WO2016019807A1 - Automobile hill-start assisting method and device - Google Patents

Automobile hill-start assisting method and device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016019807A1
WO2016019807A1 PCT/CN2015/084971 CN2015084971W WO2016019807A1 WO 2016019807 A1 WO2016019807 A1 WO 2016019807A1 CN 2015084971 W CN2015084971 W CN 2015084971W WO 2016019807 A1 WO2016019807 A1 WO 2016019807A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gear
ratchet
pawl
rotating shaft
transmission system
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PCT/CN2015/084971
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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廖伯云
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廖伯云
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Publication of WO2016019807A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016019807A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T1/00—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of automobile control devices, and in particular to a vehicle ramp assisted starting method and device.
  • the ramp start assisting device (CN203358563U) discloses a ramp assisted starting device, but the brake of the device still uses a brake drum and a brake shoe, the brake of which needs to be realized by operation, and the ratchet pawl only serves as a rotation
  • the cam pushes a connecting mechanism of the brake shoe, which itself does not have a braking function, and secondly, when the device is in use, the braking force of the brake drum and the brake shoe is too large, which may cause a problem of inability to step.
  • the ratchet in the device is disposed in the brake and coaxially connected with the brake drum of the brake, and the ratchet has an external tooth that is eccentric in the reverse direction, and the pawl is connected with the pull wire of the brake, and has external teeth eccentrically in the driving direction, It can be seen that when the brake cable is released, the auxiliary device is activated, the vehicle can only move forward, can not reverse the vehicle, and the brake cable is tightened, the pawl (ie, the sector gear) is separated from the ratchet, the device is closed, but the brake is braked again. In the state, the car can't drive. The end result is that the device can't reverse the car under any circumstances, so the device can't be used well.
  • the invention provides a vehicle ramp assisted starting method and device, and aims to provide a vehicle ramp assisted starting method and device with simple structure, low cost, easy installation and safety, thereby overcoming the deficiencies of the prior art.
  • the present invention provides a vehicle ramp assisted starting method, which is based on the basic structure of an existing automobile transmission system, and a pawl is disposed beside a transmission gear of the vehicle transmission system, so that the pawl and the The gears on the automotive transmission system cooperate to form a ratchet mechanism, thereby preventing the car from sliding in the opposite direction of the start when the ramp starts; or
  • a ratchet is mounted on a rotating shaft of the automobile transmission system, and a pawl is disposed at a fixed position beside the ratchet, so that the pawl cooperates with the ratchet to form a ratchet mechanism, thereby preventing the car from starting at the start of the ramp Sliding in the opposite direction.
  • the rotating shaft is a one-way rotating shaft or a two-way rotating shaft in the transmission system
  • a one-way pawl is connected by a hinge at a corresponding fixed position of the ratchet, so that the ratchet cooperates with the one-way pawl to form a ratchet mechanism; or a gear on the one-way rotating shaft of the gear is used as a ratchet, and a one-way pawl is connected by a hinge at a corresponding fixed position of the gear as a ratchet, so that the gear cooperates with the one-way pawl to form a ratchet mechanism; Or using a gear that meshes with a gear on a one-way rotating shaft to which the gear is fixed as a ratchet, and connecting a one-way pawl by a hinge at a corresponding fixed position of the gear as a ratchet, the gear and the single Cooperating with the pawl to form a ratchet mechanism;
  • a variable-direction pawl is mounted by a hinge at a corresponding fixed position of the ratchet, and the ratchet cooperates with the variable-direction pawl to form a variable-direction ratchet mechanism.
  • a gear on a two-way rotating shaft fixed with a gear as a ratchet and connecting a variable-direction pawl by a hinge at a corresponding fixed position of the gear as a ratchet, and the gear and the variable-direction pawl Cooperate to form a variable direction ratchet mechanism.
  • variable-direction pawl refers to using a shift lever to engage in a forward gear or a reverse gear
  • the two sides opposite to the variable ratchet and the ratchet teeth are respectively meshed by mechanical transmission or electromagnetic transmission, and the variable pawl and the ratchet are controlled by mechanical transmission or electromagnetic transmission when the shift lever is engaged in the neutral gear.
  • the present invention provides a vehicle ramp assisted starting device, including an automobile transmission system
  • the utility model is characterized in that a pawl is arranged at a fixed position close to the vehicle transmission system, so that the pawl can mesh with a gear mounted on a rotating shaft in the vehicle transmission system, so that the pawl cooperates with the gear to form a ratchet Mechanism to prevent the car from sliding in the opposite direction of the start when the ramp starts.
  • the gear on the rotating shaft is a gear fixed in a position of the rotating shaft of the automobile transmission system, or
  • a gear on the rotating shaft is a gear of the automobile transmission system that meshes with a fixed gear of a rotating shaft position, or
  • the gear on the rotating shaft is a ratchet that is separately mounted on the rotating shaft in the automotive transmission system.
  • the pawl engaged with the one-way rotating gear is a one-way pawl
  • the gear is bidirectionally rotated
  • the pawl that meshes with the gear is a variable-direction pawl.
  • variable-direction pawl refers to using a shift lever when engaging in a forward gear or a reverse gear Controlling the two faces of the variable pawl and the ratchet tooth respectively by mechanical transmission or electromagnetic transmission, and controlling the variable pawl by mechanical transmission or electromagnetic transmission when the shift lever is engaged in the neutral gear The ratchets are separated.
  • the vehicle ramp assisted starting method and device provided by the embodiment of the invention provide a pawl that can be mounted on a rotating shaft mounted in the vehicle transmission system by providing a pawl at a fixed position close to the vehicle transmission system.
  • the gear meshes such that the pawl cooperates with the gear to form a ratchet mechanism, thereby preventing the car from sliding in the opposite direction of the start when the ramp starts.
  • the ratchet mechanism of the present invention allows the car to only follow the shift.
  • the rod is hung in the direction of travel of the gear, that is, when the car is engaged in the forward gear, the car is reversed and the vehicle is reversed. The result is that the car will hang forward on the uphill road and start forward.
  • the pedals are coordinated, so that the operation of the ramp start is reduced, and only the throttle valve and the lift clutch pedal need to be coordinated, and the frequent ramp start when the traffic jam on the slope is avoided due to "slamming the throttle or lifting"
  • the clutch is slow, causing accidents caused by the front or rear collision of the automobile, improving the safety of the car at the start of the slope and reducing the occurrence of the accident.
  • the invention has the advantages of simple structure, low production cost, safety and reliability, and easy installation and maintenance. .
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of a vehicle ramp auxiliary starting device according to the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of the ratchet 1 and the one-way pawl of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of a vehicle ramp auxiliary starting device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a third embodiment of a vehicle ramp auxiliary starting device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a fourth embodiment of a vehicle ramp auxiliary starting device according to the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of the tooth A side of the ratchet wheel 3 and the variable direction pawl of Figure 5;
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of the gear B side of the ratchet wheel 3 and the variable direction pawl of Figure 5;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of the ratchet wheel 3 separated from the variable pawl when the car is in neutral position in Figure 5;
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view showing the structure of the fifth embodiment of the vehicle ramp assisted starting device of the present invention.
  • the embodiment provides a vehicle ramp assisted starting method, which is based on the basic structure of the existing automobile transmission system, and is provided with a pawl beside a transmission gear of the automobile transmission system, and the pawl and the vehicle transmission system are provided.
  • the upper gear cooperates to form a ratchet mechanism, thereby preventing the car from sliding in the opposite direction of the start when the ramp starts; or installing a ratchet on a rotating shaft in the vehicle transmission system, and setting the pawl at a fixed position beside the ratchet
  • the pawl is engaged with the ratchet to form a ratchet mechanism, thereby preventing the car from sliding in the opposite direction of the start when the ramp starts.
  • the vehicle ramp assisted starting method provided by the embodiment provides a ratchet mechanism by fitting a pawl to a gear on the vehicle transmission system by providing a pawl beside a transmission gear of the automobile transmission system, thereby preventing the vehicle from being on the ramp.
  • the rotating shaft is a one-way rotating shaft or a two-way rotating shaft in the transmission system
  • the ratchet is Corresponding fixed position is connected to a one-way pawl by a hinge, so that the ratchet cooperates with the one-way pawl to form a ratchet mechanism; or a gear on a one-way rotating shaft fixed with a gear is used as a ratchet, and is used as a ratchet
  • Corresponding fixed position of the gear is connected by a hinge to a one-way pawl, such that the gear cooperates with the one-way pawl to form a ratchet mechanism; or a gear that meshes with a gear on a one-way rotating shaft to which the gear is fixed As a ratchet, and a corresponding one-way pawl is connected by a hinge at the corresponding fixed position of
  • variable-direction pawl refers to controlling the variable by mechanical transmission or electromagnetic transmission when the forward lever or the reverse gear is engaged by the shift lever.
  • the two faces facing the pawl and the ratchet teeth are respectively engaged, and the variable pawl is controlled to be separated from the ratchet by mechanical transmission or electromagnetic transmission when the shift lever is engaged in the neutral.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of a vehicle ramp auxiliary starting device according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a structure of a ratchet wheel and a one-way pawl in FIG. 1.
  • the embodiment provides a vehicle ramp auxiliary starting device, as shown in the figure.
  • FIGS. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of a vehicle ramp auxiliary starting device according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a structure of a ratchet wheel and a one-way pawl in FIG. 1.
  • the embodiment provides a vehicle ramp auxiliary starting device, as shown in the figure.
  • the vehicle ramp assisted starting device includes an automobile transmission system, and a ratchet wheel 5 is mounted on the one-way rotating shaft in the transmission system at a fixed position corresponding to the ratchet wheel 5 (the fixed position can be based on the ratchet wheel 1 5 installed in different positions on the one-way rotating shaft, including the inside of the transmission, the outer casing or the frame corresponding to the position of the power input shaft 4), a one-way pawl 6 is connected by a hinge, so that the ratchet 5 and the one-way The pawl 6 cooperates to form a ratchet mechanism, thereby preventing the car from sliding in the opposite direction of the start when the ramp starts.
  • the one-way rotating shaft in the transmission system includes the power input shaft 4 or the intermediate shaft 20, and the ratchet wheel 5 is fixedly connected by a key. On the one-way rotating shaft.
  • the one-way rotating shaft portion and the two-way rotating shaft portion of the transmission system have only a single steering.
  • the shifting drive gear 10 and the shifting driven gear 9 are in a constantly meshing state, and one of the shifting driven gears 9 passes between the power output shaft 12 and the power output shaft 12 (the power output shaft 12 is a part of the two-way rotating shaft).
  • the engagement sleeve 29 on the shift lever is coupled such that the engine crankshaft 1 drives the vehicle forward through the one-way rotating shaft and the two-way rotating shaft, that is, when the engine crankshaft 1 is normally driven or in the direction of the driving force of the engine crankshaft 1
  • the one-way pawl 6 will slide over the surface of the ratchet wheel 5 without affecting the normal rotation of the ratchet wheel 5.
  • the one-way rotating shaft There is a tendency to rotate in the opposite direction to the direction of rotation when the driving force of the engine crankshaft 1 acts, and the rotation of the ratchet 5 is constituted by the ratchet 5 and the one-way pawl 6
  • the one-way brake is blocked, the car cannot be reversed, and when the specific problem to be solved by the embodiment is utilized, the car is parked on the uphill road (at this time, the engine crankshaft 1 is not connected to the rotating shaft of the transmission system due to the clutch disengagement, the car
  • the brakes are not moving, press the clutch pedal and hang into the forward gear to start forward. After releasing the brake, the car will not After the car.
  • the one-way rotating shaft part and the two-way rotating shaft part of the transmission system also have only a single steering when the shift lever is engaged in the reverse gear.
  • the shift driving gear 10 and the shifting driven gear 9 are in a constantly meshing state, and a reverse intermediate gear 11 is disposed between them, and the gear of the shifting driven gear 9 meshing with the reverse intermediate gear 11 is
  • the power output shaft 12 (the power output shaft 12 is a part of the two-way rotating shaft) is connected by a coupling sleeve 29 on the shift lever, so that the engine crankshaft 1 drives the vehicle backward through the one-way rotating shaft and the two-way rotating shaft.
  • the one-way pawl 6 will slide over the surface of the ratchet wheel 5 without affecting the normal rotation of the ratchet wheel 5, when an external force acting in the opposite direction of the driving force of the engine crankshaft 1 acts, the one-way rotating shaft may have a tendency to rotate in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation when the driving force of the engine crankshaft 1 acts.
  • the rotation of the ratchet wheel 5 is blocked by the one-way brake consisting of the ratchet wheel 5 and the one-way pawl 6, and the car cannot advance, and when the specific problem to be solved by the embodiment is utilized, the car is parked on the downhill road ( At this time, the engine crankshaft 1 is not connected to the rotating shaft of the transmission system due to the clutch disengagement, the car does not move by the brakes, the clutch pedal is depressed, and the reverse gear is required to start backwards. When the brake is released, the car will not slip forward. car.
  • the shift lever of the car actually controls the direction of travel of the car, that is, the car can only travel in the direction of the gear.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of a vehicle ramp auxiliary starting device according to the present invention.
  • the vehicle ramp auxiliary starting device includes an automobile transmission system, and a gear on a one-way rotating shaft fixed with a gear is used as a ratchet.
  • a one-way pawl 2 is connected by a hinge to make the gear and the single Cooperating with the pawl 2 24 to form a ratchet mechanism, thereby preventing the car from sliding in the opposite direction of the starting when the ramp starts,
  • the one-way rotating shaft in the transmission system includes the power input shaft 4 and the intermediate shaft 20, the one-way rotation
  • the gears on the shaft are the constant meshing active teeth in the automotive transmission system.
  • the principle of the second embodiment is identical to the principle of the first embodiment, except that the present embodiment utilizes a gear on a one-way rotating shaft to which a gear is fixed in the conventional transmission system as a ratchet.
  • the vehicle ramp auxiliary starting device includes an automobile transmission system, and meshes with a gear on a one-way rotating shaft fixed with a gear.
  • the gear is used as a ratchet wheel 4, and a one-way pawl 35 is connected by a hinge at a corresponding fixed position of the gear of the ratchet wheel 4, so that the gear cooperates with the one-way pawl 35 to form a ratchet mechanism, thereby preventing
  • the one-way rotating shaft in the transmission system includes the intermediate shaft 20, and the gear that meshes with the gear on the fixed one-way rotating shaft of the gear is the automobile transmission system.
  • the shifting driven gear 9 or the reverse intermediate gear 11 is in the middle.
  • the principle of the third embodiment is consistent with the principle of the first embodiment.
  • the present embodiment utilizes a gear that meshes with a gear on a one-way rotating shaft to which a gear is fixed, as a ratchet, according to the existing automobile.
  • the shifting driven gear 9 and the reverse intermediate gear 11 and the shifting driving gear 10 are in a constantly meshing state, that is, the principle that the shifting driving gear 10 is selected as a ratchet and the shifting driven gear 9 or the reverse intermediate gear are selected.
  • 11 is the principle of the ratchet.
  • the shifting driven gear that meshes with the reverse intermediate gear 11 is considered to correspond to the mounting direction of the pawl three and other shifting driven gears or The reverse intermediate gear is opposite to the mounting direction of the pawl three.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a fourth embodiment of a vehicle ramp auxiliary starting device according to the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a matching structure of a tooth A side of the ratchet wheel 3 and a variable direction pawl in FIG. 5
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the ratchet wheel of FIG. Schematic diagram of the cooperation between the gear B side and the variable impeller
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ratchet 3 and the variable impeller when the vehicle is in neutral position in FIG. 5, as shown in FIG.
  • the vehicle ramp auxiliary starting device Including an automotive transmission system
  • a ratchet wheel 32 22 is mounted on the two-way rotating shaft in the transmission system at a fixed position corresponding to the ratchet wheel 32 22 (the fixed position may be different depending on the position at which the ratchet wheel 32 22 is mounted on the two-way rotating shaft , including the inside of the transmission, the outer casing, the frame corresponding to the universal joint 13 and the transmission shaft 14, the final drive 15, the half shaft and the hub 18 or the inner portion of the transaxle 16 corresponding to the position of the differential 19, through the hinge
  • a variable impeller 21 is mounted to cooperate with the variable impeller 21 to form a variable ratchet mechanism, thereby preventing the car from sliding in the opposite direction of the start when the ramp starts, in the transmission system
  • variable-direction pawl 21 refers to the two faces of the variable-direction pawl 21 and the ratchet wheel 32 22 by mechanical transmission or electromagnetic transmission when the shift lever is engaged in the forward gear or the reverse gear.
  • the tooth A side and the tooth B side shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 respectively mesh with each other, and the variable pitch pawl 21 and the ratchet wheel 32 are controlled by mechanical transmission or electromagnetic transmission when the shift lever is engaged in the neutral gear.
  • the power output shaft 12 passes through the engagement sleeve 29 and the shifting driven gear 9 A set of gear connections (specifically which set of gears are connected according to the actual vehicle gear, but not connected to the set of gears that mesh with the reverse intermediate gear 11), at which time the shift lever is mechanically driven or electromagnetically driven
  • the mode control variable pitch pawl 21 meshes with the tooth A plane of the ratchet wheel 22, as shown in Fig. 6. At this time, the direction in which the ratchet wheel 32 22 can rotate is the direction of rotation for the car to travel forward, and the car is reversed backward.
  • the direction of rotation is blocked by the variable pawl 21, that is, the car can only travel forward and cannot reverse backwards.
  • the car is parked on the uphill road (at this time due to the clutch)
  • the engine crankshaft 1 is not connected to the rotating shaft of the transmission system, the car does not move by the brakes, the clutch pedal is depressed, and the forward gear is pushed forward.
  • the brake is released, the car does not slip backward.
  • the power output shaft 12 (the power output shaft 12 is a part of the bidirectional rotation shaft) passes through the engagement sleeve 29 and the shifting driven gear 9 and the reverse intermediate gear
  • the gears of the 11-phase meshing are connected, and after the reverse intermediate gear 11 is passed, the steering of the power output shaft 12 is opposite to the rotating direction of the vehicle, and the shift lever is controlled by mechanical transmission or electromagnetic transmission.
  • the variable pawl 21 is meshed with the tooth B surface of the ratchet wheel 32, as shown in Fig. 7. At this time, the direction in which the ratchet wheel 32 22 can rotate is the direction of rotation for reversing the car backward, and the direction of rotation of the car forward.
  • the car can only reverse backwards and cannot travel forward.
  • the car is parked on the downhill road (at this time, the clutch is separated.
  • the engine crankshaft 1 is not connected to the rotating shaft of the transmission system, and the car does not move by the brake.
  • the clutch pedal is depressed and the reverse gear is engaged to reverse the vehicle, the car will not slide forward after the brake is released.
  • the vehicle transmission system includes a gear on a bidirectional rotating shaft fixed with a gear as a ratchet five, and is used as a ratchet five.
  • the corresponding fixed position of the gear (which may include the housing of the main drive axle 16) is connected by a hinge to a variable-direction pawl 26, which is configured to cooperate with the variable-direction pawl 26
  • the ratchet mechanism is variable to prevent the car from sliding in the opposite direction of the start when the ramp starts, and the gear on the bidirectional rotating shaft of the fixed gear includes the driving bevel gear 28 or the driven bevel gear 27 in the final drive 15.
  • variable pitch pawl 26 refers to the two faces of the variable pawl 26 and the ratchet five gear teeth respectively controlled by the mechanical transmission mode or the electromagnetic transmission mode when the shift lever is engaged in the forward gear or the reverse gear.
  • the variable pitch pawl 26 is controlled to be separated from the ratchet wheel 5 by mechanical or electromagnetic transmission.
  • the principle of the fifth embodiment is identical to the principle of the fourth embodiment, except that the present embodiment utilizes a gear on a bidirectional rotating shaft to which a gear is fixed as a ratchet.
  • the engine front and rear wheel drive schemes applicable to the automotive mechanical transmission system arrangement are described.
  • the present invention also It can be applied to the engine front wheel drive scheme in the automotive mechanical transmission system layout scheme, the engine rear rear wheel drive scheme, the engine center rear wheel drive scheme, the all-wheel drive scheme and the hydraulic transmission system layout scheme.
  • the hydrodynamic transmission system, the hydrostatic transmission system and the electric transmission system in order to reduce the noise and wear generated by the cooperation of the pawl and the ratchet during normal driving, the prior art is adopted when the vehicle is running normally.
  • the pull-wire or electromagnetic switch separates the pawl from the ratchet. After the car stops, the pawl and the ratchet cooperate to form a ratchet mechanism for one-way control.
  • the present invention has the following advantages over the comparative document ramp start assisting device (CN203358563U):
  • the auxiliary starting device of the present invention does not require other brakes (the brake drum and the brake shoe are included in the comparison document), and the present invention utilizes a ratchet and a pawl to achieve braking;
  • the invention has a large installation range, simple structure and low cost, and the invention can be installed in a car Any position of the drive train;
  • the ratchet and pawl structure of the present invention does not generate additional braking force when the engine of the automobile is actively driven, that is, there is no possibility that the vehicle cannot start when the vehicle starts to be too strong, and the defect in the comparison document That is, if the brake shoe is too strong, that is, the brake force is too large, the car will not be able to start;
  • the invention can realize the starting assistance when the car goes uphill or reverses uphill in the ramp.

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  • Motor Power Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

An automobile hill-start assisting method and device, the method comprising: disposing a pawl (6) next to a transmission gear of an automobile transmission system, the pawl cooperating with the gears in the automobile transmission system to form a ratchet mechanism; or installing a ratchet (5) on a rotating shaft in the automobile transmission system, and disposing a pawl at a fixed position next to the ratchet, the pawl cooperating with the ratchet to form a ratchet mechanism, thus preventing an automobile from coasting down in an opposite direction during the hill-start process.

Description

一种汽车坡道辅助起步方法及装置Automobile ramp assisted starting method and device 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及汽车控制装置技术领域，尤其涉及一种汽车坡道辅助起步方法及装置。The invention relates to the technical field of automobile control devices, and in particular to a vehicle ramp assisted starting method and device.
背景技术Background technique
现有的手动挡汽车(包括某些自动挡汽车)在上坡停车后再前行，如果松开刹车过早，汽车因为没有获得驱动力会后溜滑行，如果松开刹车过迟，也会因为制动力过大起不了步而造成发动机熄火；在下坡停车后再倒车，如果松开刹车过早，汽车因为没有获得驱动力会向前滑行，如果松开刹车过迟，也会因为制动力过大起不了步而造成发动机熄火，由于坡道起步对操作顺序和操作的协调性要求高，特别是在坡道堵车、时走时停的情况下，因为坡道起步时时间要求紧，劳动强度大，极易导致操作不协调，在“手忙脚乱”的情况下，轻则发动机熄火，重则汽车前冲追尾或后溜碰撞而发生事故。Existing manual car (including some automatic cars) will go forward after parking uphill. If the brakes are released too early, the car will slip after sliding because it does not get the driving force. If the brakes are released too late, Because the braking force is too large to start the engine, the engine is turned off; after the downhill parking, the vehicle is reversed. If the brake is released too early, the car will slide forward because it does not gain the driving force. If the brake is released too late, it will also be due to the braking force. If the engine is too large, it will cause the engine to stall. Because the starting of the ramp requires high coordination between the operation sequence and operation, especially in the case of traffic jams on the slope, when the time is stopped, the time is tight because the slope starts, labor intensity Large, it is easy to lead to uncoordinated operation. In the case of "hands-on", the engine is turned off, and the accident occurs when the car rushes to the rear or collides.
坡道起步辅助装置(CN203358563U)公开了一种坡道辅助起步装置，但该装置的制动器仍采用制动鼓和制动蹄，该制动器的制动需要通过操作实现，而棘轮棘爪只作为转动凸轮推动制动蹄的一个连接机构，其本身不具有制动功能，其次该装置在使用时，也会由于制动鼓和制动蹄的制动力过大而造成起不了步的问题，同时该装置中棘轮的设置在制动器内并与制动器的制动鼓同轴连接，且该棘轮具有沿倒车方向的偏心的外齿，而棘爪与制动器的拉线连接，具有沿行车方向偏心的外齿，由此可见，松开制动器拉线，该辅助装置启动，该车辆只能前行，不能倒车，拉紧制动器拉线，则棘爪(即扇形齿轮)与棘轮分开，该装置关闭，但制动器又处于刹车状态，汽车不能行驶，最终结果是：该装置使汽车在任何情况下都不能倒车行驶，因此该装置不能很好应用。The ramp start assisting device (CN203358563U) discloses a ramp assisted starting device, but the brake of the device still uses a brake drum and a brake shoe, the brake of which needs to be realized by operation, and the ratchet pawl only serves as a rotation The cam pushes a connecting mechanism of the brake shoe, which itself does not have a braking function, and secondly, when the device is in use, the braking force of the brake drum and the brake shoe is too large, which may cause a problem of inability to step. The ratchet in the device is disposed in the brake and coaxially connected with the brake drum of the brake, and the ratchet has an external tooth that is eccentric in the reverse direction, and the pawl is connected with the pull wire of the brake, and has external teeth eccentrically in the driving direction, It can be seen that when the brake cable is released, the auxiliary device is activated, the vehicle can only move forward, can not reverse the vehicle, and the brake cable is tightened, the pawl (ie, the sector gear) is separated from the ratchet, the device is closed, but the brake is braked again. In the state, the car can't drive. The end result is that the device can't reverse the car under any circumstances, so the device can't be used well.
发明内容 Summary of the invention
本发明提供一种汽车坡道辅助起步方法及装置，目的是：提供一种结构简单，造价低廉，易于安装且安全可靠的汽车坡道辅助起步方法及装置，从而克服现有技术的不足。The invention provides a vehicle ramp assisted starting method and device, and aims to provide a vehicle ramp assisted starting method and device with simple structure, low cost, easy installation and safety, thereby overcoming the deficiencies of the prior art.
第一方面，本发明提供一种汽车坡道辅助起步方法，该方法以现有汽车传动***的基本结构为基础，在靠近汽车传动***的一个传动齿轮旁设置棘爪，使该棘爪与该汽车传动***上的齿轮配合构成棘轮机构，从而阻止汽车在坡道起步时向起步的相反方向滑行；或者In a first aspect, the present invention provides a vehicle ramp assisted starting method, which is based on the basic structure of an existing automobile transmission system, and a pawl is disposed beside a transmission gear of the vehicle transmission system, so that the pawl and the The gears on the automotive transmission system cooperate to form a ratchet mechanism, thereby preventing the car from sliding in the opposite direction of the start when the ramp starts; or
在所述汽车传动***中的一个转动轴上安装棘轮，并在该棘轮旁的固定位置处设置棘爪，使该棘爪与该棘轮配合构成棘轮机构，从而阻止汽车在坡道起步时向起步的相反方向滑行。A ratchet is mounted on a rotating shaft of the automobile transmission system, and a pawl is disposed at a fixed position beside the ratchet, so that the pawl cooperates with the ratchet to form a ratchet mechanism, thereby preventing the car from starting at the start of the ramp Sliding in the opposite direction.
在第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述的转动轴为传动***中的单向转动轴或双向转动轴；In a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the rotating shaft is a one-way rotating shaft or a two-way rotating shaft in the transmission system;
当在传动***中的单向转动轴上安装棘轮时，在该棘轮相对应的固定位置处通过铰链连接一个单向棘爪，使该棘轮与该单向棘爪配合构成棘轮机构；或者利用固定有齿轮的单向转动轴上的齿轮作为棘轮，并在该作为棘轮的齿轮的相对应的固定位置处通过铰链连接一个单向棘爪，使该齿轮与该单向棘爪配合构成棘轮机构；或者利用与固定有齿轮的单向转动轴上的齿轮相啮合的齿轮作为棘轮，并在该作为棘轮的齿轮的相对应的固定位置处通过铰链连接一个单向棘爪，使该齿轮与该单向棘爪配合构成棘轮机构；When a ratchet is mounted on the one-way rotating shaft in the transmission system, a one-way pawl is connected by a hinge at a corresponding fixed position of the ratchet, so that the ratchet cooperates with the one-way pawl to form a ratchet mechanism; or a gear on the one-way rotating shaft of the gear is used as a ratchet, and a one-way pawl is connected by a hinge at a corresponding fixed position of the gear as a ratchet, so that the gear cooperates with the one-way pawl to form a ratchet mechanism; Or using a gear that meshes with a gear on a one-way rotating shaft to which the gear is fixed as a ratchet, and connecting a one-way pawl by a hinge at a corresponding fixed position of the gear as a ratchet, the gear and the single Cooperating with the pawl to form a ratchet mechanism;
当在传动***中的双向转动轴上安装棘轮时，在该棘轮相对应的固定位置处通过铰链安装一个可变向棘爪，使该棘轮与该可变向棘爪配合构成可变向棘轮机构；或者利用固定有齿轮的双向转动轴上的齿轮作为棘轮，并在该作为棘轮的齿轮的相对应的固定位置处通过铰链连接一个可变向棘爪，使该齿轮与该可变向棘爪配合构成可变向棘轮机构。When a ratchet is mounted on the two-way rotating shaft in the transmission system, a variable-direction pawl is mounted by a hinge at a corresponding fixed position of the ratchet, and the ratchet cooperates with the variable-direction pawl to form a variable-direction ratchet mechanism. Or using a gear on a two-way rotating shaft fixed with a gear as a ratchet, and connecting a variable-direction pawl by a hinge at a corresponding fixed position of the gear as a ratchet, and the gear and the variable-direction pawl Cooperate to form a variable direction ratchet mechanism.
根据第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，在第一方面的第三种可能的实现方式中，所述可变向棘爪是指利用换挡杆在挂入前进挡或倒档时通过机械传动方式或电磁传动方式控制可变向棘爪与棘轮轮齿相对的两个面分别啮合，换挡杆挂入空挡时通过机械传动方式或电磁传动方式控制可变向棘爪与该棘轮分开。According to a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the variable-direction pawl refers to using a shift lever to engage in a forward gear or a reverse gear The two sides opposite to the variable ratchet and the ratchet teeth are respectively meshed by mechanical transmission or electromagnetic transmission, and the variable pawl and the ratchet are controlled by mechanical transmission or electromagnetic transmission when the shift lever is engaged in the neutral gear. separate.
第二方面，本发明提供一种汽车坡道辅助起步装置，包括汽车传动***， 其特征在于：在靠近汽车传动***的固定位置处设置一个棘爪，使该棘爪能与安装在汽车传动***中的一个转动轴上的齿轮啮合，从而使该棘爪与该齿轮配合构成棘轮机构，从而防止汽车在坡道起步时向起步的相反方向滑行。In a second aspect, the present invention provides a vehicle ramp assisted starting device, including an automobile transmission system, The utility model is characterized in that a pawl is arranged at a fixed position close to the vehicle transmission system, so that the pawl can mesh with a gear mounted on a rotating shaft in the vehicle transmission system, so that the pawl cooperates with the gear to form a ratchet Mechanism to prevent the car from sliding in the opposite direction of the start when the ramp starts.
在第二方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述转动轴上的齿轮为所述汽车传动***中与转动轴位置固定的齿轮，或In a first possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the gear on the rotating shaft is a gear fixed in a position of the rotating shaft of the automobile transmission system, or
所述转动轴上的齿轮为所述汽车传动***中与转动轴位置固定齿轮相啮合的齿轮，或a gear on the rotating shaft is a gear of the automobile transmission system that meshes with a fixed gear of a rotating shaft position, or
所述转动轴上的齿轮为所述汽车传动***中单独安装在转动轴上的棘轮。The gear on the rotating shaft is a ratchet that is separately mounted on the rotating shaft in the automotive transmission system.
在第二方面的第二种可能的实现方式中，当所述的齿轮为单向转动时，与该单向转动齿轮啮合的棘爪为单向棘爪，当所述的齿轮为双向转动时，与该齿轮啮合的棘爪为可变向棘爪。In a second possible implementation manner of the second aspect, when the gear is unidirectionally rotated, the pawl engaged with the one-way rotating gear is a one-way pawl, and when the gear is bidirectionally rotated The pawl that meshes with the gear is a variable-direction pawl.
根据第二方面的第二种可能的实现方式中，在第二方面的第三种可能的实现方式中，所述可变向棘爪是指利用换挡杆在挂入前进挡或倒档时通过机械传动方式或电磁传动方式控制可变向棘爪与棘轮轮齿相对的两个面分别啮合，换挡杆挂入空挡时通过机械传动方式或电磁传动方式控制该可变向棘爪与该棘轮分开。According to a second possible implementation manner of the second aspect, in a third possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the variable-direction pawl refers to using a shift lever when engaging in a forward gear or a reverse gear Controlling the two faces of the variable pawl and the ratchet tooth respectively by mechanical transmission or electromagnetic transmission, and controlling the variable pawl by mechanical transmission or electromagnetic transmission when the shift lever is engaged in the neutral gear The ratchets are separated.
本发明实施例提供的汽车坡道辅助起步方法及装置，该装置通过在靠近汽车传动***的固定位置处设置一个棘爪，使该棘爪能与安装在汽车传动***中的一个转动轴上的齿轮啮合，从而使该棘爪与该齿轮配合构成棘轮机构，从而防止汽车在坡道起步时向起步的相反方向滑行，与现有技术相比，本发明的棘轮机构使汽车只能按照换挡杆挂入档位的行驶方向运行，即是当汽车挂入前进挡时，汽车向后倒车被阻止，结果就是汽车在上坡道路上挂入前进挡向前起步时，松开刹车后不会向后溜车；当换挡杆挂入倒档时，汽车向前行驶被阻止，结果就是汽车在下坡道路上挂入倒档倒车起步时，松开刹车后不会向前滑行；当换挡杆挂入空挡时，对于设置在单向转动轴的单向棘轮机构，不会影响汽车在外力作用下的向前或向后滑行，对于可变向棘轮机构，因可变向棘爪与棘轮分开，同样不影响转动轴的转动，即不影响汽车在外力作用下的向前或向后滑行，从而使汽车在坡道上起步的操作与在平地起步操作完全一样简单、容易且安全，使松开刹车的动作不需要和加油门与抬离合 器踏板协调配合，这样就减少了坡道起步的操作动作，只需要加油门与抬离合器踏板协调配合即可，同时还避免了在坡道堵车时因频繁坡道起步因“猛加油门或抬离合器迟缓”使汽车前冲追尾或后溜碰撞造成事故，提高了汽车在坡道起步时的安全性，减少了事故的发生，本发明结构简单，制作成本低廉，且安全可靠，易于安装和维护。The vehicle ramp assisted starting method and device provided by the embodiment of the invention provide a pawl that can be mounted on a rotating shaft mounted in the vehicle transmission system by providing a pawl at a fixed position close to the vehicle transmission system. The gear meshes such that the pawl cooperates with the gear to form a ratchet mechanism, thereby preventing the car from sliding in the opposite direction of the start when the ramp starts. Compared with the prior art, the ratchet mechanism of the present invention allows the car to only follow the shift. The rod is hung in the direction of travel of the gear, that is, when the car is engaged in the forward gear, the car is reversed and the vehicle is reversed. The result is that the car will hang forward on the uphill road and start forward. Rolling backwards; when the shift lever is engaged in reverse gear, the car is prevented from moving forward. The result is that the car is engaged in reverse gear on the downhill road. When the car is started, it will not slide forward after releasing the brake; When the rod is engaged in the neutral gear, the one-way ratchet mechanism disposed on the one-way rotating shaft does not affect the forward or backward sliding of the vehicle under the action of the external force. For the variable-direction ratchet mechanism, due to the variable direction The claw is separated from the ratchet and does not affect the rotation of the rotating shaft, that is, it does not affect the forward or backward sliding of the vehicle under the external force, so that the starting operation of the car on the slope is completely as simple, easy and safe as the starting operation on the ground. So that the action of releasing the brake does not need to be combined with the throttle and lift The pedals are coordinated, so that the operation of the ramp start is reduced, and only the throttle valve and the lift clutch pedal need to be coordinated, and the frequent ramp start when the traffic jam on the slope is avoided due to "slamming the throttle or lifting" The clutch is slow, causing accidents caused by the front or rear collision of the automobile, improving the safety of the car at the start of the slope and reducing the occurrence of the accident. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, low production cost, safety and reliability, and easy installation and maintenance. .
附图说明DRAWINGS
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, a brief description of the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description It is a certain embodiment of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained from those skilled in the art without any inventive labor.
图1为本发明汽车坡道辅助起步装置实施例一的结构示意图；1 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of a vehicle ramp auxiliary starting device according to the present invention;
图2为图1中棘轮一与单向棘爪结构示意图；Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of the ratchet 1 and the one-way pawl of Figure 1;
图3为本发明汽车坡道辅助起步装置实施施例二的结构示意图；3 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of a vehicle ramp auxiliary starting device according to the present invention;
图4为本发明汽车坡道辅助起步装置实施例三的结构示意图；4 is a schematic structural view of a third embodiment of a vehicle ramp auxiliary starting device according to the present invention;
图5为本发明汽车坡道辅助起步装置实施例四的结构示意图；5 is a schematic structural view of a fourth embodiment of a vehicle ramp auxiliary starting device according to the present invention;
图6为图5中棘轮三的轮齿A侧与可变向棘爪配合结构示意图；Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of the tooth A side of the ratchet wheel 3 and the variable direction pawl of Figure 5;
图7为图5中棘轮三的轮齿B侧与可变向棘爪配合结构示意图；Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of the gear B side of the ratchet wheel 3 and the variable direction pawl of Figure 5;
图8为图5中汽车空挡时棘轮三与可变向棘爪分开时结构示意图；Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of the ratchet wheel 3 separated from the variable pawl when the car is in neutral position in Figure 5;
图9是本发明汽车坡道辅助起步装置实施例五的结构示意图。Figure 9 is a schematic view showing the structure of the fifth embodiment of the vehicle ramp assisted starting device of the present invention.
附图中的标记为：The markings in the figure are:
1-发动机曲轴、2-离合器主动盘、3-离合器被动盘、4-动力输入轴、5-棘轮一、6-单向棘爪、7-常啮合主动齿轮、8-常啮合从动齿轮、9-换挡从动齿轮、10-换挡主动齿轮、11-倒档中间齿轮、12-动力输出轴、13-万向节、14-传动轴、15-主减速器、16-驱动桥、17-后轮、18-半轴与轮毂、19-差速器、20-中间轴、21-可变向棘爪、22-棘轮三、23-前轮、24-单向棘爪二、25-单向棘爪三、26-可变向棘爪二、27-从动锥齿轮、28-主动锥齿轮、29-接合套。1-engine crankshaft, 2-clutch active disc, 3-clutch passive disc, 4-power input shaft, 5- Ratchet one, 6-one-way pawl, 7-consistent drive gear, 8-consistent driven gear, 9-shift driven gear, 10-shift drive gear, 11-reverse intermediate gear, 12-power output shaft, 13-way joint, 14-drive shaft, 15-main reducer, 16-drive axle, 17-rear wheel, 18-half shaft and hub, 19-differential, 20-intermediate shaft, 21-variable pawl, 22-ratchet three, 23-front wheel, 24-one one-way pawl two, 25 - one-way pawl three, 26-variable pawl two, 27-driven bevel gear, 28-acting bevel gear, 29-sleeve sleeve.
具体实施方式detailed description
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发 明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will be combined with the present invention. The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described in the drawings, and the embodiments are described as a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts are within the scope of the present invention.
本实施例提供一种汽车坡道辅助起步方法，该方法以现有汽车传动***的基本结构为基础，在靠近汽车传动***的一个传动齿轮旁设置棘爪，使该棘爪与该汽车传动***上的齿轮配合构成棘轮机构，从而阻止汽车在坡道起步时向起步的相反方向滑行；或是在汽车传动***中的一个转动轴上安装棘轮，并在该棘轮旁的固定位置处设置棘爪，使该棘爪与该棘轮配合构成棘轮机构，从而阻止汽车在坡道起步时向起步的相反方向滑行。The embodiment provides a vehicle ramp assisted starting method, which is based on the basic structure of the existing automobile transmission system, and is provided with a pawl beside a transmission gear of the automobile transmission system, and the pawl and the vehicle transmission system are provided. The upper gear cooperates to form a ratchet mechanism, thereby preventing the car from sliding in the opposite direction of the start when the ramp starts; or installing a ratchet on a rotating shaft in the vehicle transmission system, and setting the pawl at a fixed position beside the ratchet The pawl is engaged with the ratchet to form a ratchet mechanism, thereby preventing the car from sliding in the opposite direction of the start when the ramp starts.
本实施例提供的汽车坡道辅助起步方法，通过在靠近汽车传动***的一个传动齿轮旁设置棘爪，使该棘爪与该汽车传动***上的齿轮配合构成棘轮机构，从而阻止汽车在坡道起步时向起步的相反方向滑行；或是在汽车传动***中的一个转动轴上安装棘轮，并在该棘轮旁的固定位置处设置棘爪，使该棘爪与该棘轮配合构成棘轮机构，从而阻止汽车在坡道起步时向起步的相反方向滑行，从而减少了坡道起步的操作动作，只需要加油门与抬离合器踏板协调配合即可，同时还避免了在坡道堵车时因频繁坡道起步因“猛加油门或抬离合器迟缓”使汽车前冲追尾或后溜碰撞造成事故，提高了汽车在坡道起步时的安全性，减少了事故的发生，本发明结构简单，制作成本低廉，且安全可靠，易于安装和维护。The vehicle ramp assisted starting method provided by the embodiment provides a ratchet mechanism by fitting a pawl to a gear on the vehicle transmission system by providing a pawl beside a transmission gear of the automobile transmission system, thereby preventing the vehicle from being on the ramp. Sliding in the opposite direction of starting at the start; or installing a ratchet on a rotating shaft in the vehicle transmission system, and providing a pawl at a fixed position beside the ratchet, so that the pawl cooperates with the ratchet to form a ratchet mechanism, thereby Prevent the car from sliding in the opposite direction of the start when starting the ramp, thus reducing the operation of the start of the ramp, only need to coordinate the coordination with the lifting clutch pedal, and also avoid frequent ramps when the traffic jam on the ramp The start-up caused by the sudden increase of the throttle or the lifting of the clutch caused the accident of the car to catch up with the rear-end collision or the rear-slip collision, which improved the safety of the car at the start of the slope and reduced the occurrence of the accident. The invention has the advantages of simple structure and low production cost. It is safe and reliable, easy to install and maintain.
进一步的，在上述实施例的基础上，本实施例中，转动轴为传动***中的单向转动轴或双向转动轴，当在传动***中的单向转动轴上安装棘轮时，在该棘轮相对应的固定位置处通过铰链连接一个单向棘爪，使该棘轮与该单向棘爪配合构成棘轮机构；或者利用固定有齿轮的单向转动轴上的齿轮作为棘轮，并在该作为棘轮的齿轮的相对应的固定位置处通过铰链连接一个单向棘爪，使该齿轮与该单向棘爪配合构成棘轮机构；或者利用与固定有齿轮的单向转动轴上的齿轮相啮合的齿轮作为棘轮，并在该作为棘轮的齿轮的相对应的固定位置处通过铰链连接一个单向棘爪，使该齿轮与该单向棘爪配合构成棘轮机构；当在传动***中的双向转动轴上安装棘轮时，在该棘轮相对应的固定位置处通过铰链安装一个可变向棘爪，使该棘轮与可变向棘爪配合构 成可变向棘轮机构；或者利用固定有齿轮的双向转动轴上的齿轮作为棘轮，并在该作为棘轮的齿轮的相对应的固定位置处通过铰链连接一个可变向棘爪，使该齿轮与该可变向棘爪配合构成可变向棘轮机构。Further, based on the above embodiment, in the embodiment, the rotating shaft is a one-way rotating shaft or a two-way rotating shaft in the transmission system, and when the ratchet is mounted on the one-way rotating shaft in the transmission system, the ratchet is Corresponding fixed position is connected to a one-way pawl by a hinge, so that the ratchet cooperates with the one-way pawl to form a ratchet mechanism; or a gear on a one-way rotating shaft fixed with a gear is used as a ratchet, and is used as a ratchet Corresponding fixed position of the gear is connected by a hinge to a one-way pawl, such that the gear cooperates with the one-way pawl to form a ratchet mechanism; or a gear that meshes with a gear on a one-way rotating shaft to which the gear is fixed As a ratchet, and a corresponding one-way pawl is connected by a hinge at the corresponding fixed position of the gear as a ratchet, the gear cooperates with the one-way pawl to form a ratchet mechanism; when on the two-way rotating shaft in the transmission system When the ratchet is mounted, a variable-direction pawl is mounted by a hinge at a fixed position corresponding to the ratchet, so that the ratchet cooperates with the variable-direction pawl a variable-direction ratchet mechanism; or a gear on a two-way rotating shaft fixed with a gear as a ratchet, and a variable-direction pawl connected by a hinge at a corresponding fixed position of the gear as a ratchet The variable pitch pawl cooperates to form a variable direction ratchet mechanism.
进一步的，在上述实施例的基础上，本实施例中，其中，可变向棘爪是指利用换挡杆在挂入前进挡或倒档时通过机械传动方式或电磁传动方式控制该可变向棘爪与该棘轮轮齿相对的两个面分别啮合，换挡杆挂入空挡时通过机械传动方式或电磁传动方式控制该可变向棘爪与该棘轮分开。Further, based on the above embodiment, in the embodiment, the variable-direction pawl refers to controlling the variable by mechanical transmission or electromagnetic transmission when the forward lever or the reverse gear is engaged by the shift lever. The two faces facing the pawl and the ratchet teeth are respectively engaged, and the variable pawl is controlled to be separated from the ratchet by mechanical transmission or electromagnetic transmission when the shift lever is engaged in the neutral.
图1为本发明汽车坡道辅助起步装置实施例一的结构示意图，图2为附图1中棘轮一与单向棘爪结构示意图，本实施例提供一种汽车坡道辅助起步装置，如图1和2所示，汽车坡道辅助起步装置包括汽车传动***，在传动***中的单向转动轴上安装棘轮一5，在棘轮一5相对应的固定位置处(该固定位置可根据棘轮一5安装在单向转动轴上的不同位置而不同，包括变速器内、外壳或与动力输入轴4位置对应的车架上)通过铰链连接一个单向棘爪6，使棘轮一5与该单向棘爪6配合构成棘轮机构，从而防止汽车在坡道起步时向起步的相反方向滑行，该传动***中的单向转动轴包括动力输入轴4或中间轴20，该棘轮一5通过键固定联接在该单向转动轴上。1 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of a vehicle ramp auxiliary starting device according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a structure of a ratchet wheel and a one-way pawl in FIG. 1. The embodiment provides a vehicle ramp auxiliary starting device, as shown in the figure. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the vehicle ramp assisted starting device includes an automobile transmission system, and a ratchet wheel 5 is mounted on the one-way rotating shaft in the transmission system at a fixed position corresponding to the ratchet wheel 5 (the fixed position can be based on the ratchet wheel 1 5 installed in different positions on the one-way rotating shaft, including the inside of the transmission, the outer casing or the frame corresponding to the position of the power input shaft 4), a one-way pawl 6 is connected by a hinge, so that the ratchet 5 and the one-way The pawl 6 cooperates to form a ratchet mechanism, thereby preventing the car from sliding in the opposite direction of the start when the ramp starts. The one-way rotating shaft in the transmission system includes the power input shaft 4 or the intermediate shaft 20, and the ratchet wheel 5 is fixedly connected by a key. On the one-way rotating shaft.
具体实施过程，当发动机曲轴1正常转动，换挡杆挂入前进挡时传动***中的单向转动轴部分和双向转动轴部分只有唯一的转向，根据现有传统***原理，在前进挡情况下，换挡主动齿轮10与换挡从动齿轮9为常啮合状态，换挡从动齿轮9中的一个齿轮会与动力输出轴12(该动力输出轴12为双向转动轴的一部分)之间通过换挡杆上的接合套29连接，从而使得发动机曲轴1通过单向转动轴和双向转动轴驱动汽车向前行驶，也就是当发动机曲轴1正常驱动或在与发动机曲轴1驱动力作用方向一致的外力作用汽车时，单向棘爪6会从棘轮一5表面滑过而不影响棘轮一5的正常转动，当在与发动机曲轴1驱动力作用方向相反的外力作用时，此时单向转动轴会有与发动机曲轴1驱动力作用方向时的转动方向相反方向转动的趋势，此时棘轮一5的转动就会被由棘轮一5和单向棘爪6构成的单向制动器阻止，汽车不能倒车，利用到本实施例想解决的具体问题中时，汽车在上坡道路上停车后(此时因离合器分离开发动机曲轴1没有与传动***的转动轴连接，汽车靠刹车不移动)，踩下离合器踏板，挂入前进挡欲向前起步时，松开刹车后汽车不会向 后溜车。In the specific implementation process, when the engine crankshaft 1 rotates normally and the shift lever is engaged in the forward gear, the one-way rotating shaft portion and the two-way rotating shaft portion of the transmission system have only a single steering. According to the existing conventional system principle, in the forward gear case. The shifting drive gear 10 and the shifting driven gear 9 are in a constantly meshing state, and one of the shifting driven gears 9 passes between the power output shaft 12 and the power output shaft 12 (the power output shaft 12 is a part of the two-way rotating shaft). The engagement sleeve 29 on the shift lever is coupled such that the engine crankshaft 1 drives the vehicle forward through the one-way rotating shaft and the two-way rotating shaft, that is, when the engine crankshaft 1 is normally driven or in the direction of the driving force of the engine crankshaft 1 When an external force acts on the vehicle, the one-way pawl 6 will slide over the surface of the ratchet wheel 5 without affecting the normal rotation of the ratchet wheel 5. When the external force acts in the opposite direction to the driving force of the engine crankshaft 1, the one-way rotating shaft There is a tendency to rotate in the opposite direction to the direction of rotation when the driving force of the engine crankshaft 1 acts, and the rotation of the ratchet 5 is constituted by the ratchet 5 and the one-way pawl 6 The one-way brake is blocked, the car cannot be reversed, and when the specific problem to be solved by the embodiment is utilized, the car is parked on the uphill road (at this time, the engine crankshaft 1 is not connected to the rotating shaft of the transmission system due to the clutch disengagement, the car When the brakes are not moving, press the clutch pedal and hang into the forward gear to start forward. After releasing the brake, the car will not After the car.
当发动机曲轴1正常转动，换挡杆挂入倒档时传动***中的单向转动轴部分和双向转动轴部分也各自只有唯一的转向，根据现有传统***原理，在倒挡情况下，换挡主动齿轮10与换挡从动齿轮9为常啮合状态，且在它们之间设有一个倒档中间齿轮11，换挡从动齿轮9中的与倒档中间齿轮11相啮合的齿轮会与动力输出轴12(该动力输出轴12为双向转动轴的一部分)之间通过换挡杆上的接合套29连接，从而使得发动机曲轴1通过单向转动轴和双向转动轴驱动汽车向后行驶，也就是当发动机曲轴1正常驱动或在与发动机曲轴1驱动力作用方向一致的外力作用汽车时，单向棘爪6会从棘轮一5表面滑过而不影响棘轮一5的正常转动，当在与发动机曲轴1驱动力作用方向相反的外力作用时，此时单向转动轴会有与发动机曲轴1驱动力作用方向时的转动方向相反方向转动的趋势，此时棘轮一5的转动就会被由棘轮一5和单向棘爪6构成的单向制动器阻止，汽车不能前进，利用到本实施例想解决的具体问题中时，汽车在下坡道路上停车后(此时因离合器分离开发动机曲轴1没有与传动***的转动轴连接，汽车靠刹车不移动)，踩下离合器踏板，挂入倒挡欲向后起步时，松开刹车后汽车不会向前溜车。When the engine crankshaft 1 rotates normally, the one-way rotating shaft part and the two-way rotating shaft part of the transmission system also have only a single steering when the shift lever is engaged in the reverse gear. According to the existing conventional system principle, in the case of reverse gear, The shift driving gear 10 and the shifting driven gear 9 are in a constantly meshing state, and a reverse intermediate gear 11 is disposed between them, and the gear of the shifting driven gear 9 meshing with the reverse intermediate gear 11 is The power output shaft 12 (the power output shaft 12 is a part of the two-way rotating shaft) is connected by a coupling sleeve 29 on the shift lever, so that the engine crankshaft 1 drives the vehicle backward through the one-way rotating shaft and the two-way rotating shaft. That is, when the engine crankshaft 1 is normally driven or an external force acting in the same direction as the driving force of the engine crankshaft 1 acts on the vehicle, the one-way pawl 6 will slide over the surface of the ratchet wheel 5 without affecting the normal rotation of the ratchet wheel 5, when When an external force acting in the opposite direction of the driving force of the engine crankshaft 1 acts, the one-way rotating shaft may have a tendency to rotate in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation when the driving force of the engine crankshaft 1 acts. The rotation of the ratchet wheel 5 is blocked by the one-way brake consisting of the ratchet wheel 5 and the one-way pawl 6, and the car cannot advance, and when the specific problem to be solved by the embodiment is utilized, the car is parked on the downhill road ( At this time, the engine crankshaft 1 is not connected to the rotating shaft of the transmission system due to the clutch disengagement, the car does not move by the brakes, the clutch pedal is depressed, and the reverse gear is required to start backwards. When the brake is released, the car will not slip forward. car.
当换挡杆挂入空挡时，此时换挡从动齿轮9与动力输出轴12相脱离，换挡杆上的接合套29与换挡从动齿轮9分离，此时当汽车在外力作用下前进或倒车时，只会带动双向转动轴作相应的正向或反向转动，而不会影响单向转动轴，因此设置在单向转动轴上的棘轮机构不会影响在空挡时汽车在外力作用下的滑行。When the shift lever is engaged in the neutral gear, the shifting driven gear 9 is disengaged from the power output shaft 12 at this time, and the engaging sleeve 29 on the shift lever is separated from the shifting driven gear 9 at this time, when the automobile is under the external force When advancing or reversing, only the two-way rotating shaft will be driven to rotate in the forward or reverse direction without affecting the one-way rotating shaft. Therefore, the ratchet mechanism disposed on the one-way rotating shaft does not affect the external force of the vehicle in the neutral position. Sliding under the action.
也就是使汽车的换挡杆真正控制了汽车的行驶方向，即汽车只能向挂入挡位的方向行驶。That is to say, the shift lever of the car actually controls the direction of travel of the car, that is, the car can only travel in the direction of the gear.
图3为本发明汽车坡道辅助起步装置实施施例二的结构示意图，如图3所示，汽车坡道辅助起步装置包括汽车传动***，利用固定有齿轮的单向转动轴上的齿轮作为棘轮二，并在该作为棘轮二的齿轮的相对应的固定位置处(该单向棘爪二一般设置在变速器的内壳上)通过铰链连接一个单向棘爪二24，使该齿轮与该单向棘爪二24配合构成棘轮机构，从而防止汽车在坡道起步时向起步的相反方向滑行，该传动***中的单向转动轴包括动力输入轴4和中间轴20，所述的单向转动轴上的齿轮为汽车传动***中的常啮合主动齿 轮7、常啮合从动齿轮8或换挡主动齿轮10。3 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of a vehicle ramp auxiliary starting device according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the vehicle ramp auxiliary starting device includes an automobile transmission system, and a gear on a one-way rotating shaft fixed with a gear is used as a ratchet. Second, and at a corresponding fixed position of the gear as the ratchet two (the one-way pawl 2 is generally disposed on the inner casing of the transmission), a one-way pawl 2 is connected by a hinge to make the gear and the single Cooperating with the pawl 2 24 to form a ratchet mechanism, thereby preventing the car from sliding in the opposite direction of the starting when the ramp starts, the one-way rotating shaft in the transmission system includes the power input shaft 4 and the intermediate shaft 20, the one-way rotation The gears on the shaft are the constant meshing active teeth in the automotive transmission system. The wheel 7, the permanent meshing gear 8 or the shifting drive gear 10.
该实施例二的原理与实施例一的原理一致，不同点在于本实施例利用了现有传动***中固定有齿轮的单向转动轴上的齿轮作为棘轮。The principle of the second embodiment is identical to the principle of the first embodiment, except that the present embodiment utilizes a gear on a one-way rotating shaft to which a gear is fixed in the conventional transmission system as a ratchet.
图4为本发明汽车坡道辅助起步装置实施例三的结构示意图，如图4所示，汽车坡道辅助起步装置包括汽车传动***，利用与固定有齿轮的单向转动轴上的齿轮相啮合的齿轮作为棘轮四，并在该作为棘轮四的齿轮的相对应的固定位置处通过铰链连接一个单向棘爪三25，使该齿轮与该单向棘爪三25配合构成棘轮机构，从而防止汽车在坡道起步时向起步的相反方向滑行，该传动***中的单向转动轴包括中间轴20，所述的与固定有齿轮的单向转动轴上的齿轮相啮合的齿轮为汽车传动***中的换挡从动齿轮9或倒档中间齿轮11。4 is a schematic structural view of a third embodiment of a vehicle ramp auxiliary starting device according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, the vehicle ramp auxiliary starting device includes an automobile transmission system, and meshes with a gear on a one-way rotating shaft fixed with a gear. The gear is used as a ratchet wheel 4, and a one-way pawl 35 is connected by a hinge at a corresponding fixed position of the gear of the ratchet wheel 4, so that the gear cooperates with the one-way pawl 35 to form a ratchet mechanism, thereby preventing The vehicle slides in the opposite direction of the start when the ramp starts, the one-way rotating shaft in the transmission system includes the intermediate shaft 20, and the gear that meshes with the gear on the fixed one-way rotating shaft of the gear is the automobile transmission system. The shifting driven gear 9 or the reverse intermediate gear 11 is in the middle.
该实施例三的原理与实施例一的原理一致，不同点在于本实施例利用了现有传动***中与固定有齿轮的单向转动轴上的齿轮相啮合的齿轮作为棘轮，按现有汽车传动原理，换挡从动齿轮9和倒档中间齿轮11与换挡主动齿轮10为常啮合状态，即选用换挡主动齿轮10为棘轮的原理与选用换挡从动齿轮9或倒档中间齿轮11为棘轮的原理一致，在实际安装单向棘爪三25时，要考虑到与倒档中间齿轮11啮合的换挡从动齿轮相对应棘爪三的安装方向与其他换挡从动齿轮或倒档中间齿轮相对应棘爪三安装方向相反。The principle of the third embodiment is consistent with the principle of the first embodiment. The difference is that the present embodiment utilizes a gear that meshes with a gear on a one-way rotating shaft to which a gear is fixed, as a ratchet, according to the existing automobile. According to the transmission principle, the shifting driven gear 9 and the reverse intermediate gear 11 and the shifting driving gear 10 are in a constantly meshing state, that is, the principle that the shifting driving gear 10 is selected as a ratchet and the shifting driven gear 9 or the reverse intermediate gear are selected. 11 is the principle of the ratchet. When the one-way pawl three 25 is actually installed, the shifting driven gear that meshes with the reverse intermediate gear 11 is considered to correspond to the mounting direction of the pawl three and other shifting driven gears or The reverse intermediate gear is opposite to the mounting direction of the pawl three.
图5为本发明汽车坡道辅助起步装置实施例四的结构示意图，图6为图5中棘轮三的轮齿A侧与可变向棘爪配合结构示意图，图7为图5中棘轮三的轮齿B侧与可变向棘爪配合结构示意图，图8为图5中汽车空挡时棘轮三与可变向棘爪分开时结构示意图，如图5-8所示，汽车坡道辅助起步装置包括汽车传动***，在传动***中的双向转动轴上安装棘轮三22，在该棘轮三22相对应的固定位置处(该固定位置可根据棘轮三22安装在双向转动轴上的不同位置而不同，包括变速器内、外壳、与万向节13和传动轴14对应的车架、主减速器15、半轴与轮毂18或差速器19位置对应的驱动桥16的内、外壳上)通过铰链安装一个可变向棘爪21，使该棘轮三22与该可变向棘爪21配合构成可变向棘轮机构，从而防止汽车在坡道起步时向起步的相反方向滑行，该传动***中的双向转动轴包括动力输出轴12、万向节13、传动轴14、主减速器15、半轴与轮毂18或差速器19，该棘轮三22通过键固定联接 在该双向转动轴上。5 is a schematic structural view of a fourth embodiment of a vehicle ramp auxiliary starting device according to the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a matching structure of a tooth A side of the ratchet wheel 3 and a variable direction pawl in FIG. 5, and FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the ratchet wheel of FIG. Schematic diagram of the cooperation between the gear B side and the variable impeller, FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ratchet 3 and the variable impeller when the vehicle is in neutral position in FIG. 5, as shown in FIG. 5-8, the vehicle ramp auxiliary starting device Including an automotive transmission system, a ratchet wheel 32 22 is mounted on the two-way rotating shaft in the transmission system at a fixed position corresponding to the ratchet wheel 32 22 (the fixed position may be different depending on the position at which the ratchet wheel 32 22 is mounted on the two-way rotating shaft , including the inside of the transmission, the outer casing, the frame corresponding to the universal joint 13 and the transmission shaft 14, the final drive 15, the half shaft and the hub 18 or the inner portion of the transaxle 16 corresponding to the position of the differential 19, through the hinge A variable impeller 21 is mounted to cooperate with the variable impeller 21 to form a variable ratchet mechanism, thereby preventing the car from sliding in the opposite direction of the start when the ramp starts, in the transmission system Two-way rotating shaft including power output 12, universal joint 13, propeller shaft 14, the main reduction gear 15, the hub axle 18 and the differential 19, the ratchet wheel 22 is keyed coupling three On the two-way rotating shaft.
其中可变向棘爪21是指利用换挡杆在挂入前进挡或倒档时通过机械传动方式或电磁传动方式控制该可变向棘爪21与该棘轮三22轮齿相对的两个面(如图6和7表述的轮齿A面和轮齿B面)分别啮合，换挡杆挂入空挡时通过机械传动方式或电磁式传动方式控制该可变向棘爪21与该棘轮三22分开(见图8)。The variable-direction pawl 21 refers to the two faces of the variable-direction pawl 21 and the ratchet wheel 32 22 by mechanical transmission or electromagnetic transmission when the shift lever is engaged in the forward gear or the reverse gear. (The tooth A side and the tooth B side shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 respectively mesh with each other, and the variable pitch pawl 21 and the ratchet wheel 32 are controlled by mechanical transmission or electromagnetic transmission when the shift lever is engaged in the neutral gear. Separate (see Figure 8).
具体实施过程，当发动机曲轴1正常转动，换挡杆挂入前进挡时，动力输出轴12(该动力输出轴12为双向转动轴的一部分)通过接合套29与换挡从动齿轮9中的一组齿轮连接(具体与哪一组齿轮连接根据实际汽车档位而定，但不会与倒档中间齿轮11相啮合的那组齿轮连接)，此时换挡杆通过机械传动方式或电磁传动方式控制可变向棘爪21与棘轮三22的轮齿A面啮合，见附图6，这时棘轮三22能够转动的方向是使汽车向前行驶的转动方向，而使汽车向后倒车的转动方向被可变向棘爪21阻止，也就是汽车只能向前行驶，不能向后倒车，利用到本实施例想解决的具体问题中，汽车在上坡道路上停车后(此时因离合器分离开发动机曲轴1没有与传动***的转动轴连接，汽车靠刹车不移动)，踩下离合器踏板，挂入前进挡欲向前起步时，松开刹车后汽车不会向后溜车。In a specific implementation process, when the engine crankshaft 1 rotates normally and the shift lever is engaged in the forward gear, the power output shaft 12 (the power output shaft 12 is a part of the bidirectional rotation shaft) passes through the engagement sleeve 29 and the shifting driven gear 9 A set of gear connections (specifically which set of gears are connected according to the actual vehicle gear, but not connected to the set of gears that mesh with the reverse intermediate gear 11), at which time the shift lever is mechanically driven or electromagnetically driven The mode control variable pitch pawl 21 meshes with the tooth A plane of the ratchet wheel 22, as shown in Fig. 6. At this time, the direction in which the ratchet wheel 32 22 can rotate is the direction of rotation for the car to travel forward, and the car is reversed backward. The direction of rotation is blocked by the variable pawl 21, that is, the car can only travel forward and cannot reverse backwards. In the specific problem that the embodiment wants to solve, the car is parked on the uphill road (at this time due to the clutch) The engine crankshaft 1 is not connected to the rotating shaft of the transmission system, the car does not move by the brakes, the clutch pedal is depressed, and the forward gear is pushed forward. When the brake is released, the car does not slip backward.
当发动机曲轴1正常转动，换挡杆挂入倒档时，动力输出轴12(该动力输出轴12为双向转动轴的一部分)通过接合套29与换挡从动齿轮9中与倒档中间齿轮11相啮合的那组齿轮连接，因经过一次倒档中间齿轮11后，使得动力输出轴12的转向与汽车向前行驶的转动方向相反，此时换挡杆通过机械传动方式或电磁传动方式控制可变向棘爪21与棘轮三22的轮齿B面啮合，见附图7，这时棘轮三22能够转动的方向是使汽车向后倒车的转动方向，而使汽车向前行驶的转动方向被可变向棘爪21阻止，也就是汽车只能向后倒车，不能向前行驶，利用到本实施例想解决的具体问题中时，汽车在下坡道路上停车后(此时因离合器分离开，发动机曲轴1没有与传动***的转动轴连接，汽车靠刹车不移动)，踩下离合器踏板，挂入倒挡欲向后倒车时，松开刹车后汽车不会向前滑行。When the engine crankshaft 1 rotates normally and the shift lever is engaged in the reverse gear, the power output shaft 12 (the power output shaft 12 is a part of the bidirectional rotation shaft) passes through the engagement sleeve 29 and the shifting driven gear 9 and the reverse intermediate gear The gears of the 11-phase meshing are connected, and after the reverse intermediate gear 11 is passed, the steering of the power output shaft 12 is opposite to the rotating direction of the vehicle, and the shift lever is controlled by mechanical transmission or electromagnetic transmission. The variable pawl 21 is meshed with the tooth B surface of the ratchet wheel 32, as shown in Fig. 7. At this time, the direction in which the ratchet wheel 32 22 can rotate is the direction of rotation for reversing the car backward, and the direction of rotation of the car forward. It is blocked by the variable pawl 21, that is, the car can only reverse backwards and cannot travel forward. When using the specific problem that the embodiment wants to solve, the car is parked on the downhill road (at this time, the clutch is separated. The engine crankshaft 1 is not connected to the rotating shaft of the transmission system, and the car does not move by the brake. When the clutch pedal is depressed and the reverse gear is engaged to reverse the vehicle, the car will not slide forward after the brake is released.
当换挡杆挂入空挡时，此时换挡从动齿轮9与动力输出轴12相脱离，换挡杆上的接合套29与换挡从动齿轮9分离，此时换挡杆通过机械传动方式或 电磁传动方式控制该可变向棘爪21与该棘轮三22分离，见附图8，当汽车在外力作用下前进或倒车时，只会带动双向转动轴作相应的正向或反向转动，因此设置在双向转动轴上的棘轮机构因棘爪与棘轮分开而不会影响在空挡时汽车在外力作用下的滑行。When the shift lever is engaged in the neutral gear, the shifting driven gear 9 is disengaged from the power output shaft 12 at this time, and the clutch sleeve 29 on the shift lever is separated from the shifting driven gear 9, and the shift lever is mechanically transmitted. Way or The electromagnetic transmission mode controls the variable pitch pawl 21 to be separated from the ratchet wheel 22, see FIG. 8. When the car advances or reverses under the action of an external force, only the two-way rotating shaft is driven to perform a corresponding forward or reverse rotation. Therefore, the ratchet mechanism disposed on the two-way rotating shaft is separated from the ratchet by the pawl without affecting the sliding of the automobile under the external force when the neutral is in the neutral position.
图9是本发明汽车坡道辅助起步装置实施例五的结构示意图，如图9所示，包括汽车传动***，利用固定有齿轮的双向转动轴上的齿轮作为棘轮五，并在该作为棘轮五的齿轮的相对应的固定位置处(该固定位置可包括主驱动桥16的壳体上)通过铰链连接一个可变向棘爪二26，使该齿轮与该可变向棘爪二26配合构成可变向棘轮机构，从而防止汽车在坡道起步时向起步的相反方向滑行，该固定有齿轮的双向转动轴上的齿轮包括主减速器15中的主动锥齿轮28或从动锥齿轮27。9 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 5 of the vehicle ramp auxiliary starting device of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 9, the vehicle transmission system includes a gear on a bidirectional rotating shaft fixed with a gear as a ratchet five, and is used as a ratchet five. The corresponding fixed position of the gear (which may include the housing of the main drive axle 16) is connected by a hinge to a variable-direction pawl 26, which is configured to cooperate with the variable-direction pawl 26 The ratchet mechanism is variable to prevent the car from sliding in the opposite direction of the start when the ramp starts, and the gear on the bidirectional rotating shaft of the fixed gear includes the driving bevel gear 28 or the driven bevel gear 27 in the final drive 15.
其中可变向棘爪二26是指利用换挡杆在挂入前进挡或倒档时通过机械传动方式或电磁传动方式控制可变向棘爪二26与棘轮五轮齿相对的两个面分别啮合，换挡杆挂入空挡时通过机械方式或电磁传动方式控制该可变向棘爪二26与该棘轮五分开。The variable pitch pawl 26 refers to the two faces of the variable pawl 26 and the ratchet five gear teeth respectively controlled by the mechanical transmission mode or the electromagnetic transmission mode when the shift lever is engaged in the forward gear or the reverse gear. When the shift lever is engaged in the neutral position, the variable pitch pawl 26 is controlled to be separated from the ratchet wheel 5 by mechanical or electromagnetic transmission.
本实施例五的原理与实施例四的原理一致，不同点在于本实施例利用固定有齿轮的双向转动轴上的齿轮作为棘轮。The principle of the fifth embodiment is identical to the principle of the fourth embodiment, except that the present embodiment utilizes a gear on a bidirectional rotating shaft to which a gear is fixed as a ratchet.
上述实施例只为本发明的其中五个比较具体的实施例，在前述的实施例中描述了本发明适用于汽车机械式传动***布置方案中的发动机前置后轮驱动方案，然而本发明还可适用于汽车机械式传动***布置方案中的发动机前置前轮驱动方案，发动机后置后轮驱动方案、发动机中置后轮驱动方案、全轮驱动方案及液力式传动***布置方案中的动液式传动***、静液式传动***和电力式传动***等的布置方案中，为减少汽车在正常行驶时棘爪与棘轮配合产生的噪音和磨损，在汽车正常行驶时采用现有技术的拉线式或电磁式开关让棘爪与棘轮分离，待汽车停止后再让棘爪与棘轮配合构成棘轮机构实现单向控制。The above embodiments are only five specific embodiments of the present invention. In the foregoing embodiments, the engine front and rear wheel drive schemes applicable to the automotive mechanical transmission system arrangement are described. However, the present invention also It can be applied to the engine front wheel drive scheme in the automotive mechanical transmission system layout scheme, the engine rear rear wheel drive scheme, the engine center rear wheel drive scheme, the all-wheel drive scheme and the hydraulic transmission system layout scheme. In the arrangement of the hydrodynamic transmission system, the hydrostatic transmission system and the electric transmission system, in order to reduce the noise and wear generated by the cooperation of the pawl and the ratchet during normal driving, the prior art is adopted when the vehicle is running normally. The pull-wire or electromagnetic switch separates the pawl from the ratchet. After the car stops, the pawl and the ratchet cooperate to form a ratchet mechanism for one-way control.
本发明与对比文件坡道起步辅助装置(CN203358563U)相比有以下优点：The present invention has the following advantages over the comparative document ramp start assisting device (CN203358563U):
一、本发明的辅助起步装置不需要其他制动器(对比文件中有制动鼓和制动蹄)，本发明就利用棘轮和棘爪实现制动；1. The auxiliary starting device of the present invention does not require other brakes (the brake drum and the brake shoe are included in the comparison document), and the present invention utilizes a ratchet and a pawl to achieve braking;
二、本发明安装范围大，且结构简单、成本低廉，本发明可安装在汽车 传动***的任一位置；Second, the invention has a large installation range, simple structure and low cost, and the invention can be installed in a car Any position of the drive train;
三、本发明的棘轮和棘爪结构不会对汽车的发动机主动驱动时产生额外的制动力，即不会出现汽车起步时因制动力太大而汽车无法起步的情况，而对比文件中的缺陷就是若制动蹄片用力过大，也就是刹车的力过大时，汽车将无法起步；3. The ratchet and pawl structure of the present invention does not generate additional braking force when the engine of the automobile is actively driven, that is, there is no possibility that the vehicle cannot start when the vehicle starts to be too strong, and the defect in the comparison document That is, if the brake shoe is too strong, that is, the brake force is too large, the car will not be able to start;
四、本发明能实现汽车在坡道中向前上坡或倒车上坡时的起步辅助。4. The invention can realize the starting assistance when the car goes uphill or reverses uphill in the ramp.
五、在对比文件中的技术方案中，当棘爪与制动器的拉线连接，拉紧所述拉线，所述棘爪与棘轮分开时，汽车处于制动状态不能运行；当松开所述拉线，所述拉线与所述棘轮配合时，汽车刹车松开且坡道辅助装置开启，汽车只能向前行驶，结果即是汽车在任何情况下都不能倒车，这是对比文件中重大缺陷。5. In the technical solution in the comparative document, when the pawl is connected with the pull wire of the brake, the pull wire is tightened, and when the pawl is separated from the ratchet, the automobile is in a braking state and cannot be operated; when the pull wire is released, When the pull wire is engaged with the ratchet, the brake of the car is released and the ramp assisting device is turned on, and the car can only travel forward, and the result is that the car cannot be reversed under any circumstances, which is a major defect in the comparison document.
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。 Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to be limiting; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that The technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or substitutions do not deviate from the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. range.

Claims (7)

  1. 一种汽车坡道辅助起步方法，其特征在于：该方法以现有汽车传动***的基本结构为基础，在靠近所述汽车传动***的一个传动齿轮旁设置棘爪，使所述棘爪与所述汽车传动***上的齿轮配合构成棘轮机构，从而阻止汽车在坡道起步时向起步的相反方向滑行；或者A vehicle ramp assisted starting method, characterized in that: the method is based on the basic structure of the existing automobile transmission system, and a pawl is arranged beside a transmission gear of the automobile transmission system, so that the pawl and the The gears on the automotive transmission system cooperate to form a ratchet mechanism, thereby preventing the car from sliding in the opposite direction of the start when the ramp starts; or
    在所述汽车传动***中的一个转动轴上安装棘轮，并在所述棘轮旁的固定位置处设置棘爪，使所述棘爪与所述棘轮配合构成棘轮机构，从而阻止汽车在坡道起步时向起步的相反方向滑行。Mounting a ratchet on a rotating shaft of the automobile transmission system, and providing a pawl at a fixed position beside the ratchet, so that the pawl cooperates with the ratchet to form a ratchet mechanism, thereby preventing the car from starting on the ramp Slid in the opposite direction of the start.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的汽车坡道辅助起步方法，其特征在于：所述转动轴为所述汽车传动***中的单向转动轴或双向转动轴；The vehicle ramp assisted starting method according to claim 1, wherein the rotating shaft is a one-way rotating shaft or a two-way rotating shaft in the automobile transmission system;
    当在所述汽车传动***中的单向转动轴上安装棘轮时，在所述棘轮相对应的固定位置处通过铰链连接一个单向棘爪，使所述棘轮与所述单向棘爪配合构成棘轮机构；或者利用固定有齿轮的单向转动轴上的齿轮作为棘轮，并在所述作为棘轮的齿轮的相对应的固定位置处通过铰链连接一个单向棘爪，使所述作为棘轮的齿轮与所述单向棘爪配合构成棘轮机构；或者利用与固定有齿轮的单向转动轴上的齿轮相啮合的齿轮作为棘轮，并在所述作为棘轮的齿轮的相对应的固定位置处通过铰链连接一个单向棘爪，使所述作为棘轮的齿轮与所述单向棘爪配合构成棘轮机构；When a ratchet is mounted on the one-way rotating shaft in the automobile transmission system, a one-way pawl is connected by a hinge at a fixed position corresponding to the ratchet, and the ratchet is matched with the one-way pawl a ratchet mechanism; or a gear on a one-way rotating shaft fixed with a gear as a ratchet, and a one-way pawl connected by a hinge at a corresponding fixed position of the gear as a ratchet, the gear as a ratchet Cooperating with the one-way pawl to form a ratchet mechanism; or using a gear that meshes with a gear on a one-way rotating shaft to which the gear is fixed as a ratchet, and passing the hinge at a corresponding fixed position of the gear as the ratchet Connecting a one-way pawl such that the gear as a ratchet cooperates with the one-way pawl to form a ratchet mechanism;
    当在所述汽车传动***中的双向转动轴上安装棘轮时，在所述棘轮相对应的固定位置处通过铰链安装一个可变向棘爪，使所述棘轮与所述可变向棘爪配合构成可变向棘轮机构；或者利用固定有齿轮的双向转动轴上的齿轮作为棘轮，并在所述作为棘轮的齿轮的相对应的固定位置处通过铰链连接一个可变向棘爪，使所述作为棘轮的齿轮与所述可变向棘爪配合构成可变向棘轮机构。When a ratchet is mounted on the two-way rotating shaft in the automotive transmission system, a variable-direction pawl is mounted by a hinge at a corresponding fixed position of the ratchet, and the ratchet is engaged with the variable-direction pawl Constructing a variable-direction ratchet mechanism; or using a gear on a bi-directional rotating shaft to which a gear is fixed as a ratchet, and connecting a variable-direction pawl by a hinge at a corresponding fixed position of the gear as a ratchet A gear as a ratchet cooperates with the variable pawl to form a variable ratchet mechanism.
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的汽车坡道辅助起步方法，其特征在于：所述可变向棘爪是指利用换挡杆在挂入前进挡或倒档时通过机械传动方式或电磁传动方式控制所述可变向棘爪与棘轮轮齿相对的两个面分别啮合，换挡杆挂入空挡时通过机械传动方式或电磁传动方式控制所述可变向棘爪与所述棘轮分开。The vehicle ramp assisted starting method according to claim 2, wherein the variable pitch pawl refers to a mechanical transmission mode or an electromagnetic transmission mode control when the shift lever is engaged in the forward gear or the reverse gear. The two faces of the variable pawl and the ratchet teeth are respectively engaged. When the shift lever is engaged in the neutral gear, the variable pawl is controlled to be separated from the ratchet by mechanical transmission or electromagnetic transmission.
  4. 一种汽车坡道辅助起步装置，包括汽车传动***，其特征在于：在靠 近汽车传动***的固定位置处设置一个棘爪，所述棘爪与安装在所述汽车传动***中的一个转动轴上的齿轮啮合，从而使所述棘爪与所述齿轮配合构成棘轮机构，从而防止汽车在坡道起步时向起步的相反方向滑行。A vehicle ramp auxiliary starting device, including an automobile transmission system, characterized in that: Providing a pawl at a fixed position of the vehicle transmission system, the pawl engaging with a gear mounted on a rotating shaft of the vehicle transmission system, thereby engaging the pawl with the gear to form a ratchet mechanism, This prevents the car from sliding in the opposite direction of the start when the ramp starts.
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的汽车坡道辅助起步装置，其特征在于：所述转动轴上的齿轮为所述汽车传动***中与转动轴位置固定的齿轮，或The vehicle ramp assisted starting device according to claim 4, wherein the gear on the rotating shaft is a gear fixed to the rotating shaft in the automobile transmission system, or
    所述转动轴上的齿轮为所述汽车传动***中与转动轴位置固定齿轮相啮合的齿轮，或a gear on the rotating shaft is a gear of the automobile transmission system that meshes with a fixed gear of a rotating shaft position, or
    所述转动轴上的齿轮为所述汽车传动***中单独安装在转动轴上的棘轮。The gear on the rotating shaft is a ratchet that is separately mounted on the rotating shaft in the automotive transmission system.
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的汽车坡道辅助起步装置，其特征在于：当所述齿轮为单向转动时，与所述单向转动齿轮啮合的棘爪为单向棘爪；The vehicle ramp assisted starting device according to claim 4, wherein when the gear is unidirectionally rotated, the pawl engaged with the one-way rotating gear is a one-way pawl;
    当所述齿轮为双向转动时，与所述齿轮啮合的棘爪为可变向棘爪。When the gear is rotated in both directions, the pawl that meshes with the gear is a variable-direction pawl.
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的汽车坡道辅助起步装置，其特征在于：所述可变向棘爪是指利用换挡杆在挂入前进挡或倒档时通过机械传动方式或电磁传动方式控制所述可变向棘爪与棘轮轮齿相对的两个面分别啮合，换挡杆挂入空挡时通过机械传动方式或电磁传动方式控制所述可变向棘爪与所述棘轮分开。 The vehicle ramp assisted starting device according to claim 6, wherein the variable pitch pawl refers to a mechanical transmission mode or an electromagnetic transmission mode control when the shift lever is engaged in the forward gear or the reverse gear. The two faces of the variable pawl and the ratchet teeth are respectively engaged. When the shift lever is engaged in the neutral gear, the variable pawl is controlled to be separated from the ratchet by mechanical transmission or electromagnetic transmission.
PCT/CN2015/084971 2014-08-08 2015-07-23 Automobile hill-start assisting method and device WO2016019807A1 (en)

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DE19834075A1 (en) * 1998-07-29 2000-02-03 Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen Brake for automatic transmission has two pawls with opposite action positioned on opposite sides of a ratchet gear
CN204140854U (en) * 2014-08-08 2015-02-04 廖伯云 A kind of car ramp start assisting device

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CN1032138A (en) * 1988-10-22 1989-04-05 梁助兴 Be convenient to the motor drive system of uphill starting
CN2059634U (en) * 1989-12-23 1990-07-25 魏庆 One-way brake for automobile
CN2242209Y (en) * 1995-02-14 1996-12-11 王万源 Automobile slope starting asistance means
DE19834075A1 (en) * 1998-07-29 2000-02-03 Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen Brake for automatic transmission has two pawls with opposite action positioned on opposite sides of a ratchet gear
CN204140854U (en) * 2014-08-08 2015-02-04 廖伯云 A kind of car ramp start assisting device

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