WO2016070626A1 - 一种施工立井悬吊绳或稳绳张力在线检测装置及方法 - Google Patents

一种施工立井悬吊绳或稳绳张力在线检测装置及方法 Download PDF

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WO2016070626A1
WO2016070626A1 PCT/CN2015/081598 CN2015081598W WO2016070626A1 WO 2016070626 A1 WO2016070626 A1 WO 2016070626A1 CN 2015081598 W CN2015081598 W CN 2015081598W WO 2016070626 A1 WO2016070626 A1 WO 2016070626A1
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Prior art keywords
rope
tension
suspension
pressure sensor
steady
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PCT/CN2015/081598
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
曹国华
宴璐
朱真才
王彦栋
彭维红
王乃格
王进杰
刘善增
沈刚
张海翔
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中国矿业大学
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Application filed by 中国矿业大学 filed Critical 中国矿业大学
Priority to CA2936463A priority Critical patent/CA2936463C/en
Publication of WO2016070626A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016070626A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G01L5/04—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring tension in flexible members, e.g. ropes, cables, wires, threads, belts or bands

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an online detecting and detecting device and method for constructing a shaft suspension rope and a steady rope tension, and is particularly suitable for online detection of tension of a construction shaft suspension rope and a steady rope.
  • the detection of the hanging force of the vertical shaft is realized by providing a tension sensor at the connection between the steady rope and the hanging plate.
  • the steady rope needs to be removed first, and the tension sensor needs to be dustproof and waterproof.
  • the steady rope will have a large tension, which results in a large torque of the steady rope.
  • the steady rope will be severely twisted.
  • the tension sensor must be connected to the steady rope or the stable rope and the hanging plate at the initial stage of the construction, resulting in the signal It is difficult to pass downhole to the wellhead, making it difficult to achieve real-time detection.
  • the device for detecting the tension of the wire rope is clamped on the wire rope, and the hanging force of the hanging plate is indirectly measured by the lateral force, or a longitudinal deformation of the wire rope is clamped on the wire rope.
  • the detecting device indirectly measures the hanging force of the hanging plate.
  • the way of indirect measurement by clamping the lateral force of the wire rope is for the thinner steel wire rope, which can be more convenient to measure, but the suspension rope and the stable rope which are thicker for the construction vertical shaft hanging plate, due to the short distance and rigidity assembly
  • the problem of large lateral pressing force and inaccurate measurement occurs, and the wire rope will be damaged due to excessive bending of the wire rope;
  • a detecting device for measuring the longitudinal deformation of the wire rope is clamped on the wire rope to indirectly measure the lifting system.
  • the measurement of wire rope tension must add a set of wireless node transmission equipment, which poses a great challenge to the detection cost.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an on-line inspection of the tension of the construction shaft suspension rope and the stability rope which is simple in structure, does not need to be removed and stabilized, is accurate in operation, and can be detected in real time in view of the problems existing in the prior art. Detection device and method.
  • the on-line detecting device for constructing vertical shaft suspension rope and steady rope tension of the invention comprises a signal processor, a well cover platform, a derrick disposed above the manhole cover platform, a plurality of sky wheels spaced on the derrick, and a winch at one end Fixed and the other end is inclined to bypass the sky wheel and vertically extend into a plurality of suspension ropes or stable ropes connected to the suspension plate in the well, and a tension detecting device is fixed on the derrick at each position of the balance wheel.
  • the tension detecting device comprises a bearing support, a pressure sensor and a bevel bearing.
  • the inclined bearing is fixed on the derrick by fixing bolts, and the pressure bearing and the bearing support arranged on the rotating shaft of the crown wheel are fixed on the inclined bearing seat.
  • the well cover platform is provided with frequency detecting devices for respectively clamping a plurality of suspension ropes or stable ropes, and the frequency detecting device transmits the signal to the signal processor through the wireless signal, and the signal processor processes and calculates the signals.
  • the inclined angle of the inclined support is half of the angle between the inclined section of the suspension rope or the stable rope around the vertical wheel and the direction of the vertical section.
  • the frequency detecting device comprises two vibration blocks symmetrically arranged on two sides of a suspension rope or a steady rope, an acceleration sensor fixedly mounted outside a vibration block, and an acceleration transmitter is provided with a wireless transmitter, and the two vibration blocks are symmetric inside.
  • the upper and lower parts of the two vibration blocks are provided with clamping springs, and the bottoms of the two vibration blocks are respectively arranged to be movable in the platform of the well cover platform.
  • the translation wheel is provided with a plurality of clamping wheels which are closely attached with the suspension rope or the stable rope.
  • the upper and lower parts of the two vibration blocks are provided with clamping springs, and the bottoms of the two vibration blocks are respectively arranged to be movable in the platform of the well cover platform.
  • the tension T of the suspension rope or the steady rope is detected in real time by the pressure sensor, and the tension of the suspension rope or the stable rope is periodically checked by the frequency detecting device. T is tested and the obtained test results are used to correct the measurement results of the pressure sensor.
  • the tension of the suspension rope or the steady rope is detected in real time by the pressure sensor: when the tension of the suspension rope or the steady rope acts on the bearing support through the sky wheel, the force is transmitted to the fixed connection with the bearing support.
  • the pressure sensor has an angle between the inclined section of the suspension rope or the steady rope and the vertical direction, and the tension of the suspension rope or the stable rope is T. According to the principle of the force synthesis, the pressure sensor is perpendicular to the pressure sensor.
  • the pressure on the surface, ie the pressure F measured by the pressure sensor is:
  • the tension T of the suspension rope or the stable rope is:
  • the frequency detecting device Regularly check the tension of the suspension rope or the stable rope by the frequency detecting device: since the translational wheel is stuck in the track of the manhole cover platform, the frequency detecting device can only move horizontally; the clamping block is hinged on the vibration block, and the clamping is performed The spring clamps the vibration block on both sides of the wire rope to the wire rope, and the clamping wheel ensures the movement of the wire rope in the vertical direction; the outer side of the vibration block is provided with an acceleration sensor, and the lateral vibration of the suspension rope or the stable rope is accelerated by the acceleration sensor.
  • the acceleration signal is sent to the signal processor through a wireless transmitter disposed on the acceleration sensor, and the signal is processed by the signal processor to obtain the frequency ⁇ of the lateral vibration of the suspension rope or the steady rope, and then according to the suspension rope or the stable rope during the measurement.
  • Length l, and the density ⁇ of the wire rope by the formula:
  • the suspension rope or the rope tension detecting device of the present invention can effectively avoid the measurement error caused by the overturning moment of the bearing seat, and the frequency detecting device installed on the manhole cover platform is used periodically. Measuring the tension of the wire rope to verify the pressure sensor measurement results, avoiding the possibility of real-time pressure sensors A problem that caused some fault to result in inaccurate measurement results.
  • the utility model has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, real-time detection, simple installation, no need to remove the stable rope, accurate measurement, convenient signal transmission and wide practicality.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of vertical shaft construction
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the installation of the pressure sensor of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a schematic illustration of the frequency detecting device of the present invention.
  • the on-line detecting device for constructing a vertical shaft and a rope tension of the present invention comprises a signal processor 9, a manhole cover platform 8, a derrick 6 disposed above the manhole cover platform 8, and a plurality of sky wheels 5 spaced apart from the derrick 6.
  • One end is fixed by the winch 10, and the other end is tilted around the sky wheel 5 and then vertically extends into a plurality of suspension ropes 2 or stable ropes 3 connected to the well 1 in the well, at the derrick at the position of each day wheel 5 6 is fixed with a tension detecting device 4,
  • the tension detecting device 4 includes a bearing support 4-1, a pressure sensor 4-2 and a bevel bearing 4-3, and the inclined bearing 4-3 is fixed to the derrick via a fixing bolt 4-4.
  • a pressure sensor 4-2 and a bearing support 4-1 provided on the rotating shaft of the balance ring 5 are fixed, and the pressure sensor 4-2 is fixed to the inclined support via the fixing bolt 4-4.
  • the bearing support 4-1 is fixed on the pressure sensor 4-2, and the inclination angle of the inclined support 4-3 is the suspension rope 2 or the steady rope 3 is inclined around the inclined section of the balance wheel 5 and the vertical section. Half of the corner.
  • the frequency detecting device 7 of the steady rope 3 comprises two vibration blocks 7-1 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the suspension rope 2 or the steady rope 3, and an acceleration sensor 7 fixedly mounted outside a vibration block 7-1 -2, the acceleration sensor 7-2 is provided with a wireless transmitter, and the two vibration blocks 7-1 are symmetrically disposed with a plurality of clamping wheels 7-4 which are closely attached to the suspension rope 2 or the stable rope 3, two The inner and lower portions of the vibration block 7-1 are provided with a clamping spring 7-3, and the bottoms of the two vibration blocks 7-1 are respectively provided with a translational wheel 7-5 which is movable in the track of the manhole cover platform 8.
  • the frequency detecting means 7 transmits to the signal processor 9 by means of a wireless signal, which is processed and calculated by the signal processor 9.
  • the on-line detecting method of the construction shaft suspension rope and the steady rope tension using the above device the tension T of the suspension rope 2 or the steady rope 3 is detected in real time by the pressure sensor 4-2, and the suspension rope is periodically checked by the frequency detecting device 7. 2 or the tension T of the steady rope 3 is detected, and the obtained test result is used to correct the measurement result of the pressure sensor 4-2, and the specific process is as follows:
  • the tension of the suspension rope 2 or the steady rope 3 is detected in real time by the pressure sensor 4-2: when the tension of the suspension rope 2 or the stability rope 3 acts on the bearing support 4-1 through the day wheel 5, The force is transmitted to the pressure fixedly connected to the bearing support 4-1
  • the force sensor 4-2 is configured such that the angle between the inclined section of the suspension rope 2 or the steady rope 3 and the vertical direction is ⁇ , and the tension of the suspension rope 2 or the stability rope 3 is T, which is known from the principle of force synthesis, the pressure sensor
  • the pressure received by 4-2 perpendicular to the surface of the pressure sensor 4-2, that is, the pressure F measured by the pressure sensor 4-2 is:
  • the tension T of the suspension rope 2 or the steady rope 3 is obtained as follows:
  • the frequency detecting means 7 Regularly detecting the tension of the suspension rope 2 or the steady rope 3 by the frequency detecting means 7: since the translational wheel 7-5 is caught in the track of the manhole cover platform 8, the frequency detecting means 7 can only move horizontally; the vibration block 7 -1 is fastened with a clamping wheel 7-4, the clamping spring 7-3 clamps the vibration block 7-1 on both sides of the wire rope on the wire rope, and the clamping wheel 7-4 ensures the movement of the wire rope in the vertical direction; An acceleration sensor 7-2 is disposed on the outer side of the vibration block 7-1, and the lateral vibration acceleration signal of the suspension rope 2 or the steady rope 3 is transmitted through the wireless transmitter provided on the acceleration sensor 7-2 through the acceleration sensor 7-2.
  • the signal is processed by the signal processor 9 to obtain the frequency ⁇ of the lateral vibration of the suspension rope 2 or the steady rope 3, and then according to the length l of the suspension rope 2 or the steady rope 3, and the density of the rope ⁇ , by the formula:
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a vertical shaft construction, which is a working condition of the tension detecting device of the present invention.
  • the balance wheel 5 divides the suspension rope 2 or the stability rope 3 into two sections of a sloped section and a vertical section.
  • the bevel bearing 4-3 it is first necessary to know the angle ⁇ between the inclined section of the suspension rope 2 or the steady rope 3 and the vertical direction, thereby determining that the inclination angle of the inclined surface of the inclined support 4-3 is ⁇ /2.
  • the bevel bearing 4-3 is mounted on the derrick 6 by fixing bolts 4-4, and the bearing support 4-1 of the sun gear 5 is mounted on the inclined surface of the bevel bearing 4-3.
  • the pressure measured by the pressure sensor 4-2 is the resultant force of the vertical section and the inclined section, that is, :
  • the translation wheel 7-5 is caught in the track of the manhole cover platform 8, so that the frequency detecting means 7 can only move horizontally.
  • a clamping wheel 7-4 is hinged on the vibration block 7-1, and the clamping spring 7-3 clamps the vibration block 7-1 on both sides of the wire rope to the wire rope, and the clamping wheel 7-4 can ensure the wire rope is vertical Direction of movement.
  • An acceleration sensor 7-2 is disposed on the outer side of the vibration block 7-1, and the acceleration sensor 7-2 transmits the lateral vibration acceleration signal of the suspension rope 2 or the steady rope 3 to the signal processor 9 through the wireless transmitting device, and the signal processor 9
  • the corresponding processing program has been prepared, and the signal can be processed according to the length l of the suspension rope 2 or the steady rope 3 and the density ⁇ of the wire rope during the measurement, and then according to the following formula:
  • the tension of the wire rope can be obtained, and periodic measurement can be used to ensure the accuracy of the pressure sensor measurement results.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)

Abstract

公开了一种施工立井悬吊绳（2）或稳绳（3）张力的在线检测装置，主要由设在井架（6）上的张力检测装置（4）和设在井口地面的钢丝绳频率检测部分构成。张力检测装置主要包括固定在天轮（5）井架（6）上的斜面支座（4-3），固定安装在斜面支座（4-3）斜面上的压力传感器（4-2），以及与压力传感器（4-2）固定连接的轴承支座（4-1）。钢丝绳频率检测部分主要包括频率检测装置（7）以及用于采集频率信号的信号采集器。通过设置在井盖平台（8）上的钢丝绳频率检测装置（7）可定期检测出钢丝绳上振动波的传播频率，通过钢丝绳长l以及绳密度ρ来得到钢丝绳张力，可有效避免因轴承座的倾覆力矩而带来的测量误差，从而对压力传感器进行校正。该在线检测装置结构简单、操作方便、能实时检测，安装简便，无需拆除稳绳，测量精确，信号传输方便。还公开了一种使用该在线检测装置的施工立井悬吊绳（2）或稳绳（3）张力的在线检测方法。

Description

一种施工立井悬吊绳与稳绳张力在线检测装置及方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种施工立井悬吊绳与稳绳张力的在线检检测装置及方法，尤其适用于施工立井悬吊绳与稳绳张力的在线检测。
背景技术
目前，检测立井吊盘悬吊力，是通过在稳绳与吊盘连接处设置拉力传感器来实现检测。但是，在安装时，首先需要先将稳绳拆除，并且在需要对拉力传感器进行防尘防水的处理。而且，由于施工一段时间后吊盘会处于井筒较深的位置，因此稳绳会有较大的张力，从而导致稳绳具有很大的扭矩，当进行稳绳拆除时，稳绳会剧烈扭转，很容易对施工人员造成伤害，还会造成吊盘由于受力不平衡而产生扭转；其次，安装拉力传感器必须在建井初期就将其连接于稳绳或稳绳与吊盘间，导致信号由井下传递到井口比较困难，难以实现实时检测。除利采用拉力传感器的方法以外，还有将钢丝绳张力检测的装置夹持在钢丝绳上，通过其横向作用力来间接测量吊盘悬吊力，或是在钢丝绳上夹持一个测量钢丝绳纵向变形的检测装置来间接测量吊盘悬吊力。夹持在钢丝绳上通过其横向作用力来间接测量的方式是针对较细的钢丝绳，能够比较方便测量，但对施工立井吊盘较粗的悬吊绳和稳绳，由于其距离短、刚度大会造成横向压紧力大、出现测量不准的问题，同时钢丝绳会因被反向弯曲过大而导致钢丝绳损伤；在钢丝绳上夹持一个测量钢丝绳纵向变形的检测装置来间接测量的方式对提升***钢丝绳张力的测量必须增加一套无线节点传输设备，这对检测成本提出了很大的挑战。
发明内容
技术问题：本发明的目的是针对已有技术中存在的问题，提供一种结构简单、无需拆除稳绳、操作方便、测量精确、能实时检测的施工立井悬吊绳与稳绳张力的在线检检测装置及方法。
技术方案：本发明的施工立井悬吊绳与稳绳张力的在线检测装置，包括信号处理器、井盖平台、设在井盖平台上方的井架、间隔设在井架上的多个天轮，一端由绞车固定、另一端倾斜绕过天轮后竖直伸入井中连接在井中吊盘上的多根悬吊绳或稳绳，在位于每个天轮位置处的井架上的固定有张力检测装置，所述的张力检测装置包括轴承支座、压力传感器和斜面支座，斜面支座经固定螺栓固定在井架上，斜面支座上固定有压力传感器和设在天轮转动轴上的轴承支座，所述的井盖平台上设有分别卡紧多根悬吊绳或稳绳的频率检测装置，频率检测装置通过无线信号传输给信号处理器，由信号处理器对信号进行处理和计算。
所述斜面支座的倾斜角为悬吊绳或稳绳绕天轮倾斜段与竖直段方向夹角的一半。
所述的频率检测装置包括对称设在悬吊绳或稳绳两侧的两个振动块、固定安装在一个振动块外侧的加速度传感器，加速度传感器上设有无线发射器，两个振动块内侧对称设有多个与悬吊绳或稳绳紧贴在一起的卡紧轮，两个振动块内侧上下部设有卡紧弹簧，两个振动块底部分别设有卡装在井盖平台轨道内可移动的平动轮。
使用上述装置的施工立井悬吊绳与稳绳张力的在线检测方法，通过压力传感器实时对悬吊绳或稳绳的张力T进行检测，再通过频率检测装置定期对悬吊绳或稳绳的张力T进行检测，所得检测结果用来校正压力传感器的测量结果，其步骤如下：
a.通过压力传感器实时对悬吊绳或稳绳的张力进行检测：当悬吊绳或稳绳的张力通过天轮作用在轴承支座上时，将力传递给与轴承支座相固定连接的压力传感器，设悬吊绳或稳绳的倾斜段与竖直方向的夹角为α，悬吊绳或稳绳的张力为T，由力的合成原理可知，压力传感器所受到的垂直于压力传感器表面的压力，即压力传感器测量到的压力F为：
Figure PCTCN2015081598-appb-000001
得到悬吊绳或稳绳的张力T为：
Figure PCTCN2015081598-appb-000002
b.通过频率检测装置定期对悬吊绳或稳绳的张力进行检测：由于平动轮卡在井盖平台的轨道内，使频率检测装置仅能水平移动；振动块上铰接有卡紧轮，卡紧弹簧将钢丝绳两侧的振动块卡紧在钢丝绳上，由卡紧轮保证钢丝绳在竖直方向的运动；振动块的外侧安设有加速度传感器，通过加速度传感器将悬吊绳或稳绳的横向振动加速度信号通过设在加速度传感器上的无线发射器发送给信号处理器，经信号处理器对信号进行处理得到悬吊绳或稳绳横向振动的频率ω，再根据测量时悬吊绳或稳绳的长度l，以及钢丝绳的密度ρ，由公式：
Figure PCTCN2015081598-appb-000003
算出钢丝绳的张力T；
c.将通过压力传感器测得的张力值与通过频率检测装置测得的张力值进行对比，当两结果相差大于20％时，则判按断压力传感器出现故障，需对压力传感器进行校正或更换。
有益效果：由于采用了上述技术方案，本发明的悬吊绳或稳绳张力检测装置可有效避免因轴承座的倾覆力矩而带来的测量误差，采用安装在井盖平台上的频率检测装置来定期测量钢丝绳的张力，从而实现对压力传感器测量结果的校验，可避免实时工作的压力传感器可能 出现某种故障从而导致测量结果不准确的问题。其结构简单、操作方便、能实时检测，安装简便，无需拆除稳绳，测量精确，信号传输方便，具有广泛的实用性。
附图说明
图1是立井施工简图；
图2是本发明压力传感器安装简图；
图3是本发明的频率检测装置示意图。
图中：1.吊盘，2.悬吊绳，3.稳绳，4.张力检测装置，4-1.轴承支座，4-2.压力传感器，4-3.斜面支座，4-4.固定螺栓，5.天轮，6.井架，7.频率检测装置，7-1.振动块，7-2.加速度传感器，7-3.卡紧弹簧，7-4.卡紧轮，7-5平动轮，8.井盖平台，9.信号处理器，10.绞车。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的一个实施例作进一步的描述：
本发明的施工立井悬吊绳与稳绳张力的在线检测装置，包括信号处理器9、井盖平台8、设在井盖平台8上方的井架6、间隔设在井架6上的多个天轮5，一端由绞车10固定、另一端倾斜绕过天轮5后竖直伸入井中连接在井中吊盘1上的多根悬吊绳2或稳绳3，在位于每个天轮5位置处的井架6上均固定有张力检测装置4，张力检测装置4包括轴承支座4-1、压力传感器4-2和斜面支座4-3，斜面支座4-3经固定螺栓4-4固定在井架6上，斜面支座4-3上固定有压力传感器4-2和设在天轮5转动轴上的轴承支座4-1，压力传感器4-2经固定螺栓4-4固定在斜面支座4-3上，轴承支座4-1固定在压力传感器4-2上，斜面支座4-3的倾斜角为悬吊绳2或稳绳3绕天轮5倾斜段与竖直段方向夹角的一半。斜面支座4-3上固定有压力传感器4-2和设在天轮5转动轴上的轴承支座4-1，所述的井盖平台8上设有分别卡紧多根悬吊绳2或稳绳3的频率检测装置7，频率检测装置7包括对称设在悬吊绳2或稳绳3两侧的两个振动块7-1、固定安装在一个振动块7-1外侧的加速度传感器7-2，加速度传感器7-2上设有无线发射器，两个振动块7-1内侧对称设有多个与悬吊绳2或稳绳3紧贴在一起的卡紧轮7-4，两个振动块7-1内侧上下部设有卡紧弹簧7-3，两个振动块7-1底部分别设有卡装在井盖平台8轨道内可移动的平动轮7-5。频率检测装置7通过无线信号传输给信号处理器9，由信号处理器9对信号进行处理和计算。
使用上述装置的施工立井悬吊绳与稳绳张力在线检测方法，通过压力传感器4-2实时对悬吊绳2或稳绳3的张力T进行检测，再通过频率检测装置7定期对悬吊绳2或稳绳3的张力T进行检测，所得检测结果用来校正压力传感器4-2的测量结果，具体过程如下：
a.通过压力传感器4-2实时对悬吊绳2或稳绳3的张力进行检测：当悬吊绳2或稳绳3的张力通过天轮5作用在轴承支座4-1上时，将力传递给与轴承支座4-1相固定连接的压 力传感器4-2，设悬吊绳2或稳绳3的倾斜段与竖直方向的夹角为α，悬吊绳2或稳绳3的张力为T，由力的合成原理可知，压力传感器4-2所受到的垂直于压力传感器4-2表面的压力，即压力传感器4-2测量到的压力F为：
Figure PCTCN2015081598-appb-000004
得到悬吊绳2或稳绳3的张力T为：
Figure PCTCN2015081598-appb-000005
b.通过频率检测装置7定期对悬吊绳2或稳绳3的张力进行检测：由于平动轮7-5卡在井盖平台8的轨道内，使频率检测装置7仅能水平移动；振动块7-1上铰接有卡紧轮7-4，卡紧弹簧7-3将钢丝绳两侧的振动块7-1卡紧在钢丝绳上，由卡紧轮7-4保证钢丝绳在竖直方向的运动；振动块7-1的外侧安设有加速度传感器7-2，通过加速度传感器7-2将悬吊绳2或稳绳3的横向振动加速度信号通过设在加速度传感器7-2上的无线发射器发送给信号处理器9，经信号处理器9对信号进行处理得到悬吊绳2或稳绳3横向振动的频率ω，再根据测量时悬吊绳2或稳绳3的长度l，以及钢丝绳的密度ρ，由公式：
Figure PCTCN2015081598-appb-000006
算出钢丝绳的张力T；
c.将通过压力传感器4-2测得的张力值与通过频率检测装置7测得的张力值进行对比，当两结果相差大于20％时，则判断压力传感器4-2出现故障，需对压力传感器4-2进行校正或更换。
图1所示是立井施工简图，是本发明的张力检测装置的使用工况。
在图2中，天轮5将悬吊绳2或稳绳3分成倾斜段和垂直段两段。斜面支座4-3在加工制造时，首先要知道悬吊绳2或稳绳3的倾斜段与竖直方向的夹角α，从而确定斜面支座4-3斜面的倾斜角为α/2。通过固定螺栓4-4将斜面支座4-3安装在井架6上，再将天轮5的轴承支座4-1安装在斜面支座4-3的斜面上。由于悬吊绳2或稳绳3垂直段与倾斜段的合力方向就是垂直段与倾斜段的角平分线方向，因此压力传感器4-2所测得的压力就是垂直段与倾斜段的合力，即：
Figure PCTCN2015081598-appb-000007
那么就可知道悬吊绳2或稳绳3的张力大小为：
在图3中，平动轮7-5卡在井盖平台8的轨道内，使频率检测装置7仅能水平移动。振动块7-1上铰接有卡紧轮7-4，卡紧弹簧7-3将钢丝绳两侧的振动块7-1卡紧在钢丝绳上，而卡紧轮7-4能保证钢丝绳在竖直方向的运动。振动块7-1的外侧安设有加速度传感器7-2，加速度传感器7-2将悬吊绳2或稳绳3的横向振动加速度信号通过无线发射装置发送给信号处理器9，信号处理器9中已编写好相应的处理程序，可以根据测量时的悬吊绳2或稳绳3的长度l，以及钢丝绳的密度ρ对接收信号后对信号进行处理，再根据以下公式：
Figure PCTCN2015081598-appb-000009
便可得到钢丝绳的张力，用其进行定期测量即可确保压力传感器测量结果的准确性。

Claims (4)

  1. 一种施工立井悬吊绳与稳绳张力的在线检测装置，包括信号处理器(9)、井盖平台(8)、设在井盖平台(8)上方的井架(6)、间隔设在井架(6)上的多个天轮(5)，一端由绞车(10)固定、另一端倾斜绕过天轮(5)后竖直伸入井中连接在井中吊盘(1)上的多根悬吊绳(2)或稳绳(3)，其特征在于：在位于每个天轮(5)位置处的井架(6)上的固定有张力检测装置(4)，所述的张力检测装置(4)包括轴承支座(4-1)、压力传感器(4-2)和斜面支座(4-3)，斜面支座(4-3)经固定螺栓(4-4)固定在井架(6)上，斜面支座(4-3)上固定有压力传感器(4-2)和设在天轮(5)转动轴上的轴承支座(4-1)，所述的井盖平台(8)上设有分别卡紧多根悬吊绳(2)或稳绳(3)的频率检测装置(7)，频率检测装置(7)通过无线信号传输给信号处理器(9)，由信号处理器(9)对信号进行处理和计算。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的施工立井悬吊绳张力检测装置，其特征在于：所述斜面支座(4-3)的倾斜角为悬吊绳(2)或稳绳(3)绕天轮(5)倾斜段与竖直段方向夹角的一半。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的施工立井悬吊绳张力检测装置，其特征在于：所述的频率检测装置(7)包括对称设在悬吊绳(2)或稳绳(3)两侧的两个振动块(7-1)、固定安装在一个振动块(7-1)外侧的加速度传感器(7-2)，加速度传感器(7-2)上设有无线发射器，两个振动块(7-1)内侧对称设有多个与悬吊绳(2)或稳绳(3)紧贴在一起的卡紧轮(7-4)，两个振动块(7-1)内侧上下部设有卡紧弹簧(7-3)，两个振动块(7-1)底部分别设有卡装在井盖平台(8)轨道内可移动的平动轮(7-5)。
  4. 一种使用权利要求1、2、或3所述装置的施工立井悬吊绳与稳绳张力的在线检测方法，其特征在于：通过压力传感器(4-2)实时对悬吊绳(2)或稳绳(3)的张力T进行检测，再通过频率检测装置(7)定期对悬吊绳(2)或稳绳(3)的张力T进行检测，所得检测结果用来校正压力传感器(4-2)的测量结果，其步骤如下：
    a.通过压力传感器(4-2)实时对悬吊绳(2)或稳绳(3)的张力进行检测：当悬吊绳(2)或稳绳(3)的张力通过天轮(5)作用在轴承支座(4-1)上时，将力传递给与轴承支座(4-1)相固定连接的压力传感器(4-2)，设悬吊绳(2)或稳绳(3)的倾斜段与竖直方向的夹角为α，悬吊绳(2)或稳绳(3)的张力为T，由力的合成原理可知，压力传感器(4-2)所受到的垂直于压力传感器(4-2)表面的压力，即压力传感器(4-2)测量到的压力F为：
    Figure PCTCN2015081598-appb-100001
    得到悬吊绳(2)或稳绳(3)的张力T为：
    Figure PCTCN2015081598-appb-100002
    b.通过频率检测装置(7)定期对悬吊绳(2)或稳绳(3)的张力进行检测：由于平动轮(7-5)卡在井盖平台(8)的轨道内，使频率检测装置(7)仅能水平移动；振动块(7-1)上铰接有卡紧轮(7-4)，卡紧弹簧(7-3)将钢丝绳两侧的振动块(7-1)卡紧在钢丝绳上，由卡紧轮(7-4)保证钢丝绳在竖直方向的运动；振动块(7-1)的外侧安设有加速度传感器(7-2)，通过加速度传感器(7-2)将悬吊绳(2)或稳绳(3)的横向振动加速度信号通过设在加速度传感器(7-2)上的无线发射器发送给信号处理器(9)，经信号处理器(9)对信号进行处理得到悬吊绳(2)或稳绳(3)横向振动的频率ω，再根据测量时悬吊绳(2)或稳绳(3)的长度l，以及钢丝绳的密度ρ，由公式：
    Figure PCTCN2015081598-appb-100003
    算出钢丝绳的张力T；
    c.将通过压力传感器(4-2)测得的张力值与通过频率检测装置(7)测得的张力值进行对比，当两结果相差大于20％时，则判断压力传感器(4-2)出现故障，需对压力传感器(4-2)进行校正或更换。
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