WO2016067832A1 - Haptic device - Google Patents
Haptic device Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016067832A1 WO2016067832A1 PCT/JP2015/078142 JP2015078142W WO2016067832A1 WO 2016067832 A1 WO2016067832 A1 WO 2016067832A1 JP 2015078142 W JP2015078142 W JP 2015078142W WO 2016067832 A1 WO2016067832 A1 WO 2016067832A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- film
- presentation device
- piezoelectric
- tactile sense
- sense presentation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/02—Input arrangements using manually operated switches, e.g. using keyboards or dials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
- G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a haptic presentation device that provides haptic feedback by transmitting vibration to a user.
- the vibration generating means is provided so as to face all the switch portions.
- the vibration generating means includes, for example, a motor with a weight. For this reason, the size of the vibration generating means is increased, and as a result, the touch input device may be thick.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a tactile sense presentation device that can be thinned.
- the tactile sense presentation device of the present invention includes a film, a push-in operation detection unit, and a drive unit.
- the end portion is fixed, and the main surface can be recessed by pressing operation.
- the pressing operation detection unit detects a pressing operation on the main surface of the film.
- a drive part changes the tension
- the driving unit expands and contracts the film.
- the portion of the film pressed by the finger vibrates in the vertical direction, and the vibration of the film is transmitted to the finger.
- the drive unit since the drive unit only changes the tension in the surface direction of the film, it is not necessary to provide the drive unit below the pushing operation detection unit. For this reason, a tactile sense presentation apparatus can be reduced in thickness. Further, according to this configuration, since the same vibration is transmitted to the finger regardless of which pressing operation detection unit is pressed, the user can feel the same vibration.
- a space or an elastic member is provided on the opposite side of the main surface of the film.
- the main surface of the film can be recessed.
- a holding member provided with an opening for each key is required, but when the lower part of the film is an elastic member, It is not always necessary to provide an opening for each key. That is, an elastic member may be inserted into the opening provided for each key, or an elastic member that overlaps the entire key in plan view may be inserted.
- the elastic member when an elastic member is inserted in the lower part of the film, the elastic member acts as the base of the film regardless of the tension of the film, so that the film does not loosen and does not stand out when not in operation. .
- An advantage of providing an opening for each key is that it is easy to feel the position of adjacent keys tactilely.
- the elastic member when the elastic member is arranged as a whole, there are advantages that it is easier to manufacture in terms of manufacturing than the case where the elastic member is inserted for each key, and that the material of the elastic member to be inserted does not easily vary. Further, when the pushing operation detection unit is pushed with a finger, the finger is pushed back from the elastic member, so that a feeling of pushing the pushing operation detection unit can be strongly felt.
- one end of the film may be fixed and the other end of the film may be attached to the driving unit.
- a drive part changes the tension
- the number of combinations of the film and the drive unit may be one, or a plurality of combinations may be provided, such as dividing each key area.
- the combination of the film and the drive unit is constituted by one, there is an advantage that the structure can be simplified. In addition, when a plurality of combinations of films and driving units are provided, there is an advantage that it is easy to handle even if the key typing speed is high.
- the haptic presentation device of the present invention may be configured as follows. Both ends of the film are fixed. The film is deformed in the surface direction by applying a voltage. The driving unit applies a voltage to the film when the pressing operation detecting unit detects the pressing operation. In this configuration, a mechanism for moving the end portion of the film is not necessary, so that the tactile sense presentation device can be further reduced in size. Moreover, since vibration is generated by the expansion and contraction of the film itself, the user can easily feel the vibration. Here, good vibration can be obtained even if both ends of the film are fixed, but one end of the film as shown above may be fixed and the other end of the film may be attached to the drive unit. good. In this case, since both vibrations can be obtained, a larger vibration can be obtained.
- the film may be a piezoelectric film made of a piezoelectric resin having electrodes formed on both main surfaces.
- the piezoelectric resin may be made of polyvinylidene fluoride as a material.
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- the piezoelectric resin may be made of polylactic acid.
- polylactic acid is a highly permeable material, if a transparent material is used for the electrode or key sheet added to polylactic acid, the internal state of the vibration function can be visually confirmed when the vibration function is manufactured.
- the position of the key can be visually recognized even in a dark place by arranging a light emitting source such as a light inside the vibration function.
- PLLA has no pyroelectricity, for example, there is an advantage that a similar click feeling can be obtained in any temperature environment for an electronic device including a tactile sense presentation device.
- the tactile sense presentation device can be thinned.
- FIG. 1A is a schematic external perspective view of the tactile sense presentation device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 1B is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the main part of the tactile presentation device according to the first embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the tactile sense presentation apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a typical sectional view showing operation of a tactile sense presentation device concerning a 1st embodiment.
- FIG. 4A is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a main part of the haptic presentation device 20 according to a modification of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4B and FIG. 4C are schematic cross-sectional views illustrating the operation of the haptic presentation device 20 according to a modification of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 1A is a schematic external perspective view of the tactile sense presentation device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 1B is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the main part of the tactile presentation device according to the first embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the tactile sense presentation apparatus
- FIG. 5A is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a main part of a haptic presentation device 30 according to a modification of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5B and FIG. 5C are schematic cross-sectional views illustrating the operation of the haptic presentation device 30 according to a modification of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 6A is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the main part of the tactile sense presentation device according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 6B and FIG. 6C are schematic cross-sectional views showing the operation of the tactile presentation device according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 7A is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the main part of the tactile presentation device according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 7B and FIG. 7C are schematic cross-sectional views illustrating the operation of the tactile presentation device according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 1A is a schematic external perspective view of the tactile presentation device 10.
- FIG. 1B is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the main part of the tactile sense presentation device 10.
- the tactile sense presentation device 10 is a so-called keyboard and has a substantially rectangular flat plate shape.
- a plurality of key switches 13 are provided on the upper surface of the tactile sense presentation device 10 at positions corresponding to the key arrangement.
- the key switch 13 detects a pressing operation by the user.
- the key switch 13 corresponds to a “push operation detection unit” of the present invention.
- the tactile sense presentation device 10 includes a film 11, a key sheet 12, a piezoelectric element 14, and a holding member 15.
- the film 11 is disposed on the upper surface of the holding member 15.
- a key sheet 12 is affixed to the upper surface of the film 11.
- One end of the film 11 is fixed to the holding member 15.
- the other end of the film 11 and the corresponding end of the key sheet 12 are attached to the piezoelectric element 14.
- the upper surface of the film 11 can be recessed by pushing operation.
- the film 11 is in a loose state.
- the film 11 has a rectangular shape in plan view, and is made of a resin thin film.
- the end of the film 11 is fixed to the holding member 15 with an adhesive member 17. Portions other than the end portion of the film 11 are only in contact with the holding member 15 and are not fixed.
- the key sheet 12 has a rectangular shape in plan view.
- a plurality of key switches 13 are provided on the key sheet 12.
- the key switch 13 is configured by a membrane type, a capacitance type, a piezoelectric film type, or the like.
- the holding member 15 has a plurality of openings 16 formed in a rectangular flat plate, and is made of metal, resin, or the like.
- the opening 16 corresponds to each key switch 13 and is formed to overlap the key switch 13 in plan view.
- the opening 16 may be one that penetrates the holding member 15 or may be a dent that does not penetrate.
- any film that does not hinder the movement of the film 11 may be used.
- the inner periphery of the opening 16 in contact with the film 11 is rounded so that the film 11 can easily slide.
- a plate-like pusher that is not deformed when pressed with a finger may be arranged to facilitate the pushing of the film 11.
- the opposite side of the piezoelectric element 14 from the film 11 side is fixed to a housing (not shown) or the like.
- the piezoelectric element 14 includes a piezoelectric body and an electrode for applying a voltage to the piezoelectric body.
- the piezoelectric body is, for example, piezoelectric ceramics or piezoelectric resin.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the tactile sense presentation device 10.
- the control unit 18 applies an AC voltage to the electrode of the piezoelectric element 14.
- the control unit 18 includes a CPU, RAM, ROM, a drive circuit for driving the piezoelectric element 14, and the like.
- the configuration including the piezoelectric element 14 and the control unit 18 corresponds to the “drive unit” of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the operation of the tactile sense presentation device 10.
- the control unit 18 applies a voltage in a predetermined direction to the electrode of the piezoelectric element 14.
- FIG. 3B when a voltage in a predetermined direction is applied to the electrode of the piezoelectric element 14, the piezoelectric element 14 contracts. When the piezoelectric element 14 contracts, the film 11 is tensioned in the surface direction, and the film 11 is tightly stretched. Thereby, the finger F is pushed up.
- the controller 18 applies a voltage in the reverse direction to the electrode of the piezoelectric element 14, the piezoelectric element 14 expands.
- the piezoelectric element 14 is extended, the film 11 is loosened, and the portion of the upper surface of the film 11 that is pressed by the finger F is recessed again. In this way, the portion of the film 11 that is pressed with the finger F vibrates in the vertical direction in accordance with the AC voltage applied to the electrode of the piezoelectric element 14. The vibration of the film 11 is transmitted to the finger F.
- vibration is generated by moving the end of the film 11. For this reason, it is sufficient to provide the piezoelectric element 14 only in the vicinity of the end of the film 11, and it is not necessary to provide a mechanism for generating vibration at the lower part of the film 11. Further, since only the end of the film 11 is moved, the size of the piezoelectric element 14 can be reduced. As a result, the tactile sense presentation device 10 can be reduced in size and thickness. In addition, since the same vibration is transmitted to the finger F regardless of which key switch 13 is pressed, the user can feel the same vibration.
- FIG. 4A is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a main part of the tactile sense presentation device 20 according to the modification of the first embodiment.
- vibration is generated according to the rotation of the motor 26.
- the rotating shaft of the motor 26 is provided with an extending member 29 that extends in the radial direction.
- the end opposite to the side fixed to the holding member 15 is attached to the extending member 29.
- FIGS. 4B and 4C are schematic cross-sectional views showing the operation of the tactile sense presentation device 20.
- the control unit 18 applies a voltage to the motor 26 so that the rotation shaft of the motor 26 rotates in a predetermined direction.
- the extending member 29 rotates around the rotation shaft of the motor 26. Thereby, the film 11 is tensioned and the finger F is pushed up.
- the control unit 18 applies a voltage to the motor 26 so that the rotation shaft of the motor 26 rotates in the direction opposite to the predetermined direction.
- FIG. 5A is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a main part of a tactile sense presentation device 30 according to a modification of the first embodiment.
- vibration is generated using a cam mechanism.
- a cam 39 is provided on the rotating shaft of the motor 26.
- the cam 39 is disposed between the holding member 15 and the fixing member 42 and on the lower surface side of the film 11.
- the major axis direction of the cam 39 faces the direction parallel to the main surface of the film 11.
- the guide 41 is disposed between the holding member 15 and the cam 39 and on the upper surface side of the key sheet 12.
- FIG. 5 (B) and 5 (C) are schematic cross-sectional views illustrating the operation of the tactile sense presentation device 30.
- FIG. 5B when the user presses the key switch 13 with the finger F, the portion pressed with the finger F on the upper surface of the film 11 is recessed, and the control unit 18 applies a voltage to the motor 26. .
- the rotating shaft of the motor 26 and the cam 39 rotate.
- FIG. 5C when the protruding portion (cam nose) of the cam 39 faces upward, the portion of the film 11 between the guide 41 and the fixing member 42 is pulled upward.
- a portion of the film 11 on the side where the key switch 13 is disposed with respect to the guide 41 is pulled in a direction parallel to the main surface of the film 11.
- the finger F is pushed up.
- the protruding portion of the cam 39 faces in a direction other than the upward direction, the film 11 is loosened, and a portion of the upper surface of the film 11 that is pressed by the finger F is recessed. In this way, the portion of the film 11 that is pressed with the finger F vibrates in the vertical direction according to the rotation of the motor.
- FIG. 6A is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the main part of the tactile sense presentation device 50.
- the tactile sense presentation device 50 includes a piezoelectric film 51 instead of the film 11 (see FIG. 1), and does not include the piezoelectric element 14 (see FIG. 1). Both ends of the piezoelectric film 51 are fixed to both ends of the holding member 15 with an adhesive member 17. The piezoelectric film 51 is in a loose state.
- the piezoelectric film 51 includes a rectangular base film in plan view and electrodes formed on both main surfaces of the base film facing each other.
- the base film is a piezoelectric resin, and for example, a material such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) or a chiral polymer is used.
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- An example of the chiral polymer is L-type polylactic acid (PLLA).
- PLLA L-type polylactic acid
- a vapor deposition electrode such as aluminum (Al) or copper (Cu) for the electrode of the piezoelectric film 51.
- the control unit 18 When the user performs a pressing operation on the key switch 13, an AC voltage is applied to the electrode of the piezoelectric film 51 by the control unit 18 (see FIG. 2). Thereby, the piezoelectric film 51 expands and contracts in a direction parallel to the main surface. That is, the piezoelectric film 51 is deformed in the surface direction by applying a voltage.
- the control unit 18 corresponds to the “drive unit” of the present invention.
- FIG. 6B and FIG. 6C are schematic cross-sectional views showing the operation of the tactile sense presentation device 50.
- the piezoelectric film 51 is in a loose state, so that the portion of the upper surface of the piezoelectric film 51 that is pressed with the finger F is recessed.
- the control unit 18 applies a voltage in a predetermined direction to the electrodes of the piezoelectric film 51.
- FIG. 6C when a voltage in a predetermined direction is applied to the electrodes of the piezoelectric film 51, the piezoelectric film 51 contracts.
- the piezoelectric film 51 contracts, since both ends of the piezoelectric film 51 are fixed, the piezoelectric film 51 is tensioned and the finger F is pushed up.
- the control unit 18 applies a voltage in the reverse direction of the predetermined direction to the piezoelectric film 51, the piezoelectric film 51 expands.
- the piezoelectric film 51 is extended, the piezoelectric film 51 is loosened, and the portion of the upper surface of the piezoelectric film 51 that is pressed by the finger F is recessed again. In this way, the portion of the piezoelectric film 51 that is pressed with the finger F vibrates in the vertical direction according to the alternating voltage applied to the electrode of the piezoelectric film 51.
- the tactile sense presentation device 50 can be further downsized. Further, since the piezoelectric film 51 is long in the expansion / contraction direction, the length of the piezoelectric film 51 in the expansion / contraction direction greatly changes during expansion / contraction. For this reason, the part pressed with the finger F among the piezoelectric films 51 can be greatly displaced in the up-down direction. Moreover, since vibration is generated by the expansion and contraction of the piezoelectric film 51 itself, the user can easily feel the vibration. In addition, since the same vibration is transmitted to the finger F regardless of which key switch 13 is pressed, the user can feel the same vibration.
- FIG. 7A is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the main part of the tactile sense presentation device 60.
- the tactile presentation device 60 includes a holding member 65 instead of the holding member 15 (see FIG. 6), and includes a cushion material 73 in addition to the configuration of the tactile presentation device 50.
- the cushion material 73 corresponds to the “elastic member” of the present invention.
- the holding member 65 has a frame shape, and a rectangular opening is formed at the center of a rectangular flat plate.
- the opening of the holding member 65 is filled with a cushion material 73.
- the upper surface of the cushion material 73 is in contact with the lower surface of the piezoelectric film 51.
- FIG. 7B and FIG. 7C are schematic cross-sectional views showing the operation of the tactile sense presentation device 60.
- the piezoelectric film 51 is in a loose state, and therefore the portion of the piezoelectric film 51 and the cushion material 73 that is pressed with the finger F is recessed.
- the control unit 18 applies a voltage in a predetermined direction to the electrode of the piezoelectric film 51. As shown in FIG. 7B, when the user presses the key switch 13 with the finger F, the piezoelectric film 51 is in a loose state, and therefore the portion of the piezoelectric film 51 and the cushion material 73 that is pressed with the finger F is recessed. At the other part of the upper surface of the piezoelectric film 51, the shape is maintained by the vertical drag from the cushion material 73.
- the control unit 18 applies a voltage in a predetermined direction to the electrode of the piezoelectric film 51. As shown in FIG.
- the tactile sensation presentation device is made of a material with high translucency
- a holding member with a plurality of openings if a holding member with a plurality of openings is used, the translucency differs depending on where the openings are and where there are no openings. The material is noticeable.
- a cushion material 73 is provided below the piezoelectric film 51. Since the cushion material 73 does not have an opening or the like, it is difficult to stand out. For this reason, the tactile sense presentation device 60 can be made to appear more transparent.
- the finger when the key switch 13 is pressed with a finger, the finger is pushed back from the cushion material 73, so that a sense of pressing the key switch 13 can be strongly felt.
- the same effect as in the second embodiment can be obtained.
- the film when the tactile sense presentation device is not operating, the film is in a loose state, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the film may be tightly stretched when the tactile presentation device is not operating.
- the driving unit repeats loosening the tensioned film and returning the loosened film to the original state. Thereby, the part pressed with the finger among the films vibrates in the up-down direction.
- the portion other than the end portion of the film is in contact with the holding member, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- a portion other than the end portion of the film may be attached to the holding member with an adhesive or the like so that expansion and contraction in the surface direction of the film is not significantly suppressed.
- a flat plate having an opening is used as the holding member, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- a space or a cushion material may be formed at a position overlapping the key switch in a plan view, and a post or the like may be provided at other necessary positions.
- the piezoelectric element 14 or the like is used as a mechanism for driving the film 11, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a solenoid or the like may be used.
- the film that is deformed in the plane direction by applying a voltage is not limited to the piezoelectric film.
- Examples of the film that is deformed in the plane direction by applying a voltage include an electrostrictive film, an electret film, a composite film, and an electroactive film.
- Examples of the material of the electrostrictive film include a PVDF copolymer.
- Examples of the PVDF copolymer include copolymers such as P (VDF-TrFE) and terpolymers such as P (VDF-TrFE-CFE).
- An electroactive film is a film that generates stress when electrically driven or a film that deforms and deforms when electrically driven.
- an electrostrictive film a composite material (a material obtained by resin-molding piezoelectric ceramics), an electrically driven elastomer, or a liquid crystal elastomer.
- the “film that deforms in the plane direction when a voltage is applied” may be a single layer or a laminated layer. In particular, stronger vibration can be obtained by increasing the number of stacked layers.
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- User Interface Of Digital Computer (AREA)
- Push-Button Switches (AREA)
- Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)
- Input From Keyboards Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
A haptic device (10) comprising a film (11), a key switch (13), and a drive unit. An end section is fixed in the film (11) and a main surface can be recessed as a result of a pressing operation. The key switch (13) detects pressing operations on the main surface of the film (11). The drive unit changes the tension of the film (11) in the planar direction, as a result of causing a piezoelectric element (14) expanding and contracting, when the key switch (13) has detected a pressing operation.
Description
本発明は、利用者に振動を伝えることで触覚フィードバックを与える触覚提示装置に関する。
The present invention relates to a haptic presentation device that provides haptic feedback by transmitting vibration to a user.
触覚提示装置として、例えば、特許文献1に記載のタッチ式入力装置がある。このタッチ式入力装置は、複数のスイッチ部が設けられたメンブレインスイッチ、メンブレインスイッチの下部に設けられた振動発生手段、および、スイッチ部の動作状態を検出して振動発生手段に振動を発生させる制御部を備える。このタッチ式入力装置では、操作者が指でスイッチ部を押すと、制御部が振動発生手段を駆動させる。振動発生手段の駆動により生じた振動が指に伝達されるので、操作者は操作感を得ることができる。
As a tactile sense presentation device, for example, there is a touch input device described in Patent Document 1. This touch-type input device is a membrane switch provided with a plurality of switch parts, a vibration generating means provided at the lower part of the membrane switch, and generates vibration in the vibration generating means by detecting the operating state of the switch part. A control unit is provided. In this touch-type input device, when the operator presses the switch unit with a finger, the control unit drives the vibration generating means. Since the vibration generated by driving the vibration generating means is transmitted to the finger, the operator can obtain a feeling of operation.
特許文献1に記載のタッチ式入力装置では、振動発生手段が全てのスイッチ部に対向するように設けられている。また、振動発生手段は、例えば、分銅付きモータ等を含む。このため、振動発生手段のサイズが大きくなり、延いては、タッチ式入力装置が厚くなるおそれがある。
In the touch-type input device described in Patent Document 1, the vibration generating means is provided so as to face all the switch portions. The vibration generating means includes, for example, a motor with a weight. For this reason, the size of the vibration generating means is increased, and as a result, the touch input device may be thick.
本発明の目的は、薄型化することができる触覚提示装置を提供することにある。
An object of the present invention is to provide a tactile sense presentation device that can be thinned.
本発明の触覚提示装置は、フィルム、押込操作検出部および駆動部を備える。このフィルムでは、端部が固定され、押込操作により主面が凹むことが可能である。押込操作検出部は、フィルムの前記主面に対する押込操作を検出する。駆動部は、押込操作検出部が押込操作を検出したときに、フィルムの面方向の張力を変化させる。
The tactile sense presentation device of the present invention includes a film, a push-in operation detection unit, and a drive unit. In this film, the end portion is fixed, and the main surface can be recessed by pressing operation. The pressing operation detection unit detects a pressing operation on the main surface of the film. A drive part changes the tension | tensile_strength of the surface direction of a film, when a pushing operation detection part detects pushing operation.
この構成によれば、ユーザが指で押込操作検出部を押すと、駆動部は、フィルムを伸縮させる。これにより、フィルムのうち指で押された部分は上下方向に振動し、フィルムの振動は指に伝達される。このように、駆動部はフィルムの面方向の張力を変化させるだけなので、駆動部を押込操作検出部の下部に設ける必要がない。このため、触覚提示装置を薄型化することができる。また、この構成によれば、どの押込操作検出部を押しても、同じ振動が指に伝達されるので、ユーザは同じ振動を感じることができる。
According to this configuration, when the user presses the pressing operation detection unit with a finger, the driving unit expands and contracts the film. As a result, the portion of the film pressed by the finger vibrates in the vertical direction, and the vibration of the film is transmitted to the finger. Thus, since the drive unit only changes the tension in the surface direction of the film, it is not necessary to provide the drive unit below the pushing operation detection unit. For this reason, a tactile sense presentation apparatus can be reduced in thickness. Further, according to this configuration, since the same vibration is transmitted to the finger regardless of which pressing operation detection unit is pressed, the user can feel the same vibration.
本発明の触覚提示装置では、フィルムの前記主面の反対側に空間または弾力性部材が設けられることが好ましい。この構成によれば、ユーザが指で押込操作検出部を押したとき、フィルムの主面は凹むことができる。また、フィルムの下部(前記主面の反対側)が空間の場合、キー(押込操作検出部)毎に開口部を設けた保持部材が必要になるが、フィルムの下部が弾力性部材の場合、必ずしもキー毎に開口部を設ける必要が無い。すなわち、キー毎に設けた開口部に弾力性部材を挿入しても良いし、平面視でキー全体に重なるような弾力性部材を挿入しても良い。また、フィルムの下部に弾力性部材を挿入した場合、フィルムの張力の大小に関わらず、弾力性部材がフィルムの土台として作用するため、非操作時にフィルムが緩んで開口部を目立たせることは無い。キー毎に開口部を設けることによるメリットは隣り合うキーの位置を触感的に感じ取りやすいことである。逆に全体に弾力性部材を配置する場合はキー毎に弾力性部材を挿入した時と比べて製造面で作りやすいことや、挿入する弾力性部材の材料バラつきが発生しにくいメリットがある。また、指で押込操作検出部を押すと、指が弾力性部材から押し返されるので、押込操作検出部を押した感覚を強く感じることができる。
In the tactile sense presentation device of the present invention, it is preferable that a space or an elastic member is provided on the opposite side of the main surface of the film. According to this configuration, when the user presses the pressing operation detection unit with a finger, the main surface of the film can be recessed. In addition, when the lower part of the film (opposite side of the main surface) is a space, a holding member provided with an opening for each key (pushing operation detecting part) is required, but when the lower part of the film is an elastic member, It is not always necessary to provide an opening for each key. That is, an elastic member may be inserted into the opening provided for each key, or an elastic member that overlaps the entire key in plan view may be inserted. Also, when an elastic member is inserted in the lower part of the film, the elastic member acts as the base of the film regardless of the tension of the film, so that the film does not loosen and does not stand out when not in operation. . An advantage of providing an opening for each key is that it is easy to feel the position of adjacent keys tactilely. On the other hand, when the elastic member is arranged as a whole, there are advantages that it is easier to manufacture in terms of manufacturing than the case where the elastic member is inserted for each key, and that the material of the elastic member to be inserted does not easily vary. Further, when the pushing operation detection unit is pushed with a finger, the finger is pushed back from the elastic member, so that a feeling of pushing the pushing operation detection unit can be strongly felt.
本発明の触覚提示装置では、フィルムの一方の端部は固定され、フィルムの他方の端部は駆動部に取付けられてもよい。この構成によれば、駆動部は、フィルムの端部を動かすことでフィルムの面方向の張力を変化させる。このため、フィルムの端部付近のみに駆動部を設ければよい。また、フィルムの端部を動かすだけなので、駆動部のサイズを小さくすることができる。このため、触覚提示装置を小型化および薄型化することができる。なお、フィルムと駆動部の組み合わせは、1つでも良いし、キーのエリアごとに分けるなど複数設けても良い。例えば右手領域と左手領域に分けることもできる。フィルムと駆動部の組み合わせを1つで構成した場合は、構造が簡単にできるメリットがある。またフィルムと駆動部の組み合わせを複数設けた場合は、キーのタイピングスピードが早くても対応が容易になるメリットがある。
In the tactile sense presentation device of the present invention, one end of the film may be fixed and the other end of the film may be attached to the driving unit. According to this structure, a drive part changes the tension | tensile_strength of the surface direction of a film by moving the edge part of a film. For this reason, a drive part should just be provided only in the edge part vicinity of a film. Further, since only the end of the film is moved, the size of the drive unit can be reduced. For this reason, a tactile sense presentation apparatus can be reduced in size and thickness. The number of combinations of the film and the drive unit may be one, or a plurality of combinations may be provided, such as dividing each key area. For example, it can be divided into a right-hand region and a left-hand region. When the combination of the film and the drive unit is constituted by one, there is an advantage that the structure can be simplified. In addition, when a plurality of combinations of films and driving units are provided, there is an advantage that it is easy to handle even if the key typing speed is high.
本発明の触覚提示装置は次のように構成されてもよい。フィルムの両端部は固定される。フィルムは電圧を加えることで面方向に変形する。駆動部は、押込操作検出部が押込操作を検出したときに、フィルムに電圧を印加する。この構成では、フィルムの端部を動かす機構が必要ないので、触覚提示装置をさらに小型化することができる。また、フィルム自体が伸縮することで振動が生じるので、ユーザは振動を感じやすい。なお、ここではフィルムの両端を固定しても良好な振動を得ることが出来るが、上記で示したようなフィルムの一方端部を固定してフィルムの他方の端部を駆動部にとりつけても良い。この場合、両方の振動を得ることが出来るので、より大きな振動を得ることができる。
The haptic presentation device of the present invention may be configured as follows. Both ends of the film are fixed. The film is deformed in the surface direction by applying a voltage. The driving unit applies a voltage to the film when the pressing operation detecting unit detects the pressing operation. In this configuration, a mechanism for moving the end portion of the film is not necessary, so that the tactile sense presentation device can be further reduced in size. Moreover, since vibration is generated by the expansion and contraction of the film itself, the user can easily feel the vibration. Here, good vibration can be obtained even if both ends of the film are fixed, but one end of the film as shown above may be fixed and the other end of the film may be attached to the drive unit. good. In this case, since both vibrations can be obtained, a larger vibration can be obtained.
本発明の触覚提示装置では、フィルムは、両主面に電極が形成された圧電性樹脂からなる圧電フィルムでもよい。
In the tactile presentation device of the present invention, the film may be a piezoelectric film made of a piezoelectric resin having electrodes formed on both main surfaces.
本発明の触覚提示装置では、圧電性樹脂はポリフッ化ビニリデンを材料としてもよい。この構成では、ポリフッ化ビニリデン(PVDF)に耐水性があるため、例えば触覚提示装置を含む電子機器をどのような湿度環境下においても同じようなクリック感を得ることができるメリットがある。
In the tactile sense presentation device of the present invention, the piezoelectric resin may be made of polyvinylidene fluoride as a material. In this configuration, since polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) has water resistance, there is an advantage that, for example, an electronic device including a tactile sensation presentation device can obtain a similar click feeling under any humidity environment.
本発明の触覚提示装置では、圧電性樹脂はポリ乳酸を材料としてもよい。この構成では、ポリ乳酸は透過性の高い材料であるため、ポリ乳酸に付加する電極やキーシートに透明な材料を用いると、振動機能を製造した際に振動機能の内部状況を視認出来るため、製造上のメリットがある。また、振動機能内部にライトなどの発光源を配置することによって暗いところでもキーの位置を視認することができる。また、PLLAは焦電性が無いため、例えば触覚提示装置を含む電子機器をどのような温度環境下においても同じようなクリック感を得ることができるメリットがある。
In the tactile sense presentation device of the present invention, the piezoelectric resin may be made of polylactic acid. In this configuration, since polylactic acid is a highly permeable material, if a transparent material is used for the electrode or key sheet added to polylactic acid, the internal state of the vibration function can be visually confirmed when the vibration function is manufactured. There are manufacturing advantages. Moreover, the position of the key can be visually recognized even in a dark place by arranging a light emitting source such as a light inside the vibration function. In addition, since PLLA has no pyroelectricity, for example, there is an advantage that a similar click feeling can be obtained in any temperature environment for an electronic device including a tactile sense presentation device.
本発明によれば、触覚提示装置を薄型化することができる。
According to the present invention, the tactile sense presentation device can be thinned.
《第1の実施形態》
本発明の第1の実施形態に係る触覚提示装置10について説明する。図1(A)は触覚提示装置10の模式的な外観斜視図である。図1(B)は、触覚提示装置10の要部を示す模式的断面図である。触覚提示装置10は、いわゆるキーボードであり、略矩形平板状である。触覚提示装置10の上面には、キー配列に対応した位置に複数のキースイッチ13が設けられている。キースイッチ13はユーザによる押込操作を検出する。キースイッチ13は本発明の「押込操作検出部」に相当する。 << First Embodiment >>
A tactilesense presentation device 10 according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1A is a schematic external perspective view of the tactile presentation device 10. FIG. 1B is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the main part of the tactile sense presentation device 10. The tactile sense presentation device 10 is a so-called keyboard and has a substantially rectangular flat plate shape. A plurality of key switches 13 are provided on the upper surface of the tactile sense presentation device 10 at positions corresponding to the key arrangement. The key switch 13 detects a pressing operation by the user. The key switch 13 corresponds to a “push operation detection unit” of the present invention.
本発明の第1の実施形態に係る触覚提示装置10について説明する。図1(A)は触覚提示装置10の模式的な外観斜視図である。図1(B)は、触覚提示装置10の要部を示す模式的断面図である。触覚提示装置10は、いわゆるキーボードであり、略矩形平板状である。触覚提示装置10の上面には、キー配列に対応した位置に複数のキースイッチ13が設けられている。キースイッチ13はユーザによる押込操作を検出する。キースイッチ13は本発明の「押込操作検出部」に相当する。 << First Embodiment >>
A tactile
触覚提示装置10は、フィルム11、キーシート12、圧電素子14および保持部材15を備える。保持部材15の上面には、フィルム11が配置されている。フィルム11の上面には、キーシート12が貼付されている。フィルム11の一方の端部は保持部材15に固定されている。フィルム11の他方の端部およびそれに対応するキーシート12の端部は、圧電素子14に取付けられている。フィルム11の上面は押込操作により凹むことが可能である。フィルム11は緩んだ状態になっている。
The tactile sense presentation device 10 includes a film 11, a key sheet 12, a piezoelectric element 14, and a holding member 15. The film 11 is disposed on the upper surface of the holding member 15. A key sheet 12 is affixed to the upper surface of the film 11. One end of the film 11 is fixed to the holding member 15. The other end of the film 11 and the corresponding end of the key sheet 12 are attached to the piezoelectric element 14. The upper surface of the film 11 can be recessed by pushing operation. The film 11 is in a loose state.
フィルム11は、平面視で矩形状であり、樹脂製の薄膜等からなる。フィルム11の端部は、接着部材17で保持部材15に固定されている。フィルム11の端部以外の部分は、保持部材15に接触しているだけであり、固定されていない。キーシート12は平面視で矩形状である。キーシート12には、複数のキースイッチ13が設けられている。キースイッチ13は、メンブレイン式、静電容量式、圧電フィルム式等の方式で構成されている。
The film 11 has a rectangular shape in plan view, and is made of a resin thin film. The end of the film 11 is fixed to the holding member 15 with an adhesive member 17. Portions other than the end portion of the film 11 are only in contact with the holding member 15 and are not fixed. The key sheet 12 has a rectangular shape in plan view. A plurality of key switches 13 are provided on the key sheet 12. The key switch 13 is configured by a membrane type, a capacitance type, a piezoelectric film type, or the like.
保持部材15は、矩形状の平板に複数の開口部16が形成されてなり、金属、樹脂等を材料とする。開口部16は、各々のキースイッチ13に対応し、平面視でキースイッチ13に重なるように形成されている。なお、開口部16は、保持部材15を貫通するようなものでも良いし、貫通していない凹みのようなものでも良い。ここではフィルム11の動きを阻害しないものであれば良い。
The holding member 15 has a plurality of openings 16 formed in a rectangular flat plate, and is made of metal, resin, or the like. The opening 16 corresponds to each key switch 13 and is formed to overlap the key switch 13 in plan view. The opening 16 may be one that penetrates the holding member 15 or may be a dent that does not penetrate. Here, any film that does not hinder the movement of the film 11 may be used.
開口部16のフィルム11に接する内周部に丸みを設けて、フィルム11がすべりやすくしておくとなお良い。開口部16上のキーシート12の上には、指で押した時変形しない板状の押し子を配置しフィルム11を押込みやすくしても良い。
It is more preferable that the inner periphery of the opening 16 in contact with the film 11 is rounded so that the film 11 can easily slide. On the key sheet 12 on the opening 16, a plate-like pusher that is not deformed when pressed with a finger may be arranged to facilitate the pushing of the film 11.
圧電素子14におけるフィルム11側の反対側は、筐体(図示せず)等に固定されている。圧電素子14は、圧電体と、圧電体に電圧を印加するための電極とからなる。圧電体は、例えば、圧電セラミックス、圧電性樹脂等である。
The opposite side of the piezoelectric element 14 from the film 11 side is fixed to a housing (not shown) or the like. The piezoelectric element 14 includes a piezoelectric body and an electrode for applying a voltage to the piezoelectric body. The piezoelectric body is, for example, piezoelectric ceramics or piezoelectric resin.
図2は、触覚提示装置10の構成を示すブロック図である。ユーザがキースイッチ13に対して押込操作を行うと、制御部18が圧電素子14の電極に交流電圧を印加する。これにより、圧電素子14はフィルム11の主面に平行な方向に伸縮する。なお、制御部18は、CPU、RAM、ROM、圧電素子14を駆動するための駆動回路等から構成される。第1の実施形態では、圧電素子14および制御部18からなる構成が本発明の「駆動部」に相当する。
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the tactile sense presentation device 10. When the user performs a pressing operation on the key switch 13, the control unit 18 applies an AC voltage to the electrode of the piezoelectric element 14. Thereby, the piezoelectric element 14 expands and contracts in a direction parallel to the main surface of the film 11. The control unit 18 includes a CPU, RAM, ROM, a drive circuit for driving the piezoelectric element 14, and the like. In the first embodiment, the configuration including the piezoelectric element 14 and the control unit 18 corresponds to the “drive unit” of the present invention.
図3は、触覚提示装置10の動作を示す模式的断面図である。図3(A)に示すように、ユーザが指Fでキースイッチ13を押すと、フィルム11が緩い状態になっているので、フィルム11の上面のうち指Fで押された部分が凹む。また、制御部18は圧電素子14の電極に所定方向の電圧を印加する。図3(B)に示すように、圧電素子14の電極に所定方向の電圧が印加されると、圧電素子14が収縮する。圧電素子14が収縮すると、フィルム11に面方向の張力がかかり、フィルム11がぴんと張られる。これにより、指Fが突き上げられる。次に、制御部18が圧電素子14の電極に所定方向の逆方向の電圧を印加すると、圧電素子14が伸長する。圧電素子14が伸長すると、フィルム11が緩み、フィルム11の上面のうち指Fで押された部分が再び凹む。このようにして、フィルム11のうち指Fで押された部分は、圧電素子14の電極に印加される交流電圧に応じて上下方向に振動する。そして、フィルム11の振動は指Fに伝達される。
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the operation of the tactile sense presentation device 10. As shown in FIG. 3A, when the user presses the key switch 13 with the finger F, since the film 11 is in a loose state, the portion pressed with the finger F on the upper surface of the film 11 is recessed. The control unit 18 applies a voltage in a predetermined direction to the electrode of the piezoelectric element 14. As shown in FIG. 3B, when a voltage in a predetermined direction is applied to the electrode of the piezoelectric element 14, the piezoelectric element 14 contracts. When the piezoelectric element 14 contracts, the film 11 is tensioned in the surface direction, and the film 11 is tightly stretched. Thereby, the finger F is pushed up. Next, when the controller 18 applies a voltage in the reverse direction to the electrode of the piezoelectric element 14, the piezoelectric element 14 expands. When the piezoelectric element 14 is extended, the film 11 is loosened, and the portion of the upper surface of the film 11 that is pressed by the finger F is recessed again. In this way, the portion of the film 11 that is pressed with the finger F vibrates in the vertical direction in accordance with the AC voltage applied to the electrode of the piezoelectric element 14. The vibration of the film 11 is transmitted to the finger F.
第1の実施形態では、フィルム11の端部を動かすことで振動を発生させる。このため、フィルム11の端部付近のみに圧電素子14を設ければよく、振動を発生させる機構をフィルム11の下部に設ける必要がない。また、フィルム11の端部を動かすだけなので、圧電素子14のサイズを小さくすることができる。この結果、触覚提示装置10を小型化および薄型化することができる。また、どのキースイッチ13を押しても、同じ振動が指Fに伝達されるので、ユーザは同じ振動を感じることができる。
In the first embodiment, vibration is generated by moving the end of the film 11. For this reason, it is sufficient to provide the piezoelectric element 14 only in the vicinity of the end of the film 11, and it is not necessary to provide a mechanism for generating vibration at the lower part of the film 11. Further, since only the end of the film 11 is moved, the size of the piezoelectric element 14 can be reduced. As a result, the tactile sense presentation device 10 can be reduced in size and thickness. In addition, since the same vibration is transmitted to the finger F regardless of which key switch 13 is pressed, the user can feel the same vibration.
図4(A)は、第1の実施形態の変形例に係る触覚提示装置20の要部を示す模式的断面図である。触覚提示装置20では、モータ26の回転に応じて振動が発生する。モータ26の回転軸には、その動径方向に延出する延出部材29が設けられている。フィルム11およびキーシート12の端部のうち保持部材15に固定された側の反対側の端部は、延出部材29に取付けられている。
FIG. 4A is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a main part of the tactile sense presentation device 20 according to the modification of the first embodiment. In the tactile sense presentation device 20, vibration is generated according to the rotation of the motor 26. The rotating shaft of the motor 26 is provided with an extending member 29 that extends in the radial direction. Of the ends of the film 11 and the key sheet 12, the end opposite to the side fixed to the holding member 15 is attached to the extending member 29.
図4(B)および図4(C)は、触覚提示装置20の動作を示す模式的断面図である。図4(B)に示すように、ユーザがキースイッチ13を押すと、フィルム11の上面のうち指Fで押された部分が凹む。また、制御部18は、モータ26の回転軸が所定方向に回転するように、モータ26に電圧を印加する。図4(C)に示すように、モータ26の回転軸が所定方向に回転すると、延出部材29がモータ26の回転軸の周りに回転する。これにより、フィルム11がぴんと張られ、指Fが突き上げられる。次に、制御部18は、モータ26の回転軸が所定方向の逆方向に回転するように、モータ26に電圧を印加する。モータ26の回転軸が所定方向の逆方向に回転すると、延出部材29が元の位置に戻る。これにより、フィルム11が緩み、フィルム11の上面のうち指Fで押された部分が凹む。このようにして、フィルム11のうち指Fで押された部分は、モータ26に印加される電圧に応じて上下方向に振動する。
FIGS. 4B and 4C are schematic cross-sectional views showing the operation of the tactile sense presentation device 20. As shown in FIG. 4B, when the user presses the key switch 13, the portion of the upper surface of the film 11 that is pressed with the finger F is recessed. Further, the control unit 18 applies a voltage to the motor 26 so that the rotation shaft of the motor 26 rotates in a predetermined direction. As shown in FIG. 4C, when the rotation shaft of the motor 26 rotates in a predetermined direction, the extending member 29 rotates around the rotation shaft of the motor 26. Thereby, the film 11 is tensioned and the finger F is pushed up. Next, the control unit 18 applies a voltage to the motor 26 so that the rotation shaft of the motor 26 rotates in the direction opposite to the predetermined direction. When the rotation shaft of the motor 26 rotates in the direction opposite to the predetermined direction, the extending member 29 returns to the original position. Thereby, the film 11 loosens and the part pressed with the finger F among the upper surfaces of the film 11 is dented. In this manner, the portion of the film 11 that is pressed with the finger F vibrates in the vertical direction according to the voltage applied to the motor 26.
図5(A)は、第1の実施形態の変形例に係る触覚提示装置30の要部を示す模式的断面図である。触覚提示装置30では、カム機構を利用して振動を発生させる。フィルム11およびキーシート12の端部のうち保持部材15に固定された側の反対側の端部は、固定部材42に固定されている。モータ26の回転軸にはカム39が設けられている。カム39は、保持部材15と固定部材42との間で、かつ、フィルム11の下面側に配置している。カム39の長径方向はフィルム11の主面に平行な方向を向いている。ガイド41は、保持部材15とカム39との間で、かつ、キーシート12の上面側に配置されている。
FIG. 5A is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a main part of a tactile sense presentation device 30 according to a modification of the first embodiment. In the tactile sense presentation device 30, vibration is generated using a cam mechanism. Out of the ends of the film 11 and the key sheet 12, the end opposite to the side fixed to the holding member 15 is fixed to the fixing member 42. A cam 39 is provided on the rotating shaft of the motor 26. The cam 39 is disposed between the holding member 15 and the fixing member 42 and on the lower surface side of the film 11. The major axis direction of the cam 39 faces the direction parallel to the main surface of the film 11. The guide 41 is disposed between the holding member 15 and the cam 39 and on the upper surface side of the key sheet 12.
図5(B)および図5(C)は、触覚提示装置30の動作を示す模式的断面図である。図5(B)に示すように、ユーザが指Fでキースイッチ13を押すと、フィルム11の上面のうち指Fで押された部分が凹むとともに、制御部18がモータ26に電圧を印加する。モータ26に電圧が印加されると、モータ26の回転軸そしてカム39が回転する。図5(C)に示すように、カム39の突出部(カムノーズ)が上方向を向くと、フィルム11のうちガイド41と固定部材42との間にある部分は上方向に引っ張られる。そして、フィルム11のうちガイド41に対してキースイッチ13が配置された側の部分は、フィルム11の主面に平行な方向に引っ張られる。これにより、フィルム11がぴんと張られるので、指Fが突き上げられる。カム39の突出部が上方向以外を向くと、フィルム11が緩み、フィルム11の上面のうち指Fで押された部分が凹む。このようにして、フィルム11のうち指Fで押された部分は、モータの回転に応じて上下方向に振動する。
5 (B) and 5 (C) are schematic cross-sectional views illustrating the operation of the tactile sense presentation device 30. FIG. As shown in FIG. 5B, when the user presses the key switch 13 with the finger F, the portion pressed with the finger F on the upper surface of the film 11 is recessed, and the control unit 18 applies a voltage to the motor 26. . When a voltage is applied to the motor 26, the rotating shaft of the motor 26 and the cam 39 rotate. As shown in FIG. 5C, when the protruding portion (cam nose) of the cam 39 faces upward, the portion of the film 11 between the guide 41 and the fixing member 42 is pulled upward. A portion of the film 11 on the side where the key switch 13 is disposed with respect to the guide 41 is pulled in a direction parallel to the main surface of the film 11. Thereby, since the film 11 is tightly tensioned, the finger F is pushed up. When the protruding portion of the cam 39 faces in a direction other than the upward direction, the film 11 is loosened, and a portion of the upper surface of the film 11 that is pressed by the finger F is recessed. In this way, the portion of the film 11 that is pressed with the finger F vibrates in the vertical direction according to the rotation of the motor.
《第2の実施形態》
本発明の第2の実施形態に係る触覚提示装置50について説明する。以下では、触覚提示装置10(図1参照)と異なる点について説明する。図6(A)は、触覚提示装置50要部を示す模式的断面図である。触覚提示装置50は、フィルム11(図1参照)に代えて圧電フィルム51を備え、圧電素子14(図1参照)を備えていない。圧電フィルム51の両端部は接着部材17で保持部材15の両端部に固定されている。圧電フィルム51は緩んだ状態になっている。 << Second Embodiment >>
A tactilesensation presentation device 50 according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. Below, a different point from the tactile sense presentation apparatus 10 (refer FIG. 1) is demonstrated. FIG. 6A is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the main part of the tactile sense presentation device 50. The tactile sense presentation device 50 includes a piezoelectric film 51 instead of the film 11 (see FIG. 1), and does not include the piezoelectric element 14 (see FIG. 1). Both ends of the piezoelectric film 51 are fixed to both ends of the holding member 15 with an adhesive member 17. The piezoelectric film 51 is in a loose state.
本発明の第2の実施形態に係る触覚提示装置50について説明する。以下では、触覚提示装置10(図1参照)と異なる点について説明する。図6(A)は、触覚提示装置50要部を示す模式的断面図である。触覚提示装置50は、フィルム11(図1参照)に代えて圧電フィルム51を備え、圧電素子14(図1参照)を備えていない。圧電フィルム51の両端部は接着部材17で保持部材15の両端部に固定されている。圧電フィルム51は緩んだ状態になっている。 << Second Embodiment >>
A tactile
圧電フィルム51は、平面視で矩形状のベースフィルムと、ベースフィルムの対向する両主面に形成された電極とを備える。ベースフィルムは、圧電性樹脂であり、例えばポリフッ化ビニリデン(PVDF)、キラル高分子等の材料を用いる。キラル高分子は、例えば、L型ポリ乳酸(PLLA)等である。PLLAを使う時は、1軸延伸方向から45±10°もしくは-45±10°の方向が押圧時のフィルム伸長方向とほぼ平行になるように配置すると良い。
The piezoelectric film 51 includes a rectangular base film in plan view and electrodes formed on both main surfaces of the base film facing each other. The base film is a piezoelectric resin, and for example, a material such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) or a chiral polymer is used. An example of the chiral polymer is L-type polylactic acid (PLLA). When using PLLA, it is preferable that the direction of 45 ± 10 ° or −45 ± 10 ° from the uniaxial stretching direction is substantially parallel to the direction of film extension during pressing.
圧電フィルム51の電極には、アルミ(Al)、銅(Cu)等の蒸着電極を用いることが好ましい。なお、圧電フィルム11の電極に透明性が必要な場合は、酸化インジウムスズ(ITO)、酸化亜鉛(ZnO)、ポリチオフェンを主成分とする電極材料や、銀ナノワイヤ電極材料を用いることが好ましい。なお、圧電フィルム51の電極には、カーボンナノチューブやカーボンファイバー等のカーボンを成分とする電極材料を用いることも可能である。
It is preferable to use a vapor deposition electrode such as aluminum (Al) or copper (Cu) for the electrode of the piezoelectric film 51. In addition, when transparency is required for the electrode of the piezoelectric film 11, it is preferable to use an electrode material mainly composed of indium tin oxide (ITO), zinc oxide (ZnO), polythiophene, or a silver nanowire electrode material. In addition, it is also possible to use the electrode material which uses carbon as a component, such as a carbon nanotube and a carbon fiber, for the electrode of the piezoelectric film 51.
ユーザがキースイッチ13に対して押込操作を行うと、制御部18(図2参照)により圧電フィルム51の電極に交流電圧が印加される。これにより、圧電フィルム51はその主面に平行な方向に伸縮する。すなわち、圧電フィルム51は、電圧を加えることで面方向に変形する。第2の実施形態では、制御部18が本発明の「駆動部」に相当する。
When the user performs a pressing operation on the key switch 13, an AC voltage is applied to the electrode of the piezoelectric film 51 by the control unit 18 (see FIG. 2). Thereby, the piezoelectric film 51 expands and contracts in a direction parallel to the main surface. That is, the piezoelectric film 51 is deformed in the surface direction by applying a voltage. In the second embodiment, the control unit 18 corresponds to the “drive unit” of the present invention.
図6(B)および図6(C)は、触覚提示装置50の動作を示す模式的断面図である。図6(B)に示すように、ユーザが指Fでキースイッチ13を押すと、圧電フィルム51が緩い状態なので、圧電フィルム51の上面のうち指Fで押された部分が凹む。また、制御部18は圧電フィルム51の電極に所定方向の電圧を印加する。図6(C)に示すように、圧電フィルム51の電極に所定方向の電圧が印加されると、圧電フィルム51が収縮する。圧電フィルム51が収縮すると、圧電フィルム51の両端部が固定されているので、圧電フィルム51がぴんと張られ、指Fが突き上げられる。次に、制御部18が圧電フィルム51に所定方向の逆方向の電圧を印加すると、圧電フィルム51が伸長する。圧電フィルム51が伸長すると、圧電フィルム51が緩み、圧電フィルム51の上面のうち指Fで押された部分が再び凹む。このようにして、圧電フィルム51のうち指Fで押された部分は、圧電フィルム51の電極に印加される交流電圧に応じて上下方向に振動する。
FIG. 6B and FIG. 6C are schematic cross-sectional views showing the operation of the tactile sense presentation device 50. As shown in FIG. 6B, when the user presses the key switch 13 with the finger F, the piezoelectric film 51 is in a loose state, so that the portion of the upper surface of the piezoelectric film 51 that is pressed with the finger F is recessed. Further, the control unit 18 applies a voltage in a predetermined direction to the electrodes of the piezoelectric film 51. As shown in FIG. 6C, when a voltage in a predetermined direction is applied to the electrodes of the piezoelectric film 51, the piezoelectric film 51 contracts. When the piezoelectric film 51 contracts, since both ends of the piezoelectric film 51 are fixed, the piezoelectric film 51 is tensioned and the finger F is pushed up. Next, when the control unit 18 applies a voltage in the reverse direction of the predetermined direction to the piezoelectric film 51, the piezoelectric film 51 expands. When the piezoelectric film 51 is extended, the piezoelectric film 51 is loosened, and the portion of the upper surface of the piezoelectric film 51 that is pressed by the finger F is recessed again. In this way, the portion of the piezoelectric film 51 that is pressed with the finger F vibrates in the vertical direction according to the alternating voltage applied to the electrode of the piezoelectric film 51.
特に、指Fでキースイッチ13を押すと、緩く張った圧電フィルム51は両端が固定されているため、指Fで押すことによって圧電フィルム51がピンと張った状態になる。この状態になってから圧電フィルム51に電圧を印加して圧電フィルム51を収縮させるので、指Fが突き上げられた感触をより感じるようにすることができる。
In particular, when the key switch 13 is pressed with the finger F, both ends of the loosely stretched piezoelectric film 51 are fixed. Therefore, when the finger F is pressed, the piezoelectric film 51 becomes tight. In this state, the piezoelectric film 51 is contracted by applying a voltage to the piezoelectric film 51, so that the touch of the finger F pushed up can be felt more.
第2の実施形態では、フィルム11の端部を動かすための圧電素子やモータが必要ないので、触覚提示装置50をさらに小型化することができる。また、圧電フィルム51は伸縮方向に長いので、圧電フィルム51の伸縮方向の長さは伸縮時に大きく変化する。このため、圧電フィルム51のうち指Fで押された部分を上下方向に大きく変位させることができる。また、圧電フィルム51自体が伸縮することで振動が生じるので、ユーザは振動を感じやすい。また、どのキースイッチ13を押しても、同じ振動が指Fに伝達されるので、ユーザは同じ振動を感じることができる。
In the second embodiment, since a piezoelectric element and a motor for moving the end of the film 11 are not required, the tactile sense presentation device 50 can be further downsized. Further, since the piezoelectric film 51 is long in the expansion / contraction direction, the length of the piezoelectric film 51 in the expansion / contraction direction greatly changes during expansion / contraction. For this reason, the part pressed with the finger F among the piezoelectric films 51 can be greatly displaced in the up-down direction. Moreover, since vibration is generated by the expansion and contraction of the piezoelectric film 51 itself, the user can easily feel the vibration. In addition, since the same vibration is transmitted to the finger F regardless of which key switch 13 is pressed, the user can feel the same vibration.
《第3の実施形態》
本発明の第3の実施形態に係る触覚提示装置60について説明する。以下では、触覚提示装置50(図6参照)と異なる点について説明する。図7(A)は、触覚提示装置60の要部を示す模式的断面図である。触覚提示装置60は、保持部材15(図6参照)に代えて保持部材65を備え、触覚提示装置50の構成に加えてクッション材73を備える。クッション材73は本発明の「弾力性部材」に相当する。 << Third Embodiment >>
Ahaptic presentation device 60 according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. Below, a different point from the tactile sense presentation apparatus 50 (refer FIG. 6) is demonstrated. FIG. 7A is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the main part of the tactile sense presentation device 60. The tactile presentation device 60 includes a holding member 65 instead of the holding member 15 (see FIG. 6), and includes a cushion material 73 in addition to the configuration of the tactile presentation device 50. The cushion material 73 corresponds to the “elastic member” of the present invention.
本発明の第3の実施形態に係る触覚提示装置60について説明する。以下では、触覚提示装置50(図6参照)と異なる点について説明する。図7(A)は、触覚提示装置60の要部を示す模式的断面図である。触覚提示装置60は、保持部材15(図6参照)に代えて保持部材65を備え、触覚提示装置50の構成に加えてクッション材73を備える。クッション材73は本発明の「弾力性部材」に相当する。 << Third Embodiment >>
A
保持部材65は、枠状であり、矩形状の平板の中央部に矩形状の開口部が形成されてなる。保持部材65の開口部には、クッション材73が充填されている。クッション材73の上面は圧電フィルム51の下面に接触している。
The holding member 65 has a frame shape, and a rectangular opening is formed at the center of a rectangular flat plate. The opening of the holding member 65 is filled with a cushion material 73. The upper surface of the cushion material 73 is in contact with the lower surface of the piezoelectric film 51.
図7(B)および図7(C)は、触覚提示装置60の動作を示す模式的断面図である。図7(B)に示すように、ユーザが指Fでキースイッチ13を押すと、圧電フィルム51が緩い状態なので、圧電フィルム51およびクッション材73のうち指Fで押された部分が凹む。圧電フィルム51の上面の他の部分では、クッション材73からの垂直抗力により形状が維持される。また、制御部18(図2参照)は圧電フィルム51の電極に所定方向の電圧を印加する。図7(C)に示すように、圧電フィルム51の電極に所定方向の電圧が印加されると、第2の実施形態の場合と同様に、圧電フィルム51がぴんと張られ、指Fが突き上げられる。次に、制御部18が圧電フィルム51の電極に所定方向の逆方向の電圧を印加すると、第2の実施形態の場合と同様に、圧電フィルム51およびクッション材73のうち指Fで押された部分が再び凹む。このようにして、圧電フィルム51およびクッション材73のうち指Fで押された部分は、圧電フィルム51の電極に印加される交流電圧に応じて上下方向に振動する。
FIG. 7B and FIG. 7C are schematic cross-sectional views showing the operation of the tactile sense presentation device 60. As shown in FIG. 7B, when the user presses the key switch 13 with the finger F, the piezoelectric film 51 is in a loose state, and therefore the portion of the piezoelectric film 51 and the cushion material 73 that is pressed with the finger F is recessed. At the other part of the upper surface of the piezoelectric film 51, the shape is maintained by the vertical drag from the cushion material 73. The control unit 18 (see FIG. 2) applies a voltage in a predetermined direction to the electrode of the piezoelectric film 51. As shown in FIG. 7C, when a voltage in a predetermined direction is applied to the electrode of the piezoelectric film 51, the piezoelectric film 51 is tightly stretched and the finger F is pushed up as in the case of the second embodiment. . Next, when the control unit 18 applies a voltage in a reverse direction to the electrode of the piezoelectric film 51, the finger is pressed by the finger F of the piezoelectric film 51 and the cushion material 73 as in the case of the second embodiment. The part is recessed again. In this way, the portion of the piezoelectric film 51 and the cushion material 73 that is pressed by the finger F vibrates in the vertical direction according to the alternating voltage applied to the electrode of the piezoelectric film 51.
触覚提示装置を透光性が高い材料で構成する場合、複数の開口部が形成された保持部材を用いると、開口部がある箇所と開口部がない箇所とで透光性が異なるので、保持部材が目立ってしまう。第3の実施形態では、圧電フィルム51の下部にクッション材73が設けられている。クッション材73は、開口部等を有しないので、目立ちにくい。このため、触覚提示装置60をより透明に見えるようにすることができる。
When the tactile sensation presentation device is made of a material with high translucency, if a holding member with a plurality of openings is used, the translucency differs depending on where the openings are and where there are no openings. The material is noticeable. In the third embodiment, a cushion material 73 is provided below the piezoelectric film 51. Since the cushion material 73 does not have an opening or the like, it is difficult to stand out. For this reason, the tactile sense presentation device 60 can be made to appear more transparent.
また、第3の実施形態では、指でキースイッチ13を押すと、指がクッション材73から押し返されるので、キースイッチ13を押した感覚を強く感じることができる。また、第2の実施形態と同様の効果を得ることができる。
Further, in the third embodiment, when the key switch 13 is pressed with a finger, the finger is pushed back from the cushion material 73, so that a sense of pressing the key switch 13 can be strongly felt. In addition, the same effect as in the second embodiment can be obtained.
なお、上述の実施形態では、触覚提示装置が動作していないとき、フィルムが緩い状態になっているが、本発明はこれに限定されない。本発明では、触覚提示装置が動作していないとき、フィルムがぴんと張られてもよい。この場合、ユーザがキースイッチを押すと、駆動部は、ぴんと張られたフィルムを緩めることと、緩んだフィルムを元に戻すこととを繰り返す。これにより、フィルムのうち指で押された部分は上下方向に振動する。
In the above-described embodiment, when the tactile sense presentation device is not operating, the film is in a loose state, but the present invention is not limited to this. In the present invention, the film may be tightly stretched when the tactile presentation device is not operating. In this case, when the user presses the key switch, the driving unit repeats loosening the tensioned film and returning the loosened film to the original state. Thereby, the part pressed with the finger among the films vibrates in the up-down direction.
また、上述の実施形態では、フィルムの端部以外の部分は保持部材に接触しているだけだが、本発明はこれに限定されない。本発明では、フィルムの面方向の伸縮があまり抑制されないように、フィルムの端部以外の部分が粘着剤等で保持部材に貼付されてもよい。
Further, in the above-described embodiment, the portion other than the end portion of the film is in contact with the holding member, but the present invention is not limited to this. In the present invention, a portion other than the end portion of the film may be attached to the holding member with an adhesive or the like so that expansion and contraction in the surface direction of the film is not significantly suppressed.
また、上述の実施形態では、保持部材として、開口部が形成された平板を用いているが、本発明はこれに限定されない。本発明では、平面視でキースイッチに重なる箇所に空間やクッション材を形成し、その他の必要箇所に支柱等を設けてもよい。
In the above-described embodiment, a flat plate having an opening is used as the holding member, but the present invention is not limited to this. In the present invention, a space or a cushion material may be formed at a position overlapping the key switch in a plan view, and a post or the like may be provided at other necessary positions.
また、第1の実施形態では、フィルム11を駆動させるための機構として、圧電素子14等を用いているが、本発明では、これに限定せず、ソレノイド等を用いてもよい。
In the first embodiment, the piezoelectric element 14 or the like is used as a mechanism for driving the film 11, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a solenoid or the like may be used.
また、本発明において、電圧を加えることで面方向に変形するフィルムは、圧電フィルムに限るものではない。電圧を加えることで面方向に変形するフィルムは、例えば電歪フィルム、エレクトレットフィルム、コンポジットフィルム、または電気活性フィルム等がある。
In the present invention, the film that is deformed in the plane direction by applying a voltage is not limited to the piezoelectric film. Examples of the film that is deformed in the plane direction by applying a voltage include an electrostrictive film, an electret film, a composite film, and an electroactive film.
電歪フィルムの材料として、例えば、PVDF系の共重合体が挙げられる。PVDF系の共重合体として、例えば、P(VDF-TrFE)等のコポリマー、P(VDF-TrFE-CFE)等のターポリマーが挙げられる。
Examples of the material of the electrostrictive film include a PVDF copolymer. Examples of the PVDF copolymer include copolymers such as P (VDF-TrFE) and terpolymers such as P (VDF-TrFE-CFE).
電気活性フィルムとは、電気的駆動によって応力を発生するフィルム、または電気的駆動によって変形して変位を発生するフィルムである。具体的には、電歪フィルム、コンポジット材料(圧電セラミックスを樹脂モールドした材料)、電気駆動型エラストマー、または液晶エラストマー等がある。
An electroactive film is a film that generates stress when electrically driven or a film that deforms and deforms when electrically driven. Specifically, there are an electrostrictive film, a composite material (a material obtained by resin-molding piezoelectric ceramics), an electrically driven elastomer, or a liquid crystal elastomer.
さらに、「電圧を加えることで面方向に変形するフィルム」は、単層でも良いし、積層されたものでも良い。特に積層する枚数を増やすことによってより強い振動を得ることができる。
Furthermore, the “film that deforms in the plane direction when a voltage is applied” may be a single layer or a laminated layer. In particular, stronger vibration can be obtained by increasing the number of stacked layers.
F…指
10,20,30,50,60…触覚提示装置
11…フィルム
12…キーシート
13…キースイッチ(押込操作検出部)
14…圧電素子
15,65…保持部材
16…開口部
17…接着部材
18…制御部
26…モータ
29…延出部材
39…カム
41…ガイド
42…固定部材
51…圧電フィルム
73…クッション材(弾力性部材) F ... Finger 10, 20, 30, 50, 60 ... Tactile sense presentation device 11 ... Film 12 ... Key sheet 13 ... Key switch (pushing operation detection unit)
DESCRIPTION OFSYMBOLS 14 ... Piezoelectric element 15, 65 ... Holding member 16 ... Opening part 17 ... Adhesive member 18 ... Control part 26 ... Motor 29 ... Extension member 39 ... Cam 41 ... Guide 42 ... Fixing member 51 ... Piezoelectric film 73 ... Cushion material (elasticity) Sex member)
10,20,30,50,60…触覚提示装置
11…フィルム
12…キーシート
13…キースイッチ(押込操作検出部)
14…圧電素子
15,65…保持部材
16…開口部
17…接着部材
18…制御部
26…モータ
29…延出部材
39…カム
41…ガイド
42…固定部材
51…圧電フィルム
73…クッション材(弾力性部材) F ...
DESCRIPTION OF
Claims (7)
- 端部が固定され、押込操作により主面が凹むことが可能なフィルムと、
前記フィルムの前記主面に対する押込操作を検出する押込操作検出部と、
前記押込操作検出部が押込操作を検出したときに、前記フィルムの面方向の張力を変化させる駆動部と、を備える、触覚提示装置。 A film whose end is fixed and whose main surface can be recessed by pushing operation;
An indentation operation detection unit for detecting an indentation operation on the main surface of the film;
A tactile sense presentation device comprising: a drive unit that changes a tension in a surface direction of the film when the push operation detection unit detects a push operation. - 前記フィルムの前記主面の反対側に空間または弾力性部材が設けられる、請求項1に記載の触覚提示装置。 The tactile sense presentation device according to claim 1, wherein a space or an elastic member is provided on the opposite side of the main surface of the film.
- 前記フィルムの一方の端部は固定され、前記フィルムの他方の端部は前記駆動部に取付けられている、請求項1または2に記載の触覚提示装置。 The tactile sense presentation device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein one end of the film is fixed and the other end of the film is attached to the driving unit.
- 前記フィルムの両端部は固定され、
前記フィルムは、電圧を加えることで面方向に変形し、
前記駆動部は、前記押込操作検出部が押込操作を検出したときに、前記フィルムに電圧を印加する、請求項1または2に記載の触覚提示装置。 Both ends of the film are fixed,
The film is deformed in the surface direction by applying a voltage,
The tactile sense presentation device according to claim 1, wherein the driving unit applies a voltage to the film when the pressing operation detecting unit detects a pressing operation. - 前記フィルムは、両主面に電極が形成された圧電性樹脂からなる圧電フィルムである、請求項4に記載の触覚提示装置。 The tactile sense presentation device according to claim 4, wherein the film is a piezoelectric film made of a piezoelectric resin having electrodes formed on both main surfaces.
- 前記圧電性樹脂はポリフッ化ビニリデンを材料とする、請求項5に記載の触覚提示装置。 The tactile sense presentation device according to claim 5, wherein the piezoelectric resin is made of polyvinylidene fluoride.
- 前記圧電性樹脂はポリ乳酸を材料とする、請求項5に記載の触覚提示装置。 The tactile sensation presentation apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the piezoelectric resin is made of polylactic acid.
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WO2018230129A1 (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2018-12-20 | 株式会社デンソー | Operation device |
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