WO2016121952A1 - 液体センサ - Google Patents
液体センサ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016121952A1 WO2016121952A1 PCT/JP2016/052729 JP2016052729W WO2016121952A1 WO 2016121952 A1 WO2016121952 A1 WO 2016121952A1 JP 2016052729 W JP2016052729 W JP 2016052729W WO 2016121952 A1 WO2016121952 A1 WO 2016121952A1
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- liquid
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- liquid sensor
- conductive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/04—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point
- G01M3/16—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using electric detection means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
- G01N27/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance
- G01N27/06—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance of a liquid
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a liquid sensor.
- liquid sensors that detect liquids such as blood and urine have been widely required in the fields of medical care and nursing care.
- JP 2007-151624 A Japanese Patent No. 5587817 Utility Model Registration No. 3190733 Japanese Patent No. 4368676 Special table 2007-502148 International Publication No. 2012/020507 International Publication No. 2012/111157 Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 05-079468 JP 2004-177120 A JP 2007-143895 A JP 2007-240470 A Japanese Patent No. 3334233 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 03-006555 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 04-021852 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 04-036440 Japanese Patent Publication No. 04-045096
- a metal layer is manufactured by vacuum deposition or the like, but the metal deposition layer may be disconnected when bent or may be deteriorated due to oxidation.
- the liquid sensor using a metal vapor deposition layer has a complicated manufacturing process, and the further improvement was calculated
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a liquid sensor that can be reduced in thickness and weight and can be easily manufactured at low cost.
- the present invention includes a stacked body in which a first conductive layer, an insulating layer, and a second conductive layer are stacked in this order, and the stacked body includes a first conductive layer, an insulating layer, and a second conductive layer in a stacking direction.
- a liquid sensor is provided in which the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer are conductive resin layers.
- the liquid sensor of the present invention when a liquid is supplied onto the first conductive layer, the liquid comes into contact with the second conductive layer through the through hole in the laminate. As a result, the insulation resistance between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer changes and can be used as a liquid sensor. Moreover, since the liquid sensor of this invention uses the resin layer which has electroconductivity as a 1st conductive layer and a 2nd conductive layer, compared with the case where a metal plate or a metal mesh is used, a very thin conductive layer Can be easily formed by a coating method or the like, and thus can be reduced in thickness and weight. In addition, the liquid sensor of the present invention is easier to manufacture and lower in cost than the case where a metal vapor deposition layer is used.
- the liquid sensor of the present invention has a structure having a through-hole penetrating the first conductive layer, the insulating layer, and the second conductive layer, it is easy to manufacture from this point and contributes to cost reduction. .
- the conductive resin may contain a conductive polymer.
- inorganic conductive powders such as carbon black and conductive titanium oxide can be added to the conductive resin.
- the conductive resin contains a conductive polymer, the conductive layer Since the transparency can be increased, the transparency of the liquid sensor can be improved, and an additional effect that the state of the portion covered with the liquid sensor can be more easily observed visually is obtained. Can do.
- the conductive resin preferably does not contain inorganic conductive powder such as carbon black and conductive titanium oxide.
- the laminate may further include a second liquid absorbing layer capable of absorbing the liquid on the side opposite to the insulating layer of the second conductive layer.
- the laminate may further include a first liquid absorbing layer capable of absorbing liquid on the opposite side of the first conductive layer from the insulating layer.
- the basis weight of the first liquid absorption layer may be 10 to 200 g / m 2 . Thereby, the sensitivity of the liquid sensor can be improved.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating an example of a liquid sensor according to the first embodiment.
- (A) of FIG. 2 is principal part sectional drawing of the liquid sensor shown in FIG.
- FIG. 2B is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which liquid is supplied to the liquid sensor shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an example of a liquid sensor according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an example of a liquid sensor according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a measurement method in the example.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating an example of a liquid sensor according to the first embodiment.
- 2A is a cross-sectional view of the main part of the liquid sensor shown in FIG. 1
- FIG. 2B is a schematic diagram showing a state in which liquid is supplied to the liquid sensor shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing.
- the liquid sensor 2 includes a stacked body 10 in which a first conductive layer 4, an insulating layer 6, and a second conductive layer 8 are stacked in this order.
- the stacked body 10 has a through hole 12 that penetrates the first conductive layer 4, the insulating layer 6, and the second conductive layer 8 in the stacking direction.
- the insulating layer 6 is an electrically insulating layer and has a function of electrically insulating the first conductive layer 4 and the second conductive layer 8 in a state where no liquid is supplied to the liquid sensor 2.
- the material of the insulating layer 6 is not particularly limited, but a flexible material is preferable.
- Examples of the material of the insulating layer 6 include insulating resin, cloth, paper, and the like.
- Examples of the insulating resin include polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene, polypropylene, nylon, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyimide, silicone rubber, silicone resin, and thermoplastic elastomer. Among these, polyethylene terephthalate is preferable from the viewpoint of being cheaper and excellent in transparency.
- the thickness of the insulating layer 6 can be 0.01 to 10 mm.
- the thickness of the insulating layer 6 is preferably 50 to 300 ⁇ m from the viewpoint of initial insulation between the first conductive layer 4 and the second conductive layer 8 and a reduction in the thickness of the liquid sensor 2.
- the size of the surface of the insulating layer 6 can be appropriately set according to the application of the liquid sensor 2, but for example, the length of all sides of the surface can be 10 to 100 cm.
- the first conductive layer 4 is a resin layer having conductivity.
- the first conductive layer 4 is provided on one surface of the insulating layer 6 and has a connection portion 4a for connecting electrodes.
- the second conductive layer 8 or the connecting portion 8a included in the second conductive layer 8 is not provided.
- the material of the first conductive layer 4 is not particularly limited as long as it is a resin having conductivity.
- the surface resistivity of the first conductive layer 4 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 ⁇ 10 12 ⁇ / ⁇ or less from the viewpoint of further improving the sensitivity of the liquid sensor 2, and 1 ⁇ 10 3 to 1 ⁇ 10 8 ⁇ . / ⁇ is more preferable.
- a conductive resin as the material of the first conductive layer 4
- a resin having conductivity when the first conductive layer 4 is in direct contact with the skin when using the liquid sensor 2, the feeling of touch to the skin is improved and metal allergic symptoms are achieved.
- the thickness of the first conductive layer 4 is not particularly limited, but can be, for example, 0.01 to 5 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the first conductive layer 4 is preferably 0.02 to 4 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.03 to 1 ⁇ m, and still more preferably 0.05 to 0.1 ⁇ m from the viewpoint of reducing the thickness of the liquid sensor 2.
- the conductive resin examples include a resin containing a conductive polymer.
- the content of the conductive polymer can be 50% by mass or more.
- the resin having conductivity a resin obtained by mixing an insulating resin with inorganic conductive powder such as carbon black, conductive titanium oxide, or metal powder may be used.
- the insulating resin the same resin as described above can be used.
- Resin which has electroconductivity can be used individually by 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types.
- Examples of the conductive polymer include polypyrrole, polyaniline, polythiophene, polythienylene vinylene, polyazulene, polyisothianaphthene, polyacetylene, polyphenylene, polyphenylene vinylene, polyacene, polyphenylacetylene, polydiacetylene, and polynaphthalene.
- Examples of the carbon black include ketjen black (registered trademark), furnace black, channel black, acetylene black, and thermal black.
- the second conductive layer 8 is a conductive resin layer.
- the 2nd conductive layer 8 is provided on the surface on the opposite side to the 1st conductive layer 4 of the insulating layer 6, and has the connection part 8a which connects an electrode. On the opposite side of the insulating layer 6 from the connection portion 8a, the first conductive layer 4 or the connection portion 4a is not provided.
- the material of the second conductive layer 8 the same material as that of the first conductive layer 4 can be used.
- the surface resistivity of the second conductive layer 8 can be the same as that of the first conductive layer 4.
- the thickness of the second conductive layer 8 is not particularly limited, but can be, for example, 0.01 to 5 ⁇ m. From the viewpoint of reducing the thickness of the liquid sensor 2, the thickness of the second conductive layer 8 is preferably 0.02 to 4 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.03 to 1 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 0.05 to 0.1 ⁇ m.
- the conductive resin in the first conductive layer 4 and the second conductive layer 8 does not contain inorganic conductive powder such as carbon black or conductive titanium oxide.
- a resin is preferable, and a resin containing a conductive polymer is preferable.
- the insulating layer 6 is preferably a transparent resin. Since the liquid sensor 2 has transparency, the state of the portion covered with the liquid sensor 2 can be easily observed visually. For example, when the liquid sensor 2 is used in a hemodialysis treatment, the state of a needle inserted into a patient's blood vessel can be visually confirmed, and blood leakage can be prevented. Further, even when blood leaks, the degree of leakage can be visually confirmed. From the viewpoint of the visibility of the portion covered with the liquid sensor 2, the light transmittance of a light beam having a wavelength of 550 nm in the laminate 10 is preferably 20% or more, and more preferably 65% or more.
- the first conductive layer 4 and the second conductive layer 8 are prepared by, for example, preparing a coating liquid by dissolving or dispersing a conductive resin in a solvent such as water or alcohol (for example, propanol), and insulating the coating liquid. It can form by apply
- the 1st conductive layer 4 and the 2nd conductive layer 8 may be provided at once with respect to the insulating layer 6, and may be provided separately.
- the through-hole 12 is a through-hole penetrating the first conductive layer 4, the insulating layer 6, and the second conductive layer 8 in the stacking direction, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.
- a plurality of through holes 12 are provided in the laminate 10.
- the through-holes 12 are arranged in a triangular arrangement, that is, so that the central axis of the through-hole 12 is located at the apex of the triangle.
- the interval between the through holes 12 can be, for example, 10 to 70 mm or 10 to 45 mm as the interval between the central axes.
- the distance between the through holes 12 is preferably 13 to 25 mm as the distance between the central axes from the viewpoint of further improving the sensitivity of the liquid sensor 2.
- the interval between the through holes 12 can be set to, for example, 0 to 60 mm as a pitch.
- the interval between the through holes 12 is preferably 5 to 30 mm as a pitch from the viewpoint of further improving the sensitivity of the liquid sensor 2.
- the pitch is the intersection of the straight line connecting the central axes and the outer periphery of one through hole 12 in the two adjacent through holes 12, and the straight line connecting the central axes and the outer periphery of the other through hole 12. Represents the distance between the intersections.
- the through hole 12 has a cylindrical shape, and the diameter of the through hole 12 can be set to 1 to 15 mm or 0.5 to 7.5 mm, for example.
- the liquid sensor 2 according to the present invention detects the liquid 14 because the liquid 14 flows into the through hole 12 in the laminated body 10 regardless of whether the hole diameter of the through hole 12 is 1 mm or 0.5 mm. It is fully possible to do.
- the diameter of the through hole 12 is preferably 6 to 12 mm, and more preferably 3 to 6 mm, from the viewpoint of easy liquid flow.
- the through hole 12 can be provided by, for example, a punching method.
- the through-hole 12 is easily processed, and from the viewpoint of further improving the sensitivity of the liquid sensor 2, the first conductive layer 4, the insulating layer 6, and the second conductive layer 8 have the same diameter at once by a punching method. It may be provided through.
- the liquid 14 when the liquid 14 is supplied to the liquid sensor 2, the liquid 14 flows into the through hole 12, and the first conductive layer 4 and the second conductive layer are passed through the liquid 14.
- the layer 8 is electrically connected, and the electrical resistance between the first conductive layer 4 and the second conductive layer 8 changes. Since the liquid sensor 2 detects a liquid based on a change in electrical resistance between the first conductive layer 4 and the second conductive layer 8, contact failure is less likely to occur than in the case of using a conductor circuit.
- liquid 14 examples include blood, urine, sweat, infusion, water, rainwater, hydrous alcohol, and aqueous solution.
- connection portions 4a and 8a may be sandwiched between clip electrodes so that the electrodes are in contact with the connection portions 4a and 8a, respectively, and an electrode terminal is attached to each of the connection portions 4a and 8a using an adhesive or the like. It may be attached.
- the liquid sensor 2 is connected to an electric resistance and a detector that detects a change in the electric resistance via the electrode connected to the connection portion 4a or 8a.
- the detector includes a resistance detection unit that detects electrical resistance, a determination unit that determines a change in the detected electrical resistance, and a notification unit that notifies the change in electrical resistance based on the determination result of the degree of change in electrical resistance.
- reporting part is a lamp
- the degree of change in electrical resistance is greater than or equal to a certain level, the change in electrical resistance can be known by operating the notification unit.
- the buzzer connected to the liquid sensor 2 sounds when the liquid sensor 2 is supplied into the through-hole 12 by touching the liquid sensor 2 with a hand moistened with the liquid 14. It can be easily confirmed by checking whether or not.
- a conventional liquid sensor that uses a metal cloth if the liquid sensor is wetted with liquid for operation confirmation, it is necessary to dry the wetted part in order to use the liquid sensor again.
- the liquid sensor according to the present invention can be easily wiped off with a tissue paper or cloth, and can be reused without taking time, and is highly convenient.
- the liquid sensor 2 When the liquid sensor 2 is used in a hemodialysis treatment, the liquid sensor 2 is used by arranging a patient's hand, arm, etc. on the first conductive layer 4 side of the laminate 10. For example, the liquid sensor 2 may be used by laying under the patient's arm, or may be used by being wound around the patient's arm. If there is leakage of blood due to the removal of a needle inserted into a patient's blood vessel during hemodialysis treatment, blood is supplied to the liquid sensor 2 and the gap between the first conductive layer 4 and the second conductive layer 8 is reached. The electrical resistance changes, and the notifying part of the detector operates to detect blood leakage.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an example of a liquid sensor according to the second embodiment.
- the stacked body 20 further includes a second liquid absorption layer 18 capable of absorbing liquid on the opposite side of the second conductive layer 8 from the insulating layer 6.
- the liquid 14 that has passed through the through hole 12 in the stacked body 20 is absorbed by the second liquid absorbing layer 18 so that the liquid 14 can easily flow into the through hole 12 in the stacked body 20.
- the conductivity between the first conductive layer 4 and the second conductive layer 8 when in contact with the liquid 14 can be improved.
- the second liquid absorption layer 18 is not particularly limited as long as it can absorb the liquid.
- a nonwoven fabric is mentioned, for example.
- the thickness of the second liquid absorption layer 18 can be 0.01 to 50 mm.
- the liquid sensor according to the present invention can be used to detect leakage of blood during hemodialysis, leakage of body fluid such as urine leakage, leakage of infusion during infusion.
- the use of the liquid sensor according to the present invention is not limited to the medical or nursing field, and can be applied to general liquid detection uses such as rainwater detection and water level gauges.
- liquid sensors using a metal plate or a metal mesh have a certain thickness and are uncomfortable when used in contact with the human body, and are therefore difficult to use especially during sleep.
- the liquid sensor according to the present invention uses a conductive resin layer, the liquid sensor can be easily reduced in thickness and weight, and can be easily deformed. Therefore, the feeling of strangeness when used in contact with the human body can be greatly reduced, and it can be used comfortably even during sleep.
- there has been a conventional method using a thin metal deposited film as the conductive layer but there is a problem that the manufacturing process is complicated and the manufacturing cost is high.
- the liquid sensor according to the present invention can be made disposable because it is thin and lightweight and can be easily manufactured, and it is excellent in hygiene, and can save time and effort for sterilization and disinfection.
- the liquid sensor according to the present invention can be made disposable because it is thin and lightweight and can be easily manufactured, and it is excellent in hygiene, and can save time and effort for sterilization and disinfection.
- the size can be freely changed by cutting with scissors or the like according to the size required at the time of use.
- the number, the arrangement, the hole diameter, and the interval between the through holes 12 in the laminate 10 are not particularly limited, and can be appropriately set in consideration of the viscosity of the liquid.
- the shape of the through-hole 12 is not particularly limited as long as the liquid can pass through it, and may be a prismatic shape such as a quadrangular prism or a hexagonal prism.
- connection parts 4a and 8a do not need to be provided.
- the second conductive layer 8 or the connection portion 8 a included in the second conductive layer 8 may be provided on the side opposite to the connection portion 4 a of the insulating layer 6.
- the first conductive layer 4 or the connection part 4a may be provided on the side opposite to the connection part 8a.
- the electrodes are connected, for example, such that the electrodes are in contact with the first conductive layer 4 and the second conductive layer 8, respectively, and the surfaces of the first conductive layer 4 and the second conductive layer 8.
- the electrode terminal may be attached using an adhesive, a connection tool, or the like.
- the electrode is connected to a two-electrode clip electrode in which a pair of metal clips sandwiching the connecting portion are connected to separate electrodes, and these metal clips are insulated from each other by a plastic spring. It may be performed by sandwiching the connection portions 4a and 8a provided opposite to each other at any place of the laminated body 10 or with the insulating layer 6 interposed therebetween.
- the laminate 10 may be wound in a roll shape.
- the roll-shaped laminate 10 may have a perforation that can be separated.
- the laminate 10 can be separated from the roll-like laminate 10 and used as necessary. Moreover, it becomes easier to use the laminated body 10 by free size.
- the second liquid absorption layer 18 is usually provided in close contact with the surface of the second conductive layer 8, but may be detachably provided on the surface of the second conductive layer 8.
- the second liquid absorbing layer 18 may be further provided on the opposite side of the first conductive layer 4 from the insulating layer 6 as a first liquid absorbing layer 24, as will be described later, and has a bag-like shape. Thus, the entire laminate 20 may be covered.
- the second liquid absorption layer 18 (or the first liquid absorption layer 24) covers the entire first conductive layer 4, the insulating layer 6, and the second conductive layer 8 in a bag shape. It may be.
- the liquid sensor 16 may further include a water blocking layer through which no liquid penetrates, on the opposite side of the second liquid absorption layer 18 from the second conductive layer 8. Thereby, the liquid 14 can be prevented from flowing out to the second liquid absorption layer 18 side of the liquid sensor 16.
- a water blocking layer for example, a polyethylene film can be used.
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an example of a liquid sensor according to the third embodiment.
- the stacked body 26 further includes a first liquid absorbing layer 24 that can absorb liquid on the opposite side of the first conductive layer 4 from the insulating layer 6.
- the amount of the liquid 14 is small, the interval between the through holes 12 is wide, or the surface of the liquid sensor 22 has irregularities because the thickness of the liquid sensor 22 is uneven.
- the liquid 14 is absorbed by the first liquid absorption layer 24 and guided into the through hole 12. It becomes easy to flow into the through hole 12, and the sensitivity of the liquid sensor 22 can be improved.
- the liquid sensor 22 When the liquid sensor 22 is used in a hemodialysis treatment, the liquid sensor 22 is used by arranging a patient's hand, arm, etc. on the first liquid absorption layer 24 side of the laminate 26. Since the liquid sensor 22 includes the first liquid absorption layer 24, there is an advantage that it is possible to prevent erroneous detection due to a very small amount of liquid other than blood flowing into the through-hole 12 such as a patient's sweat.
- the 1st liquid absorption layer 24 will not be restrict
- the material of the first liquid absorption layer 24 the same material as that of the second liquid absorption layer 18 can be used.
- the thickness of the first liquid absorption layer 24 can be 0.01 to 50 mm.
- the basis weight of the first liquid absorbing layer 24 is not particularly limited, but can be, for example, 10 to 200 g / m 2 .
- the basis weight of the first liquid absorption layer 24 is preferably 10 to 100 g / m 2 and more preferably 10 to 70 g / m 2 from the viewpoint of further improving the sensitivity of the liquid sensor 22.
- the basis weight is the mass per unit area.
- Example 1 a liquid sensor was manufactured by the following procedure. First, a transparent conductive film was prepared in which a conductive polymer as the first conductive layer 4, polyethylene terephthalate as the insulating layer 6, and a conductive polymer as the second conductive layer 8 were laminated in this order. Next, a number of cylindrical through holes were provided in the transparent conductive film by a punching method. The through holes were provided in a square arrangement, that is, so that the central axis of the through holes was positioned at the apex of the square (see FIG. 5). The through holes were provided at regular intervals (pitch). Table 1 shows the hole diameters, pitches, and central axis intervals of the through holes.
- the distance between the central axes represents the minimum of the linear distances connecting the centers of the through holes.
- the distance between the central axes is equal to the length of one side of the square.
- the pitch is equal to a value obtained by subtracting the diameter of the through hole (that is, a distance twice the diameter of the through hole) from the distance between the central axes.
- Example 2 to 4 Liquid sensors of Examples 2 to 4 were manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the hole diameter, pitch, and center axis spacing were changed as shown in Table 1.
- Examples 5 to 10 The non-woven fabric having a pore size, a pitch, and a distance between the central axes as shown in Table 2 and having a basis weight of 60 g / m 2 as the first liquid-absorbing layer 24 on the side opposite to the insulating layer 6 of the first conductive layer 4
- the liquid sensors of Examples 5 to 10 were manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the above was repeated.
- Examples 11 to 16 In the same manner as in Examples 5 to 10, except that the pore diameter, pitch and central axis spacing were changed as shown in Table 3, and the first liquid-absorbing layer 24 was changed to a nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 30 g / m 2 , The liquid sensors of Examples 11 to 16 were manufactured.
- the liquid sensor according to the present invention can control the reaction amount by combining the hole diameter and the pitch (or the distance between the central axes) of the through holes, and has various sensitivity.
- a liquid sensor can be manufactured.
- the sensitivity of the liquid sensor was improved by reducing the basis weight of the first liquid absorption layer 24.
- This is the fifth and the eleventh example, the sixth and the twelfth examples, the seventh and the thirteenth examples, the eighth and the tenth examples, the ninth and the fifteenth examples, the tenth and the tenth examples. This can be confirmed by comparing 16 with 16.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、第1実施形態に係る液体センサの一例を示す斜視図である。図2の(a)は、図1に示す液体センサの要部断面図であり、図2の(b)は、図2の(a)に示す液体センサに液体が供給された様子を示す模式断面図である。
図3は、第2実施形態に係る液体センサの一例を示す斜視図である。第2実施形態については、第1実施形態と異なる点のみ説明する。図3に示される液体センサ16では、積層体20は、第2の導電層8の絶縁層6とは反対側に、液体を吸収可能な第2の吸液層18を更に有する。これにより、積層体20内の貫通孔12を通過した液体14を第2の吸液層18が吸い取ることで、液体14が積層体20内の貫通孔12内に流れ込み易くなり、液体センサ16が液体14と接触した場合の第1の導電層4及び第2の導電層8間の導通性を向上することができる。
図4は、第3実施形態に係る液体センサの一例を示す斜視図である。第3実施形態については、第2実施形態と異なる点のみ説明する。図4に示される液体センサ22では、積層体26は、第1の導電層4の絶縁層6とは反対側に、液体を吸収可能な第1の吸液層24を更に有する。これにより、液体14が少量であったり、貫通孔12間の間隔が広かったり、液体センサ22の厚みが不均一であるために液体センサ22の表面が凹凸を有していたりなどして、液体14が表面張力により液体センサ22の表面上に留まって貫通孔12内へ流れ込み難い場合でも、液体14を第1の吸液層24が吸い取って貫通孔12内へ誘導することで、液体14が貫通孔12内に流れ込み易くなり、液体センサ22の感度を向上することができる。
実施例1では、以下の手順により液体センサを製造した。まず、第1の導電層4として導電性ポリマー、絶縁層6としてポリエチレンテレフタレート、及び、第2の導電層8として導電性ポリマーがこの順で積層した透明導電性フィルムを準備した。次いで、打ち抜き加工法により、透明導電性フィルムに円柱形状の貫通孔を多数設けた。貫通孔は、正方形配置、すなわち、貫通孔の中心軸が正方形の頂点にそれぞれ位置するように設けた(図5参照)。貫通孔は一定の間隔(ピッチ)で設けた。貫通孔の孔径、ピッチ及び中心軸間間隔を表1に示す。中心軸間間隔は、貫通孔の中心間を結ぶ直線距離のうち最小のものを表す。中心軸間間隔は、正方形配置の場合、その正方形の一辺の長さに等しい。ピッチは、中心軸間間隔から貫通孔の直径(すなわち、貫通孔の孔径の2倍の距離)を差し引いた値に等しい。
孔径、ピッチ及び中心軸間間隔を表1に示すように変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして、実施例2~4の液体センサを製造した。
孔径、ピッチ及び中心軸間間隔を表2に示すように変更し、第1の導電層4の絶縁層6とは反対側に第1の吸液層24として目付が60g/m2である不織布を重ねた以外は実施例1と同様にして、実施例5~10の液体センサを製造した。
孔径、ピッチ及び中心軸間間隔を表3に示すように変更し、第1の吸液層24を目付が30g/m2である不織布に変更した以外は実施例5~10と同様にして、実施例11~16の液体センサを製造した。
得られた液体センサについて、以下の手順により、性能を試験した。まず、第1の導電層4の接続部4a、及び第2の導電層8の接続部8aを介して、液体センサとブザーとを接続した。ブザーは、第1の導電層4と第2の導電層8との間の電気抵抗が106Ω/□以下であるときに導通してアラームが鳴るものを用いた。次いで、図5に示されるように、正方形配置された4個の貫通孔の中心上(すなわち、その正方形の対角線の交点上)に水道水を滴下した。水道水の滴下量を変化させ、ブザーのアラームが鳴る滴下量の最小値(反応量)を測定した。結果を表1~3に示す。反応量が少ないほど液体センサの感度が高いといえる。
Claims (5)
- 第1の導電層、絶縁層及び第2の導電層がこの順で積層した積層体を備え、
前記積層体は、前記第1の導電層、前記絶縁層及び前記第2の導電層を前記積層方向に貫通する貫通孔を有し、
前記第1の導電層及び前記第2の導電層は、導電性を有する樹脂の層である、液体センサ。 - 前記導電性を有する樹脂は、導電性ポリマーを含む、請求項1に記載の液体センサ。
- 前記積層体は、前記第2の導電層の前記絶縁層とは反対側に、液体を吸収可能な第2の吸液層を更に有する、請求項1又は2に記載の液体センサ。
- 前記積層体は、前記第1の導電層の前記絶縁層とは反対側に、液体を吸収可能な第1の吸液層を更に有する、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の液体センサ。
- 前記第1の吸液層の目付が10~200g/m2である、請求項4に記載の液体センサ。
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