WO2016034444A1 - Mehrschichtverbundwerkstoff, verfahren zur herstellung und halbzeug mit metallischem formgedächtnismaterial - Google Patents
Mehrschichtverbundwerkstoff, verfahren zur herstellung und halbzeug mit metallischem formgedächtnismaterial Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016034444A1 WO2016034444A1 PCT/EP2015/069280 EP2015069280W WO2016034444A1 WO 2016034444 A1 WO2016034444 A1 WO 2016034444A1 EP 2015069280 W EP2015069280 W EP 2015069280W WO 2016034444 A1 WO2016034444 A1 WO 2016034444A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- metallic
- shape memory
- layer
- multilayer composite
- composite material
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000011185 multilayer composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 239000012781 shape memory material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 20
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910001285 shape-memory alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002430 Fibre-reinforced plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011151 fibre-reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004918 carbon fiber reinforced polymer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910002551 Fe-Mn Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910018643 Mn—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910008458 Si—Cr Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001976 improved effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 117
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 32
- 239000012792 core layer Substances 0.000 description 30
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PCSWKNFRILEQBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Fe].[Si].[Mn].[Cr] Chemical compound [Fe].[Si].[Mn].[Cr] PCSWKNFRILEQBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ADAONRZDAUDRSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mn].[Si].[Ni].[Cr].[Fe] Chemical compound [Mn].[Si].[Ni].[Cr].[Fe] ADAONRZDAUDRSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IWTGVMOPIDDPGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mn][Si][Fe] Chemical compound [Mn][Si][Fe] IWTGVMOPIDDPGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003446 memory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Raney nickel Chemical compound [Al].[Ni] NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HZEWFHLRYVTOIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ti].[Ni] Chemical compound [Ti].[Ni] HZEWFHLRYVTOIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WCERXPKXJMFQNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ti].[Ni].[Cu] Chemical compound [Ti].[Ni].[Cu] WCERXPKXJMFQNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003679 aging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000113 differential scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029142 excretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- SORXVYYPMXPIFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron palladium Chemical compound [Fe].[Pd] SORXVYYPMXPIFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001000 nickel titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009993 protective function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000930 thermomechanical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B32B2270/00—Resin or rubber layer containing a blend of at least two different polymers
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- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/714—Inert, i.e. inert to chemical degradation, corrosion
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- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2311/00—Metals, their alloys or their compounds
- B32B2311/005—Shape memory alloys
Definitions
- the invention relates to a multilayer composite material having at least one non-metallic, preferably plastic-containing layer and at least one metallic layer, wherein the at least one metallic layer has a first shape memory material. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing a multilayer composite material and a from the
- the invention relates to a method for producing a component using the semifinished product according to the invention.
- Multilayer composite materials are understood to mean wholly or partially layered composites of at least two different materials in two or more
- Multilayer composite materials preferably
- Sandwich composite materials of three layers which for example by an inner core layer, which is connected to two outer cover layers, in particular cover plates, are formed.
- the cover plates in this case have a material different from the material of the core layer.
- the cover plates may have different or the same materials with each other.
- the layers are not necessarily formed nationwide.
- the materials to be used in the multilayer composite material, in particular sandwich composite material, as well as the structure and thickness of the layers can be selected on the basis of their properties for the particular application, in order to obtain a multilayer composite material which has a favorable combination of the properties of the individual materials.
- the use of multilayer composite materials thus aims to provide a combination of different material properties, which can be combined with a single material Material could be difficult, expensive or even impossible to realize.
- the desired material properties include, for example, high strength, low weight, good corrosion resistance, high economy, as well as improved properties related to the bonding of materials,
- Multilayer composite materials may also have improved formability and high wear resistance.
- Material properties of the multilayer composite material are generated, which correspond to the sum of the properties of the individual materials.
- the individual properties can complement each other in such a way that the multi-layer composite material exceeds in its properties the sum of the contributions of the individual materials.
- Forming process such as the influence of mechanical stress in the form of bending, elongation and shear stress.
- Such problems can be manifested, for example, in the fact that the thickness of the material resulting after deformation has undesirable variations. This can be caused inter alia by different material displacement of the layers during forming. It can also be a detachment of the layers from one another, for example in the form of delamination in laminated composites. As a result, the components produced are structurally weakened and also have a poor dimensional stability. Particularly in the case of metallic layers, in particular cover plates and layers, in particular core layers made of plastics, in particular of fiber-reinforced plastics, in particular one is obtained during forming
- the challenge of multilayer composite material is that high holding forces, for example in the case of steel cover plates, reduce wrinkling but favor a fiber break in the core layer. As a result, the degree of deformation of such multilayer composite materials is limited.
- the technical object of the invention to provide a multi-layer composite material and a method for its production, in which the above-mentioned problem with respect to the forming properties can be significantly improved or even avoided.
- the above-mentioned technical problem is solved according to a first teaching in that at least one second metallic layer is provided and the at least two metallic layers on opposite sides of
- non-metallic layer are arranged.
- the properties of the metal shape memory material can be utilized to maintain the structural integrity of the non-metallic layer, even during reshaping or loading.
- the pseudoplastic or pseudoelastic material can be utilized to maintain the structural integrity of the non-metallic layer, even during reshaping or loading.
- the pseudoplastic or pseudoelastic material can be utilized to maintain the structural integrity of the non-metallic layer, even during reshaping or loading.
- Resilience of the metal shape memory material can be used to prevent excessive stress on non-metallic layers or metallic layers without shape memory properties during forming. So can one
- the high extensibility of the metallic shape memory material in the pseudoplastic Condition is especially in conjunction with an a stretchable material
- Multilayer composite materials in the form of sandwich composite materials which have at least one outer covering layer of a shape memory alloy, benefit on account of the
- At least one second metallic layer for example a second metallic shape memory material-containing cover plate is provided and the at least two metallic layers, for example the at least two
- Cover plates are arranged on opposite sides of the non-metallic layer, for example the core layer.
- Various combinations are possible for the arrangement of the layers, so that a plurality of metallic layers may be provided or else a plurality of non-metallic layers.
- at least one non-metallic layer is arranged outside in the multilayer composite material.
- at least one non-metallic layer, in particular a core layer lies inside and is covered on both sides by metallic layers, for example by cover plates.
- the cover plates provide a protective function against mechanical stress and aging effects.
- This also makes it possible to join the multilayer composite material to the surface, for example by welding or soldering, with further, in particular metallic, components.
- metal layers arranged on opposite sides of the core layer have a metallic shape memory material, in particular the metallic layers consist of a metallic one
- Shape memory material As a result, the forming properties of the individual metallic layers can be combined on both sides and also a cooperative activation of the shape memory material of the metallic layers can be effected.
- the structure of the multilayer composite material along the thickness may be symmetrical, so that the multi-layer, in particular the
- Sandwich composite material has the same forming properties from both sides.
- the at least second metallic layer can not
- Metallic shape memory materials also provide high traction forces and positive locking forces. Furthermore, metallic shape memory materials have the advantage over many non-metallic materials that they
- the at least one metallic layer which may act as a cover plate, for example, completely made of a metallic
- the metallic layer or the cover plate has the advantageous properties of the metallic shape memory material homogeneously over its surface.
- the metallic layer or the cover plate consists only partially of a metallic shape memory material, for example, that strips, patches or a fabric of metallic shape memory material are incorporated into the metallic layer or the cover plate.
- the shape memory of the at least one metallic layer or of the at least one cover plate can be advantageous for the forming properties of the
- Multi-layer composite material can be used.
- the shape memory material has a
- Shape memory of a previously introduced form This can do that
- Shape memory material can be activated by at least the
- shape-memory material activated by heating it is also possible to use a shape-memory material which is activated by a magnetic field.
- the deformation of the multilayer composite material can take place solely by the activation of the shape memory material. Then that is
- thermosetting plastics can be used, which are very stable in temperature. Foamed plastics, in particular those with gas inclusions, are also conceivable.
- the non-metallic layer or core layer comprises a thermoplastic material.
- Plastics contain, for example, polyolefins, polyamides, polyesters, polyethylenes, polypropylenes, polyurethanes or a blend of different plastics.
- the thermoplastic in the non-metallic layer or core layer is based on polyamide, polyethylene or a blend of polyamide and polyethylene, in particular on a PA6 polyamide with a proportion of grafted polyethylenes and a reactive copolymer.
- Thermoplastics can be processed very well and are well deformable when warm. Regarding the forming properties of the
- Multilayer composites make thermoplastic and
- Shape memory materials thus represent a very advantageous combination of materials.
- the at least one non-metallic layer or plastic layer may exhibit shape memory properties.
- the glass transition temperature or melting temperature of the thermoplastic is
- Plastic in the range of ⁇ 100 ° C, in particular ⁇ 50 ° C, preferably ⁇ 25 ° C the activation temperature of the shape memory material.
- Shape memory material and the thermoplastic material are optimally used, since both materials are brought approximately simultaneously when heating in a very malleable state, for example.
- shape memory can then in a favorable manner in connection with the thermoplastic properties happen.
- the glass transition temperature may be decisive in the case of amorphous thermoplastics, while in the case of semicrystalline or highly crystalline ones
- thermoplastic materials and the melting temperature can be used.
- the difference between melting temperature and activation temperature in semicrystalline or highly crystalline thermoplastics can also be selected according to the degree of crystallinity, so that can be formed closer to the melting point, especially at higher crystallinity.
- the glass transition temperature or melting temperature is less than the activation temperature, so that when heating the
- thermoplastic material initially the thermoplastic material is well deformable and then the transition of the shape memory material in the pseudoelastic state and / or activating the shape memory is completed.
- the respective temperatures can be determined under normal conditions, for example with a method of differential scanning calorimetry at a heating rate of 10 K / min with an evaluation according to DIN 51007.
- the non-metallic layer for example core layer, has a fiber-reinforced layer
- the plastic contains, for example, glass, carbon, aramid, polyethylene, basalt, boron or metal fibers.
- carbon fibers offer maximum strength at the lowest weight and are therefore suitable for a variety of applications, for which a high load capacity is required at a low weight.
- the multi-layer composite material thus enables the production of components that are shaped such that draping fiber fabrics in a conventional manner would be difficult, for example, when forming tight bends. It has been found that the force released by the activation of the shape memory material for forming sufficient to drape the fibers independently. Likewise, by the flexibility of the pseudoplastic or pseudoelastic shape memory material, the risk of fiber breakage
- an iron-based shape memory alloy is used as the shape memory material.
- Shape memory alloys can provide very high force or positive locking forces.
- iron-manganese-silicon, iron-manganese-silicon-chromium or iron-manganese-silicon-chromium-nickel can also be used in mass production, since these are relatively inexpensive compared to the other alloy systems.
- iron-based systems offer the possibility of activating the
- the shape memory alloy contains besides iron and
- a corresponding alloy system can be tailored to the specific
- Alloy components are very well matched. For example, the strength increases significantly with the addition of carbon, chromium, molybdenum, titanium, niobium or vanadium.
- Addition of manganese, carbon, chromium or nickel stabilizes the austenite phase, which can be used to increase the activation temperature.
- the nucleus of the phase transformation is used.
- a pseudoplastic or pseudoelastic shape memory alloy can be provided, for example, by providing the shape memory alloy with the following in addition to iron and unavoidable impurities
- Alloy elements in wt .-% contains: 25% ⁇ Mn ⁇ 32%,
- N ⁇ 0.07%, preferably 0.01% ⁇ N ⁇ 0.07%,
- the thickness of the metallic layer is between 0.15 and 1.0 mm, in particular between 0.2 and 0.5 mm. It has been found that said thickness range allows for easy forming of the multilayer composite and at the same time still provides a high degree of stability while providing a
- Multi-layer composite material in particular in connection with a non-metallic layer having a fiber-reinforced plastic.
- the non-metallic layer may also be formed as a core layer.
- the thickness of the non-metallic layer is between 0.3 and 2.0 mm, in particular between 0.4 and 1.0 mm.
- the required strength and rigidity of the composite are given for the layer thicknesses mentioned.
- the ratio of the thickness of the metallic layer to the thickness of the non-metallic layer is between 0.4 and 0.6, especially between 0.45 and 0.55. This ratio has changed for the
- one of the metallic layers in particular one of the cover plates, comprises aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
- one of the metallic layers consists entirely of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
- aluminum alloys are particularly suitable for lightweight multilayer composite materials.
- a combination of carbon fiber reinforced plastic, for example, in a core layer having at least one aluminum or aluminum alloy cover plate results in a low weight of the multilayer composite material at the same time high strength.
- aluminum or aluminum alloys are also advantageous for use in an outer cover plate. Unless aluminum or aluminum alloys are considered as
- Shape memory material are used, these can be particularly easily formed due to their low yield strength when in a
- Multi-layer composite material with at least one metallic layer Multi-layer composite material with at least one metallic layer
- Shape memory material can be combined.
- the multilayer composite material can still further metallic
- Layers in particular cover plates, in particular outer cover plates, for example, have for corrosion protection.
- a one- or two-sided coating of the metallic layers or non-metallic layers is conceivable, for example by means of metallic, organic or inorganic-organic coatings. Such coatings can in particular the function of a
- the multi-layer composite material is preferably band-shaped or sheet-shaped. This enables economical further processing with high process reliability facilitates the handling and transport as well as the storage of the multilayer composite material.
- Multi-layer composite material in particular a novel
- Multilayer composite solved, in which at least one metallic, a shape memory material having layer is connected to at least one non-metallic, preferably plastic-containing layer.
- connection between the at least one metallic layer and at least one non-metallic layer is made possible in particular by the influence of pressure and temperature.
- the compound can be, for example, by rolling, calendering, laminating,
- Gluing or extrusion of the non-metallic layer can be produced on the metallic layer.
- the material of the non-metallic layer may already have been brought into a layer form before joining and only then be connected to the metallic layer. But it is also possible that
- Material of the non-metallic layer for example by means of calendering or extrusion to connect directly in the production of the non-metallic layer with the metallic layer.
- a first metallic, shape-memory material-containing metallic layer is heated to at least the activation temperature and preformed and
- the metallic layer can be preformed and formed, for example, before the connection with the non-metallic layer. It can also be made first the compound of metallic layer and non-metallic layer and then a preforming and forming of the metallic layer in
- Multi-layer composite material can be performed.
- the deformation of the metallic layer containing the shape-memory material can be carried out simultaneously with the compound of the non-metallic, preferably plastic-containing layer. After the preforming of the metallic layer, the multilayer composite material can thus be produced in a single further combined operation, which increases the economic efficiency of the process.
- the material of the non-metallic layer is preferably based on a thermoplastic material due to the requirements on the formability of the non-metallic layer and the possibility of
- the deformation of the metallic layer can take place simultaneously with the lamination of the fibers in a plastic matrix.
- the non-metallic layer is connected to at least one second metallic layer, which preferably consists of a
- Shape memory material exists.
- the multilayer composite can be given additional formability and stability.
- a symmetrical arrangement of the layers is thus made possible.
- the non-metallic layer may be bonded to at least one other metallic layer comprising aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
- Aluminum or aluminum alloy have not only low weight and high corrosion resistance but also good rolling properties or
- the multilayer composite material can be produced in a coil-to-coil process.
- the metallic layer or the metallic layers can be provided on a coil and unwound.
- the material of the non-metallic layer may also be available on a coil, especially in prefabricated form.
- the components of the plastic, the fiber web and the plastic matrix may also be provided and unwound on coils. The winding up of the manufactured
- Multi-layer composite material on a coil enables an economic
- the multilayer composite can be produced in a coil / band-to-sheet / sheet process.
- the multilayer composite material can first be manufactured economically and reliably in a band shape and then cut into sheets. Sheets simplify the handling of the multilayer composite material and are particularly easy to stack. Also, the sheets can already be made during the manufacturing process in a size that corresponds to the size required for further processing.
- the abovementioned technical problem is solved by a semifinished product produced from a multilayer composite material according to the invention and by a method for producing a component using a semifinished product according to the invention, in which the semifinished product is heated to at least the activation temperature of the shape memory material a magnetic field is activated and the semifinished product is transformed over the shape memory of the shape memory material to the desired component.
- a semifinished product according to the invention is provided, for example, from the multilayer composite according to the invention, wherein the shape memory material has a shape memory over a shape that differs from the shape of the
- Shape memory material in the multilayer composite material is different.
- Semi-finished products can be strip-shaped or be cut in the form of sheets, but optionally also further in terms of the final shape of the component to be produced in the technical or geometric sense.
- the semifinished product is advantageous in terms of its properties, for example during handling, during transport or during its use in the production process.
- the semifinished product can be delivered to the customer in the corresponding simple form, for example as sheet metal or strip.
- the production of the component from the semifinished product is greatly simplified by the forming properties of the shape memory material.
- the shape stored in shape memory already corresponds to the final shape of the component.
- Shape memory material are activated and the component are manufactured. No further forming tools are needed for this.
- Multi-layer composite of a of the invention
- Multi-layer composite produced semifinished product and the method for producing a component using a semifinished product according to the invention is further to the comments on the inventive
- Multi-layer composite material and referred to the drawing.
- the drawing shows
- Multi-layer composite material in a sectional view, a second embodiment of a
- Multilayer composite in a sectional view, a third embodiment of a
- Multilayer composite in a sectional view, an embodiment of a method for producing a multilayer composite, in a sectional view of two components made of the
- a multilayer composite according to the invention a first exemplary embodiment of a schematic construction of a method for producing a multilayer composite in the coil-to-coil method, a second exemplary embodiment of a schematic structure of a method for producing a multilayer composite in the coil-to-coil method, a third exemplary embodiment of a schematic Construction of a Method for Producing a Multilayer Composite Material in the Coil / Band-to-Sheet / Sheet Metal Process, A Fourth Exemplary Embodiment of a Schematic Structure of a Process for Producing a Multilayer Composite Material in the Coil / Band-to-Sheet / Sheet Metal Process
- Fig. 5a an embodiment of a semifinished product of an inventive
- Multilayer composite in perspective Fig. 5b
- Fig. La shows in a sectional view a first embodiment of a
- Multilayer composite material 2 in which a non-metallic, preferably plastic core layer 4 is connected to a metallic layer, preferably a cover plate 6, which has a metallic shape memory material.
- a cover plate 6 which has a metallic shape memory material.
- the cover plate 6 has an iron-based
- Shape memory alloy and the core layer 4 a thermoplastic and fiber-reinforced plastic, for example, a carbon fiber reinforced blend of polyamide and polyethylene.
- the shape memory material of the cover plate 6 has a shape memory of a shape, which is different from the shape of the shape memory material shown here in the multilayer composite material.
- Fig. Lb) shows a sectional view of a second embodiment of a
- Multilayer composite 2 ' in which compared to the embodiment shown in Fig. La) on the opposite side of the cover plate 6, a further metal cover plate 8 is connected to the core layer 4.
- the additional cover sheet 8 can have other materials, for example aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
- the cover plate 8 may as well as the cover plate 6 have a metallic shape memory material.
- the shape memory material of the cover plate 8 have a shape memory, which corresponds to the shape memory of the first cover plate 6, so that the forming properties of the cover plates 6, 8 assist in activation.
- cover plates 6, 8 have approximately the same thickness, so that the multi-layer composite material is approximately symmetrical along its thickness.
- the multilayer composite material 2 may also comprise a plurality of non-metallic layers as core layers 4a, 4b, wherein a metallic layer may be used Layer 6 with shape memory between the layers 4a, 4b is arranged.
- a metallic layer may be used Layer 6 with shape memory between the layers 4a, 4b is arranged.
- Fig. 2a) -e) show in a sectional view an embodiment of a method for producing a multilayer composite 2, 2 '.
- a metallic layer for example, a metallic cover plate 6, which a
- Shape memory material provided.
- the cover plate 6 can be present in strip form.
- the cover sheet is heated and preformed at least to the activation temperature of the shape memory material, for example, as shown in Fig. 2b) in a round or oval shape.
- the cover sheet in Fig. 2c) is then cooled to a temperature below the activation temperature and reformed again, for example, back into a band shape.
- the activation can also be effected, for example, via a corresponding magnetic field.
- cover plate 6 is connected to a non-metallic layer, for example the core layer 4, wherein the deformation of the cover plate 6 can be done before bonding to the core layer 4, as shown in Fig. 2c), or simultaneously with the connection with the core layer 4 in Fig. 2d).
- a non-metallic layer for example the core layer 4, wherein the deformation of the cover plate 6 can be done before bonding to the core layer 4, as shown in Fig. 2c), or simultaneously with the connection with the core layer 4 in Fig. 2d).
- Multilayer composite material 2 in Fig. 2d) now corresponds to the embodiment shown in Fig. La), wherein the shape memory material has a shape memory on the shape shown in Fig. 2b) or alternatively a shape between Fig. 2b) and Fig. 2a), when the shape memory effect designed so that no complete
- a metallic layer for example a further cover sheet 8
- a metallic layer for example a further cover sheet 8
- the multilayer composite material 2 'in Fig. 2e) now also corresponds to the embodiment shown in Fig. Lb), wherein the shape memory material a
- FIG. 2f) shows in a sectional view a component 10 produced from the multilayer composite material 2 shown in FIG. 2d).
- the production of the component 10 can be effected by forming tools, wherein additionally the forming properties of the shape memory material are at least heated by warming up
- Activation temperature can be used. In particular, that happens
- Multilayer composite material 2 at least to the activation temperature, in which the shape memory of the shape memory material in the cover plate 6 is activated and the shape of the cover plate 6 of Fig. 2b) or a shape between Fig. 2b) and Fig. 2a) is restored. It is then a self-transforming multi-layer composite material 2.
- FIG. 2g shows a component 10 'produced from the multilayer composite 2' shown in FIG. 2e).
- Fig. 3a shows a first embodiment of a schematic structure of a method for producing a multilayer composite material 2 in the coil-to-coil method, in which initially a band-shaped metallic cover plate 6 is unwound from a coil 12. In a first preforming stage 14, the cover plate 6 is heated to at least the activation temperature TA and preformed.
- the cover plate 6 is cooled in the second forming stage 16 below the activation temperature TA and reshaped, for example, back into a band shape.
- the material of the core layer 4 is from a second coil 18th
- FIG. 3b) shows a second embodiment of a schematic structure of a method for producing a multilayer composite material 2 in the coil-to-coil method.
- the method shown in FIG. 3 b) differs from the method shown in FIG. 3 a) in that instead of a separate second forming stage 16 and a connecting device 20 in FIG
- FIG. 4a shows a third embodiment of a schematic structure of a
- FIG. 4 a) Process for producing a multilayer composite material 2 in the coil / strip-to-sheet / sheet metal process.
- the method shown in FIG. 4 a) differs from the method shown in FIG. 3 a) in that in FIG.
- Multilayer composite 2 is not wound on a coil 22, but in a connecting device 20 downstream band divider 26 is processed into sheets 28.
- Fig. 4b shows a fourth embodiment of a schematic structure of a method for producing a multilayer composite material in the coil / tape-to-sheet / sheet metal method, in which analogous to Fig. 3b), the deformation of
- Fig. 5a shows an embodiment of a semifinished product 30 from a
- the semi-finished product is made of a
- Multi-layer composite material 2 with a core layer 4 and a cover plate 6 produced.
- the multilayer composite material 2 was already cut into a shape corresponding to the component 10 to be produced and has the
- the semifinished product 30 can first be heated to at least the activation temperature of the shape memory material and then, in particular, including a shape memory, be converted into the final shape of the component 32.
- the cover plate 6 of the semifinished product 30 preferably has a shape memory via a shape which corresponds to the component 32 to be produced. Then, the component 32 can only by heating the semifinished product 30 via the activation temperature TA by activating the
- Shape memory material can be produced without further forming tools.
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Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2017506714A JP6659664B2 (ja) | 2014-09-04 | 2015-08-21 | 複数層複合材料を製造するための方法 |
US15/507,845 US20170282496A1 (en) | 2014-09-04 | 2015-08-21 | Multi-layer composite material, production method, and semi-finished product having metal shape-memory material |
KR1020177008671A KR20170048501A (ko) | 2014-09-04 | 2015-08-21 | 다층 복합 재료, 그 제조 방법 및 형상 기억 금속 재료를 갖는 반제품 |
EP15760111.3A EP3188906A1 (de) | 2014-09-04 | 2015-08-21 | Mehrschichtverbundwerkstoff, verfahren zur herstellung und halbzeug mit metallischem formgedächtnismaterial |
CN201580047417.6A CN106660325A (zh) | 2014-09-04 | 2015-08-21 | 有金属形状记忆材料的多层复合材料、制造方法和半成品 |
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DE102014112772.2A DE102014112772A1 (de) | 2014-09-04 | 2014-09-04 | Mehrschichtverbundwerkstoff, Verfahren zur Herstellung und Halbzeug mit Formgedächtnismaterial |
DE102014112772.2 | 2014-09-04 |
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EP (1) | EP3188906A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP6659664B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR20170048501A (de) |
CN (1) | CN106660325A (de) |
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JP6805951B2 (ja) * | 2017-04-25 | 2020-12-23 | 三菱ケミカル株式会社 | 積層パネル |
DE102018216935A1 (de) * | 2018-10-02 | 2020-04-02 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Hybrides Stahl-Kunststoffhalbzeug mit Formgedächtniseigenschaften |
DE102018129384A1 (de) * | 2018-11-22 | 2020-05-28 | Fischerwerke Gmbh & Co. Kg | Faserverbundwerkstoff |
KR20220057515A (ko) * | 2019-06-21 | 2022-05-09 | 카네기 멜론 유니버시티 | 밀가루 기반 형상 변화 식품 및 관련 방법 |
DE102019121698A1 (de) * | 2019-08-12 | 2021-05-06 | Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag | Mehrlagenverbund und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Mehrlagenverbunds |
CN112664420B (zh) * | 2020-12-18 | 2023-03-24 | 浙江大学 | 一种高频快速驱动的形状记忆驱动器及其制备方法 |
CN114135454A (zh) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-03-04 | 西安交通大学 | 一种片状柔性sma复合驱动器及其成型工艺 |
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2014
- 2014-09-04 DE DE102014112772.2A patent/DE102014112772A1/de not_active Withdrawn
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2015
- 2015-08-21 JP JP2017506714A patent/JP6659664B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2015-08-21 EP EP15760111.3A patent/EP3188906A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2015-08-21 US US15/507,845 patent/US20170282496A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2015-08-21 KR KR1020177008671A patent/KR20170048501A/ko unknown
- 2015-08-21 CN CN201580047417.6A patent/CN106660325A/zh active Pending
- 2015-08-21 WO PCT/EP2015/069280 patent/WO2016034444A1/de active Application Filing
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JP6659664B2 (ja) | 2020-03-04 |
EP3188906A1 (de) | 2017-07-12 |
US20170282496A1 (en) | 2017-10-05 |
KR20170048501A (ko) | 2017-05-08 |
DE102014112772A1 (de) | 2016-03-10 |
JP2017533110A (ja) | 2017-11-09 |
CN106660325A (zh) | 2017-05-10 |
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