WO2016120519A1 - Procédé de manutention de matériau dans un système de transport de matériau, un système de transport de matériau et dispositif de séparation pour un système de transport de matériau - Google Patents

Procédé de manutention de matériau dans un système de transport de matériau, un système de transport de matériau et dispositif de séparation pour un système de transport de matériau Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016120519A1
WO2016120519A1 PCT/FI2016/050023 FI2016050023W WO2016120519A1 WO 2016120519 A1 WO2016120519 A1 WO 2016120519A1 FI 2016050023 W FI2016050023 W FI 2016050023W WO 2016120519 A1 WO2016120519 A1 WO 2016120519A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
collection container
separating device
container
wall
aperture
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI2016/050023
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Göran Sundholm
Original Assignee
Maricap Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Maricap Oy filed Critical Maricap Oy
Publication of WO2016120519A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016120519A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F5/00—Gathering or removal of refuse otherwise than by receptacles or vehicles
    • B65F5/005—Gathering or removal of refuse otherwise than by receptacles or vehicles by pneumatic means, e.g. by suction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F1/00—Refuse receptacles; Accessories therefor
    • B65F1/10—Refuse receptacles; Accessories therefor with refuse filling means, e.g. air-locks
    • B65F1/105—Refuse receptacles; Accessories therefor with refuse filling means, e.g. air-locks the filling means being pneumatic, e.g. using suction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F1/00—Refuse receptacles; Accessories therefor
    • B65F1/12—Refuse receptacles; Accessories therefor with devices facilitating emptying
    • B65F1/125—Features allowing the receptacle to be lifted and emptied by its bottom
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F1/00—Refuse receptacles; Accessories therefor
    • B65F1/14—Other constructional features; Accessories
    • B65F1/1426—Housings, cabinets or enclosures for refuse receptacles
    • B65F1/1447—Housings, cabinets or enclosures for refuse receptacles located underground
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G53/00—Conveying materials in bulk through troughs, pipes or tubes by floating the materials or by flow of gas, liquid or foam
    • B65G53/34—Details
    • B65G53/60—Devices for separating the materials from propellant gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F2210/00—Equipment of refuse receptacles
    • B65F2210/162—Pressing means

Definitions

  • the object of the invention is a method as defined in the preamble of claim 1 ,
  • the object of the invention is also a separating device according to claim 13 for a material conveying system.
  • the object of the invention is also a material conveying system according to claim 23.
  • the invention relates generally to pneumatic material conveying systems, such as to partial-vacuum conveying systems, more particularly to the collection and conveying of wastes, such as to the conveying of household wastes.
  • wastes are conveyed in piping by means of suction and/or conveying air.
  • wastes are moved long distances in the piping pneumatically, by means of suction and/or a pressure difference, together with the conveying air.
  • the apparatuses are used for, among other things, the conveying of wastes in different institutions, for the conveying of household waste or for the conveying of other waste. It is typical to these systems that a partial-vacuum apparatus is used to achieve a pressure difference, in which apparatus a partial vacuum is achieved in the conveying pipe with partial-vacuum generators, such as with vacuum pumps or with an ejector apparatus.
  • a conveying pipe typically comprises at least one valve means, by opening and closing which the replacement air coming into the conveying pipe is regulated.
  • Systems wherein a pressure difference and/or a transporting air flow is/are achieved in the conveying piping with e.g. a blowing arrangement are also known in the art.
  • waste management that will operate with a pipe transport system. This means that sorted wastes are sucked along underground pipes to a waste station that is common to the whole zoning region.
  • the system is clean, odorless and noise-free, and is also a more environmentally friendly solution than conventional waste management and a safer solution from the viewpoint of the adjacent area.
  • a waste station is conceived to typically comprise also means for achieving a pressure difference in the piping, e.g. partial-vacuum generators, such as vacuum pumps or corresponding.
  • Another aim of the invention is to achieve a solution for rather small systems in particular, in which it is not desired to use separate separating devices and waste containers.
  • Yet another aim of the invention is to achieve a solution in which the emptying of input points pneumatically and the emptying of a collection container can be performed flexibly, and even independently of each other.
  • the invention is based on a concept wherein in the separating device of a pneumatic pipe conveying system for material, in which separating device the wastes are separated from the transporting air, compression, i.e. compaction, of the infed material against the wall is achieved with the combined effect of replacement air and of the suction brought about by a partial-vacuum generator of the pneumatic conveying system for wastes.
  • compression i.e. compaction
  • the method according to the invention is characterized by what is stated in the characterization part of claim 1.
  • the separating device, according to the invention, for a material conveying system is characterized by what is stated in claim 13.
  • the separating device, according to the invention, for a material conveying system is also characterized by what is stated in claims 14 - 22.
  • the material conveying system according to the invention is stated by what is stated in the characterization part of claim 23.
  • the material conveying system according to the invention is also characterized by what is stated in claims 24 - 26.
  • the solution according to the invention has a number of important advantages. By means of the invention the drawbacks of prior art can be avoided.
  • the material conveyed into the coiiection container can be efficiently stored, and emptying of the container can be performed less frequently.
  • compacting, i.e. volumetric compression of the waste material is achieved, in which case significantly more material than earlier fits into the collection container.
  • the volumetric compression can, depending on the application site, e.g.
  • the impediment can be e.g. a wall section of the collection container, through which wall section, or around the sides of which wall section, an air flow is able to travel.
  • the wail section acts on the material by bringing about a support effect in it, which mainly prevents, to at least a significant extent, the passage of the material past or through the wall.
  • apertures are arranged in the wall, through which apertures the suction used in the compression phase of the material is able to act, in conjunction with replacement air, on the material in the collection container.
  • the entry of replacement air can be regulated e.g. with a separate replacement air duct, in which is a valve, arranged in the container part.
  • the suction of the partiai-vacuum generator is able to act from the first side of the waste material conducted into the container, and by arranging a replacement air duct into the collection container to the opposite side of the waste material, efficient compaction of the waste material in the coiiection container is broughi about.
  • Emptying of the collection container can be performed by lifting the collection container and by transferring the material that has collected in the container from an openable and c!osable aperture arranged in the bottom part of the container e.g. into the container of a means of transportation, such as of a garbage truck.
  • the transportation means can comprise a press for compressing the material so it becomes denser and a hoist for lifting the collection container.
  • the material that has collected in the container settles, i.e. compacts, and, in addition, by using the compaction feature according to the invention the material can be made even more dense, in which case relatively more material fits into the collection container than into many small containers, in deep collection the waste is compressed by its own weight in a first compression, by e.g. approx. 25%, after this it is compressed with the compacting means of the separating device according to the invention, i.e. a second compression by means of suction and a replacement air flow, which is e g. 50%, in which case it is compressed in total approx. 67.5%.
  • a first compression by e.g. approx. 25%
  • suction and a replacement air flow which is e g. 50%, in which case it is compressed in total approx. 67.5%.
  • the deep collection container-separating device comprises a collection container and an external container, into which the collection container is arranged and from which the collection container is lifted for emptying.
  • a mobile partial-vacuum generating apparatus can be used effectively in connection with a material conveying system comprising the deep collection separating device of the invention to achieve the partial vacuum needed in the pneumatic transportation of material.
  • a dedicated fixed partial-vacuum generating apparatus is not needed in individual material conveying systems.
  • the system thus enables the division of effective operating time of the partial-vacuum source between a number of material conveying systems.
  • the system also enables the offering of the partial-vacuum source of the material conveying system as a service to properties.
  • the system enables an effective way to ensure material conveying by using a number of mobile vacuum sources, in which case e.g. in a malfunction situation a primary vacuum source can easily be replaced with a second mobile backup apparatus.
  • the mobile partial-vacuum source according to the invention fits to function in more cramped locations also because it can be arranged in a vehicle, in which space for wastes is not needed at the same time.
  • the solution according to the invention effectively enables a different frequency for operation of the partial-vacuum source and for emptying of a container.
  • the partial-vacuum source arranged in the proximity of the deep collection separating device or separating devices is e.g.
  • the solution according to the invention offers the possibility to use an existing garbage truck or corresponding for emptying the collection container of the deep collection-separating device.
  • the deep collection container/separating device according to the invention also gives the possibility for feeding in, via an openable and closable input aperture formed in the collection container, the type of material which is not, e.g. owing to its size or other properties, suited for conveying in a pneumatic pipe transport system for material.
  • the flow of transporting air is acted upon in the chamber space of the separating device or in the output channel by bringing about a guiding effect for the transporting air in the opposite direction with respect to its direction of rotation.
  • a guiding effect for the transporting air in the opposite direction with respect to its direction of rotation.
  • the desired effect can be achieved by arranging an output branch coupling in the wall of the output channel in such a way that a flow of the transporting air from the output channel into the output branch coupling is achieved in a mainly tangential direction with respect to the wall of the output channel.
  • This can be achieved e.g. by arranging the output branch coupling eccentrically in the output channel.
  • the deep collection separating device according to the invention is suited to both material conveying systems in which a formatter, i.e. a rotary shaper, is used to compact and/or shape the material to be conducted into the conveying piping from the input points, and to ordinary pneumatic pipe transport systems for material, in which systems material is fed in from an input point directly into the conveying piping.
  • the method and apparatus according to the invention are particularly well suited in connection with conveying systems of waste material, such as waste material arranged in bags.
  • Fig. 1 presents a simplified diagram of one system according to an embodiment of the invention, in a first operating mode
  • Fig. 1 a presents a detail of the separating device, cross-sectioned along the line la-la of Fig. 1
  • Fig. 1 b presents a detail of an embodiment of the wall part of the separating device, from a first direction
  • Fig. 1 c presents a detail of an embodiment of the wall part of the separating device along the line 1 c-1 c of Fig. 1 b,
  • Fig. 2 presents an embodiment of a device according to an embodiment of the invention, partially sectioned in the vertical plane, in a second operating mode
  • Fig. 3 presents an embodiment of a device according to an embodiment of the invention, partially sectioned in the vertical plane, in a third operating mode
  • Fig. 4 presents a device according to an embodiment of the invention, in a fourth operating mode.
  • Fig. 1 presents a part of a pneumatic material conveying system, which part comprises a material conveying pipe 100, along the side of which at least one, typically many, input points 108 are arranged.
  • An input point 108 is a feed-in station of material, more particularly of waste material, intended for transporting, from which station the material, more particularly waste material, such as household waste, or recyclable material intended for transporting is fed into the conveying system.
  • An input point 108 can also be a refuse chute, into which material is fed from input apertures on different floors of a building.
  • the system can comprise a number of input points 108, from which the material intended for transporting is fed into conveying piping 100, 1 01 A, 101 B.
  • a shut-off means such as a valve means 104, that is possibly in connection with an input point
  • material can be conveyed from the input point 108 into the conveying pipe 100.
  • An input point 108 is connected on the valve side to the conveying pipe 100 or to an inlet pipe 103 in connection with it.
  • conveying piping comprises a main conveying pipe 100, to which it has been possible to connect a number of branch conveying pipes 101 A, 101 B, and in turn to which branch conveying pipes it has been possible to connect a number of input points 108.
  • the input point 108 is an input point 107 of waste material, said input point 107 being disposed on the surface of the ground.
  • the input point 108 is connected via a feeder channel 106 to a material shaper 105, which shapes and compacts the material to suit the conveying piping 103, 101 A, 100, which is smaller in diameter than the feeder channel.
  • the solution according to the invention is also suited to those types of material conveying systems in which material shapers are not used, but instead the material is conveyed from input points directly into the conveying piping.
  • the conveying piping can be arranged to travel underground.
  • the conveying piping comprises replacement air ducts 102, in which a replacement air valve 109 is arranged.
  • Fig. 1 presents an operating mode in which the material W is conveyed from the input point 108, on the extreme left in the figure, of the first branch conveying pipe 101 A.
  • the valve means 104 between an input point and the conveying piping is open and the replacement air valve 109 of the replacement air duct 102 is open.
  • a transporting air flow in the conveying piping 100, 101 A is achieved as is also displacement of the material W towards the separating device 10 on the delivery end, where the material W being transported is separated from the transporting air.
  • the material has displaced into the separating device in its first operating mode, in which the collection container 1 1 of the separating device is filled with material W.
  • the means for achieving a pressure difference and/or a transporting air flow in the conveying pipe 100, 101 A, 10 B comprise at least one partial-vacuum source 21 or pressure source or fan, by the aid of the suction or pressure difference or transporting air flow achieved by which material is conveyed in the conveying pipe.
  • the partial-vacuum source 21 comprises a pump unit, in which is a partial-vacuum generator, such as a vacuum pump or fan, and the drive device 22 driving it.
  • the suction side of the partial-vacuum generator is connected in the first operating mode via a medium pathway 24, 28, 30, 16 to act in the collection container 1 1 via the aperture 16'.
  • the suction/pressure difference needed in the transportation of material can be achieved into the collection container 1 1 and into the conveying piping 100, 101 A, 101 B.
  • On the blowing side of the partial-vacuum source 21 is an outward blowing channel 27, which in the embodiment of Fig. 1 comprises a sound d iff user 26.
  • the partial-vacuum source 21 can be connected to a second connection 17 of the container 11 with a counterpart 17' arranged in the pipe or hose 30, which pipe or hose is at its second end arranged into the partial-vacuum source, into its suction channel 24
  • On the blowing side of the partial-vacuum source 21 is a medium pathway to an outward blowing channel 27.
  • the drive device 22 of the partial-vacuum source 21 is, according to one embodiment, a motor e.g. an electric motor.
  • the partial-vacuum source can be mobile, as is presented in publication WO 2014029903 A1 .
  • the partial-vacuum source is arranged in the proximity of the separating device more rigidly than the mobile solution, e.g. in premises, such as in a container or corresponding, arranged in the proximity of the separating device.
  • An essential device in the invention is the separating device 10, which according to Fig. 1 is a combination of a deep collection container for material, which is formed from an external container 12 and a collection container 1 1 , and of means arranged in it separating the transporting air and the material being conveyed from each other.
  • the separating device 10 is a so-called cyclone separator in terms of its operating principle.
  • the conveying pipe 100 can be connected to the collection container 1 1 of the separating device 10, in which collection container the material W being transported is separated from the transporting air.
  • a connecting means 15 ' is formed in the conveying pipe 100 and a counterpart 15 in the branch coupling 14 formed in the top part of the collection container 1 1.
  • the connecting means 15 ' and the counterpart 15 together form e.g. a snap-on coupling.
  • a second connection 17 is formed in the output branch coupling 16 for transporting air arranged in the collection container 1 , into which connection a pipe or a hose 28 coming from the partial-vacuum source 21 can be connected with a counterpart 17' or transporting air can be conducted out of the collection container 1 1 of the separating device via the output branch coupling 16.
  • the external container 12 of the deep collection container is embedded below the surface S of the ground or corresponding. All the planes from which material can be dropped into the container, and correspondingly from which the emptying of the container can be performed, can be regarded as a corresponding surface.
  • the walls of the external container 12 form a vertical, e.g. cylindrical, container of steel or other material, such as reinforced plastic, that is closed at the bottom and open at the top.
  • the container is preferably sunk into the ground, into a cavity made for the purpose, in such a way that most of the volume of the container is situated below the surface S of the ground.
  • the side walls 4 of the external container can extend to above the surface S of the ground.
  • the cross-sectional area of the external container on the horizontal plane starting from the base 5 is constant, but it can be increasingly larger on the horizontal plane going upwards, in which case the external container expands slightly upwards in a conical manner.
  • a space 33 is arranged between the external container 12 and the collection container 1 1 , to which the suction side of the partial-vacuum generator 21 can be connected to act in.
  • a pathway 24, 28, 32 is arranged from the suction side of the partial-vacuum generator 21 to the space 33 between the external container and the collection container, the space in Fig. 1 being the recess formed in the base part 5 of the external container 12.
  • the pathway is provided with a valve means 31 , which in the operating mode of Fig. 1 is closed.
  • a space 33 is formed in the base 5 of the external container 12, into which space the bottom part 1 1 ' of the collection container 1 1 at least partly extends when the collection container 1 1 is placed into its position in the collection position inside the external container 12.
  • An openable and closable connection to the suction side of the partial-vacuum generator 21 is arranged from the space 33 between the recess and the collection container
  • a wall section is arranged in the collection container 1 , and arranged in which wall section is an area through which an air flow passes but which retains the material of the collection container.
  • a wall part is arranged in the bottom part of the collection container, in which wall part are apertures 34 through which the air flow can pass but through which the waste material W, or at least most of it, is unable to pass.
  • apertures 34 are formed in the wall of an openable and closable hatch 7 covering, in the collection position, the emptying aperture 6 (not presented in Fig. 4) that is on the bottom part 1 1 ' of the collection container 1 1 .
  • the separating device 10 is, according to the invention, a so-called deep collection container, which comprises in one embodiment an external container 12 and a collection container 1 1.
  • the external container 12 is, in the embodiment of the figure, a pit or a container arranged in the ground or in the soil, said pit or container having a base 5 and a side wall 4.
  • the external container 12 extends from surface level s downwards for some distance.
  • a separate collection container 1 1. which is fitted into the external container 12, is arranged for the external container.
  • the collection container 1 1 of the separating device 10 is a so-called cyclone separator comprising a chamber space that is bounded by side walls 1 1 ', 1 1 ", a bottom hatch 7 and a top end wall 47.
  • the chamber space is wider at its top part 1 1 ', mainly cylindrical and tapers conically at its bottom part 1 1 " towards the base, in which is an output aperture 6 and a wall part, i.e. a hatch 7, opening and closing said aperture.
  • An input branch coupling 14 is connected to the wall of the collection container 1 1 of the separating device, to the top part 1 1 ' of it, via which branch coupling the material to be transported, such as waste material, is conducted together with the transporting air into the chamber space of the separating device from the input aperture 14'.
  • the input aperture 14' is arranged in the wall of the chamber space of the separating device, in the top part of its side wall.
  • the input aperture 14' of the input branch coupling 14 into the collection container 1 1 is arranged in the wall of the separating device, in the top part 1 1 ' of said wall, in the area between the end wall 47 and the bottom part of the wail 13 of the output channel extending into the inside part of the separating device.
  • the separating device 10 in the collection container 1 1 thus comprises a ring-like section in the aforementioned area, in which the wall 13 forms the Inner rim of the ring-like section and the wall 1 1 ' of the collection container, typically the top part of the wall, forms the outer rim of the ring-like section.
  • the input branch coupling 14 and the input aperture 14' are arranged in the wall 1 1 ' of the collection container 1 1 in such a way that the transporting air and the solid particles w (i.e. the material) are fed into the collection container 1 1 , in the top part of it, in a mainly tangential movement.
  • the material w such as waste material
  • the material w is presented in the figure as grey.
  • the separated material is removed, e.g. according to need, from the collection container.
  • This material removal phase i.e. the phase of emptying the container, is presented In the following and e.g. in Fig. 4, in which the collection container is lifted from the externa! container 12 with lifting means 42, 43, 44 (the lifting device itself is not presented), into the container 41 of a transport means such as of a garbage truck 40, e.g. via an output aperture 6 for material arranged in the bottom part of the collection container 1 1 , e.g.
  • Figs. 1 b and 1 c present one embodiment of the wall 7, i.e. of the hatch.
  • the center area of the wall 7, i.e. of the hatch comprises apertures 34.
  • the edge area of the wall extends obliquely upwards from a planar center area.
  • a hinge means 7' is arranged in the edge area of the wall 7, from which hinge means the wall is arranged to be fastened to the wall of the bottom part 1 1 ' of the collection container 1 1 of the separating device.
  • the wail 7 is arranged outside the truncated conical bottom part of the collection container.
  • the transporting air is conducted from the separating device with an output branch coupling 6 for the transporting air.
  • the transporting air is typically deflected in the separating device, in which case the heavier material accompanying the conveying air separates from the conveying air more easily.
  • a wall part 13 is arranged in the top part of the collection container 1 1 of the separating device, which wall part extends into the chamber space of the separating device.
  • the wall part 13 is cylindrical.
  • the wall part is on the same axis as (is coaxial with) the vertical axis of the collection container 1 1 of the separating device.
  • An output channel is formed on the inside of the rim of the wall part 13, into which output channel the aperture of the bottom part of the wall 13 leads. There is a connection from the top part of the output channel via the output aperture 16' to the output branch coupling 16 for the transporting air.
  • the output branch coupling 16 is, in the embodiment of Figs. 1 and 2, arranged in the collection container 1 1 of the separating device in such a way that the transporting air is exhausted in a mainly tangential movement from the top part of the collection container 1 1 .
  • a tangential movement has been brought about for the outgoing transporting air in the output channel bounded by the wall part 13, which movement is preferably in the opposite direction with respect to the tangential movement of the transporting air (and the particles transported along with it) in the collection container 1 1 of the separating device, at least in the proximity of the input branch coupling 14 in the chamber space.
  • the tangential movement of the transporting air is thus opposite with respect to the rotation direction of the tangential movement of the transporting air coming into the separating device from the input branch coupling 14.
  • the rotating movement of the transporting air coming in from the chamber space of the collection container 1 1 is neutralized in the output channel 13, or in the proximity of it, and the speed of the transporting air decelerates. With this procedure the easy ascent of detrimental particles, such as paper and plastic, along with the transporting air from the chamber space of the collection container 1 1 of the separating device into the output channel 13 is prevented.
  • the material fed in is transported along the conveying piping 100, 101 A, 101 B to a container 1 1 , in which the material being transported separates, e.g. due to the dropping of speed and due to centrifugal force, from the transporting air.
  • a partial vacuum is produced in the conveying pipe 100.
  • the suction acts in the conveying pipe 100 via the medium pathway connecting to the container.
  • a feed valve 104 is between the main conveying pipe 100 and the branch conveying pipe 101 A and an input point 108, which valve is open in this operating mode.
  • the suction is able to act also in the feeder channel 106 of an input point 108 and in a possible shaper device 105.
  • the material batch intended to be conveyed is conveyed into the branch conveying pipe 101 A and onwards into the main conveying pipe 100.
  • Possible replacement air comes into the conveying pipe e.g. via the input point 108 when opening the valve 04 to the conveying pipe.
  • the valve 109 of the replacement air duct 102 can be opened for receiving replacement air into the conveying pipe 101 A, 100.
  • the waste material is conveyed along the conveying piping 101 A, 100 into the container 1 1 , where the transporting air separates from the waste material and the waste material remains in the collection container 1 1 .
  • a blowing device can be used to achieve the pressure difference/transporting air flow needed in the conveying pipe, in this case blowing is achieved in the conveying pipe, e.g. into the material to be transported on the opposite side with respect to the separating device 10, by the aid of which blowing material is conveyed along the conveying pipe e.g. via the input branch coupling 14 into the collection container 1 1 of the separating device, in which container the material separates from the transporting air and the transporting air is conducted via the output branch coupling 16 for the transporting air out from the collection container 1 1 , from its chamber space.
  • the collection container 1 1 can be arranged according to Figs. 1 -3 in a space bounded by the walls 4, 5 of the external container 12.
  • the collection container 1 1 can be lifted with lifting means 42, 43, 44 from above out of the open external container 12 for emptying.
  • Fig. 4 presents an external container, from which the collection container 1 1 has been removed.
  • the optional separate lid part 45 has also been removed so that the collection container 1 1 can be removed from the external container 12
  • a filling aperture can be made in the collection container 1 1 , e.g. in the top part of the container.
  • the filling aperture of the collection container is in this case preferably provided with a hatch (not presented in the figure).
  • the material w that is in the collection container can be compressed, i.e. compacted, according to the invention to become denser.
  • Fig. 2 presents a second operating mode, which has switched from the first operating mode, i.e. the filling mode, to compacting and thus the material W is compressed by means of suction and replacement air to become the more tightly compacted material cw.
  • the pathway 30 from the suction side of the partial-vacuum source into the output branch coupling 16 of the top part of the collection container is closed with the valve means 29.
  • the pathway 32 from the suction side of the partial-vacuum source 21 to the space 33 between the external container 12 and the collection container 1 1 is opened, in which case suction is able to act in the container space of the collection container 1 1 via at least one aperture 34 of the wall part 7 of the collection container.
  • the wall part 7 is a hatch covering the emptying aperture 6 in the bottom part of the collection container, the hatch being arranged in a turnable manner with hinge means 7' on the wall of the bottom part 1 1 ' of the collection container 1 1.
  • the replacement air duct 35 is opened with the valve means 36 arranged in it.
  • the replacement air duct 35 is connected to the top part of the collection container via the duct 30 and the output aperture 16' of the output branch coupling 16.
  • the material w in the container space is compressed against at least one wall 7 of the bottom part 1 1 ' of the collection container and against each other and is volumetrically compressed.
  • This compacted material is marked in the figures with the marking cw.
  • the volume of the material in the collection container decreases significantly, depending on the embodiment and on the properties of the material.
  • the volume of the compacted waste material has been reduced by 30 - 50% compared to the volume before compacting.
  • the compaction phase can last for just a while, depending on the application site, e g. 5-10 seconds. The time can also be longer or shorter than this.
  • suction is no longer able to act in the bottom part of the collection container, in the container space of the collection container 1 1 , via at least one aperture 34 of the wall part 7.
  • the replacement air duct 35 is closed with the valve means 36 arranged in it.
  • Fig. 4 presents the fourth operating mode, i.e. the emptying phase of the collection container 1 1
  • the emptying of the collection container 1 1 can be performed according to need, and e.g. less frequently than the suction phase presented above, in which the material is conveyed from input points into the collection container of the separating device.
  • the collection container is lifted with lifting means 42, 43, 44, e.g.
  • the waste transport vehicle is provided with a partial-vacuum source 21 , and in this case it first conveys, in a suction phase, the material from input points 108 into the collection container and then it lifts the collection container 1 1 so that the material is emptied from the collection container 1 1 into the container 41 of the waste transport vehicle 40, after a possible compression phase.
  • the separating device 10 is embedded into the ground and a lid part 45 is arranged on top of it.
  • the lid part 45 extends to outside the rim formed by the top part of the wall 4 of the external container 12 of the separating device 10.
  • a recess 46 is arranged for the lid part 45, in which case the top surface of the lid part 45 is on essentially the same level as the ground surface S when the lid part 45 is arranged into its position in the recess.
  • an input aperture comprising an openable and closable hatch, for feeding material directly into the collection container, is formed in the top wall.
  • Lifting means 44, 43, 42 such as a lifting lug 44, are arranged on the top wall 47 for lifting, to which lifting means a lifting sling, lifting cable or lifting chain 43 can be fixed and then lifted with the lifting hook 42 of the hoisting device.
  • lifting means 44, 43, 42 such as a lifting lug 44, are arranged on the top wall 47 for lifting, to which lifting means a lifting sling, lifting cable or lifting chain 43 can be fixed and then lifted with the lifting hook 42 of the hoisting device.
  • there are two lifting lugs 44 but there can be more or fewer of them.
  • the depth in the deep collection container, i.e. of the external container 12 of the separating device 10, according to the invention from the surface s of the ground is approx. 3 meters and the diameter of the external container 12 is approx. 2 meters.
  • the diameter can, of course, range according to the application site, e.g. 1000-3000 mm.
  • the depth of embedding of the external container i.e. the distance of the base of the container from the surface S of the ground, can range according to the application site, e.g. 2000-4000 mm.
  • the collection container 1 1 is a deep collection container according to the invention, the material w that has collected in the container is compressed more densely in the container when the amount of material in the container increases.
  • the material w that has collected in the container is compressed more densely in the container when the amount of material in the container increases. Owing to this it is possible to save space, the separating device can be made to match the environment and the emptying of i is convenient.
  • the partial-vacuum source and the emptying of the input points can be performed conveniently, e.g. with a separate mobile partial -vacuum source or with a partial-vacuum source in connection with a garbage truck.
  • the invention thus relates to a method for handling material in a pneumatic material conveying system, which conveying system comprises at least one input point 108 of material, a material conveying pipe 100, which can be connected to an input point 108, and a separating device or container 1 , in which the material to be transported is separated from the transporting air, and also means for achieving a pressure difference and/or a transporting air flow in the conveying pipe 100 at least during the transportation of material.
  • the material w is acted upon by the combined effect of suction and replacement air in the collection container 1 1 of the separating device 10 by bringing about volumetric compression against at least one wall 7 for at least some of the material w conducted into the collection container, in which wall at least one aperture 34 is formed, the aperture being connected to a medium connection on the suction side of the partial-vacuum source.
  • At least a part of the material w fed into the collection container 1 1 is acted upon by opening via the aperture 34 of the wall 7 of the collection container a pathway 24, 28, 32, 33 to the suction side of the partial-vacuum generator 21 and by opening a pathway from the collection container for replacement air from the opposite side of the material.
  • material is fed into the collection container 1 1 of the separating device 10 and the material is acted upon in phases, in which case in the first phase material w is fed into the collection container 1 1 of the separating device, in which case the material is volumetrically compressed mainly by means of gravity, in the second phase the materia! is pressed against the wail 7 in the collection container 1 1 of the separating device by the combined effect of suction and replacement air, and in the third phase more material w is possibly fed into the collection container of the separating device.
  • the separating device 10 is a deep collection container-separating device 10, into which material is conveyed from input points 08 via a conveying pipe 100, and that in the emptying phase the collection container 1 1 is lifted with lifting means and the material w that has collected in the collection container 1 1 is emptied via an openable and closab!e aperture 6 arranged in the bottom part of the collection container 1 1.
  • the hatch covering in the collection position the emptying aperture 6 of the collection container 1 1 is a wall 7, in which apertures 34 are formed, in which case in the second phase, i.e. in the compression phase, suction acts in the collection container via the apertures 34 of the hatch.
  • the materia! is volumetrical!y compressed by 30 - 50%.
  • the means for achieving a pressure difference and/or a transporting air flow in the conveying pipe comprise at least one partial- vacuum source 21 , by the aid of the suction or pressure difference or transporting air flow achieved by which partial-vacuum source material is conveyed in the conveying pipe and by means of which compression is achieved for at least some of the material w in the collection container 1 of the separating device.
  • the collection container 1 1 is emptied into the container space 41 of a transport means 40, in which container space the material is preferably compressed to be denser, and which transport means 40 transports the materia! away.
  • the collection container 1 1 is lifted in the emptying phase from the external container 12, in which it is at least partly, and after the emptying phase the emptied collection container 1 1 is lowered back into the external container 12,
  • the means for achieving a pressure difference and/or a transporting air flow in the conveying pipe are used as the means for achieving a pressure difference and/or a transporting air flow in the conveying pipe of a number of different material conveying systems, in which case the means for achieving a pressure difference and/or a transporting air flow in the conveying pipe are transferred with a mobile means to the proximity of each material conveying system and connected with connection means to the material conveying system.
  • the operating interval in connection with a material conveying system of the means for achieving a pressure difference and/or a transporting air flow in the conveying pipe is more frequent than the emptying interval of the collection container 1 1.
  • material is fed into a conveying pipe 100 from the input points 108 of material, which are waste input points, such as waste receptacles or refuse chutes.
  • the material conveying system is a waste conveying system.
  • the invention also relates to a separating device for a pneumatic material conveying system, which separating device comprises means for connecting a material conveying pipe 100 to the input aperture of the separating device and means for conducting away the transporting air from the chamber space of the separating device.
  • At least one wall 7 is arranged in the bottom part of the collection container 1 1 ,
  • the separating device is a deep collection container- separating device, which comprises means 44 for lifting the collection container 1 1 and in which collection container 11 is an openable aperture 6 in the bottom part.
  • the deep collection container-separating device comprises an actual collection container 11 and an external container 12.
  • the wall 7 is a hatch covering in the collection position the emptying aperture 6 arranged in the bottom part of the collection container, in which hatch a number of apertures 34 are arranged.
  • the collection container 11 narrows at least in the bottom part towards the output aperture 6.
  • a recess is formed in the base 5 of the external container, into which recess the bottom part of the collection container is adapted to extend at least partly, in which case the wall 7, in which is at least one aperture 34, is at the point of the recess, and that a medium connection can be formed from the suction side of the partial-vacuum generator 21 into the chamber space 33 between the recess and the bottom part of the collection container.
  • the collection container 1 1 comprises means for adapting it to function as a cyclone separator.
  • an output branch coupling 16 is arranged in the output channel of the collection container 11 in a mainly tangential direction with respect to the wall 13 of the output channel.
  • the external container 12 is embedded to below the surface level S of the ground at least partly.
  • the invention also relates to a waste conveying system, which comprises at least one input point 108 of waste material, a material conveying pipe 100, which can be connected to a input point 108, and a separating device or container 11 , in which the material being conveyed is separated from the transporting air, and means for producing a pressure difference and/or a conveying air current in the conveying pipe 100 at least during transportation of the material.
  • separating device 10 Arranged in connection with the separating device 10 are means for bringing about volumetric compression, in the collection container 1 1 of the separating device, for at least some of the material w conducted into the separating device, which means comprise at least one wall 7, which is adapted to hold at least most of the material arranged against it and to let an air flow past or through, and means for connecting the suction side of a partial-vacuum source to act in the collection container via at least one aperture 34 formed in the wall 7, and replacement air means for conducting replacement air into the collection container in such a way that volumetric compression against the wall can be brought about by the combined effect of suction and replacement air for at least some of the material w conducted into the collection container.
  • the separating device 10 is a deep collection container-separating device, into which material is adapted to be conveyed from input points 108 via a conveying pipe 100, of the material w that has collected in the collection container 1 1 at least a part is compressed by the combined effect of suction and replacement air in the collection container to be denser, and that in the emptying phase the collection container 1 1 is lifted with lifting means and emptied via an openable aperture 6 arranged in the bottom part of the collection container 1 1.
  • the system comprises a separating device according to what is presented in any of the aforementioned characteristic features or according to any of claims 14 - 24.
  • a method according to what is presented in any of the aforementioned characteristic features or according to any of claims 1 - 13 is used.
  • the mobile partial-vacuum source presented e.g. in publication WO201 151522, or a conventional partial- vacuum source arranged in the proximity of the separating device, e.g. arranged in a container, can be used.
  • the separating device according to the invention i.e. a deep collection container- separating device
  • a deep collection container- separating device is also suitable in connection with those types of pneumatic pipe transport systems for material in which the material is moved by means of a pressure difference/transporting air flow.
  • Such types are e.g. systems in which the conveying pipe is blown into, for conveying the material arranged into it along the conveying pipe into a deep collection container-separating device.
  • the transporting air is arranged to be removed from the separating device, from its collection container 1 1 , e.g. via the output branch coupling 16 for transporting air.
  • the method and apparatus are also suited for use also in those cases in which material is conveyed by means of a pressure difference/transporting air flow brought about in the conveying pipe by blowing means.
  • the invention is not limited to the embodiments presented above, but that it can be varied within the scope of the claims presented below.
  • the characteristic features possibly presented in the description in conjunction with other characteristic features can also, if necessary, be used separately to each other.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Refuse Collection And Transfer (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de manutention de matériau dans un système de transport pneumatique de matériau, ledit système de transport comprenant au moins un point d'entrée (108) de matériau, une conduite de transport de matériau (100) qui peut être raccordée au point d'entrée (108) et un dispositif de séparation ou un récipient (11), dans lequel le matériau transporté est séparé de l'air de transport, ainsi que des moyens permettant de produire une différence de pression et/ou un flux d'air de transport dans la conduite de transport (100) au moins pendant le transport du matériau. Dans ledit procédé, le matériau (w) est sollicité par l'effet combiné d'aspiration et de l'air de remplacement dans le récipient de collecte (11) du dispositif de séparation (10) par création d'une compression volumétrique contre au moins une paroi (7) pour au moins une partie du matériau (w) amené dans le récipient de collecte, au moins une ouverture (34) étant formée dans ladite paroi, l'ouverture étant reliée à un raccord intermédiaire sur le côté d'aspiration de la source de vide partiel. L'invention concerne également un dispositif de séparation et un système de transport de déchets.
PCT/FI2016/050023 2015-01-29 2016-01-19 Procédé de manutention de matériau dans un système de transport de matériau, un système de transport de matériau et dispositif de séparation pour un système de transport de matériau WO2016120519A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FI20155063 2015-01-29
FI20155063A FI126185B (fi) 2015-01-29 2015-01-29 Menetelmä materiaalin käsittelemiseksi materiaalinsiirtojärjestelmässä, materiaalinsiirtojärjestelmä ja materiaalinsiirtojärjestelmän erotinlaite

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107804633A (zh) * 2017-09-12 2018-03-16 合肥富通环保新能源科技有限公司 一种生活垃圾气力输送方法

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH04277102A (ja) * 1991-03-02 1992-10-02 Seishiyou Electron:Kk 吸引型ゴミ処理装置
JPH04277101A (ja) * 1991-03-02 1992-10-02 Seishiyou Electron:Kk ゴミ袋
WO2009061264A1 (fr) * 2007-11-08 2009-05-14 Envac Ab Collecte et gestion d'ordures
WO2014029903A1 (fr) * 2012-08-22 2014-02-27 Maricap Oy Procédé pour manipuler un matériau dans un système de transport de matériau, système de transport de matériau et dispositif séparé pour un système de transport de matériau
WO2014037611A1 (fr) * 2012-09-04 2014-03-13 Maricap Oy Appareil de traitement de matière, et dispositif contenant/séparateur de déchets

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH04277102A (ja) * 1991-03-02 1992-10-02 Seishiyou Electron:Kk 吸引型ゴミ処理装置
JPH04277101A (ja) * 1991-03-02 1992-10-02 Seishiyou Electron:Kk ゴミ袋
WO2009061264A1 (fr) * 2007-11-08 2009-05-14 Envac Ab Collecte et gestion d'ordures
WO2014029903A1 (fr) * 2012-08-22 2014-02-27 Maricap Oy Procédé pour manipuler un matériau dans un système de transport de matériau, système de transport de matériau et dispositif séparé pour un système de transport de matériau
WO2014037611A1 (fr) * 2012-09-04 2014-03-13 Maricap Oy Appareil de traitement de matière, et dispositif contenant/séparateur de déchets

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107804633A (zh) * 2017-09-12 2018-03-16 合肥富通环保新能源科技有限公司 一种生活垃圾气力输送方法

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FI126185B (fi) 2016-08-15

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