WO2016141683A1 - 适用于消纳大规模分布式电源的能源互联网的实现方法 - Google Patents

适用于消纳大规模分布式电源的能源互联网的实现方法 Download PDF

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WO2016141683A1
WO2016141683A1 PCT/CN2015/087811 CN2015087811W WO2016141683A1 WO 2016141683 A1 WO2016141683 A1 WO 2016141683A1 CN 2015087811 W CN2015087811 W CN 2015087811W WO 2016141683 A1 WO2016141683 A1 WO 2016141683A1
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energy
distributed power
scale distributed
distribution network
electrical isolation
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PCT/CN2015/087811
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English (en)
French (fr)
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赵珊珊
宋晓辉
孟晓丽
盛万兴
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中国电力科学研究院
国家电网公司
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Publication of WO2016141683A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016141683A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/04—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for connecting networks of the same frequency but supplied from different sources
    • H02J3/06—Controlling transfer of power between connected networks; Controlling sharing of load between connected networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators

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  • the invention relates to the technical field of distribution networks, and more particularly to an implementation method of an energy internet suitable for consuming large-scale distributed power sources.
  • the traditional distribution network mostly adopts the "closed loop design, open loop operation" mode, and the current trend shows a natural distribution according to the characteristics of the power grid topology.
  • the future distribution network will gradually develop into an energy Internet with renewable, distributed, interconnected and intelligent features to achieve wide-area Flexible scheduling, on-demand scheduling and optimized scheduling of energy in the range to meet the safe and reliable access of large-scale distributed power sources and wide-area energy sharing, ensuring high power supply reliability and good power quality and economic benefits.
  • the existing grid structure and implementation have the following problems: On the one hand, the existing grid structure does not have the function of reasonable flow of energy and optimized distribution, and cannot achieve wide-area scope. Flexible scheduling of energy, on-demand scheduling and optimized scheduling; on the other hand, after the existing grid closed-loop operation or a large number of distributed power sources are connected to the grid, the short-circuit current is too large, and the relay protection and safety automatic devices cannot meet the system safety and reliability requirements.
  • the common current limiting measure is to install a current-limiting reactor, but the electrical distance of the line is also increased while reducing the short-circuit current. , generating a large voltage drop, reducing the quality of power, and the relay protection method in the existing distribution network is also difficult to meet the safety of the system. Reliability requirements.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an energy Internet implementation method suitable for consuming large-scale distributed power sources, and to solve the problem of reasonable energy flow and optimal distribution in a complex distribution network with closed-loop operation of a large-scale distributed power source.
  • Flexible scheduling, on-demand scheduling, and optimal scheduling of energy are achieved under the requirements of system security and reliability.
  • an implementation method of an energy Internet suitable for consuming a large-scale distributed power source which is a complex distribution network with closed-loop operation of a large-scale distributed power source.
  • the method includes:
  • the key nodes in the distribution network whose energy needs to be optimally allocated are selected;
  • the electrical isolation device is arranged in the closed-loop operation distribution network to realize the limitation of the short-circuit current and the isolation of the fault in the closed-loop operation distribution network;
  • the in-situ protection is configured with the electrical isolation device as a boundary node to realize regional fault diagnosis, isolation and automatic recovery.
  • the present invention provides an implementation method of an energy Internet suitable for consuming a large-scale distributed power source.
  • the key nodes that need to be optimally allocated for the energy include: a grid connection point of a distributed power source or a public connection point of a user system, and a network appears in the network.
  • the invention provides an implementation method of an energy internet suitable for consuming a large-scale distributed power source, wherein the optimally configured dual-level control tie line comprises: optimizing the planning method according to the principle of optimal energy allocation and economic efficiency of investment operation Deploy a dedicated flexible power flow control link between two or more key nodes in the power supply area where energy energy is required to be actively scheduled, or between two or more key nodes in the power supply area where the energy needs to be naturally balanced.
  • a simple dedicated tie line is built to form a double-layered control tie line structure. In the complex distribution network with closed-loop operation of large-scale distributed power supply, the double-layered control tie line structure can solve the problem of rational energy flow and optimal distribution, and realize flexible scheduling and on-demand energy in a wide area. Scheduling and optimizing scheduling.
  • the invention provides an energy internet implementation method suitable for consuming large-scale distributed power sources, and obtains the special flexible power flow control connection line through optimization calculation according to the optimal power flow control requirements and the principle of investment operation economy. Installation location and capacity of the flexible power distribution unit D-FACTS.
  • the invention provides an energy internet implementation method suitable for absorbing a large-scale distributed power supply, and the flexible power distribution device D-FACTS on the dedicated flexible power flow control contact line selects a unified power flow controller UPFC or a static synchronous compensator STATCOM Or static synchronous series compensator SSSC or thyristor controllable series compensator TCSC. Two-way adjustment, on-demand adjustment and controllable adjustment of the power flow can be realized by the D-FACTS device.
  • the present invention provides an implementation method of an energy Internet suitable for consuming a large-scale distributed power source.
  • the process of determining the installation location of the electrical isolation device includes:
  • Load weighting calculation wherein the weighting coefficient of the load is determined according to the importance of the load, the weighting coefficient of the primary load is the largest, the secondary load is second, and the weighting coefficient of the tertiary load is the smallest;
  • An electrical isolation device is installed at the segmentation point of the segment. Through the process, fault isolation and short-circuit current limitation of different sections can be realized, which facilitates the cooperation of multi-level protection, ensures good voltage quality, and can achieve lightning protection and anti-interference effects.
  • the invention provides an implementation method of an energy internet suitable for consuming a large-scale distributed power source.
  • the configuration principle of the electrical isolation device is that the short-circuit current that may flow through each node in the power supply circuit should meet the maximum short-circuit current level of the system. Requirements; can achieve reliable and effective fault isolation in the system; can meet the needs of system security protection.
  • the present invention provides an implementation method of an energy Internet suitable for consuming a large-scale distributed power source, the electrical isolation device comprising an isolation transformer or a power electronic converter device.
  • the invention provides an energy internet implementation method suitable for consuming a large-scale distributed power source, and the isolation transformer form comprises an unloaded voltage regulator or an on-load voltage regulator or an isolation transformer with high impedance or secondary winding split or
  • the voltage and short circuit current conditions of the electrical system are selected from a combination of two or more of the isolated transformer forms. If the voltage of the power distribution system cannot meet the requirements, an on-load voltage regulating isolating transformer can be used to ensure good voltage quality.
  • a no-load voltage regulating isolating transformer can be used; if the system short-circuit current cannot meet the requirements, high impedance can be used and twice The isolation transformer of the winding split reduces the short-circuit current; if the system voltage and the short-circuit current cannot meet the requirements, an isolation transformer with on-load voltage regulation and high-impedance splitting can be used.
  • the invention provides an implementation method of an energy internet suitable for consuming a large-scale distributed power source, and the electrical isolation device is selected according to an equivalent impedance parameter, an installation capacity parameter and a quantity parameter.
  • the invention provides an implementation method of an energy internet suitable for consuming a large-scale distributed power source.
  • the configuration principle of the equivalent impedance parameter, the installation capacity and the quantity of the electrical isolation device is: satisfying each line segment on the power supply circuit
  • the requirements of electrical isolation, the short-circuit currents that may pass through each node in the power supply loop meet the requirements of the maximum short-circuit current level of the power system and ensure the economy and investment in the whole life cycle under the premise of ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the power system. rationality.
  • the present invention provides an implementation method of an energy Internet suitable for consuming large-scale distributed power sources.
  • the specific type of local protection configured by using the electrical isolation device as a boundary node may be determined according to the specific situation of the distribution network, and may be Select longitudinal differential protection or current quick-break protection or over-current protection or overload protection or single-phase ground protection.
  • the main supply line for closed-loop operation should also be equipped with longitudinal differential protection, and the downstream radial branch line can be protected by three-stage current protection.
  • the technical solution provided by the invention realizes the active regulation and natural balance of energy in the energy internet through the optimization method of the double-layer regulation connection line, and allows the two-way regulation of the power flow, the adjustment on demand and the rapid and flexible adjustment, and the power flow control effect is remarkable and reliable. Effectively solve the problem of reasonable energy flow and optimal allocation in complex distribution network with closed-loop operation of large-scale distributed power supply, thereby realizing flexible energy scheduling, on-demand scheduling and optimal scheduling for building a distribution network level.
  • Energy Internet provides a cost-effective solution;
  • the technical solution provided by the invention can well meet the requirements of system safety and reliability, because it can effectively limit the short-circuit current in the complex distribution network fault with closed-loop operation of large-scale distributed power supply, and ensure good performance.
  • the power supply quality can also realize the diagnosis, isolation and automatic recovery of regional faults through reliable multi-level protection, and at the same time achieve lightning protection and anti-interference effects;
  • the technical solution provided by the present invention can not only fully mobilize and utilize various distributed resources in the distribution network, but also improve the capability of the distribution network to receive distributed power, and provide a secure access for large-scale distributed power supply.
  • a cost-effective solution and can improve asset utilization, maximize the power supply capacity of the grid, and greatly improve the economics of grid operation under the premise of ensuring power quality and reliability.
  • FIG. 1 is a general flow chart of an implementation method of an energy Internet suitable for consuming a large-scale distributed power supply according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a double-layer control tie line provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an implementation method of an energy Internet suitable for a large-scale distributed power supply applied to a hand-held single ring network according to the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an implementation method of an energy Internet suitable for consuming a large-scale distributed power supply applied to a three-power handle ring network according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 The overall flow chart of an implementation method of an energy Internet suitable for consuming large-scale distributed power sources is shown in FIG. 1 , which is a complex distribution network with closed-loop operation of large-scale distributed power sources.
  • the specific implementation is as follows:
  • nodes Due to the existence of some nodes in the closed-loop operating distribution network with large-scale distributed power, the energy cannot be reasonably flowed and distributed, which severely limits the power supply capacity of the complex distribution network in closed-loop operation, so they are selected as the key to configuring the dedicated tie line. node.
  • the key nodes in the distribution network that need to be optimized for energy distribution mainly include the following nodes: 1) the connection point of the distributed power supply or the common connection point of the user system; 2) the heavy load nodes in the network that cannot continuously meet the power demand for a long time or often appear The node with overload phenomenon; 3) the important load node with high requirements on power supply reliability, generally the primary load or secondary load node; 4) the weak node in the system, such as the system does not meet the voltage stability margin requirement Or nodes that often have overvoltages; 5) other important nodes of the network that need to be optimized for allocation of energy, such as network nodes that cannot meet the energy allocation requirements in the optimization calculation.
  • the rational selection of key nodes is the basis for cost-effective allocation of dedicated tie lines, which can promote the rational distribution of power flow and the optimal allocation of energy.
  • a special flexible power flow control contact line is established between two or more key nodes in the power supply area or between areas where energy active scheduling is required;
  • the optimization algorithm is used to calculate the installation position and capacity of the D-FACTS on the dedicated flexible power flow control link;
  • an effective flexible power flow control tie line can be established between two or more key nodes in an important power supply area or between the two areas through the optimization planning method to realize active energy dispatching in the general power supply area or between areas.
  • a simple dedicated tie line between two or more key nodes creates a natural balance of energy.
  • the basic principles of the optimization planning method are: to ensure the rapid and flexible regulation of the current; to ensure the reasonable flow of energy and optimize the distribution; to ensure the economical and investment rationality of the dedicated communication line in the whole life cycle.
  • step 2 The basic requirement of the optimization calculation in step 2 is: under the premise of ensuring rapid and flexible control of the power flow, the economics of the D-FACTS device in the whole life cycle should be met as much as possible; and the D-FACTS device is selected under the condition of the static characteristics of the voltage. The smallest installation plan and control strategy.
  • the dual-level regulatory tie line includes dedicated flexible power flow control tie lines and simple dedicated tie lines.
  • the dedicated flexible power flow control tie line refers to a dedicated contact line for installing a flexible power distribution (D-FACTS) device in order to achieve rapid and flexible regulation of the power flow.
  • D-FACTS devices include unified power flow controller (UPFC), static synchronous compensator (STATCOM), static synchronous series compensator (SSSC), thyristor controllable series compensator (TCSC), static var compensator (SVC), etc. .
  • UPFC unified power flow controller
  • STATCOM static synchronous compensator
  • SSSC static synchronous series compensator
  • TCSC thyristor controllable series compensator
  • SVC static var compensator
  • a simple dedicated tie line refers to a dedicated line set up to achieve communication between different nodes, in which no D-FACTS device is installed on the line. It is a concept that is opposed to a dedicated flexible power flow regulation tie line.
  • the structure of the two-level control tie line is formed by optimizing the configuration of the dedicated flexible power flow control contact line and the simple dedicated tie line, and the rational flow and optimization of energy are solved.
  • the problem of allocation enables flexible scheduling, on-demand scheduling, and optimized scheduling of energy across a wide area.
  • the closed-loop running line is reasonably divided into sections to determine the installation position of the electrical isolation device
  • the general principle of the configuration of the electrical isolation device should meet the requirements of the maximum short-circuit current level of the system; it can realize reliable and effective fault isolation in the system; it can meet the needs of system security protection.
  • the method for determining the installation position of the electrical isolation device in step 1 1) load weighting calculation; 2) according to the load
  • the principle of balance is to divide the section of the closed-loop running line reasonably; 3) whether the electrical distance between the sections meets the requirements of protection sensitivity, and if not, re-divide the section so that the electrical distance meets the requirements of protection sensitivity; Installing an electrical isolation device at the segmentation point of the segment.
  • the weighting coefficient of the load is determined according to the importance of the load. The weighting coefficient of the primary load is the largest, the secondary load is the second, and the weighting coefficient of the tertiary load is the smallest.
  • the electrical isolation device may be an electrical isolation device such as an isolation transformer or a power electronic converter.
  • the isolation transformer can adopt the following basic forms: an isolation transformer with no load regulation, an isolation transformer with load regulation, a high-impedance isolation transformer, and an isolation transformer with secondary winding split. It is also possible to select a combination of two or more of the isolated transformer forms depending on the voltage of the power distribution system and the short-circuit current. If the voltage of the power distribution system cannot meet the requirements, an on-load voltage regulating isolating transformer can be used to ensure good voltage quality.
  • a no-load voltage regulating isolating transformer can be used; if the system short-circuit current cannot meet the requirements, high impedance can be used and twice The isolation transformer of the winding split reduces the short-circuit current; if the system voltage and the short-circuit current cannot meet the requirements, an isolation transformer with on-load voltage regulation and high-impedance splitting can be used.
  • a current-limiting reactor can be installed to reduce the short-circuit current, for example, in the following two forms: 1) A current limiting reactor and an isolation transformer with on-load voltage regulation; 2) a current limiting reactor and two isolation transformers, at least one of the two transformers has an isolation transformer with load regulation. This can achieve the purpose of limiting the short-circuit current while ensuring good power quality.
  • the parameter selection of the electrical isolation device in step 3 mainly considers equivalent impedance, installation capacity and quantity.
  • the equivalent impedance of the electrical isolation device can be determined according to the maximum short-circuit current that may flow through the circuit in the maximum operating mode of the system, specifically The following formula determines:
  • I d short-circuit current synthesis current of short-circuit point
  • m ratio of combined current and positive-sequence current
  • X * ⁇ synthetic impedance standard value other than equivalent impedance of electrical isolation device
  • X * Iso - the standard value of the equivalent impedance of the electrical isolation device
  • S B the reference capacity
  • U B the reference voltage
  • I max_dyna - the dynamic steady current allowed by the device.
  • the impedance of the electrical isolation device itself does not meet the requirements of equation (1), it may be considered to install a current limiting reactor in the vicinity of the electrical isolation device.
  • the principle of installation capacity and quantity of electrical isolation devices meet the requirements of electrical isolation of each line segment on the power supply circuit; the short-circuit current that may flow through each node in the power supply circuit should meet the maximum short-circuit current of the system.
  • Flat requirements under the premise of ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the system, the economics and investment rationality within the whole life cycle should be met as much as possible.
  • the configuration of the isolation transformer specifically includes the selection of the isolation transformer, the number of installations, and the location selection.
  • the selection of the isolation transformer can be considered from the aspects of capacity and equivalent impedance.
  • the capacity of the isolation transformer should be determined according to the maximum capacity that the circuit needs to deliver. It should consider not only the current maximum load, but also the load development in the next 5 to 10 years.
  • the equivalent impedance of the isolation transformer can be determined by referring to equation (1).
  • the method of determining the number and position of the isolation transformers can be determined by referring to the above-described method of determining the number and location of the electrical isolation devices.
  • the specific type of local protection can be determined according to the specific conditions of the distribution network, such as longitudinal differential protection, current quick-break protection, over-current protection, overload protection, single-phase grounding protection, etc.
  • main supply line for closed-loop operation should also be equipped with longitudinal differential protection, and the downstream radial branch line can be protected by three-stage current protection.
  • a hand-in-hand single-loop network consists of three feeders of “two vertical and one horizontal”.
  • Busbar I and busbar II can be different busbars of different substations or the same substation, or the same busbar of the same substation, each feeder is divided into two. Sections, numbered L 1 , L 2 , ..., L 6 , nodes a and b are the grid-connected points of the distributed power source, and nodes c and d are heavy-duty nodes that cannot continuously meet the power demand for a long time.
  • the schematic diagram of the implementation method of the energy Internet for applying the large-scale distributed power supply to the hand-held single ring network is shown in FIG. 3 .
  • L 7 is a special flexible power flow control link line containing UPFC
  • L 8 is a simple dedicated tie line, which constitutes the structure of the double-layer control tie line.
  • One end of the UPFC device on L 7 is connected to the system in parallel through a transformer, and the other end is connected in series through another transformer.
  • the electrical isolation device adopts an isolation transformer with on-load voltage regulation and high impedance and secondary winding splitting.
  • the six isolation transformers are numbered T 1 , T 5 , T 7 , T 10 , T 13 , T 14 .
  • the technical solution of the present invention includes the following implementation steps:
  • the UPFC device is installed on the dedicated flexible power flow control contact line. One end of the UPFC is connected to the system through the transformer in parallel, and the other end is connected to the system through another transformer.
  • the UPFC device is selected under the condition of considering the static characteristics of the voltage. The smallest installation plan and control strategy.
  • the longitudinal differential protection uses dual-channel fiber current differential protection and has channel detection function.
  • the hand-in-hand single-ring network is reasonably divided into sections to determine the installation position of the electrical isolation device, wherein the electrical isolation device adopts on-load voltage regulation and high impedance and isolation of the secondary winding split. transformer.
  • the capacity of the isolation transformer is determined according to the maximum capacity that the circuit needs to deliver.
  • the equivalent impedance and quantity of the isolation transformer are determined according to the maximum short-circuit current that may flow through the circuit in the maximum operating mode of the system. For details, refer to equation (1).
  • the in-situ protection is configured with the isolation transformer as the boundary node, including longitudinal differential protection, overcurrent protection, overload protection and single-phase grounding protection.
  • the main supply line of the closed-loop operation is configured with longitudinal differential protection, and the downstream radial branch line uses three-stage current protection.
  • the longitudinal differential protection uses dual-channel fiber current differential protection and has channel detection.
  • a three-power handle ring network consists of four feeders of “three vertical and one horizontal”.
  • the busbars I, II and III can be different busbars of different substations or the same substation, or the same busbar of the same substation, each feeder is divided into two. Sections, numbered L 1 , L 2 , ..., L 8 , nodes a and c are heavy-duty nodes that cannot sustain power demand for a long time, and node b is a grid-connected point of distributed power.
  • the schematic diagram of the implementation method of the energy Internet for applying the large-scale distributed power supply to the three-power handle ring network is shown in FIG. 4 .
  • L 9 is a special flexible power flow control link line containing UPFC
  • L 10 is a simple dedicated tie line, which constitutes the structure of the double-layer control tie line.
  • One end of the UPFC device on L 9 is connected in parallel to the system through a transformer, and the other end is connected in series through another transformer.
  • the electrical isolation device adopts an isolation transformer with on-load voltage regulation and high-impedance splitting.
  • the eight isolation transformers are numbered T 1 , T 4 , T 5 , T 6 , T 10 , T 11 , T 13 , T 14 .
  • the technical solution of the present invention includes the following implementation steps:
  • the UPFC device is installed on the dedicated flexible power flow control contact line. One end of the UPFC is connected to the system through the transformer in parallel, and the other end is connected to the system through another transformer.
  • the UPFC device is selected under the condition of considering the static characteristics of the voltage. The smallest installation plan and control strategy.
  • the longitudinal differential protection uses dual-channel fiber current differential protection and has channel detection function.
  • the three power supply handle ring network is reasonably divided into sections to determine the installation position of the electrical isolation device, wherein the electrical isolation device adopts on-load voltage regulation and high impedance and the secondary winding is split. Isolation transformer.
  • the capacity of the isolation transformer is determined according to the maximum capacity that the circuit needs to deliver.
  • the equivalent impedance and quantity of the isolation transformer are determined according to the maximum short-circuit current that may flow through the circuit in the maximum operating mode of the system. For details, refer to equation (1).
  • the in-situ protection is configured with the isolation transformer as the boundary node, including longitudinal differential protection, overcurrent protection, overload protection and single-phase grounding protection.
  • the main supply line of the closed-loop operation is configured with longitudinal differential protection, and the downstream radial branch line uses three-stage current protection.
  • the longitudinal differential protection uses dual-channel fiber current differential protection and has channel detection.

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Abstract

一种适用于消纳大规模分布式电源的能源互联网的实现方法。该方法首先根据闭环运行配电网的网络结构、负荷特性和分布式电源并网情况选取配电网中能量需要优化分配的关键节点，然后在已选取的关键节点之间优化配置双层次调控联络线，并在闭环运行配电网中合理配置电气隔离装置，以电气隔离装置为边界节点配置就地保护。该方法能够有效地解决含大规模分布式电源的闭环运行的复杂配电网中能量合理流动和优化分配的问题，在满足***安全可靠性的要求下实现能源的灵活调度、按需调度和优化调度，为构建配电网层面上的能源互联网提供了一种经济有效的解决方案。

Description

适用于消纳大规模分布式电源的能源互联网的实现方法 技术领域：
本发明涉及配电网技术领域，更具体涉及一种适用于消纳大规模分布式电源的能源互联网的实现方法。
背景技术：
传统配电网多采用“闭环设计、开环运行”的方式，潮流则根据电网拓扑结构的特点呈现自然分布。但随着大规模分布式电源并网以及更高供电可靠性的需求不断增强，未来配电网将逐渐发展为具有可再生、分布式、互联性、智能化等特征的能源互联网，实现广域范围内能源的灵活调度、按需调度和优化调度，满足大规模分布式电源的安全可靠接入与广域能源共享，保证***的高供电可靠性以及良好的电能质量和经济效益。
对比上述未来配电网的新需求和新特征，现有电网的结构和实现方式存在以下问题：一方面，现有电网结构不具备能量的合理流动和优化分配的功能，无法实现广域范围内能源的灵活调度、按需调度和优化调度；另一方面，现有电网闭环运行或大量分布式电源并网后，短路电流过大，继电保护和安全自动装置无法满足***安全可靠性要求。
由于现有电网的结构和实现方式无法适应未来配电网的新需求和新特征，因此有必要提出一种能源互联网的实现方法来解决以下两个问题：1)实现配电网中能量的合理流动和优化分配；2)满足***的安全可靠性的要求。
目前，解决配电网中能量的合理调节和分配问题的现有技术方案主要有以下两种：
(1)在不同的区域电网之间设置联络线路，如新加坡“梅花状”的配电网络中“花瓣”间的联络线路，从而实现区域电网之间的互联，提高***的供电可靠性。但它仍存在以下不足之处，一方面区域电网之间只是通过简单的联络线实现互联，潮流仍呈现自然分布，且无法双向调节、按需调节和快速灵活调节；另一方面，由于区域内存在一些能量无法合理流动和分配的节点，因此无法实现区域内能源的灵活调度、按需调度和优化调度。
(2)在原输电线路上加装柔***流输电(FACTS)装置，解决输电网中局部潮流迂回等不合理分布的问题。但是，由于网络结构没有改变，FACTS装置只能影响局部潮流分布的情况，无法解决广域范围内能源的灵活调度、按需调度和全局优化调度的问题。
此外，对于电网闭环运行或大量分布式电源并网后短路电流过大的问题，常用的限流措施是加装限流电抗器，但在减小短路电流的同时也会增大线路的电气距离，产生较大的电压降，降低电能质量，而且现有配电网中的继电保护方式也难以满足***的安全 可靠性的要求。
发明内容：
本发明的目的是提供一种适用于消纳大规模分布式电源的能源互联网的实现方法，解决含大规模分布式电源的闭环运行的复杂配电网中能量合理流动和优化分配的问题，在满足***安全可靠性的要求下实现能源的灵活调度、按需调度和优化调度。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用下述技术方案实现：一种适用于消纳大规模分布式电源的能源互联网的实现方法，该能源互联网为含大规模分布式电源的闭环运行的复杂配电网，所述方法包括：
根据闭环运行配电网的网络结构、负荷特性和分布式电源并网情况，选取配电网中能量需要优化分配的关键节点；
在已选取的关键节点之间优化配置双层次调控联络线，实现潮流的快速灵活调控和能量的优化分配；
在闭环运行配电网中配置电气隔离装置，实现闭环运行配电网中短路电流的限制和故障的隔离；
以所述电气隔离装置为边界节点配置就地保护，实现区域故障的诊断、隔离和自动恢复。
本发明提供一种适用于消纳大规模分布式电源的能源互联网的实现方法，所述的能量需要优化分配的关键节点包括：分布式电源的并网点或用户***的公共连接点、网络中出现过负荷现象的节点、要求高供电可靠性的一级负荷或二级负荷节点、网络中的电压薄弱节点或出现过电压现象的节点。通过关键节点的选取能够解决闭环运行配电网中能量无法合理分配环节严重制约***供电能力的问题。
本发明提供一种适用于消纳大规模分布式电源的能源互联网的实现方法，所述优化配置的双层次调控联络线包括：根据能量最优分配及投资运行经济性的原则通过优化规划法，在需要实现能源主动调度的供电区域内或区域间的两个以上关键节点之间搭建专用柔性潮流调控联络线，在需要实现能量自然平衡的供电区域内或区域间的两个以上关键节点之间搭建简单专用联络线，形成了双层次调控联络线的结构。在含大规模分布式电源的闭环运行的复杂配电网中，通过所述双层次调控联络线结构能够解决能量合理流动和优化分配的问题，实现广域范围内能源的灵活调度、按需调度和优化调度。
本发明提供一种适用于消纳大规模分布式电源的能源互联网的实现方法，根据潮流最优调控要求及投资运行经济性的原则通过优化计算得到所述专用柔性潮流调控联络线 上的柔性配电装置D-FACTS的安装位置和容量。
本发明提供一种适用于消纳大规模分布式电源的能源互联网的实现方法，所述专用柔性潮流调控联络线上的柔性配电装置D-FACTS选择统一潮流控制器UPFC或静止同步补偿器STATCOM或静止同步串联补偿器SSSC或晶闸管可控串联补偿器TCSC。通过D-FACTS装置能够实现潮流的双向调节、按需调节和可控调节。
本发明提供一种适用于消纳大规模分布式电源的能源互联网的实现方法，确定所述电气隔离装置的安装位置的过程包括：
负荷加权计算，其中，负荷的加权系数根据负荷的重要性确定，一级负荷的加权系数最大，二级负荷次之，三级负荷的加权系数最小；
根据负荷均衡的原则对闭环运行线路划分区段；
校验区段间的电气距离是否满足保护灵敏度的要求，若不满足，则重新划分区段使其电气距离满足保护灵敏度的要求；
在所述区段分割点处安装电气隔离装置。通过所述过程能够实现不同区段的故障隔离和短路电流的限制，便于多级保护的配合，保证良好电压质量，还能达到防雷击、防干扰等效果。
本发明提供一种适用于消纳大规模分布式电源的能源互联网的实现方法，所述电气隔离装置的配置原则：供电回路中各个节点的可能流经的短路电流均应满足***最大短路电流水平的要求；能够实现***中可靠有效的故障隔离；能够满足***安全保护的需要。
本发明提供一种适用于消纳大规模分布式电源的能源互联网的实现方法，所述电气隔离装置包括隔离变压器或电力电子变流装置。
本发明提供一种适用于消纳大规模分布式电源的能源互联网的实现方法，所述隔离变压器形式包括无载调压或有载调压或高阻抗或二次绕组***的隔离变压器或根据配电***的电压及短路电流情况选择两种以上的所述隔离变压器形式的组合。若配电***电压无法满足要求，可采用有载调压隔离变压器，保证良好的电压质量，否则，可采用无载调压隔离变压器；若***短路电流无法满足要求，可采用高阻抗且二次绕组***的隔离变压器，减小短路电流；若***电压和短路电流均无法满足要求，可采用有载调压高阻抗且二次绕组***的隔离变压器。
本发明提供一种适用于消纳大规模分布式电源的能源互联网的实现方法，所述电气隔离装置根据等效阻抗参数、安装容量参数和数量参数进行选择。
本发明提供一种适用于消纳大规模分布式电源的能源互联网的实现方法，所述电气隔离装置的等效阻抗参数、安装容量和数量的配置原则为：满足供电回路上各个线路区段的电气隔离的要求、供电回路中各个节点的可能流经的短路电流均满足电力***最大短路电流水平的要求和在保证电力***安全可靠运行的前提下，尽量满足全寿命周期内的经济性和投资合理性。
本发明提供一种适用于消纳大规模分布式电源的能源互联网的实现方法，以所述电气隔离装置为边界节点配置的就地保护的具体类型可以视配电网的具体情况而定，可以选择纵联差动保护或电流速断保护或过电流保护或过负荷保护或单相接地保护。此外，闭环运行的主供线路还应配置纵联差动保护，下游的辐射状分支线路可采用三段式电流保护。通过所述的继电保护实现可靠的多级保护配合以及区域故障的诊断、隔离和自动恢复。
和最接近的现有技术比，本发明提供技术方案具有以下有益效果：
1、本发明提供的技术方案通过双层次调控联络线的优化方法实现能源互联网中能量的主动调控和自然平衡，允许潮流双向调节、按需调节和快速灵活调节，潮流调控效果显著、可靠，有效地解决了含大规模分布式电源的闭环运行的复杂配电网中能量合理流动和优化分配的问题，从而实现能源的灵活调度、按需调度和优化调度，为构建配电网层面上的能源互联网提供了一种经济有效的解决方案；
2、本发明提供的技术方案能够很好地满足***安全可靠性的要求，因为它既能够有效地限制含大规模分布式电源的闭环运行的复杂配电网故障时的短路电流，保证良好的供电质量，又可以通过可靠的多级保护配合实现区域故障的诊断、隔离和自动恢复，同时还能达到防雷击、防干扰等效果；
3、本发明提供的技术方案简单有效，便于运行维护以及推广应用；
4、本发明提供的技术方案不仅能够充分调动和利用配电网中的各种分布式资源，提高配电网对分布式电源的接纳能力，为大规模分布式电源的安全接入提供了一种经济有效的解决方案，而且能够提高资产利用率，最大限度的发挥电网的供电能力，在保证供电质量和可靠性的前提下大大提高电网运行的经济性。
附图说明
图1为本发明提供的一种适用于消纳大规模分布式电源的能源互联网的实现方法的总体流程图；
图2为本发明提供的双层次调控联络线的结构示意图；
图3为本发明提供的适用于消纳大规模分布式电源的能源互联网的实现方法应用于手拉手单环网的结构示意图；
图4为本发明提供的适用于消纳大规模分布式电源的能源互联网的实现方法应用于三电源拉手环网的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步的详细说明。
本发明提供的一种适用于消纳大规模分布式电源的能源互联网的实现方法的总体流程图如图1所示，该能源互联网络为含大规模分布式电源的闭环运行的复杂配电网，其具体实施方式如下：
1、根据闭环运行配电网的网络结构、负荷特性和分布式电源并网情况，选取配电网中能量需要优化分配的关键节点。
由于含大规模分布式电源的闭环运行配电网中存在着一些能量无法合理流动和分配的节点，严重限制了闭环运行的复杂配电网的供电能力，所以选取它们作为配置专用联络线的关键节点。
配电网中能量需要优化分配的关键节点主要包括以下节点：1)分布式电源的并网点或用户***的公共连接点；2)网络中无法长期持续满足用电需求的重负荷节点或者经常出现过负荷现象的节点；3)对供电可靠性要求比较高的重要负荷节点，一般为一级负荷或二级负荷节点；4)***中的薄弱节点，如***中不满足电压稳定裕度要求的或经常出现过电压的节点；5)其它能量需要优化分配的网络重要节点，如无法达到优化计算中能量分配指标要求的网络节点。
关键节点的合理选取是经济有效地配置专用联络线的基础，能够促进潮流的合理分布和能量的优化分配。
2、在已选取的关键节点之间优化配置双层次调控联络线，实现潮流的快速灵活调控和能量的优化分配，通过下述步骤建立双层次调控联络线的结构如图2所示：
①根据能量最优分配及投资运行经济性的原则通过优化规划法，在需要实现能源主动调度的供电区域内或区域间的两个以上关键节点之间搭建专用柔性潮流调控联络线；
②根据潮流最优调控要求及投资运行经济性的原则采用优化算法计算专用柔性潮流调控联络线上的D-FACTS的安装位置和容量；
③根据能量最优分配及投资运行经济性的原则通过优化规划法，在需要实现能量自然平衡的供电区域内或区域间的两个以上关键节点之间搭建简单专用联络线；
④为双层次调控联络线配置合理的线路保护。
步骤①和步骤③中可以通过优化规划的方法在重要供电区域内或区域间的两个以上关键节点之间搭建专用柔性潮流调控联络线实现能源的主动调度，在一般供电区域内或区域间的两个以上关键节点之间搭建简单专用联络线实现能量的自然平衡。其中，优化规划法的基本原则是：保证潮流的快速灵活调控；保证能量的合理流动和优化分配；保证专用联络线路在全寿命周期内的经济性和投资合理性。
步骤②中优化计算的基本要求是：在保证潮流快速灵活调控的前提下，应尽量满足D-FACTS装置在全寿命周期内的经济性；考虑电压静态特性的条件下，选择使D-FACTS装置容量最小的安装方案和控制策略。
双层次调控联络线包括专用柔性潮流调控联络线和简单专用联络线。专用柔性潮流调控联络线是指为了实现潮流的快速灵活调控而加装柔性配电(D-FACTS)装置的专用联络线路。其中D-FACTS装置包括统一潮流控制器(UPFC)、静止同步补偿器(STATCOM)、静止同步串联补偿器(SSSC)、晶闸管可控串联补偿器(TCSC)、静止无功补偿器(SVC)等。若在专用联络线路上加装的是UPFC装置，则称为含UPFC的专用柔性潮流调控联络线，以此类推，可得出含不同柔性配电装置的专用柔性潮流调控联络线。而简单专用联络线是指为了实现不同节点之间的联络而设置的专用线路，其中线路上不加装D-FACTS装置。它是与专用柔性潮流调控联络线相对的概念。
由此，在含大规模分布式电源的闭环运行的复杂配电网中，通过优化配置专用柔性潮流调控联络线和简单专用联络线形成双层次调控联络线的结构，解决能量合理流动和优化分配的问题，实现广域范围内能源的灵活调度、按需调度和优化调度。
3、在闭环运行配电网中合理配置电气隔离装置，实现闭环运行的配电网中短路电流的限制和故障的隔离，具体包括下述步骤：
①依据负荷均衡和满足保护灵敏度的原则对闭环运行线路进行合理地划分区段，确定电气隔离装置的安装位置；
②选择***中所配置的电气隔离装置的具体类型；
③确定***中所配置的电气隔离装置的具体参数。
电气隔离装置配置的总体原则：供电回路中各个节点的可能流经的短路电流均应满足***最大短路电流水平的要求；能够实现***中可靠有效的故障隔离；能够满足***安全保护的需要。
步骤①中确定电气隔离装置的安装位置的方法：1)负荷加权计算；2)根据负荷均 衡的原则对闭环运行线路合理地划分区段；3)校验区段间的电气距离是否满足保护灵敏度的要求，若不满足，则重新划分区段使其电气距离满足保护灵敏度的要求；4)在所述区段分割点处安装电气隔离装置。其中，负荷的加权系数根据负荷的重要性确定，一级负荷的加权系数最大，二级负荷次之，三级负荷的加权系数最小。
步骤②中电气隔离装置可以采用隔离变压器或电力电子变流装置等具有电气隔离功能的设备。其中，隔离变压器可以采用以下基本形式：无载调压的隔离变压器、有载调压的隔离变压器、高阻抗的隔离变压器、二次绕组***的隔离变压器。也可以根据配电***的电压及短路电流情况选择两种以上的所述隔离变压器形式的组合。若配电***电压无法满足要求，可采用有载调压隔离变压器，保证良好的电压质量，否则，可采用无载调压隔离变压器；若***短路电流无法满足要求，可采用高阻抗且二次绕组***的隔离变压器，减小短路电流；若***电压和短路电流均无法满足要求，可采用有载调压高阻抗且二次绕组***的隔离变压器。若合理配置电气隔离装置后供电回路中节点的最大短路电流仍无法满足***允许的短路电流水平的要求，可装设限流电抗器以减小短路电流，例如采用以下两种形式：1)一台限流电抗器与一台有载调压的隔离变压器；2)一台限流电抗器与两台隔离变压器，两台变压器中至少有一台有载调压的隔离变压器。这样既能够达到限制短路电流的目的，又可以保证良好的电能质量。
步骤③中电气隔离装置的参数选择主要考虑等效阻抗、安装容量和数量等。
为了有效地限制含大规模分布式电源的闭环运行的配电网故障时的短路电流，电气隔离装置的等效阻抗可以根据***最大运行方式下可能流经该回路的最大短路电流确定，具体可由下式确定：
Figure PCTCN2015087811-appb-000001
式中：Id——短路点的短路电流合成电流；m——合成电流与正序电流的比值；X* Σ——除电气隔离装置等效阻抗之外的合成阻抗标幺值；X* iso——电气隔离装置等效阻抗的标幺值；SB——基准容量；UB——基准电压；Imax_heat——设备允许的热稳定电流；ich——短路时的冲击电流；Kch——冲击系数；Imax_dyna——设备允许的动稳定电流。
若电气隔离装置本身的阻抗无法满足式(1)的要求，可以考虑在电气隔离装置附近装设限流电抗器。
电气隔离装置的安装容量和数量的配置原则：满足供电回路上各个线路区段的电气隔离的要求；供电回路中各个节点的可能流经的短路电流均应满足***最大短路电流水 平的要求；在保证***安全可靠运行的前提下，应尽量满足全寿命周期内的经济性和投资合理性。
如果电气隔离装置选择隔离变压器，则隔离变压器的配置具体包括隔离变压器的选型、安装数量和位置的选择等。
隔离变压器的选型可以从容量、等效阻抗等方面考虑。隔离变压器的容量应根据该回路需要输送的最大容量确定，不仅要考虑现在的最大负荷情况，而且应该考虑未来5～10年的负荷发展情况。隔离变压器的等效阻抗可以参照式(1)确定。
隔离变压器的安装数量和位置的确定方法可以参照上述的电气隔离装置的安装数量和位置的确定法。
4、以电气隔离装置为边界节点配置就地保护，实现区域故障的诊断、隔离和自动恢复。
就地保护的具体类型可以视配电网的具体情况而定，如纵联差动保护、电流速断保护、过电流保护、过负荷保护、单相接地保护等。
此外，闭环运行的主供线路还应配置纵联差动保护，下游的辐射状分支线路可采用三段式电流保护。
实施例1：
下面以手拉手单环网为例，对本发明的技术方案说明如下：
一个手拉手单环网由“两纵一横”的三条馈线组成，母线I和母线II可以是不同变电站或同一变电站的不同母线，也可以是同一变电站的同一母线，每条馈线划分为两个区段，编号为L1、L2、…、L6，节点a和b为分布式电源的并网点，节点c和d为无法长期持续满足用电需求的重负荷节点。本发明提供的适用于消纳大规模分布式电源的能源互联网的实现方法应用于手拉手单环网的结构示意图如图3所示。其中，L7为含UPFC的专用柔性潮流调控联络线，L8为简单专用联络线，二者构成了双层次调控联络线的结构。L7上的UPFC装置一端通过变压器并联接入***，另一端通过另一变压器串联接入***。电气隔离装置采用有载调压高阻抗且二次绕组***的隔离变压器，六台隔离变压器的编号为T1、T5、T7、T10、T13、T14。本发明的技术方案包括下述实施步骤：
(1)根据手拉手单环网的网络结构、负荷特性和分布式电源并网情况，选取分布式电源的并网点(节点a、b)和无法长期持续满足用电需求的重负荷节点(节点c、d)作为能量需要优化分配的关键节点。
(2)采用配电网优化规划的方法，在重要供电区域内的两个关键节点a和d之间搭 建专用柔性潮流调控联络线实现能源的主动调度。
(3)专用柔性潮流调控联络线上加装UPFC装置，UPFC的一端通过变压器并联接入***，其另一端通过另一变压器串联接入***，在考虑电压静态特性的条件下，选择使UPFC装置容量最小的安装方案和控制策略。
(4)采用配电网优化规划的方法，在一般供电区域内的两个关键节点b和c之间搭建简单专用联络线实现能量的自然平衡，由此形成了双层次调控联络线的结构。
(5)选择纵联差动保护作为双层次调控联络线的主保护，纵联差动保护采用双通道的光纤电流差动保护，并具有通道检测功能。
(6)依据负荷均衡和满足保护灵敏度的原则对手拉手单环网进行合理地划分区段，确定电气隔离装置的安装位置，其中电气隔离装置采用有载调压高阻抗且二次绕组***的隔离变压器。
(7)确定***中所配置的隔离变压器的具体参数。隔离变压器的容量根据该回路需要输送的最大容量确定，隔离变压器的等效阻抗和数量根据***最大运行方式下可能流经该回路的最大短路电流确定，具体可参照式(1)。
(8)以隔离变压器为边界节点配置就地保护，具体包括纵联差动保护、过电流保护、过负荷保护和单相接地保护等。此外，闭环运行的主供线路配置纵联差动保护，下游的辐射状分支线路采用三段式电流保护。纵联差动保护采用双通道的光纤电流差动保护，并具有通道检测功能。
实施例2：
下面以三电源拉手环网为例，对本发明的技术方案说明如下：
一个三电源拉手环网由“三纵一横”的四条馈线组成，母线I、II和III可以是不同变电站或同一变电站的不同母线，也可以是同一变电站的同一母线，每条馈线划分为两个区段，编号为L1、L2、…、L8，节点a和c为无法长期持续满足用电需求的重负荷节点，节点b为分布式电源的并网点。本发明提供的适用于消纳大规模分布式电源的能源互联网的实现方法应用于三电源拉手环网的结构示意图如图4所示。其中，L9为含UPFC的专用柔性潮流调控联络线，L10为简单专用联络线，二者构成了双层次调控联络线的结构。L9上的UPFC装置一端通过变压器并联接入***，另一端通过另一变压器串联接入***。电气隔离装置采用有载调压高阻抗且二次绕组***的隔离变压器，八台隔离变压器的编号为T1、T4、T5、T6、T10、T11、T13、T14。本发明的技术方案包括下述实施步骤：
(1)根据三电源拉手环网的网络结构、负荷特性和分布式电源并网情况，选取分布 式电源的并网点(节点b)和无法长期持续满足用电需求的重负荷节点(节点a和c)作为能量需要优化分配的关键节点。
(2)采用配电网优化规划的方法，在重要供电区域内的两个关键节点a和b之间搭建专用柔性潮流调控联络线实现能源的主动调度。
(3)专用柔性潮流调控联络线上加装UPFC装置，UPFC的一端通过变压器并联接入***，其另一端通过另一变压器串联接入***，在考虑电压静态特性的条件下，选择使UPFC装置容量最小的安装方案和控制策略。
(4)采用配电网优化规划的方法，在一般供电区域内的两个关键节点b和c之间搭建简单专用联络线实现能量的自然平衡，由此形成了双层次调控联络线的结构。
(5)选择纵联差动保护作为双层次调控联络线的主保护，纵联差动保护采用双通道的光纤电流差动保护，并具有通道检测功能。
(6)依据负荷均衡和满足保护灵敏度的原则对三电源拉手环网进行合理地划分区段，确定电气隔离装置的安装位置，其中电气隔离装置采用有载调压高阻抗且二次绕组***的隔离变压器。
(7)确定***中所配置的隔离变压器的具体参数。隔离变压器的容量根据该回路需要输送的最大容量确定，隔离变压器的等效阻抗和数量根据***最大运行方式下可能流经该回路的最大短路电流确定，具体可参照式(1)。
(8)以隔离变压器为边界节点配置就地保护，具体包括纵联差动保护、过电流保护、过负荷保护和单相接地保护等。此外，闭环运行的主供线路配置纵联差动保护，下游的辐射状分支线路采用三段式电流保护。纵联差动保护采用双通道的光纤电流差动保护，并具有通道检测功能。
最后应当说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明技术方案而非对其限制，所属领域的普通技术人员尽管参照上述实施例应当理解：依然可以对本发明的具体实施方式进行修改或者等同替换，这些未脱离本发明精神和范围的任何修改或者等同替换，均在申请待批的本发明权利要求保护范围之内。

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  1. 一种适用于消纳大规模分布式电源的能源互联网的实现方法，该能源互联网为含大规模分布式电源的闭环运行的复杂配电网，其特征在于：所述方法包括：
    根据闭环运行配电网的网络结构、负荷特性和分布式电源并网情况，选取配电网中能量需要优化分配的关键节点；
    在已选取的关键节点之间优化配置双层次调控联络线；
    在闭环运行配电网中配置电气隔离装置；
    以所述电气隔离装置为边界节点配置就地保护。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种适用于消纳大规模分布式电源的能源互联网的实现方法，其特征在于：所述的能量需要优化分配的关键节点包括：分布式电源的并网点或用户***的公共连接点、网络中出现过负荷现象的节点、要求高供电可靠性的一级负荷或二级负荷节点、网络中的电压薄弱节点或出现过电压现象的节点。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的一种适用于消纳大规模分布式电源的能源互联网的实现方法，其特征在于：所述优化配置的双层次调控联络线包括：根据能量最优分配及投资运行经济性的原则通过优化规划法，在需要实现能源主动调度的供电区域内或区域间的两个以上关键节点之间搭建专用柔性潮流调控联络线，在需要实现能量自然平衡的供电区域内或区域间的两个以上关键节点之间搭建简单专用联络线，形成了双层次调控联络线的结构。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的一种适用于消纳大规模分布式电源的能源互联网的实现方法，其特征在于：根据潮流最优调控要求及投资运行经济性的原则通过优化计算得到所述专用柔性潮流调控联络线上的柔性配电装置D-FACTS的安装位置和容量。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的一种适用于消纳大规模分布式电源的能源互联网的实现方法，其特征在于：所述专用柔性潮流调控联络线上的柔性配电装置D-FACTS选择统一潮流控制器UPFC或静止同步补偿器STATCOM或静止同步串联补偿器SSSC或晶闸管可控串联补偿器TCSC。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的一种适用于消纳大规模分布式电源的能源互联网的实现方法，其特征在于：确定所述电气隔离装置的安装位置的过程包括：
    负荷加权计算；
    根据负荷均衡的原则对闭环运行线路划分区段；
    校验区段间的电气距离是否满足保护灵敏度的要求，若不满足，则重新划分区段使其电气距离满足保护灵敏度的要求；
    在所述区段分割点处安装电气隔离装置。
  7. 如权利要求1或6所述的一种适用于消纳大规模分布式电源的能源互联网的实现方法，其特征在于：所述电气隔离装置包括隔离变压器或电力电子变流装置。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的一种适用于消纳大规模分布式电源的能源互联网的实现方法，其特征在于：所述隔离变压器形式包括无载调压或有载调压或高阻抗或二次绕组***的隔离变压器或根据配电***的电压及短路电流情况选择两种以上的所述隔离变压器形式的组合。
  9. 如权利要求1或6所述的一种适用于消纳大规模分布式电源的能源互联网的实现方法，其特征在于：所述电气隔离装置根据等效阻抗参数、安装容量参数和数量参数进行选择。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的一种适用于消纳大规模分布式电源的能源互联网的实现方法，其特征在于：所述电气隔离装置的等效阻抗参数、安装容量和数量的配置原则为：满足供电回路上各个线路区段的电气隔离的要求、供电回路中各个节点的可能流经的短路电流均满足电力***最大短路电流水平的要求和在保证电力***安全可靠运行的前提下，尽量满足全寿命周期内的经济性和投资合理性。
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