WO2016150094A1 - Method, device, and storage medium for channel estimation - Google Patents

Method, device, and storage medium for channel estimation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016150094A1
WO2016150094A1 PCT/CN2015/088036 CN2015088036W WO2016150094A1 WO 2016150094 A1 WO2016150094 A1 WO 2016150094A1 CN 2015088036 W CN2015088036 W CN 2015088036W WO 2016150094 A1 WO2016150094 A1 WO 2016150094A1
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channel estimation
estimation result
signal
noise ratio
pilot
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PCT/CN2015/088036
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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吴昊
刘源
王凯
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Priority to EP15886023.9A priority Critical patent/EP3273654A4/en
Priority to JP2017549401A priority patent/JP6507260B2/en
Publication of WO2016150094A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016150094A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
    • H04L25/022—Channel estimation of frequency response
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
    • H04L25/0224—Channel estimation using sounding signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
    • H04L25/0224—Channel estimation using sounding signals
    • H04L25/0228—Channel estimation using sounding signals with direct estimation from sounding signals
    • H04L25/023—Channel estimation using sounding signals with direct estimation from sounding signals with extension to other symbols
    • H04L25/0232—Channel estimation using sounding signals with direct estimation from sounding signals with extension to other symbols by interpolation between sounding signals
    • H04L25/0234—Channel estimation using sounding signals with direct estimation from sounding signals with extension to other symbols by interpolation between sounding signals by non-linear interpolation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
    • H04L25/024—Channel estimation channel estimation algorithms
    • H04L25/025—Channel estimation channel estimation algorithms using least-mean-square [LMS] method
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
    • H04L25/0224—Channel estimation using sounding signals
    • H04L25/0228—Channel estimation using sounding signals with direct estimation from sounding signals
    • H04L25/023—Channel estimation using sounding signals with direct estimation from sounding signals with extension to other symbols
    • H04L25/0232—Channel estimation using sounding signals with direct estimation from sounding signals with extension to other symbols by interpolation between sounding signals

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a channel estimation method and apparatus, and a storage medium for an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system.
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
  • OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
  • MS Mobile Station
  • BS Base Station
  • Commonly used channel estimation methods include LS (Least Squares) channel estimation algorithm and time-frequency domain conversion channel estimation algorithm.
  • the LS channel estimation algorithm is simple to implement, but the estimation accuracy is not high, and it is susceptible to Gaussian noise, especially in signal-to-noise ratio.
  • the time-frequency domain switching channel estimation algorithm transforms the frequency domain channel response into the time domain for filtering, and then transforms to the frequency domain after the filtering is completed, and the time-frequency domain switching channel estimation algorithm transforms the frequency domain channel response into the time domain.
  • the performance of channel estimation can be improved by the method of frequency domain channel response tail zero padding, but the method of tail zero padding is more serious in the case of high signal to noise ratio.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a channel estimation method and apparatus, and a storage medium, to solve the problem that the existing channel estimation method has poor performance at a low SNR or a high SNR.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a channel estimation method.
  • the method includes: receiving a pilot signal; and expanding, according to a signal to noise ratio of the pilot signal, a first LS channel estimation result of the pilot position, generating Second LS channel estimation result.
  • the extending the first LS channel estimation result according to the signal to noise ratio of the pilot signal in the foregoing embodiment includes: calculating a signal to noise ratio of the pilot signal, and comparing the signal to noise ratio with the preset value according to the size, according to The comparison result determines an extension manner of the first LS channel estimation result, and the first LS channel estimation result is expanded according to the determined expansion mode.
  • the method for determining the first LS channel estimation result according to the comparison result in the foregoing embodiment includes: when the SNR is less than the preset value, expanding the first LS channel estimation result by using the tail zero padding manner; When the signal-to-noise ratio is greater than the preset value, the first LS channel estimation result is extended by a linear connection manner.
  • the first LS channel estimation result in the foregoing embodiment is:
  • the obtained second LS channel estimation result is:
  • the obtained second LS channel estimation result is:
  • Y(k,l) is the received signal at the pilot position
  • X(k,l) is the local pilot sequence
  • X * (k,l) is the conjugate transpose of X(k,l)
  • k is Carrier index
  • l is the symbol index
  • N FFT is the number of points of FFT/IFFT
  • L is the length of the LS pilot channel estimation sequence.
  • the foregoing embodiment further includes: performing noise reduction processing on the second LS channel estimation result.
  • the embodiment of the present invention also provides a channel estimation apparatus.
  • the method includes: a receiving module configured to receive a pilot signal; and a processing module configured to: according to a signal to noise ratio of the pilot signal, a pilot position
  • the first LS channel estimation result is expanded to generate a second LS channel estimation result.
  • the processing module in the foregoing embodiment is further configured to calculate a signal to noise ratio of the pilot signal, compare the signal to noise ratio with a preset value, and determine an extension manner of the first LS channel estimation result according to the comparison result.
  • the first LS channel estimation result is extended according to the determined expansion mode.
  • the processing module in the foregoing embodiment is further configured to: when the signal to noise ratio is less than the preset value, use the tail zero padding method to extend the first LS channel estimation result; when the signal to noise ratio is greater than the preset value, The first LS channel estimation result is extended by a linear connection method.
  • the first LS channel estimation result in the foregoing embodiment is:
  • the processing module expands the first LS channel estimation result by using the tail zero padding method, the obtained second LS channel estimation result is:
  • the processing module expands the first LS channel estimation result by using a linear connection manner
  • the obtained second LS channel estimation result is:
  • Y(k,l) is the received signal at the pilot position
  • X(k,l) is the local pilot sequence
  • X * (k,l) is the conjugate transpose of X(k,l)
  • k is Carrier index
  • l is the symbol index
  • N FFT is the number of points of FFT/IFFT
  • L is the length of the LS pilot channel estimation sequence.
  • the foregoing embodiment further includes a noise reduction module configured to perform noise reduction processing on the second LS channel estimation result.
  • the channel estimation method and apparatus and the storage medium provided by the embodiments of the present invention extend the first LS channel estimation result of the pilot position according to the signal to noise ratio of the pilot signal, and generate a second LS channel estimation result, which implements the existing
  • the extension of the channel estimation algorithm makes it possible to perform different extensions on the existing LS channel estimation algorithm according to different signal-to-noise ratios, and has high performance at low SNR and high SNR, and solves the existing channel estimation.
  • the method has poor performance at low signal-to-noise ratio or high signal-to-noise ratio.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a channel estimation apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a channel estimation method according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a channel estimation method according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • a channel estimation apparatus 1 is a schematic diagram of a channel estimation apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, in the embodiment, a channel estimation apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
  • the receiving module 11 is configured to receive a pilot signal
  • the processing module 12 is configured to expand a first LS channel estimation result of the pilot position according to a signal to noise ratio of the pilot signal to generate a second LS channel estimation result.
  • the processing module 12 in the foregoing embodiment is further configured to calculate a signal to noise ratio of the pilot signal, compare the signal to noise ratio with a preset value, and determine a first LS channel estimation result according to the comparison result. In an extended manner, the first LS channel estimation result is extended according to the determined expansion mode.
  • the processing module 12 in the foregoing embodiment is further configured to: when the signal to noise ratio is less than a preset value, use a tail zero padding manner to extend the first LS channel estimation result; when the signal to noise ratio is greater than a preset In the case of the value, the first LS channel estimation result is extended by a linear connection manner.
  • the first LS channel estimation result in the above embodiment is:
  • the processing module 12 expands the first LS channel estimation result by using the tail zero padding method, the obtained second LS channel estimation result is:
  • the processing module 12 expands the first LS channel estimation result by using a linear connection manner, the obtained second LS channel estimation result is:
  • Y(k,l) is the received signal at the pilot position
  • X(k,l) is the local pilot sequence
  • X * (k,l) is the conjugate transpose of X(k,l)
  • k is Carrier index
  • l is the symbol index
  • N FFT is the number of points of FFT/IFFT
  • L is the length of the LS pilot channel estimation sequence.
  • the foregoing embodiment further includes a noise reduction module 13 configured to perform noise reduction processing on the second LS channel estimation result.
  • the noise reduction module 13 in the foregoing embodiment is further configured to perform noise reduction processing on the second LS channel estimation result by using a time-frequency domain transform algorithm.
  • the noise reduction module 13 in the above embodiment is further configured to perform the second LS channel estimation result by the IFFT transform. Transform to the time domain to get the time domain channel response
  • the h NOISE positioned interval N front ⁇ n ⁇ N FFT -N back is zeroed -1 (n, l), where h NOISE (n, l) to the interval 0 ⁇ n ⁇ N front -1 and N FFT - N back ⁇ n ⁇ N FFT -1 when the data is less than m ⁇ 2 , the corresponding data is set to zero, generating h(n, l);
  • the time domain channel response h(n, l) after time domain filtering is transformed into the frequency domain by FFT transform to obtain a frequency domain channel response H(k, l); wherein N Front represents the length of the front window, and N back represents the length of the back window. , N FFT is the number of points of FFT/IFFT, and m is determined according to the signal modulation mode.
  • the receiving module 11, the processing module 12, and the noise reduction module 13 can be centrally processed by a central processing unit (CPU), or digital signal processing (DSP), or field programmable.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • DSP digital signal processing
  • FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
  • the CPU, the DSP, and the FPGA may be built in the channel estimation apparatus 1.
  • the channel estimation method provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
  • S202 Expand a first LS channel estimation result of the pilot position according to a signal to noise ratio of the pilot signal, to generate a second LS channel estimation result.
  • the first LS signal according to the signal to noise ratio of the pilot signal in the above embodiment is extended by: calculating a signal to noise ratio of the pilot signal, comparing the signal to noise ratio with a preset value, and determining an extension manner of the first LS channel estimation result according to the comparison result, and performing the first according to the determined expansion mode.
  • the LS channel estimation result is extended.
  • the method for determining the first LS channel estimation result according to the comparison result in the foregoing embodiment includes: when the signal to noise ratio is less than a preset value, expanding the first LS channel estimation result by using a tail zero padding manner. When the signal-to-noise ratio is greater than the preset value, the first LS channel estimation result is extended by a linear connection manner.
  • the first LS channel estimation result in the above embodiment is:
  • the obtained second LS channel estimation result is:
  • the obtained second LS channel estimation result is:
  • Y(k,l) is the received signal at the pilot position
  • X(k,l) is the local pilot sequence
  • X * (k,l) is the conjugate transpose of X(k,l)
  • k is Carrier index
  • l is the symbol index
  • N FFT is the number of points of FFT/IFFT
  • L is the length of the LS pilot channel estimation sequence.
  • the foregoing embodiment further includes: performing noise reduction processing on the second LS channel estimation result.
  • performing noise reduction processing on the second LS channel estimation result in the foregoing embodiment includes: performing noise reduction processing on the second LS channel estimation result by using a time-frequency domain transform algorithm.
  • the performing noise reduction processing on the second LS channel estimation result by using the time-frequency domain transform algorithm in the foregoing embodiment includes: performing the second LS channel estimation result by using the IFFT transform. Transform to the time domain, get the time domain channel response h NOISE (n, l), 0 ⁇ n ⁇ N FFT -1;
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a computer readable storage medium, the storage medium comprising a set of instructions for performing the channel estimation method shown in FIG. 2 above.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a channel estimation method according to a third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, in the embodiment, the channel estimation method provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
  • the base station receives and calculates a signal to noise ratio (SINR) according to the pilot signal.
  • SINR signal to noise ratio
  • the base station can calculate the SINR using the filtered pilot signal energy and noise energy.
  • the base station performs LS channel estimation on the pilot position, and obtains a first LS channel estimation result.
  • the base station performs LS channel estimation on the pilot position, assuming that Y(k, l) is the received signal at the pilot position, X(k, l) is a known local pilot sequence, and X * (k, l) is X (The conjugate transpose of k, l), k is the carrier index, l is the symbol index, and the first LS channel estimation result of the pilot position is as follows:
  • H LS (k,l) Y(k,l)X * (k,l).
  • the first LS channel estimation result is extended by using a trailing zero-padding method, and the extended second LS channel estimation result is as follows:
  • the first LS channel estimation result is extended by a linear convergence method, and the extended second LS channel estimation result is as follows:
  • Y(k,l) is the received signal at the pilot position
  • X(k,l) is the local pilot sequence
  • X * (k,l) is the conjugate transpose of X(k,l)
  • k is Carrier index
  • l is the symbol index
  • N FFT is the number of points of FFT/IFFT
  • L is the length of the LS pilot channel estimation sequence.
  • the preset value SINR Threshold can be determined according to actual needs, and the setting is flexible.
  • S304 Perform noise reduction on the second LS channel estimation result by using a time-frequency domain transform method.
  • the base station will extend the frequency domain channel response after the IFFT transform. Transforming into the time domain, the time domain channel response h NOISE (n, l), 0 ⁇ n ⁇ N FFT -1 is obtained, and noise reduction is performed in the time domain.
  • N Front L CP ⁇ front denotes the length of the front window
  • N back L CP ⁇ back denotes the length of the back window.
  • the CP is related to the mode of the CP, which is 144 for the regular CP and 512 for the extended CP.
  • the ⁇ back and ⁇ front are determined according to the following Table 1:
  • the noise reduction process is specifically as follows:
  • the number of carriers is greater than 72 The number of carriers is less than 72 QPSK 5 0 16QAM 5 0 64QAM 0 0
  • the time domain channel response h(n, l) after the time domain filtering is transformed into the frequency domain by FFT transform, and the frequency domain channel response H(k, l) is obtained.
  • the first LS channel estimation result of the pilot position is extended according to the signal to noise ratio of the pilot signal, and the second LS channel estimation result is generated, thereby realizing the extension of the existing channel estimation algorithm, so that different signal to noise ratios can be
  • the existing LS channel estimation algorithm performs different extensions, and has high performance at low SNR and high SNR, which solves the poor performance of existing channel estimation methods at low SNR or high SNR. The problem.
  • embodiments of the present invention can be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention can take the form of a hardware embodiment, a software embodiment, or a combination of software and hardware. Moreover, the present invention may employ computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disks) in one or more of the computer-usable program code embodied therein. A form of computer program product embodied on a memory and optical storage, etc.).
  • the computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising the instruction device.
  • the apparatus implements the functions specified in one or more blocks of a flow or a flow and/or block diagram of the flowchart.
  • These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device such that a series of operational steps are performed on a computer or other programmable device to produce computer-implemented processing for execution on a computer or other programmable device.
  • the instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more of the flow or in a block or blocks of a flow diagram.
  • the first LS channel estimation result of the pilot position is extended according to the signal to noise ratio of the pilot signal, and the second LS channel estimation result is generated, and the existing channel estimation algorithm is implemented.
  • the extension makes it possible to perform different extensions on the existing LS channel estimation algorithm according to different signal-to-noise ratios, and has high performance in low SNR and high SNR, and solves the problem that the existing channel estimation method is low. Poor performance when noise ratio or high signal to noise ratio.

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Abstract

Provided in embodiments of the present invention are a method, device, and storage medium for channel estimation. The method comprises: receiving a pilot channel; and, extending a first LS channel estimation result of a pilot position on the basis of the signal-to-noise ratio of the pilot signal to produce a second LS channel estimation result. By means of implementing the present invention, in which the first LS channel estimation result of the pilot position is extended on the basis of the signal-to-noise ratio of the pilot signal to produce the second LS channel estimation result, implemented is extension of an existing channel estimation algorithm, thus allowing different extensions to be executed with respect to the existing LS channel estimation algorithm on the basis of different signal-to-noise ratios, providing increased performance both when the signal-to-noise ratio is low and when the signal-to-noise ratio is high, and solving the problem of poor performance of an existing channel estimation method either when the signal-to-noise ratio is low or when the signal-to-noise ratio is high.

Description

一种信道估计方法及装置、存储介质Channel estimation method and device, storage medium 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种用于正交频分复用***的信道估计方法及装置、存储介质。The present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a channel estimation method and apparatus, and a storage medium for an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system.
背景技术Background technique
长期演进LTE(LTE，Long Term Evolution)是由第三代合作伙伴计划(3GPP，The 3rd Generation Partnership Project)组织制定的通用移动通信***(UMTS，Universal Mobile Telecommunications System)技术标准的长期演进结果。正交频分复用***(OFDM，Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing)作为一种具有较高的频谱利用效率和良好的抗多径性能的高速传输技术引起了广泛的关注，MS(Mobile Station)可以向BS(Base Station)发送导频信号，使得BS能够知道MS到BS的信道响应，BS可以使用信道响应进行波束赋形、均衡计算、信道测量等操作。Long Term Evolution (LTE) is a long-term evolution result of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) technical standard developed by the 3GPP (The 3rd Generation Partnership Project). Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) has attracted wide attention as a high-speed transmission technology with high spectrum utilization efficiency and good multipath resistance. MS (Mobile Station) can be used to BS. (Base Station) transmits a pilot signal so that the BS can know the channel response of the MS to the BS, and the BS can perform operations such as beamforming, equalization calculation, channel measurement, and the like using the channel response.
常用的信道估计方法主要有LS(Least Squares)信道估计算法、时频域转换信道估计算法等；LS信道估计算法实现简单，但是估计精度不高，容易受到高斯噪声影响，特别是在信噪比较低情况下；时频域转换信道估计算法将频域信道响应变换到时域进行滤波，滤波完成之后再变换到频域，时频域转换信道估计算法在频域信道响应变换到时域的时候，可以通过频域信道响应尾部补零的方法来提高信道估计的性能，但是尾部补零的方法在高信噪比情况下性能恶化比较严重。Commonly used channel estimation methods include LS (Least Squares) channel estimation algorithm and time-frequency domain conversion channel estimation algorithm. The LS channel estimation algorithm is simple to implement, but the estimation accuracy is not high, and it is susceptible to Gaussian noise, especially in signal-to-noise ratio. In the lower case, the time-frequency domain switching channel estimation algorithm transforms the frequency domain channel response into the time domain for filtering, and then transforms to the frequency domain after the filtering is completed, and the time-frequency domain switching channel estimation algorithm transforms the frequency domain channel response into the time domain. At the same time, the performance of channel estimation can be improved by the method of frequency domain channel response tail zero padding, but the method of tail zero padding is more serious in the case of high signal to noise ratio.
因此，如何提供一种可在低信噪比及高信噪比时都具备较高性能的信道估计方法，是本领域技术人员亟待解决的技术问题。 Therefore, how to provide a channel estimation method capable of high performance in both low signal-to-noise ratio and high signal-to-noise ratio is a technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明实施例提供了一种信道估计方法及装置、存储介质，以解决现有信道估计方法在低信噪比或高信噪比时性能较差的问题。Embodiments of the present invention provide a channel estimation method and apparatus, and a storage medium, to solve the problem that the existing channel estimation method has poor performance at a low SNR or a high SNR.
本发明实施例提供了一种信道估计方法在一个实施例中，该方法包括：接收导频信号；根据导频信号的信噪比，对导频位置的第一LS信道估计结果进行扩展，生成第二LS信道估计结果。An embodiment of the present invention provides a channel estimation method. In an embodiment, the method includes: receiving a pilot signal; and expanding, according to a signal to noise ratio of the pilot signal, a first LS channel estimation result of the pilot position, generating Second LS channel estimation result.
上述方案中，上述实施例中的根据导频信号的信噪比对第一LS信道估计结果进行扩展包括：计算导频信号的信噪比，将信噪比与预设值进行大小比较，根据比较结果确定第一LS信道估计结果的扩展方式，根据确定的扩张方式对第一LS信道估计结果进行扩展。In the above solution, the extending the first LS channel estimation result according to the signal to noise ratio of the pilot signal in the foregoing embodiment includes: calculating a signal to noise ratio of the pilot signal, and comparing the signal to noise ratio with the preset value according to the size, according to The comparison result determines an extension manner of the first LS channel estimation result, and the first LS channel estimation result is expanded according to the determined expansion mode.
上述方案中，上述实施例中的根据比较结果确定第一LS信道估计结果的扩展方式包括：当信噪比小于预设值时，采用尾部补零方式对第一LS信道估计结果进行扩展；当信噪比大于预设值时，采用线性衔接方式对第一LS信道估计结果进行扩展。In the foregoing solution, the method for determining the first LS channel estimation result according to the comparison result in the foregoing embodiment includes: when the SNR is less than the preset value, expanding the first LS channel estimation result by using the tail zero padding manner; When the signal-to-noise ratio is greater than the preset value, the first LS channel estimation result is extended by a linear connection manner.
上述方案中，上述实施例中的第一LS信道估计结果为：In the foregoing solution, the first LS channel estimation result in the foregoing embodiment is:
HLS(k,l)＝Y(k,l)X*(k,l)；H LS (k,l)=Y(k,l)X * (k,l);
采用尾部补零方式对第一LS信道估计结果进行扩展时，得到的第二LS信道估计结果为：When the first LS channel estimation result is extended by the tail zero padding method, the obtained second LS channel estimation result is:
Figure PCTCN2015088036-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2015088036-appb-000001
采用线性衔接方式对第一LS信道估计结果进行扩展时，得到的第二LS信道估计结果为：When the first LS channel estimation result is extended by using the linear connection manner, the obtained second LS channel estimation result is:
Figure PCTCN2015088036-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2015088036-appb-000002
其中，Y(k,l)为导频位置的接收信号，X(k,l)为本地导频序列，X*(k,l)为 X(k,l)的共轭转置，k为载波索引，l为符号索引，NFFT为FFT/IFFT的点数，L为LS导频信道估计序列长度。Where Y(k,l) is the received signal at the pilot position, X(k,l) is the local pilot sequence, X * (k,l) is the conjugate transpose of X(k,l), k is Carrier index, l is the symbol index, N FFT is the number of points of FFT/IFFT, and L is the length of the LS pilot channel estimation sequence.
上述方案中，上述实施例在获取到第二LS信道估计结果之后，还包括：对第二LS信道估计结果进行降噪处理。In the above solution, after obtaining the second LS channel estimation result, the foregoing embodiment further includes: performing noise reduction processing on the second LS channel estimation result.
本发明实施例也提供了一种信道估计装置，在一个实施例中，其包括：接收模块，配置为接收导频信号；处理模块，配置为根据导频信号的信噪比，对导频位置的第一LS信道估计结果进行扩展，生成第二LS信道估计结果。The embodiment of the present invention also provides a channel estimation apparatus. In an embodiment, the method includes: a receiving module configured to receive a pilot signal; and a processing module configured to: according to a signal to noise ratio of the pilot signal, a pilot position The first LS channel estimation result is expanded to generate a second LS channel estimation result.
上述方案中，上述实施例中的处理模块，还配置为计算导频信号的信噪比，将信噪比与预设值进行大小比较，根据比较结果确定第一LS信道估计结果的扩展方式，根据确定的扩张方式对第一LS信道估计结果进行扩展。In the above solution, the processing module in the foregoing embodiment is further configured to calculate a signal to noise ratio of the pilot signal, compare the signal to noise ratio with a preset value, and determine an extension manner of the first LS channel estimation result according to the comparison result. The first LS channel estimation result is extended according to the determined expansion mode.
上述方案中，上述实施例中的处理模块，还配置为当信噪比小于预设值时，采用尾部补零方式对第一LS信道估计结果进行扩展；当信噪比大于预设值时，采用线性衔接方式对第一LS信道估计结果进行扩展。In the above solution, the processing module in the foregoing embodiment is further configured to: when the signal to noise ratio is less than the preset value, use the tail zero padding method to extend the first LS channel estimation result; when the signal to noise ratio is greater than the preset value, The first LS channel estimation result is extended by a linear connection method.
上述方案中，上述实施例中的第一LS信道估计结果为：In the foregoing solution, the first LS channel estimation result in the foregoing embodiment is:
HLS(k,l)＝Y(k,l)X*(k,l)；H LS (k,l)=Y(k,l)X * (k,l);
处理模块采用尾部补零方式对第一LS信道估计结果进行扩展时，得到的第二LS信道估计结果为：
Figure PCTCN2015088036-appb-000003
 When the processing module expands the first LS channel estimation result by using the tail zero padding method, the obtained second LS channel estimation result is:
Figure PCTCN2015088036-appb-000003
处理模块采用线性衔接方式对第一LS信道估计结果进行扩展时，得到的第二LS信道估计结果为：When the processing module expands the first LS channel estimation result by using a linear connection manner, the obtained second LS channel estimation result is:
Figure PCTCN2015088036-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2015088036-appb-000004
其中，Y(k,l)为导频位置的接收信号，X(k,l)为本地导频序列，X*(k,l)为 X(k,l)的共轭转置，k为载波索引，l为符号索引，NFFT为FFT/IFFT的点数，L为LS导频信道估计序列长度。Where Y(k,l) is the received signal at the pilot position, X(k,l) is the local pilot sequence, X * (k,l) is the conjugate transpose of X(k,l), k is Carrier index, l is the symbol index, N FFT is the number of points of FFT/IFFT, and L is the length of the LS pilot channel estimation sequence.
上述方案中，上述实施例还包括降噪模块，配置为对第二LS信道估计结果进行降噪处理。In the above solution, the foregoing embodiment further includes a noise reduction module configured to perform noise reduction processing on the second LS channel estimation result.
本发明实施例的有益效果：Advantageous effects of embodiments of the present invention:
本发明实施例提供的信道估计方法及装置、存储介质，根据导频信号的信噪比对导频位置的第一LS信道估计结果进行扩展，生成第二LS信道估计结果，实现了对现有信道估计算法的扩展，使得可以根据不同的信噪比对现有LS信道估计算法执行不同的扩展，可在低信噪比及高信噪比时都具备较高性能，解决了现有信道估计方法在低信噪比或高信噪比时性能较差的问题。The channel estimation method and apparatus and the storage medium provided by the embodiments of the present invention extend the first LS channel estimation result of the pilot position according to the signal to noise ratio of the pilot signal, and generate a second LS channel estimation result, which implements the existing The extension of the channel estimation algorithm makes it possible to perform different extensions on the existing LS channel estimation algorithm according to different signal-to-noise ratios, and has high performance at low SNR and high SNR, and solves the existing channel estimation. The method has poor performance at low signal-to-noise ratio or high signal-to-noise ratio.
附图说明DRAWINGS
图1为本发明第一实施例提供的信道估计装置的示意图；1 is a schematic diagram of a channel estimation apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明第二实施例提供的信道估计方法的流程图；2 is a flowchart of a channel estimation method according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本发明第三实施例提供的信道估计方法的流程图。FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a channel estimation method according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
现通过具体实施方式结合附图的方式对本发明实施例做出进一步的诠释说明。The embodiments of the present invention are further illustrated by the specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
第一实施例：First embodiment:
图1为本发明第一实施例提供的信道估计装置的示意图，由图1可知，在本实施例中，本发明实施例提供的信道估计装置1包括：1 is a schematic diagram of a channel estimation apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, in the embodiment, a channel estimation apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
接收模块11，配置为接收导频信号；The receiving module 11 is configured to receive a pilot signal;
处理模块12，配置为根据导频信号的信噪比，对导频位置的第一LS信道估计结果进行扩展，生成第二LS信道估计结果。 The processing module 12 is configured to expand a first LS channel estimation result of the pilot position according to a signal to noise ratio of the pilot signal to generate a second LS channel estimation result.
在一些实施例中，上述实施例中的处理模块12，还配置为计算导频信号的信噪比，将信噪比与预设值进行大小比较，根据比较结果确定第一LS信道估计结果的扩展方式，根据确定的扩张方式对第一LS信道估计结果进行扩展。In some embodiments, the processing module 12 in the foregoing embodiment is further configured to calculate a signal to noise ratio of the pilot signal, compare the signal to noise ratio with a preset value, and determine a first LS channel estimation result according to the comparison result. In an extended manner, the first LS channel estimation result is extended according to the determined expansion mode.
在一些实施例中，上述实施例中的处理模块12，还配置为当信噪比小于预设值时，采用尾部补零方式对第一LS信道估计结果进行扩展；当信噪比大于预设值时，采用线性衔接方式对第一LS信道估计结果进行扩展。In some embodiments, the processing module 12 in the foregoing embodiment is further configured to: when the signal to noise ratio is less than a preset value, use a tail zero padding manner to extend the first LS channel estimation result; when the signal to noise ratio is greater than a preset In the case of the value, the first LS channel estimation result is extended by a linear connection manner.
在一些实施例中，上述实施例中的第一LS信道估计结果为：In some embodiments, the first LS channel estimation result in the above embodiment is:
HLS(k,l)＝Y(k,l)X*(k,l)；H LS (k,l)=Y(k,l)X * (k,l);
处理模块12采用尾部补零方式对第一LS信道估计结果进行扩展时，得到的第二LS信道估计结果为：When the processing module 12 expands the first LS channel estimation result by using the tail zero padding method, the obtained second LS channel estimation result is:
Figure PCTCN2015088036-appb-000005
Figure PCTCN2015088036-appb-000005
处理模块12采用线性衔接方式对第一LS信道估计结果进行扩展时，得到的第二LS信道估计结果为：When the processing module 12 expands the first LS channel estimation result by using a linear connection manner, the obtained second LS channel estimation result is:
Figure PCTCN2015088036-appb-000006
Figure PCTCN2015088036-appb-000006
其中，Y(k,l)为导频位置的接收信号，X(k,l)为本地导频序列，X*(k,l)为X(k,l)的共轭转置，k为载波索引，l为符号索引，NFFT为FFT/IFFT的点数，L为LS导频信道估计序列长度。Where Y(k,l) is the received signal at the pilot position, X(k,l) is the local pilot sequence, X * (k,l) is the conjugate transpose of X(k,l), k is Carrier index, l is the symbol index, N FFT is the number of points of FFT/IFFT, and L is the length of the LS pilot channel estimation sequence.
在一些实施例中，如图1所示，上述实施例还包括降噪模块13，配置为对第二LS信道估计结果进行降噪处理。In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1, the foregoing embodiment further includes a noise reduction module 13 configured to perform noise reduction processing on the second LS channel estimation result.
在一些实施例中，上述实施例中的降噪模块13，还配置为利用时频域变换算法对第二LS信道估计结果进行降噪处理。 In some embodiments, the noise reduction module 13 in the foregoing embodiment is further configured to perform noise reduction processing on the second LS channel estimation result by using a time-frequency domain transform algorithm.
在一些实施例中，上述实施例中的降噪模块13，还配置为通过IFFT变换将将第二LS信道估计结果
Figure PCTCN2015088036-appb-000007
变换到时域，得到时域信道响应In some embodiments, the noise reduction module 13 in the above embodiment is further configured to perform the second LS channel estimation result by the IFFT transform.
Figure PCTCN2015088036-appb-000007
Transform to the time domain to get the time domain channel response
hNOISE(n,l)，0≤n≤NFFT-1；h NOISE (n, l), 0 ≤ n ≤ N FFT -1;
根据下式计算时域噪声功率：Calculate the time domain noise power according to the following formula:
Figure PCTCN2015088036-appb-000008
Figure PCTCN2015088036-appb-000008
将hNOISE(n,l)中位于区间Nfront≤n≤NFFT-Nback-1的数据置零，当hNOISE(n,l)位于区间0≤n≤Nfront-1和NFFT-Nback≤n≤NFFT-1的数据小于mσ2的时候，对应的数据置零，生成h(n,l)；The h NOISE positioned interval N front ≤n≤N FFT -N back is zeroed -1 (n, l), where h NOISE (n, l) to the interval 0≤n≤N front -1 and N FFT - N back ≤ n ≤ N FFT -1 when the data is less than mσ 2 , the corresponding data is set to zero, generating h(n, l);
通过FFT变换将时域滤波之后的时域信道响应h(n,l)变换到频域，得到频域信道响应H(k,l)；其中NFront表示前窗长度，Nback表示后窗长度，NFFT为FFT/IFFT的点数，m根据信号调制方式确定。The time domain channel response h(n, l) after time domain filtering is transformed into the frequency domain by FFT transform to obtain a frequency domain channel response H(k, l); wherein N Front represents the length of the front window, and N back represents the length of the back window. , N FFT is the number of points of FFT/IFFT, and m is determined according to the signal modulation mode.
在实际应用中，所述接收模块11、所述处理模块12以及降噪模块13均可由中央处理单元(CPU，Central Processing Unit)、或数字信号处理(DSP，Digital Signal Processor)、或现场可编程门阵列(FPGA，Field Programmable Gate Array)等来实现；所述CPU、DSP、FPGA均可内置于信道估计装置1中。In practical applications, the receiving module 11, the processing module 12, and the noise reduction module 13 can be centrally processed by a central processing unit (CPU), or digital signal processing (DSP), or field programmable. The Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is implemented; the CPU, the DSP, and the FPGA may be built in the channel estimation apparatus 1.
第二实施例：Second embodiment:
图2为本发明第二实施例提供的信道估计方法的示意图，由图2可知，在本实施例中，本发明实施例提供的信道估计方法包括以下步骤：2 is a schematic diagram of a channel estimation method according to a second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, in the embodiment, the channel estimation method provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
S201：接收导频信号；S201: Receive a pilot signal;
S202：根据导频信号的信噪比，对导频位置的第一LS信道估计结果进行扩展，生成第二LS信道估计结果。S202: Expand a first LS channel estimation result of the pilot position according to a signal to noise ratio of the pilot signal, to generate a second LS channel estimation result.
在一些实施例中，上述实施例中的根据导频信号的信噪比对第一LS信 道估计结果进行扩展包括：计算导频信号的信噪比，将信噪比与预设值进行大小比较，根据比较结果确定第一LS信道估计结果的扩展方式，根据确定的扩张方式对第一LS信道估计结果进行扩展。In some embodiments, the first LS signal according to the signal to noise ratio of the pilot signal in the above embodiment The channel estimation result is extended by: calculating a signal to noise ratio of the pilot signal, comparing the signal to noise ratio with a preset value, and determining an extension manner of the first LS channel estimation result according to the comparison result, and performing the first according to the determined expansion mode. The LS channel estimation result is extended.
在一些实施例中，上述实施例中的根据比较结果确定第一LS信道估计结果的扩展方式包括：当信噪比小于预设值时，采用尾部补零方式对第一LS信道估计结果进行扩展；当信噪比大于预设值时，采用线性衔接方式对第一LS信道估计结果进行扩展。In some embodiments, the method for determining the first LS channel estimation result according to the comparison result in the foregoing embodiment includes: when the signal to noise ratio is less than a preset value, expanding the first LS channel estimation result by using a tail zero padding manner. When the signal-to-noise ratio is greater than the preset value, the first LS channel estimation result is extended by a linear connection manner.
在一些实施例中，上述实施例中的第一LS信道估计结果为：In some embodiments, the first LS channel estimation result in the above embodiment is:
HLS(k,l)＝Y(k,l)X*(k,l)；H LS (k,l)=Y(k,l)X * (k,l);
采用尾部补零方式对第一LS信道估计结果进行扩展时，得到的第二LS信道估计结果为：
Figure PCTCN2015088036-appb-000009
 When the first LS channel estimation result is extended by the tail zero padding method, the obtained second LS channel estimation result is:
Figure PCTCN2015088036-appb-000009
采用线性衔接方式对第一LS信道估计结果进行扩展时，得到的第二LS信道估计结果为：When the first LS channel estimation result is extended by using the linear connection manner, the obtained second LS channel estimation result is:
Figure PCTCN2015088036-appb-000010
Figure PCTCN2015088036-appb-000010
其中，Y(k,l)为导频位置的接收信号，X(k,l)为本地导频序列，X*(k,l)为X(k,l)的共轭转置，k为载波索引，l为符号索引，NFFT为FFT/IFFT的点数，L为LS导频信道估计序列长度。Where Y(k,l) is the received signal at the pilot position, X(k,l) is the local pilot sequence, X * (k,l) is the conjugate transpose of X(k,l), k is Carrier index, l is the symbol index, N FFT is the number of points of FFT/IFFT, and L is the length of the LS pilot channel estimation sequence.
在一些实施例中，上述实施例在获取到第二LS信道估计结果之后，还包括：对第二LS信道估计结果进行降噪处理。In some embodiments, after acquiring the second LS channel estimation result, the foregoing embodiment further includes: performing noise reduction processing on the second LS channel estimation result.
在一些实施例中，上述实施例中的对第二LS信道估计结果进行降噪处理包括：利用时频域变换算法对第二LS信道估计结果进行降噪处理。In some embodiments, performing noise reduction processing on the second LS channel estimation result in the foregoing embodiment includes: performing noise reduction processing on the second LS channel estimation result by using a time-frequency domain transform algorithm.
在一些实施例中，上述实施例中的利用时频域变换算法对第二LS信道估计结果进行降噪处理包括：通过IFFT变换将将第二LS信道估计结果
Figure PCTCN2015088036-appb-000011
变换到时域，得到时域信道响应hNOISE(n,l)，0≤n≤NFFT-1；In some embodiments, the performing noise reduction processing on the second LS channel estimation result by using the time-frequency domain transform algorithm in the foregoing embodiment includes: performing the second LS channel estimation result by using the IFFT transform.
Figure PCTCN2015088036-appb-000011
Transform to the time domain, get the time domain channel response h NOISE (n, l), 0 ≤ n ≤ N FFT -1;
根据
Figure PCTCN2015088036-appb-000012
计算时域噪声功率；将hNOISE(n,l)中位于区间Nfront≤n≤NFFT-Nback-1的数据置零，当hNOISE(n,l)位于区间0≤n≤Nfront-1和NFFT-Nback≤n≤NFFT-1的数据小于mσ2的时候，对应的数据置零，生成h(n,l)；通过FFT变换将时域滤波之后的时域信道响应h(n,l)变换到频域，得到频域信道响应H(k,l)；其中NFront表示前窗长度，Nback表示后窗长度，NFFT为FFT/IFFT的点数，m根据信号调制方式确定。according to
Figure PCTCN2015088036-appb-000012
 Calculating the temporal noise power; and h NOISE positioned interval N front ≤n≤N FFT -N back is zeroed -1, (n, l) when the h NOISE (n, l) in the interval 0≤n≤N front -1 and N FFT -N back ≤n≤N When the data of FFT -1 is smaller than mσ 2 , the corresponding data is set to zero to generate h(n,l); the time domain channel response after time domain filtering by FFT transform h(n,l) is transformed into the frequency domain to obtain the frequency domain channel response H(k,l); wherein N Front represents the length of the front window, N back represents the length of the back window, N FFT is the number of points of the FFT/IFFT, and m is based on the signal The modulation method is determined.
本发明实施例还提出一种计算机可读存储介质，该存储介质包括一组指令，所述指令用于执行上述图2所示的信道估计方法。The embodiment of the invention further provides a computer readable storage medium, the storage medium comprising a set of instructions for performing the channel estimation method shown in FIG. 2 above.
第三实施例：Third embodiment:
图3为本发明第三实施例提供的信道估计方法的示意图，由图3可知，在本实施例中，本发明实施例提供的信道估计方法包括以下步骤：FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a channel estimation method according to a third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, in the embodiment, the channel estimation method provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
S301：基站接收并根据导频信号计算信噪比(SINR)。S301: The base station receives and calculates a signal to noise ratio (SINR) according to the pilot signal.
基站可以采用滤波之后的导频信号能量和噪声能量计算SINR。The base station can calculate the SINR using the filtered pilot signal energy and noise energy.
S302：基站对导频位置进行LS信道估计，获得第一LS信道估计结果。S302: The base station performs LS channel estimation on the pilot position, and obtains a first LS channel estimation result.
基站对导频位置进行LS信道估计，假设Y(k,l)为导频位置的接收信号，X(k,l)为已知的本地导频序列，X*(k,l)为X(k,l)的共轭转置，k为载波索引，l为符号索引，导频位置的第一LS信道估计结果如下：The base station performs LS channel estimation on the pilot position, assuming that Y(k, l) is the received signal at the pilot position, X(k, l) is a known local pilot sequence, and X * (k, l) is X ( The conjugate transpose of k, l), k is the carrier index, l is the symbol index, and the first LS channel estimation result of the pilot position is as follows:
HLS(k,l)＝Y(k,l)X*(k,l)。H LS (k,l)=Y(k,l)X * (k,l).
S303：根据SINR对第一LS信道估计结果进行扩展，得到第二LS信道估计结果。S303: Expand the first LS channel estimation result according to the SINR, to obtain a second LS channel estimation result.
具体的为： Specifically:
当估计得到的SINR小于预设值SINRThreshold，采用尾部补零的方法对第一LS信道估计结果进行扩展，扩展得到的第二LS信道估计结果如下：When the estimated SINR is less than the preset value SINR Threshold , the first LS channel estimation result is extended by using a trailing zero-padding method, and the extended second LS channel estimation result is as follows:
Figure PCTCN2015088036-appb-000013
Figure PCTCN2015088036-appb-000013
当估计出来的SINR大于预设值SINRThreshold，采用线性衔接的方法对第一LS信道估计结果进行扩展，扩展得到的第二LS信道估计结果如下：When the estimated SINR is greater than the preset value SINR Threshold , the first LS channel estimation result is extended by a linear convergence method, and the extended second LS channel estimation result is as follows:
Figure PCTCN2015088036-appb-000014
Figure PCTCN2015088036-appb-000014
其中，Y(k,l)为导频位置的接收信号，X(k,l)为本地导频序列，X*(k,l)为X(k,l)的共轭转置，k为载波索引，l为符号索引，NFFT为FFT/IFFT的点数，L为LS导频信道估计序列长度。Where Y(k,l) is the received signal at the pilot position, X(k,l) is the local pilot sequence, X * (k,l) is the conjugate transpose of X(k,l), k is Carrier index, l is the symbol index, N FFT is the number of points of FFT/IFFT, and L is the length of the LS pilot channel estimation sequence.
在实际应用中，预设值SINRThreshold可以根据实际需求来确定，设置灵活。In practical applications, the preset value SINR Threshold can be determined according to actual needs, and the setting is flexible.
S304：通过时频域变换方法对第二LS信道估计结果进行降噪。S304: Perform noise reduction on the second LS channel estimation result by using a time-frequency domain transform method.
具体的，基站通过IFFT变换将延长之后的频域信道响应
Figure PCTCN2015088036-appb-000015
变换到时域，得到时域信道响应hNOISE(n,l)，0≤n≤NFFT-1，在时域内进行降噪。Specifically, the base station will extend the frequency domain channel response after the IFFT transform.
Figure PCTCN2015088036-appb-000015
Transforming into the time domain, the time domain channel response h NOISE (n, l), 0 ≤ n ≤ N FFT -1 is obtained, and noise reduction is performed in the time domain.
通过下式计算时域噪声功率：Calculate the time domain noise power by:
Figure PCTCN2015088036-appb-000016
Figure PCTCN2015088036-appb-000016
其中NFront＝LCPβfront表示前窗长度，Nback＝LCPβback表示后窗长度。设
Figure PCTCN2015088036-appb-000017
lCP与CP的模式有关，常规CP时为144，扩展CP时为512。βback和βfront根据下表1确定：Where N Front = L CP β front denotes the length of the front window, N back = L CP β back denotes the length of the back window. Assume
Figure PCTCN2015088036-appb-000017
l The CP is related to the mode of the CP, which is 144 for the regular CP and 512 for the extended CP. The β back and β front are determined according to the following Table 1:
表1Table 1
调制方式Modulation βback Back back βfront Front front
QPSKQPSK 1.51.5 0.50.5
16QAM16QAM 1.51.5 0.750.75
64QAM64QAM 22 11
降噪处理具体为：The noise reduction process is specifically as follows:
将hNOISE(n,l)位于区间Nfront≤n≤NFFT-Nback-1的数据置零；当hNOISE(n,l)位于区间0≤n≤Nfront-1和NFFT-Nback≤n≤NFFT-1的数据小于mσ2的时候，对应的数据置零。令经过上述处理之后的hNOISE(n,l)为h(n,l)。m可以根据调制方式按下表2进行选择：Zero the data of h NOISE (n,l) in the interval N front ≤n≤N FFT -N back -1; when h NOISE (n,l) is located in the interval 0≤n≤N front -1 and N FFT -N Back ≤n≤N When the data of FFT -1 is smaller than mσ 2 , the corresponding data is set to zero. Let h NOISE (n, l) after the above processing be h(n, l). m can be selected according to the modulation method as shown in Table 2:
表2Table 2
调制方式Modulation 载波个数大于72The number of carriers is greater than 72 载波个数小于72The number of carriers is less than 72
QPSKQPSK 55 00
16QAM16QAM 55 00
64QAM64QAM 00 00
降噪处理之后，通过FFT变换将时域滤波之后的时域信道响应h(n,l)变换到频域，得到频域信道响应H(k,l)。After the noise reduction process, the time domain channel response h(n, l) after the time domain filtering is transformed into the frequency domain by FFT transform, and the frequency domain channel response H(k, l) is obtained.
综上可知，通过本发明的实施，至少存在以下有益效果：In summary, through the implementation of the present invention, at least the following beneficial effects exist:
根据导频信号的信噪比对导频位置的第一LS信道估计结果进行扩展，生成第二LS信道估计结果，实现了对现有信道估计算法的扩展，使得可以根据不同的信噪比对现有LS信道估计算法执行不同的扩展，可在低信噪比及高信噪比时都具备较高性能，解决了现有信道估计方法在低信噪比或高信噪比时性能较差的问题。The first LS channel estimation result of the pilot position is extended according to the signal to noise ratio of the pilot signal, and the second LS channel estimation result is generated, thereby realizing the extension of the existing channel estimation algorithm, so that different signal to noise ratios can be The existing LS channel estimation algorithm performs different extensions, and has high performance at low SNR and high SNR, which solves the poor performance of existing channel estimation methods at low SNR or high SNR. The problem.
本领域内的技术人员应明白，本发明的实施例可提供为方法、***、或计算机程序产品。因此，本发明可采用硬件实施例、软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且，本发明可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘 存储器和光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention can take the form of a hardware embodiment, a software embodiment, or a combination of software and hardware. Moreover, the present invention may employ computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disks) in one or more of the computer-usable program code embodied therein. A form of computer program product embodied on a memory and optical storage, etc.).
本发明是参照根据本发明实施例的方法、设备(***)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。The present invention has been described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (system), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or FIG. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine for the execution of instructions for execution by a processor of a computer or other programmable data processing device. Means for implementing the functions specified in one or more of the flow or in a block or blocks of the flow chart.
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。The computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising the instruction device. The apparatus implements the functions specified in one or more blocks of a flow or a flow and/or block diagram of the flowchart.
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device such that a series of operational steps are performed on a computer or other programmable device to produce computer-implemented processing for execution on a computer or other programmable device. The instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more of the flow or in a block or blocks of a flow diagram.
以上所述仅是本发明实施例的实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明实施例原理的前提下，还可以作出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明实施例的保护范围。The above is only an embodiment of the embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make some improvements and refinements without departing from the principles of the embodiments of the present invention. Retouching should also be considered as the scope of protection of the embodiments of the present invention.
工业实用性Industrial applicability
本发明实施例根据导频信号的信噪比对导频位置的第一LS信道估计结果进行扩展，生成第二LS信道估计结果，实现了对现有信道估计算法的 扩展，使得可以根据不同的信噪比对现有LS信道估计算法执行不同的扩展，可在低信噪比及高信噪比时都具备较高性能，解决了现有信道估计方法在低信噪比或高信噪比时性能较差的问题。 In the embodiment of the present invention, the first LS channel estimation result of the pilot position is extended according to the signal to noise ratio of the pilot signal, and the second LS channel estimation result is generated, and the existing channel estimation algorithm is implemented. The extension makes it possible to perform different extensions on the existing LS channel estimation algorithm according to different signal-to-noise ratios, and has high performance in low SNR and high SNR, and solves the problem that the existing channel estimation method is low. Poor performance when noise ratio or high signal to noise ratio.

Claims (11)

  1. 一种信道估计方法，包括：A channel estimation method includes:
    接收导频信号；Receiving a pilot signal;
    根据所述导频信号的信噪比，对导频位置的第一LS信道估计结果进行扩展，生成第二LS信道估计结果。And expanding a first LS channel estimation result of the pilot position according to a signal to noise ratio of the pilot signal to generate a second LS channel estimation result.
  2. 如权利要求1所述的信道估计方法，其中，根据所述导频信号的信噪比对第一LS信道估计结果进行扩展，包括：计算所述导频信号的信噪比，将所述信噪比与预设值进行大小比较，根据比较结果确定所述第一LS信道估计结果的扩展方式，根据确定的扩张方式对所述第一LS信道估计结果进行扩展。The channel estimation method according to claim 1, wherein the first LS channel estimation result is extended according to a signal to noise ratio of the pilot signal, comprising: calculating a signal to noise ratio of the pilot signal, and the signal is The noise ratio is compared with the preset value, and the extension manner of the first LS channel estimation result is determined according to the comparison result, and the first LS channel estimation result is expanded according to the determined expansion manner.
  3. 如权利要求2所述的信道估计方法，其中，根据所述比较结果确定所述第一LS信道估计结果的扩展方式，包括：The channel estimation method according to claim 2, wherein determining an extension manner of the first LS channel estimation result according to the comparison result comprises:
    当所述信噪比小于所述预设值时，采用尾部补零方式对第一LS信道估计结果进行扩展；When the signal to noise ratio is less than the preset value, the first LS channel estimation result is extended by using a tail zero padding manner;
    当所述信噪比大于所述预设值时，采用线性衔接方式对第一LS信道估计结果进行扩展。When the signal to noise ratio is greater than the preset value, the first LS channel estimation result is extended by using a linear connection manner.
  4. 如权利要求3所述的信道估计方法，其中，The channel estimation method according to claim 3, wherein
    所述第一LS信道估计结果为：The first LS channel estimation result is:
    HLS(k,l)＝Y(k,l)X*(k,l)；H LS (k,l)=Y(k,l)X * (k,l);
    采用尾部补零方式对第一LS信道估计结果进行扩展时，得到的第二LS信道估计结果为：When the first LS channel estimation result is extended by the tail zero padding method, the obtained second LS channel estimation result is:
    Figure PCTCN2015088036-appb-100001
    Figure PCTCN2015088036-appb-100001
    采用线性衔接方式对第一LS信道估计结果进行扩展时，得到的第二LS信道估计结果为： When the first LS channel estimation result is extended by using the linear connection manner, the obtained second LS channel estimation result is:
    Figure PCTCN2015088036-appb-100002
    Figure PCTCN2015088036-appb-100002
    其中，Y(k,l)为导频位置的接收信号，X(k,l)为本地导频序列，X*(k,l)为X(k,l)的共轭转置，k为载波索引，l为符号索引，NFFT为FFT/IFFT的点数，L为LS导频信道估计序列长度。Where Y(k,l) is the received signal at the pilot position, X(k,l) is the local pilot sequence, X * (k,l) is the conjugate transpose of X(k,l), k is Carrier index, l is the symbol index, N FFT is the number of points of FFT/IFFT, and L is the length of the LS pilot channel estimation sequence.
  5. 如权利要求1至4任一项所述的信道估计方法，其中，在获取到所述第二LS信道估计结果之后，还包括：对所述第二LS信道估计结果进行降噪处理。The channel estimation method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising: after the obtaining the second LS channel estimation result, performing noise reduction processing on the second LS channel estimation result.
  6. 一种信道估计装置，包括：A channel estimation apparatus comprising:
    接收模块，配置为接收导频信号；a receiving module configured to receive a pilot signal;
    处理模块，配置为根据所述导频信号的信噪比，对导频位置的第一LS信道估计结果进行扩展，生成第二LS信道估计结果。The processing module is configured to expand a first LS channel estimation result of the pilot position according to a signal to noise ratio of the pilot signal to generate a second LS channel estimation result.
  7. 如权利要求6所述的信道估计装置，其中，处理模块，还配置为计算所述导频信号的信噪比，将所述信噪比与预设值进行大小比较，根据比较结果确定所述第一LS信道估计结果的扩展方式，根据确定的扩张方式对所述第一LS信道估计结果进行扩展。The channel estimation apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the processing module is further configured to calculate a signal to noise ratio of the pilot signal, compare the signal to noise ratio with a preset value, and determine the result according to the comparison result. The manner of extending the first LS channel estimation result extends the first LS channel estimation result according to the determined expansion mode.
  8. 如权利要求7所述的信道估计装置，其中，处理模块，还配置为当所述信噪比小于所述预设值时，采用尾部补零方式对第一LS信道估计结果进行扩展；当所述信噪比大于所述预设值时，采用线性衔接方式对第一LS信道估计结果进行扩展。The channel estimation apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the processing module is further configured to: when the signal to noise ratio is less than the preset value, extend the first LS channel estimation result by using a tail zero padding manner; When the signal to noise ratio is greater than the preset value, the first LS channel estimation result is extended by using a linear connection manner.
  9. 如权利要求8所述的信道估计装置，其中，The channel estimating apparatus according to claim 8, wherein
    所述第一LS信道估计结果为：The first LS channel estimation result is:
    HLS(k,l)＝Y(k,l)X*(k,l)；H LS (k,l)=Y(k,l)X * (k,l);
    所述处理模块采用尾部补零方式对所属第一LS信道估计结果进行扩展时，得到的第二LS信道估计结果为： When the processing module uses the tail zero padding mode to extend the first LS channel estimation result, the obtained second LS channel estimation result is:
    Figure PCTCN2015088036-appb-100003
    Figure PCTCN2015088036-appb-100003
    所述处理模块采用线性衔接方式对所述第一LS信道估计结果进行扩展时，得到的第二LS信道估计结果为：When the processing module expands the first LS channel estimation result by using a linear connection manner, the obtained second LS channel estimation result is:
    Figure PCTCN2015088036-appb-100004
    Figure PCTCN2015088036-appb-100004
    其中，Y(k,l)为导频位置的接收信号，X(k,l)为本地导频序列，X*(k,l)为X(k,l)的共轭转置，k为载波索引，l为符号索引，NFFT为FFT/IFFT的点数，L为LS导频信道估计序列长度。Where Y(k,l) is the received signal at the pilot position, X(k,l) is the local pilot sequence, X * (k,l) is the conjugate transpose of X(k,l), k is Carrier index, l is the symbol index, N FFT is the number of points of FFT/IFFT, and L is the length of the LS pilot channel estimation sequence.
  10. 如权利要求6至9任一项所述的信道估计装置，其中，所述信道估计装置还包括降噪模块，配置为对所述第二LS信道估计结果进行降噪处理。The channel estimation apparatus according to any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein the channel estimation apparatus further comprises a noise reduction module configured to perform noise reduction processing on the second LS channel estimation result.
  11. 一种计算机可读存储介质，该存储介质包括一组指令，所述指令用于执行权利要求1至5任一项所述的信道估计方法。 A computer readable storage medium comprising a set of instructions for performing the channel estimation method of any one of claims 1 to 5.
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