WO2016029405A1

WO2016029405A1 - Decoding method and device based on multi-objective genetic

Info

Publication number: WO2016029405A1
Application number: PCT/CN2014/085404
Authority: WO
Inventors: 行双双; 张舜卿; 何高宁
Original assignee: 华为技术有限公司
Priority date: 2014-08-28
Filing date: 2014-08-28
Publication date: 2016-03-03

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of mobile communications, particularly relates to a decoding method and device based on multi-objective genetic. The solution provided in the embodiments of the present invention realizes a quick search for multi-user optimal user sequence constellation point by introducing a search algorithm based on a genetic algorithm without the need for traversing all user sequence constellation points, and thus can reduce the complexity of an MPA decoding algorithm and achieve the balance adjustment between the performance of decoding and the complexity of a receiver.

Description

一种基于多目标遗传的译码方法及装置Decoding method and device based on multi-objective inheritance

技术领域Technical field

本发明涉及移动通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种基于多目标遗传的译码方法及装置。The present invention relates to the field of mobile communication technologies, and in particular, to a decoding method and apparatus based on multi-objective inheritance.

背景技术Background technique

在长期演进(Long Term Evolution，LTE)***中，多用户共享***资源采用的是一种“正交”的方式。“正交”指的是一个***资源块(Resource Element，RE)只能最多分配给一个用户(或虚拟用户)使用，因此不同用户对于频率资源的占用方式是“正交”的。In the Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, multi-user shared system resources adopt an "orthogonal" approach. "Orthogonal" refers to a system resource block (RE) that can only be allocated to at most one user (or virtual user), so different users occupy "orthogonal" frequency resources.

对于5G***来说，用户数的增长远远超过频谱扩展的速度，因此原有通信***中正交的资源占用方式将会消耗有限的频谱资源，使得频谱短缺的问题更加突出。最新研究提出了非正交接入的思想，即多用户可以在有限的频谱资源上通过非正交的方式进行共享，从而提高频谱的利用率。所谓的“非正交”即指的是多用户可以通过非正交的方式共享频谱等***资源。For 5G systems, the growth of the number of users far exceeds the speed of spectrum expansion. Therefore, the orthogonal resource usage in the original communication system will consume limited spectrum resources, making the problem of spectrum shortage more prominent. The latest research proposes the idea of non-orthogonal access, that is, multiple users can share in a non-orthogonal manner on a limited spectrum of resources, thereby improving spectrum utilization. The so-called "non-orthogonal" means that multiple users can share system resources such as spectrum in a non-orthogonal manner.

现有技术中使用比较多的方案包括：低密度扩展(Low-Density Spreading，LDS)和稀疏编码多址接入(Sparse Coding Multiple Access，SCMA)技术，上述两个现有技术的共同特点主要有以下两个：The solutions used in the prior art include: Low-Density Spreading (LDS) and Sparse Coding Multiple Access (SCMA) technologies, and the common features of the two prior art technologies are mainly The following two:

1、数据在频域上通过码字扩展的方式增加多载波***的信息传输速率；1. The data increases the information transmission rate of the multi-carrier system by means of codeword expansion in the frequency domain;

2、不同用户的码字通过类低密度奇偶校验码(Low Density Parity Check Code，LDPC)稀疏矩阵的方式在一个资源块上进行叠加传输。2. The codewords of different users are superimposed and transmitted on a resource block by means of a Low Density Parity Check Code (LDPC) sparse matrix.

然而，非正交接入的方式也带来了不可避免的复杂度问题，对于多用户***，最优的译码算法是最大后验概率(Maximum a Posteriori，MAP)算法，该算法能够实现***的最优性能，其译码的基本原理是对所有用户的所有星座点集合进行遍历搜索，并与接收到的信号进行比较，这就使得该算法的译码复杂度随着用户数目及调制阶数的增加呈现指数关系的增长，因此在实际***中会出现译码比较复杂，对硬件要求较高等问题。However, the non-orthogonal access method also brings the inevitable complexity problem. For multi-user systems, the optimal decoding algorithm is the Maximum A Posteriori (MAP) algorithm, which can implement the system. The optimal performance, the basic principle of decoding is to traverse the search of all the constellation point sets of all users, and compare with the received signals, which makes the translation of the algorithm The code complexity increases exponentially with the increase of the number of users and the modulation order. Therefore, in the actual system, there will be problems such as complicated decoding and high hardware requirements.

发明内容Summary of the invention

本发明实施例提供一种基于多目标遗传的译码方法及装置，用以解决现有技术中多目标遗传的译码方法无法实现对***性能和算法复杂度的调节的问题。The embodiment of the invention provides a decoding method and device based on multi-objective inheritance, which is used to solve the problem that the multi-objective genetic decoding method in the prior art cannot adjust the system performance and algorithm complexity.

第一方面，提供一种基于多目标遗传的译码方法，当M个用户利用N个子载波传输数据，且一个子载波上承载多个用户的信号，一个用户的信号在多个子载波上传输，该方法包括：In a first aspect, a decoding method based on multi-objective inheritance is provided. When M users transmit data by using N subcarriers, and one subcarrier carries signals of multiple users, a user's signal is transmitted on multiple subcarriers. The method includes:

接收***参数，并将***参数中由所述M个用户形成的第一用户序列，作为构成遗传种群中染色体；其中，所述第一用户序列中的任一元素v_i与任一用户的一个星座点对应，不同的星座点组合形成不同的用户序列；Receiving system parameters, and forming a first user sequence formed by the M users in the system parameter as a chromosome constituting the genetic population; wherein any element v _{i of} the first user sequence and one of the users Corresponding to constellation points, different constellation points combine to form different user sequences;

检测迭代次数是否等于1，如果是，基于所述第一用户序列随机生成种群大小为L的初始种群，将所述初始种群作为当前迭代操作的当前种群，否则，利用前一次迭代操作输出的最优译码序列更新后的种群作为当前迭代操作的当前种群；Detecting whether the number of iterations is equal to 1, if yes, randomly generating an initial population having a population size L based on the first user sequence, using the initial population as the current population of the current iteration operation, otherwise, using the output of the previous iteration operation The updated population of the optimal decoding sequence is used as the current population of the current iterative operation;

利用多目标遗传算法GA对所述当前种群中的用户序列进行搜索，输出搜索到的多个第二用户序列对应的多个第一星座点信息；其中，所述第二用户序列与每个子载波对应，第二用户序列中的任一元素v_ni与对应的子载波所连接的任一用户的一个星座点对应；Searching for a user sequence in the current population by using a multi-objective genetic algorithm GA, and outputting a plurality of first constellation point information corresponding to the plurality of searched second user sequences; wherein the second user sequence and each subcarrier Correspondingly, any element v _ni in the second user sequence corresponds to a constellation point of any user to which the corresponding subcarrier is connected;

根据所述多个第一星座点信息确定第二星座点信息，其中，所述第二星座点信息是与子载波对应的没有搜索到星座点信息的第二用户序列的星座点信息；Determining, according to the plurality of first constellation point information, the second constellation point information, where the second constellation point information is constellation point information of the second user sequence that does not search for the constellation point information corresponding to the subcarrier;

根据所述第一星座点信息、第二星座点信息确定每个用户信号的码本中每个码字的概率，并根据每个码字的概率得到当前最优译码序列； Determining, according to the first constellation point information and the second constellation point information, a probability of each codeword in a codebook of each user signal, and obtaining a current optimal decoding sequence according to a probability of each codeword;

检测迭代次数是否小于预设的迭代最大次数，如果是，将所述当前最优译码序列作为所述当前种群的一个染色体，更新所述当前种群；否则，利用所述当前最优译码序列进行译码。Detecting whether the number of iterations is less than a preset maximum number of iterations, and if so, updating the current population by using the current optimal decoding sequence as one chromosome of the current population; otherwise, using the current optimal decoding sequence Perform decoding.

结合第一方面，在第一种可能的实现方式中，所述根据所述第一星座点信息、第二星座点信息确定每个用户信号的码本中每个码字的概率，并根据每个码字的概率得到当前最优译码序列包括：With reference to the first aspect, in a first possible implementation, the determining, according to the first constellation point information and the second constellation point information, a probability of each codeword in a codebook of each user signal, and according to each The probability of each codeword is obtained by the current optimal decoding sequence including:

根据所述第一星座点信息、第二星座点信息以及用户对应每个子载波的第一概率信息，生成子载波对应每个用户的第二概率信息，根据所述第二概率信息更新每个用户对应的第一概率信息；Generating second probability information corresponding to each user of the subcarrier according to the first constellation point information, the second constellation point information, and the first probability information of the user corresponding to each subcarrier, and updating each user according to the second probability information. Corresponding first probability information;

根据所述生成的第二概率信息，计算用户对应的码本中每个码字的概率，根据所述每个码字的概率，计算每个用户对应的码本中每个码字对应的对数似然比LLR，根据所述LLR确定译码每个用户的传输信号的星座点符号得到当前最优译码序列。Calculating, according to the generated second probability information, a probability of each codeword in the codebook corresponding to the user, and calculating, according to the probability of each codeword, a pair corresponding to each codeword in the codebook corresponding to each user The number likelihood ratio LLR determines the current optimal decoding sequence by decoding the constellation point symbols of each user's transmission signal according to the LLR.

结合第一方面，或者第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式中的任意一种，在第二种可能的实现方式中，根据所述多个第一星座点信息确定第二星座点信息包括：With reference to the first aspect, or any one of the first possible implementation manners of the first aspect, in a second possible implementation, determining, according to the multiple first constellation point information, that the second constellation point information includes :

获取所述多个第一星座点信息的均值，并将所述均值作为所述第二星座点信息。Obtaining an average of the plurality of first constellation point information, and using the average value as the second constellation point information.

结合第一方面，或者第一方面的第一至二种可能的实现方式中的任意一种，在第三种可能的实现方式中，所述利用多目标遗传算法GA对所述当前种群中的用户序列进行搜索，输出搜索到的多个第二用户序列对应的多个第一星座点信息包括：With reference to the first aspect, or any one of the first to the second possible implementations of the first aspect, in a third possible implementation, the multi-objective genetic algorithm GA is used in the current population The user sequence performs a search, and outputting the plurality of first constellation point information corresponding to the plurality of searched second user sequences includes:

计算所述当前种群中每个第一用户序列对应的适应度函数，所述适应度函数为单目标函数之和，所述单目标函数与子载波对应，且所述单目标函数是每个子载波上连接的多个用户之间的欧氏距离；Calculating a fitness function corresponding to each first user sequence in the current population, the fitness function is a sum of single objective functions, the single objective function corresponds to a subcarrier, and the single objective function is each subcarrier The Euclidean distance between multiple users connected;

比较多个第一用户序列对应的适应度函数，根据比较结果和预设的选择准则从所述多个第一用户序列中选择产生子代的父代染色体个体； Comparing the fitness functions corresponding to the plurality of first user sequences, and selecting the parent chromosome individuals that generate the child from the plurality of first user sequences according to the comparison result and the preset selection criteria;

对选择的父代染色体个体分组，以***参数中的遗传过程中交叉概率P_C对分组后的父代染色体个体进行线***叉产生子代染色体个体；Grouping the selected parent chromosomes, and linearly intersecting the grouped parent chromosome individuals with the crossover probability P _C in the genetic parameters in the system parameters to generate the child chromosomes;

对所述子代染色体个体以变异概率P_M进行变异形成新的染色体个体，利用所述新的染色体个体形成新的父代种群，检测当前遗传代数是否等于***参数中的最大遗传代数，如果是，则将所述新的父代种群作为当前种群计算适应度函数；当遗传代数等于所述最大遗传代数时，结束遗传搜索，输出所述单目标函数值作为搜索到的多个第二用户序列对应的多个第一星座点信息。Individuals of the progeny chromosomes are mutated by a mutation probability P _M to form a new chromosome individual, and the new chromosome individual is used to form a new parent population, and whether the current genetic algebra is equal to the maximum genetic algebra in the system parameter, if And calculating the fitness function as the current population as the current population; when the genetic algebra is equal to the maximum genetic algebra, ending the genetic search, and outputting the single objective function value as the searched plurality of second user sequences Corresponding multiple first constellation point information.

结合第一方面的第三种可能的实现方式，在第四种可能的实现方式中，当接收端有两根接收天线，且有三个用户时，所述单目标函数F(y_n,C_FN,n,H_n)为：In conjunction with the third possible implementation of the first aspect, in a fourth possible implementation, when the receiving end has two receiving antennas and there are three users, the single objective function F(y _n , C _{FN , n} , H _n ) are:

F(y_n,C_FN,n,H_n)＝f(y_n,α，β，i，N_O,n,H_n)F(y _n , C _FN,n ,H _n )=f(y _n ,α,β,i,N _O,n ,H _n )

其中，y_n为每个子载波上接收到的信号，则y_n,r1为接收端在第n个子载波和第r1根接收天线上收到的信号；H_n为每个子载波上连接的用户对应的信道估计矩阵，则h_n,k,r1为用户k在第n个子载波和第r1跟接收天线对应的上行信道；C_FN,n＝[v_n1v_n2.....v_n，df]为每个子载波上对应的用户序列；C_k(i)为用户k的稀疏编码多址接入SCMA码本中的第i个码字，N_o,n,r1为第n个子载波和第r1跟接收天线上的噪声。Where y _n is the signal received on each subcarrier, then y _{n, r1} is the signal received by the receiving end on the nth subcarrier and the r1th receiving antenna; H _n is the user corresponding to the connection on each subcarrier The channel estimation matrix, then h _n,k,r1 is the uplink channel corresponding to the receiving antenna of the user k at the nth subcarrier and the r1; C _FN,n =[v _n1 v _n2 .....v _n,df ] is the corresponding user sequence on each subcarrier; C _k (i) is the i th codeword in the sparse coded multiple access SCMA codebook of user k, and N _{o, n, r1} are the nth subcarrier and the first R1 and the noise on the receiving antenna.

结合第一方面的第一至三种可能的实现方式，在第五种可能的实现方式中，当一个子载波上对应承载三个用户的信号，每个子载波对应的三个用户分别为目标用户、第一关联用户和第二关联用户；一个用户的信号在两个目标子载波上传输；则所述根据所述第一星座点信息、第二星座点信息以及用户对应每个子载波的第一概率信息，生成子载波对应每个用户的第二概率信息，包括：With reference to the first to third possible implementation manners of the first aspect, in a fifth possible implementation manner, when one subcarrier corresponds to a signal carrying three users, the three users corresponding to each subcarrier are respectively target users. First associated user and second associated user; one user's signal is in two orders And transmitting, according to the first constellation point information, the second constellation point information, and the first probability information of each subcarrier corresponding to the user, generating second probability information of the subcarrier corresponding to each user, including:

根据以下公式确定所述第二概率信息：The second probability information is determined according to the following formula:

其中，

表示所述目标用户信号q_k的码本中的第i个码字的针对所述两个目标子载波中的一个目标子载波c_n的概率，n为所述目标子载波c_n在所述N个子载波中的序号，Z(k)表示各目标子载波在所述N个子载波中的序号的集合，α表示所述第一关联用户信号的码本中的码字序号，β表示所述第二关联用户信号的码本中的码字序号，i表示所述目标用户信号的码本中的码字序号，f(.)表示针对所述目标子载波c_n上连接用户的欧氏距离，

表示所述第一关联用户信号q_a的码本中的第α个码字的针对所述目标子载波c_n的概率，

表示所述第二关联用户信号q_b的码本中的第β个码字的针对所述目标子载波c_n的概率，|C_k|表示所述目标用户信号q_k的码本包括的码字的数量；|C_a|表示所述第一关联用户信号q_a的码本包括的码字的数量；|C_b|表示所述第二关联用户信号q_b的码本包括的码字的数量。among them,

This code indicates the target user signal q _k is the i th codeword c _n subcarriers probability for the two sub-carriers in a certain target, n is the target of the subcarrier c _n a sequence number of N subcarriers, Z(k) represents a set of sequence numbers of the target subcarriers in the N subcarriers, α represents a codeword sequence number in a codebook of the first associated user signal, and β represents the a second codebook codeword sequence number associated with the user signal, i denotes the number of codewords of a codebook target signal of the user, f (.) indicates the connection of the user with respect to a target subcarrier on Euclidean distance c _n ,

_Determining the probability of the alpha codeword in the codebook of the first associated user signal q _a for the target subcarrier c _n ,

Denotes the probability for the target sub-carrier c _n of the codebook associated with the second user signal q _b in the first codeword of β, | C _k | target representing the user signals q _k codebook includes a code The number of words; |C _a | indicates the number of code words included in the codebook of the first associated user signal q _a ; |C _b | indicates the code word included in the codebook of the second associated user signal q _b Quantity.

结合第一方面的第五种可能的实现方式，在第六种可能的实现方式中，当待更新的用户为目标用户，则根据所述第二概率信息更新每个用户对应的第一概率信息包括：With reference to the fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a sixth possible implementation manner, when the user to be updated is the target user, the first probability information corresponding to each user is updated according to the second probability information. include:

从承载于所述两个目标子载波中的第一目标子载波的两个关联用户信号中，确定目标用户信号；Determining a target user signal from two associated user signals carried in a first target subcarrier of the two target subcarriers;

根据所述目标用户信号，确定关联子载波，所述关联子载波是所述N个子载波中除所述第一目标子载波以外的承载有所述目标用户信号的子载波；Determining, according to the target user signal, an associated subcarrier, where the associated subcarrier is a subcarrier carrying the target user signal except the first target subcarrier among the N subcarriers;

根据所述关联子载波，基于以下公式，对所述目标用户信号的码本中的每个码字的概率进行更新：Determining, in the codebook of the target user signal, based on the associated subcarrier, based on the following formula The probability of each codeword is updated:

其中，

表示所述目标用户信号q_k的码本中的第i个码字的针对所述两个目标子载波中的第一目标子载波c_n的概率，n表示所述第一目标子载波在所述N个子载波中的序号，k表示所述目标用户信号q_k在所述M个用户信号中的序号，i表示所述目标用户信号q_k的码本中的码字序号，W(k)表示所述关联子载波在所述N个子载波中的序号的集合，！n表示关联子载波c_！n在所述N个子载波中的序号，

表示所述目标用户信号q_k的码本中的第i个码字的针对所述关联子载波c_！n的概率，|C_k|表示所述第一关联用户信号q_k的码本包括的码字的数量。among them,

C _n represents the probability that subcarriers for the user code of the target present signal q _k of the i-th codeword the target subcarriers two first target, n represents the first target of the subcarriers a sequence number in the N subcarriers, k represents a sequence number of the target user signal q _k in the M user signals, and i represents a code word sequence number in the codebook of the target user signal q _k , W(k) Representing a set of sequence numbers of the associated subcarriers in the N subcarriers, n represents the associated subcarrier c _{! n the number} in the N subcarriers,

This code indicates the target user signal q _k is the i th code word for the associated subcarrier _C! Probability of _n, | C _k | denotes the number of codewords associated with a first user signal q _k codebook included.

结合第一方面的第五种可能的实现方式，在第七种可能的实现方式中，根据所述生成的第二概率信息，计算用户对应的码本中每个码字的概率包括：With reference to the fifth possible implementation manner of the foregoing aspect, in a seventh possible implementation, the calculating, according to the generated second probability information, the probability of each codeword in the codebook corresponding to the user includes:

当所述用户为目标用户，根据以下公式确定所述目标用户信号q_k的码本中每个码字的概率

When the user is the target user, the probability of the target user codebook signal q _k of each code word is determined according to the formula

其中，i表示所述目标用户信号的码本中的码字序号，n为所述两个目标子载波中的一个目标子载波c_n在所述N个子载波中的序号，Z(k)表示各目标子载波在所述N个子载波中的序号的集合，

表示更新后的目标用户信号q_k的码本中的第i个码字的针对所述目标子载波c_n的概率，|C_k|表示所述目标用户信号q_k的码本包括的码字的数量。Where i is the codeword number in the codebook of the target user signal, n is the sequence number of one of the two target subcarriers c _n in the N subcarriers, and Z(k) is represented by a set of sequence numbers of the target subcarriers in the N subcarriers,

Represents the probability of the updated codebook target signal q _k user in the i-th codeword for the target sub-carrier of c _n, | C _k | target representing the user signals q _k codebook comprises codewords quantity.

结合第一方面的第七种可能的实现方式，在第八种可能的实现方式中，所述计算每个用户对应的码本中每个码字对应的对数似然比LLR包括：With reference to the seventh possible implementation manner of the foregoing aspect, in the eighth possible implementation, the calculating a log likelihood ratio LLR corresponding to each codeword in each codebook corresponding to each user includes:

当所述用户为所述目标用户，且所述目标用户信号q_k在所述M个用户信号中的序号为k，则When the user is the target user, and the serial number of the target user signal q _k in the M user signals is k, then

根据以下公式确定所述目标用户信号的码本中的第i个码字对应的调制符号中的每一位的比特值的LLR，以确定所述目标用户信号的码本中第i个码字对应的LLR：Determining an LLR of a bit value of each bit of the modulation symbol corresponding to the i-th codeword in the codebook of the target user signal according to the following formula to determine an i-th codeword in the codebook of the target user signal Corresponding LLR:

其中，LLRx表示所述目标用户信号q_k的码本中的第i个码字对应的调制符号中的第x位的比特值的LLR，X表示所述目标用户信号q_k的码本中的第i个码字对应的调制符号中的比特值的位数，

表示所述目标用户信号q_k的码本中的第i个码字的针对所述两个目标子载波中的一个目标子载波c_n的概率，n为所述目标子载波c_n在所述N个子载波中的序号，Z(k)表示各所述目标子载波在所述N个子载波中的序号的集合，i表示所述目标用户信号的码本中的码字序号，u_i,x表示所述目标用户信号q_k的码本中的第i个码字对应的调制符号中的第x位的比特值。Wherein, LLRx LLR represents the bit value of the target user code present in the signal q _k code words corresponding to the i-th modulation symbol x bit, X is the target user code present in the signal q _k The number of bits of the bit value in the modulation symbol corresponding to the i-th codeword,

This code indicates the target user signal q _k is the i th codeword c _n subcarriers probability for the two sub-carriers in a certain target, n is the target of the subcarrier c _n a sequence number of N subcarriers, Z(k) represents a set of sequence numbers of the target subcarriers in the N subcarriers, and i represents a codeword sequence number in the codebook of the target user signal, u _{i, x} It represents a bit value of the i-th modulation symbol codeword corresponding to the target user code present in the signal q _k in the x-th position.

第二方面，提供一种基于多目标遗传的译码装置，当M个用户利用N个子载波传输数据，且一个子载波上承载多个用户的信号，一个用户的信号在多个子载波上传输，该装置包括：In a second aspect, a decoding apparatus based on multi-objective inheritance is provided. When M users transmit data by using N subcarriers, and one subcarrier carries signals of multiple users, a user's signal is transmitted on multiple subcarriers. The device includes:

接收单元，用于接收***参数，并将***参数中由所述M个用户形成的第一用户序列，作为构成遗传种群中染色体；其中，所述第一用户序列中的任一元素v_i与任一用户的一个星座点对应，不同的星座点组合形成不同的用户序列；a receiving unit, configured to receive a system parameter, and use a first user sequence formed by the M users in the system parameter as a chromosome constituting the genetic population; wherein any element v _i in the first user sequence is A constellation point corresponding to any user, and different constellation points are combined to form different user sequences;

迭代单元，用于检测迭代次数是否等于1，如果是，基于所述第一用户序列随机生成种群大小为L的初始种群，将所述初始种群作为当前迭代操作的当前种群，否则，利用前一次迭代操作输出的最优译码序列更新后的种群作为当前迭代操作的当前种群；An iteration unit, configured to detect whether the number of iterations is equal to 1, if yes, randomly generate an initial population with a population size L based on the first user sequence, and use the initial population as a current population of current iteration operations; otherwise, use the previous time The updated population of the optimal decoding sequence output by the iterative operation is used as the current population of the current iterative operation;

初步搜索单元，用于利用多目标遗传算法GA对所述当前种群中的用户序列进行搜索，输出搜索到的多个第二用户序列对应的多个第一星座点信息；其中，所述第二用户序列与每个子载波对应，第二用户序列中的任一元素v_ni与对应的子载波所连接的任一用户的一个星座点对应；a preliminary search unit, configured to search a user sequence in the current population by using a multi-objective genetic algorithm GA, and output a plurality of first constellation point information corresponding to the plurality of searched second user sequences; wherein, the second The user sequence corresponds to each subcarrier, and any element v _ni in the second user sequence corresponds to a constellation point of any user to which the corresponding subcarrier is connected;

补充单元，用于根据所述多个第一星座点信息确定第二星座点信息，其中，所述第二星座点信息是与子载波对应的没有搜索到星座点信息的第二用户序列的星座点信息；a supplementing unit, configured to determine second constellation point information according to the plurality of first constellation point information, where the second constellation point information is a constellation of a second user sequence that does not search for constellation point information corresponding to the subcarrier Point information

最优序列确定单元，用于根据所述第一星座点信息、第二星座点信息确定每个用户信号的码本中每个码字的概率，并根据每个码字的概率得到当前最优译码序列；An optimal sequence determining unit, configured to determine, according to the first constellation point information and the second constellation point information, a probability of each codeword in a codebook of each user signal, and obtain a current optimal according to a probability of each codeword Decoding sequence

判断单元，用于检测迭代次数是否小于预设的迭代最大次数，如果是，将所述当前最优译码序列作为所述当前种群的一个染色体，更新所述当前种群；否则，利用所述当前最优译码序列进行译码。a determining unit, configured to detect whether the number of iterations is less than a preset maximum number of iterations, and if yes, updating the current population by using the current optimal decoding sequence as one chromosome of the current population; otherwise, using the current The optimal decoding sequence is decoded.

结合第一方面，在第一种可能的实现方式中，所述最优序列确定单元包括：With reference to the first aspect, in a first possible implementation, the optimal sequence determining unit includes:

概率信息确定模块，用于根据所述第一星座点信息、第二星座点信息以及用户对应每个子载波的第一概率信息，生成子载波对应每个用户的第二概率信息，根据所述第二概率信息更新每个用户对应的第一概率信息；a probability information determining module, configured to generate second probability information corresponding to each user of the subcarrier according to the first constellation point information, the second constellation point information, and the first probability information of the user corresponding to each subcarrier, according to the first The second probability information updates the first probability information corresponding to each user;

计算模块，用于根据所述生成的第二概率信息，计算用户对应的码本中每个码字的概率，根据所述每个码字的概率，计算每个用户对应的码本中每个码字对应的对数似然比LLR，根据所述LLR确定译码每个用户的传输信号的星座点符号得到当前最优译码序列。a calculation module, configured to calculate a probability of each codeword in the codebook corresponding to the user according to the generated second probability information, and calculate each codebook corresponding to each user according to the probability of each codeword The log likelihood ratio LLR corresponding to the codeword is determined according to the LLR to determine a constellation point symbol of each user's transmission signal to obtain a current optimal decoding sequence.

结合第一方面，或者第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式中的任意一种，在第二种可能的实现方式中，补充单元根据所述多个第一星座点信息确定第二星座点信息具体包括：获取所述多个第一星座点信息的均值，并将所述均值作为所述第二星座点信息。With reference to the first aspect, or any one of the first possible implementation manners of the first aspect, in a second possible implementation, the supplementary unit determines the second constellation point according to the multiple first constellation point information The information specifically includes: acquiring an average value of the plurality of first constellation point information, and using the average value as the second constellation point information.

结合第一方面，或者第一方面的第一至二种可能的实现方式中的任意一种，在第三种可能的实现方式中，所述初步搜索单元包括：Combining the first aspect, or any one of the first to second possible implementations of the first aspect In a third possible implementation manner, the preliminary searching unit includes:

适应度函数计算模块，用于计算所述当前种群中每个第一用户序列对应的适应度函数，所述适应度函数为单目标函数之和，所述单目标函数与子载波对应，且所述单目标函数是每个子载波上连接的多个用户之间的欧氏距离；An fitness function calculation module, configured to calculate a fitness function corresponding to each first user sequence in the current population, the fitness function is a sum of single objective functions, and the single objective function corresponds to a subcarrier, and The single objective function is the Euclidean distance between multiple users connected on each subcarrier;

比较模块，用于比较多个第一用户序列对应的适应度函数，根据比较结果和预设的选择准则从所述多个第一用户序列中选择产生子代的父代染色体个体；a comparison module, configured to compare a fitness function corresponding to the plurality of first user sequences, and select, from the plurality of first user sequences, a parent chromosome individual that generates the child according to the comparison result and the preset selection criterion;

子代个体生成模块，用于对选择的父代染色体个体分组，以***参数中的遗传过程中交叉概率P_C对分组后的父代染色体个体进行线***叉产生子代染色体个体；a child generation module for grouping the selected parent chromosomes, and linearly intersecting the grouped parent chromosome individuals with the crossover probability P _C in the genetic parameter in the system parameter to generate the child chromosome individual;

输出模块，用于对所述子代染色体个体以变异概率P_M进行变异形成新的染色体个体，利用所述新的染色体个体形成新的父代种群，检测当前遗传代数是否等于***参数中的最大遗传代数，如果是，则将所述新的父代种群作为当前种群计算适应度函数；当遗传代数等于所述最大遗传代数时，结束遗传搜索，输出所述单目标函数值作为搜索到的多个第二用户序列对应的多个第一星座点信息。An output module, configured to mutate a mutation probability probability P _M to form a new chromosome individual, and use the new chromosome individual to form a new parent population, and detect whether the current genetic algebra is equal to a maximum of the system parameters Genetic algebra, if yes, calculating the fitness function as the current population as the current population; when the genetic algebra is equal to the maximum genetic algebra, ending the genetic search, and outputting the single objective function value as the searched A plurality of first constellation point information corresponding to the second user sequence.

结合第一方面的第三种可能的实现方式，在第四种可能的实现方式中，当接收端有两根接收天线，且有三个用户时，所述适应度函数计算模块利用的所述单目标函数F(y_n,C_FN,n,H_n)为：With reference to the third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a fourth possible implementation manner, when the receiving end has two receiving antennas and three users, the fitness function computing module utilizes the single The objective function F(y _n , C _FN,n ,H _n ) is:

结合第一方面的第一至三种可能的实现方式，在第五种可能的实现方式中，当一个子载波上对应承载三个用户的信号，每个子载波对应的三个用户分别为目标用户、第一关联用户和第二关联用户；一个用户的信号在两个目标子载波上传输；所述概率信息确定模块根据以下公式确定所述第二概率信息：With reference to the first to third possible implementation manners of the first aspect, in a fifth possible implementation manner, when one subcarrier corresponds to a signal carrying three users, the three users corresponding to each subcarrier are respectively target users. a first associated user and a second associated user; a user's signal is transmitted on two target subcarriers; and the probability information determining module determines the second probability information according to the following formula:

其中，

结合第一方面的第五种可能的实现方式，在第六种可能的实现方式中，当待更新的用户为目标用户，所述概率信息确定模块根据所述第二概率信息更新每个用户对应的第一概率信息包括： With reference to the fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a sixth possible implementation manner, when the user to be updated is the target user, the probability information determining module updates each user corresponding according to the second probability information. The first probability information includes:

根据所述关联子载波，基于以下公式，对所述目标用户信号的码本中的每个码字的概率进行更新：And according to the associated subcarrier, updating a probability of each codeword in the codebook of the target user signal based on the following formula:

其中，

结合第一方面的第五种可能的实现方式，在第七种可能的实现方式中，所述计算模块根据所述生成的第二概率信息，计算用户对应的码本中每个码字的概率包括：With reference to the fifth possible implementation manner of the foregoing aspect, in a seventh possible implementation, the calculating, by using the generated second probability information, the probability of each codeword in the codebook corresponding to the user is calculated. include:

结合第一方面的第七种可能的实现方式，在第八种可能的实现方式中，所述计算模块计算每个用户对应的码本中每个码字对应的对数似然比LLR包括：With reference to the seventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in the eighth possible implementation, the calculating, by the calculating module, the log likelihood ratio LLR corresponding to each codeword in the codebook corresponding to each user includes:

本发明提供的方案通过引入基于遗传算法的搜索算法，实现对多用户最优用户序列星座点的快速搜索，无需对所有用户序列星座点进行遍历，因此可以降低MPA译码算法的复杂度，同时可实现在译码性能和接收机复杂度之间的平衡调节。The solution provided by the invention realizes fast search of multi-user optimal user sequence constellation points by introducing a genetic algorithm-based search algorithm, and does not need to traverse all user sequence constellation points, thereby reducing the complexity of the MPA decoding algorithm. Balance adjustment between decoding performance and receiver complexity can be achieved.

附图说明 DRAWINGS

图1为本发明实施例提供的一种基于多目标遗传的译码方法的流程示意图；1 is a schematic flowchart of a multi-objective genetic based decoding method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图2为本发明实施例提供的搜索用户序列的方法流程示意图；2 is a schematic flowchart of a method for searching a user sequence according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图3为本发明实施例提供的一种基于多目标遗传的译码装置的结构示意图；3 is a schematic structural diagram of a decoding apparatus based on multi-objective inheritance according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图4为本发明实施例提供的一种译码装置的结构示意图。FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a decoding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

具体实施方式detailed description

为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is a partial embodiment of the invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts are within the scope of the present invention.

下面结合说明书附图对本发明实施例作进一步详细描述。The embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

如图1所示，一种基于多目标遗传的译码方法，当M个用户利用N个子载波传输数据，且一个子载波上承载多个用户的信号，一个用户的信号在多个子载波上传输，该方法包括：As shown in FIG. 1 , a multi-objective genetic based decoding method, when M users transmit data by using N subcarriers, and one subcarrier carries signals of multiple users, and one user's signal is transmitted on multiple subcarriers. , the method includes:

步骤101，接收***参数，并将***参数中由所述M个用户形成的第一用户序列，作为构成遗传种群中染色体；其中，所述第一用户序列中的任一元素v_i与任一用户的一个星座点对应，不同的星座点组合形成不同的用户序列；Step 101: Receive system parameters, and use a first user sequence formed by the M users in the system parameter as a chromosome constituting the genetic population; wherein any element in the first user sequence v _i and any A constellation point of the user corresponds, and different constellation points combine to form different user sequences;

在具体应用中，每个用户可以对应多个星座点，所以多个用户按照一定的规则组成一个序列(例如本发明实施例中的用户序列)的时候，只要序列的任一用户调整对应的星座点，则会形成不同的用户序列(即每个用户的调制星座点作为染色体的基因，不同的基因对应形成不同的染色体)。例如：有三个用户a，b和c，每个用户都对应三个星座点1、2和3，则可以形成的用户序列包括：如果用户a、b和c都选择星座点1，则形成序列一C1＝[v_a1 v_b1 v_c1]，如果用户a对应的星座点调整，选择星座点2和3分别形成序列二和三，序列二C2＝[v_a2 v_b1 v_c1]，序列三C3＝[v_a3 v_b1 v_c1]……。从序列一、二和三可以看出用户选择不同的星座点就会对应不同的用户序列。In a specific application, each user can correspond to multiple constellation points, so when multiple users form a sequence according to certain rules (for example, the user sequence in the embodiment of the present invention), any user of the sequence adjusts the corresponding constellation. Points, different user sequences are formed (ie, each user's modulation constellation points are used as chromosome genes, and different genes correspond to different chromosomes). For example, if there are three users a, b and c, each user corresponds to three constellation points 1, 2 and 3, then the user sequence that can be formed includes: if users a, b and c both select constellation point 1, then form a sequence A C1=[v _a1 v _b1 v _c1 ], if the constellation point corresponding to user a is adjusted, select constellation points 2 and 3 respectively form sequence two and three, sequence two C2=[v _a2 v _b1 v _c1 ], sequence three C3 =[v _a3 v _b1 v _c1 ]...... It can be seen from the sequence one, two and three that the user selects different constellation points and corresponds to different user sequences.

步骤102，检测迭代次数是否等于1，如果是，基于所述第一用户序列随机生成种群大小为L的初始种群，将所述初始种群作为当前迭代操作的当前种群，否则，利用前一次迭代操作输出的最优译码序列更新后的种群作为当前迭代操作的当前种群；Step 102: Detect whether the number of iterations is equal to 1. If yes, randomly generate an initial population with a population size L based on the first user sequence, and use the initial population as the current population of the current iteration operation. Otherwise, use the previous iteration operation. The updated population of the optimal decoded sequence is output as the current population of the current iterative operation;

在该步骤中所使用的最优译码序列是步骤106中输出的最优译码序列。The optimal coding sequence used in this step is the optimal coding sequence output in step 106.

步骤103，利用多目标遗传算法GA对所述当前种群中的用户序列进行搜索，输出搜索到的多个第二用户序列对应的多个第一星座点信息；其中，所述第二用户序列与每个子载波对应，第二用户序列中的任一元素v_ni与对应的子载波所连接的任一用户的一个星座点对应；Step 103: Searching for a user sequence in the current population by using a multi-objective genetic algorithm GA, and outputting a plurality of first constellation point information corresponding to the plurality of searched second user sequences; wherein, the second user sequence and Corresponding to each subcarrier, any element v _ni in the second user sequence corresponds to a constellation point of any user to which the corresponding subcarrier is connected;

该本发明实施例中，因为一个子载波上承载多个用户的信号，且一个用户的信号在多个子载波上传输，所以以子载波为单位，每个子载波对应的用户作为第二用户序列的元素可以形成对应的多个不同的第二用户序列。In this embodiment of the present invention, since a signal of multiple users is carried on one subcarrier, and a signal of one user is transmitted on multiple subcarriers, the user corresponding to each subcarrier is used as a sequence of the second user in units of subcarriers. The elements may form a corresponding plurality of different second user sequences.

然后利用多目标遗传算法GA对第二用户序列的星座点信息进行搜索，得到第一星座点信息。Then, the multi-objective genetic algorithm GA is used to search the constellation point information of the second user sequence to obtain the first constellation point information.

步骤104，根据所述多个第一星座点信息确定第二星座点信息，其中，所述第二星座点信息是与子载波对应的没有搜索到星座点信息的第二用户序列的星座点信息；Step 104: Determine second constellation point information according to the plurality of first constellation point information, where the second constellation point information is constellation point information of a second user sequence that does not search for constellation point information corresponding to the subcarrier. ;

在遗传搜索中，由于对种群C＝[v₁ v₂ … v_M]的搜索没有遍历所有可能的星座点组合，所以同一个载波对应的用户构成的用户序列C_FN,n＝[v_n1 v_n2 ..... v_n，df]在进行搜索时也没有完全遍历，因而第一星座点信息F(y_n,C_FN,n,H_n)对于C_FN,n序列而言，并没有完全包括C_FN,n所对应的星座点组合，所以在本发明实施例中，可以利用已经搜索到的第一星座点信息对C_FN,n未搜索到的第二用户序列的第二星座点信息进行估计。In the genetic search, since the search for the population C=[v ₁ v ₂ ... v _M ] does not traverse all possible constellation point combinations, the user sequence corresponding to the user of the same carrier C _FN,n =[v _n1 v _N2 ..... v _n,df ] is not completely traversed when searching, so the first constellation point information F(y _n , C _FN,n ,H _n ) is not for the C _FN,n sequence The constellation point combination corresponding to C _FN,n is completely included, so in the embodiment of the present invention, the second constellation point of the second user sequence that is not searched by C _FN,n may be utilized by the first constellation point information that has been searched. Information is estimated.

在本发明实施例中，利用第一星座点信息对第二星座点信息进行估计的具体实现可以通过多种方式实现：In the embodiment of the present invention, the specific implementation of estimating the second constellation point information by using the first constellation point information may be implemented in multiple manners:

为了降低运算量和提高信息传递译码准确性，可以利用第一星座点信息的均值最为第二星座点信息，具体为：获取所述多个第一星座点信息的均值，并将所述均值作为所述第二星座点信息。In order to reduce the amount of calculation and improve the information transmission decoding accuracy, the mean value of the first constellation point information may be the most second constellation point information, specifically: obtaining the mean value of the plurality of first constellation point information, and the mean value As the second constellation point information.

在具体的应用环境中，利用第一星座点信息得到第二星座点信息的方式包括多种，可以是通过一个预设的运算规则得到第二星座点信息；另外也可以利用相似用户序列的星座点信息进行填充。In a specific application environment, the method for obtaining the second constellation point information by using the first constellation point information includes multiple types, and the second constellation point information may be obtained by using a preset operation rule; and the constellation of the similar user sequence may also be utilized. Point information to fill.

步骤105，根据所述第一星座点信息、第二星座点信息确定每个用户信号的码本中每个码字的概率，并根据每个码字的概率得到当前最优译码序列；Step 105: Determine, according to the first constellation point information and the second constellation point information, a probability of each codeword in a codebook of each user signal, and obtain a current optimal decoding sequence according to a probability of each codeword.

在具体的使用环境中，可以通过以下具体实现方式得到所述最优译码序列：In a specific use environment, the optimal decoding sequence can be obtained by the following specific implementation:

步骤106，检测迭代次数是否小于预设的迭代最大次数，如果是，将所述当前最优译码序列作为所述当前种群的一个染色体，更新所述当前种群；否则，利用所述当前最优译码序列进行译码。Step 106: Detect whether the number of iterations is less than a preset maximum number of iterations. If yes, update the current population by using the current optimal decoding sequence as a chromosome of the current population; otherwise, using the current optimal The decoding sequence is decoded.

本发明实施例提供的方案通过引入基于遗传算法的搜索算法，实现对多用户最优用户序列星座点的快速搜索，无需对所有用户序列星座点进行遍历，因此可以降低MPA译码算法的复杂度，同时可实现在译码性能和接收机复杂度之间的平衡调节。The scheme provided by the embodiment of the present invention implements a fast search for a multi-user optimal user sequence constellation point by introducing a genetic algorithm-based search algorithm, and does not need to traverse all user sequence constellation points, thereby reducing the complexity of the MPA decoding algorithm. Simultaneously achieves decoding performance and receiver complexity Balance adjustment between degrees.

如图2所示，上述实施例步骤103，利用多目标遗传算法GA对所述当前种群中的用户序列进行搜索，输出搜索到的多个第二用户序列对应的多个第一星座点信息，具体实现包括：As shown in FIG. 2, step 103 of the foregoing embodiment searches a user sequence in the current population by using a multi-objective genetic algorithm GA, and outputs a plurality of first constellation point information corresponding to the plurality of searched second user sequences. Specific implementations include:

在本发明实施例中，M个用户利用N个子载波传输数据，根据复杂度的要求，可以预先设置遗传搜索过程中的变异条件和终止条件，变异条件指遗传过程中交叉概率P_C，变异概率P_M，终止条件指遗传搜索结束条件中的最大遗传代数G_max。In the embodiment of the present invention, M users transmit data by using N subcarriers, and according to the complexity requirement, the mutation condition and the termination condition in the genetic search process may be preset, and the mutation condition refers to the cross probability P _{C in the} genetic process, the mutation probability. P _M , termination condition refers to the maximum genetic algebra G _max in the genetic search end condition.

步骤201，计算所述当前种群中每个第一用户序列对应的适应度函数，所述适应度函数为单目标函数之和，所述单目标函数与子载波对应，且所述单目标函数是每个子载波上连接的多个用户之间的欧氏距离；Step 201: Calculate a fitness function corresponding to each first user sequence in the current population, where the fitness function is a sum of single objective functions, the single objective function corresponds to a subcarrier, and the single objective function is The Euclidean distance between multiple users connected on each subcarrier;

根据***参数定义适应度函数为

在本发明实施例中，当接收端有两根接收天线，且每个子载波上承载三个用户，则所述单目标函数F(y_n,C_FN,n,H_n)的定义可以是：The fitness function is defined according to the system parameters.

In the embodiment of the present invention, when the receiving end has two receiving antennas, and each user carries three users, the definition of the single objective function F(y _n , C _{FN, n} , H _n ) may be:

F(y_n，C_FN,n，H_n)＝f(y_n，α，β，i，N_o，n，H_n)F(y _n , C _FN,n ,H _n )=f(y _n ,α,β,i,N _o,n ,H _n )

其中，y_n为每个子载波上接收到的信号，y_n,r1为接收端在第n个子载波和第r1跟接收天线上收到的信号。H_n为每个子载波上连接的用户(该用户是，会用到同一子载波传输信号的用户)对应的信道估计矩阵，即h_n,k,r1为用户k在第n个子载波和第r1跟接收天线对应的上行信道。C_FN,n＝[v_n1 v_n2 ..... v_n，df]为每个子载波对应的用户的用户序列，这里分别对应公式中的a、b和k用户，即C_k(i)为用户k的稀疏编码多址接入(Sparse Coding Multiple Access，SCMA)码本中的第i个码字，N_o,n,r1为第n个子载波和第r1跟接收天线上的噪声。Where y _n is the signal received on each subcarrier, and y _{n, r1} is the signal received by the receiving end on the nth subcarrier and the r1 and the receiving antenna. H _n is the channel estimation matrix corresponding to the user connected to each subcarrier (the user is the user who uses the same subcarrier to transmit signals), that is, h _{n,k, r1} is the user k in the nth subcarrier and the r1 The upstream channel corresponding to the receiving antenna. C _FN,n =[v _n1 v _n2 ..... v _n,df ] is the user sequence of the user corresponding to each subcarrier, where the corresponding a, b and k users in the formula, ie C _k (i) The i-th codeword in the Sparse Coding Multiple Access (SCMA) codebook of user k, N _{o, n, r1} is the noise on the nth subcarrier and the r1 and the receiving antenna.

由于噪声服从高斯分布，所以在该实施例中有：

因此在GA快速搜索时，将上述表达式中的噪声功率去掉，因此上述表达式定义为：Since the noise obeys a Gaussian distribution, in this embodiment there are:

Therefore, in the GA fast search, the noise power in the above expression is removed, so the above expression is defined as:

F(y_n，C_FN,n，H_n)＝f(y_n，α，β，i，H_n)F(y _n , C _FN,n ,H _n )=f(y _n ,α,β,i,H _n )

＝||(y_n，r1-(h_n，a，r1C_a(α)+h_n，b，r1C_b(β)+h_n，b，r1C_k(i))||² =||(y _n,r1 -(h _n,a,r1 C _a (α)+h _n,b,r1 C _b (β)+h _n,b,r1 C _k (i))|| ²

+||(y_n，r2-(h_n，a，r2C_a(α)+h_n，b，r2C_b(β)+h_n，b，r2C_k(i))||² +||(y _n,r2 -(h _n,a,r2 C _a (α)+h _n,b,r2 C _b (β)+h _n,b,r2 C _k (i))|| ²

在本发明实施例中，适应度函数决定GA快速搜索收敛性，以多目标函数定义，目标函数是为了衡量星座点的优劣，可以采用欧氏距离，但不仅限于欧氏距离。In the embodiment of the present invention, the fitness function determines the fast search convergence of the GA, and is defined by a multi-objective function. The objective function is to measure the pros and cons of the constellation point, and the Euclidean distance can be used, but not limited to the Euclidean distance.

步骤202，比较多个第一用户序列对应的适应度函数，根据比较结果和预设的选择准则从所述多个第一用户序列中选择产生子代的父代染色体个体；Step 202: Compare a fitness function corresponding to the plurality of first user sequences, and select, according to the comparison result and the preset selection criterion, a parent chromosome individual that generates the child from the plurality of first user sequences;

因为不同的基因组合会形成通过的染色体，所以M个用户可以形成多个染色体，通过步骤201所给出的适应度函数公式则可以形成多个与多个染色体对应的适应度函数。因为目标函数能衡量星座点的优劣，所以通过比较染色体的适应度函数就可以确定比较优化的染色体，将比较优化的染色体作为父代染色体个体。Since different gene combinations form a passing chromosome, M users can form a plurality of chromosomes, and a fitness function corresponding to a plurality of chromosomes can be formed by the fitness function formula given in step 201. Because the objective function can measure the pros and cons of the constellation points, the chromosomes can be determined by comparing the fitness functions of the chromosomes, and the more optimized chromosomes are used as the parent chromosomes.

步骤203，对选择的父代染色体个体分组，以***参数中的遗传过程中交叉概率P_C对分组后的父代染色体个体进行线***叉产生子代染色体个体； Step 203, grouping the selected parent chromosome individuals, and linearly intersecting the grouped parent chromosome individuals with the crossover probability P _C in the genetic parameter in the system parameter to generate the child chromosome individual;

步骤204，对所述子代染色体个体以变异概率P_M进行变异形成新的染色体个体，利用所述新的染色体个体形成新的父代种群；Step 204: mutating the progeny chromosome individuals with a mutation probability P _M to form a new chromosome individual, and forming a new parent population by using the new chromosome individual;

步骤205，检测当前遗传代数是否等于***参数中的最大遗传代数G_max，如果是，则返回到步骤201将所述新的父代种群作为当前种群计算适应度函数；当遗传代数等于所述最大遗传代数时，结束遗传搜索，输出所述单目标函数值作为搜索到的多个第二用户序列对应的多个第一星座点信息。Step 205: Detect whether the current genetic algebra is equal to the maximum genetic algebra G _max in the system parameter, and if yes, return to step 201 to calculate the fitness function as the current population as the current population; when the genetic algebra is equal to the maximum In the case of genetic algebra, the genetic search is ended, and the single objective function value is output as a plurality of first constellation point information corresponding to the searched plurality of second user sequences.

遗传算法作为多用户检测方案，其搜索路径的覆盖性好，对于近似最优解的覆盖比例高，能够大大增加搜索到最优解的概率，实现近似最大似然解码的***性能，而算法的复杂度远小于最大似然解码。As a multi-user detection scheme, the genetic algorithm has good coverage of the search path and high coverage ratio for the approximate optimal solution, which can greatly increase the probability of searching for the optimal solution and realize the system performance of approximate maximum likelihood decoding. The complexity is much smaller than the maximum likelihood decoding.

另外，因为本发明实施例步骤105中第二概率信息是基于多用户和多载波的环境形成的，所以所述第二概率信息的计算需要基于用户数量、载波数量以及用户与载波之间的对应关系，为了更清楚详细的说明本发明实施例步骤105中所述第二概率信息的计算、第二概率信息更新第一概率信息的过程，以下通过具体的举例进行说明：In addition, because the second probability information in step 105 of the embodiment of the present invention is formed based on a multi-user and multi-carrier environment, the calculation of the second probability information needs to be based on the number of users, the number of carriers, and the correspondence between the user and the carrier. For the sake of clearer and detailed description, the process of calculating the second probability information and the process of updating the first probability information in the second probability information in step 105 of the embodiment of the present invention are described in the following specific examples:

当一个子载波上对应承载三个用户的信号，即每个子载波对应的三个用户分别为目标用户、第一关联用户和第二关联用户；一个用户的信号在两个目标子载波上传输；When a subcarrier carries a signal corresponding to three users, that is, three users corresponding to each subcarrier are a target user, a first associated user, and a second associated user respectively; a user's signal is transmitted on two target subcarriers;

a、所述根据所述第一星座点信息、第二星座点信息以及用户对应每个子载波的第一概率信息，生成子载波对应每个用户的第二概率信息，包括：a, according to the first constellation point information, the second constellation point information, and the first probability information of the user corresponding to each subcarrier, generating second probability information of the subcarrier corresponding to each user, including:

其中，

上述确定第二概率信息的公式中，子载波根据(与之相连的)用户传递来的第一概率信息以及所述第一星座点信息和第二星座点信息，对每个相连的用户分别统计各码字的概率，并将概率消息传递给对应的用户。In the above formula for determining the second probability information, the subcarriers are respectively counted according to the first probability information transmitted by the user (connected thereto) and the first constellation point information and the second constellation point information, respectively, for each connected user. The probability of each codeword and the probability message is delivered to the corresponding user.

上述公式中说明的是三个用户与两个子载波对应的情况，在具体的应用中子载波的数量、用户数量以及子载波与用户对应关系都可能会发生变化，但是在计算所述第二概率时，所述遵循的原则是与上述公式所公开的内容一致的，只是在子载波数量、用户数量以及子载波与用户对应关系变化时候，上述确定第二概率信息的参数会有所变化而已，其整个公式的组成原则不变。The above formula describes the case where three users correspond to two subcarriers. In a specific application, the number of subcarriers, the number of users, and the correspondence between subcarriers and users may change, but the second probability is calculated. The principle of the following is consistent with the content disclosed in the above formula, except that when the number of subcarriers, the number of users, and the correspondence between subcarriers and users change, the parameters for determining the second probability information may change. The composition principle of the entire formula remains unchanged.

b、因为子载波对应每个用户的概率，通过上述第二概率信息的公式确定第二概率之后，还要基于这个第二概率信息更新用户对应每个子载波的第一概率信息，所以根据所述第二概率信息更新每个用户对应的第一概率信息包括：b. After determining the second probability by the formula of the second probability information, the first probability information corresponding to each subcarrier of the user is further updated based on the second probability information, so according to the probability Updating the first probability information corresponding to each user by the second probability information includes:

从承载于所述两个目标子载波中的第一目标子载波的两个关联用户信号中，确定目标用户信号(在本发明实施例中以目标用户为例，在具体的应用中这个用户信号可以是三个用户中任一用户的信号)；Determining a target user signal from two associated user signals carried in a first target subcarrier of the two target subcarriers (in the embodiment of the present invention, the target user is used as an example, the user signal is used in a specific application. Can be the signal of any of the three users);

根据所述关联子载波，基于以下公式(更新公式)，对所述目标用户信号的码本中的每个码字的概率进行更新：And according to the associated subcarrier, the probability of each codeword in the codebook of the target user signal is updated based on the following formula (update formula):

其中，

C _n represents the probability that subcarriers for the user code of the target present signal q _k of the i-th codeword the target subcarriers two first target, n represents the first target of the subcarriers a sequence number in the N subcarriers, k represents a sequence number of the target user signal q _k in the M user signals, and i represents a code word number in the codebook of the target user signal q _k , W(k) Representing a set of sequence numbers of the associated subcarriers in the N subcarriers, n represents the associated subcarrier c _{! n the number} in the N subcarriers,

上述更新公式中，每个用户根据与之相连的子载波传递来的第二概率信息，统计每个码字的第一概率信息，并将重新计算后的第一概率信息传递给对应的子载波。在该实施例中，每个用户连接d_v＝2个子载波，迭代过程中，用户需要同时更新相连的2个子载波的概率信息。In the above update formula, each user calculates the first probability information of each codeword according to the second probability information transmitted by the subcarrier connected thereto, and transmits the recalculated first probability information to the corresponding subcarrier. . In this embodiment, each user connects d _v = 2 subcarriers, and during the iteration, the user needs to simultaneously update the probability information of the connected 2 subcarriers.

进一步，为了获取最优译码序列(即是用户序列的星座点估计值)，在步骤105生成第二概率信息后，通过这个第二概率信息确定用户对应的码本中每个码字的概率。其中，根据所述生成的第二概率信息，计算用户对应的码本中每个码字的概率包括：Further, in order to obtain an optimal decoding sequence (that is, a constellation point estimation value of the user sequence), after generating the second probability information in step 105, determining the probability of each codeword in the codebook corresponding to the user by using the second probability information. . The calculating, according to the generated second probability information, the probability of each codeword in the codebook corresponding to the user includes:

当所述用户为目标用户(以下公式的描述是以目标用户为例，但不仅限于目标用户的实现，在具体应用中子载波连接的任一用户的计算方式和以下执行方式相同)，根据以下公式确定所述目标用户信号q_k的码本中每个码字的概率

When the user is the target user (the description of the following formula is based on the target user, but not limited to the implementation of the target user, the calculation mode of any user connected to the subcarrier in the specific application is the same as the following execution manner), according to the following determining the probability formula codebook signal of the target user in each of the q _k code words

进一步，当所述用户为所述目标用户，且所述目标用户信号q_k在所述M 个用户信号中的序号为k，在实现用户每个码字概率的计算后，可以计算每个用户对应的码本中每个码字对应的对数似然比(Long-likelihood ratio，LLR)，具体包括：Further, when the user is the target user, and the sequence number of the target user signal q _k in the M user signals is k, after calculating the probability of each codeword of the user, each user may be calculated. The log-likelihood ratio (LLR) corresponding to each codeword in the corresponding codebook includes:

以下将本方案同原有方案的译码性能比较，进一步说明本发明方案的有益效果：The following compares the decoding performance of the solution with the original solution, and further illustrates the beneficial effects of the solution of the present invention:

Iter表示算法迭代次数N_iter，Iter＝3表示迭代次数为N_iter＝3；Iter represents the number of iterations of the algorithm N _iter , Iter=3 indicates that the number of iterations is N _iter =3;

在本方案中，多目标遗传搜索过程中，gen表示遗传代数G_max，size表示种群大小size＝40表示进行遗传搜索的种群中有40个染色体(即用户序列数目)；In the present scheme, in the multi-objective genetic search process, gen represents the genetic algebra G _max , and size indicates that the population size size=40 indicates that there are 40 chromosomes in the population for genetic search (ie, the number of user sequences);

当有4个子载波，6个用户信号时，本发明实施例所提供的方案能够实现同MPA近似的译码性能，同时对比译码过程中的搜索次数：When there are 4 subcarriers and 6 user signals, the solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention can achieve the decoding performance similar to that of the MPA, and compare the number of searches in the decoding process:

在GA快速搜索部分，种群最大染色体(用户信息序列)数目为： In the GA Quick Search section, the maximum number of population chromosomes (user information sequences) is:

MPA算法每个子载波资源块所需遍历的用户序列数目为：The number of user sequences that the MPA algorithm needs to traverse for each subcarrier resource block is:

N_MPA,FN＝(|C_modu|)^df＝4³＝64N _{MPA, FN} = (|C _modu |) ^df = 4 ³ = 64

而本方案中，多目标遗传快速搜索的等效用户序列数目为：In this scenario, the number of equivalent user sequences for multi-objective genetic fast search is:

其中，所述N_iter为译码的迭代次数；所述G_max为多目标GA快速搜索模块中的遗传代数；

Wherein the N _iter is the number of iterations of decoding; the G _max is a genetic algebra in the multi-target GA fast search module;

对每个子载波资源块上统计的用户序列数目为：The number of user sequences counted on each subcarrier resource block is:

N_FN，avg≈50<N_MPA,FN N _{FN, avg} ≈50<N _{MPA, FN}

可见：本发明实施例提供的方案在保证译码性能的同时能有效的减少运算量。It can be seen that the solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention can effectively reduce the amount of computation while ensuring the decoding performance.

如图3所示，本发明实施例还提供一种基于多目标遗传的译码装置300，当M个用户利用N个子载波传输数据，且一个子载波上承载多个用户的信号，一个用户的信号在多个子载波上传输，该装置包括：As shown in FIG. 3, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a multi-objective genetic-based decoding apparatus 300. When M users transmit data by using N sub-carriers, and one sub-carrier carries signals of multiple users, one user's The signal is transmitted on a plurality of subcarriers, the device comprising:

接收单元301，用于接收***参数，并将***参数中由所述M个用户形成的第一用户序列，作为构成遗传种群中染色体；其中，所述第一用户序列中的任一元素v_i与任一用户的一个星座点对应，不同的星座点组合形成不同的用户序列；The receiving unit 301 is configured to receive system parameters, and the first user sequence formed by the M users in the system parameter is used as a chromosome in the genetic population; wherein any element in the first user sequence v _i Corresponding to a constellation point of any user, different constellation points are combined to form different user sequences;

迭代单元302，用于检测迭代次数是否等于1，如果是，基于所述第一用户序列随机生成种群大小为L的初始种群，将所述初始种群作为当前迭代操作的当前种群，否则，利用前一次迭代操作输出的最优译码序列更新后的种群作为当前迭代操作的当前种群；An iteration unit 302, configured to detect whether the number of iterations is equal to 1, if yes, randomly generate an initial population with a population size L based on the first user sequence, and use the initial population as a current population of current iteration operations, otherwise, before use The updated population of the optimal decoding sequence outputted by one iteration operation is used as the current population of the current iterative operation;

初步搜索单元303，用于利用多目标遗传算法GA对所述当前种群中的用户序列进行搜索，输出搜索到的多个第二用户序列对应的多个第一星座点信息；其中，所述第二用户序列与每个子载波对应，第二用户序列中的任一元素v_ni与对应的子载波所连接的任一用户的一个星座点对应；The preliminary search unit 303 is configured to search a user sequence in the current population by using a multi-objective genetic algorithm GA, and output a plurality of first constellation point information corresponding to the searched plurality of second user sequences; The two user sequence corresponds to each subcarrier, and any element v _ni in the second user sequence corresponds to a constellation point of any user to which the corresponding subcarrier is connected;

补充单元304，用于根据所述多个第一星座点信息确定第二星座点信息，其中，所述第二星座点信息是与子载波对应的没有搜索到星座点信息的第二用户序列的星座点信息；a supplementing unit 304, configured to determine second constellation point information according to the plurality of first constellation point information, where the second constellation point information is a second user sequence that does not search for constellation point information corresponding to the subcarrier Constellation point information;

可选地，作为另一实施例，补充单元304根据所述多个第一星座点信息确定第二星座点信息具体包括：获取所述多个第一星座点信息的均值，并将所述均值作为所述第二星座点信息。Optionally, as another embodiment, the determining, by the supplementing unit 304, the second constellation point information according to the multiple first constellation point information includes: acquiring an average of the plurality of first constellation point information, and As the second constellation point information.

最优序列确定单元305，用于根据所述第一星座点信息、第二星座点信息确定每个用户信号的码本中每个码字的概率，并根据每个码字的概率得到当前最优译码序列；The optimal sequence determining unit 305 is configured to determine a probability of each codeword in the codebook of each user signal according to the first constellation point information and the second constellation point information, and obtain the current maximum according to the probability of each codeword. Excellent decoding sequence;

判断单元306，用于检测迭代次数是否小于预设的迭代最大次数，如果是，将所述当前最优译码序列作为所述当前种群的一个染色体，更新所述当前种群；否则，利用所述当前最优译码序列进行译码。The determining unit 306 is configured to detect whether the number of iterations is less than a preset maximum number of iterations, and if yes, update the current population by using the current optimal decoding sequence as one chromosome of the current population; The current optimal decoding sequence is decoded.

可选地，作为另一实施例，所述最优序列确定单元305可以包括：Optionally, as another embodiment, the optimal sequence determining unit 305 may include:

可选地，作为另一实施例，所述初步搜索单元包303括：Optionally, as another embodiment, the preliminary search unit package 303 includes:

比较模块，用于比较多个第一用户序列对应的适应度函数，根据比较结果和预设的选择准则从所述多个第一用户序列中选择产生子代的父代染色体个体；a comparison module, configured to compare fitness functions corresponding to the plurality of first user sequences, according to the comparison And a predetermined selection criterion for selecting a parent chromosome individual from the plurality of first user sequences to generate a child;

可选地，作为另一实施例，当接收端有两根接收天线，且有三个用户时，所述适应度函数计算模块利用的所述单目标函数F(y_n,C_FN,n,H_n)为：Optionally, as another embodiment, when the receiving end has two receiving antennas and there are three users, the single objective function F(y _n , C _{FN, n} , H used by the fitness function computing module is used. _n ) is:

其中，y_n为每个子载波上接收到的信号，则y_n,r1为接收端在第n个子载波和第r1根接收天线上收到的信号；H_n为每个子载波上连接的用户对应的信道估计矩阵，则h_n,k,r1为用户k在第n个子载波和第r1跟接收天线对应的上行信道；C_FN,n＝[v_n1 v_n2 ..... v_n，df]为每个子载波上对应的用户序列；C_k(i)为用户k的稀疏编码多址接入SCMA码本中的第i个码字，N_o,n,r1为第n个子载波和第r1跟接收天线上的噪声。Where y _n is the signal received on each subcarrier, then y _{n, r1} is the signal received by the receiving end on the nth subcarrier and the r1th receiving antenna; H _n is the user corresponding to the connection on each subcarrier The channel estimation matrix, then h _n,k,r1 is the uplink channel corresponding to the receiving antenna of user n at the nth subcarrier and r1; C _FN,n =[v _n1 v _n2 ..... v _n,df ] is the corresponding user sequence on each subcarrier; C _k (i) is the i th codeword in the sparse coded multiple access SCMA codebook of user k, and N _{o, n, r1} are the nth subcarrier and the first R1 and the noise on the receiving antenna.

可选地，作为另一实施例，当一个子载波上对应承载三个用户的信号，每个子载波对应的三个用户分别为目标用户、第一关联用户和第二关联用户；一个用户的信号在两个目标子载波上传输；所述概率信息确定模块根据以下公式确定所述第二概率信息：Optionally, as another embodiment, when one subcarrier corresponds to a signal carrying three users, three users corresponding to each subcarrier are a target user, a first associated user, and a second associated user, respectively; A user's signal is transmitted on two target subcarriers; the probability information determining module determines the second probability information according to the following formula:

其中，

可选地，作为另一实施例，当待更新的用户为目标用户，所述概率信息确定模块根据所述第二概率信息更新每个用户对应的第一概率信息包括：Optionally, as another embodiment, when the user to be updated is the target user, the probability information determining module updates the first probability information corresponding to each user according to the second probability information, including:

其中，

可选地，作为另一实施例，所述计算模块根据所述生成的第二概率信息，计算用户对应的码本中每个码字的概率包括：Optionally, as another embodiment, the calculation module calculates, according to the generated second probability information, a probability of each codeword in the codebook corresponding to the user, including:

可选地，作为另一实施例，所述计算模块计算每个用户对应的码本中每个码字对应的对数似然比LLR包括：Optionally, as another embodiment, the calculating module calculates a log likelihood ratio LLR corresponding to each codeword in the codebook corresponding to each user, including:

根据以下公式确定所述目标用户信号的码本中的第i个码字对应的调制符号中的每一位的比特值的LLR，以确定所述目标用户信号的码本中第i个码字对应的LLR：Determining an LLR of a bit value of each bit of the modulation symbol corresponding to the i-th codeword in the codebook of the target user signal according to the following formula to determine an i-th of the codebook of the target user signal The LLR corresponding to the codeword:

图4是根据本发明另一实施例的一种译码装置的示意性框图。图4的装置1100包括处理器401、存储器402、总线***403和收发器404。处理器401、存储器402和收发器404通过总线***403相连。FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of a decoding apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention. The apparatus 1100 of FIG. 4 includes a processor 401, a memory 402, a bus system 403, and a transceiver 404. Processor 401, memory 402 and transceiver 404 are coupled by a bus system 403.

具体地，收发器404用于通过N个子载波，接收M个用户信号，其中，一个用户信号承载于N个子载波中的至少两个子载波中，一个子载波承载M个用户信号中的至少两个用户信号，2≤N<M；处理器401用于通过总线***403调用存储在存储器402中的代码，接收***参数，并将***参数中由所述M个用户形成的第一用户序列，作为构成遗传种群中染色体；其中，所述第一用户序列中的任一元素v_i与任一用户的一个星座点对应，不同的星座点组合形成不同的用户序列；检测迭代次数是否等于1，如果是，基于所述第一用户序列随机生成种群大小为L的初始种群，将所述初始种群作为当前迭代操作的当前种群，否则，利用前一次迭代操作输出的最优译码序列更新后的种群作为当前迭代操作的当前种群；利用多目标遗传算法GA对所述当前种群中的用户序列进行搜索，输出搜索到的多个第二用户序列对应的多个第一星座点信息；其中，所述第二用户序列与每个子载波对应，第二用户序列中的任一元素v_ni与对应的子载波所连接的任一用户的一个星座点对应；根据所述多个第一星座点信息确定第二星座点信息，其中，所述第二星座点信息是与子载波对应的没有搜索到星座点信息的第二用户序列的星座点信息；根据所述第一星座点信息、第二星座点信息确定每个用户信号的码本中每个码字的概率，并根据每个码字的概率得到当前最优译码序列；检测迭代次数是否小于预设的迭代最大次数，如果是，将所述当前最优译码序列作为所述当前种群的一个染色体，更新所述当前种群；否则，利用所述当前最优译码序列进行译码。Specifically, the transceiver 404 is configured to receive M user signals by using N subcarriers, where one user signal is carried in at least two subcarriers of the N subcarriers, and one subcarrier carries at least two of the M user signals. User signal, 2≤N<M; the processor 401 is configured to call the code stored in the memory 402 through the bus system 403, receive the system parameters, and use the first user sequence formed by the M users in the system parameter as Forming a chromosome in the genetic population; wherein any element v _i in the first user sequence corresponds to a constellation point of any user, and different constellation points combine to form different user sequences; detecting whether the number of iterations is equal to 1 if The initial population of the population size L is randomly generated based on the first user sequence, and the initial population is used as the current population of the current iterative operation; otherwise, the updated population of the optimal decoding sequence outputted by the previous iterative operation is used. As the current population of the current iterative operation; using the multi-objective genetic algorithm GA to search the user sequence in the current population, and output a search And a plurality of first constellation point information corresponding to the plurality of second user sequences; wherein the second user sequence corresponds to each subcarrier, and any one of the second user sequences v _ni and the corresponding subcarrier Corresponding to a constellation point of any user connected; determining second constellation point information according to the plurality of first constellation point information, wherein the second constellation point information is a non-search constellation point information corresponding to the subcarrier Constellation point information of the second user sequence; determining a probability of each codeword in the codebook of each user signal according to the first constellation point information and the second constellation point information, and obtaining the current maximum according to the probability of each codeword An optimal decoding sequence; detecting whether the number of iterations is less than a preset maximum number of iterations, and if so, updating the current population by using the current optimal decoding sequence as a chromosome of the current population; otherwise, using the current The optimal decoding sequence is decoded.

因此，本发明实施例的方案通过引入基于遗传算法的搜索算法，实现对多用户最优用户序列星座点的快速搜索，无需对所有用户序列星座点进行遍历，因此可以降低MPA译码算法的复杂度，同时可实现在译码性能和接收机复杂度之间的平衡调节。Therefore, the solution of the embodiment of the present invention implements a fast search for a multi-user optimal user sequence constellation point by introducing a genetic algorithm-based search algorithm, and does not need to traverse all user sequence constellation points, thereby reducing the complexity of the MPA decoding algorithm. Degrees, while achieving a balance between decoding performance and receiver complexity.

上述本发明实施例揭示的方法可以应用于处理器401中，或者由处理器401实现。处理器401可能是一种集成电路芯片，具有信号的处理能力。在实现过程中，上述方法的各步骤可以通过处理器401中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。上述的处理器401可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Processor，DSP)、专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array，FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件。可以实现或者执行本发明实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。结合本发明实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件译码处理器执行完成，或者用译码处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)、闪存、只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的存储介质中。该存储介质位于存储器402，处理器401 读取存储器402中的信息，结合其硬件完成上述方法的步骤，该总线***403除包括数据总线之外，还可以包括电源总线、控制总线和状态信号总线等。但是为了清楚说明起见，在图中将各种总线都标为总线***403。The method disclosed in the foregoing embodiments of the present invention may be applied to the processor 401 or implemented by the processor 401. Processor 401 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In the implementation process, each step of the foregoing method may be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor 401 or an instruction in a form of software. The processor 401 may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or the like. Programmable logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components. The methods, steps, and logical block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention may be implemented or carried out. The general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor or any conventional processor or the like. The steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention may be directly implemented by the hardware decoding processor, or may be performed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software module can be located in a random access memory (RAM), a flash memory, a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read only memory or an electrically erasable programmable memory, a register, etc. In the storage medium. The storage medium is located in the memory 402, and the processor 401 The information in the memory 402 is read, and the steps of the above method are completed in combination with the hardware. The bus system 403 may include a power bus, a control bus, a status signal bus, and the like in addition to the data bus. However, for clarity of description, various buses are labeled as bus system 403 in the figure.

本申请实施例中的上述一个或多个技术方案，至少具有如下的技术效果：The above one or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects:

本发明实施例提供的方案通过引入基于遗传算法的搜索算法，实现对多用户最优用户序列星座点的快速搜索，无需对所有用户序列星座点进行遍历，因此可以降低MPA译码算法的复杂度，同时可实现在译码性能和接收机复杂度之间的平衡调节。The scheme provided by the embodiment of the present invention implements a fast search for a multi-user optimal user sequence constellation point by introducing a genetic algorithm-based search algorithm, and does not need to traverse all user sequence constellation points, thereby reducing the complexity of the MPA decoding algorithm. At the same time, balance adjustment between decoding performance and receiver complexity can be achieved.

另外，采用遗传搜索算法，对于每个子载波上的多个用户构成序列来说，只对其部分序列的f(.)函数进行计算，并且本发明实施例中通过取平均值的方法对其余部分序列的f(.)函数进行估计，同原有的MPA算法相比较，本方案减少了f(.)的计算量，提高信息传递译码准确性。In addition, by using the genetic search algorithm, for a plurality of user constituent sequences on each subcarrier, only the f(.) function of the partial sequence is calculated, and in the embodiment of the present invention, the remaining portion is obtained by averaging The f(.) function of the sequence is estimated. Compared with the original MPA algorithm, this scheme reduces the computational complexity of f(.) and improves the accuracy of information transfer decoding.

采用动态LLR映射的方式，将迭代的结果和遗传搜索的初始种群匹配，有效提高遗传模块的近似最优星座点覆盖率；使用复杂度可控的终止条件，能够动态的调整不同译码性能要求下的实现复杂度。Dynamic LLR mapping is used to match the results of the iteration with the initial population of the genetic search, effectively improving the approximate optimal constellation point coverage of the genetic module; using the controllable termination conditions to dynamically adjust different decoding performance requirements The implementation complexity underneath.

所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，仅以上述各功能模块的划分进行举例说明，实际应用中，可以根据需要而将上述功能分配由不同的功能模块完成，即将装置的内部结构划分成不同的功能模块，以完成以上描述的全部或者部分功能。上述描述的***，装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。It will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art that for the convenience and brevity of the description, only the division of each functional module described above is exemplified. In practical applications, the above function assignment can be completed by different functional modules as needed. The internal structure of the device is divided into different functional modules to perform all or part of the functions described above. For the specific working process of the system, the device and the unit described above, reference may be made to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and details are not described herein again.

在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的***，装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述模块或单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个***，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。 In the several embodiments provided by the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus, and method may be implemented in other manners. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of the modules or units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be another division manner, for example, multiple units or components may be used. Combinations can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.

所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.

另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional unit.

所述集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)或处理器(processor)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM，Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a standalone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application, in essence or the contribution to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium. A number of instructions are included to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) or a processor to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present application. The foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and the like. .

以上所述，以上实施例仅用以对本申请的技术方案进行了详细介绍，但以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想，不应理解为对本发明的限制。本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。 The above embodiments are only used to describe the technical solutions of the present application in detail, but the description of the above embodiments is only for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art will be able to devise variations or alternatives within the scope of the present invention within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

一种基于多目标遗传的译码方法，其特征在于，当M个用户利用N个子载波传输数据，且一个子载波上承载多个用户的信号，一个用户的信号在多个子载波上传输，该方法包括：A multi-objective genetic based decoding method, characterized in that, when M users transmit data by using N subcarriers, and one subcarrier carries signals of multiple users, one user's signal is transmitted on multiple subcarriers, Methods include:

接收***参数，并将***参数中由所述M个用户形成的第一用户序列，作为构成遗传种群中染色体；其中，所述第一用户序列中的任一元素v_i与任一用户的一个星座点对应，不同的星座点组合形成不同的用户序列；Receiving system parameters, and forming a first user sequence formed by the M users in the system parameter as a chromosome constituting the genetic population; wherein any element v _{i of} the first user sequence and one of the users Corresponding to constellation points, different constellation points combine to form different user sequences;

检测迭代次数是否等于1，如果是，基于所述第一用户序列随机生成种群大小为L的初始种群，将所述初始种群作为当前迭代操作的当前种群，否则，利用前一次迭代操作输出的最优译码序列更新后的种群作为当前迭代操作的当前种群；Detecting whether the number of iterations is equal to 1, if yes, randomly generating an initial population having a population size L based on the first user sequence, using the initial population as the current population of the current iteration operation, otherwise, using the output of the previous iteration operation The updated population of the optimal decoding sequence is used as the current population of the current iterative operation;

利用多目标遗传算法GA对所述当前种群中的用户序列进行搜索，输出搜索到的多个第二用户序列对应的多个第一星座点信息；其中，所述第二用户序列与每个子载波对应，第二用户序列中的任一元素v_ni与对应的子载波所连接的任一用户的一个星座点对应；Searching for a user sequence in the current population by using a multi-objective genetic algorithm GA, and outputting a plurality of first constellation point information corresponding to the plurality of searched second user sequences; wherein the second user sequence and each subcarrier Correspondingly, any element v _ni in the second user sequence corresponds to a constellation point of any user to which the corresponding subcarrier is connected;

根据所述多个第一星座点信息确定第二星座点信息，其中，所述第二星座点信息是与子载波对应的没有搜索到星座点信息的第二用户序列的星座点信息；Determining, according to the plurality of first constellation point information, the second constellation point information, where the second constellation point information is constellation point information of the second user sequence that does not search for the constellation point information corresponding to the subcarrier;

根据所述第一星座点信息、第二星座点信息确定每个用户信号的码本中每个码字的概率，并根据每个码字的概率得到当前最优译码序列；Determining, according to the first constellation point information and the second constellation point information, a probability of each codeword in a codebook of each user signal, and obtaining a current optimal decoding sequence according to a probability of each codeword;

检测迭代次数是否小于预设的迭代最大次数，如果是，将所述当前最优译码序列作为所述当前种群的一个染色体，更新所述当前种群；否则，利用所述当前最优译码序列进行译码。Detecting whether the number of iterations is less than a preset maximum number of iterations, and if so, updating the current population by using the current optimal decoding sequence as one chromosome of the current population; otherwise, using the current optimal decoding sequence Perform decoding.
如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述第一星座点信息、第二星座点信息确定每个用户信号的码本中每个码字的概率，并根据每个码字的概率得到当前最优译码序列包括： The method according to claim 1, wherein said determining a probability of each codeword in a codebook of each user signal according to said first constellation point information and second constellation point information, and according to each code The probability of the word is obtained from the current optimal decoding sequence including:

根据所述第一星座点信息、第二星座点信息以及用户对应每个子载波的第一概率信息，生成子载波对应每个用户的第二概率信息，根据所述第二概率信息更新每个用户对应的第一概率信息；Generating second probability information corresponding to each user of the subcarrier according to the first constellation point information, the second constellation point information, and the first probability information of the user corresponding to each subcarrier, and updating each user according to the second probability information. Corresponding first probability information;

根据所述生成的第二概率信息，计算用户对应的码本中每个码字的概率，根据所述每个码字的概率，计算每个用户对应的码本中每个码字对应的对数似然比LLR，根据所述LLR确定译码每个用户的传输信号的星座点符号得到当前最优译码序列。Calculating, according to the generated second probability information, a probability of each codeword in the codebook corresponding to the user, and calculating, according to the probability of each codeword, a pair corresponding to each codeword in the codebook corresponding to each user The number likelihood ratio LLR determines the current optimal decoding sequence by decoding the constellation point symbols of each user's transmission signal according to the LLR.
如权利要去1或2任一所述的方法，其特征在于，根据所述多个第一星座点信息确定第二星座点信息包括：The method of any one of 1 or 2, wherein determining the second constellation point information according to the plurality of first constellation point information comprises:

获取所述多个第一星座点信息的均值，并将所述均值作为所述第二星座点信息。Obtaining an average of the plurality of first constellation point information, and using the average value as the second constellation point information.
如权利要求1～3任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述利用多目标遗传算法GA对所述当前种群中的用户序列进行搜索，输出搜索到的多个第二用户序列对应的多个第一星座点信息包括：The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the multi-objective genetic algorithm GA searches for a user sequence in the current population, and outputs a plurality of searched second user sequences corresponding to each other. The first constellation point information includes:

计算所述当前种群中每个第一用户序列对应的适应度函数，所述适应度函数为单目标函数之和，所述单目标函数与子载波对应，且所述单目标函数是每个子载波上连接的多个用户之间的欧氏距离；Calculating a fitness function corresponding to each first user sequence in the current population, the fitness function is a sum of single objective functions, the single objective function corresponds to a subcarrier, and the single objective function is each subcarrier The Euclidean distance between multiple users connected;

比较多个第一用户序列对应的适应度函数，根据比较结果和预设的选择准则从所述多个第一用户序列中选择产生子代的父代染色体个体；Comparing the fitness functions corresponding to the plurality of first user sequences, and selecting the parent chromosome individuals that generate the child from the plurality of first user sequences according to the comparison result and the preset selection criteria;

对选择的父代染色体个体分组，以***参数中的遗传过程中交叉概率P_C对分组后的父代染色体个体进行线***叉产生子代染色体个体；Grouping the selected parent chromosomes, and linearly intersecting the grouped parent chromosome individuals with the crossover probability P _C in the genetic parameters in the system parameters to generate the child chromosomes;

对所述子代染色体个体以变异概率P_M进行变异形成新的染色体个体，利用所述新的染色体个体形成新的父代种群，检测当前遗传代数是否等于***参数中的最大遗传代数，如果是，则将所述新的父代种群作为当前种群计算适应度函数；当遗传代数等于所述最大遗传代数时，结束遗传搜索，输出所述单目标函数值作为搜索到的多个第二用户序列对应的多个第一星座点信息。Individuals of the progeny chromosomes are mutated by a mutation probability P _M to form a new chromosome individual, and the new chromosome individual is used to form a new parent population, and whether the current genetic algebra is equal to the maximum genetic algebra in the system parameter, if And calculating the fitness function as the current population as the current population; when the genetic algebra is equal to the maximum genetic algebra, ending the genetic search, and outputting the single objective function value as the searched plurality of second user sequences Corresponding multiple first constellation point information.
如权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，当接收端有两根接收天线，且有三个用户时，所述单目标函数F(y_n,C_FN,n,H_n)为：The method according to claim 4, wherein when there are two receiving antennas at the receiving end and there are three users, the single objective function F(y _n , C _{FN, n} , H _n ) is:

F(y_n,C_FN,n,H_n)＝f(y_n,α，β，i，N_O,n,H_n)F(y _n , C _FN,n ,H _n )=f(y _n ,α,β,i,N _O,n ,H _n )

其中，y_n为每个子载波上接收到的信号，则y_n,r1为接收端在第n个子载波和第r1根接收天线上收到的信号；H_n为每个子载波上连接的用户对应的信道估计矩阵，则h_n,k,r1为用户k在第n个子载波和第r1跟接收天线对应的上行信道；C_FN,n＝[v_n1 v_n2 ..... v_n，df]为每个子载波上对应的用户序列；C_k(i)为用户k的稀疏编码多址接入SCMA码本中的第i个码字，N_o,n,r1为第n个子载波和第r1跟接收天线上的噪声。Where y _n is the signal received on each subcarrier, then y _{n, r1} is the signal received by the receiving end on the nth subcarrier and the r1th receiving antenna; H _n is the user corresponding to the connection on each subcarrier The channel estimation matrix, then h _n,k,r1 is the uplink channel corresponding to the receiving antenna of user n at the nth subcarrier and r1; C _FN,n =[v _n1 v _n2 ..... v _n,df ] is the corresponding user sequence on each subcarrier; C _k (i) is the i th codeword in the sparse coded multiple access SCMA codebook of user k, and N _{o, n, r1} are the nth subcarrier and the first R1 and the noise on the receiving antenna.
如权利要求2～4任一所述的方法，其特征在于，当一个子载波上对应承载三个用户的信号，每个子载波对应的三个用户分别为目标用户、第一关联用户和第二关联用户；一个用户的信号在两个目标子载波上传输；则所述根据所述第一星座点信息、第二星座点信息以及用户对应每个子载波的第一概率信息，生成子载波对应每个用户的第二概率信息，包括：The method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein when a subcarrier carries a signal corresponding to three users, three users corresponding to each subcarrier are a target user, a first associated user, and a second Associated users; a user's signal is transmitted on two target subcarriers; then, according to the first constellation point information, the second constellation point information, and the first probability information corresponding to each subcarrier by the user, generating a subcarrier corresponding to each The second probability information of the users, including:

根据以下公式确定所述第二概率信息：The second probability information is determined according to the following formula:

其中，
表示所述目标用户信号q_k的码本中的第i个码字的针对所述两个目标子载波中的一个目标子载波c_n的概率，n为所述目标子载波c_n在所述N个子载波中的序号，Z(k)表示各目标子载波在所述N个子载波中的序号的集合，α表示所述第一关联用户信号的码本中的码字序号，β表示所述第二关联用户信号的码本中的码字序号，i表示所述目标用户信号的码本中的码字序号，f(.)表示针对所述目标子载波c_n上连接用户的欧氏距离，
表示所述第一关联用户信号q_a的码本中的第α个码字的针对所述目标子载波c_n的概率，
表示所述第二关联用户信号q_b的码本中的第β个码字的针对所述目标子载波c_n的概率，|C_k|表示所述目标用户信号q_k的码本包括的码字的数量；|C_a|表示所述第一关联用户信号q_a的码本包括的码字的数量；|C_b|表示所述第二关联用户信号q_b的码本包括的码字的数量。among them,
This code indicates the target user signal q _k is the i th codeword c _n subcarriers probability for the two sub-carriers in a certain target, n is the target of the subcarrier c _n a sequence number of N subcarriers, Z(k) represents a set of sequence numbers of the target subcarriers in the N subcarriers, α represents a codeword sequence number in a codebook of the first associated user signal, and β represents the a second codebook codeword sequence number associated with the user signal, i denotes the number of codewords of a codebook target signal of the user, f (.) indicates the connection of the user with respect to a target subcarrier on Euclidean distance c _n ,
_Determining the probability of the alpha codeword in the codebook of the first associated user signal q _a for the target subcarrier c _n ,
Denotes the probability for the target sub-carrier c _n of the codebook associated with the second user signal q _b in the first codeword of β, | C _k | target representing the user signals q _k codebook includes a code The number of words; |C _a | indicates the number of code words included in the codebook of the first associated user signal q _a ; |C _b | indicates the code word included in the codebook of the second associated user signal q _b Quantity.
根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，当待更新的用户为目标用户，则根据所述第二概率信息更新每个用户对应的第一概率信息包括：The method according to claim 6, wherein when the user to be updated is the target user, updating the first probability information corresponding to each user according to the second probability information comprises:

从承载于所述两个目标子载波中的第一目标子载波的两个关联用户信号中，确定目标用户信号；Determining a target user signal from two associated user signals carried in a first target subcarrier of the two target subcarriers;

根据所述目标用户信号，确定关联子载波，所述关联子载波是所述N个子载波中除所述第一目标子载波以外的承载有所述目标用户信号的子载波；Determining, according to the target user signal, an associated subcarrier, where the associated subcarrier is a subcarrier carrying the target user signal except the first target subcarrier among the N subcarriers;

根据所述关联子载波，基于以下公式，对所述目标用户信号的码本中的每个码字的概率进行更新：And according to the associated subcarrier, updating a probability of each codeword in the codebook of the target user signal based on the following formula:

其中，表示所述目标用户信号q_k的码本中的第i个码字的针对所述两个目标子载波中的第一目标子载波c_n的概率，n表示所述第一目标子载波在所述N个子载波中的序号，k表示所述目标用户信号q_k在所述M个用户信号中的序号，i表示所述目标用户信号q_k的码本中的码字序号，W(k)表示所述关联子载波在所述N个子载波中的序号的集合，！n表示关联子载波c_！n在所述N个子载波中的序号，
表示所述目标用户信号q_k的码本中的第i个码字的针对所述关联子载波c_！n的概率，|C_k|表示所述第一关联用户信号q_k的码本包括的码字的数量。 among them, C _n represents the probability that subcarriers for the user code of the target present signal q _k of the i-th codeword the target subcarriers two first target, n represents the first target of the subcarriers a sequence number in the N subcarriers, k represents a sequence number of the target user signal q _k in the M user signals, and i represents a code word sequence number in the codebook of the target user signal q _k , W(k) Representing a set of sequence numbers of the associated subcarriers in the N subcarriers, n represents the associated subcarrier c _{! n the number} in the N subcarriers,
This code indicates the target user signal q _k is the i th code word for the associated subcarrier _C! Probability of _n, | C _k | denotes the number of codewords associated with a first user signal q _k codebook included.
根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，根据所述生成的第二概率信息，计算用户对应的码本中每个码字的概率包括：The method according to claim 6, wherein calculating the probability of each codeword in the codebook corresponding to the user according to the generated second probability information comprises:

当所述用户为目标用户，根据以下公式确定所述目标用户信号q_k的码本中每个码字的概率
When the user is the target user, the probability of the target user codebook signal q _k of each code word is determined according to the formula

其中，i表示所述目标用户信号的码本中的码字序号，n为所述两个目标子载波中的一个目标子载波c_n在所述N个子载波中的序号，Z(k)表示各目标子载波在所述N个子载波中的序号的集合，
表示更新后的目标用户信号q_k的码本中的第i个码字的针对所述目标子载波c_n的概率，|C_k|表示所述目标用户信号q_k的码本包括的码字的数量。Where i is the codeword number in the codebook of the target user signal, n is the sequence number of one of the two target subcarriers c _n in the N subcarriers, and Z(k) is represented by a set of sequence numbers of the target subcarriers in the N subcarriers,
Represents the probability of the updated codebook target signal q _k user in the i-th codeword for the target sub-carrier of c _n, | C _k | target representing the user signals q _k codebook comprises codewords quantity.
根据权利要求8所述方法，其特征在于，所述计算每个用户对应的码本中每个码字对应的对数似然比LLR包括：The method according to claim 8, wherein the calculating a log likelihood ratio LLR corresponding to each codeword in a codebook corresponding to each user comprises:

当所述用户为所述目标用户，且所述目标用户信号q_k在所述M个用户信号中的序号为k，则When the user is the target user, and the serial number of the target user signal q _k in the M user signals is k, then

根据以下公式确定所述目标用户信号的码本中的第i个码字对应的调制符号中的每一位的比特值的LLR，以确定所述目标用户信号的码本中第i个码字对应的LLR：Determining an LLR of a bit value of each bit of the modulation symbol corresponding to the i-th codeword in the codebook of the target user signal according to the following formula to determine an i-th codeword in the codebook of the target user signal Corresponding LLR:

其中，LLRx表示所述目标用户信号q_k的码本中的第i个码字对应的调制符号中的第x位的比特值的LLR，X表示所述目标用户信号q_k的码本中的第i个码字对应的调制符号中的比特值的位数，
表示所述目标用户信号q_k的码本中的第i个码字的针对所述两个目标子载波中的一个目标子载波c_n的概率，n为所述目标子载波c_n在所述N个子载波中的序号，Z(k)表示各所述目标子载波在所述N个子载波中的序号的集合，i表示所述目标用户信号的码本中的码字序号，u_i,x表示所述目标用户信号q_k的码本中的第i个码字对应的调制符号中的第x位的比特值。Wherein, LLRx LLR represents the bit value of the target user code present in the signal q _k code words corresponding to the i-th modulation symbol x bit, X is the target user code present in the signal q _k The number of bits of the bit value in the modulation symbol corresponding to the i-th codeword,
This code indicates the target user signal q _k is the i th codeword c _n subcarriers probability for the two sub-carriers in a certain target, n is the target of the subcarrier c _n a sequence number of N subcarriers, Z(k) represents a set of sequence numbers of the target subcarriers in the N subcarriers, and i represents a codeword sequence number in the codebook of the target user signal, u _{i, x} It represents a bit value of the i-th modulation symbol codeword corresponding to the target user code present in the signal q _k in the x-th position.
一种基于多目标遗传的译码装置，其特征在于，当M个用户利用N个子载波传输数据，且一个子载波上承载多个用户的信号，一个用户的信号在多个子载波上传输，该装置包括：A decoding apparatus based on multi-objective inheritance, characterized in that, when M users transmit data by using N subcarriers, and one subcarrier carries signals of multiple users, a signal of one user is transmitted on multiple subcarriers, The device includes:

接收单元，用于接收***参数，并将***参数中由所述M个用户形成的第一用户序列，作为构成遗传种群中染色体；其中，所述第一用户序列中的任一元素v_i与任一用户的一个星座点对应，不同的星座点组合形成不同的用户序列；a receiving unit, configured to receive a system parameter, and use a first user sequence formed by the M users in the system parameter as a chromosome constituting the genetic population; wherein any element v _i in the first user sequence is A constellation point corresponding to any user, and different constellation points are combined to form different user sequences;

迭代单元，用于检测迭代次数是否等于1，如果是，基于所述第一用户序列随机生成种群大小为L的初始种群，将所述初始种群作为当前迭代操作的当前种群，否则，利用前一次迭代操作输出的最优译码序列更新后的种群作为当前迭代操作的当前种群；An iteration unit, configured to detect whether the number of iterations is equal to 1, if yes, randomly generate an initial population with a population size L based on the first user sequence, and use the initial population as a current population of current iteration operations; otherwise, use the previous time The updated population of the optimal decoding sequence output by the iterative operation is used as the current population of the current iterative operation;

初步搜索单元，用于利用多目标遗传算法GA对所述当前种群中的用户序列进行搜索，输出搜索到的多个第二用户序列对应的多个第一星座点信息；其中，所述第二用户序列与每个子载波对应，第二用户序列中的任一元素v_ni与对应的子载波所连接的任一用户的一个星座点对应；a preliminary search unit, configured to search a user sequence in the current population by using a multi-objective genetic algorithm GA, and output a plurality of first constellation point information corresponding to the plurality of searched second user sequences; wherein, the second The user sequence corresponds to each subcarrier, and any element v _ni in the second user sequence corresponds to a constellation point of any user to which the corresponding subcarrier is connected;

补充单元，用于根据所述多个第一星座点信息确定第二星座点信息，其中，所述第二星座点信息是与子载波对应的没有搜索到星座点信息的第二用户序列的星座点信息；a supplementing unit, configured to determine second constellation point information according to the plurality of first constellation point information, where the second constellation point information is a constellation of a second user sequence that does not search for constellation point information corresponding to the subcarrier Point information

最优序列确定单元，用于根据所述第一星座点信息、第二星座点信息确定每个用户信号的码本中每个码字的概率，并根据每个码字的概率得到当前最优译码序列；An optimal sequence determining unit, configured to determine, according to the first constellation point information and the second constellation point information, a probability of each codeword in a codebook of each user signal, and obtain a current optimal according to a probability of each codeword Decoding sequence

判断单元，用于检测迭代次数是否小于预设的迭代最大次数，如果是，将所述当前最优译码序列作为所述当前种群的一个染色体，更新所述当前种群；否则，利用所述当前最优译码序列进行译码。 a determining unit, configured to detect whether the number of iterations is less than a preset maximum number of iterations, and if yes, updating the current population by using the current optimal decoding sequence as one chromosome of the current population; otherwise, using the current The optimal decoding sequence is decoded.
如权利要求10所述的装置，其特征在于，所述最优序列确定单元包括：The apparatus according to claim 10, wherein said optimal sequence determining unit comprises:

概率信息确定模块，用于根据所述第一星座点信息、第二星座点信息以及用户对应每个子载波的第一概率信息，生成子载波对应每个用户的第二概率信息，根据所述第二概率信息更新每个用户对应的第一概率信息；a probability information determining module, configured to generate second probability information corresponding to each user of the subcarrier according to the first constellation point information, the second constellation point information, and the first probability information of the user corresponding to each subcarrier, according to the first The second probability information updates the first probability information corresponding to each user;

计算模块，用于根据所述生成的第二概率信息，计算用户对应的码本中每个码字的概率，根据所述每个码字的概率，计算每个用户对应的码本中每个码字对应的对数似然比LLR，根据所述LLR确定译码每个用户的传输信号的星座点符号得到当前最优译码序列。a calculation module, configured to calculate a probability of each codeword in the codebook corresponding to the user according to the generated second probability information, and calculate each codebook corresponding to each user according to the probability of each codeword The log likelihood ratio LLR corresponding to the codeword is determined according to the LLR to determine a constellation point symbol of each user's transmission signal to obtain a current optimal decoding sequence.
如权利要去10或11任一所述的装置，其特征在于，补充单元根据所述多个第一星座点信息确定第二星座点信息具体包括：获取所述多个第一星座点信息的均值，并将所述均值作为所述第二星座点信息。The apparatus of any one of 10 or 11, wherein the determining, by the supplemental unit, the second constellation point information according to the plurality of first constellation point information comprises: acquiring the plurality of first constellation point information The mean value is used as the second constellation point information.
如权利要求10～12任一所述的装置，其特征在于，所述初步搜索单元包括：The device according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein the preliminary search unit comprises:

适应度函数计算模块，用于计算所述当前种群中每个第一用户序列对应的适应度函数，所述适应度函数为单目标函数之和，所述单目标函数与子载波对应，且所述单目标函数是每个子载波上连接的多个用户之间的欧氏距离；An fitness function calculation module, configured to calculate a fitness function corresponding to each first user sequence in the current population, the fitness function is a sum of single objective functions, and the single objective function corresponds to a subcarrier, and The single objective function is the Euclidean distance between multiple users connected on each subcarrier;

比较模块，用于比较多个第一用户序列对应的适应度函数，根据比较结果和预设的选择准则从所述多个第一用户序列中选择产生子代的父代染色体个体；a comparison module, configured to compare a fitness function corresponding to the plurality of first user sequences, and select, from the plurality of first user sequences, a parent chromosome individual that generates the child according to the comparison result and the preset selection criterion;

子代个体生成模块，用于对选择的父代染色体个体分组，以***参数中的遗传过程中交叉概率P_C对分组后的父代染色体个体进行线***叉产生子代染色体个体；a child generation module for grouping the selected parent chromosomes, and linearly intersecting the grouped parent chromosome individuals with the crossover probability P _C in the genetic parameter in the system parameter to generate the child chromosome individual;

输出模块，用于对所述子代染色体个体以变异概率P_M进行变异形成新的染色体个体，利用所述新的染色体个体形成新的父代种群，检测当前遗传代数是否等于***参数中的最大遗传代数，如果是，则将所述新的父代种群作为当前种群计算适应度函数；当遗传代数等于所述最大遗传代数时，结束遗传搜索，输出所述单目标函数值作为搜索到的多个第二用户序列对应的多个第一星座点信息。An output module, configured to mutate a mutation probability probability P _M to form a new chromosome individual, and use the new chromosome individual to form a new parent population, and detect whether the current genetic algebra is equal to a maximum of the system parameters Genetic algebra, if yes, calculating the fitness function as the current population as the current population; when the genetic algebra is equal to the maximum genetic algebra, ending the genetic search, and outputting the single objective function value as the searched A plurality of first constellation point information corresponding to the second user sequence.
如权利要求13所述的装置，其特征在于，当接收端有两根接收天线，且有三个用户时，所述适应度函数计算模块利用的所述单目标函数F(y_n,C_FN,n,H_n)为：The apparatus according to claim 13, wherein when said receiving end has two receiving antennas and there are three users, said single objective function F(y _n , C _FN, utilized by said fitness function calculating module _n , H _n ) is:

F(y_n,C_FN,n,H_n)＝f(y_n,α，β，i，N_O,n,H_n)F(y _n , C _FN,n ,H _n )=f(y _n ,α,β,i,N _O,n ,H _n )

其中，y_n为每个子载波上接收到的信号，则y_n,r1为接收端在第n个子载波和第r1根接收天线上收到的信号；H_n为每个子载波上连接的用户对应的信道估计矩阵，则h_n,k,r1为用户k在第n个子载波和第r1跟接收天线对应的上行信道；C_FN,n＝[v_n1 v_n2 ..... v_n，df]为每个子载波上对应的用户序列；C_k(i)为用户k的稀疏编码多址接入SCMA码本中的第i个码字，N_o,n,r1为第n个子载波和第r1跟接收天线上的噪声。Where y _n is the signal received on each subcarrier, then y _{n, r1} is the signal received by the receiving end on the nth subcarrier and the r1th receiving antenna; H _n is the user corresponding to the connection on each subcarrier The channel estimation matrix, then h _n,k,r1 is the uplink channel corresponding to the receiving antenna of user n at the nth subcarrier and r1; C _FN,n =[v _n1 v _n2 ..... v _n,df ] is the corresponding user sequence on each subcarrier; C _k (i) is the i th codeword in the sparse coded multiple access SCMA codebook of user k, and N _{o, n, r1} are the nth subcarrier and the first R1 and the noise on the receiving antenna.
如权利要求11～13任一所述的装置，其特征在于，当一个子载波上对应承载三个用户的信号，每个子载波对应的三个用户分别为目标用户、第一关联用户和第二关联用户；一个用户的信号在两个目标子载波上传输；所述概率信息确定模块根据以下公式确定所述第二概率信息：The device according to any one of claims 11 to 13, wherein when a subcarrier carries a signal corresponding to three users, three users corresponding to each subcarrier are a target user, a first associated user, and a second. Associate the user; one user's signal is transmitted on two target subcarriers; the probability information determining module determines the second probability information according to the following formula:

其中，
表示所述目标用户信号q_k的码本中的第i个码字的针对所述两个目标子载波中的一个目标子载波c_n的概率，n为所述目标子载波c_n在所述N个子载波中的序号，Z(k)表示各目标子载波在所述N个子载波中的序号的集合，α表示所述第一关联用户信号的码本中的码字序号，β表示所述第二关联用户信号的码本中的码字序号，i表示所述目标用户信号的码本中的码字序号，f(.)表示针对所述目标子载波c_n上连接用户的欧氏距离，
表示所述第一关联用户信号q_a的码本中的第α个码字的针对所述目标子载波c_n的概率，
表示所述第二关联用户信号q_b的码本中的第β个码字的针对所述目标子载波c_n的概率，|C_k|表示所述目标用户信号q_k的码本包括的码字的数量；|C_a|表示所述第一关联用户信号q_a的码本包括的码字的数量；|C_b|表示所述第二关联用户信号q_b的码本包括的码字的数量。among them,
This code indicates the target user signal q _k is the i th codeword c _n subcarriers probability for the two sub-carriers in a certain target, n is the target of the subcarrier c _n a sequence number of N subcarriers, Z(k) represents a set of sequence numbers of the target subcarriers in the N subcarriers, α represents a codeword sequence number in a codebook of the first associated user signal, and β represents the a second codebook codeword sequence number associated with the user signal, i denotes the number of codewords of a codebook target signal of the user, f (.) indicates the connection of the user with respect to a target subcarrier on Euclidean distance c _n ,
_Determining the probability of the alpha codeword in the codebook of the first associated user signal q _a for the target subcarrier c _n ,
Denotes the probability for the target sub-carrier c _n of the codebook associated with the second user signal q _b in the first codeword of β, | C _k | target representing the user signals q _k codebook includes a code The number of words; |C _a | indicates the number of code words included in the codebook of the first associated user signal q _a ; |C _b | indicates the code word included in the codebook of the second associated user signal q _b Quantity.
根据权利要求15所述的装置，其特征在于，当待更新的用户为目标用户，所述概率信息确定模块根据所述第二概率信息更新每个用户对应的第一概率信息包括：The device according to claim 15, wherein when the user to be updated is the target user, the probability information determining module updates the first probability information corresponding to each user according to the second probability information, including:

从承载于所述两个目标子载波中的第一目标子载波的两个关联用户信号中，确定目标用户信号；Determining a target user signal from two associated user signals carried in a first target subcarrier of the two target subcarriers;

根据所述目标用户信号，确定关联子载波，所述关联子载波是所述N个子载波中除所述第一目标子载波以外的承载有所述目标用户信号的子载波；Determining, according to the target user signal, an associated subcarrier, where the associated subcarrier is a subcarrier carrying the target user signal except the first target subcarrier among the N subcarriers;

根据所述关联子载波，基于以下公式，对所述目标用户信号的码本中的每个码字的概率进行更新：And according to the associated subcarrier, updating a probability of each codeword in the codebook of the target user signal based on the following formula:

其中，
表示所述目标用户信号q_k的码本中的第i个码字的针对所述两个目标子载波中的第一目标子载波c_n的概率，n表示所述第一目标子载波在所述N个子载波中的序号，k表示所述目标用户信号q_k在所述M个用户信号中的序号，i表示所述目标用户信号q_k的码本中的码字序号，W(k)表示所述关联子载波在所述N个子载波中的序号的集合，！n表示关联子载波c_！n在所述N个子载波中的序号，
表示所述目标用户信号q_k的码本中的第i个码字的针对所述关联子载波c_！n的概率，|C_k|表示所述第一关联用户信号q_k的码本包括的码字的数量。among them,
C _n represents the probability that subcarriers for the user code of the target present signal q _k of the i-th codeword the target subcarriers two first target, n represents the first target of the subcarriers a sequence number in the N subcarriers, k represents a sequence number of the target user signal q _k in the M user signals, and i represents a code word sequence number in the codebook of the target user signal q _k , W(k) Representing a set of sequence numbers of the associated subcarriers in the N subcarriers, n represents the associated subcarrier c _{! n the number} in the N subcarriers,
This code indicates the target user signal q _k is the i th code word for the associated subcarrier _C! Probability of _n, | C _k | denotes the number of codewords associated with a first user signal q _k codebook included.
根据权利要求15所述的装置，其特征在于，所述计算模块根据所述生成的第二概率信息，计算用户对应的码本中每个码字的概率包括：The apparatus according to claim 15, wherein the calculating module calculates the probability of each codeword in the codebook corresponding to the user according to the generated second probability information, including:

当所述用户为目标用户，根据以下公式确定所述目标用户信号q_k的码本中每个码字的概率
When the user is the target user, the probability of the target user codebook signal q _k of each code word is determined according to the formula

其中，i表示所述目标用户信号的码本中的码字序号，n为所述两个目标子载波中的一个目标子载波c_n在所述N个子载波中的序号，Z(k)表示各目标子载波在所述N个子载波中的序号的集合，
表示更新后的目标用户信号q_k的码本中的第i个码字的针对所述目标子载波c_n的概率，|C_k|表示所述目标用户信号q_k的码本包括的码字的数量。Where i is the codeword number in the codebook of the target user signal, n is the sequence number of one of the two target subcarriers c _n in the N subcarriers, and Z(k) is represented by a set of sequence numbers of the target subcarriers in the N subcarriers,
Represents the probability of the updated codebook target signal q _k user in the i-th codeword for the target sub-carrier of c _n, | C _k | target representing the user signals q _k codebook comprises codewords quantity.
根据权利要求17所述装置，其特征在于，所述计算模块计算每个用户对应的码本中每个码字对应的对数似然比LLR包括：The apparatus according to claim 17, wherein the calculating module calculates a log likelihood ratio LLR corresponding to each codeword in the codebook corresponding to each user, including:

当所述用户为所述目标用户，且所述目标用户信号q_k在所述M个用户信号中的序号为k，则When the user is the target user, and the serial number of the target user signal q _k in the M user signals is k, then

根据以下公式确定所述目标用户信号的码本中的第i个码字对应的调制符号中的每一位的比特值的LLR，以确定所述目标用户信号的码本中第i个码字对应的LLR：Determining an LLR of a bit value of each bit of the modulation symbol corresponding to the i-th codeword in the codebook of the target user signal according to the following formula to determine an i-th codeword in the codebook of the target user signal Corresponding LLR:

其中，LLRx表示所述目标用户信号q_k的码本中的第i个码字对应的调制符号中的第x位的比特值的LLR，X表示所述目标用户信号q_k的码本中的第i个码字对应的调制符号中的比特值的位数，
表示所述目标用户信号q_k的码本中的第i个码字的针对所述两个目标子载波中的一个目标子载波c_n的概率，n为所述目标子载波c_n在所述N个子载波中的序号，Z(k)表示各所述目标子载波在所述N个子载波中的序号的集合，i表示所述目标用户信号的码本中的码字序号，u_i,x表示所述目标用户信号q_k的码本中的第i个码字对应的调制符号中的第x位的比特值。 Wherein, LLRx LLR represents the bit value of the target user code present in the signal q _k code words corresponding to the i-th modulation symbol x bit, X is the target user code present in the signal q _k The number of bits of the bit value in the modulation symbol corresponding to the i-th codeword,
This code indicates the target user signal q _k is the i th codeword c _n subcarriers probability for the two sub-carriers in a certain target, n is the target of the subcarrier c _n a sequence number of N subcarriers, Z(k) represents a set of sequence numbers of the target subcarriers in the N subcarriers, and i represents a codeword sequence number in the codebook of the target user signal, u _{i, x} It represents a bit value of the i-th modulation symbol codeword corresponding to the target user code present in the signal q _k in the x-th position.