WO2016141746A1 - 防鸟啄光缆、防鸟啄电缆及其制作方法 - Google Patents
防鸟啄光缆、防鸟啄电缆及其制作方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016141746A1 WO2016141746A1 PCT/CN2015/098000 CN2015098000W WO2016141746A1 WO 2016141746 A1 WO2016141746 A1 WO 2016141746A1 CN 2015098000 W CN2015098000 W CN 2015098000W WO 2016141746 A1 WO2016141746 A1 WO 2016141746A1
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- density polyethylene
- sheath
- loose tube
- cable
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4479—Manufacturing methods of optical cables
- G02B6/4486—Protective covering
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4401—Optical cables
- G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
- G02B6/443—Protective covering
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4401—Optical cables
- G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
- G02B6/443—Protective covering
- G02B6/4432—Protective covering with fibre reinforcements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4401—Optical cables
- G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
- G02B6/44384—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables the means comprising water blocking or hydrophobic materials
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4479—Manufacturing methods of optical cables
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/22—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers
- H01B13/24—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers by extrusion
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/22—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers
- H01B13/26—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers by winding, braiding or longitudinal lapping
- H01B13/2613—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers by winding, braiding or longitudinal lapping by longitudinal lapping
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
- H01B7/1805—Protections not provided for in groups H01B7/182 - H01B7/26
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
- H01B7/187—Sheaths comprising extruded non-metallic layers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of cable technology, and more particularly to an anti-bird cable, an anti-bird cable, and a corresponding manufacturing method thereof.
- the name is: anti-bird ⁇ 8-shaped photoelectric composite cable, authorization announcement number: CN202041686U patent, sheath, copper wire cushion, copper wire, loose-fitting composite, optical fiber, loose tube, core filling compound
- the reinforcing cushion layer, the reinforcing member, the auxiliary reinforcing member and the moisture barrier layer are composed, the optical fiber is in the loose sleeve, the loose sleeve is wrapped around the reinforcing member, and is wrapped by the belt, and the core filling compound is wrapped in the belt, and the belt is wrapped.
- Outside is a moisture barrier layer that forms a core and a copper wire bead sheath wrapped with copper conductors that are sheathed to form a figure-eight sheath with a red jacket. It can effectively protect the cable from being overhead.
- the name is: anti-bird indoor and outdoor integrated opto-electric hybrid optical cable, authorization announcement number: CN203165550U patent, which includes flame-retardant sheath material, optical fiber, reinforcement, wire, plastic coated tape, insulation layer and red PE
- the sheath, the optical fiber 7 is in the center of the flame-retardant sheath material 6, and the reinforcing member 5 is on both sides.
- the wire 4 is longitudinally wrapped with the plastic composite tape 3 and then stranded with the flame-retardant sheath material 6 and protected by a red PE.
- This product is mainly used in the connection between the mobile base station and the transmitting tower and the connection in the equipment room. It can achieve the effect of avoiding local power outage or battery pack failure and causing the base station to be powered off. Reduce network construction costs, avoid secondary wiring, and prevent bird cockroaches. .
- the cost of the outer layer of the nylon sheathing material itself is 15-20 times that of the polyethylene sheathing material, and the processing speed is extremely slow, the yield of the finished product is only about 50%, and the thickness of one molding process is only It can be below 0.8mm and requires multiple processing to meet the requirements of flood control.
- the outer layer is made of a high-density or high-molecular polyolefin sheath, which is a conventional material in the prior art, and it has proven to be extremely difficult to effectively resist bird invasion.
- One of the objects of the present invention is to disclose an anti-bird cable;
- the fourth object of the present invention is to disclose a method for manufacturing an anti-bird cable; they are implemented by the following technical solutions.
- the anti-bird cable comprises a plurality of loose tubes 2 distributed outside the reinforcing member 3, a protective layer 4 located outside the loose tube, and located outside the protective layer.
- the inner sheath 5, the outer sheath 7 outside the inner sheath, each of the loose tubes comprises at least one optical fiber 1, characterized in that an anti-mite layer 6 is disposed between the inner sheath and the outer sheath.
- the anti-mite layer is composed of the following raw materials by weight: medium density polyethylene or low density polyethylene or high density polyethylene: 50 to 80 parts; epoxy resin of grade 617 or grade 677: 10 ⁇ 20 An ultrafine steel fiber having a diameter of 10 to 80 ⁇ m, a length/diameter ratio of 5 to 20, or a glass fiber having a length of 0.1 to 1 mm, a diameter of 0.03 to 1 mm, or a diameter of 6.5 to 260 ⁇ m, and a length of 0.03 to 1 mm.
- Silica fiber 40 ⁇ 60 parts; EVA hot melt adhesive: 5 ⁇ 10 parts; Model 101 0 cable sheath with antioxidant: 3 ⁇ 5 parts; Aluminum hydroxide: 15 ⁇ 25 parts; Paraffin: 3 ⁇ 9 parts; carbon black masterbatch: 5 to 10 parts.
- a method for fabricating an anti-bird cable in a preferred embodiment of the present invention characterized in that it comprises the following steps [0010] Step 1: Making a colored fiber: Coloring the bare optical fiber into a colored fiber of different colors; [0011] Step 2: Making a loose tube: forming a loose sleeve by a secondary coating extruder Tube, and put the colored fiber of different colors into the loose tube, and wrap to form the loose tube finished product, so that the length of the colored fiber in the loose tube is 1.002 ⁇ 1.015 times the length of the loose tube, the material of the loose tube For polybutylene terephthalate or modified polypropylene, a loose tube is made, and a loose tube extrusion special masterbatch is added to the material of the loose tube; repeatedly, multiple pines of different colors are formed. casing;
- the third step the steps of making the optical cable core: the plurality of loose tubes produced in the second step, the purchased reinforcements are cabled in the SZ twisted cable machine, so that the reinforcing members are located in the center, The root loose tube is located outside the reinforcing member, and the pitch of the loose tube SZ stranded is 9 to 18 times the sum of the diameter of the reinforcing member and the loose tube;
- Step 4 Step of fabricating the inner sheath: firstly coating the steel strip or the aluminum strip material longitudinally on the outer side of the optical cable core formed in the third step to form a protective layer, and then extruding the low density polyethylene outside the protective layer Or medium density polyethylene or high density polyethylene material to form an inner sheath, the thickness of the inner sheath is 0.8 ⁇ 2.0mm;
- the fifth step the step of preparing the anti-mite layer: extruding the anti-mite layer having a thickness of 1.0 to 3.0 mm outside the inner sheath formed by the fourth step by the sheath extruder, and the anti-mite layer is pressed
- the anti-mite layer consisting of the following materials: medium-density polyethylene or low-density polyethylene or high-density polyethylene: 50 to 80 parts; epoxy resin of grade 617 or grade 677: 10 to 20 parts; Ultrafine steel fiber having a diameter of 10 to 80 ⁇ m, a length/diameter ratio of 5 to 20, or a glass fiber having a length of 0.1 to 1 mm and a diameter of 0.03 to 1 mm or a diameter of 6.5 to 2 60 ⁇ m and a length of 0.03 to 1 mm.
- Silicon fiber 40 ⁇ 60 parts; EVA hot melt adhesive: 5 ⁇ 10 parts; Model 1010 cable sheath with antioxidant: 3 ⁇ 5 parts; Aluminum hydroxide: 15 ⁇ 25 parts; Paraffin: 3 ⁇ 9 parts ; carbon black masterbatch: 5 ⁇ 10 parts;
- Step 6 Step of fabricating the outer sheath: extrusion coating the outer sheath material outside the anti-mite layer formed by the sheath extrusion machine in the fifth step, the outer sheath thickness is 1.4 to 3.0 mm;
- the material of the sheath is low density polyethylene or medium density polyethylene or high density polyethylene.
- the anti-mite layer since the anti-mite layer has a special formula, on the one hand, it can be extruded by an extruder, the processing is convenient, and the production speed is fast, and the diameter of the ⁇ 90 extruder is 25 mm or less.
- Cables and optical cables speeds up to 60 m / min, and high yield of finished products, due to ultra-fine steel fiber or glass fiber or silica fiber in the anti-mite layer, it has strong stab wound performance, birds carry out ⁇ After the first hit, it will hurt and smash, so there is no desire to slam again, so that the cable is effectively protected. After nearly three years of use in the forest area, there is no longer any cable or cable damaged by birds. The power and communication accidents are interrupted. Similarly, the anti-mite layer of the present invention has strong side pressure and impact resistance.
- the present invention is easy to manufacture and does not require the addition of expensive equipment.
- the present invention has the following main beneficial effects: easy production, good anti-smashing effect, fast production speed, high qualified rate of finished products, more withstand voltage and more impact resistance.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of an anti-bird cable in an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of an anti-bird cable in an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of an anti-bird cable in an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of an anti-bird cable in an embodiment of the present invention.
- an anti-bird cable which comprises four loose tubes distributed outside the reinforcing member 2, a protective layer 4 outside the loose tube, and an inner protective layer outside the protective layer.
- each of the loose tubes comprises six optical fibers 1 , characterized in that there is a tamper-proof layer 6 between the inner sheath and the outer sheath,
- the loose tube of the present embodiment may be a plurality of fibers, and each of the loose tubes includes at least one optical fiber.
- a method for manufacturing an anti-bird cable characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
- Step 1 preparing a colored fiber: coloring the bare optical fiber into colored fibers of different colors;
- Step 2 Step of making a loose tube: forming a loose tube by a secondary coating extruder, and placing colored fibers of different colors into a loose tube, winding to form a loose tube finished product, and coloring
- the length of the fiber in the loose tube is 1.002 ⁇ 1.015 times the length of the loose tube.
- the material of the loose tube is polybutylene terephthalate or modified polypropylene, and the loose tube is made in the loose tube. Add loose tube to extrude special masterbatch in the material; repeatedly, form a plurality of loose tubes of different colors;
- the third step the step of making the optical cable core: the plurality of loose tubes produced in the second step, the purchased reinforcements are cabled in the SZ twisted cable machine, so that the reinforcing members are located in the center, The root loose tube is located outside the reinforcing member, and the pitch of the loose tube SZ stranded is 9 to 18 times the sum of the diameter of the reinforcing member and the loose tube;
- Step 4 Step of making the inner sheath: Firstly, the steel strip or the aluminum strip material is longitudinally coated on the outer side of the optical cable core formed in the third step to form a protective layer, and then the low density polyethylene is extruded outside the protective layer. Or medium density polyethylene or high density polyethylene material to form an inner sheath, the thickness of the inner sheath is 0.8 ⁇ 2.0mm;
- the fifth step the step of preparing the anti-mite layer: extruding the anti-mite layer having a thickness of 1.0 to 3.0 mm outside the inner sheath layer formed in the fourth step by the sheath extruder, and the anti-mite layer is pressed
- the anti-mite layer consisting of the following materials: medium-density polyethylene or low-density polyethylene or high-density polyethylene: 50 to 80 parts; epoxy resin of grade 617 or grade 677: 10 to 20 parts; Ultrafine steel fiber having a diameter of 10 to 80 ⁇ m, a length/diameter ratio of 5 to 20, or a glass fiber having a length of 0.1 to 1 mm and a diameter of 0.03 to 1 mm or a diameter of 6.5 to 2 60 ⁇ m and a length of 0.03 to 1 mm.
- Silicon fiber 40 ⁇ 60 parts; EVA hot melt adhesive: 5 ⁇ 10 parts; Model 1010 cable sheath with antioxidant: 3 ⁇ 5 parts; Aluminum hydroxide: 15 ⁇ 25 parts; Paraffin: 3 ⁇ 9 parts ; carbon black masterbatch: 5 ⁇ 10 parts;
- Step 6 Step of making the outer sheath: extrusion coating the outer sheath material outside the anti-mite layer formed by the sheath extrusion machine in the fifth step, the outer sheath thickness is 1.4 to 3.0 mm;
- the material of the sheath is low density polyethylene or medium density polyethylene or high density polyethylene.
- the anti-bird cable which comprises four loose tubes 2 and a large filling rope 21 distributed outside the reinforcing member 3, and a protective layer outside the loose tube and the large filling rope. 4.
- the loose tube in the embodiment may be a plurality of at least one; each of the loose tubes contains at least one optical fiber; and at least one large filled rope.
- the manufacturing method of the anti-bird cable in the embodiment is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
- Step 1 Making a colored fiber: Coloring the bare optical fiber into a colored fiber of a different color
- Step 2 Making a loose tube: forming a loose sleeve by a secondary coating extruder Tube, and put the colored fiber of different colors into the loose tube, and wrap to form the loose tube finished product, so that the length of the colored fiber in the loose tube is 1.002 ⁇ 1.015 times the length of the loose tube, the material of the loose tube For polybutylene terephthalate or modified polypropylene, a loose tube is made, and a loose tube extrusion special masterbatch is added to the material of the loose tube; repeatedly, multiple pines of different colors are formed.
- Step 3 Step of making a large filling rope: Put a mixture of polypropylene or polyethylene or 85% by weight of polypropylene and 15% by weight of polyethylene into a ⁇ 45 or ⁇ 60 extruder, extruding Stretching to form a large filled rope having a diameter as large as the loose tube obtained in the second step;
- Step 4 Steps of making the cable core:
- the plurality of loose tubes produced in the second step, the purchased reinforcements, and the large filling ropes obtained in the third step are in the SZ twisted cable machine.
- the cable is formed so that the reinforcing member is located at the center, the plurality of loose tubes and the large filling rope are located outside the reinforcing member, and the pitch of the SZ stranding is 9 to 18 times the sum of the diameters of the reinforcing member and the loose tube;
- Step 5 Step of making the inner sheath: Firstly, the steel strip or the aluminum strip material is longitudinally coated on the outer side of the optical cable core formed in the fourth step to form a protective layer, and then the low density polyethylene is extruded outside the protective layer. Or medium density polyethylene or high density polyethylene material to form an inner sheath, the thickness of the inner sheath is 0.8 ⁇ 2.0mm;
- Step 6 Step of making the anti-mite layer: Extruding the thickness outside the inner sheath formed by the sheath extruder by the fifth step
- the anti-mite layer having a thickness of 1.0 to 3.0 mm
- the anti-mite layer is a mooring layer composed of the following materials by weight: medium density polyethylene or low density polyethylene or high density polyethylene: 50 to 80 parts ; Epoxy resin with grade 617 or grade 677: 10 ⁇ 20 parts; ultra-fine steel fiber with diameter of 10 ⁇ 80 ⁇ , length/diameter ratio of 5 ⁇ 20 or length of 0.1 ⁇ lmm, diameter of 0.03 ⁇ lmm Glass fiber or silica fiber with a diameter of 6.5 ⁇ 2 60 ⁇ and a length of 0.03 ⁇ lmm: 40 ⁇ 60 parts; EVA hot melt adhesive: 5 ⁇ 10 parts; Model 1010 cable sheath with antioxidant: 3 ⁇ 5 parts; aluminum hydroxide: 15 ⁇ 25 parts; paraffin: 3 ⁇ 9 parts; carbon black masterbatch: 5 ⁇ 10 parts;
- Step 7 Step of making the outer sheath: extrusion coating the outer sheath material outside the anti-mite layer formed by the sheath extrusion machine in the sixth step, the outer sheath thickness is 1.4 to 3.0 mm;
- the material of the sheath is low density polyethylene or medium density polyethylene or high density polyethylene.
- the anti-bird cable which comprises four loose tubes 2 distributed outside the reinforcing member 2, 2 small filling ropes 22 located in the outer gap of the adjacent loose tubes, and a loose sleeve.
- a protective layer 4 outside the tube and the small filling cord an inner sheath 5 located outside the protective layer, an outer sheath 7 outside the inner sheath, each of the loose tubes comprising sixteen optical fibers 1
- the optical fiber is located in the optical fiber ribbon, and the optical fiber ribbon is located in the loose tube.
- the optical fiber ribbon is characterized by a tamper-proof layer 6 between the inner sheath and the outer sheath.
- the anti-mite layer is composed of the following raw materials by weight: Density polyethylene or low density polyethylene or high density polyethylene: 50 ⁇ 80 parts; epoxy resin with grade 617 or grade 677: 10 ⁇ 20 parts; diameter 10 ⁇ 80 ⁇ , length/diameter ratio 5 ⁇ 20 Ultrafine steel fiber or glass fiber having a length of 0.1 to 1 mm and a diameter of 0.03 to 1 mm or a silica fiber having a diameter of 6.5 to 2 60 ⁇ m and a length of 0.03 to 1 mm: 40 to 60 parts; EVA hot melt adhesive: 5 ⁇ 10 parts; Anti-oxidant for cable sheathing type 1010: 3 ⁇ 5 parts; aluminum hydroxide : 15 to 25 parts; Paraffin: 3 to 9 parts; Carbon black masterbatch: 5 to 10 parts.
- the loose tube of the present embodiment may be a plurality of at least one; each of the loose tubes contains at least one optical fiber.
- the optical cable in this embodiment may also be an anti-bird cable as in the second embodiment, which includes at least one loose tube 2 and at least one large filling rope distributed outside the reinforcing member 3, Small filling ropes located in the outer gap of the adjacent loose tube or in the outer gap of the adjacent large filling rope or in the outer gap of the adjacent loose tube and the large filling rope, in the loose tube and the large filling rope And a protective layer 4 outside the small filling rope, an inner sheath 5 located outside the protective layer, an outer sheath 7 outside the inner sheath, each of the loose tubes containing at least one light a guide fiber 1, the optical fiber is located in the optical fiber ribbon, and the optical fiber ribbon is located in the loose tube, and is characterized in that an anti-mite layer 6 is disposed between the inner sheath and the outer sheath, and the anti-mite layer is in parts by weight.
- medium density polyethylene or low density polyethylene or high density polyethylene 50 ⁇ 80 parts; epoxy resin with grade 617 or grade 677: 10 ⁇ 20 parts; diameter 10 ⁇ 80 ⁇ , length / Ultrafine steel fibers having a diameter ratio of 5 to 20 or glass fibers having a length of 0.1 to 1 mm and a diameter of 0.03 to 1 mm or silica fibers having a diameter of 6.5 to 260 ⁇ m and a length of 0.03 to 1 mm: 40 to 60 parts; EVA hot melt adhesive: 5 ⁇ 10 parts; Model 1010 cable sheath with antioxidant: 3 ⁇ 5 parts; Aluminum hydroxide: 15 ⁇ 25 parts; Paraffin: 3 ⁇ 9 parts; Carbon black masterbatch: 5 ⁇ 10 copies.
- the loose tube of the present embodiment may be a plurality of at least one; each of the loose tubes contains at least one optical fiber; and at least one large filled rope.
- the anti-bird cable of the present embodiment can be manufactured by referring to Embodiment 1 and the actual example 2, except that after the coloring is completed, an optical fiber ribbon manufacturing step is performed, and the colored fiber is banded to form an optical fiber ribbon, and then During the formation of the loose tube, the ribbon is placed into the loose tube.
- the anti-bird cable in the present embodiment is made of ⁇ , with a small filling rope ⁇ , in the SZ cable ⁇ , the small filling rope is placed in the outer gap of the adjacent loose tube or the adjacent large filling rope In the outer gap or in the outer gap of the adjacent loose tube and the large filling rope.
- an anti-bird cable which comprises a loose tube 2, a water blocking layer 8 outside the loose tube, a protective layer 4 outside the water blocking layer, and a reinforcement outside the protective layer.
- Item 3 an outer sheath 7 outside the reinforcing member and the protective layer, the loose tube contains twelve optical fibers 1 , and the optical fibers are distributed in a loose form in the loose tube or placed in the loose tube
- the optical fiber ribbon is characterized in that a tamper-proof layer 6 is disposed between the protective layer and the outer sheath, and the reinforcing member is located in the tamper-proof layer, and the tamper-proof layer is composed of the following raw materials by weight: medium density poly Ethylene or low density polyethylene or high density polyethylene: 50 ⁇ 80 parts; epoxy resin with grade 6 17 or grade 677: 10 ⁇ 20 parts; diameter 10 ⁇ 80 ⁇ , length/diameter ratio 5 ⁇ 20 Ultrafine steel fiber or glass fiber having a length of 0.1 to 1 mm, a
- the loose tube described in this embodiment includes at least one optical fiber.
- the manufacturing method of the anti-bird cable in the embodiment is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
- Step 1 Making a colored fiber: Coloring the bare optical fiber into a colored fiber of a different color
- Step 2 Making a loose tube: forming a loose sleeve by a secondary coating extruder Tube, and put the colored fiber of different colors into the loose tube, and wrap to form the loose tube finished product, so that the length of the colored fiber in the loose tube is 1.002 ⁇ 1.015 times the length of the loose tube, the material of the loose tube For polybutylene terephthalate or modified polypropylene, make loose tube ⁇ add loose tube extrusion special masterbatch in the material of loose tube
- the third step the step of making the anti-mite layer: firstly taking the water blocking tape or the water blocking yarn material to cover the loose tube formed in the second step to form a water blocking layer; then taking the steel strip or the aluminum strip longitudinally A protective layer is formed on the outside of the water blocking layer; two reinforcing sheets are placed outside the protective layer; and then the sheathing extruder is used to extrude the thickness of the protective layer and the reinforcing member to a thickness of 1.0 to 3.0 mm.
- the anti-mite layer is a tamper-proof layer composed of the following materials: medium-density polyethylene or low-density polyethylene or high-density polyethylene: 50 to 80 parts; grade 6 17 or grade 677 5 ⁇ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
- the fourth step the step of making the outer sheath: extrusion coating the outer sheath material outside the anti-mite layer formed by the sheath extruder in the third step;
- the outer sheath material is low density polyethylene or Medium density polyethylene or high density polyethylene or nylon 12; when the outer sheath material is low density polyethylene or medium density polyethylene or high density polyethylene crucible, the outer sheath thickness is 1.0 ⁇ 3.0mm;
- the material is nylon 12 ⁇ , the outer sheath thickness is 0.4 ⁇ 0 • 8mm°
- the anti-bird cable which comprises a loose tube 2, a plurality of reinforcing members 3 located outside the loose tube and covering the loose tube as a whole, and fixing the plurality of reinforcing members.
- the dressing layer 9, the inner sheath 5 outside the dressing layer, the outer sheath 7 outside the inner sheath, the loose sleeve contains twelve optical fibers 1, and the optical fibers are distributed in loose form in the loose sleeve In the tube or in the ribbon of the fiber placed in the loose tube, characterized Between the inner sheath and the outer sheath, there is a tamper-proof layer 6, which is composed of the following raw materials by weight: medium-density polyethylene or low-density polyethylene or high-density polyethylene: 50 ⁇ 80 parts; epoxy resin with grade 617 or grade 677: 10 ⁇ 20 parts; ultra-fine steel fiber with diameter of 10 ⁇ 80 ⁇ , length/diameter ratio of 5 ⁇ 20 or length of 0.1 ⁇ lmm, diameter 0.
- the above-mentioned anti-bird cable is characterized in that the material of the wrapping layer is a polyester yarn or other yarn material having a certain strength, which is wrapped by a plurality of reinforcing members by spiral winding. In addition, the positions of the plurality of reinforcing members are relatively fixed.
- the loose tube described in this embodiment includes at least one optical fiber.
- the manufacturing method of the anti-bird cable in the embodiment is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
- Step 1 Making a colored fiber: Coloring the bare optical fiber into colored fibers of different colors;
- Step 2 Making a loose tube: forming a loose sleeve by a secondary coating extruder Tube, and put the colored fiber of different colors into the loose tube, and wrap to form the loose tube finished product, so that the length of the colored fiber in the loose tube is 1.002 ⁇ 1.015 times the length of the loose tube, the material of the loose tube For polybutylene terephthalate or modified polypropylene, make loose tube ⁇ add loose tube extrusion special masterbatch in the material of loose tube
- the third step the step of making the dressing layer: firstly, the purchased plurality of reinforcing members are integrally coated on the loose tube formed in the second step, and the plurality of reinforcing members are covered by the spiral stranding, the spiral
- the pitch of the stranding is 100 ⁇ 30 times the diameter of the reinforcing member, and the reinforcing member is steel wire or glass fiber reinforced plastic; then the obtained polyester yarn or other yarn with a certain strength is spiraled at a pitch of 20 ⁇ 50mm. Wrap wrapping around the reinforcement to form a wrap layer;
- Step 4 Step of making the inner sheath: extrusion-molding low-density polyethylene or medium-density polyethylene or high-density polyethylene material to form the inner sheath outside the wrapping layer formed in the third step, the inner sheath
- the thickness of the layer is 0.8 ⁇ 2.0mm;
- the fifth step the step of preparing the anti-mite layer: extruding the anti-mite layer having a thickness of 1.0 to 3.0 mm outside the inner sheath formed by the fourth step by the sheath extruder, and the anti-mite layer is pressed In parts by weight, consisting of the following raw materials ⁇ layer: medium density polyethylene or low density polyethylene or high density polyethylene: 50 ⁇ 80 parts; epoxy resin with grade 617 or grade 677: 10 ⁇ 20 parts; diameter 10 ⁇ 80 ⁇ , length/diameter ratio 5 to 20 ultrafine steel fibers or glass fibers having a length of 0.1 to 1 mm, a diameter of 0.03 to 1 mm, or a silica fiber having a diameter of 6.5 to 2 60 ⁇ m and a length of 0.03 to 1 mm: 40 to 60 parts; EVA heat Melt: 5 ⁇ 10 parts; Antioxidant for cable sheath of type 1010: 3 ⁇ 5 parts; Aluminum hydroxide: 15 ⁇ 25 parts; Paraffin: 3 ⁇ 9 parts
- Step 6 Step of making the outer sheath: extrusion coating the outer sheath material outside the anti-mite layer formed by the sheath extruder in the fifth step; the outer sheath material is low density polyethylene or Medium density polyethylene or high density polyethylene or nylon 12; when the outer sheath material is low density polyethylene or medium density polyethylene or high density polyethylene crucible, the outer sheath thickness is 1.0 ⁇ 3.0mm; The material is nylon 12 ⁇ , the outer sheath thickness is 0.4 ⁇ 0 • 8mm°
- the anti-bird cable includes a cable core and an outer sheath located at the outermost layer, and is characterized in that an inner layer of the outer sheath has a tamper-proof layer, or The inner portion of the outer sheath has a tamper-proof layer, and has a protective layer inside the tamper-proof layer;
- the tamper-proof layer is composed of the following raw materials by weight: medium-density polyethylene or low-density polyethylene or High-density polyethylene: 50 ⁇ 80 parts; Epoxy resin with grade 617 or grade 677: 10 ⁇ 20 parts; ultra-fine steel fiber with diameter of 10 ⁇ 80 ⁇ , length/diameter ratio of 5 ⁇ 20 or length of 0.1 ⁇ lmm, glass fiber with diameter 0.03 ⁇ lmm or silica fiber with diameter 6.5 ⁇ 260 ⁇ , length 0.03 ⁇ lmm: 40 ⁇ 60 parts; EVA hot melt adhesive: 5 ⁇ 10 parts; cable of model 1010 Antioxidant for sheath
- the anti-birdcluster cable described above is characterized in that it is produced by the following steps:
- the first step using the prior art to make a cable core, the cable core is a cable core or cable;
- Step 2 Step of preparing a tamper-proof layer: extruding a smash-proof layer having a thickness of 1.0 to 3.0 mm outside the cable core formed by the first step by a sheath extruder; or taking a steel strip or aluminum
- the longitudinal coating of the strip material forms a protective layer outside the core of the core core formed in the first step, and then the sheath extruder extrudes the anti-mite layer having a thickness of 1.0 to 3.0 mm outside the protective layer
- Moisture-proof layer consisting of the following materials: medium density polyethylene or low density polyethylene or high density polyethylene: 50 to 80 parts; grade 617 or grade 677 Epoxy resin: 10 to 20 parts; ultrafine steel fiber having a diameter of 10 to 80 ⁇ m, length/diameter ratio of 5 to 20, or glass fiber having a length of 0.1 to 1 mm, a diameter of 0.03 to 1 mm, or a diameter of 6.5 to 260 ⁇ m, Silica fiber with a length of 0.
- the third step the step of making the outer sheath: extrusion coating the outer sheath material outside the anti-mite layer formed by the second step by the sheath extruder; the outer sheath material is low density polyethylene or Medium density polyethylene or high density polyethylene or nylon 12; when the outer sheath material is low density polyethylene or medium density polyethylene or high density polyethylene crucible, the outer sheath thickness is 1.0 ⁇ 3.0mm; The material is nylon 12 ⁇ , the outer sheath thickness is 0.4 ⁇ 0 • 8mm°
- the anti-bird cable or the anti-bird cable according to any of the above embodiments, characterized in that the optimal embodiment of the anti-mite layer is: an anti-mite layer composed of the following raw materials by weight : Medium density polyethylene or low density polyethylene or high density polyethylene: 50 parts; Epoxy resin grade 617 or grade 677: 10 parts; diameter 10 ⁇ 80 ⁇ , length/diameter ratio 5 ⁇ 20 Ultrafine steel fiber or glass fiber having a length of 0.1 to 1 mm and a diameter of 0.03 to 1 mm or a silica fiber having a diameter of 6.5 to 260 ⁇ m and a length of 0.03 to 1 mm: 40 parts; EVA hot melt adhesive: 5 parts; 1010 cable sheathing antioxidant: 3 parts; aluminum hydroxide: 15 parts; paraffin: 3 parts; carbon black masterbatch: 5 parts.
- an anti-mite layer composed of the following raw materials by weight : Medium density polyethylene or low density polyethylene or high density polyethylene: 50 parts; Epoxy resin grade 617 or grade 677:
- the anti-bird cable or the anti-bird cable according to any of the above embodiments, characterized in that the sub-optimal embodiment of the anti-mite layer is: an anti-mite layer composed of the following raw materials by weight : medium density polyethylene or low density polyethylene or high density polyethylene: 80 parts; epoxy resin with grade 617 or grade 677: 20 parts; diameter of 10 ⁇ 80 ⁇ , length/diameter ratio of 5 ⁇ 20 Fine steel fiber or glass fiber having a length of 0.1 to lm m and a diameter of 0.03 to 1 mm or a silica fiber having a diameter of 6.5 to 260 ⁇ m and a length of 0.03 to 1 mm: 60 parts; EVA hot melt adhesive: 10 parts; 1010 cable sheathing antioxidant: 5 parts; aluminum hydroxide: 25 parts; paraffin: 9 parts; carbon black masterbatch: 10 parts.
- an anti-mite layer composed of the following raw materials by weight : medium density polyethylene or low density polyethylene or high density polyethylene: 80 parts; epoxy resin with grade 6
- the anti-bird cable or the anti-bird cable according to any one of the above embodiments, characterized in that the preferred embodiment of the anti-mite layer is: an anti-mite layer composed of the following raw materials by weight : Medium density polyethylene or low density polyethylene or high density polyethylene: 65 parts; Epoxy resin grade 617 or grade 677: 15 parts; diameter 10 ⁇ 80 ⁇ , length/diameter ratio 5 ⁇ 20 Ultra-fine steel fiber or length of 0.1 ⁇ 1mm , glass fiber with a diameter of 0.03 ⁇ lmm or silica fiber with a diameter of 6.5 ⁇ 260 ⁇ and a length of 0.03 ⁇ lmm: 50 parts; EVA hot melt adhesive: 8 parts; anti-oxidant for cable sheath of type 1010: 4 parts; aluminum hydroxide: 20 parts; paraffin: 6 parts; carbon black masterbatch: 7.5 parts.
- an anti-mite layer composed of the following raw materials by weight : Medium density polyethylene or low density polyethylene or high density polyethylene: 65 parts; Epoxy resin grade 617 or grade 677:
- the above-mentioned anti-bird cable or anti-bird cable characterized in that the medium density polyethylene or low density polyethylene or high density polyethylene in the anti-mite layer may be pure medium density polyethylene Or low density polyethylene or high density polyethylene, or medium density polyethylene or low density polyethylene or high density polyethylene finished material for cable.
- the above-mentioned anti-bird cable is characterized in that the material of the reinforcing member is a steel wire or a glass fiber reinforced plastic rod.
- the above-mentioned anti-bird cable is characterized in that the material of the loose tube is polybutylene terephthalate or modified polypropylene.
- the above-mentioned anti-bird cable or anti-bird cable characterized in that the material of the protective layer is a steel strip or an aluminum strip.
- the above-mentioned anti-bird cable is characterized in that the material of the inner sheath is low density polyethylene or medium density polyethylene or high density polyethylene.
- the above-mentioned anti-bird cable is characterized in that the material of the outer sheath is low density polyethylene or medium density polyethylene or high density polyethylene or nylon.
- optical fiber is a single mode or multimode fiber
- model is G.652 or G.655 or G.657 or Ala. Type or Alb type.
- the anti-bird cable of the above-mentioned characterized in that the material of the water blocking layer is a water blocking tape or a water blocking yarn.
- the above-mentioned anti-bird cable is characterized in that the material of the large filling cord is polypropylene or polyethylene or a mixture of polypropylene and polyethylene.
- the anti-bird cable as described above is characterized in that the material of the small filling cord is polypropylene or polyethylene or a mixture of polypropylene and polyethylene.
- the anti-mite layer since the anti-mite layer has a special formula, on the one hand, it can be extruded by an extruder, and the processing is convenient, and the production speed is fast, and the diameter of the ⁇ 90 extruder is 25 mm or less. Cable and cable, speeds up to 60 m / min, and high qualified rate of finished products, due to the super anti-mite layer Fine steel fiber or glass fiber or silica fiber, which has strong stab wound performance. After the bird slams the first time, it will hurt its flaws, so there is no desire to slam again, so that the cable is obtained. Effective protection.
- the anti-mite layer of the present invention has strong anti-side pressure. And impact resistance.
- Ultra-fine steel fiber or glass fiber can be purchased on the market, and for silica fiber in the anti-caries layer, optical fiber can be purchased for rolling, pulverizing, and filtering, which can be used not only for optical fiber but also for use.
- the core of the optical fiber without cladding or without coating or coating layer can be even crushed, pulverized and filtered using optical fiber waste to achieve the purpose of waste utilization and reduce the pollution of the fiber manufacturer;
- the substances and products in the present invention do not involve environmental pollution problems.
- the present invention is easy to manufacture and does not require the addition of expensive equipment.
- there is a protective layer ⁇ the protective layer and the tamper-proof layer together resist the slamming of the bird, and there is no protective layer ⁇ , the reinforcing member and the tamper-proof layer together resist the slamming of the bird, and the cable or the cable is resistant to slamming,
- the performance in terms of impact and pressure resistance is greatly increased.
- the sheath can be used without using expensive nylon as much as possible, which can greatly reduce the cost and lower the overall cost of procurement and maintenance for the user.
- the outer sheath of the present invention may also be a colored sheath such as red, yellow, etc., preferably a conventional black.
- the present invention has the following main beneficial effects: easy production, good anti-smashing effect, fast production speed, high yield of finished products, higher pressure resistance and more impact resistance.
- Applicants have compared the anti-bird cable in the present application with the optical cable produced by the prior art, and the optical cable is overhead laying.
- the present invention adopts the structure of the best embodiment, and the outer sheath is black. And red, 1#-4# indicates different anti-mite layer formula, 1# is the maximum range, 2# is the optimal implementation formula, 3# is the sub-optimal implementation formula, 4# is the better implementation formula, the first group
- the ultra-fine steel fiber is used, the second group is made of glass fiber, the second group is silica fiber; the control group is 5#, which adopts the structure of the best embodiment, but it has no anti-mite
- the thickness of the outer sheath is the thickness of the outer sheath of the best embodiment of the invention plus the thickness of the anti-mite layer, and the outer sheath is red, and each serial number is used in the same forest area of Hunan.
- the silica gel fiber in the anti-mite layer has the best anti-cracking performance, and the glass fiber is sub-optimal, and the ultra-fine steel fiber is superior.
- the outer sheath is colored, which is more susceptible to The sniper of birds.
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Abstract
提供一种防鸟啄光缆,它包含分布在加强件(3)之外的多根松套管(2)、位于松套管(2)之外的防护层(4)、位于防护层(4)之外的内护层(5),位于内护层(5)之外的外护套(7),每根松套管(2)内至少包含一根光导纤维(1),其特征在于内护层(5)与外护套(7)之间具有一防啄层(6),所述防啄层(6)由以下原材料构成:中密度聚乙烯或低密度聚乙烯或高密度聚乙烯、环氧树脂、超细钢纤维或玻璃纤维或者二氧化硅光纤、EVA热熔胶、抗氧化剂、氢氧化铝、石蜡、碳黑母粒。还提供了其制作方法及防鸟啄电缆。具有以下主要有益效果:易制作、防啄效果好、生产速度快、成品合格率高、更耐压及更耐冲击。
Description
说明书 发明名称:防鸟啄光缆、 防鸟啄电缆及其制作方法 技术领域
[0001] 本发明属于线缆技术领域, 尤其涉及防鸟啄光缆、 防鸟啄电缆以及它们对应的 制作方法。
背景技术
[0002] 为适应环境的生存, 生长在林区附近的鸟类大都长有尖利的噗, 它们会啄坏电 缆、 通信光缆护套及绝缘层。 电缆及通信光缆中, 为了便于识别, 通常绝缘层 及松套管具有多种颜色, 啄破护套后, 各种颜色的绝缘层及松套管看起来像花 色虫子, 鸟类误食而经常啄坏绝缘线芯、 光纤, 甚至啄断铜导体, 引起电力 /通 信不通。 雨雪通过已破的护套进入线缆内部, 久而久之, 引起不明原因的通信 故障。 在国内的多林地区, 如湖南、 云南、 浙江、 桂林等地, 已经发生多次被 鸟啄破线缆的故障, 造成了不可估量的损失。
[0003] 为此, 国内进行了大量的研究。 名称为: 防鸟啄 8字型光电复合缆、 授权公告 号: CN202041686U的专利, 由护套、 铜线垫层、 铜导线、 松套填充复合物、 光 纤、 松套管、 缆芯填充复合物、 加强件垫层、 加强件、 辅助加强构件、 挡潮层 组成, 光纤在松套管内, 松套管围绕在加强件周围, 被包带包扎, 缆芯填充复 合物在包带内, 包带外是挡潮层, 它们组成缆芯, 与包有铜导线的铜导线垫层 护套, 它们被护套形成 8字形护套, 其护套是红色的。 可有效保护缆在室外架空 吋不被鸟啄。
[0004] 名称为: 防鸟啄室内外一体化光电混合光缆、 授权公告号: CN203165550U的 专利, 它包括阻燃护套料、 光纤、 加强件、 导线、 涂塑复合带、 绝缘层和红色 P E护套, 光纤 7在阻燃护套料 6的中心, 两侧是加强件 5, 导线 4被涂塑复合带 3纵 包后与阻燃护套料 6—起绞合后 1用红色 PE护套进行外护。 本产品主要应用在移 动基站与发射塔之间连接、 机房内连接, 可达到避免本地停电或蓄电池组故障 而造成基站断电的效果; 降低网络建设费用, 避免二次布线, 还可以防鸟啄。
[0005] 上述专利, 无一例外地使线缆最外层为全部或部分红色或其它颜色, 用于威摄
鸟类, 申请人认为, 仅护套的颜色为红色成为区别技术特征, 首先不应当成为 实用新型专利, 因为其不是专利法保护的形状及结构; 其次, 红色或其它颜色 也不是对于所有的林区鸟类都能威摄, 相反, 由于线缆在有风的吋候会摆动或 震动, 大部分鸟类误以为是花花虫子, 因此, 醒目的线缆更易遭到鸟类的攻击 , 故导致线缆因鸟啄而发生的故障率更高。
技术问题
[0006] 现有技术中, 外层采用尼龙护套料本身的成本是聚乙烯护套料的 15_20倍, 而 且, 加工速度极慢、 成品合格率仅在 50%左右, 且一次成型加工厚度只能在 0.8m m以下, 需要多次加工才能达到防啄需要的要求。 而外层采用了高密度或高分子 聚烯烃护套, 它是现有技术中为常规材料, 事实证明, 极难起到有效抵抗鸟类 侵袭的作用。
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
[0007] 为了解决上述问题, 本发明的目的之一是揭示防鸟啄光缆; 本发明的目的之二 是揭示防鸟啄电缆; 本发明的目的之三是揭示防鸟啄光缆的制作方法; 本发明 的目的之四是揭示防鸟啄电缆的制作方法; 它们是采用以下技术方案来实现的
[0008] 本发明的最佳实施方式中, 防鸟啄光缆, 它包含分布在加强件 3之外的多根松 套管 2、 位于松套管之外的防护层 4、 位于防护层之外的内护层 5, 位于内护层之 外的外护套 7, 每根松套管内至少包含一根光导纤维 1, 其特征在于内护层与外 护套之间具有一防啄层 6, 所述防啄层按重量份计, 由以下原材料构成: 中密度 聚乙烯或低密度聚乙烯或高密度聚乙烯: 50〜80份; 牌号为 617或牌号为 677的 环氧树脂: 10〜20份; 直径为 10〜80μηι、 长度 /直径比为 5〜20的超细钢纤维或 者长度为 0.1〜lmm、 直径为 0.03〜lmm的玻璃纤维或者直径为 6.5〜260μηι、 长 度为 0.03〜lmm的二氧化硅光纤: 40〜60份; EVA热熔胶: 5〜10份; 型号为 101 0的线缆护套用抗氧化剂: 3〜5份; 氢氧化铝: 15〜25份; 石蜡: 3〜9份; 碳黑 母粒: 5〜10份。
[0009] 本发明最佳实施方式中的防鸟啄光缆的制作方法, 其特征在于它包含以下步骤
[0010] 第一步: 制作着色光纤的步骤: 将裸的光导纤维着色成不同颜色的着色光纤; [0011] 第二步: 制作松套管的步骤: 通过二次被覆挤塑机形成松套管, 并将不同颜色 的着色光纤放置入松套管中, 进行缠绕形成松套管成品, 使着色光纤在松套管 中的长度为松套管长度的 1.002〜1.015倍, 松套管的材料为聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇 酯或改性聚丙烯, 制作松套管吋在松套管的材料中加入松套管挤塑专用色母粒 ; 反复多次, 形成多根不同颜色的松套管;
[0012] 第三步: 制作光缆缆芯的步骤: 将第二步制作得到的多根松套管、 采购到的加 强件在 SZ绞合成缆机中进行成缆, 使加强件位于中央, 多根松套管位于加强件 之外, 松套管 SZ绞合的节距为加强件与松套管直径之和的 9〜18倍;
[0013] 第四步: 制作内护层的步骤: 先将钢带或铝带材料纵向包覆在第三步形成的光 缆缆芯外形成防护层, 再在防护层外挤塑低密度聚乙烯或中密度聚乙烯或高密 度聚乙烯材料形成内护层, 内护层的厚度为 0.8〜2.0mm;
[0014] 第五步: 制作防啄层的步骤: 通过护套挤塑机在第四步形成的内护层外挤塑厚 度为 1.0〜3.0mm厚度的防啄层,所述防啄层按重量份计, 由以下原材料构成的防 啄层: 中密度聚乙烯或低密度聚乙烯或高密度聚乙烯: 50〜80份; 牌号为 617或 牌号为 677的环氧树脂: 10〜20份; 直径为 10〜80μηι、 长度 /直径比为 5〜20的超 细钢纤维或者长度为 0.1〜lmm、 直径为 0.03〜lmm的玻璃纤维或者直径为 6.5〜2 60μηι、 长度为 0.03〜lmm的二氧化硅光纤: 40〜60份; EVA热熔胶: 5〜10份; 型号为 1010的线缆护套用抗氧化剂: 3〜5份; 氢氧化铝: 15〜25份; 石蜡: 3〜 9份; 碳黑母粒: 5〜10份;
[0015] 第六步: 制作外护套的步骤: 通过护套挤塑机在第五步形成的防啄层外挤塑包 覆外护套材料, 外护套厚度为 1.4〜3.0mm; 外护套的材料为低密度聚乙烯或中 密度聚乙烯或高密度聚乙烯。
发明的有益效果
有益效果
[0016] 本发明中, 由于具有防啄层, 防啄层具有特殊的配方, 一方面其可以通过挤塑 机进行挤塑, 加工方便, 生产速度快, 在 φ90挤塑机上生产直径为 25mm以下的
电缆及光缆, 速度达到 60米 /分钟以上, 且成品合格率高, 由于防啄层中具有超 细钢纤维或玻璃纤维或者二氧化硅光纤,其具有极强的刺伤性能, 鸟类进行啄击 第一次后, 就会伤及其噗, 因此没有再次啄击的欲望, 使得线缆得到有效的保 护, 经过近 3年林区的使用, 未再有发生因鸟类啄坏电缆或光缆而中断电力、 通 信的事故发生; 同吋, 本发明的防啄层具有较强的抗侧压力及耐冲击力。
[0017] 本发明易于制作、 不需要添置昂贵的设备。
[0018] 本发明具有以下主要有益效果: 易制作、 防啄效果好、 生产速度快、 成品合格 率高、 更耐压及更耐冲击。
对附图的简要说明
附图说明
[0019] 图 1为本发明最佳实施方式的横截面结构示意图。
[0020] 图 2为本发明实施方式中防鸟啄光缆的横截面结构示意图。
[0021] 图 3为本发明实施方式中防鸟啄光缆的横截面结构示意图。
[0022] 图 4为本发明实施方式中防鸟啄光缆的横截面结构示意图。
[0023] 图 5为本发明实施方式中防鸟啄光缆的横截面结构示意图。
实施该发明的最佳实施例
本发明的最佳实施方式
[0024] 请见图 1, 防鸟啄光缆, 它包含分布在加强件 3之外的四根松套管 2、 位于松套 管之外的防护层 4、 位于防护层之外的内护层 5, 位于内护层之外的外护套 7, 每 根松套管内包含六根光导纤维 1, 其特征在于内护层与外护套之间具有一防啄层 6, 所述防啄层按重量份计, 由以下原材料构成: 中密度聚乙烯或低密度聚乙烯 或高密度聚乙烯: 50〜80份; 牌号为 617或牌号为 677的环氧树脂: 10〜20份; 直径为 10〜80μηι、 长度 /直径比为 5〜20的超细钢纤维或者长度为 0.1〜lmm、 直 径为 0.03〜lmm的玻璃纤维或者直径为 6.5〜260μηι、 长度为 0.03〜lmm的二氧化 硅光纤: 40〜60份; EVA热熔胶: 5〜10份; 型号为 1010的线缆护套用抗氧化剂 : 3〜5份; 氢氧化铝: 15〜25份; 石蜡: 3〜9份; 碳黑母粒: 5〜10份。
[0025] 当然, 本实施实例中所述的松套管可为多根, 每根松套管内至少包含一根光导 纤维。
[0026] 防鸟啄光缆的制作方法, 其特征在于它包含以下步骤:
[0027] 第一步: 制作着色光纤的步骤: 将裸的光导纤维着色成不同颜色的着色光纤;
[0028] 第二步: 制作松套管的步骤: 通过二次被覆挤塑机形成松套管, 并将不同颜色 的着色光纤放置入松套管中, 进行缠绕形成松套管成品, 使着色光纤在松套管 中的长度为松套管长度的 1.002〜1.015倍, 松套管的材料为聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇 酯或改性聚丙烯, 制作松套管吋在松套管的材料中加入松套管挤塑专用色母粒 ; 反复多次, 形成多根不同颜色的松套管;
[0029] 第三步: 制作光缆缆芯的步骤: 将第二步制作得到的多根松套管、 采购到的加 强件在 SZ绞合成缆机中进行成缆, 使加强件位于中央, 多根松套管位于加强件 之外, 松套管 SZ绞合的节距为加强件与松套管直径之和的 9〜18倍;
[0030] 第四步: 制作内护层的步骤: 先将钢带或铝带材料纵向包覆在第三步形成的光 缆缆芯外形成防护层, 再在防护层外挤塑低密度聚乙烯或中密度聚乙烯或高密 度聚乙烯材料形成内护层, 内护层的厚度为 0.8〜2.0mm;
[0031] 第五步: 制作防啄层的步骤: 通过护套挤塑机在第四步形成的内护层外挤塑厚 度为 1.0〜3.0mm厚度的防啄层,所述防啄层按重量份计, 由以下原材料构成的防 啄层: 中密度聚乙烯或低密度聚乙烯或高密度聚乙烯: 50〜80份; 牌号为 617或 牌号为 677的环氧树脂: 10〜20份; 直径为 10〜80μηι、 长度 /直径比为 5〜20的超 细钢纤维或者长度为 0.1〜lmm、 直径为 0.03〜lmm的玻璃纤维或者直径为 6.5〜2 60μηι、 长度为 0.03〜lmm的二氧化硅光纤: 40〜60份; EVA热熔胶: 5〜10份; 型号为 1010的线缆护套用抗氧化剂: 3〜5份; 氢氧化铝: 15〜25份; 石蜡: 3〜 9份; 碳黑母粒: 5〜10份;
[0032] 第六步: 制作外护套的步骤: 通过护套挤塑机在第五步形成的防啄层外挤塑包 覆外护套材料, 外护套厚度为 1.4〜3.0mm; 外护套的材料为低密度聚乙烯或中 密度聚乙烯或高密度聚乙烯。
本发明的实施方式
[0033] 请见图 2, 防鸟啄光缆, 它包含分布在加强件 3之外的四根松套管 2及一根大填 充绳 21、 位于松套管及大填充绳之外的防护层 4、 位于防护层之外的内护层 5,
位于内护层之外的外护套 7, 每根松套管内至少包含一根光导纤维 1, 其特征在 于内护层与外护套之间具有一防啄层 6, 所述防啄层按重量份计, 由以下原材料 构成: 中密度聚乙烯或低密度聚乙烯或高密度聚乙烯: 50〜80份; 牌号为 617或 牌号为 677的环氧树脂: 10〜20份; 直径为 10〜80μηι、 长度 /直径比为 5〜20的超 细钢纤维或者长度为 0.1〜lmm、 直径为 0.03〜lmm的玻璃纤维或者直径为 6.5〜2 60μηι、 长度为 0.03〜lmm的二氧化硅光纤: 40〜60份; EVA热熔胶: 5〜10份; 型号为 1010的线缆护套用抗氧化剂: 3〜5份; 氢氧化铝: 15〜25份; 石蜡: 3〜 9份; 碳黑母粒: 5〜10份。
[0034] 当然, 本实施实例中所述的松套管可为多根, 至少一根; 每根松套管内至少包 含一根光导纤维; 大填充绳至少一根。
[0035] 本实施实例中的防鸟啄光缆的制作方法, 其特征在于它包含以下步骤:
[0036] 第一步: 制作着色光纤的步骤: 将裸的光导纤维着色成不同颜色的着色光纤; [0037] 第二步: 制作松套管的步骤: 通过二次被覆挤塑机形成松套管, 并将不同颜色 的着色光纤放置入松套管中, 进行缠绕形成松套管成品, 使着色光纤在松套管 中的长度为松套管长度的 1.002〜1.015倍, 松套管的材料为聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇 酯或改性聚丙烯, 制作松套管吋在松套管的材料中加入松套管挤塑专用色母粒 ; 反复多次, 形成多根不同颜色的松套管;
[0038] 第三步: 制作大填充绳的步骤: 将聚丙烯或聚乙烯或 85%重量百分比的聚丙烯 与 15%重量百分比的聚乙烯的混合物放入 φ45或 φ60挤塑机中, 挤塑拉伸形成直 径与第二步中所得松套管一样大的大填充绳;
[0039] 第四步: 制作光缆缆芯的步骤: 将第二步制作得到的多根松套管、 采购到的加 强件、 第三步中制得的大填充绳在 SZ绞合成缆机中进行成缆, 使加强件位于中 央, 多根松套管及大填充绳位于加强件之外, SZ绞合的节距为加强件与松套管 直径之和的 9〜 18倍;
[0040] 第五步: 制作内护层的步骤: 先将钢带或铝带材料纵向包覆在第四步形成的光 缆缆芯外形成防护层, 再在防护层外挤塑低密度聚乙烯或中密度聚乙烯或高密 度聚乙烯材料形成内护层, 内护层的厚度为 0.8〜2.0mm;
[0041] 第六步: 制作防啄层的步骤: 通过护套挤塑机在第五步形成的内护层外挤塑厚
度为 1.0〜3.0mm厚度的防啄层,所述防啄层按重量份计, 由以下原材料构成的防 啄层: 中密度聚乙烯或低密度聚乙烯或高密度聚乙烯: 50〜80份; 牌号为 617或 牌号为 677的环氧树脂: 10〜20份; 直径为 10〜80μηι、 长度 /直径比为 5〜20的超 细钢纤维或者长度为 0.1〜lmm、 直径为 0.03〜lmm的玻璃纤维或者直径为 6.5〜2 60μηι、 长度为 0.03〜lmm的二氧化硅光纤: 40〜60份; EVA热熔胶: 5〜10份; 型号为 1010的线缆护套用抗氧化剂: 3〜5份; 氢氧化铝: 15〜25份; 石蜡: 3〜 9份; 碳黑母粒: 5〜10份;
[0042] 第七步: 制作外护套的步骤: 通过护套挤塑机在第六步形成的防啄层外挤塑包 覆外护套材料, 外护套厚度为 1.4〜3.0mm; 外护套的材料为低密度聚乙烯或中 密度聚乙烯或高密度聚乙烯。
[0043] 请见图 3, 防鸟啄光缆, 它包含分布在加强件 3之外的四根松套管 2、 位于相邻 的松套管的外间隙中的小填充绳 22、 位于松套管及小填充绳之外的防护层 4、 位 于防护层之外的内护层 5, 位于内护层之外的外护套 7, 每根松套管内包含十六 根光导纤维 1, 所述光导纤维位于光纤带之中, 光纤带位于松套管内, 其特征在 于内护层与外护套之间具有一防啄层 6, 所述防啄层按重量份计, 由以下原材料 构成: 中密度聚乙烯或低密度聚乙烯或高密度聚乙烯: 50〜80份; 牌号为 617或 牌号为 677的环氧树脂: 10〜20份; 直径为 10〜80μηι、 长度 /直径比为 5〜20的超 细钢纤维或者长度为 0.1〜lmm、 直径为 0.03〜lmm的玻璃纤维或者直径为 6.5〜2 60μηι、 长度为 0.03〜lmm的二氧化硅光纤: 40〜60份; EVA热熔胶: 5〜10份; 型号为 1010的线缆护套用抗氧化剂: 3〜5份; 氢氧化铝: 15〜25份; 石蜡: 3〜 9份; 碳黑母粒: 5〜10份。
[0044] 当然, 本实施实例中所述的松套管可为多根, 至少一根; 每根松套管内至少包 含一根光导纤维。
[0045] 当然, 本实施实例中的光缆, 还可以象实施实例 2那样, 防鸟啄光缆, 它包含 分布在加强件 3之外的至少一根松套管 2及至少一根大填充绳、 位于相邻的松套 管的外间隙中或相邻的大填充绳的外间隙中或相邻的松套管与大填充绳的外间 隙中的小填充绳、 位于松套管及大填充绳及小填充绳之外的防护层 4、 位于防护 层之外的内护层 5, 位于内护层之外的外护套 7, 每根松套管内至少包含一根光
导纤维 1, 所述光导纤维位于光纤带之中, 光纤带位于松套管内, 其特征在于内 护层与外护套之间具有一防啄层 6, 所述防啄层按重量份计, 由以下原材料构成 : 中密度聚乙烯或低密度聚乙烯或高密度聚乙烯: 50〜80份; 牌号为 617或牌号 为 677的环氧树脂: 10〜20份; 直径为 10〜80μηι、 长度 /直径比为 5〜20的超细钢 纤维或者长度为 0.1〜lmm、 直径为 0.03〜lmm的玻璃纤维或者直径为 6.5〜260μ m、 长度为 0.03〜lmm的二氧化硅光纤: 40〜60份; EVA热熔胶: 5〜10份; 型 号为 1010的线缆护套用抗氧化剂: 3〜5份; 氢氧化铝: 15〜25份; 石蜡: 3〜9 份; 碳黑母粒: 5〜10份。
[0046] 当然, 本实施实例中所述的松套管可为多根, 至少一根; 每根松套管内至少包 含一根光导纤维; 大填充绳至少一根。
[0047] 本实施实例中的防鸟啄光缆, 其制作方法可以参照实施实例 1与实放实例 2, 只 不过着色完成后多了一道光纤带制作步骤, 将着色光纤并带形成光纤带, 然后 在松套管的形成过程中, 将光纤带置入松套管内。
[0048] 本实施实例中的防鸟啄光缆制作吋, 有小填充绳吋, 在 SZ成缆吋, 小填充绳放 置在相邻的松套管的外间隙中或相邻的大填充绳的外间隙中或相邻的松套管与 大填充绳的外间隙中。
[0049] 请见图 4, 防鸟啄光缆, 它包含松套管 2、 位于松套管之外的阻水层 8、 位于阻 水层之外的防护层 4、 位于防护层之外的加强件 3、 位于加强件及防护层之外的 外护套 7, 松套管内包含十二根光导纤维 1, 光导纤维是以散状的形式分布在松 套管中的或者位于放置在松套管内的光纤带中的, 其特征在于防护层与外护套 之间具有一防啄层 6, 加强件位于防啄层中, 所述防啄层按重量份计, 由以下原 材料构成: 中密度聚乙烯或低密度聚乙烯或高密度聚乙烯: 50〜80份; 牌号为 6 17或牌号为 677的环氧树脂: 10〜20份; 直径为 10〜80μηι、 长度 /直径比为 5〜20 的超细钢纤维或者长度为 0.1〜lmm、 直径为 0.03〜 lmm的玻璃纤维或者直径为 6. 5〜260μηι、 长度为 0.03〜lmm的二氧化硅光纤: 40〜60份; EVA热熔胶: 5〜10 份; 型号为 1010的线缆护套用抗氧化剂: 3〜5份; 氢氧化铝: 15〜25份; 石蜡 : 3〜9份; 碳黑母粒: 5〜10份。
[0050] 当然, 本实施实例中所述的松套管内至少包含一根光导纤维。
[0051] 本实施实例中的防鸟啄光缆的制作方法, 其特征在于它包含以下步骤:
[0052] 第一步: 制作着色光纤的步骤: 将裸的光导纤维着色成不同颜色的着色光纤; [0053] 第二步: 制作松套管的步骤: 通过二次被覆挤塑机形成松套管, 并将不同颜色 的着色光纤放置入松套管中, 进行缠绕形成松套管成品, 使着色光纤在松套管 中的长度为松套管长度的 1.002〜1.015倍, 松套管的材料为聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇 酯或改性聚丙烯, 制作松套管吋在松套管的材料中加入松套管挤塑专用色母粒
[0054] 第三步: 制作防啄层的步骤: 先取阻水带或阻水纱材料包覆在第二步形成的松 套管之外形成阻水层; 再取钢带或铝带纵向包覆在阻水层之外形成防护层; 再 取两根加强放放置在防护层之外; 接着通过护套挤塑机在防护层及加强件外挤 塑厚度为 1.0〜3.0mm厚度的防啄层,所述防啄层按重量份计, 由以下原材料构成 的防啄层: 中密度聚乙烯或低密度聚乙烯或高密度聚乙烯: 50〜80份; 牌号为 6 17或牌号为 677的环氧树脂: 10〜20份; 直径为 10〜80μηι、 长度 /直径比为 5〜20 的超细钢纤维或者长度为 0.1〜lmm、 直径为 0.03〜 lmm的玻璃纤维或者直径为 6. 5〜260μηι、 长度为 0.03〜lmm的二氧化硅光纤: 40〜60份; EVA热熔胶: 5〜10 份; 型号为 1010的线缆护套用抗氧化剂: 3〜5份; 氢氧化铝: 15〜25份; 石蜡 : 3〜9份; 碳黑母粒: 5〜10份; 其中, 两根加强件是在防护层外对称放置的且 加强件与防护层之间的最小距离为 0.2mm, 加强件距防啄层外缘的最小距离为 0. 4mm;
[0055] 第四步: 制作外护套的步骤: 通过护套挤塑机在第三步形成的防啄层外挤塑包 覆外护套材料; 外护套的材料为低密度聚乙烯或中密度聚乙烯或高密度聚乙烯 或尼龙 12; 当外护套的材料为低密度聚乙烯或中密度聚乙烯或高密度聚乙烯吋 , 外护套厚度为 1.0〜3.0mm; 当外护套的材料为尼龙 12吋, 外护套厚度为 0.4〜0 • 8mm°
[0056] 请见图 5, 防鸟啄光缆, 它包含松套管 2、 位于松套管之外并将松套管整体包覆 住的多根加强件 3、 将多根加强件固定住的包扎层 9、 位于包扎层之外的内护层 5 、 位于内护层之外的外护套 7, 松套管内包含十二根光导纤维 1, 光导纤维是以 散状的形式分布在松套管中的或者位于放置在松套管内的光纤带中的, 其特征
在于所述内护层与外护套之间具有一防啄层 6, 所述防啄层按重量份计, 由以下 原材料构成: 中密度聚乙烯或低密度聚乙烯或高密度聚乙烯: 50〜80份; 牌号 为 617或牌号为 677的环氧树脂: 10〜20份; 直径为 10〜80μηι、 长度 /直径比为 5 〜20的超细钢纤维或者长度为 0.1〜lmm、 直径为 0.03〜lmm的玻璃纤维或者直 径为 6.5〜260μηι、 长度为 0.03〜lmm的二氧化硅光纤: 40〜60份; EVA热熔胶: 5〜10份; 型号为 1010的线缆护套用抗氧化剂: 3〜5份; 氢氧化铝: 15〜25份; 石蜡: 3〜9份; 碳黑母粒: 5〜10份。
[0057] 上述所述的防鸟啄光缆, 其特征在于所述包扎层的材料为聚酯扎纱或其它具有 一定强度的纱类物质, 它是通过螺旋缠绕的方式包覆在多根加强件外的, 使多 根加强件位置相对固定。
[0058] 当然, 本实施实例中所述的松套管内至少包含一根光导纤维。
[0059] 本实施实例中的防鸟啄光缆的制作方法, 其特征在于它包含以下步骤:
[0060] 第一步: 制作着色光纤的步骤: 将裸的光导纤维着色成不同颜色的着色光纤; [0061] 第二步: 制作松套管的步骤: 通过二次被覆挤塑机形成松套管, 并将不同颜色 的着色光纤放置入松套管中, 进行缠绕形成松套管成品, 使着色光纤在松套管 中的长度为松套管长度的 1.002〜1.015倍, 松套管的材料为聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇 酯或改性聚丙烯, 制作松套管吋在松套管的材料中加入松套管挤塑专用色母粒
[0062] 第三步: 制作包扎层的步骤: 先将采购得到的多根加强件整体包覆在第二步形 成的松套管外, 多根加强件以螺旋绞合的方式包覆, 螺旋绞合的节距为 100〜30 0倍加强件直径, 加强件为钢丝或玻璃纤维增强塑料; 然后将采购得到的聚酯扎 纱或其它具有一定强度的纱类物质以 20〜50mm节距螺旋缠绕包覆在加强件外形 成包扎层;
[0063] 第四步: 制作内护层的步骤: 将低密度聚乙烯或中密度聚乙烯或高密度聚乙烯 材料挤塑包覆在第三步形成的包扎层外形成内护层, 内护层的厚度为 0.8〜2.0m m;
[0064] 第五步: 制作防啄层的步骤: 通过护套挤塑机在第四步形成的内护层外挤塑厚 度为 1.0〜3.0mm厚度的防啄层,所述防啄层按重量份计, 由以下原材料构成的防
啄层: 中密度聚乙烯或低密度聚乙烯或高密度聚乙烯: 50〜80份; 牌号为 617或 牌号为 677的环氧树脂: 10〜20份; 直径为 10〜80μηι、 长度 /直径比为 5〜20的超 细钢纤维或者长度为 0.1〜lmm、 直径为 0.03〜lmm的玻璃纤维或者直径为 6.5〜2 60μηι、 长度为 0.03〜lmm的二氧化硅光纤: 40〜60份; EVA热熔胶: 5〜10份; 型号为 1010的线缆护套用抗氧化剂: 3〜5份; 氢氧化铝: 15〜25份; 石蜡: 3〜 9份; 碳黑母粒: 5〜10份;
[0065] 第六步: 制作外护套的步骤: 通过护套挤塑机在第五步形成的防啄层外挤塑包 覆外护套材料; 外护套的材料为低密度聚乙烯或中密度聚乙烯或高密度聚乙烯 或尼龙 12; 当外护套的材料为低密度聚乙烯或中密度聚乙烯或高密度聚乙烯吋 , 外护套厚度为 1.0〜3.0mm; 当外护套的材料为尼龙 12吋, 外护套厚度为 0.4〜0 • 8mm°
[0066] 请见参考图 1至图 5, 防鸟啄电缆, 包含有电缆缆芯及位于最外层的外护套, 其 特征在于紧贴外护套的内部具有一防啄层, 或者紧贴外护套的内部具有一防啄 层, 在紧贴防啄层的内部具有一防护层; 所述防啄层按重量份计, 由以下原材 料构成: 中密度聚乙烯或低密度聚乙烯或高密度聚乙烯: 50〜80份; 牌号为 617 或牌号为 677的环氧树脂: 10〜20份; 直径为 10〜80μηι、 长度 /直径比为 5〜20的 超细钢纤维或者长度为 0.1〜lmm、 直径为 0.03〜 lmm的玻璃纤维或者直径为 6.5 〜260μηι、 长度为 0.03〜lmm的二氧化硅光纤: 40〜60份; EVA热熔胶: 5〜10 份; 型号为 1010的线缆护套用抗氧化剂: 3〜5份; 氢氧化铝: 15〜25份; 石蜡 : 3〜9份; 碳黑母粒: 5〜10份; 所述的电缆缆芯是现有技术中的电缆芯线或电 缆。
[0067] 上述所述的防鸟啄电缆, 其特征在于它是通过以下步骤制得的:
[0068] 第一步: 采用现有技术制作电缆缆芯, 所述电缆缆芯是电缆芯线或电缆;
[0069] 第二步: 制作防啄层的步骤: 通过护套挤塑机在第一步形成的电缆芯线外挤塑 厚度为 1.0〜3.0mm厚度的防啄层; 或者取钢带或铝带材料纵向包覆在第一步形 成的缆芯缆芯外形成防护层, 然后护套挤塑机在防护层外挤塑厚度为 1.0〜3.0m m厚度的防啄层; 所述防啄层按重量份计, 由以下原材料构成的防啄层: 中密度 聚乙烯或低密度聚乙烯或高密度聚乙烯: 50〜80份; 牌号为 617或牌号为 677的
环氧树脂: 10〜20份; 直径为 10〜80μηι、 长度 /直径比为 5〜20的超细钢纤维或 者长度为 0.1〜lmm、 直径为 0.03〜lmm的玻璃纤维或者直径为 6.5〜260μηι、 长 度为 0.03〜lmm的二氧化硅光纤: 40〜60份; EVA热熔胶: 5〜10份; 型号为 101 0的线缆护套用抗氧化剂: 3〜5份; 氢氧化铝: 15〜25份; 石蜡: 3〜9份; 碳黑 母粒: 5〜10份;
[0070] 第三步: 制作外护套的步骤: 通过护套挤塑机在第二步形成的防啄层外挤塑包 覆外护套材料; 外护套的材料为低密度聚乙烯或中密度聚乙烯或高密度聚乙烯 或尼龙 12; 当外护套的材料为低密度聚乙烯或中密度聚乙烯或高密度聚乙烯吋 , 外护套厚度为 1.0〜3.0mm; 当外护套的材料为尼龙 12吋, 外护套厚度为 0.4〜0 • 8mm°
[0071] 上述任一实施实例中所述的防鸟啄光缆或防鸟啄电缆, 其特征在于所述防啄层 的最优实施方式为: 按重量份计, 由以下原材料构成的防啄层: 中密度聚乙烯 或低密度聚乙烯或高密度聚乙烯: 50份; 牌号为 617或牌号为 677的环氧树脂: 1 0份; 直径为 10〜80μηι、 长度 /直径比为 5〜20的超细钢纤维或者长度为 0.1〜lmm 、 直径为 0.03〜lmm的玻璃纤维或者直径为 6.5〜260μηι、 长度为 0.03〜lmm的二 氧化硅光纤: 40份; EVA热熔胶: 5份; 型号为 1010的线缆护套用抗氧化剂: 3 份; 氢氧化铝: 15份; 石蜡: 3份; 碳黑母粒: 5份。
[0072] 上述任一实施实例中所述的防鸟啄光缆或防鸟啄电缆, 其特征在于所述防啄层 的次优实施方式为: 按重量份计, 由以下原材料构成的防啄层: 中密度聚乙烯 或低密度聚乙烯或高密度聚乙烯: 80份; 牌号为 617或牌号为 677的环氧树脂: 20份; 直径为 10〜80μηι、 长度 /直径比为 5〜20的超细钢纤维或者长度为 0.1〜lm m、 直径为 0.03〜lmm的玻璃纤维或者直径为 6.5〜260μηι、 长度为 0.03〜lmm的 二氧化硅光纤: 60份; EVA热熔胶: 10份; 型号为 1010的线缆护套用抗氧化剂 : 5份; 氢氧化铝: 25份; 石蜡: 9份; 碳黑母粒: 10份。
[0073] 上述任一实施实例中所述的防鸟啄光缆或防鸟啄电缆, 其特征在于所述防啄层 的较优实施方式为: 按重量份计, 由以下原材料构成的防啄层: 中密度聚乙烯 或低密度聚乙烯或高密度聚乙烯: 65份; 牌号为 617或牌号为 677的环氧树脂: 1 5份; 直径为 10〜80μηι、 长度 /直径比为 5〜20的超细钢纤维或者长度为 0.1〜lmm
、 直径为 0.03〜lmm的玻璃纤维或者直径为 6.5〜260μηι、 长度为 0.03〜lmm的二 氧化硅光纤: 50份; EVA热熔胶: 8份; 型号为 1010的线缆护套用抗氧化剂: 4 份; 氢氧化铝: 20份; 石蜡: 6份; 碳黑母粒: 7.5份。
[0074] 上述所述的防鸟啄光缆或防鸟啄电缆, 其特征在于所述防啄层中的中密度聚乙 烯或低密度聚乙烯或高密度聚乙烯, 可以是纯的中密度聚乙烯或低密度聚乙烯 或高密度聚乙烯, 也可以是线缆用中密度聚乙烯或低密度聚乙烯或高密度聚乙 烯成品料。
[0075] 上述所述的防鸟啄光缆, 其特征在于所述加强件的材料为钢丝或玻璃纤维增强 塑料杆。
[0076] 上述所述的防鸟啄光缆, 其特征在于所述松套管的材料为聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇 酯或改性聚丙烯。
[0077] 上述所述的防鸟啄光缆或防鸟啄电缆, 其特征在于所述防护层的材料为钢带或 铝带。
[0078] 上述所述的防鸟啄光缆, 其特征在于所述内护层的材料为低密度聚乙烯或中密 度聚乙烯或高密度聚乙烯。
[0079] 上述所述的防鸟啄光缆, 其特征在于所述外护套的材料为低密度聚乙烯或中密 度聚乙烯或高密度聚乙烯或尼龙。
[0080] 上述所述的防鸟啄光缆, 其特征在于所述的光导纤维为单模或多模光纤, 且进 一步地其型号为 G.652型或 G.655型或 G.657型或 Ala型或 Alb型。
[0081] 上述所述的防鸟啄光缆, 其特征在于所述阻水层的材料为阻水带或阻水纱。
[0082] 上述所述的防鸟啄光缆, 其特征在于所述大填充绳的材料为聚丙烯或聚乙烯或 聚丙烯与聚乙烯的混合物。
[0083] 上述所述的防鸟啄光缆, 其特征在于所述小填充绳的材料为聚丙烯或聚乙烯或 聚丙烯与聚乙烯的混合物。 工业实用性
[0084] 本发明中, 由于具有防啄层, 防啄层具有特殊的配方, 一方面其可以通过挤塑 机进行挤塑, 加工方便, 生产速度快, 在 φ90挤塑机上生产直径为 25mm以下的 电缆及光缆, 速度达到 60米 /分钟以上, 且成品合格率高, 由于防啄层中具有超
细钢纤维或玻璃纤维或者二氧化硅光纤,其具有极强的刺伤性能, 鸟类进行啄击 第一次后, 就会伤及其噗, 因此没有再次啄击的欲望, 使得线缆得到有效的保 护, 经过近 3年林区的使用, 未再有发生因鸟类啄坏电缆或光缆而中断电力、 通 信的事故发生; 同吋, 本发明的防啄层具有较强的抗侧压力及耐冲击力。 超细 钢纤维或玻璃纤维在市场上就可以购买到, 而对于防啄层中的二氧化硅光纤, 可以采购光导纤维进行碾压、 粉碎、 过滤获得, 不仅可以用光导纤维成品, 还 可以使用没有包层或没有涂覆层或没有包层及涂覆层的光导纤维纤芯, 甚至可 以使用光导纤维废品进行碾压、 粉碎、 过滤获得, 达到废利用的目的,减少光纤 厂家的污染; 此外, 本发明中的物质及产品不涉及环境污染问题。
[0085] 本发明易于制作、 不需要添置昂贵的设备。 本发明中, 有防护层吋, 防护层与 防啄层共同抵制鸟类的啄击, 没有防护层吋, 加强件与防啄层共同抵制鸟类的 啄击, 使光缆或电缆抗啄击、 冲击、 耐压方面的性能大大增加。 本发明中, 夕卜 护套可以尽量不使用价格昂贵的尼龙, 这样可以使成本大幅下降, 使用户的采 购、 维护综合成本更低。 当然, 本发明中的外护套也可以采用有色护套, 比如 红色、 黄色等等, 优选的还是常用的黑色。
[0086] 本发明具有以下主要有益效果: 易制作、 防啄效果好、 生产速度快、 成品合格 率高、 更耐压及更耐冲击。
[0087] 申请人对于本申请中的防鸟啄光缆与通过现有技术生产的光缆作了使用对比, 光缆都是架空敷设, 本发明的都采用最佳实施方式的结构, 外护套为黑色及红 色, 1#-4#表示不同的防啄层配方, 1#是最大范围的, 2#是最优实施配方, 3#是 次优实施配方, 4#是较优实施配方, 第一组采用的是超细钢纤维, 第二组采用 的是玻璃纤维, 第二组采用的是二氧化硅光纤; 对照组是 5#, 采用的是最佳实 施方式的结构, 只不过其没有防啄层, 但外护套的厚度为本发明最佳实施方式 的外护套厚度加防啄层厚度, 外护套为红色, 每个序号在湖南同一林区各使用 1
00公里, 得到如下数据。
[0088] 为了叙述方便, 特作以下规定: 组别定义: A: 第一组 (外护套黑色) ; B: 第二组 (外护套黑色) ; C: 第三组 (外护套黑色) ; D: 第四组 (外护套红色 累计故障及啄痕定义: Fl: l年内因鸟啄故障; F2: 1年内因鸟啄斑痕; F3: 2
年内因鸟啄故障; F4: 2年内因鸟啄斑痕; F5: 3年内因鸟啄故障; F6: 3年内因 鸟啄斑痕。 下面是作的实验结果对比。
[0089] 组别 累计故障及啄痕 1# 2# 3# 4# 5#
[0090] A Fl 无 无 无 无 5次
[0091] A F2 3 2 3 5 26
[0092] A F3 无 无 无 无 11次
[0093] A F4 5 3 6 8 57
[0094] A F5 无 无 无 无 18次
[0095] A F6 6 3 7 12 79
[0096] B Fl 无 无 无 无 5次
[0097] B F2 2 1 3 4 26
[0098] B F3 无 无 无 无 11次
[0099] B F4 5 2 6 8 57
[0100] B F5 无 无 无 无 18次
[0101] B F6 9 4 8 13 79
[0102] C Fl 无 无 无 无 5次
[0103] C F2 1 2 2 6 26
[0104] C F3 无 无 无 无 11次
[0105] C F4 2 3 4 7 57
[0106] C F5 无 无 无 无 18次
[0107] C F6 4 4 5 9 79
[0108] D Fl 无 无 无 无 5次
[0109] D F2 13 7 12 16 26
[0110] D F3 无 无 无 无 11次
[0111] D F4 17 13 18 20 57
[0112] D F5 无 无 无 无 18次
[0113] D F6 24 19 23 26 79
[0114] 从上表可以明显看出, 采用本发明, 由于防啄层的作用, 使电力、 通信传输得
到了保障, 同吋, 防啄层中采用二氧化硅光纤的防啄性能最优, 采用玻璃纤维 的次优, 采用超细钢纤维的较优; 而且, 外护套为有色吋, 反而更易遭受鸟类 的啄击。
本发明不局限于上述最佳实施方式, 应当理解, 本发明的构思可以按其他种种 形式实施运用, 它们同样落在本发明的保护范围内。
Claims
[权利要求 1] 防鸟啄光缆, 它包含分布在加强件之外的多根松套管、 位于松套管之 外的防护层、 位于防护层之外的内护层, 位于内护层之外的外护套, 每根松套管内至少包含一根光导纤维, 其特征在于内护层与外护套之 间具有一防啄层, 所述防啄层按重量份计, 由以下原材料构成: 中密 度聚乙烯或低密度聚乙烯或高密度聚乙烯: 50〜80份; 牌号为 617或 牌号为 677的环氧树脂: 10〜20份; 直径为 10〜80μηι、 长度 /直径比为 5〜20的超细钢纤维或者长度为 0.1〜lmm、 直径为 0.03〜lmm的玻璃 纤维或者直径为 6.5〜260μηι、 长度为 0.03〜lmm的二氧化硅光纤: 40 〜60份; EVA热熔胶: 5〜10份; 型号为 1010的线缆护套用抗氧化剂 : 3〜5份; 氢氧化铝: 15〜25份; 石蜡: 3〜9份; 碳黑母粒: 5〜10 份。
[权利要求 2] —种制作权利要求 1所述的防鸟啄光缆的方法, 其特征在于它包含以 下步骤:
第一步: 制作着色光纤的步骤: 将裸的光导纤维着色成不同颜色的着 色光纤;
第二步: 制作松套管的步骤: 通过二次被覆挤塑机形成松套管, 并将 不同颜色的着色光纤放置入松套管中, 进行缠绕形成松套管成品, 使 着色光纤在松套管中的长度为松套管长度的 1.002〜1.015倍, 松套管 的材料为聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯或改性聚丙烯, 制作松套管吋在松套 管的材料中加入松套管挤塑专用色母粒; 反复多次, 形成多根不同颜 色的松套管;
第三步: 制作光缆缆芯的步骤: 将第二步制作得到的多根松套管、 采 购到的加强件在 SZ绞合成缆机中进行成缆, 使加强件位于中央, 多 根松套管位于加强件之外, 松套管 SZ绞合的节距为加强件与松套管 直径之和的 9〜 18倍;
第四步: 制作内护层的步骤: 先将钢带或铝带材料纵向包覆在第三步 形成的光缆缆芯外形成防护层, 再在防护层外挤塑低密度聚乙烯或中
密度聚乙烯或高密度聚乙烯材料形成内护层, 内护层的厚度为 0.8〜2.
0mm;
第五步: 制作防啄层的步骤: 通过护套挤塑机在第四步形成的内护层 外挤塑厚度为 1.0〜3.0mm厚度的防啄层,所述防啄层按重量份计, 由 以下原材料构成的防啄层: 中密度聚乙烯或低密度聚乙烯或高密度聚 乙烯: 50〜80份; 牌号为 617或牌号为 677的环氧树脂: 10〜20份; 直 径为 10〜80μηι、 长度 /直径比为 5〜20的超细钢纤维或者长度为 0.1〜1 mm、 直径为 0.03〜lmm的玻璃纤维或者直径为 6.5〜260μηι、 长度为 0 .03〜lmm的二氧化硅光纤: 40〜60份; EVA热熔胶: 5〜10份; 型号 为 1010的线缆护套用抗氧化剂: 3〜5份; 氢氧化铝: 15〜25份; 石蜡 : 3〜9份; 碳黑母粒: 5〜10份;
第六步: 制作外护套的步骤: 通过护套挤塑机在第五步形成的防啄层 外挤塑包覆外护套材料, 外护套厚度为 1.4〜3.0mm; 外护套的材料为 低密度聚乙烯或中密度聚乙烯或高密度聚乙烯。
[权利要求 3] 防鸟啄光缆, 它包含分布在加强件之外的至少一根松套管及至少一根 大填充绳、 位于松套管及大填充绳之外的防护层、 位于防护层之外的 内护层, 位于内护层之外的外护套, 每根松套管内至少包含一根光导 纤维, 其特征在于内护层与外护套之间具有一防啄层, 所述防啄层按 重量份计, 由以下原材料构成: 中密度聚乙烯或低密度聚乙烯或高密 度聚乙烯: 50〜80份; 牌号为 617或牌号为 677的环氧树脂: 10〜20份 ; 直径为 10〜80μηι、 长度 /直径比为 5〜20的超细钢纤维或者长度为 0. l〜lmm、 直径为 0.03〜lmm的玻璃纤维或者直径为 6.5〜260μηι、 长 度为 0.03〜lmm的二氧化硅光纤: 40〜60份; EVA热熔胶: 5〜10份 ; 型号为 1010的线缆护套用抗氧化剂: 3〜5份; 氢氧化铝: 15〜25份 ; 石蜡: 3〜9份; 碳黑母粒: 5〜10份。
[权利要求 4] 一种制作权利要求 3所述的防鸟啄光缆的方法, 其特征在于它包含以 下步骤:
第一步: 制作着色光纤的步骤: 将裸的光导纤维着色成不同颜色的着
色光纤;
第二步: 制作松套管的步骤: 通过二次被覆挤塑机形成松套管, 并将 不同颜色的着色光纤放置入松套管中, 进行缠绕形成松套管成品, 使 着色光纤在松套管中的长度为松套管长度的 1.002〜1.015倍, 松套管 的材料为聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯或改性聚丙烯, 制作松套管吋在松套 管的材料中加入松套管挤塑专用色母粒; 反复多次, 形成多根不同颜 色的松套管;
第三步: 制作大填充绳的步骤: 将聚丙烯或聚乙烯或 85%重量百分比 的聚丙烯与 15%重量百分比的聚乙烯的混合物放入 φ45或 φ60挤塑机 中, 挤塑拉伸形成直径与第二步中所得松套管一样大的大填充绳; 第四步: 制作光缆缆芯的步骤: 将第二步制作得到的多根松套管、 采 购到的加强件、 第三步中制得的大填充绳在 SZ绞合成缆机中进行成 缆, 使加强件位于中央, 多根松套管及大填充绳位于加强件之外, S Ζ绞合的节距为加强件与松套管直径之和的 9〜 18倍;
第五步: 制作内护层的步骤: 先将钢带或铝带材料纵向包覆在第四步 形成的光缆缆芯外形成防护层, 再在防护层外挤塑低密度聚乙烯或中 密度聚乙烯或高密度聚乙烯材料形成内护层, 内护层的厚度为 0.8〜2. 0mm;
第六步: 制作防啄层的步骤: 通过护套挤塑机在第五步形成的内护层 外挤塑厚度为 1.0〜3.0mm厚度的防啄层,所述防啄层按重量份计, 由 以下原材料构成的防啄层: 中密度聚乙烯或低密度聚乙烯或高密度聚 乙烯: 50〜80份; 牌号为 617或牌号为 677的环氧树脂: 10〜20份; 直 径为 10〜80μηι、 长度 /直径比为 5〜20的超细钢纤维或者长度为 0.1〜1 mm、 直径为 0.03〜lmm的玻璃纤维或者直径为 6.5〜260μηι、 长度为 0 .03〜lmm的二氧化硅光纤: 40〜60份; EVA热熔胶: 5〜10份; 型号 为 1010的线缆护套用抗氧化剂: 3〜5份; 氢氧化铝: 15〜25份; 石蜡 : 3〜9份; 碳黑母粒: 5〜10份;
第七步: 制作外护套的步骤: 通过护套挤塑机在第六步形成的防啄层
外挤塑包覆外护套材料, 外护套厚度为 1.4〜3.0mm; 外护套的材料为 低密度聚乙烯或中密度聚乙烯或高密度聚乙烯。
[权利要求 5] 防鸟啄电缆, 包含有电缆芯线及位于最外层的外护套, 其特征在于紧 贴外护套的内部具有一防啄层, 或者紧贴外护套的内部具有一防啄层 , 在紧贴防啄层的内部具有一防护层; 所述防啄层按重量份计, 由以 下原材料构成: 中密度聚乙烯或低密度聚乙烯或高密度聚乙烯: 50〜 80份; 牌号为 617或牌号为 677的环氧树脂: 10〜20份; 直径为 10〜80 μηι、 长度 /直径比为 5〜20的超细钢纤维或者长度为 0.1〜lmm、 直径 为 0.03〜lmm的玻璃纤维或者直径为 6.5〜260μηι、 长度为 0.03〜lmm 的二氧化硅光纤: 40〜60份; EVA热熔胶: 5〜10份; 型号为 1010的 线缆护套用抗氧化剂: 3〜5份; 氢氧化铝: 15〜25份; 石蜡: 3〜9份 ; 碳黑母粒: 5〜10份。
[权利要求 6] 根据权利要求 5所述的防鸟啄电缆, 其特征在于它是通过以下步骤制 得的:
第一步: 采用现有技术制作电缆缆芯, 所述电缆缆芯是电缆芯线或电 缆;
第二步: 制作防啄层的步骤: 通过护套挤塑机在第一步形成的电缆芯 线外挤塑厚度为 1.0〜3.0mm厚度的防啄层; 或者取钢带或铝带材料纵 向包覆在第一步形成的缆芯缆芯外形成防护层, 然后护套挤塑机在防 护层外挤塑厚度为 1.0〜3.0mm厚度的防啄层; 所述防啄层按重量份计 , 由以下原材料构成的防啄层: 中密度聚乙烯或低密度聚乙烯或高密 度聚乙烯: 50〜80份; 牌号为 617或牌号为 677的环氧树脂: 10〜20份 ; 直径为 10〜80μηι、 长度 /直径比为 5〜20的超细钢纤维或者长度为 0. l〜lmm、 直径为 0.03〜lmm的玻璃纤维或者直径为 6.5〜260μηι、 长 度为 0.03〜lmm的二氧化硅光纤: 40〜60份; EVA热熔胶: 5〜10份 ; 型号为 1010的线缆护套用抗氧化剂: 3〜5份; 氢氧化铝: 15〜25份 ; 石蜡: 3〜9份; 碳黑母粒: 5〜10份;
第三步: 制作外护套的步骤: 通过护套挤塑机在第二步形成的防啄层
外挤塑包覆外护套材料; 外护套的材料为低密度聚乙烯或中密度聚乙 烯或高密度聚乙烯或尼龙 12; 当外护套的材料为低密度聚乙烯或中密 度聚乙烯或高密度聚乙烯吋, 外护套厚度为 1.0〜3.0mm; 当外护套的 材料为尼龙 12吋, 外护套厚度为 0.4〜0.8mm。
[权利要求 7] 防鸟啄光缆, 它包含分布在加强件之外的至少一根松套管及至少一根 大填充绳、 位于相邻的松套管的外间隙中或相邻的大填充绳的外间隙 中或相邻的松套管与大填充绳的外间隙中的小填充绳、 位于松套管及 大填充绳及小填充绳之外的防护层、 位于防护层之外的内护层, 位于 内护层之外的外护套, 每根松套管内至少包含一根光导纤维, 所述光 导纤维位于光纤带之中, 光纤带位于松套管内, 其特征在于内护层与 外护套之间具有一防啄层, 所述防啄层按重量份计, 由以下原材料构 成: 中密度聚乙烯或低密度聚乙烯或高密度聚乙烯: 50〜80份; 牌号 为 617或牌号为 677的环氧树脂: 10〜20份; 直径为 10〜80μηι、 长度 / 直径比为 5〜20的超细钢纤维或者长度为 0.1〜lmm、 直径为 0.03〜lm m的玻璃纤维或者直径为 6.5〜260μηι、 长度为 0.03〜lmm的二氧化硅 光纤: 40〜60份; EVA热熔胶: 5〜10份; 型号为 1010的线缆护套用 抗氧化剂: 3〜5份; 氢氧化铝: 15〜25份; 石蜡: 3〜9份; 碳黑母粒 : 5〜10份。
[权利要求 8] 防鸟啄光缆, 它包含松套管、 位于松套管之外的阻水层、 位于阻水层 之外的防护层、 位于防护层之外的加强件、 位于加强件及防护层之外 的外护套, 松套管内包含十二根光导纤维, 光导纤维是以散状的形式 分布在松套管中的或者位于放置在松套管内的光纤带中的, 其特征在 于防护层与外护套之间具有一防啄层, 加强件位于防啄层中, 所述防 啄层按重量份计, 由以下原材料构成: 中密度聚乙烯或低密度聚乙烯 或高密度聚乙烯: 50〜80份; 牌号为 617或牌号为 677的环氧树脂: 10 〜20份; 直径为 10〜80μηι、 长度 /直径比为 5〜20的超细钢纤维或者长 度为 0.1〜lmm、 直径为 0.03〜lmm的玻璃纤维或者直径为 6.5〜260μ m、 长度为 0.03〜lmm的二氧化硅光纤: 40〜60份; EVA热熔胶: 5
〜10份; 型号为 1010的线缆护套用抗氧化剂: 3〜5份; 氢氧化铝: 15 〜25份; 石蜡: 3〜9份; 碳黑母粒: 5〜10份。
[权利要求 9] 防鸟啄光缆, 它包含松套管、 位于松套管之外并将松套管整体包覆住 的多根加强件、 将多根加强件固定住的包扎层、 位于包扎层之外的内 护层、 位于内护层之外的外护套, 松套管内包含十二根光导纤维, 光 导纤维是以散状的形式分布在松套管中的或者位于放置在松套管内的 光纤带中的, 其特征在于所述内护层与外护套之间具有一防啄层 6, 所述防啄层按重量份计, 由以下原材料构成: 中密度聚乙烯或低密度 聚乙烯或高密度聚乙烯: 50〜80份; 牌号为 617或牌号为 677的环氧树 脂: 10〜20份; 直径为 10〜80μηι、 长度 /直径比为 5〜20的超细钢纤维 或者长度为 0.1〜lmm、 直径为 0.03〜 lmm的玻璃纤维或者直径为 6.5 〜260μηι、 长度为 0.03〜lmm的二氧化硅光纤: 40〜60份; EVA热熔 胶: 5〜10份; 型号为 1010的线缆护套用抗氧化剂: 3〜5份; 氢氧化 铝: 15〜25份; 石蜡: 3〜9份; 碳黑母粒: 5〜10份。
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CN115903154A (zh) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-04-04 | 江苏华脉光电科技有限公司 | 一种轻型防鸟啄光缆及其制造方法 |
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