WO2016019747A1 - 一种车用绞盘自动刹车装置及方法 - Google Patents

一种车用绞盘自动刹车装置及方法 Download PDF

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WO2016019747A1
WO2016019747A1 PCT/CN2015/078842 CN2015078842W WO2016019747A1 WO 2016019747 A1 WO2016019747 A1 WO 2016019747A1 CN 2015078842 W CN2015078842 W CN 2015078842W WO 2016019747 A1 WO2016019747 A1 WO 2016019747A1
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Prior art keywords
brake
cone
shaft
winch
brake member
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PCT/CN2015/078842
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
胡宁宁
汤良道
李东旭
张三玖
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江苏师范大学
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Publication of WO2016019747A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016019747A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D5/00—Braking or detent devices characterised by application to lifting or hoisting gear, e.g. for controlling the lowering of loads
    • B66D5/02—Crane, lift hoist, or winch brakes operating on drums, barrels, or ropes
    • B66D5/06—Crane, lift hoist, or winch brakes operating on drums, barrels, or ropes with radial effect
    • B66D5/08—Crane, lift hoist, or winch brakes operating on drums, barrels, or ropes with radial effect embodying blocks or shoes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D5/00—Braking or detent devices characterised by application to lifting or hoisting gear, e.g. for controlling the lowering of loads
    • B66D5/02—Crane, lift hoist, or winch brakes operating on drums, barrels, or ropes
    • B66D5/12—Crane, lift hoist, or winch brakes operating on drums, barrels, or ropes with axial effect
    • B66D5/14—Crane, lift hoist, or winch brakes operating on drums, barrels, or ropes with axial effect embodying discs

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  • the invention relates to an automatic brake device and method, in particular to a vehicle brake automatic brake device and method suitable for various automobiles and yachts.
  • Automobile winches are mainly used in agricultural vehicles, off-road vehicles, yachts, ATV sports vehicles and other special vehicles. They are devices for self-protection and traction of vehicles and ships. It can carry out self-rescue in harsh environments such as snow, marshes, deserts, beaches, muddy mountain roads, and may perform operations such as clearing obstacles, hauling items, and installing facilities under other conditions. It is military, police, petroleum, hydrological, environmental protection, Safety devices indispensable for forestry, transportation, public security, border defense, fire fighting and other field sports. The winch brake ensures the safety of the winch, so the winch brake must be reliable.
  • Patent application No. CN200920115032 discloses a threaded cone drum tensioning winch brake device, which comprises a brake coupling, a transmission shaft, one end of the transmission shaft and the brake coupling are linked by a connecting sleeve, and the other end of the transmission shaft is provided with a gear.
  • the drive shaft is provided with a brake cone threadedly connected with the drive shaft, and a limit ring is arranged between the brake cone and the block, and one end of the inner wall of the limit ring is provided with a brake shoe that is coupled with the brake cone, and the other end of the limit ring is abutted Press on one side of the stop.
  • Automatic braking is performed by the method of cone drum tightening.
  • the brake can be realized, the brake shoe and the brake cone cannot be completely separated during the operation of the winch, and the brake surface generates a large amount of heat, which cannot be quickly dissipated in the closed spool. Out, resulting in the burning of nylon rope, greatly reducing the service life of the winch, resulting in safety hazards.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide an automatic brake device for a vehicle winch with simple structure, quick assembly, high brake reliability, low operating temperature and long service life.
  • the automatic brake device for a vehicle winch comprises a shaft cover and a brake shaft extending into the shaft cover at one end, the brake shaft extends into a screw clutch mechanism provided on one end of the shaft cover, and the screw clutch mechanism comprises a cone
  • the body brake member, the torsion spring and the lug disk the cone brake member is threaded on the brake shaft, the lug disk key is connected to the brake shaft, and the two ends of the torsion spring are respectively embedded in the cone brake member and the lug disk
  • the outer edge of the cone brake member and the lug disk are respectively provided with lugs which can overlap each other;
  • the cone brake member comprises a brake cone and a sintered metal friction material on the surface of the attached brake cone.
  • the other end of the brake shaft is provided with a single row tapered roller bearing, and the single row tapered roller bearing is provided with a brake cone sleeve which is wedged with the cone brake member, and the outer edge of the brake cone sleeve is provided with a winch
  • the inner ring of the reel engages the flower
  • the key shaft is provided with a limit shaft block for limiting the single row roller bearing.
  • An automatic brake method for a vehicle winch using the above device when the motor drive shaft rotates, the shaft cover connected to the motor drive shaft rotates clockwise, the shaft cover turns the cone brake member to rotate, and the cone brake member rotates
  • the torsion spring moves to the left
  • the lug on the dial cone brake member coincides with the lug of the lug disc
  • the cone brake member is separated from the brake cone sleeve
  • the brake shaft rotates to drive the reducer of the winch
  • the reducer drives The drum engaged with the spline of the brake cone sleeve rotates, and drives the brake cone sleeve to run at a low speed.
  • the structure of the invention is simple, the assembly is quick, the brake reliability is high, the working temperature is low, and the service life is long.
  • the invention solves the problems of the prior art that the automatic brake structure of the winch is complicated, the harmful friction during operation is high, the accumulated heat is high, and the temperature after the parking is high and the peripheral wire is burned out, which has the following advantages compared with the prior art:
  • the cone surface area of the cone brake member is large, which is beneficial to heat dissipation and also improves the reliability of the brake; the brake does not generate excessive heat when it contacts the brake hub during the movement of the winch, and the surface area of the tapered brake pad is large. Conducive to heat dissipation.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the structure of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a schematic exploded view of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention.
  • the automobile winch automatic brake device of the invention mainly comprises a shaft cover 1, a brake shaft 2, a shaft retaining spring 3, a lug disc 4, a torsion spring 5, a cone brake member 6, a brake cone sleeve 7, a single row taper roller
  • the sub-bearing 8 is formed by using the brake taper sleeve 7 to engage with the spline of the outer disc, the brake shaft 2, the lug disc 4, the torsion spring 5, and the cone brake member are composed of a screw clutch mechanism, and the screw shaft is driven by the brake shaft 2
  • the clutch mechanism achieves separation.
  • One end of the brake shaft 2 extends into the shaft cover 1.
  • the brake shaft 2 extends into a screw clutch mechanism provided on one end of the shaft cover 1.
  • the screw clutch mechanism includes a cone brake member 6, a torsion spring 5 and a lug.
  • the disc 4, the cone brake member 6 is screwed onto the brake shaft 2, the lug disc 4 and the cone brake member 6 are axially engaged with the brake shaft 2 through a spiral surface, and the lug disc 4 is keyed to the brake shaft 2,
  • the outer end surface is provided with a shaft retaining spring 3; two ends of the torsion spring 5 are respectively fitted in the grooves of the cone brake member 6 and the lug disc 4, and the outer surface of the cone brake member 6 and the lug disc 4
  • Two lugs that can be overlapped with each other are symmetrically arranged; the lugs are not coincident when not in operation, and are mounted at an angle to each other.
  • the cone brake member 6 comprises a brake cone and a sintered metal friction material on the surface of the attached brake cone, and the other end of the brake shaft 2 is provided with a single row tapered roller bearing 8 , and the single row tapered roller bearing 8 is provided a brake sleeve 7 which is wedged with the cone brake member 6.
  • the outer edge of the brake cone sleeve 7 is provided with a spline which engages with the ring gear of the winch drum, and the brake shaft 2 is provided with a pair
  • the single row roller bearing 8 performs a limit limiting shaft block.
  • the twisting between the lug disk 4 and the cone brake member 6 generates an axial force to push the cone brake member 6, and the cone brake member 6 is engaged with the brake cone sleeve 7 to generate a circumferential braking force for braking of the winch.
  • the automobile winch automatic braking method of the invention when the motor drive shaft rotates, the shaft cover 1 connected to the motor drive shaft rotates clockwise, the shaft cover 1 turns the cone brake member 6 to rotate, and the cone brake member 6 rotates and rotates.
  • the torsion spring 5 moves to the left, the lug on the dial cone brake member 6 coincides with the lug of the lug disc 4, the cone brake member 6 is completely separated from the brake cone sleeve 7, and the brake is released to make the winch operate normally. There is no friction in the brake mechanism during operation.
  • the brake shaft 2 rotates to drive the reducer of the winch, the reducer drives the drum that is engaged with the spline sleeve 7 to rotate, and drives the brake sleeve 7 to run at a low speed; when the motor drive shaft stops rotating, the cone brake member 6 Counterclockwise rotation and resetting under the action of the torsion spring 5, the cone brake member 6 moves to the right, wedges and holds with the low speed running brake cone sleeve 7, and the brake shaft 2 stops rotating, so that the winch stops rotating.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

一种车用绞盘自动刹车装置及方法，装置包括轴罩（1）、刹车轴（2），螺旋离合机构，螺旋离合机构包括锥体刹车件（6）、扭簧（5）及凸耳盘（4），刹车轴（2）上设有单列圆锥滚子轴承（8），单列圆锥滚子轴承（8）上设有与锥体刹车件（6）楔合在一起的制动锥套（7），制动锥套（7）的外缘上设有与绞盘卷筒内齿圈相啮合的花键。当电动机驱动轴转动时，轴罩（1）顺时针转动，拨转锥体刹车件（6）转动，挤压扭簧（5）向左移动，锥体刹车件（6）与制动锥套（7）分离；当电动机驱动轴停止转动时，锥体刹车件（6）在扭簧（5）的作用下逆时针转动复位，锥体刹车件（6）向右运动，与低速运转的制动锥套（7）楔合并抱紧，刹车轴（2）停止转动，从而起到刹车作用。其结构简单，易操作，装配快捷，刹车可靠性高，工作温度低，使用寿命长。

Description

一种车用绞盘自动刹车装置及方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种自动刹车装置及方法，尤其是一种适用于各种汽车、游艇的车用绞盘自动刹车装置及方法。
背景技术
汽车绞盘主要用于农用汽车、越野汽车、游艇、ATV运动车以及其它特别车辆，是车辆、船只自我保护及牵引的装置。可在雪地、沼泽、沙漠、海滩、泥泞山路等恶劣环境中进行车辆自救，并可能在其它条件下，进行清障、拖拉物品、安装设施等作业，是军警、石油、水文、环保、林业、交通、公安、边防、消防及其它野外运动不可缺少的安全装置。绞盘刹车时确保绞盘安全工作的关键，因此绞盘刹车必须可靠。
专利申请号为CN200920115032公开了一种螺纹锥鼓涨紧式绞盘刹车装置，包括刹车联轴器，传动轴，传动轴一端与刹车联轴器通过连接套实现联动，传动轴的另一端设有挡块，传动轴上设有与传动轴螺纹连接的刹车锥，刹车锥与挡块间设有限位环，限位环内壁的一端设有与刹车锥离合的闸瓦，限位环的另一端抵压在挡块的一侧面上。采用锥鼓涨紧的方式进行自动刹车，虽然能够实现刹车，但是由于绞盘在运行过程中，闸瓦与刹车锥不能完全分离，刹车面会产生大量的热，这些热量在密闭的线轴内无法快速散出，导致烧坏尼龙绳，大大降低了绞盘的使用寿命，从而造成安全隐患。
目前的绞盘刹车装置大多都是线轴内加装自动刹车装置，利用凸轮朝一个方向旋转来顶冲凸轮随行附件运动起到刹车作用。多数产品结构复杂，运行故障高，产生热量大寿命短。
发明内容
技术问题：本发明的目的是克服已有技术中的不足之处，提供一种结构简单、装配快捷、刹车可靠性高、工作温度低、使用寿命长的车用绞盘自动刹车装置。
技术方案：本发明的车用绞盘自动刹车装置，包括轴罩、一端伸入到轴罩内的刹车轴，刹车轴伸入轴罩一端上设有的螺旋离合机构，所述螺旋离合机构包括锥体刹车件、扭簧及凸耳盘，锥体刹车件螺纹连接在刹车轴上，凸耳盘键连接在刹车轴上，扭簧的两端分别嵌装在锥体刹车件与凸耳盘的凹槽内，锥体刹车件与凸耳盘的外缘上分别设有可相互重合在一起凸耳；所述的锥体刹车件包括刹车锥和附着的刹车锥表面上的烧结金属摩擦材料，所述的刹车轴另一端设有单列圆锥滚子轴承，单列圆锥滚子轴承上设有与锥体刹车件楔合在一起的制动锥套，制动锥套的外缘上设有与绞盘卷筒内齿圈相啮合的花 键，所述刹车轴上设有对单列滚子轴承进行限位的限位轴台。
.一种使用上述装置的车用绞盘自动刹车方法：当电动机驱动轴转动时，连接在电动机驱动轴上的轴罩顺时针转动，轴罩拨转锥体刹车件转动，锥体刹车件转动挤压扭簧向左移动，拨转锥体刹车件上的凸耳与凸耳盘的凸耳重合，锥体刹车件与制动锥套分离，刹车轴转动带动绞盘的减速器工作，减速器带动与制动锥套花键相啮合的滚筒转动，并带动制动锥套低速运转，当电动机驱动轴停止转动时，锥体刹车件在扭簧的作用下逆时针转动复位，锥体刹车件向右运动，与低速运转的制动锥套楔合并抱紧，刹车轴停止转动，从而使绞盘停止转动。
有益效果：由于采用了上述技术方案，本发明的结构较简单，装配快捷，刹车可靠性高，工作温度低，使用寿命长。解决了现有技术中绞盘自动刹车结构复杂、运行时有害摩擦较多累计热量高、停车后温度高烧坏***线绳的问题，其与现有技术相比具有如下优点：
(1)采用锥体刹车件与制动锥套卡紧，制动锥套与锥体刹车件之间为锥面接触，表面积大，摩擦力增大，制动可靠；同时采用制动锥套与绞盘卷筒键齿啮合，制动力损耗小，有效提升制动响应，全面提高绞盘的刹车性能；
(2)采用螺旋离合机构，结构简单，制造工艺性、装配性好，能适用动力下正反两个方向运转；
(3)刹车过程扭簧施加扭矩，使得制动更加平稳、震动小、噪音小、可靠性高；
(4)螺旋机构保证了制动的力传递非常可靠高，刹车在工作时，由于锥体刹车件与制动锥套分离，所以在工作工程中没有多余热量产生；
(5)锥体刹车件的锥面面积大，有利于散热同时也提高了刹车的可靠性；刹车在绞盘运动时不会与刹车毂接触不会产生多余的热量，并且锥形刹车片表面积大有利于散热。
附图说明
图1是本发明的结构剖视示意图；
图2是本发明去除轴罩的左视结构示意图；
图3是本发明的立体结构***示意图。
图1：1－轴罩，2－刹车轴，3－轴用卡簧，4－凸耳盘，5－扭簧，6－锥体刹车件，7－制动锥套，8－单列圆锥滚子轴承
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的一个实施例作进一步的描述：
本发明的车用绞盘自动刹车装置，主要由轴罩1、刹车轴2、轴用卡簧3、凸耳盘4、扭簧5、锥体刹车件6、制动锥套7、单列圆锥滚子轴承8构成，采用制动锥套7与外线盘花键啮合的方式，刹车轴2、凸耳盘4、扭簧5、锥体刹车件6件组成螺旋离合机构，通过刹车轴2驱动螺旋离合机构实现分离。所述的刹车轴2一端伸入到轴罩1内，刹车轴2伸入轴罩1一端上设有的螺旋离合机构，所述螺旋离合机构包括锥体刹车件6、扭簧5及凸耳盘4，锥体刹车件6螺纹连接在刹车轴2上，凸耳盘4与锥体刹车件6通过螺旋面与刹车轴2轴向啮合，凸耳盘4键连接在刹车轴2上，其外端面上设有轴用卡簧3；扭簧5的两端分别嵌装在锥体刹车件6与凸耳盘4的凹槽内，锥体刹车件6与凸耳盘4的外缘上分别对称设有可相互重合在一起的两个凸耳；凸耳在不工作的时候是不重合的，彼此有角度安装。所述的锥体刹车件6包括刹车锥和附着的刹车锥表面上的烧结金属摩擦材料，所述的刹车轴2另一端设有单列圆锥滚子轴承8，单列圆锥滚子轴承8上设有与锥体刹车件6楔合在一起的制动锥套7，制动锥套7的外缘上设有与绞盘卷筒内齿圈相啮合的花键，所述刹车轴2上设有对单列滚子轴承8进行限位的限位轴台。凸耳盘4与锥体刹车件6之间的扭动产生轴向力推动锥体刹车件6，锥体刹车件6与制动锥套7贴合产生圆周刹车力实现绞盘的制动。
本发明的车用绞盘自动刹车方法：当电动机驱动轴转动时，连接在电动机驱动轴上的轴罩1顺时针转动，轴罩1拨转锥体刹车件6转动，锥体刹车件6转动挤压扭簧5向左移动，拨转锥体刹车件6上的凸耳与凸耳盘4的凸耳重合，锥体刹车件6与制动锥套7完全分离，释放刹车使绞盘正常运转，运转过程中刹车机构没有摩擦。刹车轴2转动带动绞盘的减速器工作，减速器带动与制动锥套7花键相啮合的滚筒转动，并带动制动锥套7低速运转；当电动机驱动轴停止转动时，锥体刹车件6在扭簧5的作用下逆时针转动复位，锥体刹车件6向右运动，与低速运转的制动锥套7楔合并抱紧，刹车轴2停止转动，从而使绞盘停止转动。

Claims (2)

  1. 一种车用绞盘自动刹车装置，包括轴罩(1)、一端伸入到轴罩(1)内的刹车轴(2)，刹车轴(2)伸入轴罩(1)一端上设有的螺旋离合机构，所述螺旋离合机构包括锥体刹车件(6)、扭簧(5)及凸耳盘(4)，锥体刹车件(6)螺纹连接在刹车轴(2)上，凸耳盘(4)键连接在刹车轴(2)上，扭簧(5)的两端分别嵌装在锥体刹车件(6)与凸耳盘(4)的凹槽内，锥体刹车件(6)与凸耳盘(4)的外缘上分别设有可相互重合在一起凸耳；所述的锥体刹车件(6)包括刹车锥和附着的刹车锥表面上的烧结金属摩擦材料，其特征在于：所述的刹车轴(2)另一端设有单列圆锥滚子轴承(8)，单列圆锥滚子轴承(8)上设有与锥体刹车件(6)楔合在一起的制动锥套(7)，制动锥套(7)的外缘上设有与绞盘卷筒内齿圈相啮合的花键，所述刹车轴(2)上设有对单列滚子轴承(8)进行限位的限位轴台。
  2. 一种使用利要求1所述装置的车用绞盘自动刹车方法，其特征在于：当电动机驱动轴转动时，连接在电动机驱动轴上的轴罩(1)顺时针转动，轴罩(1)拨转锥体刹车件(6)转动，锥体刹车件(6)转动挤压扭簧(5)向左移动，拨转锥体刹车件(6)上的凸耳与凸耳盘(4)的凸耳重合，锥体刹车件(6)与制动锥套(7)分离，刹车轴(2)转动带动绞盘的减速器工作，减速器带动与制动锥套(7)花键相啮合的滚筒转动，并带动制动锥套(7)低速运转，当电动机驱动轴停止转动时，锥体刹车件(6)在扭簧(5)的作用下逆时针转动复位，锥体刹车件(6)向右运动，与低速运转的制动锥套(7)楔合并抱紧，刹车轴(2)停止转动，从而使绞盘停止转动。
PCT/CN2015/078842 2014-08-07 2015-05-13 一种车用绞盘自动刹车装置及方法 WO2016019747A1 (zh)

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