WO2016101682A1

WO2016101682A1 - Method and communication device for processing signal

Info

Publication number: WO2016101682A1
Application number: PCT/CN2015/091877
Authority: WO
Inventors: 钟其文
Original assignee: 华为技术有限公司
Priority date: 2014-12-22
Filing date: 2015-10-13
Publication date: 2016-06-30
Also published as: CN111130684A; CN105790883A; CN105790883B

Abstract

Provided in an embodiment of the present invention are a signal transmission method, device and system, the method comprising: carrying an Ethernet frame starting character and an Ethernet frame ending character on a TDM data stream to enable a TDM signal to transmit via an Ethernet physical layer interface, thereby sharing resource and technology, and facilitating formation of a scale effect, reducing cost and acquiring a good economic benefit. Besides, the corresponding Ethernet frame starting character and the Ethernet frame ending character can be directly used for framing, without needing to obtain an original TDM data stream before framing according to expenses of an FAS on the original TDM data stream, improving a processing efficiency when the TDM data stream transmit via the Ethernet physical layer interface, reducing a corresponding processing delay and saving a system resource.

Description

一种处理信号的方法及通信设备Method for processing signal and communication device

技术领域Technical field

本发明涉及通信技术领域，具体涉及一种处理信号的方法及通信设备。The present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a method and a communication device for processing signals.

背景技术Background technique

以太网(Ethernet)是当前应用最普遍的局域网技术。IEEE制定的IEEE 802.3标准给出了以太网的技术标准，它规定了包括物理层的连线、电信号和介质访问层协议的内容，IEEE 802.3的内容被结合于本申请中。Ethernet (Ethernet) is the most common LAN technology in current applications. The IEEE 802.3 standard developed by the IEEE gives the technical standard for Ethernet, which specifies the contents of the wiring, electrical signals, and medium access layer protocols including the physical layer. The contents of IEEE 802.3 are incorporated in the present application.

时分复用(Time-Division Multiplexing，TDM)是一种数字的或者模拟(较罕见)的多路复用技术。这种技术中，两个以上的信号或数据流可以同时在一条通信线路上传输，其表现为同一通信信道的子信道。但在物理上来看，信号还是轮流占用物理信道的。时间域被分成周期循环的一些小段，每段时间长度是固定的，每个时段用来传输一个子信道。OTN和SDH/SONET是目前比较典型的TDM线路信号,前者具有固定长度帧结构,后者具有固定时间周期帧结构.都具有固定的帧定位已知的既定序列.鉴于描述的方便，本文主要以OTN帧数据流展开叙述。Time-Division Multiplexing (TDM) is a digital or analog (rare) multiplexing technique. In this technique, more than two signals or data streams can be transmitted simultaneously on a single communication line, which behaves as subchannels of the same communication channel. But physically, the signal still takes up the physical channel. The time domain is divided into small segments of the periodic cycle, each of which is fixed in length, and each time period is used to transmit one subchannel. OTN and SDH/SONET are typical TDM line signals. The former has a fixed-length frame structure and the latter has a fixed time-period frame structure. Both have fixed frame positioning known to be known. In view of the convenience of description, this paper mainly The OTN frame data stream is expanded.

随着各种通信技术的不断融合，不同通信的技术的兼容和硬件设施的共享成为亟待解决的问题。With the continuous integration of various communication technologies, the compatibility of different communication technologies and the sharing of hardware facilities have become an urgent problem to be solved.

发明内容Summary of the invention

有鉴于此，本发明实施例提供一种处理信号的方法及通信设备。In view of this, the embodiments of the present invention provide a method for processing a signal and a communication device.

在发送方向，该方法包括：将TDM数据流发送给物理编码子层PCS，所述TDM数据流的第一预定位置承载了以太网帧开始字符，所述TDM数据流的第二预定位置承载了以太网帧结束字符；对所述 TDM数据流进行64B/66B编码；发送所述64B/66B编码所获得的64B/66B码块。In the sending direction, the method includes: transmitting a TDM data stream to a physical coding sublayer PCS, where a first predetermined location of the TDM data stream carries an Ethernet frame start character, and a second predetermined location of the TDM data stream carries Ethernet frame end character; for the The TDM data stream is 64B/66B encoded; the 64B/66B code block obtained by the 64B/66B encoding is transmitted.

在接收方向，该方法包括：接收64B/66B码块；对所述64B/66B码块进行解码得到时分复用TDM数据流，所述TDM数据流的第一预定位置承载了以太网帧开始字符，所述TDM数据流的第二预定位置承载了以太网帧结束字符；将解码获得的TDM数据流发送给调和子层RS；根据TDM数据流中的以太网开始字符和以太网结束字符确定TDM帧。In the receiving direction, the method includes: receiving a 64B/66B code block; decoding the 64B/66B code block to obtain a time division multiplexed TDM data stream, where the first predetermined position of the TDM data stream carries an Ethernet frame start character The second predetermined location of the TDM data stream carries an Ethernet frame end character; the decoded TDM data stream is sent to the harmonic sublayer RS; and the TDM is determined according to the Ethernet start character and the Ethernet end character in the TDM data stream. frame.

在发送方向，本发明实施例提供以下通信设备，包括：处理单元，用于对TDM原始数据流进行处理，所述处理所获得的TDM数据流的第一预定位置承载了以太网帧开始字符，所述TDM数据流的第二预定位置承载了以太网帧结束字符；对所述TDM数据流进行64B/66B编码；发送单元，用于发送所述64B/66B编码所获得的64B/66B码块。In the sending direction, the embodiment of the present invention provides the following communications device, including: a processing unit, configured to process a TDM original data stream, where the first predetermined location of the TDM data stream obtained by the processing carries an Ethernet frame start character, The second predetermined location of the TDM data stream carries an Ethernet frame end character; 64B/66B encoding the TDM data stream; and a sending unit, configured to send the 64B/66B code block obtained by the 64B/66B encoding .

在接收方向，本发明实施例提供以下通信设备，包括：接收单元，用于接收64B/66B码块；处理单元，用于对所述64B/66B码块进行解码得到时分复用TDM数据流，所述TDM数据流的第一预定位置承载了以太网帧开始字符，所述TDM数据流的第二预定位置承载了以太网帧结束字符；根据所述TDM数据流中的以太网开始字符和以太网结束字符确定TDM帧。In the receiving direction, the embodiment of the present invention provides the following communications device, including: a receiving unit, configured to receive a 64B/66B code block; and a processing unit, configured to decode the 64B/66B code block to obtain a time division multiplexed TDM data stream, The first predetermined location of the TDM data stream carries an Ethernet frame start character, and the second predetermined location of the TDM data stream carries an Ethernet frame end character; according to the Ethernet start character and the Ethernet in the TDM data stream The net end character determines the TDM frame.

本发明实施例所介绍的通信方法及设备，通过在TDM数据流中携带以太网帧开始字符和以太网帧结束字符，使得OTN信号可以通过以太网物理层接口进行传输，实现了资源和技术的共享，有利于形成规模效应，降低成本，获得良好的经济效益。同时，因为相应的以太网帧开始字符和以太网帧结束字符在TDM数据流中的位置相对固定，故RS层在接收到TDM数据流后可以直接根据以太网帧开始字符和以太网帧结束字符进行TDM帧定帧处理，而无需先获取原始TDM数据流再根据原始TDM数据流中的FAS等开销进行定帧处理，提升了TDM数据流处理效率，减低了相应的处理时延，节省了***资源。 The communication method and device introduced in the embodiments of the present invention carry the Ethernet frame start character and the Ethernet frame end character in the TDM data stream, so that the OTN signal can be transmitted through the Ethernet physical layer interface, realizing resources and technologies. Sharing will help to form economies of scale, reduce costs, and achieve good economic returns. At the same time, because the corresponding Ethernet frame start character and the Ethernet frame end character are relatively fixed in the TDM data stream, the RS layer can directly start the character according to the Ethernet frame and the end of the Ethernet frame after receiving the TDM data stream. The TDM frame framing process is performed without first acquiring the original TDM data stream and then performing framing processing according to the FAS and the like in the original TDM data stream, thereby improving the processing efficiency of the TDM data stream, reducing the corresponding processing delay, and saving the system. Resources.

附图说明DRAWINGS

为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图做一简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领保护域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, a brief description of the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description It is a certain embodiment of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings according to the drawings without any inventive labor.

图1为以太网中传输数据的数据结构；Figure 1 shows the data structure of the data transmitted in the Ethernet;

图2为以太网络接口的层参考模型；Figure 2 is a layer reference model of an Ethernet interface;

图3为以太网中MII发送数据的方法示意图；3 is a schematic diagram of a method for transmitting data by MII in an Ethernet;

图4为64B/66B编码数据流与码块对应关系图；4 is a correspondence diagram of a 64B/66B encoded data stream and a code block;

图5为OTN帧结构示意图；5 is a schematic structural diagram of an OTN frame;

图6为高速OTN帧OTNCn帧结构示意图；6 is a schematic structural diagram of a high speed OTN frame OTNCn frame;

图7为本发明实施例方法流程图；7 is a flowchart of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图8为本发明实施例S、T位置关系图；FIG. 8 is a diagram showing relationship between S and T positions according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

图9为本发明实施例MII发送数据的方法示意图；FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a method for transmitting data by MII according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

图10为本发明实施例MII发送数据的方法示意图；FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a method for transmitting data by MII according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

图11为本发明实施例64B/66B编码数据流与码块对应关系图；FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a correspondence relationship between a coded data stream and a code block according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

图12为本发明实施例S、T位置关系图；FIG. 12 is a diagram showing relationship between S and T positions according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

图13为本发明实施例MII发送数据的方法及输出的数据流示意图；FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a method for transmitting data by MII and an output data flow according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

图14为本发明实施例64B/66B编码数据流与码块对应关系图；14 is a diagram showing a correspondence relationship between a coded data stream and a code block according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图15为本发明实施例S、T位置关系图；Figure 15 is a diagram showing the relationship between S and T positions according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图16为本发明实施例MII发送数据的方法示意图；16 is a schematic diagram of a method for transmitting data by MII according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图17为本发明实施例S、T位置关系图；17 is a diagram showing relationship between positions of S and T according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图18为本发明实施例***对齐字的方法示意图；18 is a schematic diagram of a method for inserting an alignment word according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图19为本发明实施例SDH帧结构示意图；FIG. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of an SDH frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图20为本发明实施例方法流程图；20 is a flowchart of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图21为本发明实施例通信设备示意图；21 is a schematic diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图22为本发明实施例通信设备示意图。 FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

具体实施方式detailed description

为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领保护域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is a partial embodiment of the invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

图1给出了以太网中传输数据的方式。如图1所示，(A)在某一段时间内接口无数据发送，则连续发送空闲字节，以维持以太网接口两侧的硬件的正常发送和接收状态。(B)如果在这一段时间内有分组数据需要传输，则分组数据覆盖空闲字节进行发送。分组具有一定范围内的可变长度，两个分组之间的空闲字节，至少12字节，长度不限。Figure 1 shows how data is transmitted over Ethernet. As shown in Figure 1, (A) if there is no data transmission on the interface for a certain period of time, the idle bytes are continuously sent to maintain the normal transmission and reception status of the hardware on both sides of the Ethernet interface. (B) If there is packet data to be transmitted during this period of time, the packet data covers the idle byte for transmission. The packet has a variable length within a certain range, and the idle byte between the two packets is at least 12 bytes, and the length is not limited.

如图1所示，以太网分组的典型封装如下，以8位元组(字节)为基本单位。一个以太网分组中先后包含前7字节的导码”0xAA 0xAA 0xAA 0xAA 0xAA 0xAA 0xAA”，1字节的帧开始SFD标记”0xAB”，随后是6字节长度目的地址，6字节长度的源地址，2字节长度的分组类型/长度信息，至少为46字节的一定长度的分组载荷信息及填充信息字节(载荷不足46字节的时候，用PAD填充至46字节)，最后是4字节的帧校验字节，用于校验分组的完整性。不包含7字节前导码和帧开始字节SFD，分组最短为64字节，最长为1518字节。包含前导码和帧开始字节则分别为72字节和1526字节。以太网分组之后的一个空闲字节，作为控制字节又称为帧结束定界(EFD)。As shown in Figure 1, the typical encapsulation of Ethernet packets is as follows, with octets (bytes) as the basic unit. An Ethernet packet contains the first 7 bytes of the pilot code "0xAA 0xAA 0xAA 0xAA 0xAA 0xAA 0xAA", the 1-byte frame starts with the SFD flag "0xAB", followed by the 6-byte length destination address, 6-byte length Source address, 2-byte length packet type/length information, at least 46 bytes of packet payload information and padding information bytes (when the payload is less than 46 bytes, padded to 46 bytes with PAD), and finally Is a 4-byte frame check byte used to verify the integrity of the packet. The 7-byte preamble and the frame start byte SFD are not included, and the packet is shortest to 64 bytes and up to 1518 bytes. The preamble and frame start bytes are 72 bytes and 1526 bytes, respectively. An idle byte after the Ethernet packet, also known as the Control End Byte (EFD).

图2给出了以太网络接口的层参考模型。如图2所示，以太网包括应用层、表示层、会话层、传输层、网络层、链路层、物理层(PHY)七个层次。其中，链路层包括逻辑链路控制层、以太网OAM层(可选)、以太网MAC控制层(可选)、MAC层，物理层包括调和子层(Reconciliation Sub-layer，RS)，物理编码子层(Physical Coding Sub-layer，PCS)，FEC层(可选)、物理媒质连接子层(Physical Medium Attachment，PMA)和物理媒质相关子层(Physical Medium Dependent，PMD)。RS层和PCS层之间通过媒质不相关接口(Medium Dependent Interface，MII)连接。自100M以太网开始，逐渐形成了概念稳定的MII逻辑接口，随速率的提升而右不同的命名。GMII接口只的是物理接口速率为1Gbps，XGMII为10Gbps，XLGMII为40Gbps，CGMII为100Gbps等。MI逻辑概念接口随着接口速率的演进而成熟完善，100M时为半字节4比特数据位宽，GE时为1字节8比特数据位宽，10GE时为4字节32比特数据位宽，超10G速率的MII接口则已经发展为抽象逻辑接口，统一定义为8字节64比特数据位宽。Figure 2 shows the layer reference model for the Ethernet interface. As shown in FIG. 2, the Ethernet includes seven layers: an application layer, a presentation layer, a session layer, a transport layer, a network layer, a link layer, and a physical layer (PHY). The link layer includes a logical link control layer, an Ethernet OAM layer (optional), an Ethernet MAC control layer (optional), and a MAC layer, and the physical layer includes a Reconciliation Sub-layer (RS), and a physical layer. Physical Coding Sub-layer (PCS), FEC layer (optional), physical medium connection sublayer (Physical Medium) Attachment (PMA) and Physical Medium Dependent (PMD). The RS layer and the PCS layer are connected by a Medium Dependent Interface (MII). Since the beginning of 100M Ethernet, the concept of stable MII logic interface has gradually formed, and the right name is different as the rate increases. The GMII interface only has a physical interface rate of 1 Gbps, XGMII is 10 Gbps, XLGMII is 40 Gbps, and CGMII is 100 Gbps. The MI logical concept interface matures with the evolution of the interface rate. It is a nibble 4-bit data bit width at 100M, a 1-byte 8-bit data bit width at GE, and a 4-byte 32-bit data bit width at 10GE. The MII interface with super 10G rate has been developed into an abstract logical interface, which is uniformly defined as an 8-byte 64-bit data bit width.

典型地，接口物理层自上而下的第一个功能层次为RS；Reconciliation Sublayer调和子层，RS子层通过MII接口和包含PCS物理编码子层等子层的其他PHY功能层连接，进行数据的收发双向传输。RS调和子层发送方向所构造的MII接口数据，主要为根据MII接口的数据位宽，按照约定的物理接口速率从分组缓存中取分组数据包并通过确定速率位宽的MII接口向物理编码子层并行输送出以太网分组数据，替换分组前导码首字节为S字节，在没有分组传输的时候填充空闲、T、O等控制字节信息，并保证MII接口数据格式符合物理编码子层的要求，例如10GE XGMII接口上的帧要求与XGMII接口边界对齐，开始字节S只能放在MII第一通道上。在接收方向上，将通过MII接口从编码子层获得接收解码后到得的对应的MII接口数据恢复出以太网分组数据并存储到分组缓存，丢弃和终止各种填充和控制字节信息。Typically, the first functional layer of the interface physical layer from top to bottom is RS; the Reconciliation Sublayer reconciles the sublayer, and the RS sublayer connects through the MII interface and other PHY functional layers including sublayers such as the PCS physical coding sublayer to perform data. Transceiver two-way transmission. The MII interface data constructed by the RS reconciliation sublayer transmission direction is mainly based on the data bit width of the MII interface, and the packet data packet is taken from the packet buffer according to the agreed physical interface rate, and the physical code is obtained by determining the MII interface of the rate bit width. The layer transports the Ethernet packet data in parallel, replaces the first byte of the packet preamble with S bytes, fills the control byte information of idle, T, O, etc. when there is no packet transmission, and ensures that the MII interface data format conforms to the physical coding sublayer. The requirements, for example, the frame requirements on the 10GE XGMII interface are aligned with the XGMII interface boundary, and the starting byte S can only be placed on the MII first channel. In the receiving direction, the corresponding MII interface data obtained after receiving and decoding from the encoding sublayer is recovered from the encoding sublayer and the Ethernet packet data is recovered and stored in the packet buffer, and various padding and control byte information are discarded and terminated.

MII接口上TX_EN/TX_ER/TXC用于指示以太网分组的前导码第一字节的开始和分组最后一个字节的结束。前导码的第一字节被RS替换为/S/字符，以太网分组后的第一个控制字符为/T/字符。从/S/字符开始到/T/字符之间的字节为数据字符。数据字符之外的字符为控制字符，如下左图所示。需要指出的是，8位元字节数据字符有0x00～0xFF 256种信息组合合法，而控制字符只有少数几种组合合法，例如/I/、/S/、/T/等控制字符。/I/与I含义相同，均表示帧间隔空闲字符字节；/S/与S含义相同，均表示以太网帧开始字符；/T/与T 含义相同，均表示以太网帧结束字符。例如，XGMII接口的常见字符如下表所示。TX_EN/TX_ER/TXC on the MII interface is used to indicate the beginning of the first byte of the preamble of the Ethernet packet and the end of the last byte of the packet. The first byte of the preamble is replaced by the /S/ character by the RS, and the first control character after the Ethernet packet is the /T/ character. The byte from the /S/ character to the /T/ character is a data character. Characters other than data characters are control characters, as shown in the left figure below. It should be noted that the 8-bit byte data characters have 0x00~0xFF. 256 kinds of information combinations are legal, and only a few combinations of control characters are legal, such as control characters such as /I/, /S/, /T/. /I/ has the same meaning as I, and indicates the frame interval idle character byte; /S/ has the same meaning as S, which indicates the Ethernet frame start character; /T/ and T The meaning is the same and both indicate the end of the Ethernet frame. For example, the common characters for the XGMII interface are shown in the following table.

表1Table 1

GMII采用8比特位宽和125MHz的时钟，XGMII采用32比特位宽和312.5MHz的时钟。XGMII则用TXC 4位元组来指示32比特位宽数据的4个8位元字节分别是数据字符还是控制字符。40GE/100GE则进一步将MII接口位宽扩展到64bit，并仅作为抽象的逻辑接口，不再定义物理接口形式，后续的25GE、50GE、400GE等将可能沿用这一规则。The GMII uses an 8-bit wide and 125MHz clock, and the XGMII uses a 32-bit wide and 312.5MHz clock. XGMII uses the TXC 4-byte to indicate whether the four 8-bit bytes of the 32-bit width data are data characters or control characters, respectively. The 40GE/100GE further extends the MII interface bit width to 64 bits, and only serves as an abstract logical interface. The physical interface format is no longer defined. Subsequent 25GE, 50GE, and 400GE may follow this rule.

图3给出了MII接口发送数据的示意图。图中TX_CLK中为RS层发送给PCS层的时钟信号，TXC为用于指示传送控制信号，TXD为传送的数据。TXC中包括0和1的序列，0表示传送的相应字节为数据字节，1表示传送的相应字节为控制字节。如图3所示，在10G XGMII接口32比特数据位宽的情况下，TX_CLK、TXC[0:3]、TXD[0:7]、TXD[8:15]、TXD[16:23]、TXD[24:31]从RS层向PCS层并行传送。例如，当TXC[0:3]的值为1000时，表示TXD[0:7]传送的是控制字节，而TXD[8:15]、TXD[16:23]、TXD[24:31]传送的是数据字节。64位宽的情况、以及接收方向的情况以此类推。数据字节为需要传送的数据，而控制字节的具体含义见表1。例如，如果TXC[0:3]指示TXD[0:7]为控制字节，而TXD[0:7]承载的值为0xFB，通过表1即可以知道TXD[0:7]承载的是帧开始字符/S/。Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of the data sent by the MII interface. In the figure, TX_CLK is a clock signal sent by the RS layer to the PCS layer, TXC is used to indicate the transmission control signal, and TXD is the transmitted data. The TXC includes a sequence of 0 and 1, with 0 indicating that the corresponding byte transmitted is a data byte and 1 indicates that the corresponding byte transmitted is a control byte. As shown in Figure 3, in the case of a 32-bit data bit width of the 10G XGMII interface, TX_CLK, TXC[0:3], TXD[0:7], TXD[8:15], TXD[16:23], TXD [24:31] Parallel transfer from the RS layer to the PCS layer. For example, when the value of TXC[0:3] is 1000, it means that TXD[0:7] transmits the control byte, while TXD[8:15], TXD[16:23], TXD[24:31] The data bytes are transferred. 64-bit The wide case, as well as the direction of reception, and so on. The data byte is the data that needs to be transferred, and the specific meaning of the control byte is shown in Table 1. For example, if TXC[0:3] indicates that TXD[0:7] is a control byte and TXD[0:7] carries a value of 0xFB, it can be known from Table 1 that TXD[0:7] carries a frame. Start character /S/.

这种MII传送信息的方式与PCS层的编码方式可以相互配合。如对于64b/66b编码，编码所需的64比特信息来自XGMII接口两个连续的32位宽信息，或者是XL/CGMII的一个64位宽信息，共8字节信息，由TXC信息指示每个字节是控制字节还是数据字节。由于/S/,/O/等字节被限制在MII接口的第一个字节通道上，40GE、100GE延续使用64b/66b编码，但由于采用了64位宽的MII接口，并限定/S/字符的位置在XLGMII/CGMII接口8字节的第一个字节，所以对应的64b/66b PCS编码块的种类有所减少，总共只有12种编码块。The way in which the MII transmits information and the encoding method of the PCS layer can cooperate. For 64b/66b encoding, the 64-bit information required for encoding comes from two consecutive 32-bit wide information of the XGMII interface, or a 64-bit wide information of XL/CGMII, a total of 8 bytes of information, indicated by the TXC information. Whether the byte is a control byte or a data byte. Since /S/, /O/ and other bytes are limited to the first byte channel of the MII interface, 40GE and 100GE continue to use 64b/66b encoding, but because of the 64-bit wide MII interface, and limited /S The position of the / character is the first byte of the 8 bytes of the XLGMII/CGMII interface, so the corresponding 64b/66b PCS coded block type is reduced, and there are only 12 code blocks in total.

图4给出了64b/66b编码表。64b/66b码块包括66比特，其中包括一个2比特的同步头和8个字节的承载区。当同步头2比特指示为01时，该码块中同步头后面的8个字节均为数据字节；当同步头2比特指示为10时，该码块中同步头后面的8个字节为控制字节和数据字节的组合，这时第一个字节用于指示码字结构。图4的编码表中，D用于指示数据字节，C用于指示控制字节(其中承载的值的具体含义见表1)，0表示填充0。Figure 4 shows the 64b/66b code table. The 64b/66b code block includes 66 bits including a 2-bit sync header and an 8-byte bearer area. When the sync header 2 bit indicates 01, the 8 bytes following the sync header in the code block are data bytes; when the sync header 2 bits indicate 10, the 8 bytes following the sync header in the code block To control the combination of byte and data byte, the first byte is used to indicate the codeword structure. In the coding table of FIG. 4, D is used to indicate a data byte, C is used to indicate a control byte (the specific meaning of the value carried therein is shown in Table 1), and 0 indicates padding 0.

以上即为以太网技术的基本情况。因为以太网应用广泛，硬件和接口器件具有良好的规模效应而使得成本及其低廉。当前40GE，100GE，NG100GE以及下一速率以太网接口(例如400GE、1000GE)也将具备相对而然的地成本优势。The above is the basic situation of Ethernet technology. Because of the wide range of Ethernet applications, hardware and interface devices have good scale effects that make them cost-effective. The current 40GE, 100GE, NG100GE and next-rate Ethernet interfaces (such as 400GE, 1000GE) will also have a relative cost advantage.

与此同时，时分复用(Time Division Multiplexing，TDM)作为传送网的核心技术，具备丰富的OAM、强大的TCM能力和带外FEC能力，能够实现大容量业务的灵活调度和管理，日益成为骨干传送网的主流技术。典型的TDM信号包括OTN信号、SDH信号、SONET信号。本发明实施例主要以OTN信号为例，其他TDM信号可以类推。 At the same time, Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) is the core technology of the transport network. It has rich OAM, powerful TCM capability and out-of-band FEC capability. It can realize flexible scheduling and management of large-capacity services and become a backbone. The mainstream technology of the transport network. Typical TDM signals include OTN signals, SDH signals, and SONET signals. The embodiment of the present invention mainly takes an OTN signal as an example, and other TDM signals can be analogized.

图5给出了OTN信号的结构图。传统OTN的具有统一的接口信号数据帧结构(OTUk)，统一的客户信号承载通道数据结构：光通道数据单元(ODUk)和光通道净荷单元(OPUk)。如图5所示，如图OTN帧结构中，OPU-k帧包含OPU-k载荷区和OPU-k开销区，OPU-k增加ODU-k开销又称为ODU-k，ODU-k增加OTU-k开销(含FEC)帧同步头和复帧指示则构成完整的OTU-k帧。OTU-k帧如图所示，包含4行4080列共计4x4080＝16320字节。OTU-k FEC共计4行256列共计1024字节。14字节OTU-k帧开销包含SM、GCC0、RES共7个字节和帧同步开销FAS、MFAS共7个字节。6字节FAS前3个字节为1111 0110，后3个字节为0010 1000，这6个字节是固定序列，如同以太网中的前导码序列。Figure 5 shows the structure of the OTN signal. The traditional OTN has a unified interface signal data frame structure (OTUk), and a unified client signal bearer channel data structure: an optical channel data unit (ODUk) and an optical channel payload unit (OPUk). As shown in FIG. 5, in the OTN frame structure, the OPU-k frame includes an OPU-k payload area and an OPU-k overhead area, and the OPU-k increases the ODU-k overhead, which is also called ODU-k, and the ODU-k increases the OTU. The -k overhead (including FEC) frame sync header and multiframe indication form a complete OTU-k frame. The OTU-k frame, as shown in the figure, contains 4 rows and 4080 columns totaling 4x4080=16320 bytes. The OTU-k FEC has a total of 256 bytes in 4 rows and 256 columns. The 14-byte OTU-k frame overhead includes a total of 7 bytes of SM, GCC0, and RES, and a frame synchronization overhead of FAS and MFAS of 7 bytes. The first 3 bytes of the 6-byte FAS are 1111 0110, and the last 3 bytes are 0010 1000. These 6 bytes are fixed sequences, like the preamble sequence in Ethernet.

OTN的数据封装采用固定大小的帧结构，是基于包封优化的***。高速接口的数据帧发送频率相应提高，接收上数据一帧接一帧，具有完整的包封，不利于其中的业务的调度。OTU中几个ODU信号的调度，需要进行解映射去处业务，然后重新映射，调度效率非常低。在研究中的下一代OTN中，考虑面向业务调度疏导的优化设计，解耦接口技术的演进和接口速率等级，定义字节间插的nx100G OTUCn、nx50G OTULn、nx40G OTUXLn、nx25G OTUXXVn、nx10G OTUXn等新型信号，避免调度时候的解映射和重映射，也避免定义各个等级速率的OTU信号单元。这些OTU信号单元还有可能将当前OTUk中的FEC校验部分丢掉，定义与物理接口无关的纯粹的OTU逻辑接口。例如OTUC-n如下，包含4行，nx3824列，FAS序列包含nx3个OA1字节和nx3个OA2字节，共nx6字节。OTN's data encapsulation uses a fixed-size frame structure and is based on an encapsulated optimization system. The data frame transmission frequency of the high-speed interface is correspondingly improved, and the received data is frame-by-frame one frame, which has complete encapsulation, which is not conducive to the scheduling of services therein. The scheduling of several ODU signals in the OTU needs to be demapped to the service and then remapped, and the scheduling efficiency is very low. In the next generation of OTN under study, consider the optimization design for service scheduling and grooming, the evolution of decoupling interface technology and interface rate level, and define byte interleaving nx100G OTUCn, nx50G OTULn, nx40G OTUXLn, nx25G OTUXXVn, nx10G OTUXn, etc. New signals, avoiding demapping and remapping at the time of scheduling, and avoiding the definition of OTU signal units at various tier rates. It is also possible for these OTU signal elements to drop the FEC check portion of the current OTUk, defining a pure OTU logical interface that is independent of the physical interface. For example, OTUC-n is as follows, including 4 rows, nx3824 columns, and the FAS sequence contains nx3 OA1 bytes and nx3 OA2 bytes, for a total of nx6 bytes.

如图6所示，OPUC-n/ODUC-n/OTUC-n是由n个OPUC-1/ODUC-1/OTUC-1经字节间插而得，因而对各个OPUC-1/ODUC-1/OTUC-1的调度疏导变得简单方便。而传统的含或者不含FEC校验的OTU-k例如100G OTU-4，则可以作为n＝1时的含或者不含FEC校验的OTUC-1实例。因此下文将按照nx100G OTUCn、nx50G OTULn、nx40G OTUXLn、nx25G OTUXXVn、nx10G OTUXn等形式展开描述。并统称为OTUflex-n。 As shown in Fig. 6, OPUC-n/ODUC-n/OTUC-n is interleaved by n OPUC-1/ODUC-1/OTUC-1, and thus for each OPUC-1/ODUC-1 The scheduling of /OTUC-1 is simple and convenient. A conventional OTU-k with or without FEC check, such as 100G OTU-4, can be used as an example of OTUC-1 with or without FEC check for n=1. Therefore, the following description will be made in the form of nx100G OTUCn, nx50G OTULn, nx40G OTUXLn, nx25G OTUXXVn, nx10G OTUXn, and the like. Also collectively referred to as OTUflex-n.

鉴于以太网的良好的规模效应及相对低廉的成本，以及TDM技术的广泛应用，业界产生了融合两种的趋势。本发明实施例提供一种处理信号的方法、设备和***，使得TDM信号可以通过以太网物理层接口进行传输，与以太网共享相同MII接口并且使用相同的物理层接口进行传输，从而实现了资源和技术的共享，有利于形成规模效应，降低成本，获得良好的经济效益。In view of the good scale effect of Ethernet and relatively low cost, and the wide application of TDM technology, the industry has a tendency to merge. Embodiments of the present invention provide a method, device, and system for processing a signal, so that a TDM signal can be transmitted through an Ethernet physical layer interface, and the same MII interface is shared with the Ethernet and transmitted using the same physical layer interface, thereby realizing resources. The sharing of technology is conducive to the formation of economies of scale, cost reduction, and good economic returns.

如图7所示，本发明实施例提供一种处理时分复用TDM数据流的方法，包括以下步骤：As shown in FIG. 7, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for processing a time division multiplexed TDM data stream, including the following steps:

步骤101：将TDM数据流发送给物理编码子层PCS，所述TDM数据流的第一预定位置承载了以太网帧开始字符，所述TDM数据流的第二预定位置承载了以太网帧结束字符。Step 101: Send a TDM data stream to a physical coding sublayer PCS, where a first predetermined location of the TDM data stream carries an Ethernet frame start character, and a second predetermined location of the TDM data stream carries an Ethernet frame end character. .

步骤102：对所述TDM数据流进行64B/66B编码。Step 102: Perform 64B/66B encoding on the TDM data stream.

步骤103：发送所述64B/66B编码所获得的64B/66B码块。Step 103: Send the 64B/66B code block obtained by the 64B/66B encoding.

可选的，所述TDM数据流为光传送网OTN数据流；所述OTN数据流为由OTN帧组成的数据流，所述第一预定位置和所述第二预定位置位于OTN帧中；在将TDM数据流发送给所述PCS之前，所述方法还包括，将所述第一预定位置中承载的预定字节替换为所述以太网帧开始字符，将所述第二预定位置中承载的预定字节替换为所述以太网结束字符。进一步，可选的，所述第一预定位置和所述第二预定位置在OTN帧中的位置分布情况为以下情况中的一种：所述第一预定位置和所述第二预定位置位于所述OTN帧的帧同步信号FAS开销中，所述第二预定位置位于所述第一预定位置之前；所述第一预定位置位于所述OTN帧的FAS开销中，所述第二预定位置位于所述OTN帧第4行固定填充字段中；和，所述第一预定位置和所述第二预定位置位于所述OTN帧第4行固定填充字段中，所述第二预定位置位于所述第一预定位置之前。Optionally, the TDM data stream is an optical transport network OTN data stream; the OTN data stream is a data stream composed of OTN frames, where the first predetermined location and the second predetermined location are located in an OTN frame; Before transmitting the TDM data stream to the PCS, the method further includes replacing a predetermined byte carried in the first predetermined location with the Ethernet frame start character, and carrying the second predetermined location The predetermined byte is replaced with the Ethernet end character. Further, optionally, the location distribution of the first predetermined location and the second predetermined location in the OTN frame is one of the following situations: the first predetermined location and the second predetermined location are located at In the frame synchronization signal FAS overhead of the OTN frame, the second predetermined location is located before the first predetermined location; the first predetermined location is located in the FAS overhead of the OTN frame, and the second predetermined location is located in the The fourth row of the OTN frame is fixed in the padding field; and, the first predetermined location and the second predetermined location are located in a fixed padding field of the fourth row of the OTN frame, and the second predetermined location is located in the first Before the scheduled location.

可选的，所述TDM数据流为OTN数据流；所述OTN数据流中每个帧周期包括一个OTN帧和8*n个额外字节，n为整数，所述第一预定位置中承载的所述以太网帧开始字符和所述第二预定位置中承载的所述以太网帧结束字符位于所述8*n个额外字节中，所述第二预定位置在所述第一预定位置之前，所述8*n个额外字节在所述OTN帧之前或之后；在将TDM数据流发送给所述PCS之前，所述方法还包括，在每个帧周期添加所述8*n个额外字节。Optionally, the TDM data stream is an OTN data stream; each frame period in the OTN data stream includes one OTN frame and 8*n extra bytes, where n is an integer, and the first predetermined position is carried. The Ethernet frame start character and the second predetermined position The Ethernet frame end character carried is located in the 8*n extra bytes, the second predetermined position is before the first predetermined position, and the 8*n extra bytes are in the OTN frame Before or after; before transmitting the TDM data stream to the PCS, the method further comprises adding the 8*n extra bytes in each frame period.

可选的，所述将TDM数据流发送给物理编码子层PCS，包括：通过媒质不相关接口MII将TDM数据流发送给所述PCS，且通过所述MII接口向所述PCS发送时钟信号，以及用于指示所述TDM数据流中控制字节和数据字节的传送控制信号，所述控制字节包括所述以太网帧开始字符和所述以太网帧结束字符。Optionally, the sending the TDM data stream to the physical coding sublayer PCS includes: sending a TDM data stream to the PCS through a media unrelated interface MII, and sending a clock signal to the PCS by using the MII interface, And a transfer control signal for indicating a control byte and a data byte in the TDM data stream, the control byte including the Ethernet frame start character and the Ethernet frame end character.

下面将对以上方法进行详细阐述。其中，TDM数据流可以是OTN数据流，可以是SDH数据流，也可以是SONET数据流，还可以是其他TDM数据流。本发明实施例主要以OTN数据流为例，其他TDM数据与OTN数据流的处理方法类似，可以以此类推。The above method will be elaborated below. The TDM data stream may be an OTN data stream, and may be an SDH data stream, a SONET data stream, or other TDM data streams. The embodiment of the present invention mainly takes an OTN data stream as an example, and other TDM data is similar to the processing method of the OTN data stream, and so on.

原始的OTN数据经过处理之后，如经过RS层处理之后，由RS层将其发送给PCS层。这里的发送方式可以是上述所介绍的MII的方式，也可以是AUI的方式，还可以是其他现在已有或者将来可能出现的发送方式。这里说的MII的方式，包括MII、GMII、XGMII、XLGMII、CGMII、FlexMII等不同速率等级的MII。以MII为例，RS层通过MII将TDM数据流发送给所述RS的同时，还通过所述MII接口向所述RS发送时钟信号，以及用于指示所述TDM数据流中控制字节和数据字节的传送控制信号，所述控制字节包括所述以太网帧开始字符和所述以太网帧结束字符。这个传送控制信号可以是上述讨论的TXC信号。MII接口的接收方向，即从PCS层到RS层的信号传输类似，详见图3右侧两幅图，此处不再详述。After the original OTN data is processed, it is sent by the RS layer to the PCS layer after being processed by the RS layer. The transmission method here may be the manner of the MII described above, the manner of the AUI, or other transmission methods that are currently available or may occur in the future. The MII method mentioned here includes MII of different rate grades such as MII, GMII, XGMII, XLGMII, CGMII, and FlexMII. Taking MII as an example, the RS layer sends a TDM data stream to the RS through the MII, and also sends a clock signal to the RS through the MII interface, and is used to indicate control bytes and data in the TDM data stream. A byte transfer control signal, the control byte including the Ethernet frame start character and the Ethernet frame end character. This transfer control signal can be the TXC signal discussed above. The receiving direction of the MII interface, that is, the signal transmission from the PCS layer to the RS layer is similar. For details, see the two figures on the right side of Figure 3, which will not be described in detail here.

所述TDM数据流的第一预定位置承载了以太网帧开始字符/S/，所述TDM数据流的第二预定位置承载了以太网帧结束字符/T/。传统的TDM数据流一般不包括以太网帧开始字符或以太网帧结束字符，而以太网处理相应的数据流必须依赖于以太网帧开始字符或以太网帧结束字符。为了共享以太网的物理层，处理TDM数据的RS层在相应的TDM原始数据流中添加相应的/S/和/T/。The first predetermined location of the TDM data stream carries an Ethernet frame start character /S/, and the second predetermined location of the TDM data stream carries an Ethernet frame end character /T/. The traditional TDM data stream generally does not include the Ethernet frame start character or the Ethernet frame end character, and the Ethernet processing corresponding data stream must depend on the Ethernet frame start character or the Ethernet frame end character. In order to share the physical layer of Ethernet, the RS layer that processes TDM data is Add the corresponding /S/ and /T/ to the corresponding TDM raw data stream.

可选的，在TDM原始数据流中添加/S/和/T/的方式可以是将相应的TDM数据中某些固定序列替换为/S/和/T/。因为这些序列是固定的，接收到处理后的TDM数据流的接收端可以用这些固定的序列替换相应的/S/和/T/，从而恢复原始的TDM数据。Optionally, the method of adding /S/ and /T/ in the TDM original data stream may be to replace some fixed sequences in the corresponding TDM data with /S/ and /T/. Since these sequences are fixed, the receiving end of the processed TDM data stream can replace the corresponding /S/ and /T/ with these fixed sequences, thereby restoring the original TDM data.

可选的，在TDM原始数据流中添加/S/和/T/的方式可以是在原始TDM数据中添加包含/S/和/T/的固定序列。优选的可以添加包含/S/和/T/的8*n个额外字节，n为整数。在这种方式中，接收端可以通过去除添加的额外字节的方法恢复出原始TDM数据。Alternatively, the method of adding /S/ and /T/ in the TDM original data stream may be to add a fixed sequence containing /S/ and /T/ in the original TDM data. Preferably, 8*n extra bytes containing /S/ and /T/ may be added, n being an integer. In this way, the receiving end can recover the original TDM data by removing the extra bytes added.

可选的，还可以是将TDM原始数据中某些位置的字节定义为/S/和/T/，以OTN为例，如可以对OTN帧中的原来的固定序列进行重新定义，使某些固定位置的值等于以太网中/S/和/T/的值。可选的，可以重新定义现有的OTN帧中的任何固定序列或填充序列，使相应固定位置的值等于以太网中/S/或/T/的值，如可以是OTN帧中的帧同步信号(Frame alignment signal，FAS)中的两个字节重新定义为/S/和/T/，其中/T/在/S/之前。这种情况下，OTN数据流可以直接共享以太网的物理层而无需对原始OTN数据流进行额外处理，接收端也可以直接接收相应的OTN数据流而无需其他处理。Optionally, the bytes of the TDM original data may be defined as /S/ and /T/, and the OTN is used as an example. For example, the original fixed sequence in the OTN frame may be redefined to enable a certain The values of these fixed positions are equal to the values of /S/ and /T/ in Ethernet. Optionally, any fixed sequence or padding sequence in the existing OTN frame may be redefined, such that the value of the corresponding fixed position is equal to the value of /S/ or /T/ in the Ethernet, such as frame synchronization in the OTN frame. The two bytes in the Frame alignment signal (FAS) are redefined as /S/ and /T/, where /T/ is before /S/. In this case, the OTN data stream can directly share the physical layer of the Ethernet without additional processing of the original OTN data stream, and the receiving end can also directly receive the corresponding OTN data stream without other processing.

可选的，还可以对MII接口的具体含义即现有的以太网RS层和PCS层进行调整，使其将OTN帧中相应的固定序列值识别为/S/或/T/。如上所述OTN的FAS中的前3个字节等于1111 0110，后3个字节等于0010 1000，其相应的十六进制表达分别为F6和28，从上述表1中可以看出，这两个值均为保留字节。可选的，可以将F6定义为与Optionally, the specific meaning of the MII interface, that is, the existing Ethernet RS layer and the PCS layer, may be adjusted to identify the corresponding fixed sequence value in the OTN frame as /S/ or /T/. As mentioned above, the first 3 bytes in the FAS of the OTN are equal to 1111 0110, the last 3 bytes are equal to 0010 1000, and the corresponding hexadecimal expressions are F6 and 28 respectively. As can be seen from Table 1 above, this Both values are reserved bytes. Optional, you can define F6 as

/T/具有相同的含义，将28定义为与/S/具有相同的含义。这样，以太网即可将现有的FAS中的固定字节识别为相应的/S/和/T/。可选的，也可以将其他固定字节的对应值的含义进行重新定义，而不限于FAS，使其能被识别为/S/和/T/。/T/ has the same meaning, and 28 is defined to have the same meaning as /S/. In this way, the Ethernet can identify the fixed bytes in the existing FAS as the corresponding /S/ and /T/. Alternatively, the meanings of the corresponding values of other fixed bytes may be redefined, and are not limited to FAS, so that they can be recognized as /S/ and /T/.

可选的，还可以通过以上几种式中的两个或多个结合在一起的方式，使得RS处理后的TDM数据相应固定位置中包含以太网物理层能识别的/S/和/T/。 Optionally, the two or more of the foregoing formulas may be combined, so that the corresponding fixed location of the TDM data after the RS processing includes the /S/ and /T/ recognized by the Ethernet physical layer. .

值得注意的是，以上各种方式中，/S/和/T/可以是周期性的出现，比如可以是一个OTN帧周期分别出现一次。可选的，一个OTN帧周期内的OTN数据流中也可以包含多个/S/和/T/。It should be noted that in the above various manners, /S/ and /T/ may be periodic occurrences, for example, one OTN frame period may occur once. Optionally, multiple OTN data streams in an OTN frame period may also include multiple /S/ and /T/.

以上各种方式中，在RS发给PCS的传送控制信号TXC中，除了用于指示/S/和/T/的部分为控制字节外，其余全部指示为数据字节。可选的，也可以把某些固定序列指示为控制字节，如指示为空闲字符。In the above various manners, all of the transmission control signals TXC sent by the RS to the PCS are indicated as data bytes except that the parts for indicating /S/ and /T/ are control bytes. Optionally, some fixed sequences may also be indicated as control bytes, as indicated as idle characters.

可选的，当一个周期内的TDM数据流的字节数不是8字节的整数倍时，填充恰当的字节数，使得一个周期内的TDM数据流为8字节的整数倍。如此，因为一个周期内的TDM数据流为8字节的整数倍，编码将更为便利。Optionally, when the number of bytes of the TDM data stream in one cycle is not an integer multiple of 8 bytes, the appropriate number of bytes is filled, so that the TDM data stream in one cycle is an integer multiple of 8 bytes. Thus, since the TDM data stream in one cycle is an integer multiple of 8 bytes, the encoding will be more convenient.

PCS层接收到相应的TDM数据流后，对其进行64B/66B编码。当然这里的编码方式可选，可以是其他编码方式，也可能是将来可能出现的编码方式，如128B/130B编码。对数据流进行64B/66B编码，可以采用图4中介绍的方式进行。After receiving the corresponding TDM data stream, the PCS layer performs 64B/66B encoding. Of course, the encoding method here is optional, and may be other encoding methods, or may be encoding methods that may occur in the future, such as 128B/130B encoding. 64B/66B encoding of the data stream can be performed in the manner described in FIG.

发送编码所获得的码块可以理解为PCS将编码后的码块发送给以太网物理层的其他层级，也可以理解为PCS层将编码后的码块通过以太网的其他层级，如PMA、PMD最终发送到传输链路中去。The code block obtained by transmitting the code can be understood as the PCS transmitting the coded code block to other layers of the Ethernet physical layer, or it can be understood that the PCS layer passes the coded code block through other layers of the Ethernet, such as PMA, PMD. Finally sent to the transmission link.

下面将就具体的实施方式进行阐述，本领域技术人员可以理解，下述的实施方式仅为举例，不对本发明构成限制。同时，本发明实施例中上述的总括性的实施方式，可以被结合到下列的实施方式中。The specific embodiments are described below, and those skilled in the art can understand that the following embodiments are merely examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Meanwhile, the above-described overall embodiments of the embodiments of the present invention can be incorporated into the following embodiments.

在一种实施方式中，例如100G OTUC-1、OTUL-2、OTUXXV-4、OTUX-10、50G OTUL-1/OTUXXV-2/OTUX-5、25G OTUXXV-1、10G OTUX-1这样的OTUflex-n信号，他们可能分别通过一个单通道的100G接口、50G接口、25G接口、10G接口进行传输。此时为了复用以太网的物理层，在发送方向上，OTN RS可简单地将OTUflex-n的帧中FAS字段的第一二字节分别替换为/T/、/S/字符(也可以是FAS的其他字节)，如图8所示。In one embodiment, OTUflex such as 100G OTUC-1, OTUL-2, OTUXXV-4, OTUX-10, 50G OTUL-1/OTUXXV-2/OTUX-5, 25G OTUXXV-1, 10G OTUX-1 -n signals, they may be transmitted through a single channel 100G interface, 50G interface, 25G interface, 10G interface. In this case, in order to multiplex the physical layer of the Ethernet, in the transmission direction, the OTN RS can simply replace the first two bytes of the FAS field in the frame of the OTUflex-n with /T/, /S/ characters (also Is the other bytes of the FAS), as shown in Figure 8.

如图9和图10所示，然后通过8字节64比特TXD/RXD数据位宽和8比特TXC/RXC的MII接口，送以太网64/66b物理编码子层等物理层功能进行编码和传输；在接收方向上MII接收物理层解码输出的MII接口数据，恢复/T/、/S/字符为原始FAS的两个OA1字节，从而恢复OTU帧。MII接口上送的数据符合S字符出现在TXD/RXD[0:7]通道上后。As shown in Figure 9 and Figure 10, the Ethernet 64/66b physical coding sublayer is then sent over the 8-byte 64-bit TXD/RXD data bit width and the 8-bit TXC/RXC MII interface. The physical layer function is encoded and transmitted; in the receiving direction, the MII receives the MII interface data decoded by the physical layer, and restores the /T/, /S/ characters to the two OA1 bytes of the original FAS, thereby restoring the OTU frame. The data sent on the MII interface conforms to the S character appearing on the TXD/RXD[0:7] channel.

在这种实施方式中，如图11所示，PCS用到的64/66b编码块的类型有三种。In this embodiment, as shown in Fig. 11, there are three types of 64/66b code blocks used by the PCS.

在又一实施方式中，如图12所示，在OTN信号为OTUflex-n的情况下，当n＝1,2,3…不同数值的时候，FAS的总长度随n而变化。本实施例中，在发送方向上，OTN RS将OTUflex-n的帧中FAS字段的第首和末字节分别替换为/T/、/S/字符，可选地，为了兼容以太网MII接口的字符定义，避免以太网PCS不认识FAS中的OA1＝0xF6和OA2＝0x28字符，将FAS中的OA1和OA2替换为以太网MII接口有定义的空闲字符/I/。In still another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 12, in the case where the OTN signal is OTUflex-n, when n=1, 2, 3... different values, the total length of the FAS varies with n. In this embodiment, in the sending direction, the OTN RS replaces the first and last bytes of the FAS field in the frame of the OTUflex-n with /T/, /S/ characters, respectively, optionally, in order to be compatible with the Ethernet MII interface. The character definition is to avoid the Ethernet PCS not knowing the OA1=0xF6 and OA2=0x28 characters in the FAS, and replacing the OA1 and OA2 in the FAS with the defined idle character /I/ of the Ethernet MII interface.

如图13所示，然后通过8字节64比特TXD/RXD数据位宽和8比特TXC/RXC的MII接口，送以太网64/66b物理编码子层等物理层功能进行编码和传输；在接收方向上MII接收物理层解码输出的MII接口数据，恢复/T/、/I/、/S/字符为原始FAS的OA1和OA2字节，从而恢复OTU帧。MII接口上送的数据符合S字符出现在TXD/RXD[0:7]通道上后。As shown in FIG. 13, the physical layer functions such as the Ethernet 64/66b physical coding sublayer are then encoded and transmitted through the 8-byte 64-bit TXD/RXD data bit width and the 8-bit TXC/RXC MII interface; In the direction, the MII receives the MII interface data of the physical layer decoding output, and restores the /T/, /I/, /S/ characters to the OA1 and OA2 bytes of the original FAS, thereby restoring the OTU frame. The data sent on the MII interface conforms to the S character appearing on the TXD/RXD[0:7] channel.

如图14所示，PCS用到的64b/66b编码块的类型随n而不同，考虑支持OTUflex-n，n＝1,2,3,4,5,6…分别需要不同数量的3,4,4,4,4,4…块不同码块类型，最多总共需要不同的7个码块类型，如图14所标示。As shown in Figure 14, the type of 64b/66b coded block used by PCS varies with n. Consider supporting OTUflex-n, n=1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6... each requires a different number of 3, 4 , 4, 4, 4, 4... block different block types, up to a total of 7 different block types, as shown in Figure 14.

在上述实施方式中，如图15所示，还可以将FAS字段的第首和末字节分别替换为/T/、/S/字符，其他FAS字符保留不替换。则需要在编码的时候，PCS能够识别FAS中的OA1和OA2，并做匹配的编码处理。在这种情况下，数据通过如图16所示的方式传送。In the above embodiment, as shown in FIG. 15, the first and last bytes of the FAS field may be replaced with /T/, /S/ characters, respectively, and other FAS characters are reserved and not replaced. Then, at the time of encoding, the PCS can recognize OA1 and OA2 in the FAS and perform matching encoding processing. In this case, the data is transmitted in the manner as shown in FIG.

64b/66b编码块类型等整体不受影响，其码块如图14所示。The 64b/66b coding block type and the like are not affected as a whole, and the code block is as shown in FIG.

OA1和OA2作为特殊控制字节需要加以考虑。例如下表所示，64/66b编码中，OA1、OA2可以分别编码为7比特C＝0x01＝0b0000001、 C＝0x02＝0b0000010。也可以根据需要选择其他的码值。8/10b编码中也类似，可合理选择未被使用的码值使用。这种情况下，可以对表1进行扩展，如下表所示。OA1 and OA2 need to be considered as special control bytes. For example, as shown in the following table, in 64/66b encoding, OA1 and OA2 can be coded as 7 bits C=0x01=0b0000001, respectively. C = 0x02 = 00000010. You can also choose other code values as needed. The 8/10b encoding is similar, and it is reasonable to select unused code values. In this case, Table 1 can be extended as shown in the following table.

表2Table 2

进一步地，如图17所示，一些特殊情况下，例如多通道和单通道兼容的40GE、100GE以太网中，在PCS中引入了多通道的对齐码字的***和删除操作，其周期对齐码字的***在和删除，是以删除和***/I/字符以及其对应的64/66b编码为前提以实现不更改物理接口的实际速率。适配这样的接口，需要数据流具备足够的/I/字符，以便PCS能够执行/I/删除操作，腾出空间用于对齐码字的***。Further, as shown in FIG. 17, in some special cases, such as multi-channel and single-channel compatible 40GE, 100GE Ethernet, multi-channel alignment codeword insertion and deletion operations are introduced in the PCS, and the cycle alignment code is displayed. The insertion and deletion of words is based on the deletion and insertion of /I/ characters and their corresponding 64/66b encoding to achieve no change to the physical interface. The actual rate. Adapting such an interface requires that the data stream have enough /I/ characters so that the PCS can perform /I/delete operations, freeing up space for aligning the insertion of codewords.

这里给出填充/I/字符的实施例。视***需要，在某一OTUflex-n帧后面***m字节的/I/填充字符，需要注意的是，***的/I/填充字符数量要求不影响下一个/S/字符出现在MII接口的第一通道上。也就是要求OTUflex-n的帧长加上/I/填充字符的总长度必须是64/66b码块8字节单位的整数倍。例如下图中，即要求3824*n*4+m是8的整数倍。这样可以兼容现有技术中例如40GE、100GE这样的多通道以太网接口的物理层。An embodiment of padding / I / characters is given here. Depending on the system requirements, insert m bytes of /I/padding characters after an OTUflex-n frame. Note that the number of inserted /I/pad characters does not affect the next /S/ character appearing on the MII interface. On the first channel. That is, the total length of the frame length of the OTUflex-n plus the /I/padding character must be an integer multiple of the 8-byte unit of the 64/66b code block. For example, in the figure below, 3824*n*4+m is required to be an integer multiple of 8. This is compatible with the physical layers of multi-channel Ethernet interfaces such as 40GE and 100GE in the prior art.

图17中，(1)、帧后第四行***1字节/T/字符和m-1字节的/I/填充字符，共m字节填充，FAS的最后一字符(第k＝nx6字节)替换为/S/字符；可选地，该第k字节FAS字符前面的k-1个FAS字符可以保留或者替换为/I/字符，这里不做限定；(2)、帧后第四行***1字节/T/字符和m-1字节的/I/填充字符，共m字节填充，FAS的中选择某一(第k字节,1<＝k<＝nx6)FAS字符替换为/S/字符；可选地，该第k字节FAS字符前面的k-1个FAS字符可以保留或者替换为/I/字符，这里不做限定；(3)、帧后第四行***1字节/T/字符和m-1字节的/I/填充字符，共m字节填充，FAS的中选择第一字符(第k＝1字节)替换为/S/字符；(4)、帧后第四行***1字节/T/字符、m-2字节的/I/填充字符、1字节/S/字符，总共m字节填充；(5)、帧后每行***1字节/T/字符、m/4-2字节的/I/填充字符、1字节/S/字符，四行总共m字节填充。In Fig. 17, (1), the fourth line after the frame inserts 1 byte/T/character and m-1 byte of /I/padding character, which is filled with m bytes, and the last character of FAS (k=nx6) Byte) is replaced by /S/ character; optionally, the k-1 FAS characters preceding the k-th FAS character may be reserved or replaced with /I/ characters, which are not limited herein; (2), after the frame The fourth line inserts 1 byte/T/character and m-1 byte of /I/padding character, which is filled with m bytes in total, and some is selected in FAS (kth byte, 1<=k<=nx6) The FAS character is replaced with a /S/ character; optionally, the k-1 FAS characters preceding the k-th FAS character may be reserved or replaced with /I/ characters, which are not limited herein; (3), after the frame Four lines insert 1 byte/T/character and m-1 byte /I/padding characters, a total of m bytes are filled, and the first character (k=1=1 byte) selected in FAS is replaced with /S/ character ; (4), the fourth line after the frame inserts 1 byte / T / character, m - 2 bytes / I / padding characters, 1 byte / S / character, a total of m bytes filled; (5), frame Each line is inserted with 1 byte/T/character, m/4-2 byte/I/padding character, 1 byte/S/character, and four lines of total m-byte padding.

结合以上所述实施方式，如图18所示，在又一实施方式中，介绍了对齐字符的***过程。由于在PCS中执行/I/的删除和***，对齐字的相应***和删除操作，***中MII接口和物理层PCS子层的接口兼容了传统以太网接口，对齐码字并不呈现到MII接口，但操作复杂，代价大。本实施例通过改进的MII接口中用控制指示对齐码字位置的方式来解决对齐码字的***问题，可以最大程度低降低***的复杂度，使得***自上而下更为简单流畅。In connection with the above-described embodiments, as shown in FIG. 18, in yet another embodiment, the insertion process of the alignment characters is introduced. Due to the deletion and insertion of /I/ in the PCS, the corresponding insertion and deletion operations of the alignment word, the interface of the MII interface and the physical layer PCS sublayer in the system are compatible with the traditional Ethernet interface, and the alignment codeword is not presented to the MII interface. However, the operation is complicated and costly. In this embodiment, the insertion of the alignment codeword is solved by the method of controlling the alignment of the codewords in the improved MII interface, which can minimize the complexity of the system and make the system simpler and smoother from top to bottom.

本实施，MII按照实施例一中的方式进行数据的处理，根据k 通道(XLGMII k＝4,CGMII k＝20)以太网接口***对齐字的要求，周期性地在16383*k个64/66b码块后跟k个64/66b对齐码块的要求，在确定的位置上停止实施例一种的增长数据发送，转而***k个AMI对齐码，结束后继续发送原数据。接收方向处理不再赘述。In this implementation, the MII performs data processing according to the method in the first embodiment, according to k. Channel (XLGMII k=4, CGMII k=20) Ethernet interface insert alignment requirements, periodically at 16383*k 64/66b code blocks followed by k 64/66b alignment code block requirements, at defined locations The growth data transmission of the embodiment is stopped, and then k AMI alignment codes are inserted, and the original data is continuously transmitted after the end. The receiving direction processing will not be described again.

本领域技术人员可以理解，图18中的对齐方式可以结合到上述任意一种实施方式中去，而不受限制。Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the alignment in FIG. 18 can be incorporated into any of the above embodiments without limitation.

以以上实施方式为基础，例如OTUflex-n为OTUX-4，和40GE使用相同的物理接口，通过XLGMII接口参考点衔接。这里对XLGMII接口的数据定义增加一项补充/AMI/码补充，如下表3所示：Based on the above implementation, for example, OTUflex-n is OTUX-4, and 40GE uses the same physical interface, and is connected through the XLGMII interface reference point. This adds a supplemental / AMI/code supplement to the data definition for the XLGMII interface, as shown in Table 3 below:

表3table 3

其中，64比特数据位宽MII接口上，TXC/RXC以0b10000000标记为控制码块数据，第一通道上的字符为本发明新定义字符，为0x05，其余为7个字节为数据字节，这些数据字节用于指示所对应的对齐码块。本发明不限定对齐码块为不参与扰码的全固定编码或者不参与扰码的半固定编码。例如40GE中的4个对齐码字以及100GE的20个对齐码字，都为不参加扰码的半固定编码，其中包含两字节的奇偶比特校验BIP3和BIP7字节。如下表4所标示。Among them, the 64-bit data bit width MII interface, TXC/RXC is marked as control block data with 0b10000000, the character on the first channel is the newly defined character of the invention, which is 0x05, and the remaining 7 bytes are data bytes. These data bytes are used to indicate the corresponding alignment code block. The present invention does not limit the alignment code block to a fully fixed code that does not participate in the scrambling code or a semi-fixed code that does not participate in the scrambling code. For example, 4 alignment codewords in 40GE and 20 alignment codewords in 100GE are semi-fixed codes that do not participate in scrambling, and include two-byte parity check BIP3 and BIP7 bytes. As indicated in Table 4 below.

表4Table 4

以上讨论的是OTN数据流，下面介绍SDH及SONET数据流如何处理。The above discussion is the OTN data stream. The following describes how the SDH and SONET data streams are handled.

如图19所示，SDH/SONET STM-N帧，包含9行，nx(9+261)列。STM-1n＝1，STM-16n＝16，STM-64n＝64。As shown in Figure 19, the SDH/SONET STM-N frame consists of 9 rows and nx (9+261) columns. STM-1n=1, STM-16n=16, STM-64n=64.

其首6xn字节为帧定位FAS序列，包含nx3个OA1字节和nx3个OA2字节，共nx6字节，FAS中的OA1＝0xF6和OA2＝0x28。因此可以使用上述实施例类似的处理方式来处理SDH数据，达到重用以太网物理层和接口的效果。Its first 6xn byte is the frame positioning FAS sequence, which contains nx3 OA1 bytes and nx3 OA2 bytes, a total of nx6 bytes, OA1=0xF6 and OA2=0x28 in the FAS. Therefore, the processing method similar to the above embodiment can be used to process the SDH data to achieve the effect of reusing the Ethernet physical layer and the interface.

SDH、SONET数据流与OTN数据流的不同在于帧结构有所不同，本领域技术人员可以看出帧结构对本发明实施例的实施影响不大，以上介绍的各种实施方式同样适用于此。The difference between the SDH and the SONET data stream and the OTN data stream is that the frame structure is different. Those skilled in the art can see that the frame structure has little effect on the implementation of the embodiment of the present invention. The various embodiments described above are also applicable thereto.

本发明实施例所介绍的方法，通过在TDM数据流中携带以太网帧开始字符和以太网帧结束字符，使得OTN信号可以通过以太网物理层接口进行传输，实现了资源和技术的共享，有利于形成规模效应，降低成本，获得良好的经济效益。同时，因为相应的以太网帧开始字符和以太网帧结束字符在TDM数据流中的位置相对固定，故RS层在接收到TDM数据流后可以直接根据以太网帧开始字符和以太网帧结束字符进行TDM帧定帧处理，而无需先获取原始TDM数据流再根据原始TDM数据流中的FAS等开销进行定帧处理，提升了TDM数据流处理效率，减低了相应的处理时延，节省了***资源。The method introduced in the embodiment of the present invention carries an Ethernet in a TDM data stream The start character of the frame and the end character of the Ethernet frame enable the OTN signal to be transmitted through the Ethernet physical layer interface, which realizes the sharing of resources and technology, is conducive to the formation of scale effect, reduces cost, and obtains good economic benefits. At the same time, because the corresponding Ethernet frame start character and the Ethernet frame end character are relatively fixed in the TDM data stream, the RS layer can directly start the character according to the Ethernet frame and the end of the Ethernet frame after receiving the TDM data stream. The TDM frame framing process is performed without first acquiring the original TDM data stream and then performing framing processing according to the FAS and the like in the original TDM data stream, thereby improving the processing efficiency of the TDM data stream, reducing the corresponding processing delay, and saving the system. Resources.

在接收方向，如图20所示，本发明实施例提供以下处理信号的方法，包括：In the receiving direction, as shown in FIG. 20, the embodiment of the present invention provides the following method for processing a signal, including:

步骤201：接收64B/66B码块。Step 201: Receive a 64B/66B code block.

步骤202：对所述64B/66B码块进行解码得到时分复用TDM数据流，所述TDM数据流的第一预定位置承载了以太网帧开始字符，所述TDM数据流的第二预定位置承载了以太网帧结束字符。Step 202: Decoding the 64B/66B code block to obtain a time division multiplexed TDM data stream, where a first predetermined location of the TDM data stream carries an Ethernet frame start character, and a second predetermined location bearer of the TDM data stream The end of the Ethernet frame.

步骤203：将解码获得的TDM数据流发送给调和子层RS。Step 203: Send the decoded TDM data stream to the harmonic sublayer RS.

步骤204：根据TDM数据流中的以太网开始字符和以太网结束字符确定TDM帧。Step 204: Determine a TDM frame according to an Ethernet start character and an Ethernet end character in the TDM data stream.

可选的，所述TDM数据流为光传送网OTN数据流；所述OTN数据流为由OTN帧组成的数据流，每个OTN帧包括至少一个第一预定位置和至少一个第二预定位置；根据TDM数据流中的以太网开始字符和以太网结束字符确定TDM帧，包括：根据TDM数据流中的以太网开始字符和以太网结束字符进行OTN定帧处理，并将OTN帧中第一预定位置承载的以太网开始字符替换为第一预定字节，将OTN帧中第二预定位置承载的以太网结束字符替换为第二预定字节，从而获得OTN帧。进一步可选的，所述第一预定位置和所述第二预定位置在所述OTN帧中的位置分布情况为以下情况中的一种：所述第一预定位置和所述第二预定位置位于所述OTN帧的帧同步信号FAS开销中，所述第二预定位置位于所述第一预定位置之前；所述第一预定位置位于所述OTN帧的FAS开销中，所述第二预定位置位于所述OTN帧第4行固定填充字段中；所述第一预定位置和所述第二预定位置位于所述OTN帧第4行固定填充字段中，所述第二预定位置位于所述第一预定位置之前。Optionally, the TDM data stream is an optical transport network OTN data stream; the OTN data stream is a data stream consisting of OTN frames, each OTN frame includes at least one first predetermined location and at least one second predetermined location; Determining a TDM frame according to an Ethernet start character and an Ethernet end character in the TDM data stream, including: performing OTN framing processing according to an Ethernet start character and an Ethernet end character in the TDM data stream, and the first predetermined in the OTN frame The Ethernet start character carried by the location is replaced with a first predetermined byte, and the Ethernet end character carried by the second predetermined location in the OTN frame is replaced with a second predetermined byte, thereby obtaining an OTN frame. Further optionally, the location distribution of the first predetermined location and the second predetermined location in the OTN frame is one of the following: the first predetermined location and the second predetermined location are located In the frame synchronization signal FAS overhead of the OTN frame, the second predetermined location is before the first predetermined location; the first predetermined location is located in a FAS overhead of the OTN frame, and the second predetermined location is located The fourth row of the OTN frame is fixed in the padding field; the first predetermined location and the second predetermined location are located in a fixed padding field of the fourth row of the OTN frame, and the second predetermined location is located in the first reservation Before the location.

可选的，所述TDM数据流为光传送网OTN数据流；所述OTN数据流中每个帧周期包括一个OTN帧和8*n个额外字节，n为整数，所述第一预定位置中承载的所述以太网帧开始字符和所述第二预定位置中承载的所述以太网帧结束字符位于所述8*n个额外字节中，所述第二预定位置在所述第一预定位置之前，所述8*n个额外字节在所述OTN帧之前或之后；根据TDM数据流中的以太网开始字符和以太网结束字符确定TDM帧，包括：根据TDM数据流中的以太网开始字符和以太网结束字符进行OTN定帧处理，并去除每个帧周期中的所述8*n个额外字节，从而获得OTN帧。Optionally, the TDM data stream is an optical transport network OTN data stream; each frame period in the OTN data stream includes an OTN frame and 8*n extra bytes, where n is an integer, and the first predetermined position The Ethernet frame start character carried in the host and the Ethernet frame end character carried in the second predetermined position are located in the 8*n extra bytes, and the second predetermined position is in the first Before the predetermined location, the 8*n extra bytes are before or after the OTN frame; determining the TDM frame according to the Ethernet start character and the Ethernet end character in the TDM data stream, including: according to the Ethernet in the TDM data stream The NET start character and the Ethernet end character perform OTN framing processing, and remove the 8*n extra bytes in each frame period to obtain an OTN frame.

具体的，将解码获得的TDM数据流发送给调和子层RS，包括：通过媒质不相关接口MII将TDM数据流发送给所述RS，且通过所述MII接口向所述RS发送时钟信号，以及用于指示所述TDM数据流中控制字节和数据字节的传送控制信号，所述控制字节包括所述以太网帧开始字符和所述以太网帧结束字符。Specifically, sending the decoded TDM data stream to the harmonic sub-layer RS includes: transmitting, by the medium unrelated interface MII, the TDM data stream to the RS, and sending a clock signal to the RS by using the MII interface, and A transfer control signal for indicating a control byte and a data byte in the TDM data stream, the control byte including the Ethernet frame start character and the Ethernet frame end character.

下面将对接收方向的方法进行详细描述。The method of receiving the direction will be described in detail below.

接收64B/66B码块，可以理解为是以太网PCS层从以太网其他层级，如PMA层接收相应的64B/66B码块，也可以理解为PCS层通过PMA、PMD等物理层级接收相应的64B/66B码块，本发明实施例对此不做限制。Receiving the 64B/66B code block, it can be understood that the Ethernet PCS layer receives the corresponding 64B/66B code block from other layers of the Ethernet, such as the PMA layer, and can also be understood that the PCS layer receives the corresponding 64B through the physical layer such as PMA or PMD. The embodiment of the present invention does not limit this.

PCS层对接收到的64B/66B码块进行解码，相应的解码可以根据图4中提供的码块和数据流之间的对应关系进行解码。TDM数据流的第一预定位置承载了以太网帧开始字符，所述TDM数据流的第二预定位置承载了以太网帧结束字符。本领域技术人员可以轻易理解，相应的以太网帧开始字符及以太网帧结束字符可以是发送64B/66B的对端，通过以上发送方向的实施方式中所介绍的方法添加到TDM原始数据流中去的，在此不再赘述。The PCS layer decodes the received 64B/66B code block, and the corresponding decoding can be decoded according to the correspondence between the code block and the data stream provided in FIG. The first predetermined location of the TDM data stream carries an Ethernet frame start character, and the second predetermined location of the TDM data stream carries an Ethernet frame end character. A person skilled in the art can easily understand that the corresponding Ethernet frame start character and the Ethernet frame end character can be the opposite end of the 64B/66B transmission, and are added to the TDM original data stream by the method described in the above transmission direction. Go, no longer repeat them here.

将解码获得TDM数据流发送给RS层，可以通过MII，也可以通过AUI，也可以通过现有的或将来可能出现的其他方式进行传输，本发明实施例对此不做限制。其中，以MII的方式传输相应的TDM数据给RS，其方法和原理与以上发送方向传送的方式一样，在此不再赘述。Send the decoded TDM data stream to the RS layer, either through the MII or Through the AUI, the transmission may also be performed by other means that may be present or may occur in the future, which is not limited by the embodiment of the present invention. The method for transmitting the corresponding TDM data to the RS in the manner of the MII is the same as the method for transmitting in the above sending direction, and details are not described herein again.

因为从MII接口处接收相应的TDM数据流，相应的以太网开始字符/S/以及相应的以太网结束字符/T/就自然而然地确定了。具体的，TXC标识为1的字节即为控制字节，根据具体情况，可以根据表1、表2、表3或表4即可确定相应的/S/和/T/的位置。而/S/和/T/在TDM数据流中的位置是事先约定的，即固定的，也即/S/和/T/的位置与相应的TDM帧存在固定的位置关系，也即/S/和/T/的位置指示了TDM帧的位置，/S/和/T/的具***置可以参见以上发送方向的实施方式中/S/和/T/的位置。所以一旦/S/和/T/的位置确定，相应的TDM帧的位置也就确定了，即确定/S/和/T/的位置后，TDM帧的定帧即可认为就完成了。从另一个角度来看，也可认为TDM帧的定帧处理是可以根据/S/和/T/来完成的，或者根据/S/和/T/在TDM数据流中的位置来完成。Since the corresponding TDM data stream is received from the MII interface, the corresponding Ethernet start character /S/ and the corresponding Ethernet end character /T/ are naturally determined. Specifically, the byte whose TXC flag is 1 is the control byte. According to the specific situation, the corresponding positions of /S/ and /T/ can be determined according to Table 1, Table 2, Table 3 or Table 4. The positions of /S/ and /T/ in the TDM data stream are pre-agreed, that is, fixed, that is, the positions of /S/ and /T/ have a fixed positional relationship with the corresponding TDM frame, that is, /S The positions of / and /T/ indicate the position of the TDM frame, and the specific positions of /S/ and /T/ can be referred to the positions of /S/ and /T/ in the embodiment of the above transmission direction. Therefore, once the positions of /S/ and /T/ are determined, the position of the corresponding TDM frame is determined, that is, after determining the positions of /S/ and /T/, the frame of the TDM frame can be considered complete. From another point of view, it can also be considered that the framing processing of the TDM frame can be done according to /S/ and /T/, or according to the location of /S/ and /T/ in the TDM data stream.

值得注意的是，以上发送方向的实施方式中给出的/S/和/T/的位置在接收方向同样适用的，或者说是配套适用的。It is worth noting that the positions of /S/ and /T/ given in the above embodiment of the transmission direction are equally applicable in the receiving direction, or are applicable.

确定了TDM数据流中TDM帧的位置后，根据/S/和/T/的不同的位置情况，或以预定的固定序列替换相应的/S/和/T/，或去除包含/S/和/或/T/的额外字节，即可获得相应的各个TDM帧，从而恢复出原始的TDM数据流。对于发送方向，无需对TDM数据流进行处理以太网即可识别/S/和/T/的情况，只需根据/S/和/T/的位置对TDM帧进行定帧即可，而无需进行其他额外操作。After determining the location of the TDM frame in the TDM data stream, replace the corresponding /S/ and /T/ according to a different fixed position sequence of /S/ and /T/, or remove the inclusion of /S/ and / or /T / extra bytes, you can get the corresponding TDM frame, thus recovering the original TDM data stream. For the transmission direction, it is not necessary to process the TDM data stream to identify the /S/ and /T/, and it is only necessary to frame the TDM frame according to the position of /S/ and /T/ without Other extra operations.

可选的，TDM定帧处理，及用固定序列替换/S/和/T/或去除额外字节，这两者的动作的时间顺序本发明实施例不作限制。可以先根据/S/和/T/进行TDM定帧，再用固定序列替换/S/和/T/或去除额外字节，也可以先根据/S/和/T/用固定序列替换/S/和/T/或去除额外字节。可选的，还可只用固定序列替换/S/和/T/或去除额外字节，而不进行TDM定帧处理，而将恢复的TDM原始数据流输往其他功能模块进行TDM 帧定帧及后续处理。Optionally, the TDM framing process, and replacing the /S/ and /T/ with a fixed sequence or removing the extra bytes, the time sequence of the actions of the two is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention. You can first TDM framing according to /S/ and /T/, then replace /S/ and /T/ with a fixed sequence or remove extra bytes, or you can replace /S with a fixed sequence according to /S/ and /T/ / and /T/ or remove extra bytes. Alternatively, it is also possible to replace /S/ and /T/ with only a fixed sequence or remove extra bytes without TDM framing, and to transfer the recovered TDM raw data stream to other functional modules for TDM. Frame framing and subsequent processing.

本发明实施例所介绍的方法，通过在TDM数据流中携带以太网帧开始字符和以太网帧结束字符，使得OTN信号可以通过以太网物理层接口进行传输，实现了资源和技术的共享，有利于形成规模效应，降低成本，获得良好的经济效益。同时，因为相应的以太网帧开始字符和以太网帧结束字符在TDM数据流中的位置相对固定，故RS层在接收到TDM数据流后可以直接根据以太网帧开始字符和以太网帧结束字符进行TDM帧定帧处理，而无需先获取原始TDM数据流再根据原始TDM数据流中的FAS等开销进行定帧处理，提升了TDM数据流处理效率，减低了相应的处理时延，节省了***资源。The method introduced in the embodiment of the present invention enables the OTN signal to be transmitted through the Ethernet physical layer interface by carrying the Ethernet frame start character and the Ethernet frame end character in the TDM data stream, thereby realizing the sharing of resources and technologies. Conducive to the formation of scale effects, reduce costs, and obtain good economic benefits. At the same time, because the corresponding Ethernet frame start character and the Ethernet frame end character are relatively fixed in the TDM data stream, the RS layer can directly start the character according to the Ethernet frame and the end of the Ethernet frame after receiving the TDM data stream. The TDM frame framing process is performed without first acquiring the original TDM data stream and then performing framing processing according to the FAS and the like in the original TDM data stream, thereby improving the processing efficiency of the TDM data stream, reducing the corresponding processing delay, and saving the system. Resources.

本发明实施例还提供相应的通信设备。本领域技术人员可以理解，本发明实施例中介绍的通信设备用于执行本发明实施例中提供的方法，本发明实施例中介绍的方法可以利用本发明实施例中提供的通信设备执行。通信设备与方法相辅相成，在方法实施方式中的说明同样适用于通信设备，而对于通信设备的描述也同样适用于相应的方法，相应的方法实施方式中的技术手段可以被结合于通信设备中，相应的设备实施方式中的技术手段可以被结合于相应的方法中。Embodiments of the present invention also provide corresponding communication devices. A person skilled in the art can understand that the communication device introduced in the embodiment of the present invention is used to perform the method provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and the method introduced in the embodiment of the present invention can be performed by using the communication device provided in the embodiment of the present invention. The communication device and the method are complementary to each other, and the description in the method embodiment is also applicable to the communication device, and the description of the communication device is also applicable to the corresponding method, and the technical means in the corresponding method embodiment can be combined in the communication device. The technical means in the corresponding device embodiments can be combined in the corresponding method.

如图21所示，本发明实施例提供的通信设备包括：处理单元，用于对TDM原始数据流进行处理，所述处理所获得的TDM数据流的第一预定位置承载了以太网帧开始字符，所述TDM数据流的第二预定位置承载了以太网帧结束字符；对所述TDM数据流进行64B/66B编码；发送单元，用于发送所述64B/66B编码所获得的64B/66B码块。As shown in FIG. 21, the communications device provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: a processing unit, configured to process a TDM original data stream, where the first predetermined location of the TDM data stream obtained by the processing carries an Ethernet frame start character a second predetermined location of the TDM data stream carries an Ethernet frame end character; 64B/66B encoding the TDM data stream; and a sending unit, configured to send the 64B/66B code obtained by the 64B/66B encoding Piece.

可选的，所述TDM数据流为光传送网OTN数据流；所述OTN数据流为由OTN帧组成的数据流，所述第一预定位置和所述第二预定位置位于OTN帧中；所述对TDM原始数据流进行处理，包括，将TDM原始数据流中所述第一预定位置中承载的预定字节替换为所述以太网帧开始字符，将所述第二预定位置中承载的预定字节替换为所述以太网结束字符。进一步可选的，所述第一预定位置和所述第二预定位置在OTN帧中的位置分布情况为以下情况中的一种：所述第一预定位置和所述第二预定位置位于所述OTN帧的帧同步信号FAS开销中，所述第二预定位置位于所述第一预定位置之前；所述第一预定位置位于所述OTN帧的FAS开销中，所述第二预定位置位于所述OTN帧第4行固定填充字段中；和，所述第一预定位置和所述第二预定位置位于所述OTN帧第4行固定填充字段中，所述第二预定位置位于所述第一预定位置之前。Optionally, the TDM data stream is an optical transport network OTN data stream; the OTN data stream is a data stream composed of OTN frames, where the first predetermined location and the second predetermined location are located in an OTN frame; Processing the TDM original data stream, comprising: replacing a predetermined byte carried in the first predetermined location in the TDM original data stream with the Ethernet frame start character, and scheduling the bearer in the second predetermined location The byte is replaced with the Ethernet end character. Further optionally, the first predetermined position and the second The position distribution of the predetermined location in the OTN frame is one of the following: the first predetermined location and the second predetermined location are located in a frame synchronization signal FAS overhead of the OTN frame, the second predetermined location Located before the first predetermined location; the first predetermined location is located in a FAS overhead of the OTN frame, and the second predetermined location is located in a fixed padding field of a fourth row of the OTN frame; and, the first The predetermined location and the second predetermined location are located in a fixed padding field of row 4 of the OTN frame, the second predetermined location being located before the first predetermined location.

可选的，所述TDM数据流为OTN数据流；所述OTN数据流中每个帧周期包括一个OTN帧和8*n个额外字节，n为整数，所述第一预定位置中承载的所述以太网帧开始字符和所述第二预定位置中承载的所述以太网帧结束字符位于所述8*n个额外字节中，所述第二预定位置在所述第一预定位置之前，所述8*n个额外字节在所述OTN帧之前或之后；所述对TDM原始数据流进行处理，包括，在TDM原始数据流的每个帧周期添加所述8*n个额外字节。Optionally, the TDM data stream is an OTN data stream; each frame period in the OTN data stream includes one OTN frame and 8*n extra bytes, where n is an integer, and the first predetermined position is carried. The Ethernet frame start character and the Ethernet frame end character carried in the second predetermined position are located in the 8*n extra bytes, and the second predetermined position is before the first predetermined position And the 8*n extra bytes are before or after the OTN frame; the processing the TDM original data stream, including adding the 8*n extra words in each frame period of the TDM original data stream Section.

可选的，所述处理单元包括：调和子层RS，用于对所述TDM原始数据流进行处理；物理编码子层PCS，用于对所述TDM数据流进行64B/66B编码；媒质不相关接口MII，用于将所述TDM数据流从所述RS传送至所述PCS；所述将所述TDM数据流从所述RS传送至所述PCS层，包括：通过媒质不相关接口MII将TDM数据流发送给所述PCS，且通过所述MII接口向所述PCS发送时钟信号，以及用于指示所述TDM数据流中控制字节和数据字节的传送控制信号，所述控制字节包括所述以太网帧开始字符和所述以太网帧结束字符。Optionally, the processing unit includes: a harmonic sub-layer RS for processing the TDM original data stream; and a physical coding sub-layer PCS for performing 64B/66B encoding on the TDM data stream; the medium is not correlated An interface MII, configured to: transfer the TDM data stream from the RS to the PCS; and transmit the TDM data stream from the RS to the PCS layer, including: TDM through a media unrelated interface MII Transmitting a data stream to the PCS, and transmitting a clock signal to the PCS through the MII interface, and a transmission control signal for indicating a control byte and a data byte in the TDM data stream, the control byte including The Ethernet frame start character and the Ethernet frame end character.

具体的，相应的处理单元可以是ASIC、FPGA或CPU等器件，也可以是两个或多个ASIC、FPGA或CPU等器件的组合。相应的ASIC、FPGA、CPU等器件中包括系列可执行的指令，当这些指令被执行时会促使相应的ASIC、FPGA或CPU执行相应的功能，或者说执行相应的方法。相应的指令可以被存储于存储介质中或者固化在相应的ASIC或FPGA中。Specifically, the corresponding processing unit may be a device such as an ASIC, an FPGA, or a CPU, or may be a combination of two or more devices such as an ASIC, an FPGA, or a CPU. The corresponding ASIC, FPGA, CPU, etc. devices include a series of executable instructions that, when executed, cause the corresponding ASIC, FPGA or CPU to perform the corresponding function, or to execute the corresponding method. Corresponding instructions can be stored in a storage medium or cured in a corresponding ASIC or FPGA.

具体的，相应的发送单元，可以是指与处理单元连接的具有发送信号流功能的接口，也可以指集成了PMA、PMD及发送器的功能模块，可选的，还可以包括FEC功能模块。相应的PMA、PMD及FEC功能可以集成于一个或多个ASIC、FPGA或CPU中。Specifically, the corresponding sending unit may be an interface with a function of transmitting a signal stream connected to the processing unit, or a function module integrating the PMA, the PMD, and the transmitter. The block, optionally, may also include an FEC function module. The corresponding PMA, PMD, and FEC functions can be integrated into one or more ASICs, FPGAs, or CPUs.

如图22所示，本发明实施例又提供一种通信设备，包括：接收单元，用于接收64B/66B码块；处理单元，用于对所述64B/66B码块进行解码得到时分复用TDM数据流，所述TDM数据流的第一预定位置承载了以太网帧开始字符，所述TDM数据流的第二预定位置承载了以太网帧结束字符；根据所述TDM数据流中的以太网开始字符和以太网结束字符确定TDM帧。As shown in FIG. 22, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a communication device, including: a receiving unit, configured to receive a 64B/66B code block; and a processing unit, configured to decode the 64B/66B code block to obtain time division multiplexing. a TDM data stream, the first predetermined location of the TDM data stream carries an Ethernet frame start character, and the second predetermined location of the TDM data stream carries an Ethernet frame end character; according to the Ethernet in the TDM data stream The start character and the Ethernet end character determine the TDM frame.

可选的，所述TDM数据流为光传送网OTN数据流；所述OTN数据流为由OTN帧组成的数据流，每个OTN帧包括至少一个第一预定位置和至少一个第二预定位置；所述根据TDM数据流中的以太网开始字符和以太网结束字符确定TDM帧，包括：根据TDM数据流中的以太网开始字符和以太网结束字符进行OTN定帧处理，并将OTN帧中第一预定位置承载的以太网开始字符替换为第一预定字节，将OTN帧中第二预定位置承载的以太网结束字符替换为第二预定字节，从而获得OTN帧。进一步可选的，所述第一预定位置和所述第二预定位置在所述OTN帧中的位置分布情况为以下情况中的一种：所述第一预定位置和所述第二预定位置位于所述OTN帧的帧同步信号FAS开销中，所述第二预定位置位于所述第一预定位置之前；所述第一预定位置位于所述OTN帧的FAS开销中，所述第二预定位置位于所述OTN帧第4行固定填充字段中；所述第一预定位置和所述第二预定位置位于所述OTN帧第4行固定填充字段中，所述第二预定位置位于所述第一预定位置之前。Optionally, the TDM data stream is an optical transport network OTN data stream; the OTN data stream is a data stream consisting of OTN frames, each OTN frame includes at least one first predetermined location and at least one second predetermined location; Determining the TDM frame according to the Ethernet start character and the Ethernet end character in the TDM data stream, including: performing OTN framing processing according to the Ethernet start character and the Ethernet end character in the TDM data stream, and the OTN frame The Ethernet start character carried by a predetermined location is replaced with a first predetermined byte, and the Ethernet end character carried by the second predetermined location in the OTN frame is replaced with a second predetermined byte, thereby obtaining an OTN frame. Further optionally, the location distribution of the first predetermined location and the second predetermined location in the OTN frame is one of the following: the first predetermined location and the second predetermined location are located In the frame synchronization signal FAS overhead of the OTN frame, the second predetermined location is before the first predetermined location; the first predetermined location is located in a FAS overhead of the OTN frame, and the second predetermined location is located The fourth row of the OTN frame is fixed in the padding field; the first predetermined location and the second predetermined location are located in a fixed padding field of the fourth row of the OTN frame, and the second predetermined location is located in the first reservation Before the location.

可选的，所述TDM数据流为光传送网OTN数据流；所述OTN数据流中每个帧周期包括一个OTN帧和8*n个额外字节，n为整数，所述第一预定位置中承载的所述以太网帧开始字符和所述第二预定位置中承载的所述以太网帧结束字符位于所述8*n个额外字节中，所述第二预定位置在所述第一预定位置之前，所述8*n个额外字节在所述OTN帧之前或之后；根据TDM数据流中的以太网开始字符和以太网结束字符确定TDM帧，包括：根据TDM数据流中的以太网开始字符和以太网结束字符进行OTN定帧处理，并去除每个帧周期中的所述8*n个额外字节，从而获得OTN帧。Optionally, the TDM data stream is an optical transport network OTN data stream; each frame period in the OTN data stream includes an OTN frame and 8*n extra bytes, where n is an integer, and the first predetermined position The Ethernet frame start character carried in the host and the Ethernet frame end character carried in the second predetermined position are located in the 8*n extra bytes, and the second predetermined position is in the first Before the predetermined location, the 8*n extra bytes are before or after the OTN frame; according to the Ethernet start character in the TDM data stream and The ending end character determines the TDM frame, including: performing OTN framing processing according to the Ethernet start character and the Ethernet end character in the TDM data stream, and removing the 8*n extra bytes in each frame period, thereby Obtain an OTN frame.

可选的，所述处理单元包括：物理编码子层PCS，用于对所述64B/66B码块进行解码得到时分复用TDM数据流；调和子层RS，用于根据所述TDM数据流中的以太网开始字符和以太网结束字符确定TDM帧；媒质不相关接口MII，用于将所述TDM数据流从所述PCS传送至所述RS；所述将所述TDM数据流从所述PCS传送至所述RS，包括：通过媒质不相关接口MII将TDM数据流发送给所述RS，且通过所述MII接口向所述RS发送时钟信号，以及用于指示所述TDM数据流中控制字节和数据字节的传送控制信号，所述控制字节包括所述以太网帧开始字符和所述以太网帧结束字符。Optionally, the processing unit includes: a physical coding sublayer PCS, configured to decode the 64B/66B code block to obtain a time division multiplexed TDM data stream; and a harmonic sublayer RS, configured to be used according to the TDM data stream. Ethernet start character and Ethernet end character determine TDM frame; media unrelated interface MII for transmitting the TDM data stream from the PCS to the RS; the TDM data stream from the PCS Transmitting to the RS includes: transmitting a TDM data stream to the RS through a media unrelated interface MII, and transmitting a clock signal to the RS through the MII interface, and indicating a control word in the TDM data stream And a data byte transmission control signal, the control byte including the Ethernet frame start character and the Ethernet frame end character.

具体的，相应的接收单元，可以是指与处理单元连接的具有接收信号流功能的接口，也可以指集成了PMA、PMD及接收器的功能模块，可选的，还可以包括FEC功能模块。相应的PMA、PMD及FEC功能可以集成于一个或多个ASIC、FPGA或CPU中。Specifically, the corresponding receiving unit may be an interface having a function of receiving a signal stream connected to the processing unit, or a function module integrating the PMA, the PMD, and the receiver, and optionally, an FEC function module. The corresponding PMA, PMD, and FEC functions can be integrated into one or more ASICs, FPGAs, or CPUs.

本发明实施例提供一种通信***，该***包括以上发送方向的通信设备和接收方向的通信设备。该***可以是集成了发送方向的通信设备和接收方向的通信设备相应功能的装置，也可以是指分别具有发送方向的通信设备的功能的装置和具有接收方向通信设备相应功能的装置。Embodiments of the present invention provide a communication system including a communication device in a sending direction and a communication device in a receiving direction. The system may be a device that integrates the communication device of the transmission direction and the corresponding function of the communication device in the reception direction, or may refer to a device having a function of a communication device having a transmission direction and a device having a corresponding function of the communication device at the reception direction.

本发明实施例所介绍的通信设备及***，通过在TDM数据流中携带以太网帧开始字符和以太网帧结束字符，使得OTN信号可以通过以太网物理层接口进行传输，实现了资源和技术的共享，有利于形成规模效应，降低成本，获得良好的经济效益。同时，因为相应的以太网帧开始字符和以太网帧结束字符在TDM数据流中的位置相对固定，故RS层在接收到TDM数据流后可以直接根据以太网帧开始字符和以太网帧结束字符进行TDM帧定帧处理，而无需先获取原始TDM数据流再根据原始TDM数据流中的FAS等开销进行定帧处理，提升了TDM数据流处理效率，减低了相应的处理时延，节省了***资源。The communication device and system introduced in the embodiments of the present invention are in a TDM data stream. Carrying the Ethernet frame start character and the Ethernet frame end character, so that the OTN signal can be transmitted through the Ethernet physical layer interface, realizing the sharing of resources and technology, facilitating the formation of scale effect, reducing cost, and obtaining good economic benefits. At the same time, because the corresponding Ethernet frame start character and the Ethernet frame end character are relatively fixed in the TDM data stream, the RS layer can directly start the character according to the Ethernet frame and the end of the Ethernet frame after receiving the TDM data stream. The TDM frame framing process is performed without first acquiring the original TDM data stream and then performing framing processing according to the FAS and the like in the original TDM data stream, thereby improving the processing efficiency of the TDM data stream, reducing the corresponding processing delay, and saving the system. Resources.

本领保护域普通技术人员可以理解：实现上述方法实施例的全部或部分步骤可以通过程序指令相关的硬件来完成，前述的程序可以存储于一计算机可读取存储介质中，该程序在执行时，执行包括上述方法实施例的步骤；而前述的存储介质包括：ROM、RAM、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。A person skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the steps of implementing the foregoing method embodiments may be completed by using hardware related to program instructions, and the foregoing program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. The steps of the foregoing method embodiments are performed; and the foregoing storage medium includes various media that can store program codes, such as a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领保护域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。 It should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to be limiting; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary The technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or substitutions do not deviate from the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. The scope.

Claims

一种处理时分复用TDM数据流的方法，其特征在于：A method for processing a time division multiplexed TDM data stream, characterized by:

将TDM数据流发送给物理编码子层PCS，所述TDM数据流的第一预定位置承载了以太网帧开始字符，所述TDM数据流的第二预定位置承载了以太网帧结束字符；Transmitting the TDM data stream to the physical coding sublayer PCS, where the first predetermined location of the TDM data stream carries an Ethernet frame start character, and the second predetermined location of the TDM data stream carries an Ethernet frame end character;

对所述TDM数据流进行64B/66B编码；Performing 64B/66B encoding on the TDM data stream;

发送所述64B/66B编码所获得的64B/66B码块。The 64B/66B code block obtained by the 64B/66B encoding is transmitted.
根据权利要求1所述方法，其特征在于：The method of claim 1 wherein:

所述TDM数据流为光传送网OTN数据流；The TDM data stream is an optical transport network OTN data stream;

所述OTN数据流为由OTN帧组成的数据流，所述第一预定位置和所述第二预定位置位于OTN帧中；The OTN data stream is a data stream composed of OTN frames, and the first predetermined location and the second predetermined location are located in an OTN frame;

在将TDM数据流发送给所述PCS之前，所述方法还包括，将所述第一预定位置中承载的预定字节替换为所述以太网帧开始字符，将所述第二预定位置中承载的预定字节替换为所述以太网结束字符。Before transmitting the TDM data stream to the PCS, the method further includes replacing a predetermined byte carried in the first predetermined location with the Ethernet frame start character, and carrying the second predetermined location The predetermined byte is replaced with the Ethernet end character.
根据权利要求2所述方法，其特征在于，所述第一预定位置和所述第二预定位置在OTN帧中的位置分布情况为以下情况中的一种：The method according to claim 2, wherein the position distribution of said first predetermined location and said second predetermined location in an OTN frame is one of the following:

所述第一预定位置和所述第二预定位置位于所述OTN帧的帧同步信号FAS开销中，所述第二预定位置位于所述第一预定位置之前；The first predetermined location and the second predetermined location are located in a frame synchronization signal FAS overhead of the OTN frame, and the second predetermined location is located before the first predetermined location;

所述第一预定位置位于所述OTN帧的FAS开销中，所述第二预定位置位于所述OTN帧第4行固定填充字段中；和The first predetermined location is located in a FAS overhead of the OTN frame, and the second predetermined location is located in a fixed padding field of the 4th row of the OTN frame;

所述第一预定位置和所述第二预定位置位于所述OTN帧第4行固定填充字段中，所述第二预定位置位于所述第一预定位置之前。The first predetermined location and the second predetermined location are located in a fixed padding field of the fourth row of the OTN frame, the second predetermined location being located before the first predetermined location.
根据权利要求1所述方法，其特征在于：The method of claim 1 wherein:

所述TDM数据流为OTN数据流；The TDM data stream is an OTN data stream;

所述OTN数据流中每个帧周期包括一个OTN帧和8*n个额外字节，n为整数，所述第一预定位置中承载的所述以太网帧开始字符和所述第二预定位置中承载的所述以太网帧结束字符位于所述8*n个额外字节中，所述第二预定位置在所述第一预定位置之前，所述8*n个额外字节在所述OTN帧之前或之后； Each frame period in the OTN data stream includes an OTN frame and 8*n extra bytes, n being an integer, the Ethernet frame start character and the second predetermined position carried in the first predetermined location The Ethernet frame end character carried in the middle is located in the 8*n extra bytes, the second predetermined position is before the first predetermined position, and the 8*n extra bytes are in the OTN Before or after the frame;

在将TDM数据流发送给所述PCS之前，所述方法还包括，在每个帧周期添加所述8*n个额外字节。Before transmitting the TDM data stream to the PCS, the method further includes adding the 8*n extra bytes in each frame period.
根据权利要求1至4任意一项所述方法，其特征在于，所述将TDM数据流发送给物理编码子层PCS，包括：The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the transmitting the TDM data stream to the physical coding sublayer PCS comprises:

通过媒质不相关接口MII将TDM数据流发送给所述PCS，且通过所述MII接口向所述PCS发送时钟信号，以及用于指示所述TDM数据流中控制字节和数据字节的传送控制信号，所述控制字节包括所述以太网帧开始字符和所述以太网帧结束字符。Transmitting a TDM data stream to the PCS through a medium uncorrelated interface MII, and transmitting a clock signal to the PCS through the MII interface, and indicating transmission control of control bytes and data bytes in the TDM data stream Signal, the control byte including the Ethernet frame start character and the Ethernet frame end character.
一种处理信号的方法，其特征在于；A method of processing a signal, characterized in that

接收64B/66B码块；Receiving a 64B/66B code block;

对所述64B/66B码块进行解码得到时分复用TDM数据流，所述TDM数据流的第一预定位置承载了以太网帧开始字符，所述TDM数据流的第二预定位置承载了以太网帧结束字符；Decoding the 64B/66B code block to obtain a time division multiplexed TDM data stream, where a first predetermined location of the TDM data stream carries an Ethernet frame start character, and a second predetermined location of the TDM data stream carries an Ethernet End of frame character

将解码获得的TDM数据流发送给调和子层RS；Transmitting the obtained TDM data stream to the harmonic sublayer RS;

根据TDM数据流中的以太网开始字符和以太网结束字符确定TDM帧。The TDM frame is determined based on the Ethernet start character and the Ethernet end character in the TDM data stream.
根据权利要求6所述方法，其特征在于：The method of claim 6 wherein:

所述TDM数据流为光传送网OTN数据流；The TDM data stream is an optical transport network OTN data stream;

所述OTN数据流为由OTN帧组成的数据流，每个OTN帧包括至少一个第一预定位置和至少一个第二预定位置；The OTN data stream is a data stream composed of OTN frames, each OTN frame including at least one first predetermined location and at least one second predetermined location;

根据TDM数据流中的以太网开始字符和以太网结束字符确定TDM帧，包括：Determining TDM frames based on Ethernet start characters and Ethernet end characters in the TDM data stream, including:

根据TDM数据流中的以太网开始字符和以太网结束字符进行OTN定帧处理，并将OTN帧中第一预定位置承载的以太网开始字符替换为第一预定字节，将OTN帧中第二预定位置承载的以太网结束字符替换为第二预定字节，从而获得OTN帧。Perform OTN framing processing according to the Ethernet start character and the Ethernet end character in the TDM data stream, and replace the Ethernet start character carried in the first predetermined position in the OTN frame with the first predetermined byte, and the second in the OTN frame. The Ethernet end character carried by the predetermined location is replaced with a second predetermined byte, thereby obtaining an OTN frame.
根据权利要求7所述方法，其特征在于，所述第一预定位置和所述第二预定位置在所述OTN帧中的位置分布情况为以下情况中的一种：The method according to claim 7, wherein the position distribution of said first predetermined location and said second predetermined location in said OTN frame is one of the following:

所述第一预定位置和所述第二预定位置位于所述OTN帧的帧同步信号FAS开销中，所述第二预定位置位于所述第一预定位置之前；The first predetermined location and the second predetermined location are located in a frame of the OTN frame In the step signal FAS overhead, the second predetermined position is located before the first predetermined position;

所述第一预定位置位于所述OTN帧的FAS开销中，所述第二预定位置位于所述OTN帧第4行固定填充字段中；The first predetermined location is located in a FAS overhead of the OTN frame, and the second predetermined location is located in a fixed padding field of a fourth row of the OTN frame;

所述第一预定位置和所述第二预定位置位于所述OTN帧第4行固定填充字段中，所述第二预定位置位于所述第一预定位置之前。The first predetermined location and the second predetermined location are located in a fixed padding field of the fourth row of the OTN frame, the second predetermined location being located before the first predetermined location.
根据权利要求6所述方法，其特征在于：The method of claim 6 wherein:

所述TDM数据流为光传送网OTN数据流；The TDM data stream is an optical transport network OTN data stream;

所述OTN数据流中每个帧周期包括一个OTN帧和8*n个额外字节，n为整数，所述第一预定位置中承载的所述以太网帧开始字符和所述第二预定位置中承载的所述以太网帧结束字符位于所述8*n个额外字节中，所述第二预定位置在所述第一预定位置之前，所述8*n个额外字节在所述OTN帧之前或之后；Each frame period in the OTN data stream includes an OTN frame and 8*n extra bytes, n being an integer, the Ethernet frame start character and the second predetermined position carried in the first predetermined location The Ethernet frame end character carried in the middle is located in the 8*n extra bytes, the second predetermined position is before the first predetermined position, and the 8*n extra bytes are in the OTN Before or after the frame;

根据TDM数据流中的以太网开始字符和以太网结束字符确定TDM帧，包括：Determining TDM frames based on Ethernet start characters and Ethernet end characters in the TDM data stream, including:

根据TDM数据流中的以太网开始字符和以太网结束字符进行OTN定帧处理，并去除每个帧周期中的所述8*n个额外字节，从而获得OTN帧。The OTN framing process is performed according to the Ethernet start character and the Ethernet end character in the TDM data stream, and the 8*n extra bytes in each frame period are removed, thereby obtaining an OTN frame.
根据权利要求6至9任意一项所述方法，其特征在于，将解码获得的TDM数据流发送给调和子层RS，包括：The method according to any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein the decoding of the obtained TDM data stream to the harmonic sublayer RS comprises:

通过媒质不相关接口MII将TDM数据流发送给所述RS，且通过所述MII接口向所述RS发送时钟信号，以及用于指示所述TDM数据流中控制字节和数据字节的传送控制信号，所述控制字节包括所述以太网帧开始字符和所述以太网帧结束字符。Transmitting a TDM data stream to the RS through a medium uncorrelated interface MII, and transmitting a clock signal to the RS through the MII interface, and indicating a transmission control of a control byte and a data byte in the TDM data stream Signal, the control byte including the Ethernet frame start character and the Ethernet frame end character.
一种通信设备，其特征在于，所述通信设备包括：A communication device, characterized in that the communication device comprises:

处理单元，用于对TDM原始数据流进行处理，所述处理所获得的TDM数据流的第一预定位置承载了以太网帧开始字符，所述TDM数据流的第二预定位置承载了以太网帧结束字符；对所述TDM数据流进行64B/66B编码；a processing unit, configured to process the TDM original data stream, where the first predetermined location of the TDM data stream obtained by the processing carries an Ethernet frame start character, and the second predetermined location of the TDM data stream carries an Ethernet frame End character; 64B/66B encoding of the TDM data stream;

发送单元，用于发送所述64B/66B编码所获得的64B/66B码块。And a sending unit, configured to send the 64B/66B code block obtained by the 64B/66B encoding.
根据权利要求11所述通信设备，其特征在于： The communication device of claim 11 wherein:

所述TDM数据流为光传送网OTN数据流；The TDM data stream is an optical transport network OTN data stream;

所述OTN数据流为由OTN帧组成的数据流，所述第一预定位置和所述第二预定位置位于OTN帧中；The OTN data stream is a data stream composed of OTN frames, and the first predetermined location and the second predetermined location are located in an OTN frame;

所述对TDM原始数据流进行处理，包括，将TDM原始数据流中所述第一预定位置中承载的预定字节替换为所述以太网帧开始字符，将所述第二预定位置中承载的预定字节替换为所述以太网结束字符。Processing the TDM original data stream, comprising: replacing a predetermined byte carried in the first predetermined location in the TDM original data stream with the Ethernet frame start character, and carrying the second predetermined location The predetermined byte is replaced with the Ethernet end character.
根据权利要求12所述通信设备，其特征在于，所述第一预定位置和所述第二预定位置在OTN帧中的位置分布情况为以下情况中的一种：The communication device according to claim 12, characterized in that the position distribution of said first predetermined location and said second predetermined location in an OTN frame is one of the following:

所述第一预定位置和所述第二预定位置位于所述OTN帧的帧同步信号FAS开销中，所述第二预定位置位于所述第一预定位置之前；The first predetermined location and the second predetermined location are located in a frame synchronization signal FAS overhead of the OTN frame, and the second predetermined location is located before the first predetermined location;

所述第一预定位置位于所述OTN帧的FAS开销中，所述第二预定位置位于所述OTN帧第4行固定填充字段中；和The first predetermined location is located in a FAS overhead of the OTN frame, and the second predetermined location is located in a fixed padding field of the 4th row of the OTN frame;

所述第一预定位置和所述第二预定位置位于所述OTN帧第4行固定填充字段中，所述第二预定位置位于所述第一预定位置之前。The first predetermined location and the second predetermined location are located in a fixed padding field of the fourth row of the OTN frame, the second predetermined location being located before the first predetermined location.
根据权利要求11所述通信设备，其特征在于：The communication device of claim 11 wherein:

所述TDM数据流为OTN数据流；The TDM data stream is an OTN data stream;

所述OTN数据流中每个帧周期包括一个OTN帧和8*n个额外字节，n为整数，所述第一预定位置中承载的所述以太网帧开始字符和所述第二预定位置中承载的所述以太网帧结束字符位于所述8*n个额外字节中，所述第二预定位置在所述第一预定位置之前，所述8*n个额外字节在所述OTN帧之前或之后；Each frame period in the OTN data stream includes an OTN frame and 8*n extra bytes, n being an integer, the Ethernet frame start character and the second predetermined position carried in the first predetermined location The Ethernet frame end character carried in the middle is located in the 8*n extra bytes, the second predetermined position is before the first predetermined position, and the 8*n extra bytes are in the OTN Before or after the frame;

所述对TDM原始数据流进行处理，包括，在TDM原始数据流的每个帧周期添加所述8*n个额外字节。The processing of the TDM raw data stream includes adding the 8*n extra bytes in each frame period of the TDM original data stream.
根据权利要求11至14任意一项所述通信装置，其特征在于，所述处理单元包括：The communication device according to any one of claims 11 to 14, wherein the processing unit comprises:

调和子层RS，用于对所述TDM原始数据流进行处理；Reconciling the sub-layer RS for processing the TDM original data stream;

物理编码子层PCS，用于对所述TDM数据流进行64B/66B编码；a physical coding sublayer PCS, configured to perform 64B/66B encoding on the TDM data stream;

媒质不相关接口MII，用于将所述TDM数据流从所述RS传送至所述PCS；a media unrelated interface MII for transmitting the TDM data stream from the RS To the PCS;

所述将所述TDM数据流从所述RS传送至所述PCS层，包括：The transmitting the TDM data stream from the RS to the PCS layer includes:

通过媒质不相关接口MII将TDM数据流发送给所述PCS，且通过所述MII接口向所述PCS发送时钟信号，以及用于指示所述TDM数据流中控制字节和数据字节的传送控制信号，所述控制字节包括所述以太网帧开始字符和所述以太网帧结束字符。Transmitting a TDM data stream to the PCS through a medium uncorrelated interface MII, and transmitting a clock signal to the PCS through the MII interface, and indicating transmission control of control bytes and data bytes in the TDM data stream Signal, the control byte including the Ethernet frame start character and the Ethernet frame end character.
一种通信设备，其特征在于，所述通信设备包括：A communication device, characterized in that the communication device comprises:

接收单元，用于接收64B/66B码块；a receiving unit, configured to receive a 64B/66B code block;

处理单元，用于对所述64B/66B码块进行解码得到时分复用TDM数据流，所述TDM数据流的第一预定位置承载了以太网帧开始字符，所述TDM数据流的第二预定位置承载了以太网帧结束字符；根据所述TDM数据流中的以太网开始字符和以太网结束字符确定TDM帧。a processing unit, configured to decode the 64B/66B code block to obtain a time division multiplexed TDM data stream, where a first predetermined location of the TDM data stream carries an Ethernet frame start character, and a second reservation of the TDM data stream The location carries the Ethernet frame end character; the TDM frame is determined according to the Ethernet start character and the Ethernet end character in the TDM data stream.
根据权利要求16所述通信设备，其特征在于：A communication device according to claim 16 wherein:

所述TDM数据流为光传送网OTN数据流；The TDM data stream is an optical transport network OTN data stream;

所述OTN数据流为由OTN帧组成的数据流，每个OTN帧包括至少一个第一预定位置和至少一个第二预定位置；The OTN data stream is a data stream composed of OTN frames, each OTN frame including at least one first predetermined location and at least one second predetermined location;

所述根据TDM数据流中的以太网开始字符和以太网结束字符确定TDM帧，包括：Determining the TDM frame according to the Ethernet start character and the Ethernet end character in the TDM data stream, including:

根据TDM数据流中的以太网开始字符和以太网结束字符进行OTN定帧处理，并将OTN帧中第一预定位置承载的以太网开始字符替换为第一预定字节，将OTN帧中第二预定位置承载的以太网结束字符替换为第二预定字节，从而获得OTN帧。Perform OTN framing processing according to the Ethernet start character and the Ethernet end character in the TDM data stream, and replace the Ethernet start character carried in the first predetermined position in the OTN frame with the first predetermined byte, and the second in the OTN frame. The Ethernet end character carried by the predetermined location is replaced with a second predetermined byte, thereby obtaining an OTN frame.
根据权利要求17所述通信设备，其特征在于，所述第一预定位置和所述第二预定位置在所述OTN帧中的位置分布情况为以下情况中的一种：The communication device according to claim 17, wherein the position distribution of said first predetermined location and said second predetermined location in said OTN frame is one of the following:

所述第一预定位置和所述第二预定位置位于所述OTN帧的帧同步信号FAS开销中，所述第二预定位置位于所述第一预定位置之前；The first predetermined location and the second predetermined location are located in a frame synchronization signal FAS overhead of the OTN frame, and the second predetermined location is located before the first predetermined location;

所述第一预定位置位于所述OTN帧的FAS开销中，所述第二预定位置位于所述OTN帧第4行固定填充字段中； The first predetermined location is located in a FAS overhead of the OTN frame, and the second predetermined location is located in a fixed padding field of a fourth row of the OTN frame;

所述第一预定位置和所述第二预定位置位于所述OTN帧第4行固定填充字段中，所述第二预定位置位于所述第一预定位置之前。The first predetermined location and the second predetermined location are located in a fixed padding field of the fourth row of the OTN frame, the second predetermined location being located before the first predetermined location.
根据权利要求16所述通信设备，其特征在于：A communication device according to claim 16 wherein:

所述TDM数据流为光传送网OTN数据流；The TDM data stream is an optical transport network OTN data stream;

所述OTN数据流中每个帧周期包括一个OTN帧和8*n个额外字节，n为整数，所述第一预定位置中承载的所述以太网帧开始字符和所述第二预定位置中承载的所述以太网帧结束字符位于所述8*n个额外字节中，所述第二预定位置在所述第一预定位置之前，所述8*n个额外字节在所述OTN帧之前或之后；Each frame period in the OTN data stream includes an OTN frame and 8*n extra bytes, n being an integer, the Ethernet frame start character and the second predetermined position carried in the first predetermined location The Ethernet frame end character carried in the middle is located in the 8*n extra bytes, the second predetermined position is before the first predetermined position, and the 8*n extra bytes are in the OTN Before or after the frame;

根据TDM数据流中的以太网开始字符和以太网结束字符确定TDM帧，包括：Determining TDM frames based on Ethernet start characters and Ethernet end characters in the TDM data stream, including:

根据TDM数据流中的以太网开始字符和以太网结束字符进行OTN定帧处理，并去除每个帧周期中的所述8*n个额外字节，从而获得OTN帧。The OTN framing process is performed according to the Ethernet start character and the Ethernet end character in the TDM data stream, and the 8*n extra bytes in each frame period are removed, thereby obtaining an OTN frame.
根据权利要求16至19任意一项所述通信设备，其特征在于，所述处理单元包括：The communication device according to any one of claims 16 to 19, wherein the processing unit comprises:

物理编码子层PCS，用于对所述64B/66B码块进行解码得到时分复用TDM数据流；a physical coding sublayer PCS, configured to decode the 64B/66B code block to obtain a time division multiplexed TDM data stream;

调和子层RS，用于根据所述TDM数据流中的以太网开始字符和以太网结束字符确定TDM帧；And a reconciliation sub-layer RS, configured to determine a TDM frame according to an Ethernet start character and an Ethernet end character in the TDM data stream;

媒质不相关接口MII，用于将所述TDM数据流从所述PCS传送至所述RS；a media unrelated interface MII, configured to transmit the TDM data stream from the PCS to the RS;

所述将所述TDM数据流从所述PCS传送至所述RS，包括：The transmitting the TDM data stream from the PCS to the RS includes:

通过媒质不相关接口MII将TDM数据流发送给所述RS，且通过所述MII接口向所述RS发送时钟信号，以及用于指示所述TDM数据流中控制字节和数据字节的传送控制信号，所述控制字节包括所述以太网帧开始字符和所述以太网帧结束字符。 Transmitting a TDM data stream to the RS through a medium uncorrelated interface MII, and transmitting a clock signal to the RS through the MII interface, and indicating a transmission control of a control byte and a data byte in the TDM data stream Signal, the control byte including the Ethernet frame start character and the Ethernet frame end character.