WO2016117717A1 - Planar heating element and method of eliminating frost using the same - Google Patents

Planar heating element and method of eliminating frost using the same Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016117717A1
WO2016117717A1 PCT/KR2015/000586 KR2015000586W WO2016117717A1 WO 2016117717 A1 WO2016117717 A1 WO 2016117717A1 KR 2015000586 W KR2015000586 W KR 2015000586W WO 2016117717 A1 WO2016117717 A1 WO 2016117717A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heating element
vehicle
electric heating
planar heating
piezoelectric
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/KR2015/000586
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Yoon Hyun Kim
Yaho JUNG
Original Assignee
Chang Sung Co., Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Chang Sung Co., Ltd. filed Critical Chang Sung Co., Ltd.
Priority to PCT/KR2015/000586 priority Critical patent/WO2016117717A1/en
Priority to KR1020157004460A priority patent/KR101690165B1/en
Publication of WO2016117717A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016117717A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/84—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/02—Details
    • H05B3/03—Electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
    • H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
    • H05B3/141—Conductive ceramics, e.g. metal oxides, metal carbides, barium titanate, ferrites, zirconia, vitrous compounds
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
    • H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
    • H05B3/145—Carbon only, e.g. carbon black, graphite
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/16—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor the conductor being mounted on an insulating base
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
    • H05B3/26—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2213/00—Aspects relating both to resistive heating and to induction heating, covered by H05B3/00 and H05B6/00
    • H05B2213/07—Heating plates with temperature control means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2214/00—Aspects relating to resistive heating, induction heating and heating using microwaves, covered by groups H05B3/00, H05B6/00
    • H05B2214/02—Heaters specially designed for de-icing or protection against icing

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the inventive concept relate to a planar heating element for a window of a vehicle and a method of eliminating frost by using the same, and more particularly to a planar heating element for a vehicle using a piezoelectric element, which disposes a spacer and the piezoelectric element between an electrode and the planar heating element mainly composed of a nano-wire, and then applies a pressure to the front window of the vehicle, so that it is possible to obtain a traveling performance of the vehiclefor the freezing phenomenon occurring in the vehicle, and a method of eliminating frost by using the planar heating element.
  • a vehicle In general, a vehicle is washed by a certain interval of time. Also, after the snow or rain, a driver himself/herself washes the vehicle or the driver depends on another person in washing the vehicle. The washing of the vehicle may enhance the appearance of the vehicle and lengthen the lifespan of the vehicle. Therefore, it is true that owners or drivers of the vehicle frequently wash the vehicle.
  • a washing worker uses water to wash the vehicle, a dust cloth is used in order to eliminate the water on the surface of the vehicle.
  • the dust cloth stains clothes, shoes or the like of the worker.
  • serious problems that hands are cold, etc. are caused.
  • the present invention is intended to solve the above-mentioned problems.
  • the present invention relates to a planar heating element for a vehicle using a piezoelectric element, which is capable of preventing frost or snow on the window of the vehicle which may be directly concerned with driver s life protection by maintaining the temperature of the window of the vehicle higher than a certain temperature.
  • planar heating element for a vehicle using a piezoelectric element.
  • the planar heating element may include: an electric heating element which emits Joule heat when electrically connected; a plurality of metals or piezoelectric elements which are installed on the bottom surface of the electric heating element; an elastic spacer which is installed between the metals or piezoelectric elements; and upper and lower electrodes which are installed on the bottom surfaces of the plurality of metals or piezoelectric elements.
  • Another embodiment is a method for eliminating frost by using a planar heating element for a vehicle using a piezoelectric element.
  • the method may include: applying a pressure from the outside to the top surface of an electric heating element (S110); contracting a spacer by applying the external pressure and electrically connecting upper and lower electrodes with the electric heating element by metal or the piezoelectric element (S120); measuring a temperature of the electric heating element by using a thermocouple (S130); and stopping the operation of the electric heating element 122 when the temperature measured by using the thermocouple is higher than 10°C(S140).
  • the temperature of the front window or rear window of the vehicle is maintained higher than 0°C by the operation of the planar heating element installed on the front window or rear window of the vehicle, so that it is possible to obtain the traveling performance of the vehicle and to provide a means for protecting the driver from the risk on driving.
  • Fig. 1 is a view showing a structure of a vehicle in which a planar heating element for the vehicle using a piezoelectric element has been installed in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a view showing a relation between an electrode and the planar heating element according to the embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a view showing a configuration of a spacer 150 which is installed between an electric heating element 122 and upper and lower electrodes according to the embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 4 is a cross sectional view of a configuration of the planar heating element according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a view showing that a planar heating element for the vehicle using the piezoelectric element has been formed in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is an exploded perspective view showing that an insulation layer 160 and a transparent thermal conductor 170 have been added to the embodiment shown in Fig. 2.
  • Fig. 1 is a picture showing an embodiment of a vehicle to which a planar heating element using a piezoelectric element can be applied in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a front window 110 of a vehicle 100 may be installed obliquely with respect to the vehicle.
  • snow should not be accumulated or frost should not be formed on the front window 110 of the vehicle 100.
  • frost it may be necessary to immediately eliminate the frost.
  • the present invention relates to the planar heating element for the vehicle using the piezoelectric element, which takes advantage of vibration at the time of driving the vehicle 100 and impact from the external snow or rain, and increases the temperature of the front window 110 of the vehicle 100 to higher than 0°C, so that it is possible to prevent that frost is formed or snow is accumulated on the front window 110.
  • Fig. 2 is a view showing a relation between an electrode and the planar heating element according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the planar heating element 120 may include a thin rectangular electric heating element 122.
  • Upper and lower electrodes 130 for electrifying the electric heating element 122 may be disposed on and under the electric heating element 122.
  • the electric heating element 122and the upper and lower electrodes 130 may be spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance.
  • a spacer 150 having a thickness corresponding to the predetermined distance may be disposed between the upper and lower electrodes 130 and may be disposed in the center of the upper and lower electrodes 130.
  • Fig. 3 is a view showing a configuration of the spacer 150 which is installed between the electric heating element 122 and the upper and lower electrodes and according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the elastic spacer 150 may be a connector composed of a plug 300 and a receptacle 400.
  • the plug 300 may include a metal column 320 and a plug fastener 330.
  • the metal column 320 forms a contact point with a plug body 310.
  • the plug fastener 330 is installed in the plug body.
  • the receptacle 400 may include a receptacle housing 410, a spring 420, a contact plate 430, and a receptacle fastener 440.
  • the spring 420 is installed inside the receptacle housing 410.
  • the contact plate 430 is elastically installed by the spring 420.
  • the receptacle fastener 440 is installed in the receptacle housing 410 and is fastened to the plug fastener 330.
  • a rectangular metal material may be disposed at four corners of the planar heating element 120.
  • the metal When a pressure is applied to the electric heating element 122, the metal may be electrically connected between the upper and lower electrodes 130 and the electric heating element 122.
  • a piezoelectric element 140 may be installed atfour corners of the electric heating element 122.
  • the piezoelectric element is able to convert mechanical deformation into the amount of electricity by making use of a phenomenon in which whena pressure is applied to a kind of a crystal plate in a certain direction, a positive electric charge and a negative electric charge which are proportional to an external force given to both sides of the plate are polarized.
  • a thermocouple for controlling the temperature of the front window 110 may be further installed on one side of the front window 110 of the vehicle 100.
  • Fig. 4 is a cross sectional view of a configuration of the planar heating element according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the electric heating element 122, the spacer 150 which is in direct contact with the bottom surface of the electric heating element 122, and metal or the piezoelectric element 140 which is "G" thinner than the spacer 150 may be formed in the planar heating element 120 for the vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the upper and lower electrodes 130 may be electrically connected to the bottom surface of the piezoelectric element 140.
  • the electric heating element 122 may be electrified through the upper and lower electrodes 130.
  • the piezoelectric element 140 when an external pressure is not applied, the piezoelectric element 140 is not electrically connected to the electric heating element 122, and thus, is not electrified. Therefore, the temperature of the electric heating element 122 may be the same as the outside air temperature.
  • the external pressure may be an external stimulus, e.g., snow or rain, etc. or may be a human pressure or may be vibration due to the traveling of the vehicle.
  • the piezoelectric element 140 is able to convert between mechanical energy and electrical energy, which are applied to the piezoelectric element.
  • the piezoelectric element 140 is transformed by an external physical force, and then the electrical energy is generated. Conversely, the piezoelectric element 140 receives external electrical energy, and then is transformed.
  • the piezoelectric element 140 may have a stack structure in which an external electrode is formed on the surface of a piezoelectric member formed by repeatedly stacking the plurality of piezoelectric layers and internal electrode layers, and a cover layer is formed on and under the piezoelectric member respectively.
  • Pb(ZrTi)O 3 (hereafter, referred to as PZT) based oxide may be representatively used as the piezoelectric layer.
  • the piezoelectric element 140 formed between the electric heating element 122 and the upper and lower electrodes 130 may be, as shown in Fig. 3, formed on the upper and lower electrodes 130 or on the electric heating element 122. As such, so long as no pressure is applied to the electric heating element 122, it is preferable that the piezoelectric element 140 is spaced from the electric heating element 122 or spaced from the upper and lower electrodes 130 so as not to transmit the mechanical energy (pressure) to the piezoelectric element 140, so that a gap "G" is formed between the electric heating element 122 and the upper and lower electrodes 130.
  • the gap "G”formed between the piezoelectric element 140 and the electric heating element 122 or between the piezoelectric element 140 and upper and lower electrodes 130 may be maintained in a tension state by the elasticity of the spacer 150. So long as a pressure higher than a certain value is not applied to the electric heating element 122, the gap “G”may be formed such that the pressure is not transferred to the piezoelectric element 140.
  • the thickness of the spacer 150 is larger than the thickness of the piezoelectric element 140, so that the gap "G” is formed to have a value corresponding to the difference between the thickness of the spacer 150 and the thickness of the piezoelectric element 140.
  • the spacer 150 is preferably made of a material having an elastic restoring force. Therefore, when a pressure is applied to the electric heating element 122, the spacer 150 is transformed, and when the pressure applied to the electric heating element 122 is removed, the spacer 150 is restored to its original state, so that the gap "G" is formed.
  • the electric heating element 122 refers to a heating element which generates heat by allowing current to flow by DC voltage or AC voltage.
  • the electric heating element 122 may be formed by a method of depositing on a substrate (not shown), and the like.
  • the material of the electric heating element 122 is not particularly limited.
  • the electric heating element 122 may be made of a carbon based material like a carbon nanotube.
  • the carbon based material including the carbon nanotube may include a single wall carbon nanotube (SWCNTT) or a multi wall carbon nanotube.
  • the electric heating element 122 may include Ag nanowire, Ag paste, and conductive and transparent oxides like indium tin oxide (ITO), zinc oxide (ZnO), and tin oxide (SnO 2 ).
  • ITO indium tin oxide
  • ZnO zinc oxide
  • SnO 2 tin oxide
  • the upper and lower electrodes 130 may be formed on the bottom surface of the electric heating element 122 via the piezoelectric element 140 or the spacer 150. Although it has been described that the upper and lower electrodes 130 are, as shown in Fig. 2, formed on the top and bottom surfaces of the electric heating element 122, there is no limit to this.
  • Fig. 5 is a view showing a configuration of a planar heating element for a vehicle in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the planar heating element 120 for the vehicle including the electric heating element 122 may be installed in the lower portion of the front window 110 of the vehicle 100.
  • a transparent thermal conductor 170 may be formed in the upper portion of the front window 110 of the vehicle 100.
  • the transparent thermal conductor 170 and the planar heating element 120 are disposed in the upper and lower portions of the front window of the vehicle, so that it is possible to effectively prevent that frost is formed or snow is accumulated on the front window of the vehicle.
  • Fig. 6 is an exploded perspective view showing that an insulation layer 160 and the transparent thermal conductor 170 have been added to the embodiment shown in Fig. 2.
  • the transparent thermal conductor 170 may be further included on the top surface of the electric heating element 122. Glass, a silicon substrate or a plastic substrate may be used as the transparent thermal conductor 170.
  • a thin film may be formed by depositing a conductive heating material on one side of the transparent thermal conductor 170.
  • the planar heating element 120 for the vehicle using the piezoelectric element in accordance with the embodiment of the present invention may further include an insulation layer 160 covering the top surface of the transparent thermal conductor.
  • the insulation layer 160 may perform a function to protect the transparent thermal conductor 170, the electric heating element 122, and the upper and lower electrodes 130 from moisture or impurities.
  • the insulation layer 160 may include insulating polyvinyl butyral (PVB) resin or silicon carbide (SiC).
  • PVB polyvinyl butyral
  • SiC silicon carbide
  • planar heating element 120 for the vehicle using the piezoelectric element 140 which is capable of eliminating frost by increasing uniformly the temperature of the front window 110 of the vehicle 100.
  • planar heating element which divides the front window 110 of the vehicle 100 into the upper portion and the lower portion, and then the lower portion includes the electric heating element 122. It is also possible to obtain the traveling performance of the vehicle 100 even by installing the planar heating element 120 in the lower portion of the front window 110 of the vehicle 100 and installing the transparent thermal conductor on the upper portion the front window 110 of the vehicle 100.
  • planar heating element for a vehicle using the piezoelectric element according to the embodiment of the present invention is mounted on the front window 110 of the vehicle 100.
  • a pressure may be applied from the outside to the top surface of the electric heating element 122 (S110).
  • a pressure is, as described above, applied to the front window 110 of the vehicle 100 including the electric heating element 122, the spacer 150 is contracted, and thus, the piezoelectric element 140 is able to electrically connect the upper and lower electrodes 130 with the electric heating element 122 (S120).
  • the electric heating element 122 When the electric heating element 122 is electrically connected as such, the electric heating element 122 may be heated according to Joule heating principle.
  • the electric heating element 122 may include a means for measuring the temperature of the electric heating element 122.
  • the means for measuring the temperature of the electric heating element 122 may be the thermocouple. As such, the temperature of the electric heating element 122 can be measured through the thermocouple (not shown) (S130).
  • thermocouple When the temperature of the thermocouple is higher than 10°C, the operation of the electric heating element 122 may be stopped (S140).
  • the temperature of the front window 110 of the vehicle 100 becomes higher than 0°C. Therefore, even when snow falls or frost is formed on the front window 110 of the vehicle 100, it is possibleto melt the frost and to easily obtain the traveling performance of the vehicle 100 by increasing the temperature of the electric heating element 122.
  • planar heating element according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.
  • the planar heating element 120 is manufactured and is installed on the front window 110 of the vehicle 100.
  • the thermocouple is installed on one side of the front window 110 of the vehicle 100 and the temperature of outside air is measured.
  • the planar heating element 120 is operated by applying a pressure to the planar heating element 120.
  • the piezoelectric element 140 or metal installed under the electric heating element 122 is pressed, and thus, an electrification phenomenon occurs through the upper and lower electrodes
  • the temperature of the electric heating element 122 rises.
  • thermocouple With the rise of the temperature of the electric heating element 122, the temperature of the thermocouple installed on the front window 110 rises. As the temperature of the thermocouple becomes higher than 0°C, the frost on the front window 110 of the vehicle begins to melt. When the temperature of the thermocouple rises and becomes higher than 10°C, the operation of the planar heating element 120 is stopped.
  • thermocouple is installed on one side of the electric heating element 122.
  • Table 1 shows the state of the front window of the vehicle resulting from the embodiment and comparison example.
  • the state of the front window 110 of the vehicle 100 is changed according to the position of the thermocouple.
  • Embodiments of the inventive concept relate to a planar heating element for a window of a vehicle and a method of eliminating frost by using the same, and more particularly to a planar heating element for a vehicle using a piezoelectric element.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

Disclosed is a planar heating element, which can be used in the front window of a vehicle, and a method for eliminating frost by using the planar heating element. According to the planar heating element for the vehicle and the method for eliminating frost by using the planar heating element, an electrification phenomenon occurs in the planar heating element by applying a pressure to the front window of the vehicle, and then the temperature of the front window of the vehicle is increased by using the electrification phenomenon, so that it is possible to prevent that the front window of the vehicle is frozen or snow is accumulated on the front window of the vehicle.

Description

PLANAR HEATING ELEMENT AND METHOD OF ELIMINATING FROST USING THE SAME
Embodiments of the inventive concept relate to a planar heating element for a window of a vehicle and a method of eliminating frost by using the same, and more particularly to a planar heating element for a vehicle using a piezoelectric element, which disposes a spacer and the piezoelectric element between an electrode and the planar heating element mainly composed of a nano-wire, and then applies a pressure to the front window of the vehicle, so that it is possible to obtain a traveling performance of the vehiclefor the freezing phenomenon occurring in the vehicle, and a method of eliminating frost by using the planar heating element.
In general, a vehicle is washed by a certain interval of time. Also, after the snow or rain, a driver himself/herself washes the vehicle or the driver depends on another person in washing the vehicle. The washing of the vehicle may enhance the appearance of the vehicle and lengthen the lifespan of the vehicle. Therefore, it is true that owners or drivers of the vehicle frequently wash the vehicle.
Since a washing worker uses water to wash the vehicle, a dust cloth is used in order to eliminate the water on the surface of the vehicle. Here, the dust cloth stains clothes, shoes or the like of the worker. Particularly, when cold water is used at a low temperature in winter, serious problems that hands are cold, etc. are caused.
Also, in eliminating the snow on the surface of the vehicle in winter, most drivers usually use a broom. However, the surface of the vehicle body or window of the vehicle frequently is scratched during the elimination of the snow. Moreover, through such a workingmethod, the front or rear window of the vehicle cannot be clearly washed, which may cause the vehicle accidents.
The present invention is intended to solve the above-mentioned problems. The present invention relates to a planar heating element for a vehicle using a piezoelectric element, which is capable of preventing frost or snow on the window of the vehicle which may be directly concerned with driver s life protection by maintaining the temperature of the window of the vehicle higher than a certain temperature.
One embodiment is a planar heating element for a vehicle using a piezoelectric element. The planar heating element may include: an electric heating element which emits Joule heat when electrically connected; a plurality of metals or piezoelectric elements which are installed on the bottom surface of the electric heating element; an elastic spacer which is installed between the metals or piezoelectric elements; and upper and lower electrodes which are installed on the bottom surfaces of the plurality of metals or piezoelectric elements.
Another embodiment is a method for eliminating frost by using a planar heating element for a vehicle using a piezoelectric element. The method may include: applying a pressure from the outside to the top surface of an electric heating element (S110); contracting a spacer by applying the external pressure and electrically connecting upper and lower electrodes with the electric heating element by metal or the piezoelectric element (S120); measuring a temperature of the electric heating element by using a thermocouple (S130); and stopping the operation of the electric heating element 122 when the temperature measured by using the thermocouple is higher than 10℃(S140).
According to the planar heating element for a vehicle using a piezoelectric element of the present invention, for the purpose of preventing a freezing phenomenon of the front window, which may be caused in the vehicle, the temperature of the front window or rear window of the vehicle is maintained higher than 0℃ by the operation of the planar heating element installed on the front window or rear window of the vehicle, so that it is possible to obtain the traveling performance of the vehicle and to provide a means for protecting the driver from the risk on driving.
Fig. 1 is a view showing a structure of a vehicle in which a planar heating element for the vehicle using a piezoelectric element has been installed in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a view showing a relation between an electrode and the planar heating element according to the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a view showing a configuration of a spacer 150 which is installed between an electric heating element 122 and upper and lower electrodes according to the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a cross sectional view of a configuration of the planar heating element according to the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a view showing that a planar heating element for the vehicle using the piezoelectric element has been formed in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention; and
Fig. 6 is an exploded perspective view showing that an insulation layer 160 and a transparent thermal conductor 170 have been added to the embodiment shown in Fig. 2.
The features, advantages and method for accomplishment of the present invention will be more apparent from referring to the following detailed embodiments described as well as the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiment to be disclosed below and is implemented in different and various forms. The embodiments bring about the completedisclosure of the present invention and are only defined to make those skilled in the art fully understand the scope of the present invention. In the drawings, the sizes and relative sizes of each layer and area may be exaggerated for clarity of the description.
Hereafter, a planar heating element for a vehicle using a piezoelectric element will be described.
Fig. 1 is a picture showing an embodiment of a vehicle to which a planar heating element using a piezoelectric element can be applied in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 1, a front window 110 of a vehicle 100 may be installed obliquely with respect to the vehicle. In order that a driver of the vehicle 100 drives safely the vehicle 100, it is required that snow should not be accumulated or frost should not be formed on the front window 110 of the vehicle 100. If frost is formed, it may be necessary to immediately eliminate the frost. The present invention relates to the planar heating element for the vehicle using the piezoelectric element, which takes advantage of vibration at the time of driving the vehicle 100 and impact from the external snow or rain, and increases the temperature of the front window 110 of the vehicle 100 to higher than 0℃, so that it is possible to prevent that frost is formed or snow is accumulated on the front window 110.
Fig. 2 is a view showing a relation between an electrode and the planar heating element according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 2, the planar heating element 120 according to the embodiment of the present invention may include a thin rectangular electric heating element 122. Upper and lower electrodes 130 for electrifying the electric heating element 122 may be disposed on and under the electric heating element 122.
The electric heating element 122and the upper and lower electrodes 130 may be spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance. A spacer 150 having a thickness corresponding to the predetermined distance may be disposed between the upper and lower electrodes 130 and may be disposed in the center of the upper and lower electrodes 130.
Fig. 3 is a view showing a configuration of the spacer 150 which is installed between the electric heating element 122 and the upper and lower electrodes and according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 3, the elastic spacer 150 may be a connector composed of a plug 300 and a receptacle 400. The plug 300 may include a metal column 320 and a plug fastener 330. The metal column 320 forms a contact point with a plug body 310. The plug fastener 330 is installed in the plug body.
The receptacle 400 may include a receptacle housing 410, a spring 420, a contact plate 430, and a receptacle fastener 440. The spring 420 is installed inside the receptacle housing 410. The contact plate 430 is elastically installed by the spring 420. The receptacle fastener 440 is installed in the receptacle housing 410 and is fastened to the plug fastener 330.
A rectangular metal material may be disposed at four corners of the planar heating element 120. When a pressure is applied to the electric heating element 122, the metal may be electrically connected between the upper and lower electrodes 130 and the electric heating element 122.
In another embodiment, a piezoelectric element 140 may be installed atfour corners of the electric heating element 122. The piezoelectric element is able to convert mechanical deformation into the amount of electricity by making use of a phenomenon in which whena pressure is applied to a kind of a crystal plate in a certain direction, a positive electric charge and a negative electric charge which are proportional to an external force given to both sides of the plate are polarized. Though not shown, a thermocouple for controlling the temperature of the front window 110 may be further installed on one side of the front window 110 of the vehicle 100.
Fig. 4 is a cross sectional view of a configuration of the planar heating element according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 4, the electric heating element 122, the spacer 150 which is in direct contact with the bottom surface of the electric heating element 122, and metal or the piezoelectric element 140 which is "G" thinner than the spacer 150 may be formed in the planar heating element 120 for the vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention.
The upper and lower electrodes 130 may be electrically connected to the bottom surface of the piezoelectric element 140. The electric heating element 122 may be electrified through the upper and lower electrodes 130.
However, when an external pressure is not applied, the piezoelectric element 140 is not electrically connected to the electric heating element 122, and thus, is not electrified. Therefore, the temperature of the electric heating element 122 may be the same as the outside air temperature. The external pressure may be an external stimulus, e.g., snow or rain, etc. or may be a human pressure or may be vibration due to the traveling of the vehicle.
The piezoelectric element 140 is able to convert between mechanical energy and electrical energy, which are applied to the piezoelectric element. The piezoelectric element 140 is transformed by an external physical force, and then the electrical energy is generated. Conversely, the piezoelectric element 140 receives external electrical energy, and then is transformed. The piezoelectric element 140 may have a stack structure in which an external electrode is formed on the surface of a piezoelectric member formed by repeatedly stacking the plurality of piezoelectric layers and internal electrode layers, and a cover layer is formed on and under the piezoelectric member respectively. Pb(ZrTi)O3 (hereafter, referred to as PZT) based oxide may be representatively used as the piezoelectric layer.
The piezoelectric element 140 formed between the electric heating element 122 and the upper and lower electrodes 130 may be, as shown in Fig. 3, formed on the upper and lower electrodes 130 or on the electric heating element 122. As such, so long as no pressure is applied to the electric heating element 122, it is preferable that the piezoelectric element 140 is spaced from the electric heating element 122 or spaced from the upper and lower electrodes 130 so as not to transmit the mechanical energy (pressure) to the piezoelectric element 140, so that a gap "G" is formed between the electric heating element 122 and the upper and lower electrodes 130.
Here, the gap "G"formed between the piezoelectric element 140 and the electric heating element 122 or between the piezoelectric element 140 and upper and lower electrodes 130 may be maintained in a tension state by the elasticity of the spacer 150. So long as a pressure higher than a certain value is not applied to the electric heating element 122, the gap "G"may be formed such that the pressure is not transferred to the piezoelectric element 140. Here, as described above, the thickness of the spacer 150 is larger than the thickness of the piezoelectric element 140, so that the gap "G" is formed to have a value corresponding to the difference between the thickness of the spacer 150 and the thickness of the piezoelectric element 140. The spacer 150 is preferably made of a material having an elastic restoring force. Therefore, when a pressure is applied to the electric heating element 122, the spacer 150 is transformed, and when the pressure applied to the electric heating element 122 is removed, the spacer 150 is restored to its original state, so that the gap "G" is formed.
The electric heating element 122 according to the embodiment of the present invention refers to a heating element which generates heat by allowing current to flow by DC voltage or AC voltage. The electric heating element 122 may be formed by a method of depositing on a substrate (not shown), and the like.
The material of the electric heating element 122 is not particularly limited. For example, the electric heating element 122 may be made of a carbon based material like a carbon nanotube. The carbon based material including the carbon nanotube may include a single wall carbon nanotube (SWCNTT) or a multi wall carbon nanotube.
Also, the electric heating element 122 may include Ag nanowire, Ag paste, and conductive and transparent oxides like indium tin oxide (ITO), zinc oxide (ZnO), and tin oxide (SnO2).
The upper and lower electrodes 130 may be formed on the bottom surface of the electric heating element 122 via the piezoelectric element 140 or the spacer 150. Although it has been described that the upper and lower electrodes 130 are, as shown in Fig. 2, formed on the top and bottom surfaces of the electric heating element 122, there is no limit to this.
Fig. 5 is a view showing a configuration of a planar heating element for a vehicle in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 5, the planar heating element 120 for the vehicle including the electric heating element 122 may be installed in the lower portion of the front window 110 of the vehicle 100. A transparent thermal conductor 170 may be formed in the upper portion of the front window 110 of the vehicle 100.
As described above, it is possible to prevent frost from being formed on the front window of the vehicle 100 only by installing the planar heating element 120 for the vehicle in the lower portion of the front window 110 of the vehicle 100. Therefore, the transparent thermal conductor 170 and the planar heating element 120 are disposed in the upper and lower portions of the front window of the vehicle, so that it is possible to effectively prevent that frost is formed or snow is accumulated on the front window of the vehicle.
Fig. 6 is an exploded perspective view showing that an insulation layer 160 and the transparent thermal conductor 170 have been added to the embodiment shown in Fig. 2.
Referring to Fig. 6, the transparent thermal conductor 170 may be further included on the top surface of the electric heating element 122. Glass,a silicon substrate or a plastic substrate may be used as the transparent thermal conductor 170.
Also, in the formation of the electric heating element 122, a thin film may be formed by depositing a conductive heating material on one side of the transparent thermal conductor 170.
The planar heating element 120 for the vehicle using the piezoelectric element in accordance with the embodiment of the present invention may further include an insulation layer 160 covering the top surface of the transparent thermal conductor.
The insulation layer 160 may perform a function to protect the transparent thermal conductor 170, the electric heating element 122, and the upper and lower electrodes 130 from moisture or impurities.
The insulation layer 160 may include insulating polyvinyl butyral (PVB) resin or silicon carbide (SiC).
The foregoing has described the planar heating element 120 for the vehicle using the piezoelectric element 140 which is capable of eliminating frost by increasing uniformly the temperature of the front window 110 of the vehicle 100. The foregoing has also described the planar heating element which divides the front window 110 of the vehicle 100 into the upper portion and the lower portion, and then the lower portion includes the electric heating element 122. It is also possible to obtain the traveling performance of the vehicle 100 even by installing the planar heating element 120 in the lower portion of the front window 110 of the vehicle 100 and installing the transparent thermal conductor on the upper portion the front window 110 of the vehicle 100.
Hereafter, a method for eliminating frost by using the planar heating element for a vehicle using the piezoelectric element in accordance with the embodiment of the present invention will be described.
First, it is assumed that the planar heating element for a vehicle using the piezoelectric element according to the embodiment of the present invention is mounted on the front window 110 of the vehicle 100.
First, a pressure may be applied from the outside to the top surface of the electric heating element 122 (S110). When a pressure is, as described above, applied to the front window 110 of the vehicle 100 including the electric heating element 122, the spacer 150 is contracted, and thus, the piezoelectric element 140 is able to electrically connect the upper and lower electrodes 130 with the electric heating element 122 (S120).
When the electric heating element 122 is electrically connected as such, the electric heating element 122 may be heated according to Joule heating principle. Here, though not shown, the electric heating element 122 may include a means for measuring the temperature of the electric heating element 122. The means for measuring the temperature of the electric heating element 122 may be the thermocouple. As such, the temperature of the electric heating element 122 can be measured through the thermocouple (not shown) (S130).
When the temperature of the thermocouple is higher than 10℃, the operation of the electric heating element 122 may be stopped (S140).
Through the process mentioned above, the temperature of the front window 110 of the vehicle 100 becomes higher than 0℃. Therefore, even when snow falls or frost is formed on the front window 110 of the vehicle 100, it is possibleto melt the frost and to easily obtain the traveling performance of the vehicle 100 by increasing the temperature of the electric heating element 122.
(Embodiment)
The operation of the planar heating element according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.
First, the planar heating element 120 is manufactured and is installed on the front window 110 of the vehicle 100. In the embodiment, the thermocouple is installed on one side of the front window 110 of the vehicle 100 and the temperature of outside air is measured. When the temperature measured by the thermocouple is lower than -10℃, the planar heating element 120 is operated by applying a pressure to the planar heating element 120. As the pressure is applied to the planar heating element 120, the piezoelectric element 140 or metal installed under the electric heating element 122is pressed, and thus, an electrification phenomenon occurs through the upper and lower electrodes
130. Due to the electrification phenomenon, the temperature of the electric heating element 122 rises.
With the rise of the temperature of the electric heating element 122, the temperature of the thermocouple installed on the front window 110 rises. As the temperature of the thermocouple becomes higher than 0℃, the frost on the front window 110 of the vehicle begins to melt. When the temperature of the thermocouple rises and becomes higher than 10℃, the operation of the planar heating element 120 is stopped.
(Comparison Example)
An experiment is performed under the same condition as that of the embodiment with the exception of the fact that the thermocouple is installed on one side of the electric heating element 122.
Table 1 shows the state of the front window of the vehicle resulting from the embodiment and comparison example.
Table 1
temperature of the thermocouple state of the front window of the vehicle
Embodiment 10℃ frost melted
Comparison Example 10℃ frost not melted
According to the embodiment and comparison example, it can be found that the state of the front window 110 of the vehicle 100 is changed according to the position of the thermocouple.
The present invention has been described with reference to the accompanying drawings. This is just one of various embodiments including the subjectmatter of the present invention and intends to allow those skilled in the art to easily embody the present invention. It is clear that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should be construed by the following claims. Without departing from the subject matter of the present invention, all the technical spirits within the scope equivalent to the subject matter of the present invention is included in the right scope of the present invention by the modifications, substitutions, changes and the like. Also, it is clear that some of the drawing configuration are intended for more clearly describing the configuration and are more exaggerated or shortened than the actual one.
Embodiments of the inventive concept relate to a planar heating element for a window of a vehicle and a method of eliminating frost by using the same, and more particularly to a planar heating element for a vehicle using a piezoelectric element.

Claims (10)

  1. A planar heating element for a vehicle using a piezoelectric element, the planar heating element comprising:
    an electric heating element which emits Joule heat when electrically connected;
    a plurality of piezoelectric elements which are installed on the bottom surface of the electric heating element;
    an elastic spacer which is installed between piezoelectric elements; and
    upper and lower electrodes which are installed on the bottom surfaces of the plurality of piezoelectric elements.
  2. The planar heating element of claim 1, wherein the electric heating element comprises Ag nanowire, Ag paste, indium tin oxide (ITO), zinc oxide (ZnO), tin oxide (SnO2), a carbon nanotube or graphene.
  3. The planar heating element of claim 1, further comprising a transparent thermal conductor on the top surface of the electric heating element.
  4. The planar heating element of claim 3, further comprising an insulation layer on the top surface of the transparent thermal conductor.
  5. The planar heating element of claim 1, wherein the planar heating element for a vehicle is installed in the lower portion of a front window of the vehicle and has a rectangular shape.
  6. The planar heating element of claim 1, wherein the electric heating element contacts with the spacer, forms a gap with the piezoelectric element and contacts and electrically connected to the piezoelectric element by applying a pressure to the electric heating element.
  7. The planar heating element of claim 6, wherein the piezoelectric element comprises Pb(ZrTi)O3(hereafter, referred to as PZT).
  8. The planar heating element of claim 1, wherein the electric heating element further comprises a thermocouple.
  9. A method for eliminating frost by using a planar heating element for a vehicle using a piezoelectric element, the method comprising:
    applying a pressure from the outside to the top surface of an electric heating element (S110);
    contracting a spacer by applying the external pressure and electrically connecting upper and lower electrodes with the electric heating element by the piezoelectric element (S120);
    measuring a temperature of the electric heating element by using a thermocouple (S130); and
    stopping the operation of the electric heating element 122 when the temperature measured by using the thermocouple is higher than 10℃(S140).
  10. The method of claim 9, wherein the electric heating element comprises Ag nanowire, Ag paste, indium tin oxide (ITO), zinc oxide (ZnO), tin oxide (SnO2), a carbon nanotube or graphene.
PCT/KR2015/000586 2015-01-20 2015-01-20 Planar heating element and method of eliminating frost using the same WO2016117717A1 (en)

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