exhaust temperature, outside air temperature, and date / time data indicating the date / time of measurement or acquisition thereof are stored in association with each other for each load zone of the main engine 210.
  • the load band in the table T indicates each range when the entire range of the load of the main unit 210 is divided into a plurality of stages for each predetermined range (for example, every 10%). For example, when the maximum load value is set to 100% and divided every 10%, each range divided every 10% is set as a load band.
  • the display unit 303 is a liquid crystal display, for example, and displays various types of information.
  • the input / output unit 304 is an interface for inputting / outputting data between the power generation unit 200 and the measurement device 400.
  • the input / output unit 304 receives load data from the load acquisition unit 230, data from the outside air temperature sensor 231 ⁇ / b> A, the scavenging pressure sensor 231 ⁇ / b> B, and the exhaust gas temperature sensor 231 ⁇ / b> C, and measurement data indicating measurement results from the measurement device 400.
  • the communication unit 305 includes, for example, a communication circuit and an antenna for connecting to a network, and communicates with a computer device installed on land via the network.
  • the operation unit 306 includes, for example, a keyboard and a mouse, and receives an operation performed by an operator (here, a sailor).
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating processing executed by the computer apparatus 300.
  • the computer device 300 executes the processing shown in FIG. 5 periodically or in response to an instruction from a sailor.
  • the control unit 301 of the computer device 300 acquires measurement data from the measurement device 400 (step S1).
  • the control unit 301 determines whether to collect data from the power generation unit 200 (step S2).
  • the control unit 301 specifies the weather and sea conditions at the current position based on the measurement data from the measurement device 400.
  • the control unit 301 determines that data is collected from the power generation unit 200 when it is not stormy weather (for example, during fine weather), and determines that data is not collected from the power generation unit 200 during stormy weather.
  • the control unit 301 may acquire data on the weather and sea conditions via the communication unit 305 and specify the weather and sea conditions at the current position.
  • the control unit 301 receives each data from the outside air temperature sensor 231A, the scavenging pressure sensor 231B, and the exhaust temperature sensor 231C via the input / output unit 304. 200 (step S3).
  • the control unit 301 acquires load data of the main unit 210 from the power generation unit 200 via the input / output unit 304 (step S4).
  • the control unit 301 associates each data of the scavenging pressure, the exhaust temperature and the outside air temperature acquired in step S3, and date and time data with a load band including the load indicated by the load data acquired in step S4.
  • Store in the table T step S5). In the table T, for example, data collected every several months or years is stored.
  • the control unit 301 outputs changes over time in the scavenging pressure and the exhaust temperature for each load zone of the main engine 210 based on the table T (step S6).
  • FIG. 6 is a graph showing an example of changes over time in the scavenging pressure and the exhaust temperature of the pressurized gas sent from the supercharger 220 to the main engine 210 in a certain load zone.
  • the horizontal axis represents time
  • the vertical axis represents scavenging pressure or exhaust temperature.
  • FIG. 6 shows the moving average of the scavenging pressure and the exhaust temperature, that is, the average value for each unit period.
  • the change with time of the scavenging pressure and the exhaust temperature is small. That is, when the main engine 210 is in a certain load zone, the scavenging pressure and the exhaust temperature are maintained in a substantially constant state.
  • the degree of aging of the supercharger 220 is small, and it is estimated that the supercharger 220 is operating normally.
  • the scavenging pressure decreases while the exhaust gas temperature increases.
  • the degree of aging of the supercharger 220 is greater than the period I.
  • the energy conversion efficiency of the main engine 210 is deteriorated when the scavenging pressure decreases and the exhaust temperature increases during a certain load zone.
  • the control unit 301 outputs, to the display unit 303, an image that visually represents changes over time in the scavenging pressure and the exhaust temperature, for example, display data for displaying the graph shown in FIG.
  • this display data is data for displaying a graph showing a change in exhaust temperature over time and a graph sharing a time axis with the graph and showing a change in scavenging pressure over time.
  • the sailor who saw the display content of the display unit 303 grasps the degree of deterioration of the supercharger 220 over time, and whether or not maintenance (for example, cleaning or replacement of parts) of the supercharger 220 is necessary or not.
  • the time can be judged. For example, as in the period II, a sailor who confirms that the scavenging pressure is decreasing and the exhaust temperature is increasing determines that maintenance of the supercharger 220 should be performed.
  • the control unit 301 may output data indicating the degree of aging deterioration of the supercharger 220 based on data during a period in which the scavenging pressure has decreased and the exhaust gas temperature has increased.
  • this data there is data (hereinafter referred to as “notification data”) for notifying the degree of deterioration over time.
  • the notification data is data for reporting the degree of aging deterioration of the supercharger 220 by, for example, a method that can be perceived by a human.
  • the notification method there are display on the display unit 303, output of an alarm sound, lighting of a lamp, and the like.
  • the notification data is output, for example, when a condition for performing maintenance of the supercharger 220 is satisfied.
  • the output condition of the notification data will be described.
  • the control unit 301 is based on the condition that the amount of decrease in the scavenging pressure in a predetermined period is equal to or greater than a threshold and the amount of increase in the exhaust temperature in the predetermined period is equal to or greater than the threshold.
  • Notification data is output.
  • the output condition of the notification data may be the same regardless of the type of the ship or the supercharger, or may be set for each type of the ship or the supercharger.
  • the control unit 301 may output notification data when the output condition is satisfied in any one load band, or output the notification data when the output condition is satisfied in two or more load bands. May be.
  • the output destination of the notification data is not limited to the device arranged in the ship 1.
  • the control unit 301 may transmit notification data to a computer device installed on land such as a dock via the communication unit 305.
  • the control unit 301 reflects external temperature data in the output as a disturbance factor.
  • the control unit 301 may use, as a notification data output condition, that the increase amount of the exhaust temperature is larger than the increase amount of the outside air temperature during the period in which the scavenging pressure is decreased.
  • the control unit 301 may correct the exhaust temperature based on the outside air temperature data, and output based on the corrected exhaust temperature.
  • the correction algorithm is not particularly limited. For example, correction is performed by subtracting a value obtained by multiplying the outside air temperature by a predetermined coefficient from the exhaust temperature. Thereby, the influence on the output by the fluctuation
  • control unit 301 may acquire disturbance element data and reflect it in the output of step S6. Further, the method of reflecting the disturbance element data is not limited to the example described here. For example, when outputting the display data described above, the control unit 301 may output display data for displaying a temporal change in the outside air temperature in addition to the scavenging pressure and the exhaust temperature.
  • the control unit 301 may acquire fuel consumption data of the main engine 210 and reflect the fuel consumption in the output. For example, the control unit 301, when the scavenging pressure is decreased and the exhaust gas temperature is increased, when the fuel efficiency is equal to or lower than a predetermined value, the control unit 301 generates data for notifying that the fuel efficiency has decreased due to the supercharger 220. When the fuel consumption becomes a predetermined value or less during other periods, data for notifying that there is a cause other than the supercharger 220 is output.
  • the method of reflecting the fuel consumption data on the output in step S6 is not limited to the example described here. For example, when outputting the display data described above, the control unit 301 may output display data for displaying a change in fuel consumption over time in addition to the scavenging pressure and the exhaust temperature.
  • the computer apparatus 300 outputs changes over time in the scavenging pressure and the exhaust temperature for each load band, it becomes possible to more accurately grasp the aging deterioration of the supercharger 220. .
  • the computer device 300 does not reflect the data at the time of the predetermined weather and sea conditions such as stormy weather in the output. It becomes possible to grasp deterioration more accurately.
  • the present invention may be implemented in a form different from the above-described embodiment. Moreover, you may combine each of the modification shown below.
  • the output in step S6 is not limited to the example described in the above embodiment. Various modifications can be made to the output contents, output destination, and output conditions. For example, when the ship 1 includes a plurality of superchargers 220, the control unit 301 stops the supercharger 220 in which the degree of aging of the supercharger 220 is relatively large, and operates the other superchargers 220. You may output the instruction data which instruct
  • the load data of the present application may be physical quantity data indicating the magnitude of the load of the main engine, and is not limited to the scavenging pressure data described in the above-described embodiment. Further, the load data of the present application is not limited to data measured by the supercharger. As the load data of the present application, for example, data such as a main engine load measured by a shaft horsepower meter, a fuel consumption per unit time, and a rotation speed of a turbocharger turbine can be used.
  • the computer apparatus 300 is configured not to collect data in case of stormy weather. Instead, instead of this, the data is collected for each weather or sea condition classified according to a predetermined rule. Based on output. For example, the computer apparatus 300 may perform output based on collected data for each Beaufort representing a wind class. In this case, the computer apparatus 300 does not reflect the data acquired when the meteorological sea state data satisfies the predetermined condition in the output.
  • the output device of this application is not restricted to the example implement
  • the output device of the present application is not limited to a ship, and can be applied to a main body and a mobile body (for example, a vehicle such as an automobile and other vehicles) provided with a supercharger that sucks pressurized gas into the main machine.
  • Each function realized by the control unit 301 of the computer apparatus 300 according to the above-described embodiment may be realized by one or a plurality of hardware circuits, or may be realized by executing one or a plurality of programs. , Or a combination thereof.
  • the program includes a magnetic recording medium (magnetic tape, magnetic disk (HDD (Hard Disk Drive), FD (Flexible Disk)), etc.), optical recording medium (optical disk). Etc.), may be provided in a state stored in a computer-readable recording medium such as a magneto-optical recording medium or a semiconductor memory, or distributed via a network.
  • a computer-readable recording medium such as a magneto-optical recording medium or a semiconductor memory, or distributed via a network.
  • the present invention can also be grasped as an output method.
  • the invention of the present application is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications are possible within the scope of the invention described in the claims, and it goes without saying that these are also included in the scope of the invention. Absent.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Testing Of Engines (AREA)

Abstract

A ship 1 equipped with a ship hull 100, a main engine 210 which is an internal combustion engine provided in the ship hull 100, a supercharger 220 for taking a pressurized gas into the main engine 210, a scavenging-air pressure sensor for measuring the scavenging-air pressure of the supercharger 220, an exhaust-gas temperature sensor for measuring the exhaust-gas temperature of the supercharger 220, a load acquisition unit 230 for acquiring the load of the main engine 210, and a computer device 300 for acquiring data pertaining to the scavenging-air pressure of the supercharger 220, the exhaust-gas temperature of the supercharger 220, and the load of the main engine 210, at a plurality of points in time, and on the basis of the acquired data, outputting the change over time in the exhaust-gas temperature and the scavenging-air pressure according to the load in a pre-set range. For example, this computer device 300 outputs data indicating the degree to which the supercharger 220 deteriorates over time, on the basis of the measurement results of an interval during which the scavenging-air pressure decreases and the exhaust-gas temperature increases.

Description

出力装置、出力方法、プログラム及び記録媒体OUTPUT DEVICE, OUTPUT METHOD, PROGRAM, AND RECORDING MEDIUM
　本発明は、船舶等に備えられる過給機の機能の変化を把握するための技術に関する。 This invention relates to the technique for grasping | ascertaining the change of the function of the supercharger with which a ship etc. are equipped.
　船舶等に備えられる、主機に加圧気体を吸気する過給機では、その機能が経時的に変化することが知られている。特許文献１は、ディーゼル機関と過給機の運転状態をセンサにより検出した検出値に基づいて、過給機の運転作動点を演算し、過給機の設計値に基づくコンプレッサ特性と運動作動点を表示することで、過給機の経年劣化に伴う汚損等の状態を監視することを開示している。特許文献１に記載の技術では、センサの検出値に基づいて、過給機吸入空気温度、機関掃気圧力、過給機タービン入口排ガス圧力、過給機タービン入口排ガス温度、及び過給機タービン出口排気ガス圧力を用いた演算を行うことにより、過給機総合効率を算出している。 It is known that the function of a supercharger provided in a ship or the like that sucks pressurized gas into a main engine changes with time. Patent Document 1 calculates the operation operating point of the turbocharger based on the detected value obtained by detecting the operation state of the diesel engine and the turbocharger by a sensor, and the compressor characteristics and the motion operating point based on the design value of the turbocharger. By displaying, it is disclosed to monitor the state of fouling due to aging of the turbocharger. In the technique described in Patent Document 1, the supercharger intake air temperature, the engine scavenging pressure, the supercharger turbine inlet exhaust gas pressure, the supercharger turbine inlet exhaust gas temperature, and the supercharger turbine outlet based on the detection value of the sensor. The total efficiency of the turbocharger is calculated by calculating using the exhaust gas pressure.
特開２００３－２６９１８３号公報JP 2003-269183 A
　以上のように、特許文献１に記載の技術では、コンプレッサ特性に基づく処理を行い、更に、前掲した複数のセンサの検出値に基づいて、過給機の運転作動点や過給機総合効率を演算する。このため、特許文献１に記載の技術では、過給機の状態を把握するために参照すべきデータの量が多く、それに伴い演算量も増大する。
　これに対し、本発明の目的は、従来よりも参照すべきデータを少なくした場合であっても、過給機の経年劣化を的確に把握できるようにすることである。 As described above, in the technique described in Patent Document 1, processing based on the compressor characteristics is performed, and further, based on the detection values of the plurality of sensors described above, the operation operating point of the supercharger and the supercharger overall efficiency are determined. Calculate. For this reason, in the technique described in Patent Document 1, the amount of data to be referred to in order to grasp the state of the supercharger is large, and the amount of calculation increases accordingly.
On the other hand, an object of the present invention is to make it possible to accurately grasp the aging deterioration of a supercharger even when the data to be referred to is less than in the past.
　上記目的を達成するため、本発明は、複数の時点の各々に関し、過給機から主機に送り込まれる加圧気体の掃気圧力、前記過給機の排気温度、及び前記主機の負荷のデータを取得する取得手段と、取得された前記データに基づいて、予め定められた範囲内の負荷に応じた前記掃気圧力及び前記排気温度の経時的な変化を出力する出力手段とを備える出力装置を提供する。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention acquires, for each of a plurality of time points, data on the scavenging pressure of the pressurized gas sent from the supercharger to the main engine, the exhaust temperature of the supercharger, and the load on the main engine. There is provided an output device comprising: an acquisition unit configured to output; and an output unit configured to output a change over time of the scavenging pressure and the exhaust temperature according to a load within a predetermined range based on the acquired data. .
　上記の出力装置において、前記出力手段は、前記掃気圧力が下降し、且つ前記排気温度が上昇した期間の前記データに基づいて、前記過給機の経年劣化を示すデータを出力する、という構成としてもよい。 In the above output device, the output means outputs data indicating aging deterioration of the supercharger based on the data during a period in which the scavenging pressure is decreased and the exhaust temperature is increased. Also good.
　また、上記の出力装置において、前記取得手段は、前記過給機に作用する外乱要素のデータを更に取得し、前記出力手段は、前記外乱要素のデータを出力に反映させる、という構成としてもよい。 In the output device, the acquisition unit may further acquire data of a disturbance element that acts on the supercharger, and the output unit may reflect the data of the disturbance element in an output. .
　また、上記の出力装置において、前記取得手段は、前記主機の燃費のデータを更に取得し、前記出力手段は、前記燃費のデータを出力に反映させる、という構成としてもよい。 In the output device, the acquisition unit may further acquire fuel consumption data of the main engine, and the output unit may reflect the fuel consumption data in the output.
　また、上記の出力装置において、前記取得手段は、船舶に搭載された前記主機及び前記過給機に関するデータを取得し、前記取得手段は、前記船舶の航行中における気象又は海象のデータを更に取得し、前記出力手段は、前記気象又は海象のデータが所定の条件を満たすときに取得されたデータを出力に反映させない、という構成としてもよい。 Further, in the above output device, the acquisition unit acquires data relating to the main engine and the supercharger mounted on a ship, and the acquisition unit further acquires weather or sea state data during the navigation of the ship. And the said output means is good also as a structure of not reflecting the data acquired when the said weather or the sea state data satisfy | fills predetermined conditions on an output.
　また、本発明は、複数の時点の各々に関し、過給機から主機に送り込まれる加圧気体の掃気圧力、前記過給機の排気温度、及び前記主機の負荷のデータを取得するステップと、取得した前記データに基づいて、予め定められた範囲内の負荷に応じた前記掃気圧力及び前記排気温度の経時的な変化を出力するステップとを備える出力方法を提供する。 In addition, the present invention relates to each of a plurality of time points, acquiring the scavenging pressure of the pressurized gas sent from the supercharger to the main engine, the exhaust gas temperature of the supercharger, and the load of the main engine, and acquiring And outputting a change with time of the scavenging pressure and the exhaust temperature according to a load within a predetermined range based on the data.
　また、本発明は、コンピュータに、複数の時点の各々に関し、過給機から主機に送り込まれる加圧気体の掃気圧力、前記過給機の排気温度、及び前記主機の負荷のデータを取得するステップと、取得した前記データに基づいて、予め定められた範囲内の負荷に応じた前記掃気圧力及び前記排気温度の経時的な変化を出力するステップとを実行させるためのプログラムを提供する。 Further, the present invention is a step of acquiring data on the scavenging pressure of the pressurized gas sent from the supercharger to the main engine, the exhaust temperature of the supercharger, and the load on the main engine for each of a plurality of time points. And a program for executing a step of outputting a change with time of the scavenging pressure and the exhaust gas temperature according to a load within a predetermined range based on the acquired data.
　また、本発明は、コンピュータに、複数の時点の各々に関し、過給機から主機に送り込まれる加圧気体の掃気圧力、前記過給機の排気温度、及び前記主機の負荷のデータを取得するステップと、取得した前記データに基づいて、予め定められた範囲内の負荷に応じた前記掃気圧力及び前記排気温度の経時的な変化を出力するステップとを実行させるためのプログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体を提供する。 Further, the present invention is a step of acquiring data on the scavenging pressure of the pressurized gas sent from the supercharger to the main engine, the exhaust temperature of the supercharger, and the load on the main engine for each of a plurality of time points. And a computer-readable recording of a program for executing the step of outputting the scavenging pressure and the exhaust gas temperature over time according to a load within a predetermined range based on the acquired data Recording medium is provided.
　本発明によれば、予め定められた範囲内の負荷に応じた、過給機から主機に送り込まれる加圧気体の掃気圧力、及び過給機の排気温度の経時的な変化を出力する。従って、本発明によれば、従来よりも参照すべきデータを少なくした場合であっても、過給機の経年劣化を的確に把握できる。 According to the present invention, the scavenging pressure of the pressurized gas sent from the supercharger to the main engine and the change over time of the exhaust temperature of the supercharger according to the load within a predetermined range are output. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to accurately grasp the aging deterioration of the supercharger even when the data to be referred to is smaller than in the past.
本発明の一実施形態に係る船舶の模式図。The schematic diagram of the ship which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 同実施形態に係る過給機及びその周辺の構成を示す図。The figure which shows the structure of the supercharger which concerns on the embodiment, and its periphery. 同実施形態に係るコンピュータ装置の構成を示すブロック図。2 is an exemplary block diagram showing the configuration of a computer apparatus according to the embodiment. FIG. 同実施形態に係るテーブルの構成例を示す図。The figure which shows the structural example of the table which concerns on the same embodiment. 同実施形態に係るコンピュータ装置が実行する処理を示すフローチャート。7 is a flowchart showing processing executed by the computer device according to the embodiment. 過給機の掃気圧力及び排気温度の経時的な変化の一例を示すグラフ。The graph which shows an example of the time-dependent change of the scavenging pressure of a supercharger, and exhaust temperature.
　以下、本発明の実施の形態について図面を参照しつつ説明する。以下の説明で参照する各図において、各部材、各領域等を認識可能な大きさとするために、実際とは縮尺を異ならせている場合がある。
　図１は、本発明の一実施形態に係る船舶の模式図を示す。
　船舶１は、例えばコンテナ船で、船舶１の本体である船体１００と、動力発生部２００と、コンピュータ装置３００と、計測装置４００とを備える。動力発生部２００は、船体１００に設けられ、船尾側に設けられたプロペラを回転させるための動力を発生させる。本実施形態の動力発生部２００は、ディーゼル機関等の内燃機関である主機２１０と、主機２１０に加圧気体を吸入するとともに、主機２１０の排気ガスにより駆動される過給機２２０と、主機２１０の負荷のデータ（主機負荷）を取得する負荷取得部２３０とを備える。本願において主機の負荷とは、主機（内燃機関）の単位時間当たりの仕事量を意味する。動力発生部２００は、データロガーとしての機能も有している。コンピュータ装置３００は、船体１００に設けられた、船員が活動するための居住区３１０に配置されたコンピュータ装置である。計測装置４００は、例えば、風向風速計、気圧計、温度計、雨量計及び波高計を備え、船舶１の航行中における気象及び海象の条件（以下「気象海象条件」という。）を特定するためのデータを計測する。また、計測装置４００は、平均船速、航行距離及び燃料消費量等の、船舶１の出発地から目的地までの航海に関する情報（航行情報）を特定するためのデータを計測する。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In each of the drawings referred to in the following description, the scale may be different from the actual size so that each member, each region, and the like can be recognized.
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a ship according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The ship 1 is, for example, a container ship, and includes a hull 100 that is a main body of the ship 1, a power generation unit 200, a computer device 300, and a measurement device 400. The power generation unit 200 is provided in the hull 100 and generates power for rotating a propeller provided on the stern side. The power generation unit 200 of the present embodiment includes a main engine 210 that is an internal combustion engine such as a diesel engine, a supercharger 220 that draws pressurized gas into the main engine 210 and is driven by exhaust gas from the main engine 210, and a main engine 210. A load acquisition unit 230 that acquires data on the load (main machine load). In the present application, the load of the main engine means a work amount per unit time of the main engine (internal combustion engine). The power generation unit 200 also has a function as a data logger. The computer device 300 is a computer device provided in the hull 100 and disposed in a residential area 310 where sailors are active. The measuring device 400 includes, for example, an anemometer, a barometer, a thermometer, a rain gauge, and a wave height meter, and identifies weather and sea conditions (hereinafter referred to as “meteorological sea conditions”) during the navigation of the ship 1. Measure the data. In addition, the measuring device 400 measures data for specifying information (navigation information) related to the voyage from the departure point of the ship 1 to the destination, such as the average ship speed, the cruising distance, and the fuel consumption.
　図２は、過給機２２０及びその周辺の構成を示す図である。以下、図２を参照して過給機２２０の構成を説明する。
　タービン２２１は、主機２１０からの排気ガスのエネルギーを利用して、コンプレッサ（圧縮機）２２２を回転駆動させる。コンプレッサ２２２は、タービン２２１によって回転駆動されると、外気を吸い込んで加圧する。掃気レシーバ２２３は、主機２１０の直前に配置され、コンプレッサ２２２から加圧気体が供給されると、その加圧気体を一時的に貯留する。掃気レシーバ２２３は、貯留した加圧気体を主機２１０のシリンダ内に送り込む。主機２１０は、掃気レシーバ２２３から供給された加圧気体に基づいてシリンダ内で燃焼させ、熱エネルギーを運動エネルギーに変換して動力を発生させる。排気レシーバ２２４は、主機２１０の直後に配置され、主機２１０の燃焼によって生成された排気ガスを一時的に貯留する。排気レシーバ２２４は、排気ガスを排気管２２５に送り込む。この排気ガスは、排気管２２５からタービン２２１に供給され、タービン２２１を駆動させた後、過給機２２０外へ廃棄される。 FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of the supercharger 220 and its surroundings. Hereinafter, the configuration of the supercharger 220 will be described with reference to FIG.
The turbine 221 rotates the compressor (compressor) 222 using the energy of the exhaust gas from the main engine 210. When the compressor 222 is rotationally driven by the turbine 221, it sucks and pressurizes outside air. The scavenging receiver 223 is arranged immediately before the main unit 210, and when pressurized gas is supplied from the compressor 222, the scavenging receiver 223 temporarily stores the pressurized gas. The scavenging receiver 223 sends the stored pressurized gas into the cylinder of the main unit 210. The main engine 210 burns in the cylinder based on the pressurized gas supplied from the scavenging receiver 223, converts heat energy into kinetic energy, and generates power. The exhaust receiver 224 is disposed immediately after the main unit 210 and temporarily stores the exhaust gas generated by the combustion of the main unit 210. The exhaust receiver 224 sends exhaust gas into the exhaust pipe 225. The exhaust gas is supplied from the exhaust pipe 225 to the turbine 221, drives the turbine 221, and is discarded outside the supercharger 220.
　過給機２２０は、更に、コンプレッサ２２２の外気の吸い込み口（即ち、過給機２２０の入り口）の付近に配置された外気温センサ２３１Ａと、掃気レシーバ２２３内に配置された掃気圧力センサ２３１Ｂと、排気管２２５内に配置された排気温度センサ２３１Ｃとを備える。外気温センサ２３１Ａは、コンプレッサ２２２が吸い込む外気の温度（即ち外気温）を計測するセンサで、外気温の計測結果を示すデータを出力する。掃気圧力センサ２３１Ｂは、過給機２２０から主機２１０に送り込まれる加圧気体の掃気圧力を計測するセンサで、掃気圧力の計測結果を示すデータを出力する。排気温度センサ２３１Ｃは、過給機２２０の排気温度を計測するセンサで、排気温度の計測結果を示すデータを出力する。
　なお、掃気圧力センサ２３１Ｂは、過給機２２０から主機２１０に送り込まれる加圧気体の掃気圧力を計測すればよく、例えば、掃気レシーバ２２３と主機２１０とを接続する導通管内に配置されてもよい。また、排気温度センサ２３１Ｃは、過給機２２０の排気温度を計測すればよく、例えば、排気レシーバ２２４内に配置されてもよい。負荷取得部２３０は、例えば、過給機２２０の掃気圧力のデータを主機２１０の負荷のデータとして取得する。船舶１が建造された際の試運転時において、主機２１０の各種データ（掃気圧力を含む。）を計測、記録してあるため、試運転時の掃気圧力と比較しておおよその主機２１０の負荷を推定することが可能である。掃気圧力は、主機２１０の負荷の大小の指標となる。そして、負荷取得部２３０は、取得（推定）した負荷のデータを出力する。 The supercharger 220 further includes an outside air temperature sensor 231A disposed in the vicinity of the outside air intake port of the compressor 222 (ie, the inlet of the supercharger 220), and a scavenging pressure sensor 231B disposed in the scavenging receiver 223. , And an exhaust temperature sensor 231C disposed in the exhaust pipe 225. The outside air temperature sensor 231A is a sensor that measures the temperature of outside air (that is, the outside air temperature) sucked by the compressor 222, and outputs data indicating the measurement result of the outside air temperature. The scavenging pressure sensor 231B is a sensor that measures the scavenging pressure of the pressurized gas sent from the supercharger 220 to the main engine 210, and outputs data indicating the scavenging pressure measurement result. The exhaust temperature sensor 231C is a sensor that measures the exhaust temperature of the supercharger 220, and outputs data indicating the measurement result of the exhaust temperature.
The scavenging pressure sensor 231 </ b> B only needs to measure the scavenging pressure of the pressurized gas sent from the supercharger 220 to the main unit 210, and may be disposed in a conduction pipe that connects the scavenging receiver 223 and the main unit 210, for example. . The exhaust temperature sensor 231 </ b> C only needs to measure the exhaust temperature of the supercharger 220, and may be disposed in the exhaust receiver 224, for example. For example, the load acquisition unit 230 acquires scavenging pressure data of the supercharger 220 as load data of the main unit 210. Since various data (including the scavenging pressure) of the main engine 210 are measured and recorded during the trial operation when the ship 1 is built, the approximate load on the main engine 210 is estimated by comparison with the scavenging pressure during the trial operation. Is possible. The scavenging pressure is an index of the load on the main engine 210. Then, the load acquisition unit 230 outputs the acquired (estimated) load data.
　図３は、コンピュータ装置３００の構成を示すブロック図である。
　コンピュータ装置３００は、過給機２２０の経年劣化を示すデータを出力する出力装置として機能する。コンピュータ装置３００は、制御部３０１と、記憶部３０２と、表示部３０３と、入出力部３０４と、通信部３０５と、操作部３０６とを備える。制御部３０１は、演算処理装置としてのＣＰＵ（Central Processing Unit）、ＲＯＭ(Read Only Memory)及びＲＡＭ（Random Access Memory）を有するマイクロコンピュータである。ＣＰＵは、ＲＯＭ又は記憶部３０２に記憶されたプログラムをＲＡＭに読み出して実行することにより、コンピュータ装置３００の各部を制御する。制御部３０１は、取得手段３０１Ａと、出力手段３０１Ｂとに相当する機能を実現する。取得手段３０１Ａは、動力発生部２００及び計測装置４００からデータを取得する手段である。例えば、取得手段３０１Ａは、複数の時点の各々に関し、過給機２２０の掃気圧力、過給機２２０の排気温度、外気温、及び主機２１０の負荷のデータを取得する。また、取得手段３０１Ａは、過給機２２０に作用する外乱要素や主機２１０の燃費を計測したデータを取得する。出力手段３０１Ｂは、取得手段３０１Ａにより取得されたデ－タに基づいて、予め定められた範囲内の負荷に応じた掃気圧力及び排気温度の経時的な変化を出力する。出力手段３０１Ｂは、過給機２２０に作用する外乱要素や主機２１０の燃費のデータを出力に反映させる場合もある。 FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the computer apparatus 300.
The computer device 300 functions as an output device that outputs data indicating the deterioration of the supercharger 220 over time. The computer apparatus 300 includes a control unit 301, a storage unit 302, a display unit 303, an input / output unit 304, a communication unit 305, and an operation unit 306. The control unit 301 is a microcomputer having a central processing unit (CPU), a read only memory (ROM), and a random access memory (RAM) as an arithmetic processing unit. The CPU controls each unit of the computer apparatus 300 by reading the program stored in the ROM or the storage unit 302 into the RAM and executing the program. The control unit 301 realizes functions corresponding to the acquisition unit 301A and the output unit 301B. The acquisition unit 301 </ b> A is a unit that acquires data from the power generation unit 200 and the measurement device 400. For example, the acquisition unit 301A acquires the scavenging pressure of the supercharger 220, the exhaust temperature of the supercharger 220, the outside air temperature, and the load of the main unit 210 for each of a plurality of time points. Further, the acquisition unit 301 </ b> A acquires data obtained by measuring disturbance elements acting on the supercharger 220 and fuel consumption of the main engine 210. Based on the data acquired by the acquisition unit 301A, the output unit 301B outputs changes over time in the scavenging pressure and the exhaust temperature according to the load within a predetermined range. The output unit 301 </ b> B may reflect the disturbance element acting on the supercharger 220 and the fuel consumption data of the main engine 210 in the output.
　記憶部３０２は、例えばハードディスク装置で、コンピュータ装置３００を動作させるためのプログラム、及びテーブルＴを記憶する。図４に示すように、テーブルＴは、主機２１０の負荷帯毎に、掃気圧力、排気温度、外気温、及びこれらの計測又は取得の日時を示す日時データが関連付けて格納されるテーブルである。テーブルＴにおける負荷帯は、主機２１０の負荷の全体の範囲を予め定められた範囲毎（例えば、１０％毎）に複数段階に区分した場合の各範囲を示す。例えば、負荷の最大値を１００％として１０％毎に区切った場合、１０％毎に区切った各範囲を負荷帯とする。表示部３０３は、例えば液晶ディスプレイであり、各種の情報を表示する。入出力部３０４は、動力発生部２００及び計測装置４００との間でデータの入出力を行うためのインタフェースである。入出力部３０４は、負荷取得部２３０からの負荷のデータ、外気温センサ２３１Ａ、掃気圧力センサ２３１Ｂ及び排気温度センサ２３１Ｃからのデータ、並びに、計測装置４００からの計測結果を示す計測データが入力される。通信部３０５は、例えば、ネットワークに接続するための通信回路及びアンテナを備え、陸上に設置されたコンピュータ装置とネットワーク経由で通信する。操作部３０６は、例えばキーボード及びマウスを備え、操作者（ここでは船員）が行った操作を受け付ける。 The storage unit 302 is a hard disk device, for example, and stores a program for operating the computer device 300 and a table T. As shown in FIG. 4, the table T is a table in which scavenging pressure, exhaust temperature, outside air temperature, and date / time data indicating the date / time of measurement or acquisition thereof are stored in association with each other for each load zone of the main engine 210. The load band in the table T indicates each range when the entire range of the load of the main unit 210 is divided into a plurality of stages for each predetermined range (for example, every 10%). For example, when the maximum load value is set to 100% and divided every 10%, each range divided every 10% is set as a load band. The display unit 303 is a liquid crystal display, for example, and displays various types of information. The input / output unit 304 is an interface for inputting / outputting data between the power generation unit 200 and the measurement device 400. The input / output unit 304 receives load data from the load acquisition unit 230, data from the outside air temperature sensor 231 </ b> A, the scavenging pressure sensor 231 </ b> B, and the exhaust gas temperature sensor 231 </ b> C, and measurement data indicating measurement results from the measurement device 400. The The communication unit 305 includes, for example, a communication circuit and an antenna for connecting to a network, and communicates with a computer device installed on land via the network. The operation unit 306 includes, for example, a keyboard and a mouse, and receives an operation performed by an operator (here, a sailor).
　図５は、コンピュータ装置３００が実行する処理を示すフローチャートである。コンピュータ装置３００は、例えば、図５に示す処理を定期的に、又は船員からの指示に応じて実行する。
　コンピュータ装置３００の制御部３０１は、まず、計測装置４００から計測データを取得する（ステップＳ１）。次に、制御部３０１は、動力発生部２００からデータを採取するか否かを判定する（ステップＳ２）。制御部３０１は、現在位置での気象海象条件を、計測装置４００からの計測データに基づいて特定する。そして、制御部３０１は、荒天でないとき（例えば晴天時）には、動力発生部２００からデータを採取すると判定し、荒天時には、動力発生部２００からデータを採取しないと判定する。計測データを使用する方法以外に、制御部３０１は、通信部３０５を介して気象海象条件のデータを取得して、現在位置での気象海象条件を特定してもよい。 FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating processing executed by the computer apparatus 300. For example, the computer device 300 executes the processing shown in FIG. 5 periodically or in response to an instruction from a sailor.
First, the control unit 301 of the computer device 300 acquires measurement data from the measurement device 400 (step S1). Next, the control unit 301 determines whether to collect data from the power generation unit 200 (step S2). The control unit 301 specifies the weather and sea conditions at the current position based on the measurement data from the measurement device 400. The control unit 301 determines that data is collected from the power generation unit 200 when it is not stormy weather (for example, during fine weather), and determines that data is not collected from the power generation unit 200 during stormy weather. In addition to the method of using the measurement data, the control unit 301 may acquire data on the weather and sea conditions via the communication unit 305 and specify the weather and sea conditions at the current position.
　データを採取すると判定した場合（ステップＳ２；ＹＥＳ）、制御部３０１は、外気温センサ２３１Ａ、掃気圧力センサ２３１Ｂ及び排気温度センサ２３１Ｃからの各データを、入出力部３０４を介して、動力発生部２００から取得する（ステップＳ３）。次に、制御部３０１は、主機２１０の負荷のデータを、入出力部３０４を介して、動力発生部２００から取得する（ステップＳ４）。次に、制御部３０１は、ステップＳ３で取得した掃気圧力、排気温度及び外気温の各データ、並びに日時データを、ステップＳ４で取得した負荷のデータが示す負荷を含む負荷帯と対応付けて、テーブルＴに格納する（ステップＳ５）。テーブルＴには、例えば、数ヶ月又は年単位で収集されたデータが格納される。次に、制御部３０１は、テーブルＴに基づいて、主機２１０の負荷帯毎に、掃気圧力及び排気温度の経時的な変化を出力する（ステップＳ６）。 When it is determined that data is to be collected (step S2; YES), the control unit 301 receives each data from the outside air temperature sensor 231A, the scavenging pressure sensor 231B, and the exhaust temperature sensor 231C via the input / output unit 304. 200 (step S3). Next, the control unit 301 acquires load data of the main unit 210 from the power generation unit 200 via the input / output unit 304 (step S4). Next, the control unit 301 associates each data of the scavenging pressure, the exhaust temperature and the outside air temperature acquired in step S3, and date and time data with a load band including the load indicated by the load data acquired in step S4. Store in the table T (step S5). In the table T, for example, data collected every several months or years is stored. Next, the control unit 301 outputs changes over time in the scavenging pressure and the exhaust temperature for each load zone of the main engine 210 based on the table T (step S6).
　図６は、或る負荷帯のときの、過給機２２０から主機２１０に送り込まれる加圧気体の掃気圧力及び排気温度の経時的な変化の一例を示すグラフである。図６のグラフにおいて、横軸が時刻を表し、縦軸が掃気圧力又は排気温度を表す。図６には、掃気圧力及び排気温度の移動平均、即ち、単位期間毎の平均値が示されている。
　図６に示す期間Iでは、掃気圧力及び排気温度の経時的な変化が小さい。即ち、主機２１０が或る負荷帯のときに、掃気圧力及び排気温度が概ね一定の状態に維持されている。この場合、過給機２２０の経年劣化の程度は小さく、過給機２２０は正常に動作していると推定される。他方、図６に示す期間IIでは、掃気圧力が下降する一方で、排気温度が上昇している。この場合、過給機２２０の経年劣化の程度が、期間Iよりも大きいと推定される。その理由のひとつとして、或る負荷帯のときに、掃気圧力が低下し排気温度が上昇している場合には、主機２１０のエネルギーの変換効率が悪化しているからである。過給機２２０の機能の経年劣化の原因の一例として、タービン２２１におけるカバーリングの内周の摩耗や、ブレード先端の摩耗、ノズルリングのスケールの堆積がある。 FIG. 6 is a graph showing an example of changes over time in the scavenging pressure and the exhaust temperature of the pressurized gas sent from the supercharger 220 to the main engine 210 in a certain load zone. In the graph of FIG. 6, the horizontal axis represents time, and the vertical axis represents scavenging pressure or exhaust temperature. FIG. 6 shows the moving average of the scavenging pressure and the exhaust temperature, that is, the average value for each unit period.
In the period I shown in FIG. 6, the change with time of the scavenging pressure and the exhaust temperature is small. That is, when the main engine 210 is in a certain load zone, the scavenging pressure and the exhaust temperature are maintained in a substantially constant state. In this case, the degree of aging of the supercharger 220 is small, and it is estimated that the supercharger 220 is operating normally. On the other hand, in the period II shown in FIG. 6, the scavenging pressure decreases while the exhaust gas temperature increases. In this case, it is estimated that the degree of aging of the supercharger 220 is greater than the period I. One reason for this is that the energy conversion efficiency of the main engine 210 is deteriorated when the scavenging pressure decreases and the exhaust temperature increases during a certain load zone. As an example of the cause of aging deterioration of the function of the supercharger 220, there is wear of the inner periphery of the cover ring in the turbine 221, wear of the blade tip, and accumulation of the scale of the nozzle ring.
　次に、ステップＳ６における出力例を説明する。
　制御部３０１は、掃気圧力及び排気温度の経時的な変化を視覚的に表した画像、例えば、図６に示すグラフを表示するための表示データを、表示部３０３に出力する。即ち、この表示データは、排気温度の経時的な変化を示すグラフと、当該グラフと時間軸を共有し、掃気圧力の経時的な変化を示すグラフとを表示するためのデータである。この場合、表示部３０３の表示内容を見た船員は、過給機２２０の経年劣化の程度を把握し、過給機２２０のメンテナンス（例えば、清掃や部品交換）の実施の要否や、実施の時期を判断することができる。例えば、期間IIのように、掃気圧力が下降し、且つ排気温度が上昇していることを確認した船員は、過給機２２０のメンテナンスを実施すべきと判断する。 Next, an output example in step S6 will be described.
The control unit 301 outputs, to the display unit 303, an image that visually represents changes over time in the scavenging pressure and the exhaust temperature, for example, display data for displaying the graph shown in FIG. In other words, this display data is data for displaying a graph showing a change in exhaust temperature over time and a graph sharing a time axis with the graph and showing a change in scavenging pressure over time. In this case, the sailor who saw the display content of the display unit 303 grasps the degree of deterioration of the supercharger 220 over time, and whether or not maintenance (for example, cleaning or replacement of parts) of the supercharger 220 is necessary or not. The time can be judged. For example, as in the period II, a sailor who confirms that the scavenging pressure is decreasing and the exhaust temperature is increasing determines that maintenance of the supercharger 220 should be performed.
　別の出力例として、制御部３０１は、掃気圧力が下降し、且つ排気温度が上昇した期間のデータに基づいて、過給機２２０の経年劣化の程度を示すデータを出力してもよい。このデータとして、経年劣化の程度を報知するためのデータ（以下「報知データ」という。）がある。報知データは、例えば人間が知覚可能な方法で、過給機２２０の経年劣化の程度を報知するためのデータである。報知の方法の一例として、表示部３０３への表示や、警報音の出力、ランプの点灯等がある。報知データは、例えば、過給機２２０のメンテナンスを実施すべき条件を満たした場合に出力される。 As another output example, the control unit 301 may output data indicating the degree of aging deterioration of the supercharger 220 based on data during a period in which the scavenging pressure has decreased and the exhaust gas temperature has increased. As this data, there is data (hereinafter referred to as “notification data”) for notifying the degree of deterioration over time. The notification data is data for reporting the degree of aging deterioration of the supercharger 220 by, for example, a method that can be perceived by a human. As an example of the notification method, there are display on the display unit 303, output of an alarm sound, lighting of a lamp, and the like. The notification data is output, for example, when a condition for performing maintenance of the supercharger 220 is satisfied.
　報知データの出力条件について説明すると、制御部３０１は、例えば、所定期間において掃気圧力の下降した量が閾値以上で、且つ当該所定期間において排気温度の上昇した量が閾値以上となったことを条件として、報知データを出力する。報知データの出力条件は、船舶や過給機の種類に問わず同じでもよいし、船舶や過給機の種類毎に設定されていてもよい。また、制御部３０１は、いずれか１の負荷帯で出力条件を満たした場合に、報知データを出力してもよいし、２以上の負荷帯で出力条件を満たした場合に、報知データを出力してもよい。
　なお、報知データの出力先は、船舶１に配置された装置に限られない。制御部３０１は、例えば、通信部３０５を介して、ドック等の陸上に設置されたコンピュータ装置に報知データを送信してもよい。 The output condition of the notification data will be described. For example, the control unit 301 is based on the condition that the amount of decrease in the scavenging pressure in a predetermined period is equal to or greater than a threshold and the amount of increase in the exhaust temperature in the predetermined period is equal to or greater than the threshold. Notification data is output. The output condition of the notification data may be the same regardless of the type of the ship or the supercharger, or may be set for each type of the ship or the supercharger. In addition, the control unit 301 may output notification data when the output condition is satisfied in any one load band, or output the notification data when the output condition is satisfied in two or more load bands. May be.
Note that the output destination of the notification data is not limited to the device arranged in the ship 1. For example, the control unit 301 may transmit notification data to a computer device installed on land such as a dock via the communication unit 305.
　更に別の出力例として、以下で説明する出力例もある。
　過給機２２０が正常に動作する場合であっても、掃気圧力が下降した期間に外気温が上昇した場合は、排気温度が上昇する可能性がある。反対に、過給機２２０に経年劣化の影響が現れた場合であっても、掃気圧力が下降した期間に外気温が下降した場合に、排気温度が上昇しない可能性がある。このように、掃気圧力及び排気温度の経時的な変化は、外乱による影響を受けることがある。そこで、制御部３０１は、過給機２２０に作用する外乱要素のデータを出力に反映させてもよい。 As another output example, there is an output example described below.
Even when the supercharger 220 operates normally, if the outside air temperature rises during the period in which the scavenging pressure has fallen, the exhaust gas temperature may rise. On the other hand, even if the aging deterioration appears in the supercharger 220, the exhaust temperature may not rise when the outside air temperature falls during the period in which the scavenging pressure is lowered. Thus, changes over time in scavenging pressure and exhaust temperature may be affected by disturbances. Therefore, the control unit 301 may reflect data of disturbance elements acting on the supercharger 220 in the output.
　例えば、制御部３０１は、外乱要素として、外気温のデータを出力に反映させる。前述した報知データを出力する場合は、制御部３０１は、掃気圧力が下降した期間において、排気温度の上昇量が外気温の上昇量よりも大きいことを、報知データの出力条件としてもよい。
　また、制御部３０１は、排気温度を外気温のデータに基づいて補正し、補正後の排気温度に基づいた出力をしてもよい。この補正のアルゴリズムは特に問わないが、例えば、排気温度から、外気温に所定の係数を乗じた値を減じる補正が行われる。これにより、外気温を原因とした排気温度の変動による出力への影響が軽減される。
　外気温以外にも、制御部３０１は、外乱要素のデータを取得して、ステップＳ６の出力に反映させてもよい。また、外乱要素のデータの反映方法は、ここで説明した例に限られない。例えば、制御部３０１は、前述した表示データを出力する場合には、掃気圧力及び排気温度に加え、外気温の経時的な変化を表示するための表示データを出力してもよい。 For example, the control unit 301 reflects external temperature data in the output as a disturbance factor. When outputting the notification data described above, the control unit 301 may use, as a notification data output condition, that the increase amount of the exhaust temperature is larger than the increase amount of the outside air temperature during the period in which the scavenging pressure is decreased.
Further, the control unit 301 may correct the exhaust temperature based on the outside air temperature data, and output based on the corrected exhaust temperature. The correction algorithm is not particularly limited. For example, correction is performed by subtracting a value obtained by multiplying the outside air temperature by a predetermined coefficient from the exhaust temperature. Thereby, the influence on the output by the fluctuation | variation of the exhaust temperature resulting from external temperature is reduced.
In addition to the outside air temperature, the control unit 301 may acquire disturbance element data and reflect it in the output of step S6. Further, the method of reflecting the disturbance element data is not limited to the example described here. For example, when outputting the display data described above, the control unit 301 may output display data for displaying a temporal change in the outside air temperature in addition to the scavenging pressure and the exhaust temperature.
　更に別の出力例として、制御部３０１は、主機２１０の燃費のデータを取得して、当該燃費を出力に反映させてもよい。例えば、制御部３０１は、掃気圧力が下降し、且つ排気温度が上昇した期間に、燃費が所定値以下になった場合は、過給機２２０を原因として燃費が低下したことを報知するデータを出力し、他の期間に燃費が所定値以下になった場合は、過給機２２０以外に原因があることを報知するデータを出力する。
　ステップＳ６の出力への燃費のデータの反映方法は、ここで説明した例に限られない。例えば、制御部３０１は、前述した表示データを出力する場合に、掃気圧力及び排気温度に加え、燃費の経時的な変化を表示するための表示データを出力してもよい。 As yet another output example, the control unit 301 may acquire fuel consumption data of the main engine 210 and reflect the fuel consumption in the output. For example, the control unit 301, when the scavenging pressure is decreased and the exhaust gas temperature is increased, when the fuel efficiency is equal to or lower than a predetermined value, the control unit 301 generates data for notifying that the fuel efficiency has decreased due to the supercharger 220. When the fuel consumption becomes a predetermined value or less during other periods, data for notifying that there is a cause other than the supercharger 220 is output.
The method of reflecting the fuel consumption data on the output in step S6 is not limited to the example described here. For example, when outputting the display data described above, the control unit 301 may output display data for displaying a change in fuel consumption over time in addition to the scavenging pressure and the exhaust temperature.
　以上説明した実施形態によれば、過給機２２０から主機２１０に送り込まれる加圧気体の掃気圧力及び排気温度のデータに基づいて、従来よりも参照すべきデータを少なくした場合であっても、過給機２２０の経年劣化を的確に把握できる。
　船舶１の運転状態によって主機２１０の負荷は変化し、この負荷の変化によって掃気圧力及び排気温度は変化し得る。この場合であっても、コンピュータ装置３００は、負荷帯毎に、掃気圧力及び排気温度の経時的な変化を出力するので、過給機２２０の経年劣化をより的確に把握することが可能となる。また、気象海象条件によっても、掃気圧力及び排気温度が変化し得るが、コンピュータ装置３００は、荒天時等の所定の気象海象条件のときのデータを出力に反映させないので、過給機２２０の経年劣化をより的確に把握することが可能となる。 According to the embodiment described above, based on the data of the scavenging pressure and the exhaust gas temperature of the pressurized gas sent from the supercharger 220 to the main engine 210, even if the data to be referred to is less than in the past, The deterioration over time of the supercharger 220 can be accurately grasped.
The load on the main engine 210 changes depending on the operating state of the ship 1, and the scavenging pressure and the exhaust temperature can change due to the change in the load. Even in this case, since the computer apparatus 300 outputs changes over time in the scavenging pressure and the exhaust temperature for each load band, it becomes possible to more accurately grasp the aging deterioration of the supercharger 220. . Further, although the scavenging pressure and the exhaust temperature may change depending on the weather and sea conditions, the computer device 300 does not reflect the data at the time of the predetermined weather and sea conditions such as stormy weather in the output. It becomes possible to grasp deterioration more accurately.
　本発明は、上述した実施形態と異なる形態で実施してもよい。また、以下に示す変形例は、各々を組み合わせてもよい。
（１）ステップＳ６における出力は、上述した実施形態で説明した例に限られない。出力の内容や出力先、出力条件については、種々の変形が可能である。例えば、船舶１が過給機２２０を複数備える場合、制御部３０１は、過給機２２０の経年劣化の程度が相対的に大きい過給機２２０を停止させ、それ以外の過給機２２０を動作させることを指示する指示データを、動力発生部２００に出力してもよい。 The present invention may be implemented in a form different from the above-described embodiment. Moreover, you may combine each of the modification shown below.
(1) The output in step S6 is not limited to the example described in the above embodiment. Various modifications can be made to the output contents, output destination, and output conditions. For example, when the ship 1 includes a plurality of superchargers 220, the control unit 301 stops the supercharger 220 in which the degree of aging of the supercharger 220 is relatively large, and operates the other superchargers 220. You may output the instruction data which instruct | indicates to carry out to the motive power generation part 200. FIG.
（２）本願の負荷のデータは、主機の負荷の大小を示す物理量のデータであればよく、上述した実施形態で説明した掃気圧力のデータに限られない。また、本願の負荷データは、過給機で計測されるデータに限られない。本願の負荷のデータとして、例えば、軸馬力計により計測される主機負荷や、単位時間当たりの燃料消費量、過給機のタービンの回転速度等のデータを使用することも可能である。 (2) The load data of the present application may be physical quantity data indicating the magnitude of the load of the main engine, and is not limited to the scavenging pressure data described in the above-described embodiment. Further, the load data of the present application is not limited to data measured by the supercharger. As the load data of the present application, for example, data such as a main engine load measured by a shaft horsepower meter, a fuel consumption per unit time, and a rotation speed of a turbocharger turbine can be used.
（３）上述した実施形態では、コンピュータ装置３００は、荒天時のデータを採取しないようにしていたが、これに代えて、所定の規則に従って分類した気象又は海象の条件毎に、採取したデータに基づく出力をしてもよい。例えは、コンピュータ装置３００は、風力の階級を表すビューフォート毎に、採取したデータに基づく出力をしてもよい。この場合、コンピュータ装置３００は、気象海象データが所定の条件を満たすときに取得されたデータを出力に反映させないことになる。 (3) In the above-described embodiment, the computer apparatus 300 is configured not to collect data in case of stormy weather. Instead, instead of this, the data is collected for each weather or sea condition classified according to a predetermined rule. Based on output. For example, the computer apparatus 300 may perform output based on collected data for each Beaufort representing a wind class. In this case, the computer apparatus 300 does not reflect the data acquired when the meteorological sea state data satisfies the predetermined condition in the output.
（４）上述した実施形態で説明した構成及び動作の一部が省略されてもよい。例えば、コンピュータ装置３００において、外乱要素又は燃費のデータを出力に反映させるための構成が省かれてもよい。また、コンピュータ装置３００において、気象海象条件を判定するための構成が省かれてもよい。
　また、図５のフローチャートを参照して説明したコンピュータ装置３００が行う処理の順番が変更されてもよい。 (4) Some of the configurations and operations described in the above-described embodiments may be omitted. For example, in the computer apparatus 300, a configuration for reflecting disturbance factors or fuel consumption data in the output may be omitted. Moreover, in the computer apparatus 300, the structure for determining a weather sea state condition may be omitted.
Further, the order of processing performed by the computer apparatus 300 described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 5 may be changed.
（５）本願の出力装置は、船舶に備えたコンピュータ装置により実現される例に限られず、例えば、陸上に設置されたコンピュータ装置により実現されてもよい。
　本願の出力装置は、船舶に限られず、主機及びこの主機に加圧気体を吸気する過給機を備えた移動体（例えば、自動車等の車両やその他の乗り物）に適用することができる。
　上述した実施形態のコンピュータ装置３００の制御部３０１が実現する各機能は、１又は複数のハードウェア回路により実現されてもよいし、１又は複数のプログラムを実行することにより実現されてもよいし、これらの組み合わせにより実現されてもよい。制御部３０１の機能がプログラムを用いて実現される場合、このプログラムは、磁気記録媒体（磁気テープ、磁気ディスク（ＨＤＤ（Hard Disk Drive）、ＦＤ（Flexible Disk））等）、光記録媒体（光ディスク等）、光磁気記録媒体、半導体メモリ等のコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体に記憶した状態で提供されてもよいし、ネットワークを介して配信されてもよい。また、本発明は、出力方法として把握することも可能である。
　本願の発明は、上述した実施形態に限定されることなく、請求の範囲に記載した発明の範囲内で種々の変形が可能であり、それらも本発明の範囲内に含まれることはいうまでもない。 (5) The output device of this application is not restricted to the example implement | achieved by the computer apparatus with which the ship was equipped, For example, you may implement | achieve by the computer apparatus installed on the land.
The output device of the present application is not limited to a ship, and can be applied to a main body and a mobile body (for example, a vehicle such as an automobile and other vehicles) provided with a supercharger that sucks pressurized gas into the main machine.
Each function realized by the control unit 301 of the computer apparatus 300 according to the above-described embodiment may be realized by one or a plurality of hardware circuits, or may be realized by executing one or a plurality of programs. , Or a combination thereof. When the function of the control unit 301 is realized using a program, the program includes a magnetic recording medium (magnetic tape, magnetic disk (HDD (Hard Disk Drive), FD (Flexible Disk)), etc.), optical recording medium (optical disk). Etc.), may be provided in a state stored in a computer-readable recording medium such as a magneto-optical recording medium or a semiconductor memory, or distributed via a network. The present invention can also be grasped as an output method.
The invention of the present application is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications are possible within the scope of the invention described in the claims, and it goes without saying that these are also included in the scope of the invention. Absent.
１…船舶、１００…船体、２００…動力発生部、２１０…主機、２２０…過給機、２２１…タービン、２２２…コンプレッサ、２２３…掃気レシーバ、２２４…排気レシーバ、２２５…排気管、２３０…負荷取得部、２３１Ａ…外気温センサ、２３１Ｂ…掃気圧力センサ、２３１Ｃ…排気温度センサ、３００…コンピュータ装置、３０１…制御部、３０１Ａ…取得手段、３０１Ｂ…出力手段、３０２…記憶部、３０３…表示部、３０４…入出力部、３０５…通信部、３０６…操作部、４００…計測装置。 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Ship, 100 ... Hull, 200 ... Power generation part, 210 ... Main engine, 220 ... Supercharger, 221 ... Turbine, 222 ... Compressor, 223 ... Scavenging receiver, 224 ... Exhaust receiver, 225 ... Exhaust pipe, 230 ... Load Acquisition unit, 231A ... outside temperature sensor, 231B ... scavenging pressure sensor, 231C ... exhaust temperature sensor, 300 ... computer device, 301 ... control unit, 301A ... acquisition means, 301B ... output means, 302 ... storage unit, 303 ... display unit , 304 ... input / output unit, 305 ... communication unit, 306 ... operation unit, 400 ... measuring device.

Claims (8)

  1. 　複数の時点の各々に関し、過給機から主機に送り込まれる加圧気体の掃気圧力、前記過給機の排気温度、及び前記主機の負荷のデータを取得する取得手段と、
    　取得された前記データに基づいて、予め定められた範囲内の負荷に応じた前記掃気圧力及び前記排気温度の経時的な変化を出力する出力手段と
    　を備える出力装置。     For each of a plurality of time points, acquisition means for acquiring scavenging pressure of pressurized gas sent from the supercharger to the main engine, exhaust gas temperature of the supercharger, and load of the main engine,
    An output device comprising: an output unit that outputs a change with time of the scavenging pressure and the exhaust gas temperature according to a load within a predetermined range based on the acquired data.
  2. 　前記出力手段は、
    　前記掃気圧力が下降し、且つ前記排気温度が上昇した期間の前記データに基づいて、前記過給機の経年劣化を示すデータを出力する
    　ことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の出力装置。     The output means includes
    2. The output device according to claim 1, wherein data indicating aged deterioration of the supercharger is output based on the data during a period in which the scavenging pressure is decreased and the exhaust temperature is increased.
  3. 　前記取得手段は、
    　前記過給機に作用する外乱要素のデータを更に取得し、
    　前記出力手段は、
    　前記外乱要素のデータを出力に反映させる
    　ことを特徴とする請求項１又は請求項２に記載の出力装置。     The acquisition means includes
    Further acquiring disturbance element data acting on the supercharger,
    The output means includes
    The output device according to claim 1, wherein data of the disturbance element is reflected in an output.
  4. 　前記取得手段は、
    　前記主機の燃費のデータを更に取得し、
    　前記出力手段は、
    　前記燃費のデータを出力に反映させる
    　ことを特徴とする請求項１から請求項３のいずれか１項に記載の出力装置。     The acquisition means includes
    Further acquiring fuel consumption data of the main engine,
    The output means includes
    The output device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fuel consumption data is reflected in an output.
  5. 　前記取得手段は、
    　船舶に搭載された前記主機及び前記過給機に関するデータを取得し、
    　前記取得手段は、
    　前記船舶の航行中における気象又は海象のデータを更に取得し、
    　前記出力手段は、
    　前記気象又は海象のデータが所定の条件を満たすときに取得されたデータを出力に反映させない
    　ことを特徴とする請求項１から請求項４のいずれか１項に記載の出力装置。     The acquisition means includes
    Obtain data on the main engine and the turbocharger mounted on the ship,
    The acquisition means includes
    Further acquiring weather or sea data during navigation of the ship,
    The output means includes
    The output device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the data acquired when the weather or sea state data satisfies a predetermined condition is not reflected in the output.
  6. 　複数の時点の各々に関し、過給機から主機に送り込まれる加圧気体の掃気圧力、前記過給機の排気温度、及び前記主機の負荷のデータを取得するステップと、
    　取得した前記データに基づいて、予め定められた範囲内の負荷に応じた前記掃気圧力及び前記排気温度の経時的な変化を出力するステップと
    　を備える出力方法。     For each of a plurality of time points, obtaining the scavenging pressure of the pressurized gas sent from the supercharger to the main engine, the exhaust gas temperature of the supercharger, and the load of the main engine;
    An output method comprising: outputting a change over time of the scavenging pressure and the exhaust temperature according to a load within a predetermined range based on the acquired data.
  7. 　コンピュータに、
    　複数の時点の各々に関し、過給機から主機に送り込まれる加圧気体の掃気圧力、前記過給機の排気温度、及び前記主機の負荷のデータを取得するステップと、
    　取得した前記データに基づいて、予め定められた範囲内の負荷に応じた前記掃気圧力及び前記排気温度の経時的な変化を出力するステップと
    　を実行させるためのプログラム。     On the computer,
    For each of a plurality of time points, obtaining the scavenging pressure of the pressurized gas sent from the supercharger to the main engine, the exhaust gas temperature of the supercharger, and the load of the main engine;
    A program for executing, based on the acquired data, a step of outputting a change with time of the scavenging pressure and the exhaust temperature according to a load within a predetermined range.
  8. 　コンピュータに、
    　複数の時点の各々に関し、過給機から主機に送り込まれる加圧気体の掃気圧力、前記過給機の排気温度、及び前記主機の負荷のデータを取得するステップと、
    　取得した前記データに基づいて、予め定められた範囲内の負荷に応じた前記掃気圧力及び前記排気温度の経時的な変化を出力するステップと
    　を実行させるためのプログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体。     On the computer,
    For each of a plurality of time points, obtaining the scavenging pressure of the pressurized gas sent from the supercharger to the main engine, the exhaust gas temperature of the supercharger, and the load of the main engine;
    Based on the acquired data, a computer-readable record recording a program for executing the step of outputting a change over time of the scavenging pressure and the exhaust temperature according to a load within a predetermined range Medium.
PCT/JP2015/059188 2015-03-25 2015-03-25 Output device, output method, program, and recording medium WO2016151810A1 (en)

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