WO2016045061A1 - 一种发射、接收同步信号的方法及终端 - Google Patents

一种发射、接收同步信号的方法及终端 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016045061A1
WO2016045061A1 PCT/CN2014/087450 CN2014087450W WO2016045061A1 WO 2016045061 A1 WO2016045061 A1 WO 2016045061A1 CN 2014087450 W CN2014087450 W CN 2014087450W WO 2016045061 A1 WO2016045061 A1 WO 2016045061A1
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Prior art keywords
synchronization signal
terminal
network coverage
synchronization
receiving
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PCT/CN2014/087450
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘德平
***
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华为技术有限公司
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to CN201910700833.1A priority Critical patent/CN110461036B/zh
Priority to CN201480028862.3A priority patent/CN105745977B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2014/087450 priority patent/WO2016045061A1/zh
Publication of WO2016045061A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016045061A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a method and a terminal for transmitting and receiving a synchronization signal.
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • UE User Equipment
  • D2D Device to Device
  • D2D Device to Device
  • the transmitting terminal of the direct communication of the user may use different timings to transmit the synchronization signal, the receiving terminal cannot accurately obtain the timing through the synchronization signal, which affects the normal communication.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a method and a terminal for transmitting and receiving a synchronization signal, so that a receiving terminal of a user direct communication can accurately obtain timing through a synchronization signal.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for transmitting a synchronization signal, where the method includes:
  • the first terminal in the network coverage determines the downlink timing
  • the first terminal transmits a synchronization signal according to the determined downlink timing.
  • the method further includes:
  • the first terminal receives system configuration information, where the system configuration information includes resource information of the synchronization signal configured by the system and an indication for sending the transmission synchronization signal.
  • the first terminal transmits according to the determined downlink timing
  • the synchronization signal includes:
  • the first terminal transmits the synchronization signal on a resource of the synchronization signal configured by the system according to the determined downlink timing.
  • the synchronization signal includes:
  • the D2D synchronization signal includes: a primary D2D synchronization signal and a secondary D2D synchronization signal.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for receiving a synchronization signal, where the method includes:
  • the second terminal receives the synchronization signal
  • the second terminal determines a downlink timing of the transmitting terminal according to the received synchronization signal.
  • the second terminal receives the synchronization signal, including:
  • the receiving the synchronization signal of the neighboring cell includes:
  • the synchronization signal is received according to the cell identity or the physical synchronization source identifier of the neighboring cell.
  • the synchronization signal includes:
  • the D2D synchronization signal includes: a primary D2D synchronization signal and a secondary D2D synchronization signal.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a terminal, including:
  • a determining unit configured to determine a downlink timing when the terminal is in a network coverage
  • a transmitting unit configured to transmit a synchronization signal according to the determined downlink timing.
  • the terminal further includes:
  • a receiving unit configured to receive system configuration information, where the system configuration information includes a system configuration The resource information of the synchronization signal and the indication of transmitting the synchronization signal.
  • the transmitting unit is specifically configured to: when the system configuration information includes an indication of sending a synchronization signal, according to the determining Downlink timing, the synchronization signal is transmitted on a resource of the synchronization signal configured by the system.
  • the synchronization signal includes:
  • the D2D synchronization signal includes: a primary D2D synchronization signal and a secondary D2D synchronization signal.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a terminal, including:
  • a receiving unit configured to receive a synchronization signal
  • a determining unit configured to determine a downlink timing of the transmitting terminal according to the received synchronization signal.
  • the receiving unit is specifically configured to:
  • the receiving unit is specifically configured to:
  • the synchronization signal is received according to the cell identity or the physical synchronization source identifier of the neighboring cell.
  • the synchronization signal includes:
  • the D2D synchronization signal includes: a primary D2D synchronization signal and a secondary D2D synchronization signal.
  • a fifth aspect provides a terminal, including: a processor and a transmitter;
  • the processor is configured to determine a downlink timing when the terminal is in a network coverage
  • the transmitter is configured to transmit a synchronization signal according to the determined downlink timing.
  • the terminal further includes a receiver
  • the receiver is configured to receive system configuration information, where the system configuration information includes resource information of the synchronization signal configured by the system and an indication of sending the transmission synchronization signal.
  • the transmitter is specifically configured to: when the system configuration information includes an indication of sending a synchronization signal, according to the determined downlink Timing, the synchronization signal is transmitted on a resource of the synchronization signal configured by the system.
  • the synchronization signal includes:
  • the D2D synchronization signal includes: a primary D2D synchronization signal and a secondary D2D synchronization signal.
  • a terminal including: a receiver and a processor;
  • the receiver is configured to receive a synchronization signal
  • the processor is configured to determine a downlink timing of the transmitting terminal according to the received synchronization signal.
  • the receiver is specifically configured to:
  • the receiver performs the synchronization of receiving a neighboring cell when the second terminal is in a network coverage Signal steps, including:
  • the synchronization signal is received according to the cell identity or the physical synchronization source identifier of the neighboring cell.
  • the synchronization signal includes:
  • the D2D synchronization signal includes: a primary D2D synchronization signal and a secondary D2D synchronization signal.
  • the transmitting terminal of the user direct communication uses the downlink timing transmission synchronization signal uniformly, so that the receiving terminal can accurately determine the timing information of the transmitting terminal according to the received synchronization signal. Therefore, the user directly transmits the communication information sent by the transmitting terminal correctly.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of network communication provided by the prior art according to the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for transmitting a synchronization signal according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a method for receiving a synchronization signal according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of still another terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of still another terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • LTE-D2D is the latest LTE-based terminal direct communication technology defined by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).
  • LTE-D2D communication technology is an application to add D2D to existing LTE systems. That is, the user direct communication and the LTE communication may coexist.
  • the terminal 1 may transmit the user direct communication data to the terminal 2 and the terminal 3 for direct user connection. For communication, the terminal 1 can also communicate with the base station.
  • the process in which the terminal 1 transmits the communication data and the base station receives the communication data is referred to as uplink communication; the process in which the base station transmits the communication data, and the terminal 1 receives the communication data is referred to as downlink communication; the terminal 1 serves as the data transmitting party, and performs the terminal 2 and the terminal 3
  • the communication between the terminal and the terminal is direct communication for the user.
  • network coverage There are three working scenarios for user direct communication: network coverage, no network coverage, and partial network coverage.
  • the terminals participating in the user direct communication communication are within the coverage of the network;
  • the terminals participating in the direct communication of the user are outside the coverage of the network;
  • part of the terminals participating in the direct communication of the user are within the coverage of the network, and the coverage of the other part is in the coverage of the network. outer.
  • both parties need to establish synchronization to adjust the frequency and timing of the two devices to the same frequency and time.
  • Synchronization requires a common synchronization reference between the two terminals communicating, and the synchronization source is the device that provides the synchronization reference.
  • the prior art uses a base station in the network as a synchronization source, and a terminal synchronized to the base station forms a group.
  • one terminal or all terminals of the multiple terminals without network coverage in the prior art are used as a synchronization source, and other terminals synchronized to a certain synchronization source form a group.
  • some terminals are within the network coverage, and another part of the terminals are outside the network coverage.
  • the terminals within the network coverage transmit synchronization signals as synchronization references of terminals outside the network coverage.
  • D2D discovery User direct communication is divided into two main application modes/types: D2D discovery and D2D communication.
  • the D2D communication means that the terminal sends the Scheduling Assignment (SA) information and data, and the other terminals obtain the information such as the transmission format of the subsequent data by reading the SA information, so as to correctly receive the subsequent data information.
  • SA information and its scheduled data transmission format and resource usage may be scheduled by the base station (ie, D2D communication mode 1, mode1), or the transmitting terminal may select resources in the resource pool configured by the base station (ie, D2D communication mode 2, mode2). ).
  • the resource pool is a communication term, that is, a set of communication resources is a set of multiple communication resources.
  • D2D communication can be used in the above three scenarios, and D2D discovery only involves working scenarios of network coverage.
  • this solution does not limit the D2D type and its corresponding work scenario.
  • the terminal in the network coverage transmits a synchronization signal, such as a D2DSS (Device to Device Synchronization Signal) and/or a PD2DSCH (Physical Device to Device Synchronization Channel), so that part of the network
  • a synchronization signal such as a D2DSS (Device to Device Synchronization Signal) and/or a PD2DSCH (Physical Device to Device Synchronization Channel)
  • the terminal outside the coverage of the network in the covered working scenario can capture the synchronization signal, thereby establishing synchronization with the terminal within the coverage of the network and performing user direct communication (D2D discovery and/or D2D communication);
  • the inter-cell terminal can detect and receive the synchronization signal, and can correctly receive the user direct communication information (D2D discovery message and the message sent by the terminal of the neighboring cell). / or D2D communication information).
  • the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the working scenario of the partial network coverage and the D2D communication or the D2D discovery of the network coverage scenario across the cell, such as the case where the cells are asynchronous.
  • the terminal transmits a synchronization signal in the network coverage area, and the terminal that needs to obtain synchronization captures the synchronization signal through searching, such as the terminal of the asynchronous neighboring cell, or the terminal outside the network coverage in the working scene covered by part of the network.
  • some of the terminals that perform user direct communication are within the network coverage, and another part of the terminals are outside the network coverage.
  • the following is the D2D in the user direct communication.
  • Communication is described as an example.
  • the first terminal of the D2D communication in the network coverage transmits the synchronization signal corresponding to the D2D communication, and the synchronization reference is derived from the serving cell, and the second terminal of the D2D communication outside the network coverage detects and receives the synchronization signal corresponding to the D2D communication, indirectly Synchronizing to the network, and then obtaining system configuration information, D2D frame number, etc.
  • the terminal performs communication; similarly, the first terminal located in the network coverage transmits a synchronization signal, and the second terminal in the network coverage area detects and receives the synchronization signal in the asynchronous neighboring cell, and indirectly synchronizes to transmit the captured synchronization signal.
  • the cell in which the terminal is located is then searched for D2D discovery according to the configuration information of the D2D discovery of the cell where the first terminal is located (distributed by the cell where the second terminal is located and/or obtained by the PD2DSCH), the D2D frame number, and the like. Message.
  • D2D communication and D2D discovery may be independent of each other, and are not mutually premised.
  • a cell may have only terminals that perform D2D discovery, or only terminals that perform D2D communication.
  • the downlink timing is the timing of the downlink signal received by the terminal (for example, the primary synchronization signal Primary Synchronization Signal, the secondary synchronization signal, the cell-specific reference signal); the uplink timing is sent by the terminal according to the serving base station. Timing Advance The timing after the information adjustment. The last time symbol (Single carrier frequency division multiplex access) of the D2D subframe using the downlink timing transmission is stopped as a gap, and the D2D sub-transmitted by the uplink timing is used. The frame has no gap. If some terminals use the uplink timing to send synchronization signals, some terminals use downlink timing to send synchronization signals.
  • Terminals using these two types of timings cannot transmit synchronization signals in the same subframe, which wastes system resources. Similarly, the receiving terminal cannot pass D2DSS. Obtaining knowledge is whether it is uplink timing or downlink timing. Therefore, there are two possibilities for whether the last symbol is received and demodulated. Blind detection is required, and then information on which timing is used is obtained. If the D2D subframe only includes the D2DSS signal, a total of 4 time symbols, and all the remaining time symbols do not transmit signals, the terminal is completely unable to know at what timing the D2DSS is transmitted, and the timing information is subsequent SA and data or D2D. The necessary information for correct reception and demodulation of the message is found, and the missing information causes the subsequent D2D signal to be incorrectly received and demodulated.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a method for transmitting and receiving a synchronization signal and a terminal.
  • the transmitting terminal of the direct communication of the user uniformly adopts a downlink timing transmission synchronization signal, so that the receiving terminal can accurately determine the timing information of the transmitting terminal according to the received synchronization signal. Thereby, the user direct communication information sent by the transmitting terminal is correctly received.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a method for transmitting a synchronization signal according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the method includes:
  • the first terminal that is in the network coverage determines the downlink timing.
  • the transmitting terminal performing the direct communication of the user uniformly adopts downlink timing, that is, uniformly determines that the last symbol of the transmitted D2D subframe is stopped as an interval, and the receiving terminal does not need to receive and demodulate the last symbol.
  • the first terminal transmits a synchronization signal according to the determined downlink timing.
  • All transmitting terminals transmit synchronization signals according to downlink timing, so that the receiving terminal can be connected according to The received synchronization signal accurately determines the timing information of the transmitting terminal, so as to correctly receive the user direct communication information sent by the transmitting terminal.
  • the method further includes: the first terminal receiving system configuration information, where the system configuration information includes resource information of the synchronization signal configured by the system and an indication for sending the transmission synchronization signal.
  • the system configures the first terminal to transmit a synchronization signal by using a signaling manner; wherein the signaling notification may be a higher layer (for example, a Radio Resource Control Radio Resource Control Layer, RRC for short) and/or a physical layer broadcast signaling;
  • the notification can also be high layer and/or physical layer specific signaling.
  • the first terminal sends a synchronization signal according to the determined downlink timing, where the system configuration information includes an indication of the transmission of the synchronization signal, including:
  • the first terminal transmits the synchronization signal on a resource of the synchronization signal configured by the system according to the determined downlink timing.
  • the synchronization signal includes:
  • the D2D synchronization signal includes: a primary D2D synchronization signal and a secondary D2D synchronization signal.
  • the transmitting terminal of the user direct communication uses the downlink timing transmission synchronization signal uniformly, so that the receiving terminal can accurately determine the timing information of the transmitting terminal according to the received synchronization signal. Thereby, the user direct communication information sent by the transmitting terminal is correctly received.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a method for receiving a synchronization signal according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the method includes:
  • the second terminal receives the synchronization signal.
  • the second terminal performs a search detection on the surrounding synchronization signal, and detects and receives the synchronization signal. For example, when the second terminal is in the network coverage, the synchronization signal of the neighboring cell and/or the synchronization signal transmitted by the terminal outside the network coverage are detected and received, specifically, according to the cell identity or the physical synchronization source of the neighboring cell.
  • the PSSID Physical Synchronization Source Identity detects and receives the synchronization signal; or detects and receives the synchronization signal transmitted from the terminal within the network coverage when the second terminal is outside the network coverage and/or comes from outside the network coverage Terminal transmitted Synchronization signal.
  • the synchronization signal includes:
  • the D2D synchronization signal includes: a primary D2D synchronization signal and a secondary D2D synchronization signal.
  • the second terminal determines, according to the received synchronization signal, a downlink timing of the transmitting terminal.
  • the timing obtained by the second terminal according to the received synchronization signal is determined as the downlink timing of the transmitting terminal, that is, the last time symbol is not received.
  • the receiving terminal can accurately determine the timing information of the transmitting terminal according to the received synchronization signal, thereby correctly receiving the user direct communication information sent by the transmitting terminal.
  • more efficient discovery and/or communication of terminals inside and outside the network coverage can be achieved, and the difficulty of connecting between users inside and outside the network coverage can be reduced; Enables more efficient inter-cell discovery and/or communication of terminals within the network coverage.
  • the receiving terminal of the user direct communication communication uniformly uses the synchronization signal transmitted by the downlink timing, so that the receiving terminal can accurately determine the transmission according to the received synchronization signal.
  • the timing information of the terminal so as to correctly receive the user direct communication information sent by the transmitting terminal.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, the terminal 1000 includes:
  • the determining unit 11 is configured to determine the downlink timing when the terminal is in the network coverage.
  • the transmitting terminal performing the direct communication of the user uniformly adopts the downlink timing, that is, the determining unit 11 uniformly determines that the last symbol of the transmitted D2D subframe is stopped as the interval, and the receiving terminal does not need to receive and demodulate the last symbol.
  • the transmitting unit 12 is configured to transmit a synchronization signal according to the determined downlink timing.
  • All transmitting terminals transmit a synchronization signal according to the downlink timing, so that the receiving terminal can accurately determine the timing information of the transmitting terminal according to the received synchronization signal, so that the correct receiving transmitting terminal sends the timing information.
  • the user directly communicates with the communication information.
  • the terminal further includes: a receiving unit (not shown), configured to receive system configuration information, where the system configuration information includes resource information of the synchronization signal configured by the system, and sending the sending synchronization Signal indication.
  • a receiving unit (not shown), configured to receive system configuration information, where the system configuration information includes resource information of the synchronization signal configured by the system, and sending the sending synchronization Signal indication.
  • the system configures the first terminal to transmit a synchronization signal by using a signaling manner; wherein the signaling notification may be a higher layer (for example, a Radio Resource Control Radio Resource Control Layer, RRC for short) and/or a physical layer broadcast signaling;
  • the notification can also be high layer and/or physical layer specific signaling.
  • the transmitting unit 12 is specifically configured to: when the system configuration information includes an indication of sending a synchronization signal, where
  • the synchronization signal includes:
  • the D2D synchronization signal includes: a primary D2D synchronization signal and a secondary D2D synchronization signal.
  • the terminal uniformly uses a downlink timing to transmit a synchronization signal, so that the receiving terminal can accurately determine the timing information of the transmitting terminal according to the received synchronization signal, thereby correctly receiving the user sent by the transmitting terminal.
  • Direct communication information
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, the terminal 2000 includes:
  • the receiving unit 21 is configured to receive a synchronization signal.
  • the receiving unit 21 performs search detection on the surrounding synchronization signal, and detects and receives the synchronization signal. For example, when the second terminal is in the network coverage, the synchronization signal of the neighboring cell and/or the synchronization signal transmitted by the terminal outside the network coverage are detected and received, specifically, according to the cell identity or the physical synchronization source of the neighboring cell.
  • the PSSID Physical Synchronization Source Identity detects and receives the synchronization signal; or detects and receives the synchronization signal transmitted from the terminal within the network coverage when the second terminal is outside the network coverage and/or comes from outside the network coverage The synchronization signal transmitted by the terminal.
  • the synchronization signal includes:
  • the D2D synchronization signal includes: a primary D2D synchronization signal and a secondary D2D synchronization signal.
  • the determining unit 22 is configured to determine a downlink timing of the transmitting terminal according to the received synchronization signal.
  • the timing obtained by the second terminal according to the received synchronization signal is determined as the downlink timing of the transmitting terminal, that is, the last time symbol is not received.
  • the receiving terminal can accurately determine the timing information of the transmitting terminal according to the received synchronization signal, thereby correctly receiving the user direct communication information sent by the transmitting terminal.
  • more efficient discovery and/or communication of terminals inside and outside the network coverage can be achieved, and the difficulty of connecting between users inside and outside the network coverage can be reduced; Enables more efficient inter-cell discovery and/or communication of terminals within the network coverage.
  • the terminal uniformly receives the synchronization signal transmitted by the downlink timing by receiving the transmitting terminal, so that the receiving terminal can accurately determine the timing information of the transmitting terminal according to the received synchronization signal, thereby correctly receiving.
  • the user directly connects the communication information sent by the transmitting terminal.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of still another terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the terminal 3000 includes: a processor 31 and a transmitter 32;
  • the processor 31 is configured to determine a downlink timing when the terminal is in a network coverage area
  • the transmitter 32 is configured to transmit a synchronization signal according to the determined downlink timing.
  • the terminal 3000 further includes a receiver (not shown);
  • the receiver is configured to receive system configuration information, where the system configuration information includes resource information of the synchronization signal configured by the system and an indication of sending the transmission synchronization signal.
  • the transmitter 32 is specifically configured to: when the system configuration information includes an indication of sending a synchronization signal, transmit the synchronization signal on a resource of the synchronization signal configured by the system according to the determined downlink timing.
  • the synchronization signal includes:
  • the D2D synchronization signal includes: a primary D2D synchronization signal and a secondary D2D synchronization signal.
  • the terminal uniformly uses a downlink timing to transmit a synchronization signal, so that the receiving terminal can accurately determine the timing information of the transmitting terminal according to the received synchronization signal, thereby correctly receiving the user sent by the transmitting terminal.
  • Direct communication information
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of still another terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the terminal 4000 includes: a receiver 41 and a processor 42;
  • the receiver 41 is configured to receive a synchronization signal
  • the processor 42 is configured to determine a downlink timing of the transmitting terminal according to the received synchronization signal.
  • the receiver 41 is specifically configured to:
  • the receiving, by the receiver, the step of receiving the synchronization signal of the neighboring cell when the second terminal is in the network coverage includes:
  • the synchronization signal is received according to the cell identity or the physical synchronization source identifier of the neighboring cell.
  • the synchronization signal includes:
  • the D2D synchronization signal includes: a primary D2D synchronization signal and a secondary D2D synchronization signal.
  • the terminal uniformly receives the synchronization signal transmitted by the downlink timing by receiving the transmitting terminal, so that the receiving terminal can accurately determine the timing information of the transmitting terminal according to the received synchronization signal, thereby correctly receiving.
  • the user directly connects the communication information sent by the transmitting terminal.
  • Computer readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one location to another.
  • a storage medium may be any available media that can be accessed by a computer.
  • the computer readable medium may include a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), and an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (Electrically Erasable Programmable).
  • EEPROM Electrically Error Read-Only Memory
  • CD-ROM Compact Disc Read-Only Memory
  • Any connection may suitably be a computer readable medium.
  • the software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, Then coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL or wireless technologies such as infrared, wireless and microwave are included in the fixing of the associated medium.
  • DSL Digital Subscriber Line
  • a disk and a disc include a compact disc (CD), a laser disc, a compact disc, a digital versatile disc (DVD), a floppy disk, and a Blu-ray disc, wherein the disc is usually magnetically copied, and the disc is The laser is used to optically replicate the data.
  • CD compact disc
  • DVD digital versatile disc
  • a floppy disk a compact disc
  • Blu-ray disc wherein the disc is usually magnetically copied, and the disc is The laser is used to optically replicate the data.
  • the above combination should also be included in the computer Read the protection of the medium.

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Abstract

一种发射、接收同步信号的方法及终端。其中的发射方法包括：第一终端确定下行定时；所述第一终端根据所述确定的下行定时发射同步信号。采用本发明实施例提供的一种发射、接收同步信号的方法及终端的技术方案，用户直联通信的发射终端统一采用下行定时发射同步信号，使得接收终端可以根据接收到的同步信号准确确定发射终端的定时信息，从而正确的接收发射终端发送的用户直联通信信息。

Description

一种发射、接收同步信号的方法及终端 技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种发射、接收同步信号的方法及终端。
背景技术
在传统的长期演进(全称：Long Term Evolution，简称：LTE)通信技术中，用户终端或用户设备(全称：User Equipment，简称：UE)之间进行信令和数据的交互都需要经过各自所属的演进型基站(全称：evolved Node B，简称：eNB或者基站)。
用户直联通信(即设备到设备，全称：Device to Device，简称：D2D)作为一种直接通信技术，终端之间的数据交互不需要通过基站进行转发，可以在UE之间直接进行交互或者在网络的辅助作用下直接进行交互。
但是，由于用户直联通信的发射终端可能采用不同的定时发射同步信号，使得接收终端无法通过同步信号准确获得定时，影响正常通信。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供了一种发射、接收同步信号的方法及终端，以使用户直联通信的接收终端通过同步信号准确地获得定时。
第一方面，本发明实施例提供一种发射同步信号的方法，所述方法包括：
处于网络覆盖范围内的第一终端确定下行定时；
所述第一终端根据所述确定的下行定时发射同步信号。
在第一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：
所述第一终端接收***配置信息，其中，所述***配置信息包括***配置的所述同步信号的资源信息以及发送所述发送同步信号的指示。
结合第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在第二种可能的实现方式中，当所述***配置信息包括发送同步信号的指示时，所述第一终端根据所述确定的下行定时发射同步信号包括：
所述第一终端根据所述确定的下行定时，在***配置的所述同步信号的资源上发射所述同步信号。
结合第一方面或第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式或第一方面的第二种可能的实现方式，在第三种可能的实现方式中，所述同步信号包括：
D2D同步信号；或者
D2D同步信号和物理D2D同步信道；
其中，所述D2D同步信号包括：主D2D同步信号和辅D2D同步信号。
第二方面，本发明实施例提供一种接收同步信号的方法，该方法包括：
第二终端接收同步信号；
所述第二终端根据所述接收到的同步信号确定发射终端的下行定时。
在第一种可能的实现方式中，所述第二终端接收同步信号，包括：
当所述第二终端处于网络覆盖范围内时，接收邻小区的所述同步信号和/或来自于网络覆盖范围外的终端发射的所述同步信号；或者
当所述第二终端处于网络覆盖范围外时，接收来自于网络覆盖范围内的终端发射的所述同步信号和/或来自于网络覆盖范围外的终端发射的所述同步信号。
结合第二方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在第二种可能的实现方式中，所述当所述第二终端处于网络覆盖范围内时，接收邻小区的所述同步信号，包括：
当所述第二终端处于网络覆盖范围内时，根据所述邻小区的小区标识或物理同步源标识，接收所述同步信号。
结合第二方面或第二方面的第一种可能的实现方式或第二方面的第二种可能的实现方式，在第三种可能的实现方式中，所述同步信号包括：
D2D同步信号；或者
D2D同步信号和物理D2D同步信道；
其中，所述D2D同步信号包括：主D2D同步信号和辅D2D同步信号。
第三方面，本发明实施例提供一种终端，包括：
确定单元，用于当所述终端处于网络覆盖范围内时，确定下行定时；
发射单元，用于根据所述确定的下行定时发射同步信号。
在第一种可能的实现方式中，所述终端还包括：
接收单元，用于接收***配置信息，其中，所述***配置信息包括***配 置的所述同步信号的资源信息以及发送所述发送同步信号的指示。
结合第三方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在第二种可能的实现方式中，所述发射单元具体用于：当所述***配置信息包括发送同步信号的指示时，根据所述确定的下行定时，在***配置的所述同步信号的资源上发射所述同步信号。
结合第三方面或第三方面的第一种可能的实现方式或第三方面的第二种可能的实现方式，在第三种可能的实现方式中，所述同步信号包括：
D2D同步信号；或者
D2D同步信号和物理D2D同步信道；
其中，所述D2D同步信号包括：主D2D同步信号和辅D2D同步信号。
第四方面，本发明实施例提供一种终端，包括：
接收单元，用于接收同步信号；
确定单元，用于根据所述接收到的同步信号确定发射终端的下行定时。
在第一种可能的实现方式中，所述接收单元具体用于：
当所述终端处于网络覆盖范围内时，接收邻小区的所述同步信号和/或来自于网络覆盖范围外的终端发射的所述同步信号；或者
当所述终端处于网络覆盖范围外时，接收来自于网络覆盖范围内的终端发射的所述同步信号和/或来自于网络覆盖范围外的终端发射的所述同步信号。
结合第四方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在第二种可能的实现方式中，所述接收单元具体用于：
当所述第二终端处于网络覆盖范围内时，根据所述邻小区的小区标识或物理同步源标识，接收所述同步信号。
结合第四方面或第四方面的第一种可能的实现方式或第四方面的第二种可能的实现方式，在第三种可能的实现方式中，所述同步信号包括：
D2D同步信号；或者
D2D同步信号和物理D2D同步信道；
其中，所述D2D同步信号包括：主D2D同步信号和辅D2D同步信号。
第五方面，提供了一种终端，包括：处理器和发射器；
所述处理器用于当所述终端处于网络覆盖范围内时，确定下行定时；
所述发射器用于根据所述确定的下行定时发射同步信号。
在第一种可能的实现方式中，所述终端还包括接收器；
所述接收器用于接收***配置信息，其中，所述***配置信息包括***配置的所述同步信号的资源信息以及发送所述发送同步信号的指示。
结合第五方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在第二种可能的实现方式中，所述发射器具体用于当所述***配置信息包括发送同步信号的指示时，根据所述确定的下行定时，在***配置的所述同步信号的资源上发射所述同步信号。
结合第五方面或第五方面的第一种可能的实现方式或第五方面的第二种可能的实现方式，在第三种可能的实现方式中，所述同步信号包括：
D2D同步信号；或者
D2D同步信号和物理D2D同步信道；
其中，所述D2D同步信号包括：主D2D同步信号和辅D2D同步信号。
第六方面，提供了一种终端，包括：接收器和处理器；
所述接收器用于接收同步信号；
所述处理器用于根据所述接收到的同步信号确定发射终端的下行定时。
在第一种可能的实现方式中，所述接收器具体用于：
当所述第二终端处于网络覆盖范围内时，接收邻小区的所述同步信号和/或来自于网络覆盖范围外的终端发射的所述同步信号；或者
当所述第二终端处于网络覆盖范围外时，接收来自于网络覆盖范围内的终端发射的所述同步信号和/或来自于网络覆盖范围外的终端发射的所述同步信号。
结合第六方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在第二种可能的实现方式中，所述接收器执行所述当所述第二终端处于网络覆盖范围内时，接收邻小区的所述同步信号的步骤，包括：
当所述第二终端处于网络覆盖范围内时，根据所述确邻小区的小区标识或物理同步源标识，接收所述同步信号。
结合第六方面或第六方面的第一种可能的实现方式或第六方面的第二种可能的实现方式，在第三种可能的实现方式中，所述同步信号包括：
D2D同步信号；或者
D2D同步信号和物理D2D同步信道；
其中，所述D2D同步信号包括：主D2D同步信号和辅D2D同步信号。
本发明实施例提供的一种发射、接收同步信号的方法及终端，用户直联通信的发射终端统一采用下行定时发射同步信号，使得接收终端可以根据接收到的同步信号准确确定发射终端的定时信息，从而正确的接收发射终端发送的用户直联通信信息。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明现有技术提供的网络通信的结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例提供的一种发射同步信号的方法的流程图；
图3为本发明实施例提供的一种接收同步信号的方法的流程图；
图4为本发明实施例提供的一种终端的结构示意图；
图5为本发明实施例提供的另一种终端的结构示意图；
图6为本发明实施例提供的又一种终端的结构示意图；
图7为本发明实施例提供的又一种终端的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
LTE-D2D是第三代合作伙伴计划(全称：3rd Generation partnership project，简称3GPP)最新定义的基于LTE的终端直联通信技术，LTE-D2D通信技术是在现有的LTE***中增加D2D的应用，即用户直联通信和LTE通信会共存，如图1所示，终端1可向终端2和终端3发射用户直联通信数据进行用户直联 通信，终端1也可与基站之间进行通信。其中，终端1发射通信数据、基站接收通信数据的过程称为上行通信；基站发射通信数据、终端1接收通信数据的过程称为下行通信；终端1作为数据发射方，与终端2和终端3进行的终端与终端之间的通信为用户直联通信。
用户直联通信有三种工作场景，分别是网络覆盖、无网络覆盖和部分网络覆盖，在网络覆盖的工作场景中，参与用户直联通信信的终端都在网络的覆盖范围内；在无网络覆盖的场景中，参与用户直联通信的终端都在网络的覆盖范围外；在部分网络覆盖的场景中，参与用户直联通信的一部分终端在网络的覆盖范围内，另一部分终端在网络的覆盖范围外。
通常通信双方需要先建立同步，将两个设备的频率和定时调整到同一个频率和时间。同步需要在通信的两个终端之间规定一个共同的同步参考，同步源是指提供同步参考的设备。在网络覆盖的工作场景中，现有技术将网络中的基站作为同步源，同步到基站的终端形成一个组。在无网络覆盖的工作场景中，现有技术中无网络覆盖的多个终端中的一个终端或者所有终端作为同步源，同步到某一个同步源的其他终端形成一个组。在部分网络覆盖的工作场景中，一部分终端在网络覆盖范围内，另一部分终端在网络覆盖范围外，网络覆盖内的终端发射同步信号，作为网络覆盖范围外的终端的同步参考。
用户直联通信分为两种主要的应用模式/类型：D2D发现(discovery)和D2D通信(communication)。
D2D发现是指终端发送发现消息(discovery message)，而其他终端通过读取这个发现消息而获得该发射终端的信息，例如：其中包括该终端的身份信息(identity标识)等。
D2D通信是指终端发送调度分配(Scheduling Assignment，SA)信息和数据，而其他终端通过读取SA信息得到后续的数据的发射格式等信息，从而正确接收后续的数据信息。SA信息与其调度的数据发射格式和采用资源等可以一并由基站调度(即D2D通信模式一，mode1)，也可以由发射终端在基站配置的资源池内自行选择资源(即D2D通信模式二，mode2)。所述资源池为一个通信术语，即指一组通信资源是多个通信资源组成的一个集合。
目前D2D通信可以在上述三种场景使用，而D2D发现仅涉及网络覆盖的工作场景。但本方案并不限制D2D类型与其对应的工作场景。
在网络覆盖内的终端发射同步信号，如D2DSS(Device to Device Synchronization Signal，用户直联通信同步信号)和/或PD2DSCH(Physical Device to Device Synchronization Channel，物理用户直联通信同步信道)，使得部分网络覆盖的工作场景中的在网络覆盖范围外的终端可以捕获到同步信号，进而与在网络覆盖范围内的终端建立同步并进行用户直联通信(D2D发现和/或D2D通信)；同样也可以使得在网络覆盖的工作场景、且小区间异步时不同小区(inter-cell)的终端可以检测并接收到同步信号，进而可以正确的接收邻小区的终端发送的用户直联通信信息(D2D发现消息和/或D2D通信信息)。
本发明实施例提供的技术方案可以应用于上述部分网络覆盖的工作场景中和在网络覆盖场景跨小区的D2D通信或者D2D发现的情况，比如小区间是异步的情况。
位于网络覆盖范围内终端发射同步信号，需要获取同步的终端通过搜索捕获同步信号，如异步邻小区的终端，或者部分网络覆盖的工作场景中的网络覆盖外的终端。
在部分网络覆盖的场景中，进行用户直联通信(D2D通信和/或D2D发现)的终端有一部分在网络覆盖范围内，另一部分终端在网络覆盖范围外，以下以用户直联通信中的D2D通信为例进行说明。位于网络覆盖范围内D2D通信第一终端发射D2D通信对应的同步信号，其同步参考来源于其服务小区，网络覆盖范围外的D2D通信的第二终端检测并接收到D2D通信对应的同步信号，间接同步到网络，然后依据PD2DSCH获得网络对于D2D通信的***配置信息，D2D帧号(D2D frame number)等信息，然后网络覆盖范围外的第二终端依据网络对于D2D通信的配置与网络覆盖范围内的终端进行通信；同理，位于网络覆盖范围内的第一终端发射同步信号，网络覆盖范围内处于异步邻小区的第二终端检测并接收同步信号，间接同步到发射被捕获到的同步信号的第一终端所在的小区，然后依据第一终端所在小区的D2D发现的配置信息(由第二终端所在小区下发和/或由PD2DSCH获得)，D2D帧号(D2D frame number)等信息，搜索D2D发现消息。
D2D通信和D2D发现可以是互相独立的，不互为前提，例如一个小区可以只存在进行D2D发现的终端，或者只存在进行D2D通信的终端。
D2D通信有两种定时，即下行定时和上行定时可以采用。下行定时是终端接收到服务基站的下行信号(例如，主同步信号Primary Synchroniazation Signal，辅同步信号Secondary Synchronization Signal，小区参考信号cell-specific reference signal)捕获的定时；上行定时是终端根据服务基站发送的定时调整(Timing Advance)信息调整后的定时。采用下行定时发射的D2D子帧(subframe)最后一个时间符号(单载波频分多址符号SC-FDMA，Single carrier frequency division multiplex access)停发作为间隔(gap)，而采用上行定时发送的D2D子帧没有gap。如果有的终端采用上行定时发送同步信号，有的终端采用下行定时发送同步信号，分别采用这两类定时的终端无法在同一个子帧发送同步信号，浪费***资源；类似的，接收终端无法通过D2DSS获得获知是上行定时还是下行定时，因此对于最后一个符号是否进行接收和解调存在2种可能性，需要盲检测，进而得出是采用何种定时发射的信息。而如果该D2D子帧只包括D2DSS信号，共4个时间符号，而剩余时间符号全部不发射信号，则终端完全无法获知该D2DSS是按照何种定时发射，而定时信息是后续SA和数据或者D2D发现消息正确接收和解调的必要信息，该信息缺失导致后续D2D信号无法正确接收和解调。
本发明实施例提供一种发射、接收同步信号的方法及终端，用户直联通信的发射终端统一采用下行定时发射同步信号，使得接收终端可以根据接收到的同步信号准确确定发射终端的定时信息，从而正确的接收发射终端发送的用户直联通信信息。
下面通过具体的实施例进行详细描述：
图2为本发明实施例提供的一种发射同步信号的方法，如图2所示，该方法包括：
S101、处于网络覆盖范围内的第一终端确定下行定时。
进行用户直联通信的发射终端统一采用下行定时，即统一确定发射的D2D子帧最后一个符号停发作为间隔，接收终端对最后一个符号不需要进行接收和解调。
S102、所述第一终端根据所述确定的下行定时发射同步信号。
所有发射终端依据下行定时发射同步信号，从而使得接收终端可以根据接 收到的同步信号准确确定发射终端的定时信息，从而正确的接收发射终端发送的用户直联通信信息。
进一步地，所述方法还包括：所述第一终端接收***配置信息，其中，所述***配置信息包括***配置的所述同步信号的资源信息以及发送所述发送同步信号的指示。
具体的，***使用信令通知的方式配置第一终端发射同步信号；其中信令通知可以是高层(例如：Radio Resource Control无线资源控制层，简称RRC)和/或物理层广播信令；信令通知也可以是高层和/或物理层专用信令。
其中，当所述***配置信息包括发送同步信号的指示时，所述第一终端根据所述确定的下行定时发射同步信号，包括：
所述第一终端根据所述确定的下行定时，在***配置的所述同步信号的资源上发射所述同步信号。
其中，所述同步信号包括：
D2D同步信号；或者
D2D同步信号和物理D2D同步信道；
其中，D2D同步信号包括：主D2D同步信号和辅D2D同步信号。
可见，根据本发明实施例提供的一种发射同步信号的方法，用户直联通信的发射终端统一采用下行定时发射同步信号，使得接收终端可以根据接收到的同步信号准确确定发射终端的定时信息，从而正确的接收发射终端发送的用户直联通信信息。
图3为本发明实施例提供的一种接收同步信号的方法，如图3所示，该方法包括：
S201、第二终端接收同步信号。
第二终端对周围的同步信号进行搜索检测，检测并接收该同步信号。例如，当第二终端处于网络覆盖范围内时，检测并接收邻小区的同步信号和/或来自于网络覆盖范围外的终端发射的同步信号，具体地，根据邻小区的小区标识或者物理同步源标识(PSSID Physical Synchronization Source Identity)检测并接收同步信号；或者当第二终端处于网络覆盖范围外时，检测并接收来自于网络覆盖范围内的终端发射的同步信号和/或来自于网络覆盖范围外的终端发射的 同步信号。
其中，所述同步信号包括：
D2D同步信号；或者
D2D同步信号和物理D2D同步信道；
其中，D2D同步信号包括：主D2D同步信号和辅D2D同步信号。
S202、所述第二终端根据所述接收到的同步信号确定发射终端的下行定时。
由于第一终端发送的同步信号固定采用下行定时发送，所以第二终端根据接收到的同步信号获得的定时确定为发射终端的下行定时，即：最后一个时间符号不做接收。
由于所有发射终端依据下行定时发射同步信号，从而使得接收终端可以根据接收到的同步信号准确确定发射终端的定时信息，从而正确的接收发射终端发送的用户直联通信信息。在部分网络覆盖的工作场景中，能够实现且使得网络覆盖范围内、外的终端的更有效的发现和/或通信，降低网络覆盖范围内、外的用户之间联系的难度；同时能够实现且使得网络覆盖内的终端更有效的跨小区(inter-cell)发现和/或通信。
可见，根据本发明实施例提供的一种接收同步信号的方法，用户直联通信的接收终端通过接收发射终端统一采用下行定时发射的同步信号，使得接收终端可以根据接收到的同步信号准确确定发射终端的定时信息，从而正确的接收发射终端发送的用户直联通信信息。
图4为本发明实施例提供的一种终端的结构示意图，如图4所示，该终端1000包括：
确定单元11，用于当终端处于网络覆盖范围内时，确定下行定时。
进行用户直联通信的发射终端统一采用下行定时，即确定单元11统一确定发射的D2D子帧最后一个符号停发作为间隔，接收终端对最后一个符号不需要进行接收和解调。
发射单元12，用于根据所述确定的下行定时发射同步信号。
所有发射终端依据下行定时发射同步信号，从而使得接收终端可以根据接收到的同步信号准确确定发射终端的定时信息，从而正确的接收发射终端发送 的用户直联通信信息。
进一步地，所述终端还包括：接收单元(图中未示出)，用于接收***配置信息，其中，所述***配置信息包括***配置的所述同步信号的资源信息以及发送所述发送同步信号的指示。
具体的，***使用信令通知的方式配置第一终端发射同步信号；其中信令通知可以是高层(例如：Radio Resource Control无线资源控制层，简称RRC)和/或物理层广播信令；信令通知也可以是高层和/或物理层专用信令。
其中，当所述***配置信息包括发送同步信号的指示时，所述发射单元12具体用于：
根据所述确定的下行定时，在***配置的所述同步信号的资源上发射所述同步信号。
其中，所述同步信号包括：
D2D同步信号；或者
D2D同步信号和物理D2D同步信道；
其中，D2D同步信号包括：主D2D同步信号和辅D2D同步信号。
可见，根据本发明实施例提供的一种终端，该终端统一采用下行定时发射同步信号，使得接收终端可以根据接收到的同步信号准确确定发射终端的定时信息，从而正确的接收发射终端发送的用户直联通信信息。
图5为本发明实施例提供的另一种终端的结构示意图，如图5所示，该终端2000包括：
接收单元21，用于接收同步信号。
接收单元21对周围的同步信号进行搜索检测，检测并接收该同步信号。例如，当第二终端处于网络覆盖范围内时，检测并接收邻小区的同步信号和/或来自于网络覆盖范围外的终端发射的同步信号，具体地，根据邻小区的小区标识或者物理同步源标识(PSSID Physical Synchronization Source Identity)检测并接收同步信号；或者当第二终端处于网络覆盖范围外时，检测并接收来自于网络覆盖范围内的终端发射的同步信号和/或来自于网络覆盖范围外的终端发射的同步信号。
其中，所述同步信号包括：
D2D同步信号；或者
D2D同步信号和物理D2D同步信道；
其中，D2D同步信号包括：主D2D同步信号和辅D2D同步信号。
确定单元22，用于根据所述接收到的同步信号确定发射终端的下行定时。
由于第一终端发送的同步信号固定采用下行定时发送，所以第二终端根据接收到的同步信号获得的定时确定为发射终端的下行定时，即：最后一个时间符号不做接收。
由于所有发射终端依据下行定时发射同步信号，从而使得接收终端可以根据接收到的同步信号准确确定发射终端的定时信息，从而正确的接收发射终端发送的用户直联通信信息。在部分网络覆盖的工作场景中，能够实现且使得网络覆盖范围内、外的终端的更有效的发现和/或通信，降低网络覆盖范围内、外的用户之间联系的难度；同时能够实现且使得网络覆盖内的终端更有效的跨小区(inter-cell)发现和/或通信。
可见，根据本发明实施例提供的一种终端，该终端通过接收发射终端统一采用下行定时发射的同步信号，使得接收终端可以根据接收到的同步信号准确确定发射终端的定时信息，从而正确的接收发射终端发送的用户直联通信信息。
图6为本发明实施例提供的又一种终端的结构示意图，如图6所示，该终端3000包括：处理器31和发射器32；
所述处理器31用于当终端处于网络覆盖范围内时，确定下行定时；
所述发射器32用于根据所述确定的下行定时发射同步信号。
作为一种实施方式，所述终端3000还包括接收器(图中未示出)；
所述接收器用于接收***配置信息，其中，所述***配置信息包括***配置的所述同步信号的资源信息以及发送所述发送同步信号的指示。
所述发射器32具体用于当所述***配置信息包括发送同步信号的指示时，根据所述确定的下行定时，在***配置的所述同步信号的资源上发射所述同步信号。
其中，所述同步信号包括：
D2D同步信号；或者
D2D同步信号和物理D2D同步信道；
其中，所述D2D同步信号包括：主D2D同步信号和辅D2D同步信号。
可见，根据本发明实施例提供的一种终端，该终端统一采用下行定时发射同步信号，使得接收终端可以根据接收到的同步信号准确确定发射终端的定时信息，从而正确的接收发射终端发送的用户直联通信信息。
图7为本发明实施例提供的又一种终端的结构示意图，如图7所示，该终端4000包括：接收器41和处理器42；
所述接收器41用于接收同步信号；
所述处理器42用于根据所述接收到的同步信号确定发射终端的下行定时。
作为一种实施方式，所述接收器41具体用于：
当所述第二终端处于网络覆盖范围内时，接收邻小区的所述同步信号和/或来自于网络覆盖范围外的终端发射的所述同步信号；或者
当所述第二终端处于网络覆盖范围外时，接收来自于网络覆盖范围内的终端发射的所述同步信号和/或来自于网络覆盖范围外的终端发射的所述同步信号。
具体地，所述接收器41执行所述当所述第二终端处于网络覆盖范围内时，接收邻小区的所述同步信号的步骤，包括：
当所述第二终端处于网络覆盖范围内时，根据所述确邻小区的小区标识或物理同步源标识，接收所述同步信号。
其中，所述同步信号包括：
D2D同步信号；或者
D2D同步信号和物理D2D同步信道；
其中，所述D2D同步信号包括：主D2D同步信号和辅D2D同步信号。
可见，根据本发明实施例提供的一种终端，该终端通过接收发射终端统一采用下行定时发射的同步信号，使得接收终端可以根据接收到的同步信号准确确定发射终端的定时信息，从而正确的接收发射终端发送的用户直联通信信息。
需要说明的是，对于前述的各方法实施例，为了简单描述，故将其都表述为一系列的动作组合，但是本领域技术人员应该知悉，本发明并不受所描述的 动作顺序的限制，因为根据本发明，某些步骤可以采用其他顺序或者同时进行。其次，本领域技术人员也应该知悉，说明书中所描述的实施例均属于优选实施例，所涉及的动作和模块并不一定是本发明所必须的。
在上述实施例中，对各个实施例的描述都各有侧重，某个实施例中没有详述的部分，可以参见其他实施例的相关描述。
本发明实施例方法中的步骤可以根据实际需要进行顺序调整、合并和删减。
本发明实施例装置中的单元可以根据实际需要进行合并、划分和删减。本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例以及不同实施例的特征进行结合或组合。
通过以上的实施方式的描述，所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到本发明可以用硬件实现，或固件实现，或它们的组合方式来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以将上述功能存储在计算机可读介质中或作为计算机可读介质上的一个或多个指令或代码进行传输。计算机可读介质包括计算机存储介质和通信介质，其中通信介质包括便于从一个地方向另一个地方传送计算机程序的任何介质。存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质。以此为例但不限于：计算机可读介质可以包括随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)、只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、电可擦可编程只读存储器(Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory，EEPROM)、只读光盘(Compact Disc Read-Only Memory，CD-ROM)或其他光盘存储、磁盘存储介质或者其他磁存储设备、或者能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其他介质。此外。任何连接可以适当的成为计算机可读介质。例如，如果软件是使用同轴电缆、光纤光缆、双绞线、数字用户线(Digital Subscriber Line，DSL)或者诸如红外线、无线电和微波之类的无线技术从网站、服务器或者其他远程源传输的，那么同轴电缆、光纤光缆、双绞线、DSL或者诸如红外线、无线和微波之类的无线技术包括在所属介质的定影中。如本发明所使用的，盘(Disk)和碟(disc)包括压缩光碟(CD)、激光碟、光碟、数字通用光碟(DVD)、软盘和蓝光光碟，其中盘通常磁性的复制数据，而碟则用激光来光学的复制数据。上面的组合也应当包括在计算机可 读介质的保护范围之内。
总之，以上所述仅为本发明技术方案的较佳实施例而已，并非用于限定本发明的保护范围。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (24)

  1. 一种发射同步信号的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    处于网络覆盖范围内的第一终端确定下行定时；
    所述第一终端根据所述确定的下行定时发射同步信号。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一终端接收***配置信息，其中，所述***配置信息包括***配置的所述同步信号的资源信息以及发送所述发送同步信号的指示。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述***配置信息包括发送同步信号的指示时，所述第一终端根据所述确定的下行定时发射同步信号包括：
    所述第一终端根据所述确定的下行定时，在***配置的所述同步信号的资源上发射所述同步信号。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项权利要求所述的方法，其特征在于，所述同步信号包括：
    D2D同步信号；或者
    D2D同步信号和物理D2D同步信道；
    其中，所述D2D同步信号包括：主D2D同步信号和辅D2D同步信号。
  5. 一种接收同步信号的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第二终端接收同步信号；
    所述第二终端根据所述接收到的同步信号确定发射终端的下行定时。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二终端接收同步信号，包括：
    当所述第二终端处于网络覆盖范围内时，接收邻小区的所述同步信号和/ 或来自于网络覆盖范围外的终端发射的所述同步信号；或者
    当所述第二终端处于网络覆盖范围外时，接收来自于网络覆盖范围内的终端发射的所述同步信号和/或来自于网络覆盖范围外的终端发射的所述同步信号。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述当所述第二终端处于网络覆盖范围内时，接收邻小区的所述同步信号，包括：
    当所述第二终端处于网络覆盖范围内时，根据所述邻小区的小区标识或物理同步源标识，接收所述同步信号。
  8. 根据权利要求5-7任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述同步信号包括：
    D2D同步信号；或者
    D2D同步信号和物理D2D同步信道；
    其中，所述D2D同步信号包括：主D2D同步信号和辅D2D同步信号。
  9. 一种终端，其特征在于，包括：
    确定单元，用于当所述终端处于网络覆盖范围内时，确定下行定时；
    发射单元，用于根据所述确定的下行定时发射同步信号。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的终端，其特征在于，所述终端还包括：
    接收单元，用于接收***配置信息，其中，所述***配置信息包括***配置的所述同步信号的资源信息以及发送所述发送同步信号的指示。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的终端，其特征在于，所述发射单元具体用于：当所述***配置信息包括发送同步信号的指示时，根据所述确定的下行定时，在***配置的所述同步信号的资源上发射所述同步信号。
  12. 根据权利要求9-11任一项权利要求所述的终端，其特征在于，所述同步信号包括：
    D2D同步信号；或者
    D2D同步信号和物理D2D同步信道；
    其中，所述D2D同步信号包括：主D2D同步信号和辅D2D同步信号。
  13. 一种终端，其特征在于，包括：
    接收单元，用于接收同步信号；
    确定单元，用于根据所述接收到的同步信号确定发射终端的下行定时。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的终端，其特征在于，所述接收单元具体用于：
    当所述终端处于网络覆盖范围内时，接收邻小区的所述同步信号和/或来自于网络覆盖范围外的终端发射的所述同步信号；或者
    当所述终端处于网络覆盖范围外时，接收来自于网络覆盖范围内的终端发射的所述同步信号和/或来自于网络覆盖范围外的终端发射的所述同步信号。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的终端，其特征在于，所述接收单元具体用于：
    当所述第二终端处于网络覆盖范围内时，根据所述邻小区的小区标识或物理同步源标识，接收所述同步信号。
  16. 根据权利要求13-15任一项所述的终端，其特征在于，所述同步信号包括：
    D2D同步信号；或者
    D2D同步信号和物理D2D同步信道；
    其中，所述D2D同步信号包括：主D2D同步信号和辅D2D同步信号。
  17. 一种终端，其特征在于，包括：处理器和发射器；
    所述处理器用于当所述终端处于网络覆盖范围内时，确定下行定时；
    所述发射器用于根据所述确定的下行定时发射同步信号。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的终端，其特征在于，所述终端还包括接收器；
    所述接收器用于接收***配置信息，其中，所述***配置信息包括***配 置的所述同步信号的资源信息以及发送所述发送同步信号的指示。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的终端，其特征在于，所述发射器具体用于当所述***配置信息包括发送同步信号的指示时，根据所述确定的下行定时，在***配置的所述同步信号的资源上发射所述同步信号。
  20. 根据权利要求17-19任一项所述的终端，其特征在于，所述同步信号包括：
    D2D同步信号；或者
    D2D同步信号和物理D2D同步信道；
    其中，所述D2D同步信号包括：主D2D同步信号和辅D2D同步信号。
  21. 一种终端，其特征在于，包括：接收器和处理器；
    所述接收器用于接收同步信号；
    所述处理器用于根据所述接收到的同步信号确定发射终端的下行定时。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的终端，其特征在于，所述接收器具体用于：
    当所述第二终端处于网络覆盖范围内时，接收邻小区的所述同步信号和/或来自于网络覆盖范围外的终端发射的所述同步信号；或者
    当所述第二终端处于网络覆盖范围外时，接收来自于网络覆盖范围内的终端发射的所述同步信号和/或来自于网络覆盖范围外的终端发射的所述同步信号。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的终端，其特征在于，所述接收器执行所述当所述第二终端处于网络覆盖范围内时，接收邻小区的所述同步信号的步骤，包括：
    当所述第二终端处于网络覆盖范围内时，根据所述确邻小区的小区标识或物理同步源标识，接收所述同步信号。
  24. 根据权利要求21-23任一项所述的终端，其特征在于，所述同步信号 包括：
    D2D同步信号；或者
    D2D同步信号和物理D2D同步信道；
    其中，所述D2D同步信号包括：主D2D同步信号和辅D2D同步信号。
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