WO2016146313A1 - Procédé pour faire fonctionner un lave-linge avec un capteur électrochimique et lave-linge pour la mise en oeuvre dudit procédé - Google Patents

Procédé pour faire fonctionner un lave-linge avec un capteur électrochimique et lave-linge pour la mise en oeuvre dudit procédé Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016146313A1
WO2016146313A1 PCT/EP2016/053097 EP2016053097W WO2016146313A1 WO 2016146313 A1 WO2016146313 A1 WO 2016146313A1 EP 2016053097 W EP2016053097 W EP 2016053097W WO 2016146313 A1 WO2016146313 A1 WO 2016146313A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
detergent
aqueous liquid
drum
electrochemical
sensor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2016/053097
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Dirk Aurich
Andreas Bischof
Michael Munick
Hartmut Schaub
Original Assignee
BSH Hausgeräte GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BSH Hausgeräte GmbH filed Critical BSH Hausgeräte GmbH
Priority to CN201680015518.XA priority Critical patent/CN107407034B/zh
Priority to EP16704234.0A priority patent/EP3268529B1/fr
Publication of WO2016146313A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016146313A1/fr

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F34/00—Details of control systems for washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F34/14—Arrangements for detecting or measuring specific parameters
    • D06F34/22—Condition of the washing liquid, e.g. turbidity
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F33/00—Control of operations performed in washing machines or washer-dryers 
    • D06F33/30—Control of washing machines characterised by the purpose or target of the control 
    • D06F33/32—Control of operational steps, e.g. optimisation or improvement of operational steps depending on the condition of the laundry
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F2101/00—User input for the control of domestic laundry washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F2101/02—Characteristics of laundry or load
    • D06F2101/04—Quantity, e.g. weight
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F2101/00—User input for the control of domestic laundry washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F2101/02—Characteristics of laundry or load
    • D06F2101/06—Type or material
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F2103/00—Parameters monitored or detected for the control of domestic laundry washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F2103/02—Characteristics of laundry or load
    • D06F2103/04—Quantity, e.g. weight or variation of weight
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F2103/00—Parameters monitored or detected for the control of domestic laundry washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F2103/02—Characteristics of laundry or load
    • D06F2103/06—Type or material
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F2103/00—Parameters monitored or detected for the control of domestic laundry washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F2103/18—Washing liquid level
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F2103/00—Parameters monitored or detected for the control of domestic laundry washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F2103/20—Washing liquid condition, e.g. turbidity
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F2103/00—Parameters monitored or detected for the control of domestic laundry washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F2103/24—Spin speed; Drum movements
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F2103/00—Parameters monitored or detected for the control of domestic laundry washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F2103/44—Current or voltage
    • D06F2103/46—Current or voltage of the motor driving the drum
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F2105/00—Systems or parameters controlled or affected by the control systems of washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F2105/46—Drum speed; Actuation of motors, e.g. starting or interrupting
    • D06F2105/48—Drum speed
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F2105/00—Systems or parameters controlled or affected by the control systems of washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F2105/58—Indications or alarms to the control system or to the user
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F2105/00—Systems or parameters controlled or affected by the control systems of washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F2105/58—Indications or alarms to the control system or to the user
    • D06F2105/60—Audible signals

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating a washing machine with an electrochemical sensor and a washing machine suitable for this purpose.
  • the invention relates in particular to a method for operating a washing machine with a container, a drum for receiving items of laundry, a drive motor for the drum, an electrochemical sensor in the container for determining an electrochemical signal as a function of a composition of an aqueous liquid in the container, and a Control device, and a suitable for carrying out this method washing machine.
  • laundry is generally treated in a washing phase for cleaning with a detergent containing wash liquor.
  • washing machine which has an optimum amount of e.g. Detect detergent and a user of the washing machine on a display display a dosage recommendation with a precise indication of an amount to be used, for example. Can give detergent.
  • WO 03/029550 A1 describes a process-controlled domestic appliance with a microcomputer and a display for texts, in which a display panel for the Display of the expected in a work process (eg a wash program) required amount of additives (eg detergent) is present.
  • the household appliance has a device by means of which, for example, a washing process additive can be supplied, the dosage must be made by an operator.
  • a detergent dosage optimally adapted to a lot of items of laundry leads, in addition to a saving of energy and water, in particular also to a lower load on the wastewater.
  • DE 29 17 859 describes a method for monitoring and controlling the program, in particular the water inlet and / or the cleaning or detergent addition in automatic washing machines and dishwashers, wherein the surface tension and / or the water hardness and / or the electrical conductivity of the Washing liquid responsive sensors are provided in the machine, which intervene via an electrical control circuit in the program flow and control the amount of water, the water change and / or the dosage of cleaning or detergent addition.
  • EP 2 533 035 A1 describes a device for detecting material properties of a medium, comprising a measuring device including a sensor device, which is in communication with the medium, and a control device for controlling the sensor device with signals of a predetermined frequency range, and a control device for controlling the Operation of the measuring device and specification of the predetermined frequency range, wherein the driving means is provided for determining the course of the impedance Z of the medium corresponding to the predetermined frequency range in response to the frequency, and for outputting a detection signal, and the control means is provided for evaluating the detection signal of the drive means Determining a plurality of characteristic points (P1 to P4) of the course of the impedance Z and generating a result signal with respect to the properties of the Medium. It should thus be possible, for example, to determine whether a wash solution requires a further addition of wax.
  • EP 2 767 825 A1 describes a method and an apparatus for determining a micelle formation concentration. The process is carried out in a washing device which has a quantity of water required for carrying out a washing process, with the steps
  • step 2 Detecting an amount Z and a phase angle ⁇ of an impedance of the wash liquor for a predetermined number of frequencies of drive signals and generating a corresponding number of respective measured values (step 2),
  • step 7 Repeating steps 1 to 6B until the product of determination is equal to or greater than the threshold value (XB) (step 7).
  • optical or electrochemical sensors are generally employed, e.g. Turbidity sensors, impedance sensors.
  • Turbidity sensors e.g. Turbidity sensors
  • impedance sensors e.g. Turbidity sensors, impedance sensors.
  • detergents for forming a wash liquor for cleaning laundry items in particular contain surfactants as surface-active substances, which reduce the surface tension of the water in the aqueous solution formed (wash liquor), since the surfactants preferably on the surface and thus at an interface adsorb. In particular, it is therefore necessary to monitor a surfactant concentration in an aqueous liquid in the tub.
  • the signals of the sensors can be falsified and, if necessary, can only be evaluated poorly or not at all if the aqueous liquid to be measured is present is not sufficiently calm and / or too much foam is present in the aqueous liquid. This can lead, in particular when using impedance sensors as electrochemical sensors, to the fact that no evaluable results are obtained.
  • EP 0 383 218 B1 describes a method for controlling the rinsing of a program-controlled washing machine, which carries out a plurality of rinse programs following a washing process, wherein the electrical conductivity of the rinse water is measured and the rinse is ended when the difference between the measured conductance and a reference conductance falls below a predetermined level, wherein the conductance measurement is carried out in a section of the drain line, in which after emptying the washing machine room still liquid, and the conductivity measurement is carried out after completion of a rinse on the standing in the section rinse water, and in dependence on the result of conductance measurement It is decided whether another rinsing process is carried out.
  • the conductivity measurement is carried out in a calmed pump sump.
  • the object of the present invention was to provide a method for operating a washing machine, which is improved with regard to the measurement of electrochemical signals, in particular of impedance signals of an impedance sensor.
  • the method should preferably allow the simplest possible and / or accurate monitoring of a wash program.
  • the object of the invention was also to provide a suitable for carrying out this method washing machine.
  • the invention thus relates to a method for operating a washing machine with a container, a drum for receiving laundry, a drive motor for the drum, an electrochemical sensor in the container for measuring a electrochemical signal in dependence on a composition of an aqueous liquid in the container, and a control device, wherein the following steps are carried out:
  • step (D) Measurement of the concentration c th of a detergent in the provided in step (a) detergent-containing aqueous liquid by recording and evaluation of electrochemical signals of the electrochemical sensor using a stored in the controller relationship between electrochemical signals and detergent concentrations.
  • detergent-containing aqueous liquid is to be interpreted broadly as detergent, including its components surfactants, enzymes, bleaching agents, etc., as well as fabric softeners Washing program in which this is incurred, referred to as a wash liquor, such as free liquor, or rinse.
  • a container is understood to mean a suds container, a part of the container or a component in which the aqueous liquid provided during operation of the washing machine is located or flows past.
  • the impedance sensor in the tub of a washing machine as well as in a measuring container which is communicatively connected to the tub, or in a liquid line through which the aqueous liquid flows during operation of the washing machine may be arranged.
  • the latter could be particularly advantageous if the washing machine has a pumping system, which discharges the aqueous liquid during operation of the washing machine from a tub and feeds again.
  • the contribution of convection to the transport processes in the aqueous liquid can be used as a measure for a given, calmed state.
  • the fact that many electrochemical measurement methods in the quiescent state of the aqueous liquid produce electrochemical signals whose faraday proportion is determined by the diffusion of electroactive species in the aqueous liquid can be taken into account.
  • the transport of electroactive species to the electrode is no longer just diffusion-dependent, but also influenced by convection. This generally results in characteristic changes in the electrochemical signal, the changes being a measure of the contribution of convection.
  • Suitable electrochemical signals can be measured for example by means of voltammetric methods. Such electrochemical signals can be obtained, for example, by the use of cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry or Doppelpulschronoamperometrie, but also by impedance spectroscopy.
  • a voltage jump is generally made to a suitable voltage, which is sufficient for an oxidation or reduction process, and then, depending on the time, a current drop is measured and evaluated.
  • a convective contribution generally leads to a weakening of the current drop.
  • Doppelpulschronoamperometrie is then jumped back to the starting voltage and at the starting gear voltage in turn, depending on the time a current drop is measured and evaluated.
  • a current-voltage curve is recorded as a measure of a calmed state in step (c) and evaluated with regard to a current component not caused by diffusion to the electrochemical sensor.
  • a cyclic voltammogram is particularly advantageously recorded and the peak current I p at Hinsweep is evaluated to a reversal potential ⁇ ⁇ and the current ⁇ ⁇ at the reversal potential ⁇ ⁇ with respect to the current component not caused by diffusion to the electrochemical sensor.
  • a potential jump can be performed using the electrochemical sensor and a current-time curve obtained thereby to a non-diffusion-related proportion as a measure of a calmed state, i. a lack of reassurance, the aqueous liquid are evaluated.
  • the potential jump occurs in particular to a potential at which a component in the aqueous liquid is oxidized or reduced reversibly or irreversibly.
  • step (c) the resting of the detergent-containing aqueous liquid for a predetermined period At set .
  • the amount of which is in this case for determining At set an amount of the aqueous liquid, a loading amount of laundry and / or in step (b) by guided movement program takes into account, wherein a stored in the control device associated between the period At se t, aqueous fluid, the amount of laundry items and / or the movement program performed in step (b) is used.
  • the amount of aqueous liquid can be determined, for example, by measuring an amount of water introduced into the container by means of a water meter, taking into account the fraction of water introduced and the so-called free liquor can be determined if, for example, a hydrostatic pressure sensor is arranged in the container is and used to measure the hydrostatic pressure as a measure of the free fleet.
  • the load of laundry may be adjusted by a user or preferably determined automatically in the washing machine.
  • the determination of the loading amount by measuring the increase in weight of the drum due to the loading of laundry done or by analyzing the suction behavior of water by the change of hydrostatic pressure is analyzed during an addition of water to dry laundry.
  • a hydrostatic sensor is advantageously present in a washing machine according to the invention.
  • a water meter ie a measuring device for determining the amount of water charged, or the amount of charged wash liquor available.
  • the hydrostatic pressure p measured with the aid of the hydrostatic sensor can be compared with the filled-in amount of water.
  • the laundry items in the drum absorb water.
  • the absorbed water can not contribute to an increase of the hydrostatic pressure.
  • the absolute values and their temporal change - with corresponding, stored in the control device of the washing machine values for the moistening of laundry can be the load of laundry and possibly their fürfeuchtungsgrad (degree of wetting) determine.
  • the resting of the detergent-containing aqueous liquid until a predetermined, soaked state of the detergent-containing aqueous liquid has been reached takes into account the dependence of the electrochemical signals on an existing amount or concentration of foam. The presence and amount of foam can be determined in different ways.
  • the detection of foam in a washing machine can take place via a conductance measurement with two electrodes in the lower region of a container.
  • a foam detection when spinning a drum by means of an evaluation of the target / actual speed difference is possible.
  • foam can brake a rotating drum, whereby there is a difference between the target and the actual speed.
  • the association between a specific foam concentration and the target / actual speed difference is generally stored in the control device of the washing machine.
  • the presence of foam is detected by a pressure build-up during washing or spinning or by a much slower pressure decrease during pumping.
  • a pressure sensor in particular a hydrostatic pressure sensor, is used, which is also suitable for determining the water level in the container as described above.
  • a pressure sensor in particular a hydrostatic pressure sensor, is used, which is also suitable for determining the water level in the container as described above.
  • This can lead to measurement errors due to the imbalance of laundry and existing residual water that accumulates during spin, by simulating an apparent pressure increase. By the occurrence of pressure peaks, the presence of foam can be indicated, even if there is no foam. This is due to variations in pressure measurement with a sensor, with the errors in signal acquisition, conversion or processing also depending on whether a digital or analog controller is used.
  • foam can be detected in a washing machine by a signal S n measured by a sensor for determining a signal of a liquid contained in the container and possibly containing foam during rotation of the drum at a high speed U n and at a speed U n stored in the program control associated value are compared W n, wherein in the control device for at least two speeds pairs of values U n, and W are n (n> 1) are stored, and upon reaching or exceeding the value W n, that is, when the condition S n sW n , the presence of foam is registered.
  • the sensor can be an optical measuring system, a conductometric measuring system or a capacitive measuring system.
  • a hydrostatic pressure sensor in which a hydrostatic pressure p and / or a negative time gradient of the hydrostatic pressure (dp / dt), preferably a hydrostatic pressure p, of a liquid-air mixture in the container are measured as a signal.
  • the signal S n and the associated value W n are then in particular pressure values.
  • the presence of foam in the aqueous liquid is therefore determined with a hydrostatic pressure sensor and taken into account for the determination of the calmed state of the aqueous liquid.
  • the presence of foam also manifests itself in electrochemical signals. If foam is in front of the electrode, a measured current will normally drop. The number and duration of such sudden power drops can therefore be taken into account as a measure of existing foam, and the time period At for reassurance (also referred to as "reversing break” or "drum standstill phase”) can then be suitably extended until the foam concentration decreases to an acceptable level is.
  • the method used for the detection of foam will generally depend on which phase of a washing program, ie, in particular in a wetting phase, washing phase, rinsing phase or fabric softening phase, a sufficient calming of the aqueous solution is to be ensured so that meaningful electrochemical signals can be recorded.
  • a pressure sensor in particular a hydrostatic pressure sensor, is present in the washing machine used, a measured pressure increase during a settling phase, ie drum standstill phase, can be used as a measure for calming the aqueous liquid due to aqueous liquid dripping from the laundry items. The amount of dripping liquid will decrease with increasing time.
  • the predetermined period of time At set it can advantageously be provided according to the invention that it is checked with the aid of the electrochemical sensor whether there has actually been a sufficient calming of the aqueous liquid. As mentioned above, this can be done by determining a convection-related proportion of mass transport to the working electrode. If this is not the case, the predetermined period of time At set can be adapted and, in particular, extended. It can be advantageously provided that a maximum period At se t max is not exceeded. On reaching or exceeding of At se t max , the movement program of the drum is advantageously adapted and in particular the entry of mechanical energy is reduced. This can be achieved that for the rotational breaks of the drum no too long period is needed.
  • the entry of mechanical energy takes place via a suitable movement program of the drum.
  • the movement program in step (b) of the method according to the invention comprises in particular a switch-on time [in%], a duration of a reversing cycle [in seconds] and a rotational speed [rpm] of the drum.
  • the turn-on time is the temporal portion of a phase of a wash program during which the drum rotates.
  • This switch-on time is preferably 60 to 70%, for example, in a first rinsing step.
  • a reversing cycle is generally the period that results from the periods: rotating the drum in one direction, resting the drum, rotating the drum in the opposite direction, resting the drum.
  • step (d) For the determination of a sufficient calming and in particular the definition of a predetermined period of time at set , the type of electrochemical measuring method used in step (d) is advantageously also used, since electrochemical Measurement methods may require different measurement times and quiescent states of the aqueous liquid.
  • steps (c) and (d) are carried out in a wetting phase and / or in a rinsing phase.
  • Wetting phase is understood to mean the phase in a washing program in which items of laundry to be cleaned and in particular to be washed with wash liquor are wetted with a wash liquor to be used, generally up to a saturation of the laundry items with the wash liquor.
  • the laundry items are generally weak or not at all moved. It is therefore in a wetting phase generally only a small separation of dirt from the laundry to be washed.
  • a laundry drum in a wetting phase is preferably not rotated at a speed greater than 25 revolutions per minute.
  • wash liquor and " surfactant-containing aqueous liquor " have the same meaning in general.
  • surfactant as used herein means a single surfactant as well as a mixture of different surfactants.
  • the extent to which an aqueous fluid is moved by a program of motion and therefore a subsequent drum stoppage phase is required also depends on the presence and shape of laundry drivers in the drum. If the shape of the laundry pickups is asymmetrical, their contribution to the movement of the aqueous liquid at a given rotational speed of the drum will depend on the direction of rotation. Preferably, therefore, in an asymmetrical shape of laundry pickers inserted in the drum, at least the rotational direction of the drum is taken into account before a drum standstill phase.
  • step (c) and / or step (d) are taken into account taking into account the type and / or amount of soiling of the items of laundry performed, wherein in the control device, a relationship between the electrochemical signals and the detergent concentrations for different types and / or amounts of contaminants of the laundry is deposited.
  • contamination with oil would mean that, in particular, nonionic surfactants could dissolve more or less pronouncedly in the oil and would no longer be detected in a measurement of the detergent concentration.
  • ionic surfactants can be trapped to some extent by ion-containing contaminants, ie consumed, so that they are no longer detected in a measurement of electrochemical signals.
  • Type and / or amount of contamination can be set by a user of the washing machine or measured by suitable sensors.
  • the electrochemical sensor provided according to the invention e.g. Impedance sensor.
  • other sensors such as a turbidity sensor can also be used.
  • the electrochemical sensor is generally an electrode system of at least two electrodes.
  • a three-electrode arrangement consisting of a working electrode, a counter electrode and a reference electrode
  • the potential at the working electrode which is responsible for receiving the electrochemical signals, can be adjusted very precisely.
  • a single electrode system can be used for recording different electrochemical signals, that is, for example, for cyclic voltammetry or impedance spectroscopy, in which the electrochemical sensor is also referred to as an impedance sensor.
  • the electrochemical sensor in step (d) is preferably used as an impedance sensor.
  • the impedance sensor receives as electrochemical signals impedance signals.
  • the recording and evaluation of the impedance signals is generally carried out by the electrical impedance of the impedance sensor being subjected to varying frequencies and the Impedance signals are evaluated in terms of the phase angle ⁇ and the amount of impedance.
  • Phase angle ⁇ and the amount of impedance can then in turn be evaluated with regard to the type, amount and concentration of detergents, in particular of surfactants and, moreover, of micelle concentrations.
  • an impedance spectrum is generally recorded using a suitable electrode system as the impedance sensor.
  • the impedance of an electrochemical system is examined as a function of the frequency of an alternating voltage at the working electrode.
  • various representations are known to those skilled in the art, such as the Nyquist representation in which the real part or the imaginary part of the impedance is represented as a function of the applied AC voltage frequency.
  • the characterization of the impedance spectrum only a few characteristic points (see EP 2 767 825 A1) are generally suitable when examining wash liquors, for example at the maximum of the imaginary part in a lower frequency range or at the minimum of the imaginary part in an upper frequency range.
  • parameters typical for a detergent-containing aqueous liquid can generally be derived.
  • the conductivity of the liquid can be determined from the real part of a point.
  • the capacitance of the so-called conductivity measuring cell formed by the impedance sensor and the aqueous medium containing detergent is the flattening of a semicircle in the Nyquist plot, which can be determined by the ratio of height to width of the semicircle. The evaluation is done using formulas known to those skilled in the art.
  • the impedance signals are evaluated in terms of electrical conductivity as a measure of a water hardness of the aqueous liquid.
  • impedance signals are recorded with the impedance sensor, the recording and evaluation of the impedance signals being performed is by the electrical impedance sensor with varying frequencies is applied to the impedance sensor and the impedance signals are evaluated in terms of the phase angle ⁇ and the amount of impedance. It is particularly preferred that the recording of the impedance signal is carried out at a predetermined frequency of the AC voltage.
  • a wash phase generally follows a wetting phase. If a washing program is signaled that sufficient wetting of the laundry is given, for example, by reaching a predetermined threshold p-1 for the hydrostatic pressure p and a predetermined threshold value ( ⁇ / ⁇ ) - ⁇ for the time gradient of the hydrostatic pressure p, generally starts the washing phase.
  • a washing program in a washing phase, the monitoring of a detergent concentration with an electrochemical sensor makes sense. As a result, the consumption of detergent and thus a possible requirement for a subsequent dosing of detergent can be determined.
  • a washing program can be optimally adapted to a detected detergent concentration.
  • the invention also relates to a washing machine with a container, a drum for receiving laundry, a drive motor for the drum, an electrochemical sensor in the container for measuring an electrochemical signal in response to a composition of an aqueous liquid in the container, and a control device, wherein the control device is set up to carry out a method comprising the following steps:
  • step (D) Measurement of the concentration c th of a detergent in the provided in step (a) detergent-containing aqueous liquid by recording and evaluation of electrochemical signals of the electrochemical sensor using a stored in the controller relationship between electrochemical signals and detergent concentrations.
  • a washing machine is preferred in which a temperature sensor is arranged in the container and a relationship between electrochemical signals, for example impedance signals, and detergent concentrations is stored in the control device for various temperature values measured with the temperature sensor.
  • the washing machine according to the invention makes it possible to dispense with the turbidity sensor often present in a washing machine.
  • embodiments of the washing machine according to the invention may also be supplemented by a turbidity sensor.
  • a washing machine used herein generally also has a heater and a liquor drain system with a drain pump located at the bottom of a tub.
  • a washing machine used herein also generally includes laundry drippers and / or scooping devices.
  • the washing machine according to the invention may be a washing machine as such or a washer-dryer, ie a device which has the functions of a dryer and a washing machine.
  • the washing machine according to the invention preferably has an acoustic and / or optical display means for displaying one or more operating states.
  • An optical display means may be, for example, a liquid crystal display on which certain prompts or hints are given. It may also or alternatively light LEDs in one or more colors light up. For example, it can be displayed on the basis of differently colored representations whether a washing phase takes place at an optimum detergent concentration or not. Moreover, it can also be displayed whether the measurements with the electrochemical sensor are carried out in a sufficiently calmed aqueous liquid.
  • a user of the washing machine can be given an indication to nachzudosieren detergent, which in this case can also be a quantity.
  • the dosage recommendation is displayed on the display panel as such or a display panel thereof (collectively referred to as "display display").
  • the dosage recommendation can be displayed on the display in the form of a text and / or a sign.
  • An appropriate text would be, for example, the direct prompt "please dose” green "", where "green” is an indication of a dispensing aid, other colors may be mentioned or other indications may be given in textual form a color or a symbol may be displayed, for example a circle which may be filled to differentiate individual detergent quantities to varying degrees.
  • the knowledge of the amount of water flowing into the container or water liquor is important.
  • a measuring device for determining the filled amount of water is present, for example, a timing device for determining the opening period of a feed valve for the water or a liquid amount measuring device for measuring the amount of water filled.
  • the invention has numerous advantages.
  • a method for operating a washing machine in which the monitoring of, for example, the detergent concentration in the wash liquor by means of an electrochemical sensor, in particular an impedance sensor, takes place particularly accurately.
  • This is possible according to the invention by taking into account that an electrochemical measurement and in particular the measurement of an impedance signal with an impedance sensor can be disturbed and thus the measured impedance signal can be corrupted if the solution has not sufficiently calmed down at the time of measurement.
  • the invention makes it possible to precisely determine the surfactant concentration and the water hardness by means of an electrochemical sensor in a detergent-containing, in particular surfactant-containing aqueous liquid by especially impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry by adjusting pauses when reversing the drum during wetting, washing and rinsing Incorrect measurements by air bubbles trapped in the aqueous liquid, foam and currents to avoid.
  • an electrochemical sensor in a detergent-containing, in particular surfactant-containing aqueous liquid by especially impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry by adjusting pauses when reversing the drum during wetting, washing and rinsing
  • Incorrect measurements by air bubbles trapped in the aqueous liquid, foam and currents to avoid.
  • By more accurate determination of the actual detergent concentration in a wash program and related measures can be taken in good time on an over or under dosage of detergent. It can be prevented on the one hand, that it comes to a foaming of the washing machine
  • the invention is illustrated below with reference to a non-limiting embodiment shown in the single figure for a washing machine according to the invention. Shown is a schematic representation of relevant to the invention parts of the first embodiment of a washing machine according to the invention, in which a method according to the invention can be performed.
  • the washing machine 1 of the figure has a tub 2, in which a drum 3 is rotatably mounted and driven by the drive motor 5.
  • the axis of rotation 19 of the drum 3 is directed from the horizontal by a small angle (e.g., 13 °) forwardly upwards so that the user of the washing machine 1 has easier access and insight into the interior of the drum 3.
  • a small angle e.g. 13 °
  • the aqueous medium containing detergent e.g. Washing liquor
  • the Wäschemit clergy 16 are asymmetrical in the embodiment shown here, so that the aqueous liquid 7 is brought in the tub 2 at the same rotational speed of the drum 3 for the two possible directions of rotation of the drum 3 to varying degrees in motion. This influence is taken into account in the control device 8, so that a method according to the invention can be carried out even more precisely.
  • an impedance sensor 10 which is generally an electrode system of a plurality of electrodes, for example, two capacitor plates or a three-electrode arrangement.
  • an existing in the dispenser 12 detergent or an aqueous liquid containing this detergent can be analyzed to obtain information about the detergent and thus on the design of a washing program.
  • the washing machine 1 also has a liquor inlet system, which includes a water connection fitting for the domestic water network 20, an electrically controllable valve 21 and a supply line 13 to the tub 2, which may optionally be performed on the Waschstoffein réelleschale 12, from the incoming water detergent portions in the Lye container 2 can transport.
  • the valve 21 as well as the heater 16 can be controlled by a control device 8 in response to a program flowchart, the time program and / or the achievement of certain Measured values of parameters such as liquor level, liquor temperature, speed of the drum, etc. may be bound within the washing machine 1.
  • the washing machine 1 means a pressure sensor, ie a sensor for the measurement of the hydrostatic pressure, in the tub 2.
  • the hydrostatic pressure p results from the level of the forming in the tub 2 free fleet 7.
  • the washing machine 1 comprises a measuring device 15 for determining the filled amount of water, such as a water meter or a flow meter. In the case of a flow meter, the amount of water flowed in is calculated in conjunction with a detected filling time. The flow can also be determined by measuring the time to reach a given level height, which corresponds to a certain fixed amount of water. 18 denotes a drain pump for pumping off the wash liquor 7.
  • 9 denotes an electrochemical sensor in the tub 2, with which various electrochemical measurements can be performed, such as voltammetric measurements or impedance measurements.
  • the electrochemical sensor is used as an impedance sensor, wherein the structure of electrodes and the implementation and evaluation of the impedance sensor measured impedance signals is not shown here in detail.
  • the electrochemical signals of the electrochemical sensor 9 and optionally of the impedance sensor 10 and the rotational speed of the drum 2, their loading with laundry items 4, the hydrostatic pressure, etc., and the measured values are fed to the control device 8.
  • the implementation of the method according to the invention includes the following steps:
  • step (D) Measurement of the concentration c th of a detergent in the provided in step (a) detergent-containing aqueous liquid 7 by recording and evaluation of electrochemical signals of the electrochemical sensor 9 using a stored in the controller 8 relationship between electrochemical signals and detergent concentrations.
  • step (c) the resting of the detergent-containing liquid 7 is preferably monitored by the electrochemical sensor 9, whereby a measurement by cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry or impedance spectroscopy is preferably carried out to determine a predetermined calmed state of the detergent-containing liquid 7.
  • step (d) in the embodiment shown here, the measurement of the concentration c th of a detergent in the aqueous liquid 7 containing detergent takes place by recording and evaluating impedance signals of the electrochemical sensor 9 functioning as an impedance sensor 9, wherein a control device 8 in the control device 8 deposited relationship between impedance signals and
  • 1 1 means a display device with which process parameters, in particular a drainage of a washing program with optimal use of detergent (eg represented by a green light-emitting diode) or under non-optimal use of detergent (eg represented by a red light-emitting diode), can be displayed.
  • a dosage recommendation for a user of the washing machine can also be displayed.
  • electrochemical sensor in the tub e.g. Impedance sensor

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Washing Machine And Dryer (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé pour faire fonctionner un lave-linge (1) comprenant une cuve (2), un tambour (3) accueillant les pièces de linge (4), un moteur d'entraînement pour le tambour (3), un capteur électrochimique (9) disposé dans la cuve (2) pour la mesure d'un signal électrochimique en fonction de la composition d'un liquide aqueux (7) présent dans la cuve (2), et une unité de commande (8), ledit procédé consistant à mettre en oeuvre les étapes suivantes: a) fourniture d'un liquide aqueux (7) contenant un produit de lessive dans la cuve (7); (b) entraînement du tambour (3) en rotation selon un programme d'entraînement prédéterminé; (c) arrêt du mouvement de rotation du tambour (3) et maintien du liquide aqueux (7) contenant du produit de lessive au repos jusqu'à ce qu'un état calmé prédéterminé du liquide aqueux (7) contenant du produit de lessive soit atteint; et (d) mesure de la concentration cten en produit de lessive du liquide aqueux (7) contenant du produit de lessive fourni à l'étape (a), par acquisition et analyse des signaux du capteur électrochimique (9) par l'application d'une correspondance entre les signaux électrochimiques et la concentration de produit de lessive, stockée dans l'unité de commande (8). L'invention concerne également un lave-linge (1) approprié pour la mise en oeuvre dudit procédé.
PCT/EP2016/053097 2015-03-13 2016-02-15 Procédé pour faire fonctionner un lave-linge avec un capteur électrochimique et lave-linge pour la mise en oeuvre dudit procédé WO2016146313A1 (fr)

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CN201680015518.XA CN107407034B (zh) 2015-03-13 2016-02-15 用于运行具有电化学传感器的洗衣机的方法以及洗衣机
EP16704234.0A EP3268529B1 (fr) 2015-03-13 2016-02-15 Procédé pour faire fonctionner un lave-linge avec un capteur électrochimique et lave-linge pour la mise en oeuvre dudit procédé

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DE102015204540.4 2015-03-13
DE102015204540.4A DE102015204540A1 (de) 2015-03-13 2015-03-13 Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Waschmaschine mit einem elektrochemischen Sensor sowie hierzu geeignete Waschmaschine

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EP3536844A1 (fr) * 2018-03-09 2019-09-11 BSH Hausgeräte GmbH Procédé de traitement de linge dans un lave-linge et lave-linge correspondant
US11225746B2 (en) 2018-08-27 2022-01-18 Ecolab Usa Inc. System and technique for extracting particulate-containing liquid samples without filtration

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DE102018112049A1 (de) * 2018-05-18 2019-11-21 Rational Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Gargeräts sowie Gargerät
JP7169790B2 (ja) * 2018-07-02 2022-11-11 東芝ライフスタイル株式会社 洗濯機
KR20210037305A (ko) * 2019-09-27 2021-04-06 엘지전자 주식회사 의류처리장치 및 이의 제어방법
CN114075744A (zh) * 2020-08-11 2022-02-22 合肥美的洗衣机有限公司 衣物处理设备及其控制方法、装置和存储介质
CN113065741B (zh) * 2021-03-02 2024-03-29 苏州三君智能科技有限公司 洗涤剂自动配送***、洗涤剂配送方法和洗涤剂投放设备
JP2024016745A (ja) * 2022-07-26 2024-02-07 青島海爾洗衣机有限公司 ドラム式洗濯機

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EP3536844A1 (fr) * 2018-03-09 2019-09-11 BSH Hausgeräte GmbH Procédé de traitement de linge dans un lave-linge et lave-linge correspondant
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US11739460B2 (en) 2018-08-27 2023-08-29 Ecolab Usa Inc. System and technique for extracting particulate-containing liquid samples without filtration

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CN107407034A (zh) 2017-11-28
DE102015204540A1 (de) 2016-09-15
CN107407034B (zh) 2020-03-03
EP3268529B1 (fr) 2024-02-14

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