WO2016132076A1 - Chain mail, notably for protective equipment - Google Patents

Chain mail, notably for protective equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016132076A1
WO2016132076A1 PCT/FR2016/050375 FR2016050375W WO2016132076A1 WO 2016132076 A1 WO2016132076 A1 WO 2016132076A1 FR 2016050375 W FR2016050375 W FR 2016050375W WO 2016132076 A1 WO2016132076 A1 WO 2016132076A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
weight
proportion
limits included
stainless steel
rings
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2016/050375
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Philippe Jaunault
Franck Beneteau
Original Assignee
Manulatex France
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Manulatex France filed Critical Manulatex France
Priority to AU2016221521A priority Critical patent/AU2016221521A1/en
Priority to US15/551,697 priority patent/US20180064191A1/en
Priority to EP16712946.9A priority patent/EP3258801A1/en
Publication of WO2016132076A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016132076A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/0005—Materials specially adapted for outerwear made from a plurality of interconnected elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
    • A41D13/04—Aprons; Fastening devices for aprons
    • A41D13/043—Aprons resistant to mechanical aggressions, e.g. butcher's aprons
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D19/00—Gloves
    • A41D19/015—Protective gloves
    • A41D19/01505—Protective gloves resistant to mechanical aggressions, e.g. cutting. piercing
    • A41D19/01511—Protective gloves resistant to mechanical aggressions, e.g. cutting. piercing made of wire-mesh, e.g. butchers' gloves
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/40—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rings; for bearing races
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/42—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for armour plate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
    • C21D9/525—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length for wire, for rods
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H1/00—Personal protection gear
    • F41H1/02—Armoured or projectile- or missile-resistant garments; Composite protection fabrics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0492—Layered armour containing hard elements, e.g. plates, spheres, rods, separated from each other, the elements being connected to a further flexible layer or being embedded in a plastics or an elastomer matrix
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/001—Austenite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/005—Ferrite

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the general field of the chain mail, especially for protective equipment (including personal protective equipment like gloves, aprons, vests, etc.).
  • protective equipment including personal protective equipment like gloves, aprons, vests, etc.
  • These metal particles advantageously consist of chain mail fabrics formed by an interlacing of metal rings.
  • Such personal protective equipment is particularly appreciated for their intrinsic qualities of resistance to cutting and perforation.
  • individual level I performance protection equipment Punctured at 2.45 Joules
  • individual level II performance protection equipment (punch tested at 4.9 Joules) is suitable for use in slaughterhouses, deboning operations and processing industries when narrow-blade knives are used. are used for cutting operations in which the point of the knife is not directed towards the body. They are also suitable when large blade knives are used for cutting operations in which the point of the knife can be directed towards the body.
  • the tensile strength of the rings must be at least:
  • stabile weapons standards such as HOSDB Knife and Spikes and NU Standard 01 15.00, for performance levels KR1 / SP1, KR2 / SP2, and KR3 / SP3.
  • chain mail rings are advantageously made of stainless steel.
  • steels for example 316L, 304L austenitic
  • the document FR-2 898 250 describes a particular method of manufacturing a protective garment or part of a protective garment, comprising a sheet of metal particles assembled together, like a sheet of intertwined metal rings, or web of metal plates joined by metal joining rings or other means.
  • the corresponding method consists - initially, starting from a metal or metals with structural hardening not having undergone final heat treatment, to cut the metal particles, to shape them and to assemble them to obtain the desired metal sheet in a second step, to thermally treat the metal sheet obtained, this in a manner adapted to increase the resistance and hardness characteristics of the metal particles constituting said sheet, and finally to use the heat-treated metal sheet to make the garment; of protection sought, or to finalize the manufacture of this garment.
  • the document WO-2013/007298 describes, for its part, an individual protection equipment comprising a chainmail fabric whose rings have an outside diameter of between 3.98 mm and 4.02 mm and are manufactured with a wire diameter between 0.47 and 0.52 mm, having a tensile strength (Rm) of between approximately 1 200 and 1500 N / mm 2 .
  • the constituent metal wire of the rings comprises steel having a austeno-ferritic structure of standard composition, namely Fe with:
  • Ni content of between 4.50% by weight and 6.50% by weight
  • This composition is almost identical to the grade 1.4462 of the standard FR EN 10088-1 (2005) or 329LN of the AISI standard.
  • the invention aims to overcome this drawback of the prior art by providing a chain mail (that is to say consisting of a mesh of interlaced metal rings) which said chain mail rings are made with a stainless steel wire whose mechanical tensile strength (Rm) is between 1600 and 2550 N / mm 2 , terminals included, preferably between 1750 and 2550 N / mm 2 , inclusive terminals, and more preferably between 1900 and 2300 N / mm 2 , inclusive terminals.
  • Rm mechanical tensile strength
  • the rings of this coat of mesh are less subject to the deformations due to the external mechanical aggressions during the use and the maintenance (blows of knives, tensions, catching by machines in rotation, during the operations of cleaning in the machines, etc.); they also have a very high resistance to wear (friction against cutting tables, against logs, during cleaning operations, etc.).
  • Such a yarn also has a narrow range of mechanical tensile strength (Rm) with respect to the target value (+/- 25 N advantageously), and provides constancy and repeatability of the mechanical strength.
  • the chain mail rings are made with a stainless steel wire whose elongation at break is greater than 2%, preferably greater than 3%, more preferably between 3 and 3.5%.
  • said chain mail rings are made with a stainless steel wire, advantageously a stainless steel wire of bi-phased structure composed of ferrite and austenite, comprising (if not consisting of):
  • Mo molybdenum
  • Ni nickel (Ni) in a proportion by weight of between 4.5 and 5.5%, limits included,
  • N nitrogen in a proportion by weight of between 0.14 and 0.22%, limits included, and
  • the present invention also relates to an assembly for the meat industry, comprising:
  • a cutlery article comprising a blade made of a steel whose mechanical tensile strength (Rm) is less than 2200 N / mm 2 , and whose elongation at break is less than 2%.
  • Such a combination ensures optimum safety for the individual wearing the personal protective equipment.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a chain mail according to the invention.
  • This process comprises:
  • the present invention thus relates to a chain mail which is particularly adapted to an individual protective equipment which is intended in particular:
  • a glove comprises a hand portion extended by a portion in the form of a cylindrical sleeve intended to cover the wrist of the user. This part may be extended by extending the protective arm of the forearm or arm.
  • This glove can still be equipped with a tightening system at the wrist to ensure an effective hold on the hand.
  • This personal protection equipment comprises at least a chainmail part.
  • the coat of mail is constituted by a lattice of intertwined metal rings, also called "chain mail fabric”.
  • the metal rings are advantageously interwoven in a conventional manner, preferably of the type cotte de meshes à l'cludee.
  • the chain mail rings are made with a stainless steel wire whose tensile strength (Rm) is between 1600 and 2550 N / mm 2 , inclusive, preferably between 1750 and 2550 N / mm 2 , inclusive terminals, and preferably further between 1900 and 2300 N / mm 2 , included terminals, or even more preferably between 2000 and 2200 N / mm 2 , terminals included.
  • Rm tensile strength
  • This stainless steel wire also advantageously has an elongation at break greater than 2%, preferably greater than 3%, more preferably between 3 and 3.5%.
  • Such a pair of values for the yarn constitutes a particularly interesting compromise between the hardness and the deformability, for the protection with regard in particular to perforation phenomena and for the manufacture of the chain mail.
  • stainless steel in particular the family of steels (alloys of iron and carbon) to which is added essentially chromium which causes the formation of a protective layer of chromium oxide which gives these steels their stainlessness .
  • molybdenum or titanium which improves the stability of the alloy for temperatures other than ambient temperature, as well as
  • the chain mail rings are advantageously made with a stainless steel wire comprising (or consisting of): carbon (C) in a proportion by weight of between 0.01 and 0.03%, limits included,
  • Mo molybdenum
  • Ni nickel (Ni) in a proportion by weight of between 4.5 and 5.5%, limits included,
  • N nitrogen in a proportion by weight of between 0.14 and 0.22%, limits included, and
  • the meshes are made with a stainless steel wire comprising (or consisting of):
  • Mo molybdenum
  • Ni nickel (Ni) in a proportion by weight of between 5.18 and 5.32%, limits included,
  • N nitrogen
  • Fe iron
  • Such stainless steel advantageously comprises a bi-phased structure composed of ferrite and austenite, also called “duplex steel”.
  • Such stainless steel is still referred to as belonging to the family of austenitic-ferritic steels.
  • the chain mail rings have an outer diameter of between 3.8 mm and 4.2 mm, including terminals, and are made of stainless steel wire whose diameter is between 0.38. mm and 0.6 mm, terminals included.
  • the rings are made of stainless steel wire whose diameter is between:
  • terminals included preferably between 0.38 mm and 0.45 mm, terminals included;
  • terminals included preferably between 0.5 mm and 0.6 mm, terminals included.
  • the rings have a tensile strength that is greater than 300 N, preferably with:
  • the chain mail rings have an outer diameter of 4 mm, and are made of stainless steel wire whose diameter is 0.4 mm.
  • the wire then has a tensile strength (Rm) of the order of 2100 N / mm 2 ; and the rings have a tensile strength of the order of 350 N.
  • Such personal protective equipment then fulfills a performance level I (tested in perforation at 2.45 Joules according to standard NF EN ISO 13998).
  • the chain mail rings have an outer diameter of 4 mm, and are made of stainless steel wire whose diameter is 0.5 mm.
  • the wire then also comprises a tensile strength (Rm) of
  • the rings have an outer diameter of between 6.5 mm and 8 mm, including terminals, and are made of stainless steel wire whose diameter is between 0.6 mm and 1 mm, terminals included.
  • Such a coat of stitches is particularly interesting in ballistic uses, especially in the form of a stab wipe pack added to a ballistic solution.
  • this coat of mesh is used in combination with a multilayer complex of technical textile (aramid fibers, high tenacity polyester, etc.).
  • the rings of this coat of mesh can thus be made with a wire of reduced diameter, while retaining appropriate performance qualities.
  • the rings then advantageously comprise a usual outer diameter but an increased inner diameter.
  • the invention also relates to a set for the meat industry, comprising:
  • a cutlery article comprising a blade made of a steel whose tensile strength (Rm) is less than 2200 N / mm 2 and whose elongation at break is less than 2% .
  • this stainless steel can quite be worked by the implementation of a conventional method of manufacturing chain mail, using conventional machines.
  • the manufacture of a chain mail according to the invention comprises the following steps:

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to chain mail, that is to say a lattice of interlinked metal rings, notably for personal protective equipment. Said chain mail is characterized in that said chain mail rings are made using a stainless steel wire, the mechanical tensile strength (Rm) of which is between 1600 and 2550 N/mm2, limits included.

Description

COTTE DE MAILLES, NOTAMMENT POUR EQUIPEMENT DE PROTECTION  KNITTED COTTON, IN PARTICULAR FOR PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
DOMAINE TECHNIQUE AUQUEL SE RAPPORTE L'INVENTIONTECHNICAL FIELD TO WHICH THE INVENTION REFERS
La présente invention concerne le domaine général de la cotte de mailles, notamment pour les équipements de protection (notamment les équipements individuels de protection du genre gants, tabliers, gilets, etc.). ARRIERE-PLAN TECHNOLOGIQUE The present invention relates to the general field of the chain mail, especially for protective equipment (including personal protective equipment like gloves, aprons, vests, etc.). BACKGROUND
Les équipements individuels de protection pour certaines industries (notamment les industries utilisant des articles de coutellerie, par exemple l'industrie de la viande), ou pour la protection contre les agressions par projectiles (balles, éclats, etc.) ou armes blanches, comportent fréquemment des parties en particules métalliques.  Individual protective equipment for certain industries (eg industries using cutlery, eg the meat industry), or for protection against projectile attack (bullets, flakes, etc.) or knives, includes frequently parts of metal particles.
Ces particules métalliques consistent avantageusement en des tissus de cotte de mailles formés par un entrelacement d'anneaux métalliques.  These metal particles advantageously consist of chain mail fabrics formed by an interlacing of metal rings.
De tels équipements individuels de protection sont appréciés en particulier pour leurs qualités intrinsèques de résistance à la coupure et à la perforation.  Such personal protective equipment is particularly appreciated for their intrinsic qualities of resistance to cutting and perforation.
Etant donné la fonction protectrice recherchée, on souhaite obtenir des nappes métalliques ayant des caractéristiques de résistance et de sécurité optimales.  Given the desired protective function, it is desired to obtain metal sheets having optimum strength and safety characteristics.
Ces caractéristiques de performance sont par exemple définies dans la norme NF EN ISO 13998.  These performance characteristics are for example defined in the standard NF EN ISO 13998.
Selon cette norme, les équipements individuels de protection de niveau I de performance (testés en perforation à 2,45 Joules) offrent une certaine protection contre les coupures et conviennent seulement dans les situations de travaux légers et si des mouvements violents pour trancher vers le corps n'ont pas lieu.  According to this standard, individual level I performance protection equipment (punctured at 2.45 Joules) provides some protection against cuts and is suitable only for light work situations and if violent movements to slice towards the body. do not take place.
Encore selon cette norme, les équipements individuels de protection de niveau II de performance (testés en perforation à 4,9 Joules) conviennent pour les utilisations dans les abattoirs, dans les opérations de désossage et dans les industries de transformation lorsque des couteaux à lames étroites sont utilisés pour des opérations de découpe dans lesquelles la pointe du couteau n'est pas dirigée vers le corps Ils conviennent également lorsque des couteaux à larges lames sont utilisés pour des opérations de découpe dans lesquelles la pointe du couteau peut être dirigée vers le corps.  Again according to this standard, individual level II performance protection equipment (punch tested at 4.9 Joules) is suitable for use in slaughterhouses, deboning operations and processing industries when narrow-blade knives are used. are used for cutting operations in which the point of the knife is not directed towards the body. They are also suitable when large blade knives are used for cutting operations in which the point of the knife can be directed towards the body.
Toujours selon cette norme, la résistance à la traction des anneaux doit être au minimum de :  According to this standard, the tensile strength of the rings must be at least:
- 100 N +/- 10 N pour le niveau I de performance, et  - 100 N +/- 10 N for level I performance, and
- 200 N +/- 10 N pour le niveau II de performance. Il existe également des normes relatives aux pares armes blanches, par exemple les normes HOSDB Knife and Spikes et NU standard 01 15.00, pour les niveaux de performance KR1 /SP1 , KR2/SP2, et KR3/SP3. - 200 N +/- 10 N for level II performance. There are also stabile weapons standards, such as HOSDB Knife and Spikes and NU Standard 01 15.00, for performance levels KR1 / SP1, KR2 / SP2, and KR3 / SP3.
Pour cela, par exemple, dans le document FR-2 898 249, il a été proposé de réaliser le tissu en cotte de mailles avec des anneaux qui ont un diamètre intérieur compris entre 3 et 3,2 mm et qui sont fabriqués avec un fil ayant un diamètre inférieur à 0,45 mm.  For this, for example, in the document FR-2 898 249, it has been proposed to produce the fabric chain mail with rings which have an internal diameter of between 3 and 3.2 mm and which are made with a wire having a diameter less than 0,45 mm.
Ces anneaux de cotte de mailles sont avantageusement réalisés en acier inoxydable.  These chain mail rings are advantageously made of stainless steel.
Cependant, d'une manière générale, l'homme du métier considère que les techniques de fabrication des cottes de mailles, et en particulier les opérations nécessaires de découpe, d'emboutissage, de mise en forme, de cintrage et/ou de soudage des particules métalliques, limitent les possibilités d'utiliser des métaux très durs et très résistants.  However, in general, those skilled in the art consider that the techniques for manufacturing chainmail, and in particular the necessary operations of cutting, stamping, shaping, bending and / or welding of metallic particles, limit the possibilities of using very hard and very resistant metals.
De ce fait, on utilise traditionnellement des aciers (par exemple 316L, 304L austénitiques), dont les caractéristiques de résistance et de dureté sont à la limite des possibilités de découpe, de façonnage et de soudage des particules constitutives des nappes précitées.  As a result, steels (for example 316L, 304L austenitic) have traditionally been used, the strength and hardness characteristics of which are at the limit of the possibilities of cutting, forming and welding the constituent particles of the aforementioned sheets.
A côté de cela, quelques solutions ont été proposées pour la fourniture de cottes de mailles réalisées dans des métaux permettant l'obtention de nappes ayant des propriétés de résistance et de dureté supérieures aux nappes classiques, ou ayant des propriétés similaires mais dont le poids serait inférieur du fait de l'utilisation d'une épaisseur moindre.  In addition to this, some solutions have been proposed for the supply of chainmail made of metals allowing to obtain plies having properties of resistance and hardness superior to conventional plies, or having similar properties but whose weight would be lower because of the use of a lower thickness.
Par exemple, le document FR-2 898 250 décrit un procédé de fabrication particulier d'un vêtement de protection ou d'une partie de vêtement de protection, comportant une nappe de particules métalliques assemblées entre elles, genre nappe d'anneaux métalliques entrelacés, ou nappe de plaquettes métalliques assemblées par des anneaux métalliques de jonction ou autre moyen.  For example, the document FR-2 898 250 describes a particular method of manufacturing a protective garment or part of a protective garment, comprising a sheet of metal particles assembled together, like a sheet of intertwined metal rings, or web of metal plates joined by metal joining rings or other means.
Le procédé correspondant consiste - dans un premier temps, partant d'un métal ou de métaux à durcissement structural n'ayant pas subi de traitement thermique final, à découper les particules métalliques, les façonner et les assembler entre elles pour obtenir la nappe métallique recherchée, - dans un second temps, à traiter thermiquement la nappe métallique obtenue, ceci de manière adaptée pour augmenter les caractéristiques de résistance et de dureté des particules métalliques constitutives de ladite nappe, - et enfin à utiliser la nappe métallique traitée thermiquement pour fabriquer le vêtement de protection recherché, ou pour finaliser la fabrication de ce vêtement.  The corresponding method consists - initially, starting from a metal or metals with structural hardening not having undergone final heat treatment, to cut the metal particles, to shape them and to assemble them to obtain the desired metal sheet in a second step, to thermally treat the metal sheet obtained, this in a manner adapted to increase the resistance and hardness characteristics of the metal particles constituting said sheet, and finally to use the heat-treated metal sheet to make the garment; of protection sought, or to finalize the manufacture of this garment.
Selon un autre exemple, le document WO-2013/007298 décrit quant à lui un équipement individuel de protection comprenant un tissu de cotte de mailles dont les anneaux ont un diamètre extérieur compris entre 3,98 et 4,02 mm et sont fabriqués avec un fil dont le diamètre est compris entre 0,47 et 0,52 mm, présentant une résistance mécanique à la traction (Rm) comprise entre environ 1 200 et 1 500 N/mm2. According to another example, the document WO-2013/007298 describes, for its part, an individual protection equipment comprising a chainmail fabric whose rings have an outside diameter of between 3.98 mm and 4.02 mm and are manufactured with a wire diameter between 0.47 and 0.52 mm, having a tensile strength (Rm) of between approximately 1 200 and 1500 N / mm 2 .
Dans ce document, le fil métallique constitutif des anneaux comprend de l'acier ayant une structure austéno-ferritique de composition standard, à savoir du Fe avec :  In this document, the constituent metal wire of the rings comprises steel having a austeno-ferritic structure of standard composition, namely Fe with:
- une teneur en C non supérieure à 0,03 % en poids ;  a C content of not more than 0.03% by weight;
- une teneur en Mn ne dépassant pas 2,00 % en poids ;  a Mn content not exceeding 2.00% by weight;
- une teneur en Si non supérieure à 0,75 % en poids ;  a Si content of not more than 0.75% by weight;
- une teneur en S non supérieure à 0,01 % en poids ;  an S content of not more than 0.01% by weight;
- une teneur en P non supérieure à 0,030 % en poids ;  a P content of not more than 0.030% by weight;
- une teneur en Ni comprise entre 4,50 % en poids et 6,50 % en poids ;  a Ni content of between 4.50% by weight and 6.50% by weight;
- une teneur en Cr comprise entre 21 % en poids et 23 % en poids ;  a content of Cr of between 21% by weight and 23% by weight;
- une teneur en Mo comprise entre 2,50 % en poids et 3,50 % en poids ;  a Mo content of between 2.50% by weight and 3.50% by weight;
- une teneur en N comprise entre 0,15 % en poids et 0,20 % en poids ;  an N content of between 0.15% by weight and 0.20% by weight;
le reste étant essentiellement du Fe et des impuretés accidentelles. the rest being essentially Fe and accidental impurities.
Cette composition est quasiment identique à la nuance 1 .4462 de la norme FR EN 10088-1 (2005) ou 329LN de la norme AISI.  This composition is almost identical to the grade 1.4462 of the standard FR EN 10088-1 (2005) or 329LN of the AISI standard.
Toutefois, le document WO-2013/007298 ne divulgue pas une cotte de mailles dont les performances sont optimales sur le plan de la résistance mécanique à la traction (Rm) et de l'abrasion.  However, the document WO-2013/007298 does not disclose a chain mail whose performance is optimal in terms of mechanical tensile strength (Rm) and abrasion.
Ces caractéristiques intrinsèques ne permettent alors pas de descendre en diamètre de fil inférieur à 0,47mm, engendrant alors des problèmes de poids des équipements.  These intrinsic characteristics then make it impossible to go down to a wire diameter of less than 0.47 mm, thus generating equipment weight problems.
L'homme du métier connaît en outre le risque de chercher à trop augmenter la résistance mécanique à la traction (Rm) du fil, sous peine d'obtenir un matériau cassant du fait de sa faible capacité d'allongement à la rupture et donc imparfait pour répondre à ces normes.  The person skilled in the art is also aware of the risk of trying to increase the tensile strength (Rm) of the yarn too much, otherwise a brittle material will be obtained because of its low elongation at breakability capacity and therefore imperfect. to meet these standards.
Compte tenu de ce qui précède, il s'avère intéressant de proposer de nouvelles solutions pour l'obtention de cottes de mailles ayant des propriétés de résistance et/ou de dureté supérieures aux nappes précitées, ou ayant des propriétés similaires mais dont le poids serait inférieur du fait de l'utilisation d'une épaisseur moindre, voire une cotte de mailles offrant un compromis entre ces deux objectifs.  In view of the foregoing, it is interesting to propose new solutions for obtaining coats of mesh having strength and / or hardness properties superior to the aforementioned plies, or having similar properties but whose weight would be lower because of the use of a lesser thickness or even a chain mail offering a compromise between these two objectives.
OBJET DE L'INVENTION OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
L'invention vise à remédier à cet inconvénient de l'art antérieur en proposant une cotte de mailles (c'est-à-dire constituée d'un treillis d'anneaux métalliques entrelacés) dont lesdits anneaux de cotte de mailles sont réalisés avec un fil en acier inoxydable dont la résistance mécanique à la traction (Rm) est comprise entre 1600 et 2550 N/mm2, bornes incluses, de préférence entre 1750 et 2550 N/mm2, bornes incluses, et de préférence encore comprise entre 1900 et 2300 N/mm2, bornes incluses. The invention aims to overcome this drawback of the prior art by providing a chain mail (that is to say consisting of a mesh of interlaced metal rings) which said chain mail rings are made with a stainless steel wire whose mechanical tensile strength (Rm) is between 1600 and 2550 N / mm 2 , terminals included, preferably between 1750 and 2550 N / mm 2 , inclusive terminals, and more preferably between 1900 and 2300 N / mm 2 , inclusive terminals.
Les inventeurs ont constaté que, de manière surprenante et inattendue, malgré sa forte résistance mécanique à la traction (Rm), un tel fil reste peu cassant et est bien adapté à la mise en œuvre de techniques conventionnelles de fabrication des cottes de mailles, et en particulier les opérations traditionnelles de découpe, d'emboutissage, de mise en forme, de cintrage et/ou de soudage des particules métalliques.  The inventors have found that, surprisingly and unexpectedly, despite its high mechanical tensile strength (Rm), such a yarn is not very brittle and is well suited to the implementation of conventional techniques for manufacturing chainmail, and in particular the traditional operations of cutting, stamping, shaping, bending and / or welding of metal particles.
Les anneaux de cette cotte de mailles sont moins sujets aux déformations dues aux agressions mécaniques extérieures lors de l'utilisation et de l'entretien (coups de couteaux, tensions, happement par des machines en rotation, lors des opérations de nettoyages dans les machines, etc.) ; ils comportent également une très grande résistance à l'usure (frottements contre les tables de découpe, contre les billots, lors des opérations de nettoyages, etc.).  The rings of this coat of mesh are less subject to the deformations due to the external mechanical aggressions during the use and the maintenance (blows of knives, tensions, catching by machines in rotation, during the operations of cleaning in the machines, etc.); they also have a very high resistance to wear (friction against cutting tables, against logs, during cleaning operations, etc.).
Un tel fil a également une plage étroite de résistance mécanique à la traction (Rm) par rapport à la valeur cible (+/- 25 N avantageusement), et apporte une constance et une répétabilité de la résistance mécanique.  Such a yarn also has a narrow range of mechanical tensile strength (Rm) with respect to the target value (+/- 25 N advantageously), and provides constancy and repeatability of the mechanical strength.
De plus, les inventeurs ont montré qu'un tel matériau permet l'obtention soit d'une cotte de mailles ayant des propriétés de résistance et de dureté supérieures aux nappes précitées, soit d'une cotte de mailles ayant des propriétés similaires mais dont le poids serait inférieur du fait de l'utilisation d'une épaisseur moindre, voire d'une cotte de mailles offrant un compromis entre ces deux objectifs.  In addition, the inventors have shown that such a material makes it possible to obtain either a coat of mesh having properties of resistance and hardness superior to the aforementioned sheets, or of a chain mail with similar properties but whose weight would be lower because of the use of a lesser thickness, even a chain mail offering a compromise between these two objectives.
Une telle cotte de mailles confère :  Such a coat of mail confers:
- légèreté,  - lightness,
- résistance à la déformation, et  - resistance to deformation, and
- résistance à l'usure.  - wear resistance.
De préférence, les anneaux de cotte de mailles sont réalisés avec un fil en acier inoxydable dont l'allongement à la rupture est supérieure à 2%, de préférence supérieure à 3%, de préférence encore comprise entre 3 et 3,5%.  Preferably, the chain mail rings are made with a stainless steel wire whose elongation at break is greater than 2%, preferably greater than 3%, more preferably between 3 and 3.5%.
Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, lesdits anneaux de cotte de mailles sont réalisés avec un fil en acier inoxydable, avantageusement un fil en acier inoxydable de structure bi-phasée composée de ferrite et d'austénite, comprenant (voire consistant en) :  According to a preferred embodiment, said chain mail rings are made with a stainless steel wire, advantageously a stainless steel wire of bi-phased structure composed of ferrite and austenite, comprising (if not consisting of):
- du carbone (C) dans une proportion en poids comprise entre 0,01 et 0,03 %, bornes incluses,  carbon (C) in a proportion by weight of between 0.01 and 0.03%, limits included,
- du silicium (Si) dans une proportion en poids comprise entre 0,4 et 0,6 %, bornes incluses,  silicon (Si) in a proportion by weight of between 0.4 and 0.6%, limits included,
- du manganèse (Mn) dans une proportion en poids comprise entre 0,7 et 0,9 %, bornes incluses,  manganese (Mn) in a proportion by weight of between 0.7 and 0.9%, limits included,
- du phosphore (P) dans une proportion en poids inférieure ou égale à 0,03 %, - du souffre (S) dans une proportion en poids inférieure ou égale à 0,015 %,phosphorus (P) in a proportion by weight of less than or equal to 0.03%, - sulfur (S) in a proportion by weight less than or equal to 0.015%,
- du chrome (Cr) dans une proportion en poids comprise entre 21 et 23 %, bornes incluses, chromium (Cr) in a proportion by weight of between 21 and 23%, limits included,
- du molybdène (Mo) dans une proportion en poids comprise entre 2,9 et 3,5 %, bornes incluses,  molybdenum (Mo) in a proportion by weight of between 2.9 and 3.5%, limits included,
- du nickel (Ni) dans une proportion en poids comprise entre 4,5 et 5,5 %, bornes incluses,  nickel (Ni) in a proportion by weight of between 4.5 and 5.5%, limits included,
- de l'azote (N) dans une proportion en poids comprise entre 0,14 et 0,22 %, bornes incluses, et  nitrogen (N) in a proportion by weight of between 0.14 and 0.22%, limits included, and
- du fer (Fe), dans une proportion en poids restante pour obtenir iron (Fe), in a proportion by weight remaining to obtain
100 %, sauf impuretés accidentelles. 100%, except accidental impurities.
La présente invention concerne également un ensemble pour l'industrie de la viande, comprenant :  The present invention also relates to an assembly for the meat industry, comprising:
- un équipement individuel de protection selon l'invention, et  an individual protective equipment according to the invention, and
- un article de coutellerie comportant une lame réalisée dans un acier dont la résistance mécanique à la traction (Rm) est inférieure à 2200 N/mm2, et dont l'allongement à la rupture est inférieur à 2%. - A cutlery article comprising a blade made of a steel whose mechanical tensile strength (Rm) is less than 2200 N / mm 2 , and whose elongation at break is less than 2%.
Une telle combinaison assure une sécurité optimale pour l'individu portant l'équipement individuel de protection.  Such a combination ensures optimum safety for the individual wearing the personal protective equipment.
La présente invention concerne aussi un procédé pour la fabrication d'une cotte de mailles selon l'invention.  The present invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a chain mail according to the invention.
Ce procédé comprend :  This process comprises:
- la fourniture d'un fil en acier inoxydable dont la résistance mécanique à la traction (Rm) est comprise entre 1600 et 2550 N/mm2, bornes incluses, et avantageusement dont l'allongement à la rupture est supérieure à 2%, de préférence supérieure à 3%, de préférence encore comprise entre 3 et 3,5%, the provision of a stainless steel wire whose mechanical tensile strength (Rm) is between 1600 and 2550 N / mm 2 , inclusive, and advantageously whose elongation at break is greater than 2%, preferably greater than 3%, more preferably between 3 and 3.5%,
et and
- la découpe de tronçons dans ledit fil, le façonnage et l'assemblage desdits tronçons pour obtenir ladite cotte de mailles.  - cutting sections in said wire, shaping and assembling said sections to obtain said coat of mail.
DESCRIPTION DÉTAILLÉE DE L'INVENTION DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
La présente invention concerne ainsi une cotte de mailles qui est notamment adaptée à un équipement individuel de protection qui est destiné en particulier :  The present invention thus relates to a chain mail which is particularly adapted to an individual protective equipment which is intended in particular:
- à l'industrie de la viande, pour assurer la protection de la main d'une personne qui utilise des outils coupants ou tranchants, ou  - the meat industry, to protect the hand of a person who uses sharp or sharp tools, or
- à la protection contre les agressions par projectiles (balles, éclats, etc.) ou armes blanches.  - protection against attacks by projectiles (bullets, shards, etc.) or knives.
De tels équipements individuels de protection sont par exemple décrits dans le document FR-2 898 249. Par exemple, un gant comprend une partie main prolongée par une partie en forme de manchon cylindrique destiné à venir recouvrir le poignet de l'utilisateur. Cette partie peut être prolongée d'une extension formant manchette de protection de l'avant- bras ou du bras. Such personal protective equipment is described, for example, in document FR-2 898 249. For example, a glove comprises a hand portion extended by a portion in the form of a cylindrical sleeve intended to cover the wrist of the user. This part may be extended by extending the protective arm of the forearm or arm.
Ce gant peut encore être équipé d'un système de serrage au niveau du poignet pour assurer une tenue efficace sur la main.  This glove can still be equipped with a tightening system at the wrist to ensure an effective hold on the hand.
Cet équipement individuel de protection comprend au moins une partie en cotte de mailles.  This personal protection equipment comprises at least a chainmail part.
La cotte de mailles est constituée par un treillis d'anneaux métalliques entrelacés, dit encore « tissu de cotte de mailles ».  The coat of mail is constituted by a lattice of intertwined metal rings, also called "chain mail fabric".
Les anneaux métalliques sont avantageusement entrelacés de manière classique, de préférence du type cotte de mailles à l'anglaise.  The metal rings are advantageously interwoven in a conventional manner, preferably of the type cotte de meshes à l'anglaise.
Selon l'invention, les anneaux de cotte de mailles sont réalisés avec un fil en acier inoxydable dont la résistance mécanique à la traction (Rm) est comprise entre 1600 et 2550 N/mm2, bornes incluses, de préférence entre 1750 et 2550 N/mm2, bornes incluses, et de préférence encore comprise entre 1900 et 2300 N/mm2, bornes incluses, voire encore de préférence entre 2000 et 2200 N/mm2, bornes incluses. According to the invention, the chain mail rings are made with a stainless steel wire whose tensile strength (Rm) is between 1600 and 2550 N / mm 2 , inclusive, preferably between 1750 and 2550 N / mm 2 , inclusive terminals, and preferably further between 1900 and 2300 N / mm 2 , included terminals, or even more preferably between 2000 and 2200 N / mm 2 , terminals included.
Ce fil en acier inoxydable présente également avantageusement un allongement à la rupture supérieure à 2%, de préférence supérieure à 3%, de préférence encore comprise entre 3 et 3,5%.  This stainless steel wire also advantageously has an elongation at break greater than 2%, preferably greater than 3%, more preferably between 3 and 3.5%.
Un tel couple de valeurs pour le fil (résistance mécanique à la traction (Rm) / allongement à la rupture) constitue un compromis particulièrement intéressant entre la dureté et la déformabilité, pour la protection à l'égard notamment des phénomènes de perforation et pour la fabrication de la cotte de mailles.  Such a pair of values for the yarn (tensile strength (Rm) / elongation at break) constitutes a particularly interesting compromise between the hardness and the deformability, for the protection with regard in particular to perforation phenomena and for the manufacture of the chain mail.
Par « acier inoxydable », on entend en particulier la famille d'aciers (alliages de fer et de carbone) auxquels est ajouté essentiellement du chrome qui provoque la formation d'une couche protectrice d'oxyde de chrome qui confère à ces aciers leur inoxydabilité.  By "stainless steel" is meant in particular the family of steels (alloys of iron and carbon) to which is added essentially chromium which causes the formation of a protective layer of chromium oxide which gives these steels their stainlessness .
D'autres éléments peuvent être ajoutés, notamment :  Other elements can be added, including:
- le nickel qui améliore les propriétés mécaniques en général et la ductilité en particulier,  nickel, which improves the mechanical properties in general and ductility in particular,
- le molybdène ou le titane qui améliore la stabilité de l'alliage pour des températures autres que la température ambiante, ainsi que  molybdenum or titanium which improves the stability of the alloy for temperatures other than ambient temperature, as well as
- des éléments à hauts points de fusion comme le vanadium et le tungstène. Les inventeurs ont identifié un acier inoxydable particulier, dont la composition chimique spécifique génère la résistance mécanique précitée et permet la réalisation d'un fil particulièrement adapté à la réalisation d'anneaux de cotte de mailles.  elements with high melting points, such as vanadium and tungsten. The inventors have identified a particular stainless steel, whose specific chemical composition generates the aforementioned mechanical strength and allows the production of a wire particularly suitable for the production of chain mail rings.
A cet égard, les anneaux de cotte de mailles sont avantageusement réalisés avec un fil en acier inoxydable comprenant (voire consistant en) : - du carbone (C) dans une proportion en poids comprise entre 0,01 et 0,03 %, bornes incluses, In this respect, the chain mail rings are advantageously made with a stainless steel wire comprising (or consisting of): carbon (C) in a proportion by weight of between 0.01 and 0.03%, limits included,
- du silicium (Si) dans une proportion en poids comprise entre 0,4 et 0,6 %, bornes incluses,  silicon (Si) in a proportion by weight of between 0.4 and 0.6%, limits included,
- du manganèse (Mn) dans une proportion en poids comprise entre 0,7 et 0,9 %, bornes incluses,  manganese (Mn) in a proportion by weight of between 0.7 and 0.9%, limits included,
- du phosphore (P) dans une proportion en poids inférieure ou égale à 0,03 % phosphorus (P) in a proportion by weight less than or equal to 0.03%
- du souffre (S) dans une proportion en poids inférieure ou égale à 0,015 %- sulfur (S) in a proportion by weight less than or equal to 0.015%
- du chrome (Cr) dans une proportion en poids comprise entre 21 et 23 %, bornes incluses, chromium (Cr) in a proportion by weight of between 21 and 23%, limits included,
- du molybdène (Mo) dans une proportion en poids comprise entre 2,9 et 3,5 %, bornes incluses,  molybdenum (Mo) in a proportion by weight of between 2.9 and 3.5%, limits included,
- du nickel (Ni) dans une proportion en poids comprise entre 4,5 et 5,5 %, bornes incluses,  nickel (Ni) in a proportion by weight of between 4.5 and 5.5%, limits included,
- de l'azote (N) dans une proportion en poids comprise entre 0,14 et 0,22 %, bornes incluses, et  nitrogen (N) in a proportion by weight of between 0.14 and 0.22%, limits included, and
- du fer (Fe), dans une proportion en poids restante pour obtenir 100 %, sauf impuretés accidentelles.  iron (Fe), in a proportion by weight remaining to obtain 100%, except accidental impurities.
De préférence encore, les mailles sont réalisées avec un fil en acier inoxydable comprenant (voire consistant en) :  More preferably, the meshes are made with a stainless steel wire comprising (or consisting of):
- du carbone (C) dans une proportion en poids comprise entre 0,012 et 0,021 %, bornes incluses,  carbon (C) in a proportion by weight of between 0.012 and 0.021%, limits included,
- du silicium (Si) dans une proportion en poids comprise entre 0,46 et 0,59 %, bornes incluses,  silicon (Si) in a proportion by weight of between 0.46 and 0.59%, limits included,
- du manganèse (Mn) dans une proportion en poids comprise entre 0,76 et 0,88 %, bornes incluses,  - manganese (Mn) in a proportion by weight of between 0.76 and 0.88%, limits included,
- du phosphore (P) dans une proportion en poids comprise entre 0,021 et 0,027 %, bornes incluses,  phosphorus (P) in a proportion by weight of between 0.021 and 0.027%, limits included,
- du souffre (S) dans une proportion en poids comprise entre 0,0005 et 0,0009 %, bornes incluses,  sulfur (S) in a proportion by weight of between 0.0005 and 0.0009%, limits included,
- du chrome (Cr) dans une proportion en poids comprise entre 22,09 et 22,37 %, bornes incluses,  chromium (Cr) in a proportion by weight of between 22.09 and 22.37%, limits included,
- du molybdène (Mo) dans une proportion en poids comprise entre 3,15 et 3,27 %, bornes incluses,  molybdenum (Mo) in a proportion by weight of between 3.15 and 3.27%, limits included,
- du nickel (Ni) dans une proportion en poids comprise entre 5,18 et 5,32 %, bornes incluses,  nickel (Ni) in a proportion by weight of between 5.18 and 5.32%, limits included,
- de l'azote (N) dans une proportion en poids comprise entre 0,162 et 0,20 %, bornes incluses, et - du fer (Fe), dans une proportion en poids restante pour obtenir 100 %, sauf impuretés accidentelles. nitrogen (N) in a proportion by weight of between 0.162 and 0.20%, limits included, and iron (Fe), in a proportion by weight remaining to obtain 100%, except accidental impurities.
Un tel acier inoxydable comporte avantageusement une structure bi-phasée composée de ferrite et d'austénite, dit encore « acier duplex ».  Such stainless steel advantageously comprises a bi-phased structure composed of ferrite and austenite, also called "duplex steel".
Un tel acier inoxydable est encore désigné comme appartenant à la famille des aciers austéno-ferritiques.  Such stainless steel is still referred to as belonging to the family of austenitic-ferritic steels.
Différents tissus en cotte de mailles peuvent ainsi être fabriqués à partir de cet acier inoxydable pour la réalisation d'équipements individuels de protection.  Different fabrics mesh mail can be made from this stainless steel for the realization of personal protective equipment.
Selon un premier mode de réalisation, les anneaux de cotte de mailles ont un diamètre extérieur compris entre 3,8 mm et 4,2 mm, bornes incluses, et sont réalisés en fil d'acier inoxydable dont le diamètre est compris entre 0,38 mm et 0,6 mm, bornes incluses.  According to a first embodiment, the chain mail rings have an outer diameter of between 3.8 mm and 4.2 mm, including terminals, and are made of stainless steel wire whose diameter is between 0.38. mm and 0.6 mm, terminals included.
Dans ce cas, de préférence, les anneaux sont réalisés en fil d'acier inoxydable dont le diamètre est compris entre :  In this case, preferably, the rings are made of stainless steel wire whose diameter is between:
- 0,38 mm et 0,5 mm, bornes incluses, de préférence entre 0,38 mm et 0,45 mm, bornes incluses ; ou  0.38 mm and 0.5 mm, terminals included, preferably between 0.38 mm and 0.45 mm, terminals included; or
- 0,45 mm et 0,6 mm, bornes incluses, de préférence entre 0,5 mm et 0,6 mm, bornes incluses.  0.45 mm and 0.6 mm, terminals included, preferably between 0.5 mm and 0.6 mm, terminals included.
Sans être limitatif, les anneaux comportent une résistance à la traction qui est supérieure à 300 N, avec de préférence :  Without being limiting, the rings have a tensile strength that is greater than 300 N, preferably with:
- une résistance à la traction comprise entre 300 et 400 N, réalisés avec un fil de diamètre 0,4 mm et  a tensile strength of between 300 and 400 N, made with a 0.4 mm diameter wire, and
- une résistance à la traction comprise entre 500 et 600 N, réalisés avec un fil de diamètre 0,5 mm.  a tensile strength of between 500 and 600 N, made with a 0.5 mm diameter wire.
Dans ce cadre, pour la réalisation d'un gant ou d'un tablier par exemple, les anneaux de cotte de mailles ont un diamètre extérieur de 4 mm, et sont réalisés en fil d'acier inoxydable dont le diamètre est de 0,4 mm.  In this context, for the production of a glove or an apron for example, the chain mail rings have an outer diameter of 4 mm, and are made of stainless steel wire whose diameter is 0.4 mm.
Le fil comporte alors une résistance mécanique à la traction (Rm) de l'ordre de 2100 N/mm2 ; et les anneaux ont une résistance à la traction de l'ordre de 350 N. The wire then has a tensile strength (Rm) of the order of 2100 N / mm 2 ; and the rings have a tensile strength of the order of 350 N.
Un tel équipement de protection individuelle remplit alors un niveau I de performance (testé en perforation à 2,45 Joules suivant la norme NF EN ISO 13998).  Such personal protective equipment then fulfills a performance level I (tested in perforation at 2.45 Joules according to standard NF EN ISO 13998).
Selon un autre exemple, pour la réalisation d'un tablier, les anneaux de cotte de mailles ont un diamètre extérieur de 4 mm, et sont réalisés en fil d'acier inoxydable dont le diamètre est de 0,5 mm.  In another example, for producing an apron, the chain mail rings have an outer diameter of 4 mm, and are made of stainless steel wire whose diameter is 0.5 mm.
Le fil comporte alors également une résistance mécanique à la traction (Rm) de The wire then also comprises a tensile strength (Rm) of
2100 N/ mm2 ; et les anneaux ont une résistance à la traction de l'ordre de 600 N. 2100 N / mm 2 ; and the rings have a tensile strength of the order of 600 N.
Un tel équipement de protection individuelle remplit alors un niveau II de performance (testé en perforation à 4,9 Joules suivant NF EN ISO 13998). Selon un second mode de réalisation, les anneaux ont un diamètre extérieur compris entre 6,5 mm et 8 mm, bornes incluses, et sont réalisés en fil d'acier inoxydable dont le diamètre est compris entre 0,6 mm et 1 mm, bornes incluses. Such personal protective equipment then fulfills a level II performance (tested in perforation at 4.9 Joules according to NF EN ISO 13998). According to a second embodiment, the rings have an outer diameter of between 6.5 mm and 8 mm, including terminals, and are made of stainless steel wire whose diameter is between 0.6 mm and 1 mm, terminals included.
Une telle cotte de mailles est en particulier intéressante dans les utilisations balistiques, notamment sous forme d'un pack pare arme blanche ajouté à une solution balistique.  Such a coat of stitches is particularly interesting in ballistic uses, especially in the form of a stab wipe pack added to a ballistic solution.
Dans ce cas, cette cotte de mailles est utilisée en association avec un complexe multicouche de textile technique (fibres aramides, polyester haute ténacité, etc.).  In this case, this coat of mesh is used in combination with a multilayer complex of technical textile (aramid fibers, high tenacity polyester, etc.).
Les anneaux de cette cotte de maille peuvent ainsi être réalisés avec un fil de diamètre réduit, tout en conservant des qualités de performance adaptées. Les anneaux comportent alors avantageusement un diamètre extérieur habituel mais un diamètre intérieur augmenté.  The rings of this coat of mesh can thus be made with a wire of reduced diameter, while retaining appropriate performance qualities. The rings then advantageously comprise a usual outer diameter but an increased inner diameter.
Une telle cotte de mailles comporte alors un poids significativement réduit du fait de la synergie entre :  Such chainmail then has a significantly reduced weight because of the synergy between:
- la réduction du poids de chaque anneau, mais aussi  - the reduction of the weight of each ring, but also
- la diminution de la densité d'anneaux par unité de surface.  - the decrease in ring density per unit area.
De manière générale, l'invention concerne aussi un ensemble pour l'industrie de la viande, comprenant :  In general, the invention also relates to a set for the meat industry, comprising:
- un équipement individuel de protection précité, et  - the aforementioned personal protective equipment, and
- un article de coutellerie (en particulier un couteau) comportant une lame réalisée dans un acier dont la résistance mécanique à la traction (Rm) est inférieure à 2200 N/mm2, et dont l'allongement à la rupture est inférieur à 2%. - a cutlery article (in particular a knife) comprising a blade made of a steel whose tensile strength (Rm) is less than 2200 N / mm 2 and whose elongation at break is less than 2% .
Avec un tel couple, les inventeurs ont constaté une protection optimale de l'individu.  With such a pair, the inventors have found an optimal protection of the individual.
De manière générale, les différents domaines selon l'invention s'entendent bornes incluses.  In general, the various fields according to the invention are inclusive limits.
De manière avantageuse, cet acier inoxydable peut tout-à-fait être travaillé par la mise en œuvre d'un procédé classique de fabrication de cotte de mailles, utilisant des machines conventionnelles.  Advantageously, this stainless steel can quite be worked by the implementation of a conventional method of manufacturing chain mail, using conventional machines.
De préférence, la fabrication d'une cotte de mailles selon l'invention comprend les étapes suivantes :  Preferably, the manufacture of a chain mail according to the invention comprises the following steps:
- la fourniture d'un fil en acier inoxydable tel que décrit ci-dessus (dit encore « fil machine »), et  the provision of a stainless steel wire as described above (also called "wire rod"), and
- la découpe de tronçons dans ledit fil, le façonnage et l'assemblage desdits tronçons pour obtenir ladite cotte de mailles.  - cutting sections in said wire, shaping and assembling said sections to obtain said coat of mail.

Claims

- REVENDICATIONS - - CLAIMS -
1 . - Cotte de mailles, c'est-à-dire constituée d'un treillis d'anneaux métalliques entrelacés, caractérisée en ce que lesdits anneaux de cotte de mailles sont réalisés avec un fil en acier inoxydable dont la résistance mécanique à la traction (Rm) est comprise entre 1600 et 2550 N/mm2, bornes incluses. 1. - Chainmail, that is to say consisting of a lattice of interlaced metal rings, characterized in that said chain mail rings are made with a stainless steel wire whose mechanical tensile strength (Rm ) is between 1600 and 2550 N / mm 2 , limits included.
2. - Cotte de mailles selon la revendication 1 , caractérisée en ce que lesdits anneaux de cotte de mailles sont réalisés avec un fil en acier inoxydable dont la résistance mécanique à la traction (Rm) est comprise entre 1900 et 2300 N/mm2, bornes incluses. 2. - Cotte de meshes according to claim 1, characterized in that said chain mail rings are made with a stainless steel wire whose tensile strength (Rm) is between 1900 and 2300 N / mm 2 , terminals included.
3.- Cotte de mailles selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que lesdits anneaux de cotte de mailles sont réalisés avec un fil en acier inoxydable dont l'allongement à la rupture est supérieure à 2%, de préférence supérieure à 3%, de préférence encore comprise entre 3 et 3,5%.  3. The knit of mesh according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that said chain mail rings are made with a stainless steel wire whose elongation at break is greater than 2%, preferably greater than 3%, more preferably between 3 and 3.5%.
4.- Cotte de mailles selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que lesdits anneaux de cotte de mailles sont réalisés avec un fil en acier inoxydable comprenant :  4. The knit of mesh according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said chain mail rings are made with a stainless steel wire comprising:
- du carbone (C) dans une proportion en poids comprise entre 0,01 et 0,03 %, bornes incluses,  carbon (C) in a proportion by weight of between 0.01 and 0.03%, limits included,
- du silicium (Si) dans une proportion en poids comprise entre 0,4 et 0,6 %, bornes incluses,  silicon (Si) in a proportion by weight of between 0.4 and 0.6%, limits included,
- du manganèse (Mn) dans une proportion en poids comprise entre 0,7 et 0,9 %, bornes incluses,  manganese (Mn) in a proportion by weight of between 0.7 and 0.9%, limits included,
- du phosphore (P) dans une proportion en poids inférieure ou égale à 0,03 %, phosphorus (P) in a proportion by weight of less than or equal to 0.03%,
- du souffre (S) dans une proportion en poids inférieure ou égale à 0,015 %, - du chrome (Cr) dans une proportion en poids comprise entre 21 et 23 %, bornes incluses, - sulfur (S) in a proportion by weight less than or equal to 0.015%, - chromium (Cr) in a proportion by weight of between 21 and 23%, limits included,
- du molybdène (Mo) dans une proportion en poids comprise entre 2,9 et 3,5 %, bornes incluses,  molybdenum (Mo) in a proportion by weight of between 2.9 and 3.5%, limits included,
- du nickel (Ni) dans une proportion en poids comprise entre 4,5 et 5,5 %, bornes incluses,  nickel (Ni) in a proportion by weight of between 4.5 and 5.5%, limits included,
- de l'azote (N) dans une proportion en poids comprise entre 0,14 et 0,22 %, bornes incluses, et  nitrogen (N) in a proportion by weight of between 0.14 and 0.22%, limits included, and
- du fer (Fe), dans une proportion en poids restante pour obtenir 100 %, sauf impuretés accidentelles.  iron (Fe), in a proportion by weight remaining to obtain 100%, except accidental impurities.
5.- Cotte de mailles selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que lesdits anneaux de cotte de mailles sont réalisés avec un fil en acier inoxydable comprenant :  5. The mesh of claim 4, characterized in that said chain mail rings are made with a stainless steel wire comprising:
- du carbone (C) dans une proportion en poids comprise entre 0,012 et 0,021 %, bornes incluses, - du silicium (Si) dans une proportion en poids comprise entre 0,46 et 0,59 %, bornes incluses, carbon (C) in a proportion by weight of between 0.012 and 0.021%, limits included, silicon (Si) in a proportion by weight of between 0.46 and 0.59%, limits included,
- du manganèse (Mn) dans une proportion en poids comprise entre 0,76 et 0,88 %, bornes incluses,  - manganese (Mn) in a proportion by weight of between 0.76 and 0.88%, limits included,
- du phosphore (P) dans une proportion en poids comprise entre 0,021 et 0,027 phosphorus (P) in a proportion by weight of between 0.021 and 0.027
%, bornes incluses, %, limits included,
- du souffre (S) dans une proportion en poids comprise entre 0,0005 et 0,0009 %, bornes incluses,  sulfur (S) in a proportion by weight of between 0.0005 and 0.0009%, limits included,
- du chrome (Cr) dans une proportion en poids comprise entre 22,09 et 22,37 %, bornes incluses,  chromium (Cr) in a proportion by weight of between 22.09 and 22.37%, limits included,
- du molybdène (Mo) dans une proportion en poids comprise entre 3,15 et 3,27 %, bornes incluses,  molybdenum (Mo) in a proportion by weight of between 3.15 and 3.27%, limits included,
- du nickel (Ni) dans une proportion en poids comprise entre 5,18 et 5,32 %, bornes incluses,  nickel (Ni) in a proportion by weight of between 5.18 and 5.32%, limits included,
- de l'azote (N) dans une proportion en poids comprise entre 0,162 et 0,20 %, bornes incluses, et  nitrogen (N) in a proportion by weight of between 0.162 and 0.20%, limits included, and
- du fer (Fe), dans une proportion en poids restante pour obtenir 100 %, sauf impuretés accidentelles.  iron (Fe), in a proportion by weight remaining to obtain 100%, except accidental impurities.
6. - Cotte de mailles selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que lesdits anneaux de cotte de mailles sont réalisés avec un fil en acier inoxydable de structure bi-phasée composée de ferrite et d'austénite.  6. - Chainmail according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said chain mail rings are made with a stainless steel wire of bi-phased structure composed of ferrite and austenite.
7. - Cotte de mailles selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que lesdits anneaux de cotte de mailles ont un diamètre extérieur compris entre 3,8 mm et 4,2 mm, bornes incluses, et sont réalisés en fil d'acier inoxydable dont le diamètre est compris entre 0,38 mm et 0,6 mm, bornes incluses.  7. - Cotte de meshes according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that said chain mail rings have an outer diameter of between 3.8 mm and 4.2 mm inclusive, and are made of stainless steel wire whose diameter is between 0.38 mm and 0.6 mm, terminals included.
8. - Cotte de mailles selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que lesdits anneaux sont réalisés en fil d'acier inoxydable dont le diamètre est compris entre :  8. - Chainmail according to claim 7, characterized in that said rings are made of stainless steel wire whose diameter is between:
- 0,38 mm et 0,5 mm, bornes incluses, de préférence entre 0,38 mm et 0,45 mm, bornes incluses ; ou  0.38 mm and 0.5 mm, terminals included, preferably between 0.38 mm and 0.45 mm, terminals included; or
- 0,45 mm et 0,6 mm, bornes incluses, de préférence entre 0,5 mm et 0,6 mm, bornes incluses.  0.45 mm and 0.6 mm, terminals included, preferably between 0.5 mm and 0.6 mm, terminals included.
9. - Cotte de mailles selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que lesdits anneaux ont un diamètre extérieur compris entre 6,5 mm et 8 mm, bornes incluses, et sont réalisés en fil d'acier inoxydable dont le diamètre est compris entre 0,6 mm et 1 mm, bornes incluses.  9. - Cotte mesh according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that said rings have an outer diameter of between 6.5 mm and 8 mm, inclusive terminals, and are made of stainless steel wire which the diameter is between 0.6 mm and 1 mm inclusive.
10. - Equipement individuel de protection comprenant au moins une partie en cotte de mailles selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9.  10. - Personal protective equipment comprising at least a chain mail portion according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
1 1 . - Ensemble pour l'industrie de la viande, comprenant :  1 1. - Together for the meat industry, including:
- un équipement individuel de protection selon la revendication 10, et - un article de coutellerie comportant une lame réalisée dans un acier dont la résistance mécanique à la traction (Rm) est inférieure à 2200 N/mm2, et dont l'allongement à la rupture est inférieur à 2%. - individual protective equipment according to claim 10, and - A cutlery article comprising a blade made of a steel whose mechanical tensile strength (Rm) is less than 2200 N / mm 2 , and whose elongation at break is less than 2%.
12.- Procédé pour la fabrication d'une cotte de mailles selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que ledit procédé comprend :  12. A process for the manufacture of a chain mail according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that said method comprises:
- la fourniture d'un fil en acier inoxydable dont la résistance mécanique à la traction (Rm) est comprise entre 1600 et 2550 N/mm2, bornes incluses, et the provision of a stainless steel wire whose mechanical tensile strength (Rm) is between 1600 and 2550 N / mm 2 , inclusive, and
- la découpe de tronçons dans ledit fil, le façonnage et l'assemblage desdits tronçons pour obtenir ladite cotte de mailles.  - cutting sections in said wire, shaping and assembling said sections to obtain said coat of mail.
PCT/FR2016/050375 2015-02-19 2016-02-18 Chain mail, notably for protective equipment WO2016132076A1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2016221521A AU2016221521A1 (en) 2015-02-19 2016-02-18 Chain mail, notably for protective equipment
US15/551,697 US20180064191A1 (en) 2015-02-19 2016-02-18 Chain mail, notably for protective equipment
EP16712946.9A EP3258801A1 (en) 2015-02-19 2016-02-18 Chain mail, notably for protective equipment

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1551422A FR3032866B1 (en) 2015-02-19 2015-02-19 KNITTED COTTON, IN PARTICULAR FOR INDIVIDUAL PROTECTION EQUIPMENT
FR1551422 2015-02-19

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WO2016132076A1 true WO2016132076A1 (en) 2016-08-25

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US (1) US20180064191A1 (en)
EP (1) EP3258801A1 (en)
AU (1) AU2016221521A1 (en)
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WO (1) WO2016132076A1 (en)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2322638A (en) * 1997-02-13 1998-09-02 T & N Technology Ltd Knife-resistant sheet
US20020073473A1 (en) * 2000-08-16 2002-06-20 Bachner, Jr. Thomas E. Multi-component stab and ballistic resistant garment and method
FR2898249A1 (en) 2006-03-07 2007-09-14 Manulatex France Soc Par Actio Protection equipment such as gloves, aprons and vests useful in meat industry, comprises a mesh part made up of metal lattice of interlaced rings, where the rings of the mesh gloves have an internal diameter and an external diameter
FR2898250A1 (en) 2006-03-07 2007-09-14 Manulatex France Soc Par Actio METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A PROTECTIVE GARMENT AND THE GARMENT OBTAINED BY THE METHOD
WO2013007298A2 (en) 2011-07-12 2013-01-17 Honeywell Safety Products Franche Comte Steel mesh fabric for making a piece of garment

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2322638A (en) * 1997-02-13 1998-09-02 T & N Technology Ltd Knife-resistant sheet
US20020073473A1 (en) * 2000-08-16 2002-06-20 Bachner, Jr. Thomas E. Multi-component stab and ballistic resistant garment and method
FR2898249A1 (en) 2006-03-07 2007-09-14 Manulatex France Soc Par Actio Protection equipment such as gloves, aprons and vests useful in meat industry, comprises a mesh part made up of metal lattice of interlaced rings, where the rings of the mesh gloves have an internal diameter and an external diameter
FR2898250A1 (en) 2006-03-07 2007-09-14 Manulatex France Soc Par Actio METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A PROTECTIVE GARMENT AND THE GARMENT OBTAINED BY THE METHOD
WO2013007298A2 (en) 2011-07-12 2013-01-17 Honeywell Safety Products Franche Comte Steel mesh fabric for making a piece of garment

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AU2016221521A1 (en) 2017-08-24
FR3032866A1 (en) 2016-08-26
FR3032866B1 (en) 2017-02-17
US20180064191A1 (en) 2018-03-08
EP3258801A1 (en) 2017-12-27

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