WO2016135265A2 - Mehrschichtkörper und sicherheitsdokument - Google Patents
Mehrschichtkörper und sicherheitsdokument Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016135265A2 WO2016135265A2 PCT/EP2016/054028 EP2016054028W WO2016135265A2 WO 2016135265 A2 WO2016135265 A2 WO 2016135265A2 EP 2016054028 W EP2016054028 W EP 2016054028W WO 2016135265 A2 WO2016135265 A2 WO 2016135265A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- multilayer body
- security element
- body according
- antenna
- electrically conductive
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
- G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
- G06K19/07749—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
- G06K19/07773—Antenna details
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
- G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
- G06K7/10544—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation by scanning of the records by radiation in the optical part of the electromagnetic spectrum
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/06009—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code with optically detectable marking
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/06009—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code with optically detectable marking
- G06K19/06018—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code with optically detectable marking one-dimensional coding
- G06K19/06028—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code with optically detectable marking one-dimensional coding using bar codes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
- G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
- G06K19/07749—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
- G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
- G07D7/01—Testing electronic circuits therein
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q7/00—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
Definitions
- the invention relates to a multilayer body with a functional layer as well as a security document with such a multilayer body and a
- electronic functional layers can be integrated into such documents. These usually include integrated circuits for storing and transmitting information that can be contacted wirelessly, for example, via an antenna structure integrated into the functional layer.
- Antenna structures are known, which form a graphic design in their entirety and are therefore not enclosed by cover layers, but remain visible. Such antenna structures complicate manipulation of the functional layer.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a multilayer body with a functional layer, as well as a security document with such a multilayer body, which have improved security against forgery and tampering. It is a further object of the invention to provide a method for authenticating such a multilayer body
- a multilayer body according to claim 1 a method according to claim 35, a security document according to claim 40 and by a method according to claim 42.
- a multilayer body has a functional layer comprising an antenna element.
- the multilayer body has an optical security element which has at least one electrically conductive
- Part includes, which is galvanically connected to the antenna element.
- Such a multilayer body can already be used in its entirety
- the multi-layer body can be provided, for example, as a transfer or laminating film and transferred to the respective document or joined to further layers by gluing or laminating to form a security document.
- Identity document identification document, visa document, certificate, a credit card, debit card, a product label or the like understood.
- At least one electrical property of a conductive subarea of the multilayer body is measured wirelessly and compared with a desired value.
- a method for producing such a multilayer body comprises the steps: - Providing a substrate with an antenna element;
- Partial area is electrically connected to the antenna element.
- the security element is provided on a transfer film and transferred to the substrate by hot stamping, cold stamping or lamination.
- the security element can also be applied directly to the substrate and / or the antenna element.
- the electrically conductive subarea and / or the antenna structure can be produced by applying a seed layer made of a first metal and plating and / or vapor deposition with a further metal.
- the seed layer can be applied for example by printing. In this way, any structures can be formed that are both decorative and have the desired functional properties.
- Through-connection can be galvanically connected. This allows complex multi-layered structures to be realized.
- the presence of a security element galvanically connected to the antenna element provides an additional security feature.
- the security element When manipulating the functional layer, the security element must also be manipulated or completely replaced. Such manipulation attempts can therefore already be visually recognizable on the security element.
- the galvanic connection between the antenna element and the security element leads to a change in the electrical properties of the antenna element.
- the resonance frequency, the inductance, the capacitance and / or the resistance and thus the bandwidth of the antenna element can be influenced.
- This can also facilitate the detection of manipulations or forgeries on the functional layer, since, for example, a correspondingly manipulated functional layer no longer has the desired electrical properties which are necessary for communication with a reading device.
- Multi-layer body represent its own authentication feature, so that a security document with such a multi-layer body receives additional, in particular electrically or electronically verifiable security features.
- Antenna element is assigned, this can essentially
- Readers can be used and such a multi-layer body can also be used in standardized applications.
- the security element can be designed so that the influencing of the electrical properties of the antenna element remains as small as possible.
- the antenna element can then correspond to the standard both in its electrical properties and in its geometry.
- the antenna element can be designed so that it does not correspond in its electrical properties to the desired standard per se. Only by changing the electrical properties through the galvanic connection with the security element then the standard conformity is restored. This provides additional security since a manipulated, bridged or incorrectly fake security element in conjunction with the antenna element would not be capable of communicating with a standard compliant reader.
- the electrically conductive connects
- the antenna element comprises at least one turn.
- the at least one turn is arranged in a frame-shaped region of the multilayer body with the external dimensions 81 mm x 49 mm and the internal dimensions 64 mm x 34 mm.
- a frame-shaped area is to be understood that the area is limited to the outside of a rectangle with the specified external dimensions and inwardly of a rectangle with the specified internal dimensions, the sides of the two rectangles in pairs parallel and equidistant from each other.
- Such a geometry of the antenna element conforms to the standard ISO / IEC 14443-1, which makes the antenna geometry electronically readable
- the security element is arranged within the area enclosed by the at least one turn.
- Such an arrangement is particularly advantageous in order to minimize the influence of the security element on the electrical properties of the antenna element.
- the exact arrangement of the security element within the enclosed area is arbitrary.
- Security elements have an area fraction of at most 20%, preferably 10% to 15%, that of an outermost turn of the antenna element
- Security elements are further limited to the electrical properties of the antenna element.
- the electrically conductive element In a further preferred embodiment, the electrically conductive element is conductive.
- Conductor structures with such dimensions are sufficiently wide enough, in particular as a reflection layer for further optical
- the turns of the antenna element are at least 100 ⁇ , preferably between 400 ⁇ and 800 ⁇ spaced from each other to ensure sufficient adhesion of the antenna element bearing layer with above the
- Antenna element arranged to reach other layers are in particular thermoplastic, so that, for example, in a lamination process sufficient bonding of the layers through
- the electrically conductive portion of the security element is formed as a conductor track structure with a layer thickness of 20 nm to 50 [im, preferably from 5 ⁇ to 20 pm.
- the diameter of the electrically conductive portion is preferably less than 30 mm, more preferably between 15 mm and 25 mm.
- the electrically conductive subarea of the security element is preferably made of a reflective material, in particular aluminum, copper, silver gold, or a metal alloy thereof.
- the electrically conductive portion can also consist of a sequence of different conductive materials, for example of a layer structure of a base layer of silver and copper deposited thereon.
- Such materials combine good electrical conductivity with a pleasing visual appearance.
- the materials are also easy to process and can be, for example, by vapor deposition, sputtering,
- Vacuum deposition or the like can be applied in the desired geometry with high resolution and accuracy. Furthermore, it is possible to apply a first conductive base layer in a pattern in accordance with the desired shape for the electrically conductive portion and then to strengthen it galvanically. In this case, printing processes for applying the first conductive base layer can also be used. As an alternative to printing, the first conductive base layer can be deposited by vapor deposition and by means of known
- Security elements are structured by the action of a laser, in particular by laser ablation of the conductive layer. Either larger surface areas can be removed with the laser and / or microscopically fine laser perforations can be introduced into the layer (before and / or after patterning by other methods), which are imperceptible to the unaided human eye and only with one Tools are detectable. It is also advantageous if the antenna structure is galvanically connected to an integrated circuit.
- the integrated circuit provides the necessary components for communication with an external reader and also serves to store information associated with the multi-layer body. This can be, for example, personalization information for a
- Trade product information for a product or packaging label Also electronic security information, such as codes or electronic signatures can be stored.
- the antenna structure prefferably has an optimum resonance frequency between 14.5 MHz and 17.5 MHz in the state connected to the circuit, this resonance frequency being dependent, inter alia, on the characteristics of the integrated circuit.
- the resonant frequency of the antenna structure is in contact with the circuit and the electrically conductive portion of the
- Security element connected state by not more than 5%, preferably not more than 3% of the optimal resonance frequency of an otherwise geometrically identical antenna structure, which is not connected to the electrically conductive portion of the security element.
- An otherwise geometrically identical antenna structure is understood to mean an antenna structure which has no galvanic connection to the security element, but otherwise is congruent with the antenna structure connected to the security element.
- the electrically conductive subarea of the security element connects two subregions of the antenna structure
- a rectilinear connection of the subregions by a conductor track which otherwise has the same width and layer thickness as the rest of the antenna structure is to be provided.
- the antenna structure itself is detuned with respect to the read-out frequency of the reader. Only through the connection to the electrically conductive subarea of the security element, the properties of the antenna structure are changed so that a wireless communication with the reader is possible. If the security element is completely or partially removed or bridged during a manipulation attempt, the communication with the reader fails, so that such manipulations are easy to recognize.
- the antenna structure has an inductance of 1, 0 ⁇ to 6 ⁇ , preferably from 1, 5 ⁇ to 4 ⁇ , on.
- the antenna structure has a capacity of 1 pF to 55 pF, preferably 5 pF to 30 pF.
- the electrical properties are chosen so that a trouble-free communication with an external reader is possible.
- the antenna structure has an electrical resistance of 0.5 ⁇ to 6 ⁇ , preferably from 1 ⁇ to 2.5 ⁇ .
- the bandwidth of the antennas is resistance dependent. In the specified resistance range can while the desired bandwidth of 500 kHz to 1600 kHz, preferably 800 kHz to 1000 kHz can be achieved.
- the security element has an electrical resistance of from 0.2 ⁇ to 3 ⁇ , preferably from 1 ⁇ to 2 ⁇ .
- the bandwidth of the antenna structure in the state connected to the security element can be further advantageously influenced.
- the security element preferably has an inductance of 0.05 ⁇ to 1, 0 ⁇ , particularly preferably from 0.1 ⁇ to 0.5 ⁇ , on.
- the security element prefferably has a capacity of from 0.5 pF to 20 pF, preferably from 1 pF to 0 pF.
- Security elements are used. In case of tampering or inaccurate forgeries of the security element these electrical soft
- the at least one electrical property used in the method described above for authenticating the multilayer body can be a capacitance, an inductance, a quality factor and / or a resonance frequency.
- an antenna coil of a reading device is thereby preferably in register with the antenna brought electrically conductive portion. This ensures that the electrical properties of the electrically conductive subregion can be measured independently of those of the antenna structure. It is particularly useful when the antenna coil of
- Reading device during measurement covers the electrically conductive portion in the direction of the surface normal by 50% to 100%.
- the security element comprises a
- Inductive structure which is inductively connected to another induction structure of
- the security element preferably forms a design which can be recognized by the human eye and / or machine-readable, a coding, a picture, a motif, a logo, one or more alphanumeric characters or the like. In this way, on the one hand, a visually appealing design can be realized and, on the other hand, a further security feature can be provided. Manipulations or forgeries of the functional layer can then be visually or mechanically recognized, for example, by optical deviations of the security feature. It is further preferred if the security element is multilayered
- Functional layer of the security element is formed.
- Such a multi-layered construction may be used in the manufacture of the
- Multi-layer body can be realized with.
- the security element separately, for example as a film element, which is subsequently laminated with the multilayer body by laminating,
- Hot stamping, gluing or the like is connected, wherein the galvanic connection between the electrically conductive portion of the
- Security features are integrated into the security element, which further increase the protection against counterfeiting and manipulation.
- the security element comprises an optically variable structure.
- such structures produce attractive optical effects which may depend on the illumination or viewing angle.
- optically variable structures are particularly difficult to imitate and therefore offer a particularly good counterfeiting and
- the relief structures which produce the optically variable effect are introduced directly into the electrically conductive portion. This can be done, for example, by embossing into a metal layer that forms this subregion. Any manipulation of the electrically conductive In this case, the partial area immediately destroys the surface relief, so that the optically variable effect is lost or changes visually. Tampering or counterfeiting can therefore already be detected with the naked eye.
- the optically variable structure may be formed by a surface relief of a replication layer of the security element.
- the security element itself has a multilayer structure. This also ensures a particularly good manipulation and forgery security, since for manipulation of the electrically conductive portion first the other layers of the
- the security element here may also comprise special partial release and adhesive layers, which ensure that, in an attempt to detach the replication layer from the electrically conductive portion, it is destroyed.
- the electrically conductive portion may serve as a reflection layer for the optically variable structure.
- HRI high refractive index, high refractive index
- HRI high refractive index
- the surface relief can be molded into a replication layer of a separate multilayer body, for example into a hot or cold stamping foil or a self-adhesive label, and provided with a reflection layer.
- the separate multilayer body with the optically variable structure is subsequently applied to the electrically conductive subarea of the security element at least in a partial area, for example by means of an adhesive layer and a corresponding transfer method.
- the surface relief forms an optically variable element, in particular a hologram, Kinegram® or Trustseal®, a preferably linear or crossed sinusoidal diffraction grating, a linear or crossed single or multistage
- Rectangular grating a zero-order diffraction structure, an asymmetric relief structure, a blazed grating, a preferably isotropic or anisotropic matte structure, or a light-diffractive and / or refractive and / or light-focusing micro or nanostructure, a binary or continuous Fresnel lenses, a binary or continuous Fresnel -Freiform structure, a microprism structure or a combination structure thereof.
- the optically variable structure can be formed by a single-layer or multi-layer volume hologram and / or by a thin-film system, in particular a Fabry-Perot thin-film system, which produces a color change effect when the illumination and / or viewing angle changes. It is also advantageous if the security element comprises at least one partial lacquer layer which forms optical information.
- optical information can stand alone or can form an overall design in combination with a design formed by the conductive subarea and / or an optionally present optically variable structure.
- the at least one partial lacquer layer colorants especially colorful or achromatic pigments and / or dyes, and / or effect pigments, thin film systems, cholesteric
- Liquid crystals, and / or metallic or non-metallic nanoparticles comprises.
- complex visual designs can be realized, which also increase the security against counterfeiting.
- the colorants at least partially in the ultraviolet and / or infrared spectrum for fluorescence and / or
- Phosphorescence in particular in the visible spectrum, are excitable.
- security features can be integrated into the security element, which only become visible under suitable lighting conditions and can then be visually or mechanically verified. It is preferred if the optical information in the form of at least one motif, a pattern, in particular a guilloche pattern, a symbol, an image, a logo, a coding or alphanumeric characters, in particular a microtext is formed.
- the security element overlaps a further graphical element of the
- Multi-layer body in particular an individualization information, at least partially.
- the further graphical element can also be protected by the security element against manipulation or forgery, since access to the further graphical element is possible only by destroying the security element.
- the further graphic element can be, for example, a photograph of a document holder, a lettering with his personal data, a barcode, a printed text
- the multilayer body comprises a cover layer which has at least one transparent partial region and at least one non-transparent partial region.
- the cover layer comprises at least one transparent window.
- Overlayer can be used to hide functional layer portions that should not be visible, as they would, for example, disturb the overall design, while portions of the functional layer that contribute to the design are visible through the window.
- a subregion with a transmissivity of more than 50% in the human eye Under a transparent subregion, a subregion with a transmissivity of more than 50% in the human eye
- This value can be recognizable at least in a partial region of the human eye
- Spectral range are exceeded, but not necessarily in the entire spectral range.
- these window areas can also be colored, so that they are transparent according to the color only in certain parts of the visible spectral range.
- an intransparent partial region has a transmissivity of less than 0%, preferably less than 5%, in the spectral range which can be recognized by the human eye.
- optically active colorant are provided by the illumination with a wavelength outside of the with the
- human eye visible spectral range are excitable, so has a transparent portion preferably for the respective
- Excitation wavelengths have a transmissivity of at least 10%, preferably at least 25%.
- the at least one transparent partial region preferably overlaps the security element in the direction of the surface normal to the plane spanned by the multi-layer body. This ensures that at least partial areas of the security element, or its visual designs remain visible, so that, as described above, manipulation or counterfeiting attempts are recognizable.
- the at least one non-transparent partial area in the direction of the surface normal on the plane spanned by the multi-layer body at least partially overlaps the antenna structure.
- optically non-attractive partial regions of the functional layer, in particular the antenna structure or else the integrated circuit, can be hidden, so that they do not disturb the overall design of the multilayer body.
- Multilayer body at least one single image of the multi-layer body is recorded with a hand-held device and authenticated by means of an image recognition process.
- Such a hand-held device may be, for example, a
- Smartphone a tablet, a PDA or the like.
- the electrical properties of the antenna structure can be checked at the same time the optical properties of the security element.
- Multilayer body under at least one viewing angle on the
- Display of the handset is displayed. This provides additional visual control of the security element of the multi-layered body, giving the user precise guidance on how to assess and evaluate the optical features of the security element
- Forgeries are to be distinguished.
- the user can be demonstrated as to which motif changes or color effects should occur when tilting an optically variable security element.
- the user can also be displayed, for example, features known counterfeits, so that they are also safe to recognize.
- the image recognition is also expedient for the image recognition to be carried out by means of a software program executed on a different computing device from the handheld device, to which the at least one single image is transmitted via a telecommunication connection, in particular internet connection.
- a software program executed on a different computing device from the handheld device, to which the at least one single image is transmitted via a telecommunication connection, in particular internet connection.
- This allows even more complex image recognition tasks to be solved for which the computing capacity of the handheld may not be sufficient.
- Information about the security document is retrieved from a database and displayed on the screen. This may be, for example, information about the document type, the issuing office, personalized information about the document owner or the like. This allows for additional verification because the user can verify that the database information is consistent with the information on the particular security document.
- FIG. 1 embodiment of a functional layer with
- FIG. 2 alternative embodiment of a functional layer with
- FIG. 3 alternative embodiment of a functional layer with
- Fig. 4 shows an alternative embodiment of a functional layer
- FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of a multilayer body with a
- Fig. 6 shows an embodiment of a multilayer body with a
- Fig. 7 is a sectional view through a multi-layer body with a
- FIG. 11 is a detail view of a security element for a
- Fig. 12 is a detail view of an alternative security element for a
- FIG. 13 is a detail view of an alternative security element for a
- FIG. 15 A graphical plot of the frequency dependence of the
- Field strength for an antenna which is detuned with respect to a reading device and in conjunction with an embodiment of a security element reaches the necessary field strength at the readout frequency
- Field strength for an antenna which is out of tune with a reader and, in conjunction with an alternative embodiment of a security element, achieves the necessary field strength at the readout frequency
- Field strength for an antenna which is detuned relative to a reader and in conjunction with another alternative embodiment of a security element reaches the necessary field strength at the readout frequency
- 19 is a schematic representation of an arrangement for analyzing the electrical properties of an embodiment of a
- Fig. 20 A schematic representation of a transfer film for producing a multilayer body
- Fig. 21 is a schematic representation of a multi-layer body according to
- Fig. 20; 22 shows a schematic representation of a multilayer body with punched contacting after transfer of a security element from a transfer film according to FIG. 20;
- FIG. 23 shows a schematic representation of a multilayer body with punched back contact after transfer of a
- FIG. 24 A schematic representation of a multilayer body with a partially removed replication layer after transfer of a security element from a transfer film according to FIG. 20.
- Top view illustrated functional layer 1 for a multi-layer body is used to allow wireless data transmission between the
- Multi-layer body and an external reader.
- security documents such as identity cards, passports, credit cards, product labels or the like can be provided with electronically retrievable data.
- the functional layer 1 comprises an antenna structure 11, which is connected to an integrated circuit 2.
- the integrated circuit 12 includes the ones for the wireless
- a security element 13 is also provided. This has at least one conductive region 131 and is galvanically coupled to the antenna structure 1. The security element 13 initially offers an optical security function. Manipulations on the functional layer 1 can be structural
- Impairment of the security element 13 come, which may already be visually recognizable. Already a simple visual inspection of the security element 13 can therefore the manipulation and
- the galvanic connection between the conductive region 131 of the security element 13 and the antenna structure 1 1 influences the electrical properties of the antenna structure 1 1.
- the security element 13 has an influence on the inductance and capacitance of the antenna structure 1 1 and thus on their resonance frequency. If the conductive region 131 of the security element 13 connected in series with the antenna structure 1 1, so also changes their resistance and thus their bandwidth and quality factor.
- the electrical properties of the antenna structure deviate from the intended setpoint values. This can be detected by the external reader to detect forgeries or tampering. For particularly strong
- Deviations from the setpoints may make communication with the external reader quite impossible.
- Antenna structure 1 1 there are two possibilities.
- a first possible Embodiment is shown in FIG.
- Antenna structure 1 1 coupled. If the connection between the security element 13 and the antenna structure 11 is interrupted during a manipulation on the functional layer 1 in this case, the antenna structure 11 remains essentially intact. Here, it is therefore desirable if the security element 13 exerts a significant influence on the electrical properties of the antenna structure 1 1.
- the antenna structure 1 1 taken alone is preferably out of tune with the frequency used by the external reading device for communication with the functional layer 1. Only by the galvanic connection with the security element 13 is the
- Resonant frequency of the antenna structure 11 is changed so that a
- Function layer 1 can then either not be read or has so clearly changed properties that the manipulation can be detected by the reader.
- the resonance frequency of the antenna structure 1 1 changes by the connection with the security element 13 by at least 5% to the resonance frequency of the antenna structure 11 in the state not connected to the security element 13.
- FIGS. 2 and 3 An alternative embodiment is shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.
- the conductive region 131 of the security element 13 is connected to the antenna element 11 via two printed conductors 132, 133.
- the antenna element 11 is split into two subregions 111, 112, which are not connected per se. Only through the connection with the security element 13, these subregions 111, 112 are galvanically coupled.
- the antenna structure 11 per se is preferably out of tune with the read-out frequency of the reader. Only by the connection with the electrically conductive portion 131 of the
- the properties of the antenna structure 11 are changed so that a wireless communication with the reader is possible.
- the resonant frequency of the antenna structure 11 in the state connected to the circuit 12 and not connected to the electrically conductive subarea 131 of the security element 13 preferably differs by 5% to 20%, preferably by 15% to 20%, from a desired resonance frequency which the antenna structure 11 can be contacted wirelessly by means of an associated reading device.
- the electrically conductive subarea 131 of the security element 13 it is preferable for the electrically conductive subarea 131 of the security element 13 to cover an area fraction of not more than 20%, preferably of 10% to 15%, of the area 14 enclosed by an outermost turn of the antenna element 11.
- the antenna structure 11 preferably has an inductance of 1, 0 ⁇ to 6 ⁇ , preferably from 1, 5 ⁇ to 4 ⁇ , and a capacity of 1 pF to 55 pF, preferably from 5 pF to 30 pF on.
- the series connection between the conductive subregion 131 and the antenna structure 11 in the embodiment described above also alters the electrical resistance of the antenna structure 11 and thus its bandwidth.
- the resistance of the conductive partial region 131 is preferably from 0.2 ⁇ to 3 ⁇ , particularly preferably from 1 ⁇ to 2 ⁇ .
- the electrically conductive portion 131 further preferably has an inductance of 0.05 ⁇ to 1, 0 ⁇ , particularly preferably from 0.1 ⁇ to 0.5 ⁇ , and a capacity of 0.5 pF to 20 pF, preferably from 1 pF to 10 pF, up.
- the electrically conductive portion of the security element is formed as a conductor track structure with a layer thickness of 20 nm to 50 ⁇ , preferably from 5 ⁇ to 20 ⁇ .
- the electrically conductive portion of the security element of a reflective material, in particular of aluminum, copper, silver gold, or metal alloy thereof is formed.
- a reflective material in particular of aluminum, copper, silver gold, or metal alloy thereof is formed.
- Such materials combine good electrical conductivity with a pleasing visual appearance.
- the materials are also easy to process and can be, for example, by vapor deposition, sputtering,
- Vacuum deposition or the like can be applied in the desired geometry with high resolution and accuracy.
- the security element 13 is designed to be multi-layered, wherein the electrically conductive partial region 131 is superimposed by at least one further layer 134.
- Such a multi-layered construction may be used in the manufacture of the
- Multi-layer body can be realized with.
- the security element 13 it is also possible for the security element 13 to be provided separately, for example as
- Laminated body is connected by lamination, hot stamping, gluing or the like, wherein the galvanic connection between the electrically conductive portion 131 of the security element 13 and the
- Antenna structure 11 of the multilayer body is generated.
- Security element 13 are integrated, which the counterfeiting and
- FIG. 4 An example of this is shown in FIG. 4, wherein the security element 13 comprises an optically variable structure.
- the security element 13 comprises an optically variable structure.
- such structures generate attractive optical effects that are produced by the illumination or illumination
- optically variable structures are particularly difficult to imitate and therefore offer a particularly good protection against counterfeiting and manipulation.
- the optically variable structure is formed by a surface relief of a replication layer 134 of the security element 13, as shown in FIG. 4. This is expedient if the security element 13 itself has a multilayer structure. This also makes a particularly good
- the security element 13 here may also comprise special partial release and adhesive layers, which ensure that when trying to detach the replication layer 134 from the electrically conductive portion, it is destroyed.
- the electrically conductive portion 131 can serve as a reflection layer for the optically variable structure.
- HRI high refractive index, high refractive index
- HRI high refractive index
- These further reflection layers can be present over the entire surface or only partially.
- the surface relief can be molded into a replication layer of a separate multilayer body, for example into a hot or cold stamping foil or a self-adhesive label, and provided with a reflection layer.
- the separate multi-layer body with the optically variable structure is subsequently electrically connected to the at least one partial area conductive portion 131 of the security element 13 applied,
- the surface relief preferably forms an optically variable element, in particular a hologram, Kinegram® or Trustseal®
- linear or crossed sinusoidal diffraction grating preferably linear or crossed sinusoidal diffraction grating, a linear or crossed single or multi-level rectangular grid, a
- Zero-order diffraction structure an asymmetric relief structure, a blaze grating, a preferably isotropic or anisotropic matt structure, or a light-diffractive and / or refractive and / or light-focusing micro or nanostructure, a binary or continuous Fresnel lens, a binary or continuous Fresnel freeform surface, a
- Microprism structure or a combination structure thereof By means of such structures, a variety of optical effects can be realized which are both visually appealing and difficult to imitate.
- the optically variable structure in a single-layer security element 13, it is alternatively also possible for the optically variable structure to be formed by a surface relief of the electrically conductive partial region 131.
- the relief structures which produce the optically variable effect are introduced directly into the electrically conductive subregion 131. This can be done, for example, by embossing into a metal layer that forms this subregion. Any manipulation of the electrically conductive portion 131 destroyed in this case immediately the surface relief, so that the optically variable
- the optically variable structure may be provided by a single-layer or multi-layered volume hologram and / or by a change in illumination and / or illumination
- Thin-film system in particular a Fabry-Perot thin-film system may be formed.
- the security element 13 comprises at least one partial lacquer layer which forms optical information. This also makes it possible to provide an additional security feature which would be damaged in the event of manipulations on the conductive subarea.
- the optical information can stand alone or can form an overall design in combination with a design formed by the conductive subarea and / or an optionally present optically variable structure.
- the at least one partial lacquer layer colorants especially colorful or achromatic pigments and / or dyes and / or effect pigments, thin film systems, cholesteric
- Liquid crystals, and / or metallic or non-metallic nanoparticles comprises.
- the colorants are at least partially excitable in the ultraviolet and / or infrared spectrum for fluorescence and / or phosphorescence, in particular in the visible spectrum.
- further security features can be integrated into the security element 13, which are visible only under suitable lighting conditions and can then be visually or mechanically verified.
- the optical information in the form of at least one motif, a pattern, in particular a guilloche pattern, a symbol, an image, a logo, a coding or alphanumeric characters, in particular a microtext is formed.
- the functional layer 1 of the multilayer body is provided on one or both sides with a cover layer 2. This is illustrated in FIGS. 5 to 9 in various embodiments.
- the cover layer 2 has an intransparent partial region 21 and a transparent partial region 22.
- an intransparent partial region has a transmissivity of less than 10%, preferably less than 5%, in the spectral range which can be recognized by the human eye.
- the cover layer 2 comprises at least one transparent window.
- Such a cover layer 2 which is transparent in one subregion but otherwise opaque or non-transparent can be used to:
- the cover layer 2 consists of one or more polymers, for example PVC, ABS, PET, PET-G, BOPP, polypropylene, polyamide or polycarbonate, Teslin® or synthetic paper and has a layer thickness of 10 ⁇ to 400 ⁇ , preferably 50 ⁇ up to 100 ⁇ .
- the at least one non-transparent subregion 21 in the direction of the surface normal to at least partially overlap the antenna structure 1 1 as viewed on the plane spanned by the multilayer body.
- the transparent subregion 22 preferably overlaps the security element 13 in the direction of the surface normal to the plane spanned by the multi-layer body, so that its design elements of one or both sides of the multilayer body are at least partially visible.
- cover layer 2 can also further informative elements or
- Design elements may be provided, such as
- Personalization information 23 or other graphic or
- the security element 13 thus receives an additional function, namely the protection of
- FIGS. 11 to 14 show detailed views of differently configured security elements 13 that can be connected to such an antenna structure 11.
- Embodiments is influenced. Also, the inductance L, and the
- Capacitance C of the antenna structure 11 are substantially insensitive to the connection with the security element 13. Changes in the resistance R, however, have only a slight effect on the
- the antenna structure 11 it is also possible to design a security element 13 such that the electrical properties of the antenna structure 11 are significantly influenced.
- the antenna structure 11, as already explained above, must be designed so that it is detuned in the absence of the security element with respect to a read-out frequency of the external reader.
- the frequency dependence of the field strength of such an antenna structure 11 is shown in FIG. 15 for two examples. As can be seen, lies the
- Resonant frequency f 2 of a second antenna structure with the quality factor C is above the resonant frequency of the reader of 13.56 MHz.
- the quality factor of an antenna is the quotient
- the resonance frequency fi is less than 12.5 MHz and the quality factor Qi is greater than 10, and if the resonance frequency f 2 is greater than 17.5 MHz and the quality factor Q 2 is greater than 20.
- the resonance frequency of the antenna structure fi can be shifted to a value greater than 12.5 MHz, so that the field strength at the read-out frequency of 13 , 56 MHz exceeds the minimum value H min .
- the security element 13 occupies a surface portion of more than 20% of the area enclosed by the antenna structure 11 surface. Due to the shielding effect of the additional metallized surface, the inductance of the antenna structure 11 is reduced and the
- Subregion 131 the electrical resistance of the antenna structure 11 is increased considerably, so that the antenna element 11 connected to the security element 13 has an altered quality factor Q ' 2 .
- the area of the security element 13 covers less than 20% of that of the
- Antenna structure 11 enclosed area, so that capacity and
- Inductance of the antenna structure 11 hardly change.
- the resulting resonance frequency f 2 hardly changes.
- the subregions 111, 112 of an interrupted antenna structure 11 pass through the conductive subregion 131 of a
- Safety element 13 bridged with low electrical resistance. This is shown in FIG.
- the security element 13 has relatively short and wide conductor track structures, as shown in FIG.
- the security element 13 alters the antenna capacity, so that the resulting Resonance frequency f 2 shifts towards the read-out frequency of the reader. Again, communication with the reader is possible again.
- a further possibility for authenticating a security document, which comprises a security element 13 of the type described, is to read out the electrical properties of the conductive subarea 131 per se.
- an antenna coil 31 of a reading device 3 is brought into coincidence with the security element 13 for this purpose.
- the diameter of the antenna coil 31 corresponds substantially to the diameter of the security element 13, so that its properties can be detected independently of the antenna structure 11.
- a display and evaluation unit 32 it can then be determined whether the electrical properties of the security element 13 correspond to the desired values and whether the security element 13 is thus authentic or has been manipulated or forged.
- the security element 13 can first be provided as a transfer film.
- a replication layer 134 is thereby provided on a carrier layer 135 and provided with a partial metal layer which forms the conductive subregion 131 by vapor deposition and optionally subsequent structuring (for example by etching, by means of photoresist, by means of a washing process). Finally, an adhesive layer 136 is applied, with which the
- Transfer layer of the transfer film can be attached to the substrate. After transfer of the transfer layer to the functional layer 1 of the substrate, the structure according to FIG. 21 results. In the embodiment shown, the replication layer 134 remains on the carrier layer 135, so that the conductive partial regions lie on the surface. Alternatively, the replication layer 134 is transferred with, but removed in a further step.
- Security element 13 is effected by a printed conductive ink, which connects the portion 131 with the antenna element 1, not shown here.
- the substrate is preferably made of polycarbonate with a layer thickness of 50 ⁇
- the adhesive layer has a preferred layer thickness of 4 ⁇
- the interconnect structure of the security element has a preferred layer thickness of 100 nm.
- the antenna element 11 and the electrically conductive portion 131 in common galvanically reinforced.
- An alternative embodiment is shown in FIG. After the transfer layer has been transferred with the replication layer 134, the pressure of the
- the preferred Layer thickness of the electrically conductive portions 131 is preferably more than 500 nm, more preferably more than 1000 nm. Such thicknesses can be achieved by vapor deposition or advantageously by
- Galvanic reinforcement of a previously structured thin conductive such as vapor-deposited or printed conductive layer.
- conductive lacquer 15 is likewise additionally provided on the side of the functional layer 1 facing away from the security element 13, said conductive lacquer 15 likewise being connected to the conductive partial region 131 by the punched-through holes 16.
- the insulating replication layer 134 may be partially removed over the electrically conductive portion 131 so as to make direct contact between the electrically conductive portion 131 and the conductive ink 15, which after galvanizing
- Antenna structure 11 forms to allow. Punching can then be dispensed with.
- the antenna element 11 and security element 13 can also be manufactured completely separately and mechanically connected, for example by soldering, crimping, ultrasonic welding or gluing with a conductive adhesive.
- the assembly takes place on the substrate 1 by transferring the separately manufactured elements.
- a wire antenna can also be used as the antenna element 11.
- the security element 13 is applied in a first step to the substrate and then applied the wire antenna.
- this process can also be performed in reverse order. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
- Artificial Intelligence (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
- Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
- Diffracting Gratings Or Hologram Optical Elements (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA2976715A CA2976715A1 (en) | 2015-02-25 | 2016-02-25 | Multi-layered body, and security document |
NZ734474A NZ734474B2 (en) | 2015-02-25 | 2016-02-25 | Multilayer body and security document |
JP2017545359A JP2018512653A (ja) | 2015-02-25 | 2016-02-25 | 多層体及びセキュリティドキュメント |
AU2016223450A AU2016223450B2 (en) | 2015-02-25 | 2016-02-25 | Multi-layered body, and security document |
EP16707077.0A EP3262570A2 (de) | 2015-02-25 | 2016-02-25 | Mehrschichtkörper und sicherheitsdokument |
US15/552,444 US10896365B2 (en) | 2015-02-25 | 2016-02-25 | Multi-layered body, and security document |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102015102731.3 | 2015-02-25 | ||
DE102015102731.3A DE102015102731A1 (de) | 2015-02-25 | 2015-02-25 | Mehrschichtkörper und Sicherheitsdokument |
Publications (2)
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WO2016135265A2 true WO2016135265A2 (de) | 2016-09-01 |
WO2016135265A3 WO2016135265A3 (de) | 2016-10-20 |
Family
ID=55446779
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PCT/EP2016/054028 WO2016135265A2 (de) | 2015-02-25 | 2016-02-25 | Mehrschichtkörper und sicherheitsdokument |
Country Status (7)
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US (1) | US10896365B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP3262570A2 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2018512653A (de) |
AU (1) | AU2016223450B2 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2976715A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102015102731A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2016135265A2 (de) |
Cited By (1)
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DE102017106545A1 (de) * | 2017-03-27 | 2018-09-27 | Ovd Kinegram Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines optischen Sicherheitsmerkmals sowie ein Sicherheitselement und ein Sicherheitsdokument |
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KR102114169B1 (ko) * | 2018-12-26 | 2020-05-25 | 한국조폐공사 | 보안성이 향상된 다층 데이터 캐리어 및 이의 제조방법 |
DE102019105378A1 (de) * | 2019-03-04 | 2020-09-10 | Bundesdruckerei Gmbh | Tragbarer Datenträger und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines tragbaren Datenträgers |
EP3787190A1 (de) * | 2019-08-27 | 2021-03-03 | The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd | Antenne für nahfeldkommunikation |
DE102021114246A1 (de) * | 2021-06-01 | 2022-12-01 | Bundesdruckerei Gmbh | Karte und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Karte |
WO2023156918A1 (en) * | 2022-02-16 | 2023-08-24 | Avery Dennison Retail Information Services Llc | Shaped radio frequency identification (rfid) tag antennas |
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NL1011860C2 (nl) * | 1999-04-22 | 2000-10-24 | Vhp Ugchelen Bv | Veiligheidsvoorziening en toepassingen daarvan. |
WO2002095674A1 (fr) * | 2001-05-21 | 2002-11-28 | Oji Paper Co., Ltd. | Element de montage de puce ci, son procede de production et couche mince de transfert thermique utilisee dans le procede de production |
JP2003067697A (ja) * | 2001-08-29 | 2003-03-07 | Oji Paper Co Ltd | Icチップ搭載モジュールおよび該モジュールの共振周波数調整方法 |
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DE10333704B4 (de) | 2003-07-23 | 2009-12-17 | Ovd Kinegram Ag | Sicherheitselement zur RF-Identifikation |
US7549591B2 (en) | 2004-06-28 | 2009-06-23 | International Barcode Corporation | Combined multi-frequency electromagnetic and optical communication system |
DE102004031879B4 (de) | 2004-06-30 | 2017-11-02 | Ovd Kinegram Ag | Sicherheitsdokument zur RF-Identifikation |
JP2006107296A (ja) | 2004-10-08 | 2006-04-20 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | 非接触icタグおよび非接触icタグ用アンテナ |
DE102004059798A1 (de) * | 2004-12-10 | 2006-06-29 | Ovd Kinegram Ag | Optisch variables Element mit elektrisch aktiver Schicht |
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2015
- 2015-02-25 DE DE102015102731.3A patent/DE102015102731A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2016
- 2016-02-25 AU AU2016223450A patent/AU2016223450B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2016-02-25 US US15/552,444 patent/US10896365B2/en active Active
- 2016-02-25 CA CA2976715A patent/CA2976715A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2016-02-25 JP JP2017545359A patent/JP2018512653A/ja active Pending
- 2016-02-25 WO PCT/EP2016/054028 patent/WO2016135265A2/de active Application Filing
- 2016-02-25 EP EP16707077.0A patent/EP3262570A2/de not_active Withdrawn
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DE102017106545A1 (de) * | 2017-03-27 | 2018-09-27 | Ovd Kinegram Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines optischen Sicherheitsmerkmals sowie ein Sicherheitselement und ein Sicherheitsdokument |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3262570A2 (de) | 2018-01-03 |
DE102015102731A1 (de) | 2016-08-25 |
CA2976715A1 (en) | 2016-09-01 |
AU2016223450A1 (en) | 2017-08-31 |
US10896365B2 (en) | 2021-01-19 |
AU2016223450B2 (en) | 2020-10-15 |
JP2018512653A (ja) | 2018-05-17 |
NZ734474A (en) | 2021-08-27 |
WO2016135265A3 (de) | 2016-10-20 |
US20180039877A1 (en) | 2018-02-08 |
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