WO2016042173A1 - Fondation par gravité pour l'installation de tours d'aérogénérateurs au large des côtes et de tours météorologiques - Google Patents

Fondation par gravité pour l'installation de tours d'aérogénérateurs au large des côtes et de tours météorologiques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016042173A1
WO2016042173A1 PCT/ES2014/070700 ES2014070700W WO2016042173A1 WO 2016042173 A1 WO2016042173 A1 WO 2016042173A1 ES 2014070700 W ES2014070700 W ES 2014070700W WO 2016042173 A1 WO2016042173 A1 WO 2016042173A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cells
drawer
box
wind turbine
foundations
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2014/070700
Other languages
English (en)
Spanish (es)
Inventor
Carlos Jesús POLIMÓN OLABARRIETA
Miguel EGUIAGARAY GARCIA
Rafael MOLINA SÁNCHEZ
Miguel Angel CABRERIZO MORALES
Alberto RODRIGUEZ MORENO
Original Assignee
Drace Infraestructuras, S.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Drace Infraestructuras, S.A. filed Critical Drace Infraestructuras, S.A.
Priority to ES201790008A priority Critical patent/ES2638011B1/es
Priority to PCT/ES2014/070700 priority patent/WO2016042173A1/fr
Publication of WO2016042173A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016042173A1/fr

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/42—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/42—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys
    • E02D27/425—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys specially adapted for wind motors masts

Definitions

  • the invention as its own title indicates aims at a gravity foundation for the installation of offshore wind turbines and meteorological towers, which is manufactured in a floating dock to be towed to its final location, where it is anchored and finally completely submerged below of the sea level, projecting from it a shaft or a structure that supports the wind turbine or the meteorological tower.
  • a gravity foundation for the installation of offshore wind turbines and meteorological towers, which is manufactured in a floating dock to be towed to its final location, where it is anchored and finally completely submerged below of the sea level, projecting from it a shaft or a structure that supports the wind turbine or the meteorological tower.
  • Monopile-type foundations are typically composed of three elements: the steel pile, which is driven into the seabed, a transition piece that serves as a support to the superstructure and a platform for access to the tower or to the structure of the wind turbine. This solution is more economical for smaller depths and for terrains with geotechnical characteristics that allow penetration.
  • Gravity foundations are large foundations of concrete or steel that secure the offshore structures by their own weight, providing stability to the whole by directly transmitting the loads to the ground. They usually have a frustoconical or cylindrical shape and their installation requires a prior preparation of the seabed and a special vessel for transport to the final location.
  • the tubular foundations can be mainly tripod or lattice type. These foundations can be used at greater depths, and are suitable for larger offshore structures, with the consequent increase in economic cost. These typologies require transport and installation with ships and special means.
  • Document ES 2 452 933 describes a gravity foundation for offshore wind turbines based on the use of three reinforced concrete bases and hollows that incorporate a valve system for filling and emptying water inside it as a ballast.
  • a tripod-shaped metal structure is used, with sufficient height to emerge from the free surface of the water.
  • the wind turbine tower will be connected to this metal structure by means of an extension part of the shaft, located above sea level, and in which the berthing area, the stairs and the maintenance platform are installed.
  • a mixed solution for foundations comprising a CGF foundation (Concrete Gravity Foundation) based on a sealed box with parallel faces, that is, with the geometrical characteristics of a rectangular prism with a rectangular section, plus a metal shaft or a lattice (jacket ), also metallic.
  • CGF foundation Concrete Gravity Foundation
  • the port boxes are reinforced concrete structures of large dimensions that, due to their lightened cross-section (multicellular), can float once they are finished, which gives them great versatility in terms of construction (using the sliding formwork technique), floating transport and placement (anchoring) in the port work, either for docks, docks or others.
  • the port drawers have a parallelepiped shape, with rectangular or square plan, although in some special cases drawers with other shapes have been used in order to adapt to the constraints of each project.
  • the proposed solution for the foundation therefore consists of three elements: the actual foundation of concrete, a metal shaft or a latticework and connection element between the superstructure of the meteorological tower or the wind turbine and foundation.
  • the foundation is formed by: A self-floating concrete box, shaped like a straight prism with rectangular bases, provided with internal vertical cells interconnected with each other and with the outside, equipped with emptying and filling devices that allows the self-regulation of the level of ballasting for anchoring at its final location .
  • a top closure slab which covers the entire surface of the drawer with the exception of at least one cell in which a truss or a lattice type support structure is attached, which connects the drawer with the superstructure in which it is fixed in turn the wind turbine or a weather tower.
  • At least one node preferably formed in at least one of the cells of the drawer, which is concreted together with the upper slab, which incorporates connection elements for the shaft or the structure that connects the drawer with the superstructure in which it is placed. fixed in turn the wind turbine or a meteorological tower.
  • the metallic shaft of the superstructure is anchored in the central cell of the drawer, so that it acts as a shoe of the superstructure of the meteorological tower or the wind turbine.
  • the union is made by means of a concrete knot and pre-stressed bars.
  • the assembly to the drawer is done with the same type of union but in several nodes conveniently distributed in different cells of the drawer.
  • the docking area or pier can be arranged, as well as access stairs and intermediate platforms.
  • connection element of the foundation with the superstructure is a metal platform that is attached to both the shaft and the superstructure (meteorological tower or wind turbine), and ending in a work surface where maintenance equipment can be arranged , instrumentation and auxiliary elements for operations.
  • the upper slab covers the drawer and is made jointly with the knot or knots in which the shaft or the upper structure is fixed forming a compact block with them, said slab on some slabs that cover the entire upper surface of the drawer, except those cells in which these knots are formed.
  • a tight upper seal is formed in the drawer that allows it when it finishes its useful life, or simply wants to remove this device from the seabed, to be able to reflote it when injecting air into it in the interior hollow of the drawer.
  • each of the interior cells of the drawer will be connected to a series of adjoining cells forming filling areas independent of each other, each of which it has at least one access conduit with the outside, interposed in said accesses devices that allow or not the passage of fluid during the anchoring operations.
  • the metal shaft or lattice-like structure that joins the box and that supports the wind turbine or meteorological tower has a metallic element connecting it to the superstructure of said wind turbine or said meteorological tower.
  • it also has a dock or landing area, rest platforms and access stairs, as well as a maintenance and instrumentation platform.
  • the simple geometric shape of the foundation box makes it easily prefabricated.
  • the cajonero used for its construction is usual in the maritime-port sector and is totally susceptible of industrial application in a different sector such as that of offshore wind energy. As this is a well-known and already standardized process, it allows the construction in series of drawers for the foundation, minimizing costs and increasing the production rate.
  • the metallic shaft or metal lattice and the joint components are elements widely used in other sectors of engineering and in the sector of offshore wind energy, so its application is immediate.
  • this foundation construction system has other advantages that cover various aspects: - it is applicable at intermediate depths (from 20 m to 50 m);
  • the verticality of the global structure is guaranteed by using a metallic connecting element, with regulation capacity, between the metallic shaft or jacket and the superstructure;
  • the metal shaft or jacket significantly reduces the weight of the foundation with respect to the concrete shaft
  • this solution allows the assembly and installation in port of the entire superstructure, so that flotation transport can be done by reducing costs and optimizing assembly sequences and installation times.
  • Figure 1 shows a general perspective view of the solution.
  • Figure 2 is a sectional view according to a vertical plane passing through one of the cells (61) in which a knot (3) for fixing the shaft or the lattice in which the wind turbine is fixed is formed.
  • Figure 3 corresponds to each view in elevation and floor of a foundation for a lattice type structure.
  • connection element (5) of connection between the shaft and the superstructure of the wind turbine or meteorological tower. This connection element allows to place on it the maintenance platform and the necessary instrumentation.
  • FIG. 2 shows in detail the concrete box (1).
  • the outer perimeter walls, the cells (6) and the interior walls and a section of the upper slab covering the entire upper part of the drawer can be distinguished.
  • the junction (3) of the trunk-caisson connection with the prestressing bars (9).
  • the manufacture of The drawer is carried out in port using a caisson or floating dock, which has a sliding formwork system. This cajonero is commonly used in maritime-port constructions in Spain. Once the box is built, the box is ballasted until the box is floating, so it can be towed and collected in the sea.
  • the use of a floating dock for gravity foundations is a boost of Spanish maritime construction technology.
  • the drawer (1) has several communication routes with the exterior (13), in which a control valve for the passage of water into the interior of the same during the anchoring process or, where appropriate, during the refloating of the foundation
  • the inner cells (6) are also interconnected by conduits (12), provided with emptying and filling control devices that allow the self-regulation of the ballasting level for the anchoring at its final location.
  • the execution of the upper slab (2) is carried out in dry, with the box (1) afloat, with pre-slabs (8) being arranged on the entire surface, except in the cells (61) in which the knots are to be formed ( 3).
  • the slab (2) and the knot or the knots (3) are executed with the necessary reinforcement, installing also tension elements (9) in the knot that will serve as connection with the metal shaft. or latticework.
  • Figure 2 shows an embodiment in which the cell (61) in which the knot (3) is manufactured presents its reinforced walls, with a thickness substantially greater than the walls of the remaining cells.
  • the purpose of this structure is to effectively resist the efforts to which the whole structure that is mounted in said node will be subjected to the arcade.
  • the knot itself is formed only in the upper area of said cell (61), supported on an intermediate pre-tile which in turn is fixed on supports built for that purpose inside the cell (61).
  • This solution makes it possible to lighten the set of the foundation and also the creation of an empty space that during the anchoring is filled with sea water to stabilize and contribute to the settlement of it.
  • node (3) occupies the entire cell (61) in which it is manufactured.
  • the structure of the shaft or lattice and the metallic element of union can be installed with the drawer afloat, by means of cranes, without having to do a prefondeo in port.
  • the metal shaft (4) is fixed in a node (3) located in the cell (61) that occupies the central position of the drawer.
  • Figure 3 shows a lattice type structure (7) that is supported and fixed in four knots (3) that are strategically distributed so that they are placed forming a concentric square or rectangle with the perimeter of the drawer (1).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une fondation par gravité pour l'installation d'aérogénérateurs au large des côtes et de tours météorologiques, qui est fabriquée sur une plateforme flottante afin d'être remorquée jusqu'à son emplacement définitif, où elle est finalement complètement immergée sous le niveau de la mer, laquelle fondation par gravité comprend un caisson flottant (1) en béton, ayant la forme d'un prisme droit à bases rectangulaires, pourvu de cellules verticales intérieures (6) reliées entre elles et avec l'extérieur, et équipées de dispositifs de vidage et de remplissage permettant l'autorégulation du niveau de lestage pour la fondation à son emplacement final; le caisson se fermant au niveau supérieur au moyen d'une plaque (2) qui recouvre toute la surface du caisson (1) à l'exception d'au moins une cellule (61) dans laquelle se forme une motte de béton (3) dans laquelle est fixé un fût (4) ou une structure de support (7) qui relie le caisson (1) à la superstructure (5) dans laquelle est fixé à son tour l'aérogénérateur ou une tour météorologique.
PCT/ES2014/070700 2014-09-15 2014-09-15 Fondation par gravité pour l'installation de tours d'aérogénérateurs au large des côtes et de tours météorologiques WO2016042173A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES201790008A ES2638011B1 (es) 2014-09-15 2014-09-15 Cimentación por gravedad para la instalación de aerogeneradores offshore y torres meteorológicas
PCT/ES2014/070700 WO2016042173A1 (fr) 2014-09-15 2014-09-15 Fondation par gravité pour l'installation de tours d'aérogénérateurs au large des côtes et de tours météorologiques

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/ES2014/070700 WO2016042173A1 (fr) 2014-09-15 2014-09-15 Fondation par gravité pour l'installation de tours d'aérogénérateurs au large des côtes et de tours météorologiques

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2016042173A1 true WO2016042173A1 (fr) 2016-03-24

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PCT/ES2014/070700 WO2016042173A1 (fr) 2014-09-15 2014-09-15 Fondation par gravité pour l'installation de tours d'aérogénérateurs au large des côtes et de tours météorologiques

Country Status (1)

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WO (1) WO2016042173A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107100193A (zh) * 2017-06-24 2017-08-29 浙江华东工程咨询有限公司 一种用于风机承台的施工工艺
WO2020188127A1 (fr) 2019-03-18 2020-09-24 Berenguer Ingenieros S.L. Méthode d'installation d'une structure maritime au large des côtes et structure maritime située au large des côtes
IT202000022255A1 (it) * 2020-09-22 2022-03-22 Mirco Armando Raffuzzi Sistema di ancoraggio per piattaforma
WO2022174913A1 (fr) * 2021-02-19 2022-08-25 Rwe Renewables Gmbh Ensemble partie de moule pour fondation d'éolienne et fondation d'éolienne
WO2023006955A1 (fr) 2021-07-30 2023-02-02 Lak Mohammad Amin Fondation basée sur la gravité

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US720997A (en) * 1902-10-07 1903-02-17 Edmund Becker Art of establishing subaqueous foundations.
ES465480A1 (es) * 1977-06-24 1978-09-16 Emh Perfeccionamientos introducidos en las plataformas de explo-tacion del fondo marino.
US4576519A (en) * 1983-05-23 1986-03-18 Exxon Production Research Co. Offshore platform base
US4906138A (en) * 1987-05-13 1990-03-06 Doris Engineering Gravity base structure for an offshore platform in arctic regions
DE102006002780A1 (de) * 2006-01-20 2007-07-26 Tiefbau-Gmbh "Unterweser" Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Wasserbauwerks
EP2036814A2 (fr) * 2007-09-11 2009-03-18 Jähnig GmbH Felssicherung und Zaunbau Squelette métallique destiné au montage de fondations sous-marines
US20120114484A1 (en) * 2009-07-15 2012-05-10 Tosello Andre Marine Wind Turbine Having a Pylon Vertically Adjusted by Setting
ES2476599T3 (es) * 2007-12-12 2014-07-15 Senvion Se Anclaje de una torre de una instalación de energía e�lica

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US720997A (en) * 1902-10-07 1903-02-17 Edmund Becker Art of establishing subaqueous foundations.
ES465480A1 (es) * 1977-06-24 1978-09-16 Emh Perfeccionamientos introducidos en las plataformas de explo-tacion del fondo marino.
US4576519A (en) * 1983-05-23 1986-03-18 Exxon Production Research Co. Offshore platform base
US4906138A (en) * 1987-05-13 1990-03-06 Doris Engineering Gravity base structure for an offshore platform in arctic regions
DE102006002780A1 (de) * 2006-01-20 2007-07-26 Tiefbau-Gmbh "Unterweser" Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Wasserbauwerks
EP2036814A2 (fr) * 2007-09-11 2009-03-18 Jähnig GmbH Felssicherung und Zaunbau Squelette métallique destiné au montage de fondations sous-marines
ES2476599T3 (es) * 2007-12-12 2014-07-15 Senvion Se Anclaje de una torre de una instalación de energía e�lica
US20120114484A1 (en) * 2009-07-15 2012-05-10 Tosello Andre Marine Wind Turbine Having a Pylon Vertically Adjusted by Setting

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107100193A (zh) * 2017-06-24 2017-08-29 浙江华东工程咨询有限公司 一种用于风机承台的施工工艺
WO2020188127A1 (fr) 2019-03-18 2020-09-24 Berenguer Ingenieros S.L. Méthode d'installation d'une structure maritime au large des côtes et structure maritime située au large des côtes
IT202000022255A1 (it) * 2020-09-22 2022-03-22 Mirco Armando Raffuzzi Sistema di ancoraggio per piattaforma
WO2022174913A1 (fr) * 2021-02-19 2022-08-25 Rwe Renewables Gmbh Ensemble partie de moule pour fondation d'éolienne et fondation d'éolienne
WO2023006955A1 (fr) 2021-07-30 2023-02-02 Lak Mohammad Amin Fondation basée sur la gravité

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