WO2016000524A1 - Multidirectional-die composite extrusion hydraulic press - Google Patents
Multidirectional-die composite extrusion hydraulic press Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016000524A1 WO2016000524A1 PCT/CN2015/081591 CN2015081591W WO2016000524A1 WO 2016000524 A1 WO2016000524 A1 WO 2016000524A1 CN 2015081591 W CN2015081591 W CN 2015081591W WO 2016000524 A1 WO2016000524 A1 WO 2016000524A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/21—Presses specially adapted for extruding metal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
- B30B15/04—Frames; Guides
Definitions
- the invention relates to a multi-directional composite extrusion hydraulic press, in particular to a multi-directional composite extrusion hydraulic press with a bidirectional prestressed load-bearing frame.
- the load-bearing frame is the most important part of the hydraulic machine body, so the load-bearing frame must have sufficient strength and rigidity to meet the performance requirements and economy of different manufacturing processes.
- the structural design of the existing hydraulic machine's load-bearing frame still has no major breakthrough, the shape is the same, the function is single, the performance is low, and the application range of the process is limited.
- the vertical load-bearing frame of the traditional “three-beam four-column” hydraulic press can only withstand the vertical working load, and is used for vertical forming processes such as forging, extrusion, stamping and pressing of materials depending on different applications;
- the horizontal load-bearing frame of the traditional "three-beam four-column” hydraulic press can only withstand the horizontal working load, mainly used for the horizontal extrusion process of materials;
- the traditional multi-directional forging hydraulic press's load-bearing frame is also simple
- the ground frame is assembled with a horizontal frame for multi-directional die forging process, but since the two frames are independent, the vertical and horizontal working load forces are mutually external, and the force system cannot be combined.
- the operation of the movable beam of the traditional hydraulic machine is guided by the guide sliding surface provided by the column.
- the so-called "X" guiding surface is in the same plane with the same angle, and the guiding length of the movable beam is similar to its stroke. Under the working load, due to the lateral bending deformation of the column, it is easy to deflect the movable beam whose original guiding length is short, and the guiding precision is not guaranteed.
- the existing multi-directional forging hydraulic press has a cylinder shaft number of 3-5 axes, and the horizontal working cylinders are all single-axis, and the capacity is low, and the formed product has a small weight, and only a single horizontal split molding can be performed, and the limitation is limited.
- the present invention is directed to the defects of the multi-directional forging hydraulic press working cylinder in the prior art, and provides a work.
- the cylinder has a 7-axis multi-directional composite extrusion hydraulic press.
- Multi-directional composite extrusion hydraulic press comprising combined bidirectional prestressed load-bearing frame, combined double "X" type composite guide frame, upper vertical main working cylinder, upper vertical perforated cylinder, left horizontal main working cylinder, right horizontal Main working cylinder, left horizontal perforated cylinder, right horizontal perforated cylinder and lower vertical perforated or ejected cylinder,
- the combined bidirectional prestressed load-bearing frame comprises two vertical pillar beams of the same size and bilateral symmetry, horizontal upper beams and horizontal lower beams respectively supported at the top and bottom of the vertical pillar beams, and vertical prestressed rods
- the vertical pillar beam comprises two equal-strength beams and sleeves, and the two equal-strength beams are laterally coupled by the sleeve, the equal-strength beam has a rectangular cross section, the inner side is a plane, and the outer side has a a protruding portion; a cross-sectional area of the portion of the equal-strength beam above the protruding portion gradually increases from the top to the bottom, and a cross-sectional area of the portion of the equal-intensity beam below the protruding portion gradually increases from the top to the bottom Reducing that the sleeve and its axis are horizontally located between two equal-strength beams, and the horizontal upper beam, the vertical column beam and
- the combined double "X" type composite guide frame comprises two guiding bodies and movable beams having the same size and symmetrical structure, the guiding side of the guiding body has a convex portion, and the upper sides of the protruding portion are symmetric on both sides a first guiding surface is disposed, and a second guiding surface is symmetrically disposed on both sides of the lower portion of the protruding portion, and an extension line of the first guiding surface and the second guiding surface passes through a center of the combined bidirectional prestressing bearing frame
- the upper ends of the two guiding bodies are fixedly coupled by a prestressed tie rod, and the lower portions of the two guiding bodies are fixedly coupled with the movable beam;
- the upper portion of the vertical pillar beam is symmetrically disposed with a guiding surface corresponding to the first guiding surface, and the horizontal upper beam is disposed with a guiding surface corresponding to the second guiding surface and located directly above the vertical pillar beam;
- the upper vertical master cylinder is disposed in the horizontal upper beam
- the left horizontal master cylinder is disposed in a sleeve of one of the vertical pillar beams
- the right horizontal master cylinder is disposed in another of the vertical In the sleeve of the column beam
- the lower vertical perforating or ejection cylinder is disposed in the horizontal lower beam
- the upper vertical perforating cylinder is disposed in the upper vertical main working cylinder
- the left horizontal perforating cylinder is disposed in In the left horizontal main working cylinder
- the right horizontal perforating cylinder is disposed in the right horizontal main working cylinder.
- the horizontal upper beam and the horizontal lower beam are convex equal-strength beams, and the protruding body of the horizontal upper beam is opposite to the protruding body of the horizontal lower beam, and two of the horizontal upper beams are The shoulder planes respectively meet the top ends of the two vertical pillar beams, and the two shoulder planes of the horizontal lower beam respectively meet the bottom ends of the two vertical pillar beams, the horizontal upper beam
- the two sides of the protruding body are respectively in contact with the top inner side surfaces of the two vertical pillar beams
- the two sides of the protruding body of the horizontal lower beam are respectively in contact with the bottom inner side surfaces of the two vertical pillar beams.
- the bottom horizontal prestressed rod device and the top horizontal prestressed rod device two The bottom of the vertical pillar beam and the protrusion of the horizontal lower beam are pre-tightened by the bottom horizontal prestressed rod device, and the tops of the two vertical pillar beams and the protrusion of the horizontal upper beam pass
- the top horizontal prestressed drawbar device is pre-tensioned and subjected to horizontal working loads.
- a top end of the vertical pillar beam is keyed to a shoulder plane of the horizontal upper beam, and a bottom end of the vertical pillar beam is keyed to a shoulder plane of the horizontal lower beam.
- the vertical prestressed rod device comprises a plurality of thin rods having a diameter of 160 to 280 mm.
- the invention abandons the traditional design method using a single thick tie rod, not only for the needs of a compact structure design, but the performance of a plurality of thin tie rods is much greater than that of using only one thick tie rod, and a small hydraulic preload can be used. Cylinders, each of which is pre-tensioned.
- the bottom horizontal prestressed rod device and/or the top horizontal prestressed rod device each include a plurality of thin rods having a diameter of 160 to 280 mm.
- the invention abandons the traditional design method using a single thick tie rod, not only for the needs of a compact structure design, but the performance of a plurality of thin tie rods is much greater than that of using only one thick tie rod, and a small hydraulic preload can be used. Cylinders, each of which is pre-tensioned.
- a guide plate is disposed on the guide surface corresponding to the first guiding surface and the second guiding surface.
- an angle between two of the first guiding surfaces in the same guiding body is 60°-100°
- an angle between two of the second guiding surfaces in the same guiding body is 60°-100°
- the angle between the two first guiding surfaces in the same guiding body is different from the angle between the two second guiding surfaces.
- the lower portions of the two guiding bodies are fixedly coupled to the movable beam by a cross key and a screw.
- the multi-directional composite extrusion hydraulic press of the present invention adopts a novel combined bidirectional prestressed load-bearing frame and a combined double "X"-type composite guide frame.
- the combined two-way prestressed load-bearing frame includes a horizontal upper beam, a horizontal lower beam, and two vertical column beams.
- Vertical working cylinders are arranged in the horizontal upper beam and the horizontal lower beam.
- Each equal-strength vertical column beam includes two equal-strength beams, and the two equal-strength beams are laterally coupled by a sleeve to install a horizontal working cylinder and allow to withstand horizontal working loads.
- the combined double "X" type composite guide frame comprises two sets of guiding bodies, the guiding side of the guiding body has a convex part, the upper part of the convex part is symmetrically arranged with the first guiding surface, and the lower part of the lower side is symmetrically arranged with the second guiding
- the extension lines of the first guiding surface and the second guiding surface pass through the center of the combined bidirectional prestressing bearing frame.
- the combined two-way prestressed load-bearing frame and the double "X"-type composite guide frame make the multi-directional composite extrusion hydraulic press of the invention have safe and reliable bearing capacity and running precision, and the number of control axes of the working cylinder reaches 7 axes. In order to obtain a wider range of production process uses.
- Figure 1 is a plan view of the combined carrier frame
- Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of the combined carrier frame
- Figure 3 is a side view of the vertical column beam
- Figure 4 is a plan view of the vertical column beam
- Figure 5 is a plan view of the horizontal upper beam
- Figure 6 is a plan view of the horizontal lower beam
- Figure 7 is a side view of the guiding system
- Figure 8 is a plan view of the guide body
- Figure 9 is a schematic view showing the structure of a multi-directional composite extrusion hydraulic press.
- the multi-directional composite extrusion hydraulic press of the present invention comprises a combined bidirectional prestressed load-bearing frame, a combined double "X" type composite guiding system, an upper vertical main working cylinder 9, and an upper Vertical perforated cylinder 10, left horizontal main working cylinder 121, right horizontal main working cylinder 122, left horizontal perforated cylinder 131, right horizontal perforated cylinder 132 and lower vertical perforating or ejection cylinder 16.
- Combined bidirectional prestressed load-bearing frame including horizontal lower beam 1, two vertical column beams 2; 4, horizontal upper beam 6, vertical prestressed rod device 71, bottom horizontal prestressed rod device 72, and top horizontal prestressed rod Device 73.
- the combined double "X" type composite guiding system comprises a movable beam 3 and two guiding bodies 51 having the same size and structure; 52.
- the beam of the existing hydraulic machine is generally a contour beam, that is, the height dimension of any vertical section of the beam is equal.
- the bearing surface of the upper beam that is, the plane for supporting the column and mounting the working cylinder, is in the same plane
- the bearing surface of the lower beam that is, the plane for supporting the column and mounting the working table, is also in the same plane.
- Some non-equal height upper beam non-bearing surfaces are upwardly convex, and non-equal height lower beam non-bearing surfaces are convex downward.
- the beam of the hydraulic machine of the present invention is a convex equal-strength beam, which is different from the structure of the beam of any existing hydraulic machine.
- the "convex" type horizontal upper beam 6 and the “convex” type horizontal lower beam 1 are exactly opposite to the conventional concept.
- the upper dimensions of the beams in the height direction are not equal, and the bearing planes of the beams are not in the same plane, but the stress distribution of the beams is balanced.
- the potential of the material is fully utilized; the bearing surface of the horizontal upper beam 6 mounting cylinder is convex downward, so that the bearing surface of the horizontal lower beam 1 mounting table protrudes upward.
- the distance between the two horizontal planes of the horizontal upper beam 6 and the convex body of the horizontal lower beam 1 constitutes the vertical opening H of the frame window, and the two vertical faces of the convex body determine the horizontal inner clearance of the frame window. W, the material between the two vertical faces plays the role of the upper and lower horizontal columns.
- the horizontal lower beam 1 of the present invention is an upwardly convex "convex" type equal-strength beam structure, the upper plane of the convex body is used for mounting the workbench, and the two shoulder planes are used for supporting two vertical column beams 2; The two planes are not in the same plane.
- the vertical faces on both sides of the protrusion are two vertical column beams 2; the inner side of the bottom of the 4 provides horizontal "X" axis positioning Benchmark, and the protrusion is used as the lower horizontal column, and the horizontal horizontal prestressing rod device 72 is used to pre-tighten the bottom of the two vertical column beams 2; 4 and the convex body of the horizontal lower beam 1 into a horizontal prestress.
- two shoulder planes are designed with two sets of rectangular keyways and inlaid with positioning keys, which can provide the front and rear horizontal "Y" axis positioning reference for the bottom of the two vertical column beams 2; 4; the two shoulder planes are The bottoms of the two vertical column beams 2; 4 provide a vertical "Z" axis positioning reference and are subjected to a vertical prestressed tie rod device 71 to pretension the two vertical column beams 2; 4 with the horizontal upper beam 6 and the horizontal lower beam 1
- the vertical pre-stress action is integrated; the lower working cylinder can be installed in the horizontal lower beam 1 according to the ejection force, the lower punching force and the hydraulic cushion force required for different process objects.
- the horizontal upper beam 6 is an inverted "convex" beam structure protruding downward, the lower plane of the inverted convex body is used for installing the main working cylinder, and the two inverted shoulder planes are for supporting two vertical column beams 2; These two planes are not in the same plane.
- the two vertical faces of the inverted convex body are two vertical column beams 2; the inner side of the top of the 4 provides the left and right horizontal "X" axis positioning reference, and the inverted convex body is used as the upper horizontal column to withstand the horizontal horizontal prestressing
- the tie rod device 73 pre-tightens the top of the two vertical pillar beams 2; 4 and the inverted convex body of the horizontal upper beam 6 into a horizontal pre-stress; two sets of rectangular keyways and inlays are designed on the two inverted shoulder planes
- the columns of the existing hydraulic press are mostly independent of four solid or hollow circular or rectangular structures, or a multi-layered plate structure, or a frame-shaped box structure. Their common feature is that they are only used as a column function to support compressive stress (for prestressed structures) or tensile stress between upper and lower beams (for vertical hydraulic machines) or front and rear beams (for horizontal hydraulic machines) (for non-pre- Stress structure), can not withstand horizontal or lateral working loads.
- Some integral multi-layer plate type or integral plate-frame hydraulic machine although it is allowed to install a flange-supported working cylinder in the horizontal direction of the column portion, due to the constraint of the type structure, the horizontal working load can be withheld only 1/5 of the vertical direction.
- the special vertical column beam 2; 4 of the present invention is different from the structure of the column of any of the existing hydraulic machines.
- Two vertical column beams 2; 4, which are asymmetric arch structures from the front, are asymmetric "H" structures from the side.
- the vertical pillar beam 2; 4 comprises two equal-strength beams and sleeves, and the two equal-strength beams are laterally coupled by a sleeve.
- the equal-strength beam has a rectangular cross section, a plane on the inner side and a protrusion on the outer side.
- the cross-sectional area of the portion of the equal-strength beam above the protrusion gradually increases from the top to the bottom, and the cross-sectional area of the portion of the equal-strength beam below the protrusion gradually decreases from the top to the bottom, and the sleeve and its axis are horizontal.
- the orientation is between two equal strength beams.
- a vertical column function As a vertical column function, it is a hollow rectangular cross section at the full height; the four bottom ends and four top ends of the two vertical column beams 2; 4 are supported on the two shoulder planes and levels of the horizontal lower beam 1 Between the two shoulder planes of the beam 6, it is pre-tensioned with the horizontal upper beam 6 and the horizontal lower beam 1 by the vertical prestressed rod device 71, subjected to the vertical prestressing action, and the angle under the working load.
- the horizontal force of the movable beam reaction force under bending moment and eccentric load; the bottom end and the top horizontal surface of the two vertical column beams 2; 4 are designed with two sets of rectangular keyways and inlaid with positioning keys, which will be horizontally horizontally beamed 6
- the horizontal lower beam 1 and the vertical column beam 2; 4 are firmly embedded together, and serve as a "Y" axis positioning reference for the upper and lower horizontal beams 6 and 1 in the front and rear horizontal directions.
- two vertical column beams 2; 4 are hollow variable section arch beam structures, with four top and four bottom inner sides of two vertical column beams and horizontal upper and lower beams 6 and 1 as horizontal columns, respectively.
- the two vertical faces of the projection are fitted together, and the ends and bottoms of the vertical column beams are pre-tightened with the bosses of the horizontal upper and lower beams 6 and 1 by the bottom horizontal prestressed tie rod devices 72 and 73, respectively;
- the middle part between the vertical pillar beams is laterally connected by a circular or rectangular cylinder 21 for mounting a horizontal working cylinder supported by the bottom of the cylinder and is allowed to withstand a large horizontal working load; according to different horizontal nominal forces and
- the number of cylinders can be a single-acting hydraulic cylinder, or a double-acting double-acting hydraulic cylinder, or two or more hydraulic cylinders.
- Hydraulic press in the form of traditional tension column, integral multi-layer plate or integral plate-frame hydraulic machine, their common feature is that the frame is non-prestressed structure, which is subjected to one-way large-value alternating stress during operation and low fatigue resistance.
- Some hydraulic presses use a prestressed structure, but most of them are vertical vertical hydraulic machines, or horizontally oriented horizontal hydraulic machines with one-way prestressed structures; some have a vertical prestressed frame with one lying
- the prestressed frames are combined to form a multi-directional forging hydraulic press, but the frame and the mold are frequently damaged due to the fact that the force system cannot be closed.
- the horizontal working load that can be withstood is only 1/3 of the vertical direction.
- the vertical and horizontal bidirectional full prestressing system of the present invention is different from the prestressing mode of any of the existing hydraulic machines.
- the vertical and horizontal bidirectional full prestressing system, the vertical prestressed rod device 71, the bottom horizontal prestressed rod device 72 and the top horizontal prestressed rod device 73 have a diameter of 160 to 280 mm, according to the design preload and
- the pre-tightening method generates pre-tensioning tension on the entire length of the tie rod by pre-tightening the nut, and applies pre-tightening pressure to the horizontal upper beam 6, the horizontal lower beam 1 and the two vertical column beams 2; 4, thereby horizontally the upper beam 6 and
- the horizontal lower beam 1 and the two vertical column beams 2; 4 are tightly consolidated in a vertical direction and a horizontal direction, respectively, to form a vertical and horizontal bidirectional full prestressed load-bearing frame.
- the number and distribution of the tie rods in the vertical prestressed rod device 71, the bottom horizontal prestressed rod device 72 and the top horizontal prestressed rod device 73 are determined, and the tie rod nut is determined according to the stress level of each beam. Under the thickness of the pad.
- Prestressed design Design adjust and set the prestress of the tie rod according to the maximum working load force and the maximum allowable eccentricity.
- the pre-tightening coefficient is 1.5, that is, the pre-tightening force is 1.5 times of the working load; the cross-sectional dimensions of the horizontal upper beam 6 and the horizontal lower beam 1 and the two vertical column beams 2; 4 are the same, and the height direction of the beam is compressed.
- the deformation is not negligible, and the calculated size of the compressed member should include the corresponding height dimension of the horizontal upper beam 6, the horizontal lower beam 1 and the two vertical column beams 2;
- the force of the entire frame, whether it is vertical or horizontal, is an internal force balance system, and the load force is not transmitted to the foundation, ensuring the safety and reliability of the two-way bearing of the rack.
- the invention abandons the traditional design method using a single thick tie rod, not only for the needs of compact structural design, but the superiority of multiple thin draw rods is much greater than that of using only one thick draw rod: a smaller hydraulic preload can be used Tightening cylinders, respectively pre-tightening each tie rod; according to the cross-sectional shape of the hollow column, the multiple tie rods are symmetrically and evenly arranged, and the force is balanced; the machining error of the root of the pull rod thread is small, and the bending stress is less affected; due to the small cross-sectional area, the material structure The heat treatment performance is uniform, and the mechanical properties of the material can be fully utilized; the manufacturing and installation are convenient.
- the combined double "X" type composite guiding system of the present invention is different from the guiding mode of any of the existing hydraulic machines, and includes two guiding bodies 51 of the same size and symmetrical structure. ;52.
- the specific structure of the guiding body is: the guiding body 51; 52 has a convex portion on the guiding side, two first guiding surfaces are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the upper portion of the protruding portion, and two sides are symmetrically disposed on the lower sides of the protruding portion
- the two guiding surfaces, the first guiding surface and the second guiding surface extending the line through the center of the combined bidirectional prestressed bearing frame, the two guiding bodies 51; 52 upper end is fixedly coupled by a prestressed tie rod, two guiding bodies 51;
- the lower part of 52 is fixedly connected to the movable beam 3 by a cross key and a screw;
- the two sets of upper horizontal tie rod devices 81 comprise high-strength tie rods, which are integrally pre-stressed by two pre-stresses of the two upper guide beams 51; 52; the lower portions of the two guide bodies 51; 52 are passed through the horizontal screw 82 and the cross key
- the vertical guide body is laterally consolidated with the movable cross member 3.
- the upper beam guide plate of the guide body 51; 52 is guided by the wear-resistant guide plate at the non-deformation zone I mounted on the horizontal upper beam 6, and the middle and lower vertical guide plates are supported by the micro-deformation zone mounted on the left and right vertical column beams 4 and 2.
- the wear-resistant guide slide is guided at II; the extension lines of the upper and lower guide faces pass through the center of the support frame, and the angle ⁇ between the two first guide faces of the same guide body 51; 52 is 60°-100°, At the same time, the angle ⁇ between the two second guiding surfaces of the same guiding body 51; 52 is 60°-100°, the angle between the two first guiding surfaces of the same guiding body 51; 52 and the two second The angle between the guide faces is different. It forms a double "X" type composite guiding system; the length of the guiding body is three times its stroke, which provides a strong, rigid and low contact stress plane guide for the movable beam.
- the above-mentioned combined bidirectional prestressed load-bearing frame adopts the computer three-dimensional finite element analysis software contact problem analysis method to optimize the overall structure of the frame, so that the deformation and stress of the frame are accurately solved, and the working process is predicted.
- the stress state of the structure and its deformation trend optimize the structure of the force frame, determine its geometrical dimensions under the optimal strength and stiffness, and make the material properly distributed to give full play to the potential of the materials used.
- Theoretical analysis shows that the frame structure has high overall rigidity, fatigue resistance, load carrying capacity and safety reliability. After the frame is pre-tightened, there is no seam, no need to repeatedly tighten the outer nut, and the tie rod will never wear. During operation, the column is subjected to compressive and bending stresses, and the tie rod is subjected to tensile stress. The maximum and minimum tensile stress changes are only 15% of the maximum load stress. There is no column breakage accident during the life cycle of the whole machine, and the service life of each component is prolonged, which greatly reduces equipment maintenance cost and life cycle cost.
- the existing multi-directional forging hydraulic press has a cylinder shaft of 3-5 axes, and the horizontal working cylinders are all single-axis, and the capacity is low.
- the formed product has a small weight and can only be subjected to a single horizontal split molding. , limits the range of process applications for multi-directional die forging.
- the multi-directional composite extrusion hydraulic press of the present invention is different from any of the conventional multi-directional forging hydraulic presses.
- the multi-directional mold composite extrusion cylinder has a number of shafts of 7 axes, a combined two-way prestressed load-bearing frame and a combined double "X"-type composite guide frame as carriers for installing hydraulic cylinders, work tables, molds, and the like, and Subject to full working load, it forms the body part of a multi-directional composite precision extrusion hydraulic press.
- the ejector cylinders 16 are respectively driven as independent CNC hydraulic cylinders, which are respectively driven by hydraulic numerical control devices, and constitute a hydraulic numerical control closed-loop servo control and synchronous control system; wherein the upper vertical main working cylinder 9 is disposed in the horizontal upper cross beam 6, left horizontal
- the main working cylinder 121 is disposed in a sleeve of a vertical column beam 2; 4, the right horizontal main working cylinder 122 is disposed in the sleeve of the other vertical column beam 2; 4, and the lower vertical perforating or ejection cylinder 16 is disposed at the level In the lower cross member 1, the upper vertical perforated cylinder 10 is disposed in the upper vertical main working cylinder 9, the left
- the logic action is controlled by the PLC system.
- the speed, displacement and pressure of each cylinder axis are programmed by HNC.
- the vertical loading of the spindle, the loading of the left horizontal axis and the loading of the right horizontal axis are performed.
- more than five types of loading modes can be combined, and two types of split mode, vertical splitting and horizontal splitting, can be completed according to the conditions of the process parting surface.
- An embodiment of the present invention is to develop a seven-axis CNC multi-directional mode compounding compound with a total deformation capacity of 350 MN.
- the hydraulic performance of the dense extrusion forming hydraulic machine is shown in Table 1.
- the strength, rigidity and guiding accuracy of the load-bearing frame enable the hydraulic press to achieve the following properties:
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Abstract
A multidirectional-die composite extrusion hydraulic press adopts a combined-type bidirectional pre-stress bearing rack and a combined-type double-X-type composite guide frame. The combined-type bearing rack comprises an upper horizontal beam (6), a lower horizontal beam (1) and two vertical upright beams (2; 4). A vertical working cylinder is provided in the upper horizontal beam (6) and the lower horizontal beam (1). Each equal-strength vertical upright beam (2; 4) comprises two equal-strength beams which are transversely connected through a sleeve, used for mounting a horizontal working cylinder and allowed to bear the working load in the horizontal direction. The combined-type guide frame comprises two guide bodies (51, 52). Guide sides of the guide bodies have protruding portions. First guide faces are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the upper portions of the protruding portions, second guide faces are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the lower portions of the protruding portions, and extending lines of the first guide faces and the second guide faces all pass through the center of the combined-type bearing rack. The multidirectional-die composite extrusion hydraulic press has safe and reliable bearing capacity and running accuracy, the number of control shafts of the working cylinders reaches seven, and production process has various applications.
Description
本发明涉及一种多向模复合挤压液压机,尤其涉及一种具有双向预应力承载机架的多向模复合挤压液压机。The invention relates to a multi-directional composite extrusion hydraulic press, in particular to a multi-directional composite extrusion hydraulic press with a bidirectional prestressed load-bearing frame.
承载机架是液压机本体的最重要组成部分,因此承载机架必须具有足够的强度和刚度,以满足不同制造工艺的性能要求和经济性。但是,在液压机技术领域中,现有液压机的承载机架的结构设计仍然没有重大突破,形状雷同,功能单一,性能低下,工艺应用范围受限制。例如:传统的“三梁四柱”液压机的立式承载机架,只能承受垂直方向的工作载荷,视不同的应用场合,用于材料的锻造、挤压、冲压、压制等立式成形工艺;传统的“三梁四柱”液压机的卧式承载机架,只能承受水平方向的工作载荷,主要用于材料的卧式挤压工艺;传统的多向模锻液压机的承载机架,也只是简单地将一个立式机架与一个卧式机架拼装在一起,用于多向模锻成形工艺,但由于两个机架各自独立,垂直与水平工作载荷力互为外力,力系不能在组合机架内得到平衡,易造成水平受力失衡、构件频繁损坏;传统的整体叠板式和整体框架式承载机架,虽然其垂直与水平工作载荷力成为内力,但与两个拼装在一起的机架一样,受结构限制,其能够承受的水平工作载荷很小。因此上述液压机的承载机架,不能满足多向、异型、空腔类的复杂产品的一次性精密挤压成形要求,需要的工序道次多,材料利用率低,切削加工量大,金属流线被切断,造成应力集中,生产效率低,能耗高。The load-bearing frame is the most important part of the hydraulic machine body, so the load-bearing frame must have sufficient strength and rigidity to meet the performance requirements and economy of different manufacturing processes. However, in the field of hydraulic machine technology, the structural design of the existing hydraulic machine's load-bearing frame still has no major breakthrough, the shape is the same, the function is single, the performance is low, and the application range of the process is limited. For example, the vertical load-bearing frame of the traditional “three-beam four-column” hydraulic press can only withstand the vertical working load, and is used for vertical forming processes such as forging, extrusion, stamping and pressing of materials depending on different applications; The horizontal load-bearing frame of the traditional "three-beam four-column" hydraulic press can only withstand the horizontal working load, mainly used for the horizontal extrusion process of materials; the traditional multi-directional forging hydraulic press's load-bearing frame is also simple The ground frame is assembled with a horizontal frame for multi-directional die forging process, but since the two frames are independent, the vertical and horizontal working load forces are mutually external, and the force system cannot be combined. Balanced in the rack, it is easy to cause horizontal imbalance and frequent damage of components; traditional integral stack and integral frame load-bearing frame, although its vertical and horizontal working load force becomes internal force, but two machines are assembled together Like the frame, it is limited by the structure and can withstand a small horizontal working load. Therefore, the load-bearing frame of the above-mentioned hydraulic machine cannot meet the requirements of one-time precision extrusion forming of complex products of multi-directional, special-shaped and hollow type, and requires many process steps, low material utilization rate, large cutting amount, and metal flow line. It is cut off, resulting in stress concentration, low production efficiency and high energy consumption.
传统液压机活动横梁的运行均依托立柱提供的导向滑板面进行导向,所谓的“X”导向面处于相同夹角的同一个平面内,且活动横梁导向长度近似于其行程。在工作载荷下,由于立柱的横向弯曲变形,很容易使得原本导向长度就很短的活动横梁发生偏转,导向精度得不到保证。The operation of the movable beam of the traditional hydraulic machine is guided by the guide sliding surface provided by the column. The so-called "X" guiding surface is in the same plane with the same angle, and the guiding length of the movable beam is similar to its stroke. Under the working load, due to the lateral bending deformation of the column, it is easy to deflect the movable beam whose original guiding length is short, and the guiding precision is not guaranteed.
现有的多向模锻液压机工作缸轴数一般为3-5轴,其水平工作缸均为单轴,且能力偏低,成形的产品重量小,只能进行单一的水平分模成形,限制了多向模锻的工艺应用范围。The existing multi-directional forging hydraulic press has a cylinder shaft number of 3-5 axes, and the horizontal working cylinders are all single-axis, and the capacity is low, and the formed product has a small weight, and only a single horizontal split molding can be performed, and the limitation is limited. The application range of multi-directional die forging.
因此,需要一种新的多向模复合挤压液压机以解决上述问题。Therefore, there is a need for a new multi-directional composite extrusion hydraulic press to solve the above problems.
发明内容Summary of the invention
发明目的:本发明是针对现有技术中多向模锻液压机工作缸的缺陷,提供一种工作
缸具有7轴的多向模复合挤压液压机。OBJECT OF THE INVENTION: The present invention is directed to the defects of the multi-directional forging hydraulic press working cylinder in the prior art, and provides a work.
The cylinder has a 7-axis multi-directional composite extrusion hydraulic press.
技术方案:Technical solutions:
一种多向模复合挤压液压机,包括组合式双向预应力承载机架、组合式双“X”型复合导向架、上垂直主工作缸、上垂直穿孔缸、左水平主工作缸、右水平主工作缸、左水平穿孔缸、右水平穿孔缸和下垂直穿孔或顶出缸,Multi-directional composite extrusion hydraulic press, comprising combined bidirectional prestressed load-bearing frame, combined double "X" type composite guide frame, upper vertical main working cylinder, upper vertical perforated cylinder, left horizontal main working cylinder, right horizontal Main working cylinder, left horizontal perforated cylinder, right horizontal perforated cylinder and lower vertical perforated or ejected cylinder,
所述组合式双向预应力承载机架包括两根大小结构相同且左右对称的垂直立柱梁和分别固持在所述垂直立柱梁的顶部和底部的水平上横梁和水平下横梁,以及垂直预应力拉杆装置,所述垂直立柱梁包括两根等强度梁和套筒,两根所述等强度梁通过所述套筒横向联结,所述等强度梁的横截面为矩形,其内侧为平面,外侧具有突出部;所述等强度梁位于所述突出部上方的部分的横截面面积自上向下逐渐增大,所述等强度梁位于所述突出部下方的部分的横截面面积自上向下逐渐减小,所述套筒及其轴线呈水平方向位于两根等强度梁之间,所述水平上横梁、垂直立柱梁和水平下横梁通过所述垂直预应力拉杆装置预紧成一体,并承受垂直方向的工作载荷;The combined bidirectional prestressed load-bearing frame comprises two vertical pillar beams of the same size and bilateral symmetry, horizontal upper beams and horizontal lower beams respectively supported at the top and bottom of the vertical pillar beams, and vertical prestressed rods The apparatus, the vertical pillar beam comprises two equal-strength beams and sleeves, and the two equal-strength beams are laterally coupled by the sleeve, the equal-strength beam has a rectangular cross section, the inner side is a plane, and the outer side has a a protruding portion; a cross-sectional area of the portion of the equal-strength beam above the protruding portion gradually increases from the top to the bottom, and a cross-sectional area of the portion of the equal-intensity beam below the protruding portion gradually increases from the top to the bottom Reducing that the sleeve and its axis are horizontally located between two equal-strength beams, and the horizontal upper beam, the vertical column beam and the horizontal lower beam are pre-tightened by the vertical pre-stressed rod device and are subjected to Vertical working load;
所述组合式双“X”型复合导向架包括两个大小结构相同且前后对称的导向体和活动横梁,所述导向体的导向侧具有凸出部分,所述凸出部分的上部两侧对称设置有第一导向面,所述凸出部分的下部两侧对称设置有第二导向面,第一导向面和第二导向面的延长线均通过所述组合式双向预应力承载机架的中心,两个所述导向体上端通过预应力拉杆固定联结,两个所述导向体的下部均与所述活动横梁固定连结;The combined double "X" type composite guide frame comprises two guiding bodies and movable beams having the same size and symmetrical structure, the guiding side of the guiding body has a convex portion, and the upper sides of the protruding portion are symmetric on both sides a first guiding surface is disposed, and a second guiding surface is symmetrically disposed on both sides of the lower portion of the protruding portion, and an extension line of the first guiding surface and the second guiding surface passes through a center of the combined bidirectional prestressing bearing frame The upper ends of the two guiding bodies are fixedly coupled by a prestressed tie rod, and the lower portions of the two guiding bodies are fixedly coupled with the movable beam;
所述垂直立柱梁的上部对称设置有与所述第一导向面相对应的导向面,所述水平上横梁设置有与所述第二导向面相对应的导向面且位于所述垂直立柱梁正上方;The upper portion of the vertical pillar beam is symmetrically disposed with a guiding surface corresponding to the first guiding surface, and the horizontal upper beam is disposed with a guiding surface corresponding to the second guiding surface and located directly above the vertical pillar beam;
所述上垂直主工作缸设置在所述水平上横梁内,所述左水平主工作缸设置在一个所述垂直立柱梁的套筒中,所述右水平主工作缸设置在另一个所述垂直立柱梁的套筒中,所述下垂直穿孔或顶出缸设置在所述水平下横梁内,所述上垂直穿孔缸设置在所述上垂直主工作缸中,所述左水平穿孔缸设置在所述左水平主工作缸中,所述右水平穿孔缸设置在所述右水平主工作缸中。The upper vertical master cylinder is disposed in the horizontal upper beam, the left horizontal master cylinder is disposed in a sleeve of one of the vertical pillar beams, and the right horizontal master cylinder is disposed in another of the vertical In the sleeve of the column beam, the lower vertical perforating or ejection cylinder is disposed in the horizontal lower beam, the upper vertical perforating cylinder is disposed in the upper vertical main working cylinder, and the left horizontal perforating cylinder is disposed in In the left horizontal main working cylinder, the right horizontal perforating cylinder is disposed in the right horizontal main working cylinder.
更进一步的,所述水平上横梁和水平下横梁均为凸型等强度梁,所述水平上横梁的凸出体与所述水平下横梁的凸出体相对设置,所述水平上横梁的两个凸肩平面分别与两根所述垂直立柱梁的顶端相接,所述水平下横梁的两个凸肩平面分别与两根所述垂直立柱梁的底端相接,所述水平上横梁的凸出体的两个侧面分别与两根所述垂直立柱梁的顶部内侧面相接触,所述水平下横梁的凸出体的两个侧面分别与两根所述垂直立柱梁的底部内侧面相接触。Further, the horizontal upper beam and the horizontal lower beam are convex equal-strength beams, and the protruding body of the horizontal upper beam is opposite to the protruding body of the horizontal lower beam, and two of the horizontal upper beams are The shoulder planes respectively meet the top ends of the two vertical pillar beams, and the two shoulder planes of the horizontal lower beam respectively meet the bottom ends of the two vertical pillar beams, the horizontal upper beam The two sides of the protruding body are respectively in contact with the top inner side surfaces of the two vertical pillar beams, and the two sides of the protruding body of the horizontal lower beam are respectively in contact with the bottom inner side surfaces of the two vertical pillar beams.
更进一步的,还包括底部水平预应力拉杆装置和顶部水平预应力拉杆装置,两根所
述垂直立柱梁的底部和所述水平下横梁的凸出体通过所述底部水平预应力拉杆装置预紧成一体,两根所述垂直立柱梁的顶部和所述水平上横梁的凸出体通过所述顶部水平预应力拉杆装置预紧成一体,并承受水平方向的工作载荷。Further, the bottom horizontal prestressed rod device and the top horizontal prestressed rod device, two
The bottom of the vertical pillar beam and the protrusion of the horizontal lower beam are pre-tightened by the bottom horizontal prestressed rod device, and the tops of the two vertical pillar beams and the protrusion of the horizontal upper beam pass The top horizontal prestressed drawbar device is pre-tensioned and subjected to horizontal working loads.
更进一步的,所述垂直立柱梁的顶端与所述水平上横梁的凸肩平面为键连接,所述垂直立柱梁的底端与所述水平下横梁的凸肩平面为键连接。Further, a top end of the vertical pillar beam is keyed to a shoulder plane of the horizontal upper beam, and a bottom end of the vertical pillar beam is keyed to a shoulder plane of the horizontal lower beam.
更进一步的,所述垂直预应力拉杆装置包括多根细拉杆,所述细拉杆的直径为160~280mm。本发明摈弃了采用单根粗拉杆的传统设计方法,不仅仅是出于紧凑型结构设计的需要,而是多根细拉杆的性能远大于只用一根粗拉杆,可用较小的液压预紧缸,分别预紧每根拉杆。Further, the vertical prestressed rod device comprises a plurality of thin rods having a diameter of 160 to 280 mm. The invention abandons the traditional design method using a single thick tie rod, not only for the needs of a compact structure design, but the performance of a plurality of thin tie rods is much greater than that of using only one thick tie rod, and a small hydraulic preload can be used. Cylinders, each of which is pre-tensioned.
更进一步的,所述底部水平预应力拉杆装置和/或顶部水平预应力拉杆装置均包括多根细拉杆,所述细拉杆的直径为160~280mm。本发明摈弃了采用单根粗拉杆的传统设计方法,不仅仅是出于紧凑型结构设计的需要,而是多根细拉杆的性能远大于只用一根粗拉杆,可用较小的液压预紧缸,分别预紧每根拉杆。Further, the bottom horizontal prestressed rod device and/or the top horizontal prestressed rod device each include a plurality of thin rods having a diameter of 160 to 280 mm. The invention abandons the traditional design method using a single thick tie rod, not only for the needs of a compact structure design, but the performance of a plurality of thin tie rods is much greater than that of using only one thick tie rod, and a small hydraulic preload can be used. Cylinders, each of which is pre-tensioned.
更进一步的,与所述第一导向面和第二导向面相对应的导向面上均设置有导滑板。Further, a guide plate is disposed on the guide surface corresponding to the first guiding surface and the second guiding surface.
更进一步的,同一所述导向体中两个所述第一导向面之间的夹角为60°-100°,同一所述导向体中两个所述第二导向面之间的夹角为60°-100°,同一所述导向体中两个所述第一导向面之间的夹角与两个所述第二导向面之间的夹角不同。Further, an angle between two of the first guiding surfaces in the same guiding body is 60°-100°, and an angle between two of the second guiding surfaces in the same guiding body is 60°-100°, the angle between the two first guiding surfaces in the same guiding body is different from the angle between the two second guiding surfaces.
更进一步的,两个所述导向体的下部均通过十字键和螺杆与所述活动横梁与固定连结。Further, the lower portions of the two guiding bodies are fixedly coupled to the movable beam by a cross key and a screw.
有益效果:本发明的多向模复合挤压液压机采用新型的组合式双向预应力承载机架和组合式双“X”型复合导向架。组合式双向预应力承载机架包括水平上横梁、水平下横梁和两根垂直立柱梁。水平上横梁和水平下横梁内设置有垂直工作缸。每根等强度的垂直立柱梁包括两根等强度梁,两根等强度梁之间通过套筒横向联结,用以安装水平工作缸,并允许承受水平方向的工作载荷。组合式双“X”型复合导向架包含两组导向体,导向体的导向侧具有凸出部分,凸出部分的上部两侧对称设置有第一导向面,下部两侧对称设置有第二导向面,第一导向面和第二导向面的延长线均通过组合式双向预应力承载机架的中心。采用组合式双向预应力承载机架和双“X”型复合导向架,使本发明的多向模复合挤压液压机具有安全可靠的承载能力和运行精度,使工作缸的控制轴数达到7轴,从而获得更为广泛的生产工艺用途。Advantageous Effects: The multi-directional composite extrusion hydraulic press of the present invention adopts a novel combined bidirectional prestressed load-bearing frame and a combined double "X"-type composite guide frame. The combined two-way prestressed load-bearing frame includes a horizontal upper beam, a horizontal lower beam, and two vertical column beams. Vertical working cylinders are arranged in the horizontal upper beam and the horizontal lower beam. Each equal-strength vertical column beam includes two equal-strength beams, and the two equal-strength beams are laterally coupled by a sleeve to install a horizontal working cylinder and allow to withstand horizontal working loads. The combined double "X" type composite guide frame comprises two sets of guiding bodies, the guiding side of the guiding body has a convex part, the upper part of the convex part is symmetrically arranged with the first guiding surface, and the lower part of the lower side is symmetrically arranged with the second guiding The extension lines of the first guiding surface and the second guiding surface pass through the center of the combined bidirectional prestressing bearing frame. The combined two-way prestressed load-bearing frame and the double "X"-type composite guide frame make the multi-directional composite extrusion hydraulic press of the invention have safe and reliable bearing capacity and running precision, and the number of control axes of the working cylinder reaches 7 axes. In order to obtain a wider range of production process uses.
图1为组合式承载机架的俯视图;Figure 1 is a plan view of the combined carrier frame;
图2为组合式承载机架的A-A向剖视图;
Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of the combined carrier frame;
图3为垂直立柱梁的侧视图;Figure 3 is a side view of the vertical column beam;
图4为垂直立柱梁的俯视图;Figure 4 is a plan view of the vertical column beam;
图5为水平上横梁的俯视图;Figure 5 is a plan view of the horizontal upper beam;
图6为水平下横梁的俯视图;Figure 6 is a plan view of the horizontal lower beam;
图7为导向***的侧视图;Figure 7 is a side view of the guiding system;
图8为导向体的俯视图;Figure 8 is a plan view of the guide body;
图9为多向模复合挤压液压机的结构示意图。Figure 9 is a schematic view showing the structure of a multi-directional composite extrusion hydraulic press.
请参阅图1和图2所示,本发明的多向模复合挤压液压机,包括组合式双向预应力承载机架、组合式双“X”型复合导向***、上垂直主工作缸9、上垂直穿孔缸10、左水平主工作缸121、右水平主工作缸122、左水平穿孔缸131、右水平穿孔缸132和下垂直穿孔或顶出缸16。Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the multi-directional composite extrusion hydraulic press of the present invention comprises a combined bidirectional prestressed load-bearing frame, a combined double "X" type composite guiding system, an upper vertical main working cylinder 9, and an upper Vertical perforated cylinder 10, left horizontal main working cylinder 121, right horizontal main working cylinder 122, left horizontal perforated cylinder 131, right horizontal perforated cylinder 132 and lower vertical perforating or ejection cylinder 16.
组合式双向预应力承载机架,包括水平下横梁1、两个垂直立柱梁2;4、水平上横梁6、垂直预应力拉杆装置71、底部水平预应力拉杆装置72、和顶部水平预应力拉杆装置73。Combined bidirectional prestressed load-bearing frame, including horizontal lower beam 1, two vertical column beams 2; 4, horizontal upper beam 6, vertical prestressed rod device 71, bottom horizontal prestressed rod device 72, and top horizontal prestressed rod Device 73.
组合式双“X”型复合导向***包括活动横梁3和两个大小结构相同的导向体51;52。The combined double "X" type composite guiding system comprises a movable beam 3 and two guiding bodies 51 having the same size and structure; 52.
1)现有液压机的横梁一般为等高梁,即梁的任一垂直截面的高度尺寸相等。上横梁的承载面,即用于立柱支承和安装工作缸的平面处于同一平面,下横梁的承载面,即用于立柱支承和安装工作台的平面也处于同一平面。有些非等高上横梁的非承载面均向上凸起,非等高下横梁的非承载面均向下凸出。这些梁的功能单一,在高度方向的上尺寸相等,但梁的应力分布很不均衡,材料的潜能没有得到充分发挥。1) The beam of the existing hydraulic machine is generally a contour beam, that is, the height dimension of any vertical section of the beam is equal. The bearing surface of the upper beam, that is, the plane for supporting the column and mounting the working cylinder, is in the same plane, and the bearing surface of the lower beam, that is, the plane for supporting the column and mounting the working table, is also in the same plane. Some non-equal height upper beam non-bearing surfaces are upwardly convex, and non-equal height lower beam non-bearing surfaces are convex downward. These beams have a single function and are equal in size in the height direction, but the stress distribution of the beam is very uneven and the potential of the material is not fully utilized.
请参阅图5和图6所示,本发明液压机的横梁均为凸型等强度梁,有别于现有的任何一种液压机的梁的结构。“凸”型水平上横梁6和“凸”型水平下横梁1恰恰与传统观念相反,梁在高度方向的上尺寸不相等,梁的承载平面均不处于同一平面,但梁的应力分布均衡,使材料的潜能得到充分发挥;使水平上横梁6安装工作缸的承载面向下凸出,使水平下横梁1安装工作台的承载面向上凸出。水平上横梁6和水平下横梁1的凸出体的两个水平面之间的距离构成了机架窗口的垂直开档H,凸出体的两个垂直面决定了机架窗口的水平内侧净空距W,两个垂直面之间的材料又起着上下水平立柱的作用。Referring to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the beam of the hydraulic machine of the present invention is a convex equal-strength beam, which is different from the structure of the beam of any existing hydraulic machine. The "convex" type horizontal upper beam 6 and the "convex" type horizontal lower beam 1 are exactly opposite to the conventional concept. The upper dimensions of the beams in the height direction are not equal, and the bearing planes of the beams are not in the same plane, but the stress distribution of the beams is balanced. The potential of the material is fully utilized; the bearing surface of the horizontal upper beam 6 mounting cylinder is convex downward, so that the bearing surface of the horizontal lower beam 1 mounting table protrudes upward. The distance between the two horizontal planes of the horizontal upper beam 6 and the convex body of the horizontal lower beam 1 constitutes the vertical opening H of the frame window, and the two vertical faces of the convex body determine the horizontal inner clearance of the frame window. W, the material between the two vertical faces plays the role of the upper and lower horizontal columns.
本发明水平下横梁1为向上凸起的“凸”型等强度梁结构,凸出体的上平面用于安装工作台,两个凸肩平面用于支承两根垂直立柱梁2;4,这两个平面不处于同一个平面。凸出体的两侧垂直面为两根垂直立柱梁2;4底部的内侧面提供水平方向的“X”轴定位
基准,并使凸出体作为下水平立柱,承受底部水平预应力拉杆装置72将两根垂直立柱梁2;4的底部与水平下横梁1的凸出体预紧成一体的水平方向的预应力作用;两个凸肩平面上设计有两组矩形键槽并镶嵌有定位键,可为两根垂直立柱梁2;4的底部提供前后水平方向的“Y”轴定位基准;两个凸肩平面为两根垂直立柱梁2;4的底部提供垂直方向的“Z”轴定位基准,并承受垂直预应力拉杆装置71将两根垂直立柱梁2;4与水平上横梁6和水平下横梁1预紧成一体的垂直方向的预应力作用;根据不同工艺对象所需的顶出力、下穿孔力和液压垫力,可以在水平下横梁1内安装下工作缸。The horizontal lower beam 1 of the present invention is an upwardly convex "convex" type equal-strength beam structure, the upper plane of the convex body is used for mounting the workbench, and the two shoulder planes are used for supporting two vertical column beams 2; The two planes are not in the same plane. The vertical faces on both sides of the protrusion are two vertical column beams 2; the inner side of the bottom of the 4 provides horizontal "X" axis positioning
Benchmark, and the protrusion is used as the lower horizontal column, and the horizontal horizontal prestressing rod device 72 is used to pre-tighten the bottom of the two vertical column beams 2; 4 and the convex body of the horizontal lower beam 1 into a horizontal prestress. Function; two shoulder planes are designed with two sets of rectangular keyways and inlaid with positioning keys, which can provide the front and rear horizontal "Y" axis positioning reference for the bottom of the two vertical column beams 2; 4; the two shoulder planes are The bottoms of the two vertical column beams 2; 4 provide a vertical "Z" axis positioning reference and are subjected to a vertical prestressed tie rod device 71 to pretension the two vertical column beams 2; 4 with the horizontal upper beam 6 and the horizontal lower beam 1 The vertical pre-stress action is integrated; the lower working cylinder can be installed in the horizontal lower beam 1 according to the ejection force, the lower punching force and the hydraulic cushion force required for different process objects.
水平上横梁6为向下凸出的倒“凸”型梁结构,倒凸出体的下平面用于安装主工作缸,两个倒凸肩平面用于支承两根垂直立柱梁2;4,这两个平面不处于同一个平面。倒凸出体的两个垂直面为两根垂直立柱梁2;4顶部的内侧面提供左右水平方向的“X”轴定位基准,并使倒凸出体作为上水平立柱,承受顶部水平预应力拉杆装置73将两根垂直立柱梁2;4顶部与水平上横梁6的倒凸出体预紧成一体的水平方向的预应力作用;两个倒凸肩平面上设计有两组矩形键槽和镶嵌有定位键,可为两根垂直立柱梁2;4的顶部提供前后水平方向的“Y”轴定位基准;两个倒凸肩平面为两根垂直立柱梁2;4的顶部提供垂直方向的“Z”轴定位基准,并承受垂直预应力拉杆装置71将两根垂直立柱梁2;4与水平上横梁6和水平下横梁1预紧成一体的垂直方向的预应力作用;在倒凸出体的下平面上安装主工作缸,根据不同的垂直公称力和工艺对象,缸的数量为1~6个,缸的布置方式可为单排1个、2个、3个,或为双排2个、4个、6个,或为三排3个、5个。The horizontal upper beam 6 is an inverted "convex" beam structure protruding downward, the lower plane of the inverted convex body is used for installing the main working cylinder, and the two inverted shoulder planes are for supporting two vertical column beams 2; These two planes are not in the same plane. The two vertical faces of the inverted convex body are two vertical column beams 2; the inner side of the top of the 4 provides the left and right horizontal "X" axis positioning reference, and the inverted convex body is used as the upper horizontal column to withstand the horizontal horizontal prestressing The tie rod device 73 pre-tightens the top of the two vertical pillar beams 2; 4 and the inverted convex body of the horizontal upper beam 6 into a horizontal pre-stress; two sets of rectangular keyways and inlays are designed on the two inverted shoulder planes There are positioning keys to provide the front and rear horizontal "Y" axis positioning reference for the top of the two vertical column beams 2; 4; the two inverted shoulder planes are two vertical column beams 2; the top of the 4 provides the vertical direction" Z" axis positioning reference, and subjected to the vertical prestressed rod device 71 to pre-stress the two vertical column beams 2; 4 with the horizontal upper beam 6 and the horizontal lower beam 1 in a vertical direction; The main working cylinder is installed on the lower plane. According to different vertical nominal force and process objects, the number of cylinders is 1 to 6, and the arrangement of the cylinders can be 1 row, 2 or 3 rows, or double row 2 1, 4, 6, or 3, 3, and 5.
2)现有液压机的立柱大多为独立的4根实心或空心的圆形或矩形结构,或为多层叠板式结构,或为框架式箱形结构。它们的共同特征是,仅仅作为立柱功能使用,支承于上下横梁(对于立式液压机)或前后横梁(对于卧式液压机)之间,承受压应力(对于预应力结构)或拉应力(对于非预应力结构),不能承受水平方向或横向的工作载荷。有的整体多层叠板式、或整体板框式液压机,虽然允许在立柱部分的水平方向安装法兰支承式的工作缸,但由于受该型结构的制约,所能承受的水平方向的工作载荷仅仅为垂直方向的1/5。2) The columns of the existing hydraulic press are mostly independent of four solid or hollow circular or rectangular structures, or a multi-layered plate structure, or a frame-shaped box structure. Their common feature is that they are only used as a column function to support compressive stress (for prestressed structures) or tensile stress between upper and lower beams (for vertical hydraulic machines) or front and rear beams (for horizontal hydraulic machines) (for non-pre- Stress structure), can not withstand horizontal or lateral working loads. Some integral multi-layer plate type or integral plate-frame hydraulic machine, although it is allowed to install a flange-supported working cylinder in the horizontal direction of the column portion, due to the constraint of the type structure, the horizontal working load can be withheld only 1/5 of the vertical direction.
请参阅图1、图2、图3和图4所示,本发明的特殊构造的垂直立柱梁2;4有别于现有的任何一种液压机的立柱的结构。两根垂直立柱梁2;4,从正面看为非对称的弓形结构,从侧面看为非对称的“H”型结构。具体的,垂直立柱梁2;4包括两根等强度梁和套筒,两根等强度梁通过套筒横向联结,等强度梁的横截面为矩形,其内侧为平面,外侧具有突出部。等强度梁位于突出部上方的部分的横截面面积自上向下逐渐增大,等强度梁位于突出部下方的部分的横截面面积自上向下逐渐减小,套筒及其轴线呈水平方
向位于两根等强度梁之间。作为垂直立柱功能,其在全高上为中部空心的矩形横截面;由两根垂直立柱梁2;4的4个底端和4个顶端支承在水平下横梁1的两个凸肩平面与水平上横梁6的两个凸肩平面之间,通过垂直预应力拉杆装置71将其与水平上横梁6和水平下横梁1预紧成一体,承受垂直方向的预应力作用,以及在工作载荷下的角弯矩、偏心载荷下活动横梁反力偶对其的水平力作用;两根垂直立柱梁2;4的底端和顶端水平面上均设计有两组矩形键槽和镶嵌有定位键,将水平上横梁6和水平下横梁1与垂直立柱梁2;4牢固地镶嵌在一起,并作为上下水平横梁6和1在前后水平方向的“Y”轴定位基准。Referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the special vertical column beam 2; 4 of the present invention is different from the structure of the column of any of the existing hydraulic machines. Two vertical column beams 2; 4, which are asymmetric arch structures from the front, are asymmetric "H" structures from the side. Specifically, the vertical pillar beam 2; 4 comprises two equal-strength beams and sleeves, and the two equal-strength beams are laterally coupled by a sleeve. The equal-strength beam has a rectangular cross section, a plane on the inner side and a protrusion on the outer side. The cross-sectional area of the portion of the equal-strength beam above the protrusion gradually increases from the top to the bottom, and the cross-sectional area of the portion of the equal-strength beam below the protrusion gradually decreases from the top to the bottom, and the sleeve and its axis are horizontal.
The orientation is between two equal strength beams. As a vertical column function, it is a hollow rectangular cross section at the full height; the four bottom ends and four top ends of the two vertical column beams 2; 4 are supported on the two shoulder planes and levels of the horizontal lower beam 1 Between the two shoulder planes of the beam 6, it is pre-tensioned with the horizontal upper beam 6 and the horizontal lower beam 1 by the vertical prestressed rod device 71, subjected to the vertical prestressing action, and the angle under the working load. The horizontal force of the movable beam reaction force under bending moment and eccentric load; the bottom end and the top horizontal surface of the two vertical column beams 2; 4 are designed with two sets of rectangular keyways and inlaid with positioning keys, which will be horizontally horizontally beamed 6 And the horizontal lower beam 1 and the vertical column beam 2; 4 are firmly embedded together, and serve as a "Y" axis positioning reference for the upper and lower horizontal beams 6 and 1 in the front and rear horizontal directions.
作为垂直梁功能,两根垂直立柱梁2;4为空心变截面弓形梁结构,由两根垂直立柱梁的4个顶部和4个底部的内侧面分别与作为水平立柱的水平上下横梁6和1凸出体的两个垂直面贴合,通过底部水平预应力拉杆装置72和73分别将垂直立柱梁的端部和底部与水平上下横梁6和1的凸台预紧成一体;在每一侧垂直立柱梁之间的中部,由圆形或矩形筒体21横向联结,用以安装以缸底支承的水平工作缸,并允许承受较大的水平方向的工作载荷;根据不同的水平公称力和工艺对象,缸的数量可为一个单动液压缸,或一个复式双动液压缸,或两排以上的液压缸。As a vertical beam function, two vertical column beams 2; 4 are hollow variable section arch beam structures, with four top and four bottom inner sides of two vertical column beams and horizontal upper and lower beams 6 and 1 as horizontal columns, respectively. The two vertical faces of the projection are fitted together, and the ends and bottoms of the vertical column beams are pre-tightened with the bosses of the horizontal upper and lower beams 6 and 1 by the bottom horizontal prestressed tie rod devices 72 and 73, respectively; The middle part between the vertical pillar beams is laterally connected by a circular or rectangular cylinder 21 for mounting a horizontal working cylinder supported by the bottom of the cylinder and is allowed to withstand a large horizontal working load; according to different horizontal nominal forces and For the process object, the number of cylinders can be a single-acting hydraulic cylinder, or a double-acting double-acting hydraulic cylinder, or two or more hydraulic cylinders.
3)传统张力柱形式的水压机、整体多层叠板式或整体板框式液压机,它们的共同特征是,机架为非预应力结构,工作时承受单向的大幅值交变应力,抗疲劳强度低。有的液压机虽然采用了预应力结构,但多为单独垂直方向的立式液压机,或水平方向的卧式液压机的单方向预应力结构;有的将一台垂直的预应力机架与一台卧式的预应力机架组合在一起,构成了多向模锻液压机,但由于其力系不能封闭,造成机架和模具频频损坏。而且受该型结构的制约,所能承受的水平方向的工作载荷仅仅为垂直方向的1/3。3) Hydraulic press in the form of traditional tension column, integral multi-layer plate or integral plate-frame hydraulic machine, their common feature is that the frame is non-prestressed structure, which is subjected to one-way large-value alternating stress during operation and low fatigue resistance. . Some hydraulic presses use a prestressed structure, but most of them are vertical vertical hydraulic machines, or horizontally oriented horizontal hydraulic machines with one-way prestressed structures; some have a vertical prestressed frame with one lying The prestressed frames are combined to form a multi-directional forging hydraulic press, but the frame and the mold are frequently damaged due to the fact that the force system cannot be closed. Moreover, subject to this type of structure, the horizontal working load that can be withstood is only 1/3 of the vertical direction.
请参阅图1和图2所示,本发明的垂直与水平双向全预应力***,有别于现有的任何一种液压机的预应力方式。垂直与水平双向全预应力***,垂直预应力拉杆装置71、底部水平预应力拉杆装置72和顶部水平预应力拉杆装置73中拉杆直径均在160~280mm之间,按照设计规定的预紧力和预紧方法,通过预紧螺母使拉杆全长上产生预紧拉力,同时对水平上横梁6、水平下横梁1和两根垂直立柱梁2;4施加预紧压力,从而将水平上横梁6和水平下横梁1与两根垂直立柱梁2;4分别在垂直方向和水平方向紧密地固结成一个整体,构成一个垂直与水平双向全预应力承载机架。Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the vertical and horizontal bidirectional full prestressing system of the present invention is different from the prestressing mode of any of the existing hydraulic machines. The vertical and horizontal bidirectional full prestressing system, the vertical prestressed rod device 71, the bottom horizontal prestressed rod device 72 and the top horizontal prestressed rod device 73 have a diameter of 160 to 280 mm, according to the design preload and The pre-tightening method generates pre-tensioning tension on the entire length of the tie rod by pre-tightening the nut, and applies pre-tightening pressure to the horizontal upper beam 6, the horizontal lower beam 1 and the two vertical column beams 2; 4, thereby horizontally the upper beam 6 and The horizontal lower beam 1 and the two vertical column beams 2; 4 are tightly consolidated in a vertical direction and a horizontal direction, respectively, to form a vertical and horizontal bidirectional full prestressed load-bearing frame.
根据液压机垂直和水平方向的承载能力要求,确定垂直预应力拉杆装置71、底部水平预应力拉杆装置72和顶部水平预应力拉杆装置73中拉杆的数量和分布,根据各个梁的应力水平确定拉杆螺母下的垫板厚度。According to the bearing capacity requirements of the vertical and horizontal directions of the hydraulic machine, the number and distribution of the tie rods in the vertical prestressed rod device 71, the bottom horizontal prestressed rod device 72 and the top horizontal prestressed rod device 73 are determined, and the tie rod nut is determined according to the stress level of each beam. Under the thickness of the pad.
预应力设计按最大工作载荷力和最大允许偏心距设计、调整和设定拉杆的预应力,
预紧系数为1.5,即预紧力是工作载荷的1.5倍;水平上横梁6和水平下横梁1与两根垂直立柱梁2;4接触部分的横截面尺寸相同,梁的高度方向受压缩后的变形不可忽略,计算的被压缩构件的尺寸应包括水平上横梁6、水平下横梁1和两根垂直立柱梁2;4的相应高度尺寸。Prestressed design Design, adjust and set the prestress of the tie rod according to the maximum working load force and the maximum allowable eccentricity.
The pre-tightening coefficient is 1.5, that is, the pre-tightening force is 1.5 times of the working load; the cross-sectional dimensions of the horizontal upper beam 6 and the horizontal lower beam 1 and the two vertical column beams 2; 4 are the same, and the height direction of the beam is compressed. The deformation is not negligible, and the calculated size of the compressed member should include the corresponding height dimension of the horizontal upper beam 6, the horizontal lower beam 1 and the two vertical column beams 2;
整个机架无论是垂直方向还是水平方向的受力均为内力平衡***,负载力不会传递到基础上,确保了机架双向承载的安全性与可靠性。The force of the entire frame, whether it is vertical or horizontal, is an internal force balance system, and the load force is not transmitted to the foundation, ensuring the safety and reliability of the two-way bearing of the rack.
本发明摈弃了采用单根粗拉杆的传统设计方法,不仅仅是出于紧凑型结构设计的需要,而是多根细拉杆的优越性远大于只用一根粗拉杆:可用较小的液压预紧缸,分别预紧每根拉杆;可按空心立柱截面形状,对称均匀布置多拉杆,受力均衡;拉杆螺纹根部加工误差小,产生的弯曲应力影响较小;由于横截面积小,材料组织和热处理性能均匀性好,可充分发挥材料的力学性能;加工制造和安装方便。The invention abandons the traditional design method using a single thick tie rod, not only for the needs of compact structural design, but the superiority of multiple thin draw rods is much greater than that of using only one thick draw rod: a smaller hydraulic preload can be used Tightening cylinders, respectively pre-tightening each tie rod; according to the cross-sectional shape of the hollow column, the multiple tie rods are symmetrically and evenly arranged, and the force is balanced; the machining error of the root of the pull rod thread is small, and the bending stress is less affected; due to the small cross-sectional area, the material structure The heat treatment performance is uniform, and the mechanical properties of the material can be fully utilized; the manufacturing and installation are convenient.
4)传统液压机活动横梁的运行均依托立柱提供的导向滑板面进行导向,所谓的“X”导向面处于相同夹角的同一个平面内,且活动横梁导向长度近似于其行程。在工作载荷下,由于立柱的横向弯曲变形,很容易使得原本导向长度就很短的活动横梁发生偏转,导向精度得不到保证。4) The operation of the movable beam of the traditional hydraulic machine is guided by the guide sliding surface provided by the column. The so-called "X" guiding surface is in the same plane of the same angle, and the guiding length of the movable beam is similar to its stroke. Under the working load, due to the lateral bending deformation of the column, it is easy to deflect the movable beam whose original guiding length is short, and the guiding precision is not guaranteed.
请参阅图7和8所示,本发明的组合式双“X”型复合导向***,有别于现有的任何一种液压机的导向方式,包括两个大小结构相同且前后对称的导向体51;52。Referring to Figures 7 and 8, the combined double "X" type composite guiding system of the present invention is different from the guiding mode of any of the existing hydraulic machines, and includes two guiding bodies 51 of the same size and symmetrical structure. ;52.
导向体的具体结构为:导向体51;52的导向侧具有凸出部分,凸出部分的上部两侧对称设置有两个第一导向面,凸出部分的下部两侧对称设置有两个第二导向面,第一导向面和第二导向面的延长线均通过组合式双向预应力承载机架的中心,两个导向体51;52上端通过预应力拉杆固定联结,两个导向体51;52的下部均通过十字键和螺杆与活动横梁3固定连结;The specific structure of the guiding body is: the guiding body 51; 52 has a convex portion on the guiding side, two first guiding surfaces are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the upper portion of the protruding portion, and two sides are symmetrically disposed on the lower sides of the protruding portion The two guiding surfaces, the first guiding surface and the second guiding surface extending the line through the center of the combined bidirectional prestressed bearing frame, the two guiding bodies 51; 52 upper end is fixedly coupled by a prestressed tie rod, two guiding bodies 51; The lower part of 52 is fixedly connected to the movable beam 3 by a cross key and a screw;
两组上部水平拉杆装置81包括高强度拉杆,通过2个导向体51;52上部横梁的两端横向预应力固结成一体;通过水平螺杆82和十字键将2个导向体51;52的下部垂直导向体与活动横梁3横向固结成一体。The two sets of upper horizontal tie rod devices 81 comprise high-strength tie rods, which are integrally pre-stressed by two pre-stresses of the two upper guide beams 51; 52; the lower portions of the two guide bodies 51; 52 are passed through the horizontal screw 82 and the cross key The vertical guide body is laterally consolidated with the movable cross member 3.
导向体51;52的上部横梁导向板依托装于水平上横梁6上的无变形区Ⅰ处耐磨导滑板导向,中下部垂直导向板依托装于左右垂直立柱梁4和2上的微变形区Ⅱ处耐磨导滑板导向;上部与下部导向面的延伸线均通过承载机架的中心,同一导向体51;52中两个第一导向面之间的夹角α为60°-100°,同时同一导向体51;52中两个第二导向面之间的夹角β为60°-100°,同一导向体51;52中两个第一导向面之间的夹角与两个第二导向面之间的夹角不同。构成双“X”型复合导向***;导向体的长度是其行程的3倍,为活动横梁提供了一个坚固的、刚性的和低接触应力的平面导向体。
The upper beam guide plate of the guide body 51; 52 is guided by the wear-resistant guide plate at the non-deformation zone I mounted on the horizontal upper beam 6, and the middle and lower vertical guide plates are supported by the micro-deformation zone mounted on the left and right vertical column beams 4 and 2. The wear-resistant guide slide is guided at II; the extension lines of the upper and lower guide faces pass through the center of the support frame, and the angle α between the two first guide faces of the same guide body 51; 52 is 60°-100°, At the same time, the angle β between the two second guiding surfaces of the same guiding body 51; 52 is 60°-100°, the angle between the two first guiding surfaces of the same guiding body 51; 52 and the two second The angle between the guide faces is different. It forms a double "X" type composite guiding system; the length of the guiding body is three times its stroke, which provides a strong, rigid and low contact stress plane guide for the movable beam.
上述组合式双向预应力承载机架,采用计算机三维有限元分析软件接触问题分析法,对机架整体结构进行优化设计,使机架的变形和应力获得了精确的求解,预测出工作过程中的结构的应力状态及其变形趋势,优化受力框架的结构,确定其在最佳强度和刚度下的几何尺寸,使材料得到合理的分配,充分发挥出所用材料的潜力。The above-mentioned combined bidirectional prestressed load-bearing frame adopts the computer three-dimensional finite element analysis software contact problem analysis method to optimize the overall structure of the frame, so that the deformation and stress of the frame are accurately solved, and the working process is predicted. The stress state of the structure and its deformation trend optimize the structure of the force frame, determine its geometrical dimensions under the optimal strength and stiffness, and make the material properly distributed to give full play to the potential of the materials used.
理论分析表明,这种机架结构具有较高的整体刚性、抗疲劳强度、承载能力和安全可靠性。机架预紧后,不开缝,无需重复紧固外侧螺母,拉杆永无磨损。工作时,立柱承受压应力和弯曲应力,拉杆承受拉应力,其最大和最小拉应力的变化幅值仅为最大载荷应力的15%。在整机寿命周期内不会产生立柱断裂事故,各个构件的使用寿命因此而延长,大大降低了设备维修费用和寿命周期成本。Theoretical analysis shows that the frame structure has high overall rigidity, fatigue resistance, load carrying capacity and safety reliability. After the frame is pre-tightened, there is no seam, no need to repeatedly tighten the outer nut, and the tie rod will never wear. During operation, the column is subjected to compressive and bending stresses, and the tie rod is subjected to tensile stress. The maximum and minimum tensile stress changes are only 15% of the maximum load stress. There is no column breakage accident during the life cycle of the whole machine, and the service life of each component is prolonged, which greatly reduces equipment maintenance cost and life cycle cost.
5)现有的多向模锻液压机工作缸轴数一般为3-5轴,其水平工作缸均为单轴,且能力偏低,成形的产品重量小,只能进行单一的水平分模成形,限制了多向模锻的工艺应用范围。5) The existing multi-directional forging hydraulic press has a cylinder shaft of 3-5 axes, and the horizontal working cylinders are all single-axis, and the capacity is low. The formed product has a small weight and can only be subjected to a single horizontal split molding. , limits the range of process applications for multi-directional die forging.
请参阅图9所示,本发明的多向模复合挤压液压机,有别于现有的任何一种多向模锻液压机。所述多向模复合挤压工作缸轴数为7轴,组合式双向预应力承载机架和组合式双“X”型复合导向架作为安装液压缸、工作台、模具等装置的载体,并承受全部工作载荷,即构成一台多向模复合精密挤压成形液压机的本体部分。Referring to FIG. 9, the multi-directional composite extrusion hydraulic press of the present invention is different from any of the conventional multi-directional forging hydraulic presses. The multi-directional mold composite extrusion cylinder has a number of shafts of 7 axes, a combined two-way prestressed load-bearing frame and a combined double "X"-type composite guide frame as carriers for installing hydraulic cylinders, work tables, molds, and the like, and Subject to full working load, it forms the body part of a multi-directional composite precision extrusion hydraulic press.
将上垂直主工作缸9和模具11、上垂直穿孔缸10、左水平主工作缸121、左水平穿孔缸131、右水平主工作缸122和模具14、右水平穿孔缸132、下垂直穿孔或顶出缸16分别作为独立的数控液压缸轴,分别由液压数控装置驱动,构成了液压数控闭环伺服控制和同步控制***;其中,上垂直主工作缸9设置在水平上横梁6内,左水平主工作缸121设置在一个垂直立柱梁2;4的套筒中,右水平主工作缸122设置在另一个垂直立柱梁2;4的套筒中,下垂直穿孔或顶出缸16设置在水平下横梁1内,上垂直穿孔缸10设置在上垂直主工作缸9中,左水平穿孔缸131设置在左水平主工作缸121中,右水平穿孔缸132设置在右水平主工作缸122中。以计算机液压数控多轴联动程序加载为基础,逻辑动作由PLC***控制,各缸轴的速度、位移、压力通过HNC实行编程控制,按主轴垂直加载、左水平轴加载、右水平轴加载的先后顺序,可组合5种以上加载方式,按工艺分模面条件,可以完成垂直分模和水平分模2种分模方式。The upper vertical working cylinder 9 and the mold 11, the upper vertical perforating cylinder 10, the left horizontal main working cylinder 121, the left horizontal perforating cylinder 131, the right horizontal main working cylinder 122 and the mold 14, the right horizontal perforating cylinder 132, the lower vertical perforating cylinder or The ejector cylinders 16 are respectively driven as independent CNC hydraulic cylinders, which are respectively driven by hydraulic numerical control devices, and constitute a hydraulic numerical control closed-loop servo control and synchronous control system; wherein the upper vertical main working cylinder 9 is disposed in the horizontal upper cross beam 6, left horizontal The main working cylinder 121 is disposed in a sleeve of a vertical column beam 2; 4, the right horizontal main working cylinder 122 is disposed in the sleeve of the other vertical column beam 2; 4, and the lower vertical perforating or ejection cylinder 16 is disposed at the level In the lower cross member 1, the upper vertical perforated cylinder 10 is disposed in the upper vertical main working cylinder 9, the left horizontal perforated cylinder 131 is disposed in the left horizontal main working cylinder 121, and the right horizontal perforated cylinder 132 is disposed in the right horizontal main working cylinder 122. Based on the computer hydraulic CNC multi-axis linkage program loading, the logic action is controlled by the PLC system. The speed, displacement and pressure of each cylinder axis are programmed by HNC. The vertical loading of the spindle, the loading of the left horizontal axis and the loading of the right horizontal axis are performed. In the order, more than five types of loading modes can be combined, and two types of split mode, vertical splitting and horizontal splitting, can be completed according to the conditions of the process parting surface.
与其它逻辑控制的油缸组合,具有多向加载、上中心冲孔、下中心冲孔、顶出、拉伸液压垫等步进和连续进给功能;实现复杂型腔构造的难成形产品15的多向模挤压、模锻、等温模锻、等压下量锻造、等锻比锻造、精密锻造、超塑性成形等多种金属塑性柔性复合近净成形工艺。Combined with other logic-controlled cylinders, it has multi-directional loading, upper center punching, lower center punching, ejection, stretching hydraulic pad and other stepping and continuous feeding functions; difficult to shape products with complex cavity structure 15 Multi-directional die extrusion, die forging, isothermal die forging, equal pressure forging, equal forging forging, precision forging, superplastic forming, and other metal plastic flexible composite near net forming processes.
6)本发明的实施例是,开发了一台总变形能力为350MN的七轴数控多向模复合精
密挤压成形液压机,其主要力能技术参数见表1。6) An embodiment of the present invention is to develop a seven-axis CNC multi-directional mode compounding compound with a total deformation capacity of 350 MN.
The hydraulic performance of the dense extrusion forming hydraulic machine is shown in Table 1.
表1Table 1
轴axis | 工作缸Working cylinder | 力(MN)Force (MN) | 液体压力(MPa)Liquid pressure (MPa) | 速度(mm/s)Speed (mm/s) | 行程(mm)Stroke (mm) |
11 | 4-上主工作缸4-up main working cylinder | 130130 | 4242 | 0.5-600.5-60 | 20002000 |
22 | 1-上穿孔缸1-upper perforated cylinder | 9090 | 4242 | 0.5-600.5-60 | 30003000 |
33 | 1-左水平主工作缸1-left horizontal main working cylinder | 130130 | 4242 | 0.5-400.5-40 | 10001000 |
44 | 1-左水平穿孔缸1-left horizontal perforated cylinder | 5050 | 4242 | 0.5-600.5-60 | 700700 |
55 | 1-右水平主工作缸1-right horizontal main working cylinder | 130130 | 4242 | 0.5-400.5-40 | 10001000 |
66 | 1-右水平穿孔缸1-right horizontal perforated cylinder | 5050 | 4242 | 0.5-600.5-60 | 700700 |
77 | 1-下顶出/穿孔缸1-lower top/perforation cylinder | 2020 | 4242 | 0.5-600.5-60 | 15001500 |
承载机架的强度、刚度和导向精度使液压机达到如下性能:The strength, rigidity and guiding accuracy of the load-bearing frame enable the hydraulic press to achieve the following properties:
本发明实施例与现有技术标志性指标对比见表2。See Table 2 for comparison of the embodiments of the present invention with the prior art landmark indicators.
表2Table 2
名称name | 实施例Example | 美国United States | 德国Germany | 英国United Kingdom |
总变形力(MN)Total deformation force (MN) | 350350 | 155155 | 310310 | 360360 |
水平力(MN)Horizontal force (MN) | 2*1302*130 | 2*35/452*35/45 | 2*102*10 | 2*602*60 |
传动方式transfer method | 油泵直驱Oil pump direct drive | 水泵蓄能器Pump accumulator | 水泵蓄能器Pump accumulator | 水泵蓄能器Pump accumulator |
轴数及控制方式Number of axes and control methods | 7轴伺服控制7-axis servo control | 5轴开关量控制5-axis switching control | 3轴开关量控制3-axis switching control | 5轴开关量控制5-axis switching control |
生产最大锻件重量(kg)Production of the largest forging weight (kg) | 40004000 | 20002000 | 30003000 | 30003000 |
Claims (9)
- 一种多向模复合挤压液压机,其特征在于:包括组合式双向预应力承载机架、组合式双“X”型复合导向架、上垂直主工作缸(9)、上垂直穿孔缸(10)、左水平主工作缸(121)、右水平主工作缸(122)、左水平穿孔缸(131)、右水平穿孔缸(132)和下垂直穿孔或顶出缸(16),A multi-directional composite extrusion hydraulic press characterized by comprising a combined bidirectional prestressed load-bearing frame, a combined double "X" type composite guide frame, an upper vertical main working cylinder (9), and an upper vertical perforated cylinder (10) ), a left horizontal main working cylinder (121), a right horizontal main working cylinder (122), a left horizontal perforating cylinder (131), a right horizontal perforating cylinder (132), and a lower vertical perforating or ejection cylinder (16),所述组合式双向预应力承载机架包括两根大小结构相同且左右对称的垂直立柱梁(2;4)和分别固持在所述垂直立柱梁(2;4)的顶部和底部的水平上横梁(6)和水平下横梁(1),以及垂直预应力拉杆装置(71),所述垂直立柱梁(2;4)包括两根等强度梁和套筒,两根所述等强度梁通过所述套筒横向联结,所述等强度梁的横截面为矩形,其内侧为平面,外侧具有突出部;所述等强度梁位于所述突出部上方的部分的横截面面积自上向下逐渐增大,所述等强度梁位于所述突出部下方的部分的横截面面积自上向下逐渐减小,所述套筒及其轴线呈水平方向位于两根等强度梁之间,所述水平上横梁(6)、垂直立柱梁(2;4)和水平下横梁(1)通过所述垂直预应力拉杆装置(71)预紧成一体;The combined bidirectional prestressed load-bearing frame comprises two vertical pillar beams (2; 4) of the same size and symmetrical, and horizontal upper beams respectively supported at the top and bottom of the vertical pillar beams (2; 4) (6) and a horizontal lower beam (1), and a vertical prestressed rod device (71), the vertical column beam (2; 4) comprising two equal-strength beams and sleeves, two of the equal-strength beams passing through The sleeve is laterally coupled, and the equal-strength beam has a rectangular cross section, a plane on the inner side, and a protrusion on the outer side; the cross-sectional area of the portion of the equal-strength beam above the protrusion gradually increases from the top to the bottom. Large, the cross-sectional area of the portion of the equal-strength beam below the protrusion gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the sleeve and its axis are horizontally located between two equal-strength beams, at the level The beam (6), the vertical column beam (2; 4) and the horizontal lower beam (1) are pre-tightened by the vertical prestressed rod device (71);所述组合式双“X”型复合导向架包括两个大小结构相同且前后对称的导向体(51;52)和活动横梁(3),所述导向体(51;52)的导向侧具有凸出部分,所述凸出部分的上部两侧对称设置有第一导向面,所述凸出部分的下部两侧对称设置有第二导向面,第一导向面和第二导向面的延长线均通过所述组合式双向预应力承载机架的中心,两个所述导向体(51;52)上端通过预应力拉杆固定联结,两个所述导向体(51;52)的下部均与所述活动横梁(3)与固定连结;The combined double "X" type composite guide frame comprises two guiding bodies (51; 52) and a movable beam (3) having the same size and symmetrical structure, and the guiding side of the guiding body (51; 52) has a convex side. a second guiding surface is symmetrically disposed on both sides of the upper portion of the protruding portion, and a second guiding surface is symmetrically disposed on both sides of the lower portion of the protruding portion, and the extension lines of the first guiding surface and the second guiding surface are respectively The upper ends of the two guiding bodies (51; 52) are fixedly coupled by a prestressed tie rod through the center of the combined bidirectional prestressing bearing frame, and the lower portions of the two guiding bodies (51; 52) are The movable beam (3) is fixedly connected;所述垂直立柱梁(2;4)的上部对称设置有与所述第一导向面相对应的导向面,所述水平上横梁(6)设置有与所述第二导向面相对应的导向面且位于所述垂直立柱梁(2;4)正上方;The upper portion of the vertical pillar beam (2; 4) is symmetrically disposed with a guiding surface corresponding to the first guiding surface, and the horizontal upper beam (6) is provided with a guiding surface corresponding to the second guiding surface and located The vertical pillar beam (2; 4) is directly above;所述上垂直主工作缸(9)设置在所述水平上横梁(6)内,所述左水平主工作缸(121)设置在一个所述垂直立柱梁(2;4)的套筒中,所述右水平主工作缸(122)设置在另一个所述垂直立柱梁(2;4)的套筒中,所述下垂直穿孔或顶出缸(16)设置在所述水平下横梁(1)内,所述上垂直穿孔缸(10)设置在所述上垂直主工作缸(9)中,所述左水平穿孔缸(131)设置在所述左水平主工作缸(121)中,所述右水平穿孔缸(132)设置在所述右水平主工作缸(122)中。The upper vertical main working cylinder (9) is disposed in the horizontal upper cross beam (6), and the left horizontal main working cylinder (121) is disposed in a sleeve of one of the vertical pillar beams (2; 4), The right horizontal main working cylinder (122) is disposed in a sleeve of the other of the vertical pillar beams (2; 4), and the lower vertical perforating or ejecting cylinder (16) is disposed at the horizontal lower beam (1) The upper vertical perforating cylinder (10) is disposed in the upper vertical main working cylinder (9), and the left horizontal perforating cylinder (131) is disposed in the left horizontal main working cylinder (121). The right horizontal perforating cylinder (132) is disposed in the right horizontal main working cylinder (122).
- 根据权利要求1所述的多向模复合挤压液压机,其特征在于:所述水平上横梁(6)和水平下横梁(1)均为凸型等强度梁,所述水平上横梁(6)的凸出体与所述水平下横梁(1)的凸出体相对设置,所述水平上横梁(6)的两个凸肩平面分别与两根所述垂直立柱梁(2;4)的顶端相接,所述水平下横梁(1)的两个凸肩平面分别与两根所述垂 直立柱梁(2;4)的底端相接,所述水平上横梁(6)的凸出体的两个侧面分别与两根所述垂直立柱梁(2;4)的顶部内侧面相接触,所述水平下横梁(1)的凸出体的两个侧面分别与两根所述垂直立柱梁(2;4)的底部内侧面相接触。The multi-directional composite extrusion hydraulic press according to claim 1, wherein said horizontal upper beam (6) and said horizontal lower beam (1) are convex equal-strength beams, said horizontal upper beam (6) The convex body is disposed opposite to the convex body of the horizontal lower beam (1), and the two shoulder planes of the horizontal upper beam (6) are respectively opposite to the top ends of the two vertical pillar beams (2; 4) In connection, the two shoulder planes of the horizontal lower beam (1) are respectively separated from the two The bottom ends of the upright column beams (2; 4) are connected, and the two sides of the protrusions of the horizontal upper beam (6) are respectively in contact with the top inner sides of the two vertical column beams (2; 4), The two sides of the protruding body of the horizontal lower beam (1) are respectively in contact with the bottom inner sides of the two vertical pillar beams (2; 4).
- 根据权利要求2所述的多向模复合挤压液压机,其特征在于:还包括底部水平预应力拉杆装置(72)和顶部水平预应力拉杆装置(73),两根所述垂直立柱梁(2;4)的底部和所述水平下横梁(1)的凸出体通过所述底部水平预应力拉杆装置(72)预紧成一体,两根所述垂直立柱梁(2;4)的顶部和所述水平上横梁(6)的凸出体通过所述顶部水平预应力拉杆装置(73)预紧成一体。The multi-directional composite extrusion hydraulic press according to claim 2, further comprising a bottom horizontal prestressed rod device (72) and a top horizontal prestressed rod device (73), and said two vertical column beams (2) The bottom of the 4) and the protrusion of the horizontal lower beam (1) are pre-tightened by the bottom horizontal prestressed rod device (72), the top of the two vertical column beams (2; 4) and The projections of the horizontal upper cross member (6) are pre-tightened by the top horizontal prestressed drawbar device (73).
- 根据权利要求2所述的多向模复合挤压液压机,其特征在于:所述垂直立柱梁(2;4)的顶端与所述水平上横梁(6)的凸肩平面为键连接,所述垂直立柱梁(2;4)的底端与所述水平下横梁(1)的凸肩平面为键连接。The multi-directional composite extrusion hydraulic press according to claim 2, wherein a top end of the vertical pillar beam (2; 4) is keyed to a shoulder plane of the horizontal upper beam (6), The bottom end of the vertical pillar beam (2; 4) is keyed to the shoulder plane of the horizontal lower beam (1).
- 根据权利要求1所述的多向模复合挤压液压机,其特征在于:所述垂直预应力拉杆装置(71)包括多根细拉杆,所述细拉杆的直径为160~280mm。The multi-directional composite extrusion hydraulic press according to claim 1, wherein said vertical pre-stressed rod device (71) comprises a plurality of thin rods having a diameter of 160 to 280 mm.
- 根据权利要求3所述的多向模复合挤压液压机,其特征在于:所述底部水平预应力拉杆装置(72)和/或顶部水平预应力拉杆装置(73)均包括多根细拉杆,所述细拉杆的直径为160~280mm。The multi-directional composite extrusion hydraulic press according to claim 3, wherein said bottom horizontal prestressed drawbar device (72) and/or top horizontal prestressed drawbar device (73) each comprise a plurality of thin drawbars. The diameter of the thin rod is 160 to 280 mm.
- 根据权利要求1所述的多向模复合挤压液压机,其特征在于:与所述第一导向面和第二导向面相对应的导向面上均设置有导滑板。The multi-directional composite extrusion hydraulic press according to claim 1, wherein a guide slide is provided on the guide surfaces corresponding to the first guide surface and the second guide surface.
- 根据权利要求1所述的多向模复合挤压液压机,其特征在于:同一所述导向体(51;52)中两个所述第一导向面之间的夹角为60°-100°,同一所述导向体(51;52)中两个所述第二导向面之间的夹角为60°-100°,同一所述导向体(51;52)中两个所述第一导向面之间的夹角与两个所述第二导向面之间的夹角不同。The multi-directional composite extrusion hydraulic press according to claim 1, wherein an angle between two of the first guiding surfaces in the same guiding body (51; 52) is 60°-100°, An angle between two of the second guiding surfaces in the same guiding body (51; 52) is 60°-100°, and two of the first guiding surfaces in the same guiding body (51; 52) The angle between the two is different from the angle between the two second guiding faces.
- 根据权利要求1所述的多向模复合挤压液压机,其特征在于:两个所述导向体(51;52)的下部均通过十字键和螺杆与所述活动横梁(3)与固定连结。 The multi-directional composite extrusion hydraulic press according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower portions of the two guide bodies (51; 52) are fixedly coupled to the movable beam (3) by means of a cross key and a screw.
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CN201410307085.8A CN104129093B (en) | 2014-06-30 | 2014-06-30 | Multidirectional mould Compound Extrusion hydraulic press |
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CN109848239A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-06-07 | 南京迪威尔高端制造股份有限公司 | The heavy dies preheating of multidirectional double acting hydraulic extrusion press and fast replacement system and method |
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