一种自适应有线通信方法和测井方法及装置Adaptive wired communication method and logging method and device
技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及遥传测井技术领域,具体涉及一种自适应有线通信方法和测井方法及装置。The invention relates to the field of remote logging technology, and in particular to an adaptive wired communication method and a logging method and device.
背景技术Background technique
目前在基于有线连接的通信方法中,信号在传输过程中不可避免地存在误码现象,引起该现象的原因包括传输线路因素、设备环境因素等。由于普通通信***的应用环境比较稳定,所以通常是在正常通信之前先对***进行测试,然后根据测试结果调整一系列通信参数,在正常通信过程中保持使用上述通信参数即可有效克服误码带来的问题。At present, in the communication method based on the wired connection, the signal inevitably has a bit error phenomenon in the transmission process, and the cause of the phenomenon includes the transmission line factor and the device environment factor. Since the application environment of the common communication system is relatively stable, it is usually tested before the normal communication, and then a series of communication parameters are adjusted according to the test result, and the use of the above communication parameters can be effectively used in the normal communication process to effectively overcome the error band. The problem that comes.
但是对于某些环境不稳定的应用场景,特别是例如电缆测井、电缆射孔、电缆旋进式取芯等,通信设备所处的环境复杂且需要通过长距离电缆线路进行实时通信的领域来说,由于环境影响,例如井上与井下之间的通信电缆不可见、井下环境温度变化较大、通信电缆随时会被拉伸等情况,将会对数据传输的效率造成很大影响,所以普通的通信方式完全无法满足需求。However, for certain environmentally unstable application scenarios, especially for example, wireline logging, cable perforating, cable-threading, etc., the communication equipment is in a complex environment and requires real-time communication through long-distance cable lines. It is said that due to environmental impacts, such as the invisible communication cable between the well and the downhole, the temperature change in the underground environment is large, and the communication cable will be stretched at any time, it will have a great impact on the efficiency of data transmission, so ordinary The communication method is completely unable to meet the demand.
现有的一些专用的测井***多数是在编码方式或调制方式上做出改进,对于环境不稳定的情况,只能在通信中断后通过重新进行通信训练解决通信中断问题,并且此类***对通信电缆的要求较高,通常只能适用于某一种特定的电缆,例如对比文件US2010/0295702A1公开了一种用于井下电缆通信高速遥传的双向前置均衡***,该***采用OFDM(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing,正交频分复用)调制方式,该调制方式可以对使用网格编码调制和里德所罗门编码的井下电缆的窄宽带、高衰减和多噪声进行补偿,以提高通信***的效率,但是该***并未对通信适应能力提出改进,由此可见,此类***的稳定性较差,不具备动态自适应功能。Some of the existing dedicated logging systems are mostly improved in coding mode or modulation mode. For the unstable environment, communication interruption can only be solved by re-communication training after communication interruption, and such system pairs The requirements for communication cables are high and can only be applied to a particular type of cable. For example, the document US 2010/0295702 A1 discloses a two-way pre-equalization system for high-speed remote transmission of downhole cable communication using OFDM (Orthogonal). Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) modulation scheme that compensates for narrow bandwidth, high attenuation, and multi-noise of downhole cables using trellis coded modulation and Reed Solomon coding to improve the efficiency of the communication system. However, the system does not improve the communication adaptability. It can be seen that such systems have poor stability and do not have dynamic adaptive functions.
发明内容
Summary of the invention
为此,本发明所要解决的技术问题在于提高通信***的稳定性,并且使其具备自适应能力,以适用于多种通信硬件和应用环境。To this end, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to improve the stability of the communication system and to make it adaptable to suit various communication hardware and application environments.
本发明提供一种自适应有线通信方法,包括:S1:第一终端根据通信参数向第二终端发送通信数据和训练数据;S2:第二终端根据所述训练数据对信道通信条件进行评估,并根据评估结果调整发送所述通信数据所采用的通信参数;S3:所述第二终端将调整后的通信参数发送至第一终端以对所述通信参数进行更新。The present invention provides an adaptive wired communication method, including: S1: a first terminal sends communication data and training data to a second terminal according to a communication parameter; S2: the second terminal evaluates channel communication conditions according to the training data, and Adjusting, according to the evaluation result, a communication parameter used to send the communication data; S3: the second terminal sends the adjusted communication parameter to the first terminal to update the communication parameter.
进一步地,所述方法还包括:重复执行所述步骤S1至S3。Further, the method further includes repeatedly performing the steps S1 to S3.
进一步地,在所述步骤S3之前还包括:所述第二终端获取第一终端的时钟频率;所述第二终端按照所述时钟频率发送所述调整后的通信参数。Further, before the step S3, the method further includes: the second terminal acquiring a clock frequency of the first terminal; and the second terminal transmitting the adjusted communication parameter according to the clock frequency.
进一步地,在所述步骤S1之前还包括:所述第二终端进行帧同步校核。Further, before the step S1, the method further includes: the second terminal performs frame synchronization check.
进一步地,所述第一终端使用数字多载波调制方式向所述第二终端发送所述测井数据和所述训练数据;所述第二终端使用相位调制方式向所述第一终端发送所述通信参数。Further, the first terminal sends the logging data and the training data to the second terminal by using a digital multi-carrier modulation method; the second terminal sends the Communication parameters.
进一步地,所述通信参数包括频域均衡参数、比特分配参数、信道编码参数中的至少一个。Further, the communication parameter includes at least one of a frequency domain equalization parameter, a bit allocation parameter, and a channel coding parameter.
进一步地,在所述步骤S2中,当所述通信参数是比特分配参数时,根据评估结果调整发送所述通信数据所采用的通信参数包括:获取信道的信噪比;根据所述信噪比调整分配到音频的比特数,所述信噪比与所述比特数成正比。Further, in the step S2, when the communication parameter is a bit allocation parameter, adjusting, according to the evaluation result, the communication parameter used to transmit the communication data comprises: acquiring a signal to noise ratio of the channel; according to the signal to noise ratio The number of bits allocated to the audio is adjusted, the signal to noise ratio being proportional to the number of bits.
或者在所述步骤S2中,当所述通信参数是信道编码参数时,根据评估结果调整发送所述通信数据所采用的通信参数包括:获取信道带宽和子频带带宽;获取信道数目,所述信道数目是所述信道带宽与所述子频带带宽的比值,并且所述信道数目是2的整数次方。Or in the step S2, when the communication parameter is a channel coding parameter, adjusting communication parameters used for transmitting the communication data according to the evaluation result includes: acquiring a channel bandwidth and a sub-band bandwidth; acquiring a number of channels, the number of channels Is the ratio of the channel bandwidth to the sub-band bandwidth, and the number of channels is an integer power of two.
进一步地,所述第二终端与所述第一终端采用时分复用方式进行通信。Further, the second terminal communicates with the first terminal in a time division multiplexing manner.
本发明还提供一种测井方法,包括:上述自适应有线通信方法发送测井数据,其中所述第一终端是井下端,所述第二终端是井上端。The invention also provides a logging method, comprising: the adaptive wired communication method transmitting logging data, wherein the first terminal is a downhole end, and the second terminal is an uphole end.
相应地,本发明提供一种自适应有线通信***,包括:第一终端和第二终端,其中所述第一终端用于根据通信参数向所述第二终端发送通信数据和训练数据;所述第二终端用于根据所述训练数据对信道通信条件进行评估,并
根据评估结果调整发送所述通信数据所采用的通信参数;并将调整后的通信参数发送至所述第一终端。Accordingly, the present invention provides an adaptive wired communication system, including: a first terminal and a second terminal, wherein the first terminal is configured to send communication data and training data to the second terminal according to a communication parameter; The second terminal is configured to evaluate channel communication conditions according to the training data, and
Adjusting, according to the evaluation result, a communication parameter used to send the communication data; and transmitting the adjusted communication parameter to the first terminal.
与现有技术相比,本发明提供的自适应有线通信方法和测井方法及装置,通过第二终端对第一终端发送的训练数据进行评估,并根据评估结果实时调整通信参数,然后将调整后的通信参数发送给第一终端,使第一终端可以采用实时调整的通信参数发送数据,实现了自适应信道评估功能,增加了通信***的稳定性。Compared with the prior art, the adaptive wired communication method and the logging method and device provided by the present invention evaluate the training data sent by the first terminal by using the second terminal, and adjust the communication parameters in real time according to the evaluation result, and then adjust the The subsequent communication parameters are sent to the first terminal, so that the first terminal can transmit data by using the real-time adjusted communication parameters, and the adaptive channel evaluation function is realized, which increases the stability of the communication system.
附图说明DRAWINGS
为了使本发明的内容更容易被清楚的理解,下面根据本发明的具体实施例并结合附图,对本发明作进一步详细的说明,其中In order to make the content of the present invention easier to understand, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings
图1是本发明第一实施例提供的自适应有线通信方法的流程图;1 is a flowchart of an adaptive wired communication method according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
图2是本发明第三实施例提供的自适应有线通信***的结构示意图。2 is a schematic structural diagram of an adaptive wired communication system according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
本发明提供的自适应有线通信方法适用于有线通信***,尤其是对于通信环境比较复杂的场景,例如通信终端所处的环境温度经常发生较大变化、通信终端之间的线路经常受到拉伸等。The adaptive wired communication method provided by the present invention is applicable to a wired communication system, especially for a scenario where the communication environment is relatively complicated, for example, the ambient temperature of the communication terminal often changes greatly, and the lines between the communication terminals are often stretched. .
本发明第一实施例提供一种自适应有线通信方法,该方法包括:A first embodiment of the present invention provides an adaptive wired communication method, where the method includes:
S1:第一终端根据通信参数向第二终端发送通信数据和训练数据。其中,通信数据是指有实际意义的数据;训练序列是通信两端在进行正常通信之前所共知的序列,用于使第二终端确定信道的冲击响应特性,训练数据的数量可以根据实际需求情况进行设置。S1: The first terminal sends the communication data and the training data to the second terminal according to the communication parameter. The communication data refers to data having practical meaning; the training sequence is a sequence known by the two ends of the communication before normal communication, and is used to enable the second terminal to determine the impact response characteristic of the channel, and the number of training data can be based on actual needs. The situation is set.
S2:第二终端根据所述训练数据对信道通信条件进行评估,并根据评估结果调整发送所述通信数据所采用的通信参数。评估的内容可以包括信道的时域均衡、频域均衡、信噪比以及比特分配等内容,第二终端可以根据训练数据的原始内容与实际接收到的训练数据内容确定通信数据的误差,该误差可以反映出信道的通信条件,然后第二终端可以根据信道的通信条件对通信参数进行动态实时调整,以减小信道条件对通信数据的影响。已知有多种信道
评估方法,本领域技术人员应当理解,现有的信道评估方法都是可行的。S2: The second terminal evaluates channel communication conditions according to the training data, and adjusts communication parameters used to send the communication data according to the evaluation result. The content of the evaluation may include content such as time domain equalization, frequency domain equalization, signal to noise ratio, and bit allocation of the channel, and the second terminal may determine an error of the communication data according to the original content of the training data and the actually received training data content, the error. The communication condition of the channel can be reflected, and then the second terminal can dynamically adjust the communication parameters according to the communication conditions of the channel to reduce the influence of channel conditions on the communication data. Various channels are known
Evaluation methods, those skilled in the art should understand that existing channel estimation methods are feasible.
S3:所述第二终端将调整后的通信参数发送至第一终端以对所述通信参数进行更新。S3: The second terminal sends the adjusted communication parameter to the first terminal to update the communication parameter.
在执行完本方法后,第一终端可以利用调整后的通信参数发送数据,其通信速率会根据信道的特性产生变化变化,如果信道条件变好,通信速率会提高;反之,通信速率会降低,由此则实现了对信道变化的自动适应的目的。After the method is executed, the first terminal may use the adjusted communication parameter to send data, and the communication rate may change according to the characteristics of the channel. If the channel condition becomes better, the communication rate will increase; otherwise, the communication rate will decrease. This achieves the goal of automatic adaptation to channel changes.
在上述步骤S2中,如果评估结果表示当前信道情况已经无法达到预设的最低通信要求,则可以终止正常通信状态,重新开始调试或通信训练,直至训练完成后再次进入正常通信状态。In the above step S2, if the evaluation result indicates that the current channel condition has not reached the preset minimum communication requirement, the normal communication state may be terminated, the debugging or communication training may be restarted, and the normal communication state is entered again after the training is completed.
根据本实施例提供的自适应有线通信方法,在正常通信过程中第二终端对信道通信条件进行评估,并根据评估结果实时调整通信参数,然后将调整后的通信参数发送给第一终端,使第一终端可以采用实时调整的通信参数发送数据,实现了自适应通信的功能。According to the adaptive wired communication method provided by the embodiment, the second terminal evaluates the channel communication condition in the normal communication process, and adjusts the communication parameter in real time according to the evaluation result, and then sends the adjusted communication parameter to the first terminal, so that The first terminal can transmit data by using real-time adjusted communication parameters, and realizes the function of adaptive communication.
进一步地,本实施例所述方法还包括:重复执行所述步骤S1至S3。即本方法可以被循环执行,使第一终端每一次发送通信数据和训练数据时,均采用前一次执行本方法后第二终端发送的调整后的通信参数,本方法可以使第一终端每一次发送数据所采用的通信参数均符合当前的信道通信条件,从而增加了通信***的稳定性。Further, the method in this embodiment further includes: repeatedly performing the steps S1 to S3. That is, the method can be executed cyclically, so that each time the first terminal sends the communication data and the training data, the adjusted communication parameters sent by the second terminal after the previous execution of the method are used, and the method can make the first terminal each time. The communication parameters used to transmit data are consistent with the current channel communication conditions, thereby increasing the stability of the communication system.
为了在有限带宽的通信线路上提高传输数据速度,优选地,所述第一终端可以使用数字多载波调制方式向所述第二终端发送所述测井数据和所述训练数据。其中,所述通信参数包括频域均衡参数、比特分配参数、信道编码参数中的至少一个。In order to increase the transmission data speed on a limited bandwidth communication line, preferably, the first terminal may transmit the log data and the training data to the second terminal using a digital multi-carrier modulation scheme. The communication parameter includes at least one of a frequency domain equalization parameter, a bit allocation parameter, and a channel coding parameter.
更进一步地,在所述步骤S2中,当所述通信参数是比特分配参数时,根据评估结果调整发送所述通信数据所采用的通信参数包括:Further, in the step S2, when the communication parameter is a bit allocation parameter, adjusting the communication parameters used for transmitting the communication data according to the evaluation result includes:
第二终端获取信道的信噪比;The second terminal acquires a signal to noise ratio of the channel;
第二终端根据所述信噪比调整分配到音频的比特数,所述信噪比与所述比特数成正比,即信噪比越高,分配到音频的比特数越多。
The second terminal adjusts the number of bits allocated to the audio according to the signal to noise ratio, and the signal to noise ratio is proportional to the number of bits, that is, the higher the signal to noise ratio, the more bits allocated to the audio.
或者,在所述步骤S2中,当所述通信参数是信道编码参数时,根据评估结果调整发送所述通信数据所采用的通信参数包括:Alternatively, in the step S2, when the communication parameter is a channel coding parameter, adjusting the communication parameters used for transmitting the communication data according to the evaluation result includes:
第二终端获取信道带宽和子频带带宽;The second terminal acquires a channel bandwidth and a sub-band bandwidth;
第二终获取信道数目,所述信道数目是所述信道带宽与所述子频带带宽的比值,并且所述信道数目是2的整数次方。The second terminal acquires the number of channels, the number of channels being a ratio of the channel bandwidth to the sub-band bandwidth, and the number of channels is an integer power of two.
上述实施例中将信道的频带分为多个相邻的子频带,每一个子频带都被指定一个固定频率,所有的固定频率都是子频带带宽的整数倍(范围是1~64倍),其中每一个音频频率都携带一定比特的信息,分配到音频的比特数(2bit~15bit)取决于该音频频带的信噪比。第一终端利用上述优选的调制方式时,数据的传输速率高,并且速率可根据信道的信噪比进行调节,具有较强的抗干扰性能等优点。In the above embodiment, the frequency band of the channel is divided into a plurality of adjacent sub-bands, each of which is assigned a fixed frequency, and all of the fixed frequencies are integer multiples of the sub-band bandwidth (the range is 1 to 64 times). Each of the audio frequencies carries a certain amount of information, and the number of bits allocated to the audio (2 bits to 15 bits) depends on the signal to noise ratio of the audio band. When the first terminal utilizes the above preferred modulation mode, the data transmission rate is high, and the rate can be adjusted according to the signal to noise ratio of the channel, and has strong anti-interference performance and the like.
进一步地,所述第二终端可以使用相位调制方式向所述第一终端发送所述通信参数。相对于第一终端而言,第二终端所要发送的数据较少,并且所处环境较稳定,本实施例中的第二终端使用相位调制方式发送数据,该方式简单可靠并且实时性较高。Further, the second terminal may send the communication parameter to the first terminal by using a phase modulation manner. Compared with the first terminal, the second terminal needs to send less data, and the environment is relatively stable. The second terminal in this embodiment uses phase modulation to transmit data, which is simple and reliable, and has high real-time performance.
为了使通信双方的时钟频率保持一致,进一步地,在所述步骤S3之前还包括:In order to keep the clock frequencies of the two communicating parties consistent, further, before the step S3, the method further includes:
第二终端获取第一终端的时钟频率;The second terminal acquires a clock frequency of the first terminal;
第二终端按照所述时钟频率发送所述调整后的通信参数。The second terminal transmits the adjusted communication parameter according to the clock frequency.
具体地,第二终端通过获取通信数据的相位信息可以确定信息发送端(即第一终端)的时钟频率。因第一终端所处的环境可能比较恶劣,例如高温环境会影响晶振频率使其不断变化,由此会影响在其上运行的数据的速率,所以第二终端在通信过程中实时获取第一终端的时钟频率。然后第二终端生成所述时钟频率,例如可以利用数字频率合成器输出该频率,实现第一终端与第二终端时钟频率的同步,进而提高通信效率。Specifically, the second terminal can determine the clock frequency of the information sending end (ie, the first terminal) by acquiring the phase information of the communication data. Because the environment in which the first terminal is located may be harsh, for example, the high temperature environment may affect the crystal frequency to change continuously, thereby affecting the rate of data running thereon, so the second terminal acquires the first terminal in real time during the communication process. Clock frequency. The second terminal then generates the clock frequency. For example, the digital frequency synthesizer can output the frequency to synchronize the clock frequency of the first terminal and the second terminal, thereby improving communication efficiency.
进一步地,本方法在步骤S1之前上述方法还包括:Further, before the step S1, the method further includes:
S0,第二终端进行帧同步校核。
S0, the second terminal performs frame synchronization check.
具体地,在执行步骤S1之前,即正常通信之前,第一终端与第二终端可以先进行通信训练,本优选方案属于一种优选的通信训练方案,即在通信训练过程中第二终端可以根据第一终端发送的训练数据的内容确定帧定位序列,以保证在正常通信过程中,第二终端可以准确识别每一个实际通信数据的起始位置,并确定帧失步的判据。如果在正常通信过程中通信数据由于误码而产生差错,第二终端可以根据失步判据判断***是否处于失步状态,如果已经失步,则可以立即捕捉定位序列,相应地,第一终端则可以只重发有错误的帧,而不必将全部通信数据重新发送,从而进一步提高通信效率。Specifically, before performing step S1, that is, before normal communication, the first terminal and the second terminal may perform communication training first. The preferred solution belongs to a preferred communication training solution, that is, the second terminal may be based on the communication training process. The content of the training data sent by the first terminal determines a frame positioning sequence to ensure that in the normal communication process, the second terminal can accurately identify the starting position of each actual communication data and determine the criterion of the frame out of synchronization. If the communication data generates an error due to the error in the normal communication process, the second terminal may determine whether the system is in an out-of-synchronization state according to the out-of-synchronization criterion, and if the step has been lost, the positioning sequence may be immediately captured, and accordingly, the first terminal Then, it is possible to retransmit only the erroneous frame without retransmitting all the communication data, thereby further improving the communication efficiency.
进一步地,本实施中所述第二终端与所述第一终端采用时分复用方式进行通信。本实施例所述自适应有线通信方法的工作模式为时分传输模式,即第二终端和第一终端的发射信号开关分别在所分配的时间内打开,具体是指第一终端打开时第二终端关闭,此时第一终端向第二终端发送数据;第二终端打开时第一终端关闭,此时第二终端向第一终端发送数据。由此可以实现两个通信终端利用单一物理通道相互传输数据。Further, in the implementation, the second terminal communicates with the first terminal in a time division multiplexing manner. The working mode of the adaptive wired communication method in this embodiment is a time division transmission mode, that is, the second terminal and the transmission signal switch of the first terminal are respectively opened in the allocated time, which is specifically the second terminal when the first terminal is opened. When the second terminal is turned on, the first terminal is closed, and the second terminal sends data to the first terminal. This makes it possible for two communication terminals to transmit data to each other using a single physical channel.
在测井领域中,由于井下端和通信线路所处的环境比较复杂,并且通信电缆的种类较多,所以本发明第二实施例还提供一种测井方法,该方法利用上述自适应有线通信方法发送测井数据,上述第一终端是井下端,上述第二终端是井上端。In the field of logging, since the environment in which the downhole end and the communication line are located is relatively complicated, and the types of communication cables are many, the second embodiment of the present invention further provides a logging method, which utilizes the above adaptive wired communication. The method sends log data, the first terminal is a downhole end, and the second terminal is an uphole end.
本方法包括三种状态:初始化状态(Initial)、训练状态(Training)、正常状态(Normal),当***启动后,首先进入初始化状态,当接收到开始训练的命令时进入训练状态;如果训练成功则进入正常状态,如果训练失败则回到初始化状态;在正常状态可以进行数据通信,如果经过信道评估发现出现异常无法进行通信,则回到初始化状态。The method includes three states: an initial state, a training state, and a normal state. When the system is started, the initialization state is first entered, and when the command to start training is received, the training state is entered; if the training is successful Then, it enters the normal state, and if the training fails, it returns to the initialization state; in the normal state, data communication can be performed, and if it is found through the channel evaluation that an abnormality cannot be communicated, the initialization state is returned.
其中,训练状态包括:上下行通信建立的过程,通过训练来确定通信参数和上行通信速率。先进行下行通信的训练,也就是相位调制(PSK)模式的训练,这时井上的发送信号开关是打开的,井下的发送信号开关是关闭的,由地面发送固定的训练序列,井下解码接收根据接收的信号来确定解码参数。当下行训练完成后,开始上行数字多载波调制(DMM-Digital Multicarrier
Modulation)训练。这时井上的发送信号开关是关闭的,井下的发送信号开关是打开的,训练的主要内容包括增益训练(AGC Training)、时域均衡训练(TEQ Training)、时钟同步训练(DDS Training)、帧同步训练(Synchronization Training)、频域均衡训练(FEQ Training)、比特分配训练(Bit Loading)、Reed Solomon编码参数计算(RS Parameter Computer),当同步训练完成后,***的工作模式切换到时分传输模式,井上和井下的发射信号开关分别在所分配的时间内打开,井上打开时井下关闭,井上向井下传输信号;井下打开时井上关闭,井下向井上发送信号。通过信息交换(Information Exchange)把部分参数传输到井下。随后,即可进入正常模式开始进行正常数据传输。The training state includes: a process of establishing uplink and downlink communications, and determining communication parameters and uplink communication rates through training. The training of downlink communication is first performed, that is, the training of phase modulation (PSK) mode. At this time, the transmission signal switch of the well is turned on, the transmission signal switch of the well is closed, the fixed training sequence is sent by the ground, and the decoding is received by the underground. The received signal determines the decoding parameters. When the downlink training is completed, start uplink digital multi-carrier modulation (DMM-Digital Multicarrier)
Modulation) training. At this time, the signal switch on the well is turned off, and the down signal switch is turned on. The main contents of the training include AGC Training, TEQ Training, DDS Training, and frame. Synchronization Training, FEQ Training, Bit Loading, Reed Solomon RS Parameter Computer, when the synchronization training is completed, the system's working mode is switched to the time division transmission mode. The emission signal switches of the uphole and downhole are respectively opened in the allocated time. When the well is opened, the well is closed, and the well is transmitted to the well. When the well is opened, the well is closed, and the well sends a signal to the well. Part of the parameters are transmitted downhole through the Information Exchange. Then, you can enter normal mode and start normal data transmission.
正常模式包括:正常进行上下行数据通信(上下编解码由训练模式确定)。工作模式为时分传输模式,井上和井下的发射信号开关分别在所分配的时间内打开,井上打开时井下关闭,井上向井下传输信号;井下打开时井上关闭,井下向井上发送信号。井下上行编码包括,数据交织(Interleave)、Reed Solomon编码(RS Encode)、星座编码(QAM Encode)、快速傅里叶反变换(IFFT)、自动增益(AGC);上行解码包括,自动增益(AGC)、时域均衡(TEQ)、快速傅里叶变换(FFT)、频域均衡(FEQ)、时钟同步(CLK Adjust)、星座解码(QAM Decode)、Reed Solomon解码(RS Decode)、数据解交织(Deinterleave)。在正常模式下,会根据接收信号,进行自适应信道评估(Self-adaption),根据评估结果调整FEQ参数和Bit Loading参数,Bit Loading参数会同时传输到井下编码***。这样能够根据测井电缆信道的变化自动适应,提高***稳定性。如果信道评估无法正常进行通信,则退出正常状态,进入初始化状态。The normal mode includes: normal uplink and downlink data communication (up and down codec is determined by the training mode). The working mode is time-division transmission mode. The emission signal switches of the uphole and downhole are respectively opened in the allocated time. When the well is opened, the well is closed, and the well is transmitted to the well. When the well is opened, the well is closed, and the well sends a signal to the well. Downhole uplink coding includes, interleave, Reed Solomon coding (RS Encode), constellation coding (QAM Encode), inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT), automatic gain (AGC); uplink decoding including, automatic gain (AGC) ), time domain equalization (TEQ), fast Fourier transform (FFT), frequency domain equalization (FEQ), clock synchronization (CLK Adjust), constellation decoding (QAM Decode), Reed Solomon decoding (RS Decode), data deinterleaving (Deinterleave). In the normal mode, adaptive channel estimation (Self-adaption) is performed according to the received signal, and the FEQ parameter and the Bit Loading parameter are adjusted according to the evaluation result, and the Bit Loading parameter is simultaneously transmitted to the downhole coding system. This can automatically adapt to changes in the logging cable channel and improve system stability. If the channel evaluation fails to communicate normally, it exits the normal state and enters the initialization state.
应用本实施例提供的测井方法进行测井时,井上端与井下端之间所用的通信电缆可以是七芯测井电缆、单芯测井电缆、三芯测井电缆等,不同的电缆频率响应、信道带宽、信噪比不同。使用七芯测井电缆时的单通道上行数据率可以超过1000KBPS,下行数据率超过25KBPS;使用单芯测井电缆时的上行数据率超过300KBPS,使用三芯测井电缆时的单通道上行数据率超过800KBPS,具体的数据率取决于电缆的频率响应、信道的信噪比以及信道数目等参数。
When the logging method provided by the embodiment is used for logging, the communication cable used between the upper end of the well and the lower end of the well may be a seven-core logging cable, a single-core logging cable, a three-core logging cable, etc., different cable frequencies. Response, channel bandwidth, and signal-to-noise ratio are different. Single-channel uplink data rate when using seven-core logging cable can exceed 1000KBPS, downlink data rate exceeds 25KBPS; uplink data rate when using single-core logging cable exceeds 300KBPS, single-channel uplink data rate when using three-core logging cable More than 800KBPS, the specific data rate depends on the frequency response of the cable, the signal-to-noise ratio of the channel, and the number of channels.
本方法可以根据不同电缆的物理特性以及通信环境进行自动适应,使测井效率更高,适应范围更广。The method can automatically adapt according to the physical characteristics of different cables and the communication environment, so that the logging efficiency is higher and the adaptation range is wider.
本发明第三实施例提供一种自适应有线通信***,如图2所示该***包括:第一终端和第二终端,其中A third embodiment of the present invention provides an adaptive wired communication system. As shown in FIG. 2, the system includes: a first terminal and a second terminal, where
所述第一终端用于根据通信参数向所述第二终端发送通信数据和训练数据;The first terminal is configured to send communication data and training data to the second terminal according to the communication parameter;
所述第二终端用于根据所述训练数据对信道通信条件进行评估,并根据评估结果调整发送所述通信数据所采用的通信参数;并将调整后的通信参数发送至所述第一终端。The second terminal is configured to evaluate channel communication conditions according to the training data, and adjust a communication parameter used to send the communication data according to the evaluation result; and send the adjusted communication parameter to the first terminal.
根据本实施例提供的自适应有线通信***,在正常通信过程中第二终端对信道通信条件进行评估,并根据评估结果实时调整通信参数,然后将调整后的通信参数发送给第一终端,使第一终端可以采用实时调整的通信参数发送数据,实现了自适应通信的功能。According to the adaptive wired communication system provided by the embodiment, the second terminal evaluates the channel communication condition in the normal communication process, and adjusts the communication parameter in real time according to the evaluation result, and then sends the adjusted communication parameter to the first terminal, so that The first terminal can transmit data by using real-time adjusted communication parameters, and realizes the function of adaptive communication.
显然,上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的举例,而并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说,在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明创造的保护范围之中。
It is apparent that the above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the examples, and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations or modifications of the various forms may be made by those skilled in the art in light of the above description. There is no need and no way to exhaust all of the implementations. Obvious changes or variations resulting therefrom are still within the scope of the invention.