WO2016051372A1 - Clapet à bouchon flottant et dispositif de retenue pour déploiement dans des plateaux à clapets de colonnes de distillation - Google Patents

Clapet à bouchon flottant et dispositif de retenue pour déploiement dans des plateaux à clapets de colonnes de distillation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016051372A1
WO2016051372A1 PCT/IB2015/057519 IB2015057519W WO2016051372A1 WO 2016051372 A1 WO2016051372 A1 WO 2016051372A1 IB 2015057519 W IB2015057519 W IB 2015057519W WO 2016051372 A1 WO2016051372 A1 WO 2016051372A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
valve
distillation column
efficiency
mass transfer
process liquids
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2015/057519
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ravindra JAYAWANT
Original Assignee
Jayawant Ravindra
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Jayawant Ravindra filed Critical Jayawant Ravindra
Publication of WO2016051372A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016051372A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
    • B01D3/16—Fractionating columns in which vapour bubbles through liquid
    • B01D3/18—Fractionating columns in which vapour bubbles through liquid with horizontal bubble plates
    • B01D3/20—Bubble caps; Risers for vapour; Discharge pipes for liquid
    • B01D3/205—Bubble caps

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to the field of mass transfer / flow control elements and more particularly to construction, manner of operation and deployment of an improved leakage-free floating valve for optimum mass transfer between vapour and liquid phases across a wide range of operational loads.
  • the process of distillation is a method for separating the individual components of a mixture by utilizing the differences in their vapor pressure. Distillation begins from a top portion of a column to a bottom portion of the column. Heavier process liquid flows down the column while lighter process vapor ascends up the column.
  • the main components of distillation columns include a vertical shell, where the separation of the process vapor and liquid substances occurs, and column internals, such as fractionation trays or packings.
  • the column internals increase and enhance the separation between the process vapor and liquid.
  • the internal configurations of the column internals such as tray spacing, column diameter, placement of assemblies to enhance flow increase the efficiency and thereby lead to a lesser requirement of energy.
  • a number of horizontally oriented surfaces or fractionation trays are mounted in a sealed, vertically oriented vessel known in the industry as a column or tower.
  • Each of the trays may contain numerous openings which enhance the separation of the vapor and liquid.
  • the simple openings allow the lighter process vapor from below the fractionation tray surface to flow through the tray to interact with the heavier process fluid above.
  • these simple openings and holes permitted the vapor to shoot or jet upward through the fractionation tray at lower fluid flow rates and flood the tray. This led to inefficient fluid exchange and separation and a reduction in efficiency and capacity of the entire distillation column.
  • a variety of tray designs have been developed to address these encumbrances and increase the efficiency of the mass transfer.
  • liquid and vapour phases are typically made to contact each other to occasion components from one phase being transferred to the other.
  • the amount of diffusion or mass transfer and thus the mass transfer efficiency depend on whether an intimate and uninterrupted phase contact is maintained between the contacted phases.
  • Much research has been conducted with respect to the optimization of designs for distillation and fractionation columns or zones, i.e., a contacting column or zone wherein liquid and vapor phases are counter currently contacted to effect separation of a fluid mixture, as for example, by contacting of the vapor and liquid phases on a series of vertically spaced horizontal trays or plates mounted within the column.
  • Said design research has primarily focused on the design of different tray structures to improve the efficiency of the overall separation process.
  • Bubble caps have traditionally been used as vapour/liquid contactors in distillation columns. Bubble caps consist of a riser which acts as a liquid seal and through which the vapour rises and then proceeds through a forced downward path for being dispersed via slots in said cap into liquid held in an surrounding tray.
  • bubble caps have a limited efficiency of maintaining phase contact and are prone to displacement of cap from atop the riser in events of large vapour load.
  • bubble caps are also expensive to manufacture, thereby limiting their applicability to the field of the present invention.
  • An alternative to bubble caps are sieve trays wherein liquid is maintained on the tray surface by kinetic energy of vapour phase. Cap valves are placed atop orifices through which the vapour rises into the surrounding liquid.
  • valve trays were developed to provide a more efficient fluid exchange and separation.
  • the fractionation tray openings were covered with cover plates capable of lifting up under vapor pressure.
  • the cover plate would "float" above each tray opening.
  • the lighter fluid from below the tray lifted the plates in a upwardly sliding motion to create a flow area for the passage of vapor.
  • the lifting plate directed the vapor to flow horizontally through the liquid on the fractionation tray surface.
  • the increased contact between the vapor and liquid provided better interaction and separation between the process fluids.
  • the cover plates are typically called valves. In a cross-sectional survey of state-of-art, various valve designs have been developed to insert the valve into the fractionation tray openings.
  • the cover plate is attached to downward projections or legs and inserted into the tray openings.
  • a person skilled in the art would insert the valve device into the tray opening.
  • Another person would be required to be at or near the underside of the fractionation tray to bend or turn the legs whereby the valve would not become detached from the opening during vapor lifting and floating.
  • Other prior art devices utilized locking mechanisms such as retainer rings to limit the lifting of the valve above the tray surface.
  • the fractionation valve should be easy and simple to construct while retaining enough strength to operate in the high pressure vapor and liquid environment.
  • the fractionation valve should also move freely within the tray opening such that vapor flowing from below the tray can easily lift the valve at lower vapor pressure while preventing the valve from being closed due to suction.
  • the present invention is identified in effectively meeting all of the objectives as set out herein under, of which: [014] It is a primary objective of the present invention to provide a leakage-free non-return valve for implementation in vertical multi-stage tray distillation systems that is capable of operation, back-mixing of liquid and vapor in particular, across a wide range of operational vapour-pressure loads.
  • valve so provided allows no instance of backflow of fluid / condensate or fouling as observed in fixed trays of conventional distillation column assemblies.
  • valve so provided allows requirement of less number of trays per distillation column.
  • valve so provided allows zero losses of process fluids/ vapor and efficiency even during fluctuation of operating parameters such as steam flow / pressure.
  • valve so provided allows rising vapor to remain in constant contact with the process liquid irrespective of the levels / height of liquid present on the fractionation tray.
  • valve so provided is simple in design, easy to operate and capable of robust performance with none, or the least minimal, maintenance and replacement requirements.
  • valve so provided is further capable of scalable operations, preferably in plurality to address requirements of industrial applicability.
  • valve so provided upon implementation, results in a vertical stage tray distillation system with high efficiency and minimal, if not zero, maintenance operations.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic perspective top-view of the valve in its application environment according to the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a side elevation view of the valve in its application environment according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view of the valve in its application environment according to the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a side elevation view sselling construction and dimensions of the valve cage fabricated in accordance with the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a perspective top-view sselling construction and dimensions of the valve cage fabricated in accordance with the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a bottom view sselling construction and dimensions of the valve cage fabricated in accordance with the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a side elevation view sselling construction and dimensions of the valve cap fabricated in accordance with the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a perspective top-view sselling construction and dimensions of the valve cap fabricated in accordance with the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a bottom view sselling construction and dimensions of the valve cap fabricated in accordance with the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a photograph showing the application, in plurality, of the valve of the present invention on a plate / tray integrated in distillation column assemblies.
  • Tray shall refer and mean any surface within a tower column used in mass transfer applications wherein typically the dorsal surface of said tray is toward the top of the tower and the underbelly of the tray is toward the bottom of the tower.
  • tray openings are positioned throughout the tray surface ordinarily for positioning valves or other devices to regulate the flow of vapors through the liquids.
  • the present invention proposes an improved leakage-free valve with floating cap and restraint assembly for deployment in valve trays of distillation columns capable of operation across a wide range of operational loads.
  • Utility of the proposed system is intended to cover distillation, absorption and extraction applications as well.
  • general purpose of the present invention is to assess disabilities and shortcomings inherent to known systems comprising state of the art and develop new systems incorporating all available advantages of prior art and none of its disadvantages.
  • the proposed improved leakage-free valve (000) comprises a base tray (001) having at least one hollow riser pipe (002) traversing floor of the tray (001).
  • Riser pipe (002) is essentially a tube one end traversing floor of tray (001) and the other end continuing upward to to form an orifice (003).
  • the end of riser pipe (002) traversing floor of tray (001) is flush with underbelly of the tray (001), to result in an arrangement which makes the riser pipe (002) the only channel available for upward flow / escape of vapour accumulated in wake of tray (001).
  • cage (005) comprises, in one embodiment, four diametrically opposing arms (009, 010, 01 1 and 012) that circumscribe floating cap (004).
  • Said arms (009, 010, 01 1 and 012) are anchored centrifugally around riser pipe (002), preferably via welding perpendicularly to floor of tray (001), leaving sufficient space in between the riser pipe (002) and arms (009, 010, 01 1 and 012) for movement of floating cap (004).
  • Corresponding free ends of the arms (009, 010, 01 1 and 012) are arranged to meet centrally above centre of the riser pipe (002) at sufficient height to allow the floating cap (004) positioned over riser pipe (002) to be bounded within cage (005) but free to move within a predefined degree of motion allowing said floating cap (004) to alternate, gradually, between CLOSED and OPEN valve positions corresponding with zero and maximum vapour load values respectively as anticipated in the wake of tray (001) during operations of the distillation column.
  • cage (005) follows above general sequential steps, or may alternatively be achieved using a die-cast approach. It shall be appreciated that riser pipe (002), floating cap (004) and cage (005) are coaxial, and their centres are collinear with the point where arms (009, 010, 01 1 and 012) meet above floating cap (004).
  • floating cap (004) is free to move within circumscribing limits of the enclosure or cage (005).
  • floating cap (004) itself comprises a cylindrical hollow receptacle being closed on all sides, except its base.
  • the riser pipe (002) is arranged to receive the floating cap (004) in a manner allowing underbelly of the opposing closed surface of floating cap (004) to settle flush against mouth of orifice (003) at end of the riser pipe (002), therefore closing orifice (003) and assuming a resting CLOSED position of valve (000).
  • the floating cap (004) lifts above orifice (003) due to pressure of the vapour column rising through riser pipe (002) to thereby assume an actuated OPEN position of valve (000), which allows accumulated vapour from under wake of tray (001) to escape in a controlled manner into space above tray (001).
  • the floating cap (004) settles / sits under its own weight atop riser pipe (002) thereby sealing the orifice (003) and causing valve (000) to return to its resting CLOSED position, which hence allows no further transfer of vapour from under wake of tray (001) to the space above tray (001).
  • valve (000) is capable of attaining intermediate positions between its fully CLOSED and OPEN valve positions depending on vapour pressure value exceeding that necessary for lifting floating cap (004).
  • This arrangement ensures optimum mass transfer between vapour and gravity, and hence phases across a wide range of operational loads across various sections / shelves of the distillation column while never resulting in the floating cap (004) losing its alignment or being displaced from its motion path due to the circumscribing cage (005).
  • Certain alternative embodiments of the present invention suggest implementation of calibrated travel length and weight of floating cap (004) to thereby allow greater control and predictability in operations of valve (000).
  • the continuous motion of the cap (005) between its CLOSED and OPEN positions eliminates potential of fouling observed in fixed tray internals and thus, results in zero operational downtimes, thereby saving on valuable resources and costs.
  • the improved leakage-free valve (000) proposed herein is simple to manufacture, operate and maintain, thus releasing promise of wide-spread acceptability and industrial applicability in field of the present invention.
  • the present invention has been reduced to practice by the present inventor, and observed to have satisfactory function as intended during trial runs wherein distillation of very low boiling components have been achieved successfully.
  • the aim of distilling the low boiling component has been achieved and tested for different feed capacities. Also there was no leakage through trays observed.
  • valve (000) [054] In the trials presently undertaken, following determinations and considerations were applied for fabrication of valve (000):
  • Width of arms (009, 010, 01 1 and 012) ranging between 3 mm to 10 mm, particularly 5 mm
  • Thickness of sheet used for overflow weir (006) ranging between 1 .7 mm to 2.3 mm, particularly 2 mm
  • Example 2 Deployment in plurality
  • FIG. 10 is a photograph showing the application, in plurality, of the valve of the present invention on a plate / tray integrated in distillation column assemblies. (It is submitted that this photograph is an ideal representation for sselling to-scale implementation of the present invention in real life).
  • the leakage-free non-return valve (000) proposed herein for implementation in vertical multi-stage tray-based columnar distillation systems is capable of operation while avoiding back-mixing of liquid and vapor in particular, across a wide range of operational vapour- pressure loads as may occur between those responsible for OPEN and CLOSED positions of valve (000).
  • the leakage-free non-return valve (000) proposed herein allows no instance of backflow of fluid / condensate or fouling as observed in fixed trays of conventional distillation column assemblies as a concerted effect of construction and heights of riser pipe (002), position of cap (004), and flow control due to overflow weir (007).
  • the leakage-free non-return valve (000) proposed herein allows zero losses of process fluids/ vapor and efficiency even during fluctuation of operating parameters such as steam flow / pressure as explained in point b) above.
  • the leakage-free non-return valve (000) proposed herein is simple in design as disclosed hereinbefore, is easy to operate in autonomous fashion requiring no power/ manual inputs, and further capable of robust performance with none, or the least minimal, maintenance and replacement requirements as determined in experimental trials undertaken by the present inventor.
  • the leakage-free non-return valve (000) proposed herein is capable of scalable operations, preferably in plurality to address scaling requirements of industrial applicability.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention un clapet exempt de fuites (000) amélioré, doté bouchon flottant (004), et un dispositif de retenue à déployer dans des plateaux à clapets (001) de colonnes de distillation, qui est capable de fonctionner dans une large plage de charges opérationnelles de pression de vapeur du type de celles qui sont à prévoir dans ledit environnement d'application.
PCT/IB2015/057519 2014-10-04 2015-10-01 Clapet à bouchon flottant et dispositif de retenue pour déploiement dans des plateaux à clapets de colonnes de distillation WO2016051372A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IN3150/MUM/2014 2014-10-04
IN3150MU2014 2014-10-04

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2016051372A1 true WO2016051372A1 (fr) 2016-04-07

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PCT/IB2015/057519 WO2016051372A1 (fr) 2014-10-04 2015-10-01 Clapet à bouchon flottant et dispositif de retenue pour déploiement dans des plateaux à clapets de colonnes de distillation

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU176822U1 (ru) * 2017-07-14 2018-01-30 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Волгоградский государственный технический университет" (ВолгГТУ) Колпачковая тарелка
WO2018140751A1 (fr) * 2017-01-27 2018-08-02 Gtc Technology Us, Llc Procédé et système de régulation des pertes de charge à travers des clapets par des orifices
US10376810B2 (en) 2008-03-20 2019-08-13 Gtc Technology Us Llc Fluid dispersion unit with directional component vector
CN115068967A (zh) * 2022-08-03 2022-09-20 陈强 一种板式精馏塔
CN115400447A (zh) * 2022-09-08 2022-11-29 肥城金塔酒精化工设备有限公司 一种溶剂回收的文丘里型泡罩塔盘以及文丘里孔的应用
US11958001B2 (en) 2014-08-11 2024-04-16 Sulzer Management Ag Method and system for orifice control of valve pressure drop

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2081753U (zh) * 1991-02-02 1991-07-31 华东化工学院 导向浮阀塔板
US5360583A (en) * 1993-06-17 1994-11-01 Nutter Dale E High capacity tray for gas-liquid contact apparatus
CN2288756Y (zh) * 1997-04-07 1998-08-26 华东理工大学 液体沿半径流动的板式塔塔盘
CN1294936A (zh) * 2000-08-29 2001-05-16 罗固事 对流式塔板
WO2004071636A2 (fr) * 2003-02-06 2004-08-26 Sulzer Chemtech Ag Appareil a plateaux, colonne munie de cet appareil et procede d'assemblage et d'utilisation correspondant
CN1736528A (zh) * 2005-08-18 2006-02-22 河北工业大学 大持液量喷射塔板
KR101438576B1 (ko) * 2013-02-08 2014-09-17 변재식 트레이 어셈블리 및 이를 포함하는 증류탑

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2081753U (zh) * 1991-02-02 1991-07-31 华东化工学院 导向浮阀塔板
US5360583A (en) * 1993-06-17 1994-11-01 Nutter Dale E High capacity tray for gas-liquid contact apparatus
CN2288756Y (zh) * 1997-04-07 1998-08-26 华东理工大学 液体沿半径流动的板式塔塔盘
CN1294936A (zh) * 2000-08-29 2001-05-16 罗固事 对流式塔板
WO2004071636A2 (fr) * 2003-02-06 2004-08-26 Sulzer Chemtech Ag Appareil a plateaux, colonne munie de cet appareil et procede d'assemblage et d'utilisation correspondant
CN1736528A (zh) * 2005-08-18 2006-02-22 河北工业大学 大持液量喷射塔板
KR101438576B1 (ko) * 2013-02-08 2014-09-17 변재식 트레이 어셈블리 및 이를 포함하는 증류탑

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10376810B2 (en) 2008-03-20 2019-08-13 Gtc Technology Us Llc Fluid dispersion unit with directional component vector
US10384147B2 (en) 2008-03-20 2019-08-20 Gtc Technology Us Llc Fluid dispersion unit with directional component vector
US10561961B2 (en) 2008-03-20 2020-02-18 Gtc Technology Us Llc Fluid dispersion unit with directional component vector
US11958001B2 (en) 2014-08-11 2024-04-16 Sulzer Management Ag Method and system for orifice control of valve pressure drop
WO2018140751A1 (fr) * 2017-01-27 2018-08-02 Gtc Technology Us, Llc Procédé et système de régulation des pertes de charge à travers des clapets par des orifices
RU176822U1 (ru) * 2017-07-14 2018-01-30 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Волгоградский государственный технический университет" (ВолгГТУ) Колпачковая тарелка
CN115068967A (zh) * 2022-08-03 2022-09-20 陈强 一种板式精馏塔
CN115068967B (zh) * 2022-08-03 2023-12-22 内蒙古榕鑫科技有限责任公司 一种板式精馏塔
CN115400447A (zh) * 2022-09-08 2022-11-29 肥城金塔酒精化工设备有限公司 一种溶剂回收的文丘里型泡罩塔盘以及文丘里孔的应用

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