WO2016107250A1 - 转向摇臂组件、转向机构和多轴转向轮式重载车辆 - Google Patents

转向摇臂组件、转向机构和多轴转向轮式重载车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016107250A1
WO2016107250A1 PCT/CN2015/092373 CN2015092373W WO2016107250A1 WO 2016107250 A1 WO2016107250 A1 WO 2016107250A1 CN 2015092373 W CN2015092373 W CN 2015092373W WO 2016107250 A1 WO2016107250 A1 WO 2016107250A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
steering
rocker arm
bearing
sleeve
assembly
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2015/092373
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
单增海
丁宏刚
朱亚夫
王志芳
马云旺
李丽
Original Assignee
徐州重型机械有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 徐州重型机械有限公司 filed Critical 徐州重型机械有限公司
Priority to US15/540,742 priority Critical patent/US10583860B2/en
Priority to BR112017013821-2A priority patent/BR112017013821B1/pt
Priority to EP15874935.8A priority patent/EP3241722B1/en
Priority to RU2017127146A priority patent/RU2659707C1/ru
Publication of WO2016107250A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016107250A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D7/00—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings
    • B62D7/20—Links, e.g. track rods
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D7/00—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings
    • B62D7/06—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D7/00—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings
    • B62D7/06—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins
    • B62D7/14—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins the pivotal axes being situated in more than one plane transverse to the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle, e.g. all-wheel steering
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D7/00—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings
    • B62D7/16—Arrangement of linkage connections
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D7/00—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings
    • B62D7/16—Arrangement of linkage connections
    • B62D7/166—Arrangement of linkage connections substantially perpendicular, e.g. between tie-rod and steering knuckle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D7/00—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings
    • B62D7/18—Steering knuckles; King pins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G11/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs
    • B60G11/26—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having fluid springs only, e.g. hydropneumatic springs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2200/00—Indexing codes relating to suspension types
    • B60G2200/10—Independent suspensions
    • B60G2200/14—Independent suspensions with lateral arms
    • B60G2200/142—Independent suspensions with lateral arms with a single lateral arm, e.g. MacPherson type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2200/00—Indexing codes relating to suspension types
    • B60G2200/40—Indexing codes relating to the wheels in the suspensions
    • B60G2200/44—Indexing codes relating to the wheels in the suspensions steerable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2202/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of spring, damper or actuator
    • B60G2202/30—Spring/Damper and/or actuator Units
    • B60G2202/31—Spring/Damper and/or actuator Units with the spring arranged around the damper, e.g. MacPherson strut
    • B60G2202/314—The spring being a pneumatic spring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
    • B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
    • B60G2206/50—Constructional features of wheel supports or knuckles, e.g. steering knuckles, spindle attachments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G3/00—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel
    • B60G3/18—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel with two or more pivoted arms, e.g. parallelogram
    • B60G3/20—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel with two or more pivoted arms, e.g. parallelogram all arms being rigid

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of construction machinery, in particular to a steering rocker assembly, a steering mechanism and a multi-axle steering wheel heavy-duty vehicle.
  • 1 is an independent suspension device used in a multi-axle steering wheel heavy-duty vehicle.
  • the upper hinge point of the oil and gas suspension cylinder a1 is hingedly fixed to the bracket ball joint on the frame a5, and the lower hinge point is
  • the knuckle a2 is bolted; one end of the lower cross arm a3 is fixed to the lower end surface a22 of the knuckle a2 by a ball joint bolt, and the other end is fixed to the trapezoidal arm a4.
  • the technical problem now faced is whether the steering trapezoidal arm a4 is placed on the upper end face a21 of the steering knuckle or on the lower end face a22 of the steering knuckle. If the steering trapezoidal arm is mounted to the upper end surface a21 of the steering knuckle, H1 is the distance from the center of the upper end surface a21 of the steering knuckle to the lower end surface a6 of the frame, which is limited by the partial cross-sectional structure of the frame a5, if the stroke of the one-side wheel is upward. If the amount is too large, the steering trapezoidal tie rod a4 may interfere with the frame cross section or other components attached to the frame, that is, the arrangement may affect the amount of stroke of the wheel relative to the frame.
  • H2 is the distance from the lower end surface of the steering knuckle to the lower end surface of the frame. Because the H2 height is too high, the transition steering rocker arm design that transmits the force and coordinates the movement of the left and right steering wheels is A problem.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a steering rocker arm used in an independent suspension device in which a conventional steering trapezoidal arm is mounted to a lower end surface of a steering knuckle.
  • the steering rocker arm assembly is coupled to the frame b6 or the bracket b6 welded to the frame via the rotatable pin b5
  • the steering trapezoidal arm b1 is mounted on the lower end surface of the steering knuckle; the steering rod assembly b3 transmits the motion and force from the steering wheel and the steering output to the trapezoidal crossbar b2 through the fan-shaped motion of the steering rocker to drive the trapezoid
  • the fan-shaped motion of the arm b1 overcomes the steering resistance torque from the ground and realizes the steering of the steering wheel.
  • the steering rocker b4 and the pin b5 of FIG. 2 need to improve their resistance to bending and torsional deformation by increasing the moment of inertia of the section.
  • the outer diameters of the steering rocker arm b4 and the pin shaft b5 have to be increased, and the weight is also increased.
  • the bending and torsional strength of the steering rocker b4 and the pin b5 are insufficient, problems such as large bending/torsion deformation, fracture, weld bead welding, etc. may occur; in addition, if a certain section of the pin b5 is bent and deformed Or break, polish the pin left on the frame bracket and re-align the position to repair a new pin, which is very costly and increases the subsequent maintenance costs.
  • the present invention provides a steering rocker arm assembly, including a steering rocker arm body, the first end and the second end of the steering rocker arm body are fixedly coupled with a first rocker arm and a second rocker arm, respectively;
  • first rotary connection portion and a second rotary connection portion a first rotary connection portion and a second rotary connection portion, the first rotary connection portion and the second rotary connection portion being respectively coupled to the first end and the second end of the steering rocker arm body, the steering rocker arm
  • the body is rotatable relative to the first rotational connection and the second rotational connection;
  • the steering rocker arm body can be detachably positioned on the bracket to be mounted through the first rotating connection portion and the second rotating connection portion;
  • the first rotary joint further includes a first sleeve, the second rotary joint
  • the second sleeve is further included;
  • the bracket to be mounted includes a first ear plate and a second ear plate corresponding to the first sleeve and the second sleeve; the first sleeve and the first sleeve respectively For engaging the first and second ear plates to rotatably position the steering rocker body to the bracket to be mounted.
  • first rotary joint includes a first cylinder and a first bearing, an inner ring of the first bearing is sleeved and fixed on the first cylinder; and the second rotary joint includes a second a cylinder and a second bearing; an inner ring of the second bearing is sleeved and fixed on the second cylinder.
  • the steering rocker body is a sleeve, and the sleeve is internally sleeved with a pin having a length greater than the sleeve; the first end of the pin forms the first cylinder, the pin The second end forms the second cylinder; the inner ring of the first bearing is fixedly coupled to the first end of the pin, the outer ring of the first bearing and the first end of the sleeve The inner wall is fixedly coupled; the inner ring of the second bearing is fixedly coupled to the second end of the pin, and the outer ring of the second bearing is fixedly coupled to the inner wall of the second end of the sleeve.
  • first end of the sleeve is formed with a first step structure; the inner wall of the second end of the sleeve is formed with a second step structure; the outer ring of the first bearing is positioned at the first step Structurally; the outer ring of the second bearing is positioned on the second step.
  • first bearing retaining ring and a second bearing retaining ring further comprising a first bearing retaining ring and a second bearing retaining ring, the first bearing retaining ring and the second bearing retaining ring being respectively positionable at the first end and the second end of the sleeve, For enclosing the first bearing and the second bearing within the first end and the second end.
  • first bearing retaining ring has a first boss structure, and when the first bearing retaining ring is positioned at the first end, the first boss structure and the inner ring of the first bearing
  • the second bearing retaining ring has a second boss structure, and when the second bearing retaining ring is positioned at the second end, the second boss structure and the first The inner ring of the two bearings is in contact.
  • first round nut further comprising a first round nut, a first retaining washer and a first sealing gasket, wherein the first round nut can position the first bearing retaining ring on the sleeve by the first retaining washer a first end, the first seal isolating the first bearing from an external environment; further comprising a second round nut, a second stop washer and a second seal, the second round nut being capable of passing the A second stop washer positions the second bearing collar at a second end of the sleeve, the second gasket isolating the second bearing from the external environment.
  • the present invention also provides a steering mechanism including the above-described steering rocker arm assembly.
  • the steering rocker arm assembly is two groups: a first steering rocker arm assembly and a second steering rocker arm assembly; the first steering rocker arm assembly and the second steering rocker arm assembly are rotatably positioned at the waiting Mounting bracket;
  • first oil and gas suspension cylinder and a second oil and gas suspension cylinder, wherein an upper hinge point of the first oil and gas suspension cylinder is hinged with the bracket to be mounted, and a lower hinge point of the first oil and gas suspension cylinder is fixedly connected with the first steering knuckle;
  • An upper hinge point of the second oil and gas suspension cylinder is hinged with the bracket to be mounted, and a lower hinge point of the second oil and gas suspension cylinder is fixedly connected with the second steering knuckle;
  • the first steering knuckle and the second steering knuckle are coupled to the first steering rocker assembly and the second steering rocker assembly, respectively.
  • first knuckle has a first trapezoidal arm
  • second knuckle has a second trapezoidal arm
  • first trapezoidal arm and the lower rocker arm of the first steering rocker assembly pass the first trapezoidal tie rod Connecting
  • the second trapezoidal arm and the lower rocker arm of the second steering rocker arm assembly are connected by a second trapezoidal tie rod
  • the lower rocker arm of the first steering rocker arm assembly and the second steering rocker arm assembly The rocker arms are connected by an intermediate transition rod.
  • the upper rocker arm of the first steering rocker arm assembly and the first steering rod The assembly is connected; the upper rocker arm of the second steering rocker arm assembly is coupled to the second steering rod assembly.
  • the present invention also provides a multi-axle steering wheel heavy-duty vehicle including the above-described steering mechanism.
  • the steering rocker arm assembly of the present invention is detachably positioned on the bracket by providing a rotating connection portion at both ends of the steering rocker arm, and on the one hand, the connection of the steering rocker arm is improved by connecting the two ends to the bracket.
  • Strength on the other hand, avoids the impact on the bracket itself when the joint is damaged, reduces the cost and reduces the subsequent maintenance costs, thereby reducing the cost of using the steering mechanism and the heavy-duty vehicle;
  • the first ear plate and the second ear plate which are matched with the first bushing and the second bushing are arranged on the bracket to be mounted, and the steering rocker arm can be installed on the bracket to be mounted more labor-savingly, compared with the prior art.
  • the structure of the present invention is easier to assemble by welding the rocker arm to the bracket, which is advantageous for improving assembly efficiency and being more robust.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an independent suspension device used in a conventional multi-axle steering wheel heavy-duty vehicle.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a conventional steering arm used in an independent suspension device in which a steering trapezoidal arm is mounted to a lower end surface of a steering knuckle.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of one embodiment of a steering rocker assembly of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the mounting of a specific embodiment of the steering rocker assembly of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic illustration of one embodiment of an ear plate on a bracket to be mounted of the steering rocker assembly of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic illustration of one embodiment of a steering mechanism of the present invention.
  • an embodiment of a steering rocker arm assembly includes a steering rocker arm body 7.
  • the first end and the second end of the steering rocker arm body 7 are respectively fixedly connected.
  • One end and a second end are connected, the steering rocker body 7 is rotatable relative to the first and second rotary joints; the steering rocker body 7 is connectable by the first rotation
  • the second rotating joint is detachably positioned on the bracket 4 to be mounted.
  • connection strength of the steering rocker arm is improved by the way that the two ends are connected to the bracket, and the steering rocker and the pin shaft are prevented from being deformed when the bending/torsion deformation is large.
  • Problems such as breakage and weld bead welding; on the other hand, avoiding the bending or deformation of a certain section of the pin shaft in the conventional rocker arm device, grinding the pin remaining on the frame bracket, re-aligning the position
  • the high cost of repairing a new pin reduces the cost of service maintenance in the later period, avoids the impact on the bracket itself when the joint is damaged, reduces the cost and reduces the subsequent maintenance cost, thus reducing the cost.
  • the cost of using steering mechanisms and heavy-duty vehicles are used to reduce the cost of service maintenance in the later period.
  • the first rotating joint portion includes a first cylindrical body 61 and a first bearing 51, and an inner ring of the first bearing 51 is sleeved and fixed on the first cylindrical body 61;
  • the second rotary joint includes a second cylinder 62 and a second bearing 52; the inner ring of the second bearing 52 is sleeved and fixed on the second cylinder 62, so that a specific rotation is achieved.
  • the way the connection is made is disclosed here.
  • the steering rocker body 7 is a sleeve, and the sleeve is internally sleeved with a pin having a length greater than the sleeve; the first end of the pin forms the first cylinder 61, The second end of the pin forms the second cylinder 62; the inner ring of the first bearing 51 is fixedly connected with the first end of the pin, and the outer ring of the first bearing 51 is An inner wall of the first end of the sleeve is fixedly connected; an inner ring of the second bearing 52 is fixedly connected with a second end of the pin, and an outer ring of the second bearing 52 and a first part of the sleeve The inner wall of the two ends is fixedly connected.
  • the first end of the sleeve is formed with a first stepped structure; the inner wall of the second end of the sleeve is formed with a second stepped structure; the outer ring of the first bearing 51 is positioned at the The first step structure; the outer ring of the second bearing 52 is positioned on the second step.
  • a first bearing retainer 31 and a second bearing retainer 32 are also included for protecting the bearing and extending the service life, and the first bearing retainer 31 and the second bearing retainer 32 can be respectively positioned in the A first end and a second end of the sleeve for enclosing the first bearing 51 and the second bearing 52 within the first end and the second end.
  • the first bearing retaining ring 31 has a first boss structure, and when the first bearing retaining ring 31 is positioned at the first end, the first boss The structure is in interference with the inner ring of the first bearing 51; the second bearing retainer 32 has a second boss structure, and when the second bearing retainer 32 is positioned at the second end, the second The boss structure is in contact with the inner ring of the second bearing 52.
  • the first round nut 11, the first stopping washer 21 and the first sealing pad 41 are further included, and the first round nut 11 can pass the first
  • a stop washer 21 positions the first bearing retainer 31 at a first end of the sleeve, the first seal 41 isolates the first bearing 51 from an external environment; and further includes a second round nut 12.
  • the second gasket 42 isolates the second bearing 52 from the external environment to prevent entry of dust, sewage, and the like.
  • the first rotating connection portion further includes a first bushing 1
  • the second rotating connecting portion further includes a second bushing 1'
  • the first bushing 1 and the second bushing 1' Respectively for mating with the first end and the second end of the pin to rotatably position the sleeve onto the bracket 4 to be mounted.
  • the first sleeve 1 and the second sleeve 1' can be detachably connected to the bracket 4 to be mounted by the bolts 3 and the spacers 2, thereby improving the exchangeability of the steering rocker.
  • the first bushing 1 and the second bushing 1' and the corresponding on the bracket 4 to be mounted are provided.
  • a first ear plate 43 and a second ear plate 44 corresponding to the first sleeve 1 and the second sleeve 1' are disposed at positions.
  • the ear plate shown in Fig. 5 is provided with a groove 5 adapted to the shape of the rotary joint of the steering rocker.
  • the shape of the groove 5 is The arc shape is preferably a circular arc shape.
  • a screw hole 6 for fixing the bolt 3 is provided so that the bolt 3 is fixed to the ear plate through the through hole on the sleeve.
  • a groove 5 is provided on the first ear plate 43 and the second ear plate 44 of the bracket 4 to be mounted, so that when the steering rocker arm is assembled, only a lateral thrust is applied to the steering rocker, and the first ear plate is pushed into the first ear plate. 43 and the recess 5 of the second ear plate 44, and then the first bushing 1 and the second bushing 1' and the spacer 2, the bolt 3 can be used to mount the steering rocker arm to the bracket 4 to be mounted.
  • the structure of the embodiment of the invention is more Easy to assemble, which helps to improve assembly efficiency and is more robust.
  • the invention also discloses a steering mechanism comprising the steering rocker arm assembly described above.
  • the steering mechanism includes two sets of steering rocker arm assemblies, namely a first steering rocker arm assembly and a second steering rocker arm assembly; the first steering rocker arm assembly and the second steering rocker arm assembly are rotatably positioned at The bracket 4 to be mounted;
  • first oil and gas suspension cylinder 141 and a second oil and gas suspension cylinder 142 an upper hinge point of the first oil and gas suspension cylinder 141 is hinged with the bracket to be mounted 4, the first The lower hinge point of the oil and gas suspension cylinder 141 is fixedly connected to the first knuckle 151; the upper hinge point of the second oil and gas suspension cylinder 142 is hinged with the bracket to be mounted 4, and the lower hinge point of the second oil and gas suspension cylinder 142 Fixedly connected to the second steering knuckle 152;
  • the first steering knuckle 151 and the second steering knuckle 152 are coupled to the first steering rocker arm assembly and the second steering rocker arm assembly, respectively.
  • first steering knuckle 151 has a first trapezoidal arm 91
  • second knuckle 152 has a second trapezoidal arm 92
  • the first trapezoidal arm 91 and the lower rocker arm of the first steering rocker arm assembly pass through a trapezoidal tie rod 101 is connected
  • the second trapezoidal arm 92 is coupled to the lower rocker arm of the second steering rocker arm assembly via the second trapezoidal tie rod 102
  • the lower rocker arm of the first steering rocker arm assembly and the first The lower rocker arms of the two steering rocker assemblies are connected by an intermediate transition rod 13.
  • the upper rocker arm of the first steering rocker arm assembly is coupled to the first steering arm assembly 111
  • the upper rocker arm of the second steering rocker arm assembly is coupled to the second steering arm assembly 112.
  • the present invention also discloses a specific embodiment of a multi-axis steering wheel heavy-duty vehicle including the above-described steering mechanism.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Steering-Linkage Mechanisms And Four-Wheel Steering (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Automobile Manufacture Line, Endless Track Vehicle, Trailer (AREA)

Abstract

一种转向摇臂组件，包括转向摇臂主体（7），第一旋转连接部和第二旋转连接部。转向摇臂主体（7）的第一端和第二端分别固定连接有第一摇臂（S1）和第二摇臂（S2）。第一旋转连接部和第二旋转连接部分别与转向摇臂主体（7）的第一端和第二端连接，转向摇臂主体（7）能够相对于第一旋转连接部和第二旋转连接部旋转。转向摇臂主体（7）能够通过第一旋转连接部和第二旋转连接部可拆地定位在待安装支架（4）上。该转向摇臂组件提高了转向摇臂的连接强度，避免了当连接部损坏时，对支架本身造成影响，降低了耗费成本和后续的维护成本。还提供了一种转向机构和多轴转向轮式重载车辆。

Description

转向摇臂组件、转向机构和多轴转向轮式重载车辆 技术领域
本发明涉及工程机械领域，特别是一种转向摇臂组件、转向机构和多轴转向轮式重载车辆。
背景技术
随着对车辆行驶平顺性、越野性能要求的提高，独立悬架技术在对越野性能要求较高的多轴轮式重载车辆上逐渐被应用。图1是现有的一种多轴转向轮式重载车辆使用的一种独立悬架装置，油气悬架油缸a1的上铰点与车架a5上的支架球铰铰接固定，下铰点与转向节a2螺栓固定；下横臂a3的一端与转向节a2的下端面a22球铰联接螺栓固定，另一端与梯形臂a4固定。
对于图1所示的独立悬架装置，现在面临的技术问题是：转向梯形臂a4是放置在转向节的上端面a21还是放置在转向节的下端面a22。假如将转向梯形臂安装到转向节的上端面a21上，H1是转向节上端面a21中心到车架下端面a6的距离，受车架a5局部截面结构的限制，如果单侧车轮向上跳动的行程量过大，转向梯形横拉杆a4有可能与车架截面或者其他附着在车架上的零部件干涉，即这种布置方式会影响到车轮相对车架向上跳动的行程量。
如果将转向梯形臂安装到转向节的下端面a22上，H2为转向节下端面到车架下端面的距离，因H2高度太高，传递力、协调左右转向轮运动的过渡转向摇臂设计是一个难题。
图2所示的为现有的一种转向梯形臂安装到转向节的下端面上的独立悬挂装置中所使用的转向摇臂的示意图。该转向摇臂总成通过可旋转销轴b5与车架b6或者焊接在车架上的支架b6联 接紧固；转向梯形臂b1安装在转向节的下端面上；转向拉杆总成b3将来自方向盘、转向器输出的运动和力通过转向摇臂的扇形运动传递到梯形横拉杆b2上，带动梯形臂b1的扇形运动，克服来自地面的转向阻力矩，实现转向轮的转向。为了提高整个转向机构包括转向摇臂装置工作的稳定性，对于图2中的转向摇臂b4、销轴b5需要通过提高其截面惯性矩来提高其抵抗弯曲、扭转变形的能力。这样，转向摇臂b4、销轴b5的外径不得不加大，重量也随之上升。如果转向摇臂b4、销轴b5的抗弯、抗扭强度不足，就会出现弯曲/扭转变形量大、断裂、焊道开焊等问题；另外，如果销轴b5的某一截面出现弯曲变形或者断裂，打磨干净残留在车架支架上的销轴以及重新找准位置补焊一个新的销轴，非常耗费成本，提高了后续的维护成本。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种转向摇臂组件、转向机构和多轴转向轮式重载车辆，以提高转向摇臂的承载能力、降低维修和维护成本，提高转向机构和多轴转向轮式重载车辆的工作稳定性。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种转向摇臂组件，包括转向摇臂主体，所述转向摇臂主体的第一端和第二端分别固定连接有第一摇臂和第二摇臂；
第一旋转连接部和第二旋转连接部，所述第一旋转连接部和所述第二旋转连接部分别与所述转向摇臂主体的第一端和第二端连接，所述转向摇臂主体能相对于所述第一旋转连接部和所述第二旋转连接部旋转；
所述转向摇臂主体能够通过所述第一旋转连接部和所述第二旋转连接部可拆地定位在待安装支架上；
所述第一旋转连接部还包括第一轴套，所述第二旋转连接部 还包括第二轴套；所述待安装支架上包括相应于所述第一轴套和第二轴套的第一耳板和第二耳板；所述第一轴套和第一轴套分别用于与所述第一耳板和第二耳板配合，以将所述转向摇臂主体可旋转地定位至所述待安装支架上。
进一步地，所述第一旋转连接部包括第一圆柱体和第一轴承，所述第一轴承的内圈套接并固定在所述第一圆柱体上；所述第二旋转连接部包括第二圆柱体和第二轴承；所述第二轴承的内圈套接并固定在所述第二圆柱体上。
进一步地，所述转向摇臂主体为套筒，所述套筒内部套接有长度大于该套筒的销轴；所述销轴的第一端形成所述第一圆柱体，所述销轴的第二端形成所述第二圆柱体；所述第一轴承的内圈与所述销轴的第一端固定连接，所述第一轴承的外圈与所述套筒的第一端的内壁固定连接；所述第二轴承的内圈与所述销轴的第二端固定连接，所述第二轴承的外圈与所述套筒的第二端的内壁固定连接。
进一步地，所述套筒的第一端形成有第一台阶结构；所述套筒的第二端的内壁上形成有第二台阶结构；所述第一轴承的外圈定位在所述第一台阶结构上；所述第二轴承的外圈定位在所述第二台阶上。
进一步地，还包括第一轴承挡圈和第二轴承挡圈，所述第一轴承挡圈和所述第二轴承挡圈能分别定位在所述套筒的第一端和第二端，以用于将所述第一轴承和第二轴承封闭于所述第一端和所述第二端内。
进一步地，所述第一轴承挡圈具有第一凸台结构，当所述第一轴承挡圈定位在所述第一端时，所述第一凸台结构与所述第一轴承的内圈抵触；所述第二轴承挡圈具有第二凸台结构，当所述第二轴承挡圈定位在所述第二端时，所述第二凸台结构与所述第 二轴承的内圈抵触。
进一步地，还包括第一圆螺母、第一止动垫圈和第一密封垫，所述第一圆螺母能通过所述第一止动垫圈将所述第一轴承挡圈定位在所述套筒的第一端，所述第一密封垫将所述第一轴承与外部环境隔离；还包括第二圆螺母、第二止动垫圈和第二密封垫，所述第二圆螺母能通过所述第二止动垫圈将所述第二轴承挡圈定位在所述套筒的第二端，所述第二密封垫将所述第二轴承与外部环境隔离。
为实现上述目的，本发明还提供了一种转向机构，包括上述的转向摇臂组件。
进一步地，所述转向摇臂组件为两组：第一转向摇臂组件和第二转向摇臂组件；所述第一转向摇臂组件和第二转向摇臂组件可旋转地定位在所述待安装支架上；
第一油气悬挂油缸和第二油气悬挂油缸，所述第一油气悬挂油缸的上铰点与所述待安装支架铰接，所述第一油气悬挂油缸的下铰点与第一转向节固定连接；所述第二油气悬挂油缸的上铰点与所述待安装支架铰接，所述第二油气悬挂油缸的下铰点与第二转向节固定连接；
所述第一转向节和所述第二转向节分别与所述第一转向摇臂组件和第二转向摇臂组件连接。
进一步地，所述第一转向节具有第一梯形臂，所述第二转向节具有第二梯形臂；所述第一梯形臂与第一转向摇臂组件的下摇臂通过第一梯形横拉杆连接；所述第二梯形臂与第二转向摇臂组件的下摇臂通过第二梯形横拉杆连接；所述第一转向摇臂组件的下摇臂与所述第二转向摇臂组件的下摇臂之间通过中间过渡拉杆连接。
进一步地，所述第一转向摇臂组件的上摇臂与第一转向拉杆 总成连接；所述第二转向摇臂组件的上摇臂与第二转向拉杆总成连接。
为实现上述目的，本发明还提供了一种多轴转向轮式重载车辆，包括上述的转向机构。
本发明的转向摇臂组件，通过在转向摇臂两端设置旋转连接部，以可拆的方式定位在支架上，一方面通过这种两端连接在支架上的方式提高了转向摇臂的连接强度，另一方面，避免了当连接部损坏时，对支架本身造成影响，降低了耗费成本，降低了后续的维护成本，从而也降低了转向机构和重载车辆的使用成本；此外，通过在待安装支架上设置与第一轴套和第二轴套相互配合的第一耳板和第二耳板，能够较为省力地将转向摇臂安装到待安装支架上，相比于现有技术中将转向摇臂焊接在支架上的方式，本发明的结构更加容易装配，有利于提高装配效率，且更加牢固。
附图说明
图1是现有的一种多轴转向轮式重载车辆使用的一种独立悬架装置的示意图。
图2是现有的一种转向梯形臂安装到转向节的下端面上的独立悬挂装置中所使用的转向摇臂的示意图。
图3为本发明的转向摇臂组件的一个具体实施例的示意图。
图4为本发明的转向摇臂组件的一个具体实施例的安装示意图。
图5为本发明的转向摇臂组件的待安装支架上的耳板的一个具体实施例的示意图。
图6为本发明的转向机构的一个具体实施例的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面通过附图和实施例，对本发明的技术方案做进一步的详细描述。
如图3和图4所示为本发明的一种转向摇臂组件的一个实施例，其包括转向摇臂主体7，所述转向摇臂主体7的第一端和第二端分别固定连接有第一摇臂S1和第二摇臂S2；第一旋转连接部和第二旋转连接部，所述第一旋转连接部和所述第二旋转连接部分别与所述转向摇臂主体7的第一端和第二端连接，所述转向摇臂主体7能相对于所述第一旋转连接部和所述第二旋转连接部旋转；所述转向摇臂主体7能够通过所述第一旋转连接部和所述第二旋转连接部可拆地定位在待安装支架4上。通过这种两点可拆连接的方式，一方面通过这种两端连接在支架上的方式提高了转向摇臂的连接强度，避免了转向摇臂和销轴在弯曲/扭转变形量大时的断裂、焊道开焊等问题；另一方面，避免了传统的摇臂装置中如果销轴的某一截面出现弯曲变形或者断裂，打磨干净残留在车架支架上的销轴、重新找准位置补焊一个新的销轴的高成本问题，降低了后期的服务维修成本，避免了当连接部损坏时，对支架本身造成影响，降低了耗费成本，降低了后续的维护成本，从而也降低了转向机构和重载车辆的使用成本。
具体地，如图3所示，所述第一旋转连接部包括第一圆柱体61和第一轴承51，所述第一轴承51的内圈套接并固定在所述第一圆柱体61上；所述第二旋转连接部包括第二圆柱体62和第二轴承52；所述第二轴承52的内圈套接并固定在所述第二圆柱体62上，因此，一种具体的实现旋转地连接的方式在此被公开。
具体地，所述转向摇臂主体7为套筒，所述套筒内部套接有长度大于该套筒的销轴；所述销轴的第一端形成所述第一圆柱体61，所述销轴的第二端形成所述第二圆柱体62；所述第一轴承51的内圈与所述销轴的第一端固定连接，所述第一轴承51的外圈与 所述套筒的第一端的内壁固定连接；所述第二轴承52的内圈与所述销轴的第二端固定连接，所述第二轴承52的外圈与所述套筒的第二端的内壁固定连接。
为了便于安置轴承，所述套筒的第一端形成有第一台阶结构；所述套筒的第二端的内壁上形成有第二台阶结构；所述第一轴承51的外圈定位在所述第一台阶结构上；所述第二轴承52的外圈定位在所述第二台阶上。
出于保护轴承和延长使用寿命的需要，还包括第一轴承挡圈31和第二轴承挡圈32，所述第一轴承挡圈31和所述第二轴承挡圈32能分别定位在所述套筒的第一端和第二端，以用于将所述第一轴承51和第二轴承52封闭于所述第一端和所述第二端内。
为了避免挡圈对轴承的转动产生影响，所述第一轴承挡圈31具有第一凸台结构，当所述第一轴承挡圈31定位在所述第一端时，所述第一凸台结构与所述第一轴承51的内圈抵触；所述第二轴承挡圈32具有第二凸台结构，当所述第二轴承挡圈32定位在所述第二端时，所述第二凸台结构与所述第二轴承52的内圈抵触。
下面介绍一下转向摇臂的两端的固定密封结构，本实施例中还包括第一圆螺母11、第一止动垫圈21和第一密封垫41，所述第一圆螺母11能通过所述第一止动垫圈21将所述第一轴承挡圈31定位在所述套筒的第一端，所述第一密封垫41将所述第一轴承51与外部环境隔离；还包括第二圆螺母12、第二止动垫圈22和第二密封垫42，所述第二圆螺母12能通过所述第二止动垫圈22将所述第二轴承挡圈32定位在所述套筒的第二端，所述第二密封垫42将所述第二轴承52与外部环境隔离，防止灰尘、污水等进入。
如图4、5所示，为了将该转向摇臂可拆地旋转连接在待安 装支架4上，所述第一旋转连接部还包括第一轴套1，所述第二旋转连接部还包括第二轴套1’，所述第一轴套1和第二轴套1’分别用于与所述销轴的第一端和第二端配合，以将所述套筒可旋转地定位至所述待安装支架4上。由图可知，可通过螺栓3及垫片2将第一轴套1和第二轴套1’以可拆地方式连接在待安装支架4上，提高了转向摇臂的可更换性。
如图4和5所示，为了配合转向摇臂的第一旋转连接部和第二旋转连接部的形状，设置了第一轴套1和第二轴套1’以及待安装支架4上的相应位置上设置有对应于第一轴套1和第二轴套1’的第一耳板43和第二耳板44。图5所示的耳板上设置了与所述转向摇臂的旋转连接部形状相适应的凹槽5，在一个由销轴构成的旋转连接部的实施例中，该凹槽5的形状为弧形，优选为圆弧形。另外，还设置了便于螺栓3固定的螺孔6，以便于螺栓3穿过轴套上的通孔固定至耳板上。在待安装支架4的第一耳板43和第二耳板44上设置凹槽5，可以使得转向摇臂在装配时，仅对转向摇臂稍稍施加横向推力，将其推入第一耳板43和第二耳板44的凹槽5内，然后再利用第一轴套1和第二轴套1’以及垫片2、螺栓3即可将转向摇臂安装到待安装支架4后。相比于现有技术中将转向摇臂焊接在支架上的方式，或者先将转向摇臂***支架上的两个安装孔，然后再用螺栓进行紧固的方式，本发明实施例的结构更加容易装配，有利于提高装配效率，且更加牢固。
本发明也公开一种转向机构，其包括上述的转向摇臂组件。
具体来说，转向机构包括了两组转向摇臂组件，即第一转向摇臂组件和第二转向摇臂组件；所述第一转向摇臂组件和第二转向摇臂组件可旋转地定位在所述待安装支架4上；
第一油气悬挂油缸141和第二油气悬挂油缸142，所述第一油气悬挂油缸141的上铰点与所述待安装支架4铰接，所述第一 油气悬挂油缸141的下铰点与第一转向节151固定连接；所述第二油气悬挂油缸142的上铰点与所述待安装支架4铰接，所述第二油气悬挂油缸142的下铰点与第二转向节152固定连接；
所述第一转向节151和所述第二转向节152分别与所述第一转向摇臂组件和第二转向摇臂组件连接。
另外，所述第一转向节151具有第一梯形臂91，所述第二转向节152具有第二梯形臂92；所述第一梯形臂91与第一转向摇臂组件的下摇臂通过第一梯形横拉杆101连接；所述第二梯形臂92与第二转向摇臂组件的下摇臂通过第二梯形横拉杆102连接；所述第一转向摇臂组件的下摇臂与所述第二转向摇臂组件的下摇臂之间通过中间过渡拉杆13连接。所述第一转向摇臂组件的上摇臂与第一转向拉杆总成111连接；所述第二转向摇臂组件的上摇臂与第二转向拉杆总成112连接。
本发明还公开了一种多轴转向轮式重载车辆的具体实施例，其包括上述的转向机构。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种转向摇臂组件，其特征在于，包括转向摇臂主体(7)，所述转向摇臂主体(7)的第一端和第二端分别固定连接有第一摇臂(S1)和第二摇臂(S2)；
    第一旋转连接部和第二旋转连接部，所述第一旋转连接部和所述第二旋转连接部分别与所述转向摇臂主体(7)的第一端和第二端连接，所述转向摇臂主体(7)能相对于所述第一旋转连接部和所述第二旋转连接部旋转；
    所述转向摇臂主体(7)能够通过所述第一旋转连接部和所述第二旋转连接部可拆地定位在待安装支架(4)上；
    所述第一旋转连接部还包括第一轴套(1)，所述第二旋转连接部还包括第二轴套(1’)；所述待安装支架(4)包括分别与所述第一轴套(1)和第二轴套(1’)对应的第一耳板(43)和第二耳板(44)；所述第一轴套(1)和第二轴套(1’)分别用于与所述第一耳板(43)和第二耳板(44)配合，以将所述转向摇臂主体(7)可旋转地定位至所述待安装支架(4)上。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的转向摇臂组件，其特征在于，所述第一旋转连接部包括第一圆柱体(61)和第一轴承(51)，所述第一轴承(51)的内圈套接并固定在所述第一圆柱体(61)上；所述第二旋转连接部包括第二圆柱体(62)和第二轴承(52)；所述第二轴承(52)的内圈套接并固定在所述第二圆柱体(62)上。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的转向摇臂组件，其特征在于，所述转向摇臂主体(7)为套筒，所述套筒内部套接有长度大于该套筒的销轴；所述销轴的第一端形成所述第一圆柱体(61)，所述销轴的第二端形成所述第二圆柱体(62)；所述第一轴承(51)的内圈与所述销轴的第一端固定连接，所述第一轴承(51)的外 圈与所述套筒的第一端的内壁固定连接；所述第二轴承(52)的内圈与所述销轴的第二端固定连接，所述第二轴承(52)的外圈与所述套筒的第二端的内壁固定连接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的转向摇臂组件，其特征在于，所述套筒的第一端形成有第一台阶结构；所述套筒的第二端的内壁上形成有第二台阶结构；所述第一轴承(51)的外圈定位在所述第一台阶结构上；所述第二轴承(52)的外圈定位在所述第二台阶上。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的转向摇臂组件，其特征在于，还包括第一轴承挡圈(31)和第二轴承挡圈(32)，所述第一轴承挡圈(31)和所述第二轴承挡圈(32)能分别定位在所述套筒的第一端和第二端，以用于将所述第一轴承(51)和第二轴承(52)封闭于所述第一端和所述第二端内。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的转向摇臂组件，其特征在于，所述第一轴承挡圈(31)具有第一凸台结构，当所述第一轴承挡圈(31)定位在所述第一端时，所述第一凸台结构与所述第一轴承(51)的内圈抵触；所述第二轴承挡圈(32)具有第二凸台结构，当所述第二轴承挡圈(32)定位在所述第二端时，所述第二凸台结构与所述第二轴承(52)的内圈抵触。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的转向摇臂组件，其特征在于，还包括第一圆螺母(11)、第一止动垫圈(21)和第一密封垫(41)，所述第一圆螺母(11)能通过所述第一止动垫圈(21)将所述第一轴承挡圈(31)定位在所述套筒的第一端，所述第一密封垫(41)将所述第一轴承(51)与外部环境隔离；还包括第二圆螺母(12)、第二止动垫圈(22)和第二密封垫(42)，所述第二圆螺母(12)能通过所述第二止动垫圈(22)将所述第二轴承挡圈(32)定位在所述套筒的第二端，所述第二密封垫(42)将所述第二轴承(52)与外部环境隔离。
  8. 一种转向机构，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1～7任一项所述的转向摇臂组件。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的转向机构，其特征在于，所述转向摇臂组件为两组：第一转向摇臂组件和第二转向摇臂组件；所述第一转向摇臂组件和第二转向摇臂组件可旋转地定位在所述待安装支架(4)上；
    第一油气悬挂油缸(141)和第二油气悬挂油缸(142)，所述第一油气悬挂油缸(141)的上铰点与所述待安装支架(4)铰接，所述第一油气悬挂油缸(141)的下铰点与第一转向节(151)固定连接；所述第二油气悬挂油缸(142)的上铰点与所述待安装支架(4)铰接，所述第二油气悬挂油缸(142)的下铰点与第二转向节(152)固定连接；
    所述第一转向节(151)和所述第二转向节(152)分别与所述第一转向摇臂组件和第二转向摇臂组件连接。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的转向机构，其特征在于，包括：
    所述第一转向节(151)具有第一梯形臂(91)，所述第二转向节(152)具有第二梯形臂(92)；所述第一梯形臂(91)与第一转向摇臂组件的下摇臂通过第一梯形横拉杆(101)连接；所述第二梯形臂(92)与第二转向摇臂组件的下摇臂通过第二梯形横拉杆(102)连接；所述第一转向摇臂组件的下摇臂与所述第二转向摇臂组件的下摇臂之间通过中间过渡拉杆(13)连接。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的转向机构，其特征在于，所述第一转向摇臂组件的上摇臂与第一转向拉杆总成(111)连接；所述第二转向摇臂组件的上摇臂与第二转向拉杆总成(112)连接。
  12. 一种多轴转向轮式重载车辆，其特征在于，包括如权利要求8～11任一项所述的转向机构。
PCT/CN2015/092373 2014-12-30 2015-10-21 转向摇臂组件、转向机构和多轴转向轮式重载车辆 WO2016107250A1 (zh)

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