WO2015196351A1 - 旋转式流体机械及转子轴向窜动消除方法 - Google Patents

旋转式流体机械及转子轴向窜动消除方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015196351A1
WO2015196351A1 PCT/CN2014/080594 CN2014080594W WO2015196351A1 WO 2015196351 A1 WO2015196351 A1 WO 2015196351A1 CN 2014080594 W CN2014080594 W CN 2014080594W WO 2015196351 A1 WO2015196351 A1 WO 2015196351A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotor
cylinder
bearing
support structure
supported
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/080594
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
侯晓莉
Original Assignee
江苏策略自动化***有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 江苏策略自动化***有限公司 filed Critical 江苏策略自动化***有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2014/080594 priority Critical patent/WO2015196351A1/zh
Priority to US15/322,182 priority patent/US10280921B2/en
Priority to CN201510163648.5A priority patent/CN104863853B/zh
Priority to CN201520208193.XU priority patent/CN204591672U/zh
Publication of WO2015196351A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015196351A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/0021—Systems for the equilibration of forces acting on the pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C27/00—Sealing arrangements in rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C27/008—Sealing arrangements in rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids for other than working fluid, i.e. the sealing arrangements are not between working chambers of the machine
    • F04C27/009—Shaft sealings specially adapted for pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/30—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/30—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F04C18/40—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and having a hinged member
    • F04C18/46—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and having a hinged member with vanes hinged to the outer member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/02—Lubrication; Lubricant separation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/04—Heating; Cooling; Heat insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/12—Arrangements for admission or discharge of the working fluid, e.g. constructional features of the inlet or outlet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2240/00—Components
    • F04C2240/20—Rotors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2240/00—Components
    • F04C2240/30—Casings or housings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2240/00—Components
    • F04C2240/50—Bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2240/00—Components
    • F04C2240/60—Shafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2240/00—Components
    • F04C2240/60—Shafts
    • F04C2240/603—Shafts with internal channels for fluid distribution, e.g. hollow shaft

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a rotary fluid mechanical device, and more particularly to a device for rotating a rotor and a cylinder in a compressor, a fluid pump, a vacuum pump, a multi-phase mixing pump, etc., specifically An externally supported rotary fluid machine and a method for eliminating axial turbulence of the rotor.
  • a rotary fluid machine represented by a rotary compressor is highly recommended for its small size, low wear, stable operation, and low noise.
  • the Chinese patent ZL2008100067148 is a relatively ideal rotary compressor.
  • the compressor is characterized in that the cylinder and the rotor are composed of two cylinders, and the relative movement speed between them is extremely small.
  • the cylinder 2 is supported in the casing 1 through the bearing 16 to ensure the flexible rotation of the cylinder 2, as shown in Fig. 1. It shows that the bearing is in contact with the air inlet chamber and is easily affected by the medium pollution, which affects the service life.
  • the rotor is subjected to a certain axial displacement due to the pressure of the discharge medium (gas or liquid), so that the distance between the end surface of the rotor and the end surface of the inner wall of the cylinder is reduced, and in severe cases, collision or Intensified wear, the traditional treatment method is to add a high pressure chamber at one end of the rotor, and use the high pressure introduced from the high pressure chamber to balance the thrust.
  • the problem of this structure is that the complexity of the structure is increased, and the second is due to the introduction.
  • the pressure attenuation is large, and it is easy to fail, which has fatal consequences.
  • the current practice is to add a monitoring mechanism to prevent the excessive movement caused by excessive axial movement. When the clearance is less than the set value, The system automatically cuts off the shutdown and alarms, which greatly increases manufacturing costs and reliability, and there is currently no good solution. Summary of the invention
  • the object of the present invention is to design a new support structure and rotor axial direction for the problem that the bearing arrangement of the supporting cylinder is unreasonable and the axial clearance compensation is difficult in the existing rotary fluid mechanical equipment.
  • An externally supported rotary fluid machine comprising a casing 1, a cylinder 2 and a rotor 3, the rotor 3 being eccentrically mounted in a cylinder 2, the cylinder being mounted in the casing 1, one end of the sliding plate 5 being inserted into the rotor 3, and the other end being embedded in the cylinder
  • the tank 1 is provided with a fluid inlet 4, a fluid inlet is arranged on the working section of the cylinder, and a fluid discharge port 6 is arranged on the cylinder supporting section, characterized in that the supporting end of the rotor 3 protrudes out of the casing 1
  • the support section (corresponding to the cylinder head on one side) supported in the rotor bearing support structure 7 and/or the cylinder 2 is also supported outside the casing 1 and supported in the cylinder bearing support structure 8.
  • the rotor bearing support structure 7 is installed in a closed space formed by the shaft seal structure to improve the lubrication and cooling effect, and to prevent the high pressure and high temperature fluid from contaminating the bearings and the lubricant in the rotor bearing support structure 7.
  • the cylinder bearing support structure 8 is installed in a closed space formed by the shaft seal structure to improve the lubrication and cooling effect, and prevent the high pressure and high temperature fluid from contaminating the bearings and the lubricant in the cylinder bearing support structure 8.
  • the shaft seal structure is composed of a thread seal structure 9 and a shaft seal structure 18 which can reduce the high pressure generated during rotation.
  • the rotor bearing support structure 7 and the cylinder bearing support structure 8 are each composed of two bearings 12, a spacer 13 between the two bearings, a jacket 14 and an end seal plate 15.
  • An externally supported rotary fluid machine comprising a casing 1, a cylinder 2 and a rotor 3, the rotor 3 being eccentrically mounted in a cylinder 2, the cylinder being mounted in the casing 1, one end of the sliding plate 5 being inserted into the rotor 3, and the other end being embedded in the cylinder
  • the tank 1 is provided with a fluid inlet 4, a fluid inlet is arranged on the working section of the cylinder, and a fluid discharge port 6 is arranged on the cylinder supporting section, characterized in that the supporting end of the rotor 3 protrudes out of the casing 1
  • the support section supported in the rotor bearing support structure 7 and/or the cylinder 2 is also supported by the housing 1 in the cylinder bearing support structure 8; the support end of the rotor 3 is mounted on the support end to eliminate the shaft
  • the planar bearing 10 that is worn between the rotor end face and the cylinder end cap 11 is displaced, reduced, and eliminated.
  • An externally supported rotary fluid machine comprising a casing 1, a cylinder 2 and a rotor 3, the rotor 3 being eccentrically mounted in a cylinder 2, the cylinder being mounted in the casing 1, and one end of the sliding plate 5 being inserted into the rotor 3,
  • One end is embedded in the cylinder wall, the tank 1 is provided with a fluid inlet 4, the working section of the cylinder is provided with a fluid inlet, and the cylinder supporting section is provided with a fluid discharge port 6, which is characterized in that the supporting end of the rotor 3 is mounted
  • the planar bearing 10 capable of eliminating axial displacement and reducing wear between the rotor end face and the cylinder end cap 11 can be eliminated.
  • the planar bearing structure is located at one or both ends of the installed device.
  • the power input is a rotor or a cylinder.
  • the outer support structure capable of forming a separately sealed bearing working chamber and the one or all of the planar bearing structure capable of eliminating axial swaying are used in a rotary compressor, a liquid pump, a vacuum pump, and a multiphase mixed pump.
  • a method for preventing axial turbulence of a rotary fluid machine rotor characterized in that a plane bearing is mounted on one end of the rotor outside the tank body, and the axial thrust of the rotor is offset by the reaction force of the plane bearing, so that the rotor and the rotor A set gap is maintained between the inner end faces of the cylinders.
  • the invention fundamentally solves the problem of the service life of the difficult rotary fluid mechanical bearing, can ensure the long-term operation of the bearing without damage, and the bearing is installed in a relatively sealed structure to protect the bearing from high temperature, high pressure and fluid impurities.
  • the lubrication effect can be guaranteed, which greatly prolongs the trouble-free working cycle of the equipment and significantly improves the reliability of the equipment.
  • Bearing life can be extended by more than ten times.
  • the invention also overcomes the technical prejudice and applies the traditional planar bearing to the axial turbulence elimination, and ensures the elimination of the axial turbulence from the mechanical structure, is completely reliable, and has a simple structure, such as a conventional monitoring mechanism. It can guarantee that equipment damage caused by axial turbulence will not occur, and it also provides protection for early warning of monitoring equipment.
  • the invention has wide application and can be widely applied to various types of rotary fluid mechanical equipment such as compressors, fluid pumps, vacuum pumps, multi-phase mixed pumps and the like.
  • the invention is beneficial to increase the rotational speed of the rotating component, increase the displacement, improve the specification and the variety, and make the manufacture of the large-scale product more convenient.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a conventional rotary compressor.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
  • An externally supported rotary compressor (which may also be one of a fluid pump, a vacuum pump or a multi-phase mixed pump), comprising a tank 1, a cylinder 2 and a rotor 3, the rotor 3 being eccentrically mounted in the cylinder 2, the rotor 3
  • the power end extends out of the casing 1 and is connected to a driving prime mover (such as a motor).
  • a driving prime mover such as a motor
  • the cylinder is installed in the casing 1.
  • One end of the sliding plate 5 is inserted into the rotor 3, and the other end is embedded in the cylinder wall.
  • the tank 1 is provided with a fluid inlet 4, the cylinder working section 20 is provided with a fluid inlet (not shown), and the cylinder supporting section 19 is provided with a fluid discharge port 6 (exhaust port or drain port).
  • the bearing end of the rotor 3 extends out of the housing 1 and is supported in the rotor bearing support structure 7.
  • the bearing end of the cylinder 2 also extends out of the housing 1 and is supported in the cylinder bearing support structure 8.
  • the rotor bearing support structure 7 and the cylinder bearing support structure 8 can each be composed of two bearings 12, a spacer 13 between the two bearings, a jacket 14 and an end seal plate 15. As shown in FIG.
  • the rotor bearing support structure 7 and the cylinder bearing support structure 8 are both installed in a sealed space formed by the shaft seal structure to improve the lubrication cooling effect, and prevent the high-pressure, high-temperature fluid from contaminating the rotor bearing support structure 7 and
  • the bearings and lubricants in the cylinder bearing support structure 8 block the leakage and compression leakage of the inlet fluid medium.
  • the shaft seal structure may be composed of a thread seal structure 9 and a shaft seal structure 18 which can reduce the high pressure generated during rotation.
  • the outer support structure may also be provided only on one side of the rotor or on the side of the cylinder, while the other side is still supported in a conventional manner.
  • An externally supported rotary compressor (which may also be one of a fluid pump, a vacuum pump or a multi-phase mixed pump), comprising a tank 1, a cylinder 2 and a rotor 3, the rotor 3 being eccentrically mounted in the cylinder 2, the rotor 3
  • the power end extends out of the casing 1 and is connected to a driving prime mover (such as a motor).
  • a driving prime mover such as a motor
  • the cylinder is installed in the casing 1.
  • One end of the sliding plate 5 is inserted into the rotor 3, and the other end is embedded in the cylinder wall.
  • the tank 1 is provided with a fluid inlet 4, the cylinder working section 20 is provided with a fluid inlet (not shown), and the cylinder supporting section 19 is provided with a fluid discharge port 6 (gas or liquid), the rotor 3
  • the support end protrudes from the housing 1 and is supported in the rotor bearing support structure 7.
  • the support end of the cylinder 2 also extends out of the housing 1 and is supported in the cylinder bearing support structure 8.
  • the support end of the rotor 3 A planar bearing 10 is mounted thereon that eliminates axial displacement, reduces, and eliminates wear between the rotor end face and the cylinder end cap 11.
  • the rotor bearing support structure 7 and the cylinder bearing support structure 8 can each be composed of two bearings 12, a spacer 13 between the two bearings, a jacket 14 and an end seal plate 15. As shown in FIG. 2, the rotor bearing support structure 7 and the cylinder bearing support structure 8 are both installed in a sealed space formed by a shaft seal structure to improve lubrication and cooling effect, and prevent high-pressure, high-temperature fluid from contaminating the rotor bearing support structure 7 and Bearings and lubricants in the cylinder bearing support structure 8.
  • the shaft sealing structure may be composed of a thread seal structure 9 and a shaft seal structure 18 capable of reducing high pressure generated during rotation.
  • a plane bearing 10 capable of eliminating the axial gap of the rotor is added.
  • One end of the plane bearing abuts against the stepped surface on the rotor supporting end (rotor shaft), and the other end is opposite to the end seal plate 17.
  • the end seal plate 17 is fixed to the case 1 by a connecting member. It can be seen from Fig. 2 that the plane bearing not only ensures that the rotation of the rotor is not affected, but also counteracts the reaction force transmitted from the step surface, so that the rotor shaft does not move axially due to the force.
  • An externally supported rotary compressor (which may also be one of a fluid pump, a vacuum pump or a multi-phase mixed pump), comprising a tank 1, a cylinder 2 and a rotor 3, the rotor 3 being eccentrically mounted in the cylinder 2, the rotor 3
  • the power end extends out of the casing 1 and is connected to a driving prime mover (such as a motor).
  • a driving prime mover such as a motor
  • the cylinder is installed in the casing 1.
  • One end of the sliding plate 5 is inserted into the rotor 3, and the other end is embedded in the cylinder wall.
  • the tank 1 is provided with a fluid inlet 4, the cylinder working section 20 is provided with a fluid inlet (not shown), and the cylinder supporting section 19 is provided with a fluid discharge port 6, and the rotor 3 is mounted on the supporting end.
  • a planar bearing 10 capable of eliminating axial displacement, reducing and eliminating wear between the rotor end face and the cylinder end cap 11, one end of the planar bearing abutting against the stepped surface on the rotor support end (rotor shaft), and the other end and the end seal plate 17, the end seal plate 17 is fixed to the casing 1 by a connecting member. It can be seen from Fig. 2 that the plane bearing not only ensures that the rotation of the rotor is not affected, but also counteracts the reaction force transmitted from the step surface, so that the rotor shaft does not move axially due to the force.
  • the difference between this embodiment and the second embodiment is that whether the bearing supporting the cylinder is a conventional built-in type or the external type of the second embodiment can directly adopt the planar bearing structure of the embodiment to eliminate the axial yaw gap of the rotor. That is to say, a plane bearing can be mounted on one end of the rotor outside the casing, and the axial thrust of the rotor can be offset by the resilience of the plane bearing to maintain a set gap between the rotor and the inner end surface of the cylinder.
  • the rotor 3 may be the integral structure in FIG. 2, It is also possible to design a segmented combination structure, such as separately manufacturing the input input section and the working section and then combining them into a unitary structure.
  • the cylinder 2 can also be designed with a component body structure, and the support section 19 (with the outlet passage) of Fig. 2 is combined with the working section 20 to form a complete cylinder 2.
  • the power input end can also be changed from the rotor support section to the cylinder support section, and both have the same technical effect.
  • the plain bearing can be located at one or both ends of the installed equipment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)

Abstract

一种外支承旋转式流体机械及转子轴向窜动消除方法，所述的流体机械包括箱体（1）、气缸（2）和转子（3），转子（3）偏心安装气缸（2）中，气缸安装在箱体（1）中，滑板（5）的一端***转子（3）中，另一端嵌入气缸壁中，箱体（1）上设有流体进口（4），气缸上设有流体排出口（6），所述的转子（3）的支承端伸出箱体（1）外支承在转子轴承支承结构（7）中，所述的气缸（2）的支承端也伸出箱体（1）外支承在气缸轴承支承结构（8）中。通过在转子位于箱体外的一端上安装一平面轴承（10），利用平面轴承的反作用力抵消转子所受的轴向推力，使转子与气缸内端面之间保持设定的间隙，轴承润滑效果好，寿命长，无转子轴向窜动间隙，可广泛应用于各类旋转式流体机械设备中。

Description

旋转式流体机械及转子轴向窜动消除方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种旋转式流体机械设备， 尤其是一种能用于压缩机、 流体 泵、 真空泵、 多相混输泵等设备中的转子和缸体同歩旋转的设备， 具体地说 是一种外支承旋转式流体机械及转子轴向窜动消除方法。
背景技术
目前， 以旋转式压缩机为代表的旋转式流体机械以其结构尺寸小、 磨损 小、 运转平稳、 噪音低而备受推崇， 如中国专利 ZL2008100067148是一种较 为理想结构的旋转式压缩机。 这种压缩机的特点是气缸、 转子由两个圆柱体 组成，它们之间的相对运动速度极小，气缸 2通过轴承 16支承在箱体 1中以 保证气缸 2的灵活转动， 如图 1所示， 由于轴承与进气腔相通极易受到介质 污染而影响使用寿命， 同时由于轴承与出气口高温高压气体密封困难， 极易 受到排气口高温高压流体的影响而缩短使用寿命， 而轴承的损坏对旋转式压 缩机而言是致命的， 对此目前尚无好的解决方案， 严重影响了此类设备的正 常、 长期运行。
此外， 在旋转式压缩机中转子由于受到排出介质 （气体或液体） 压力的 作用， 转子会发生一定的轴向位移， 使转子端面与气缸内壁端面之间的距离 缩小， 严重时会产生碰撞或加剧磨损， 传统的处理方法是在转子的一端增加 一个高压腔， 利用从高压腔引入的高压来平衡这种推力， 这种结构存在的问 题一是增加了结构的复杂性， 二是由于引入的压力衰减较大， 极易失效产生 致命后果， 为防止此类事故的发生， 目前的做法是还要增加一套防止轴向移 动过大造成磨损加剧的监测机构， 当间隙小于设定值时， ***自动切断停机 并报警， 这大大增加了制造成本和可靠性， 对此， 目前也无好的解决方案。 发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有的旋转式流体机械设备中因支承气缸的轴承配 置不合理和轴向间隙补偿难度大的问题， 设计一种全新支承结构和转子轴向 补偿形式的旋转式流体机械， 同时提供一种转子轴向窜动消除的方法。
本发明的技术方案之一是：
一种外支承旋转式流体机械， 它包括箱体 1、 气缸 2和转子 3， 转子 3 偏心安装气缸 2中， 气缸安装在箱体 1中， 滑板 5的一端***转子 3中， 另 一端嵌入气缸壁中， 箱体 1上设有流体进口 4， 气缸工作段上设有流体进口， 气缸支承段上设有流体排出口 6，其特征是所述的转子 3的支承端伸出箱体 1 外支承在转子轴承支承结构 7中和 /或所述的气缸 2的支承段（相当于一侧的 气缸盖） 也伸出箱体 1外支承在气缸轴承支承结构 8中。
所述的转子轴承支承结构 7安装在由轴密封结构形成的密闭空间中以提 高润滑冷却效果， 防止高压、 高温流体污染转子轴承支承结构 7中的轴承及 润滑剂。
所述的气缸轴承支承结构 8安装在由轴密封结构形成的密闭空间中以提 高润滑冷却效果， 防止高压、 高温流体污染气缸轴承支承结构 8中的轴承及 润滑剂。
所述的轴密封结构由能降低在旋转时产生的高压的螺纹密封结构 9和轴 封结构 18组成。
所述的转子轴承支承结构 7和气缸轴承支承结构 8均由两个轴承 12、位 于两个轴承之间的隔圈 13、 外套 14和端封板 15组成。
本发明的技术方案之二是：
一种外支承旋转式流体机械， 它包括箱体 1、 气缸 2和转子 3， 转子 3 偏心安装气缸 2中， 气缸安装在箱体 1中， 滑板 5的一端***转子 3中， 另 一端嵌入气缸壁中， 箱体 1上设有流体进口 4， 气缸工作段上设有流体进口， 气缸支承段上设有流体排出口 6，其特征是所述的转子 3的支承端伸出箱体 1 外支承在转子轴承支承结构 7中和 /或所述的气缸 2的支承段也伸出箱体 1外 支承在气缸轴承支承结构 8中； 所述的转子 3的支承端上安装有能消除其轴 向位移、 减少、 消除转子端面与气缸端盖 11之间磨损的平面轴承 10。
本发明的技术方案之三是：
一种外支承旋转式流体机械， 它包括箱体 1、 气缸 2和转子 3， 转子 3 偏心安装气缸 2中， 气缸安装在箱体 1中， 滑板 5的一端***转子 3中， 另 一端嵌入气缸壁中， 箱体 1上设有流体进口 4， 气缸工作段上设有流体进口， 气缸支承段上设有流体排出口 6， 其特征是所述的转子 3的支承端上安装有 能消除其轴向位移，减少、消除转子端面与气缸端盖 11之间磨损的平面轴承 10。 所述的平面轴承结构位于所安装设备的一端或两端。
动力输入端为转子或气缸。
本发明的技术方案之四是：
能形成独立密封的轴承工作腔的外支承结构和能消除轴向窜动的平面轴 承结构之一或全部在回转式压缩机、液体泵、真空泵、多相混输泵中的应用。
本发明的技术方案之五是：
一种防止旋转式流体机械转子轴向窜动的方法， 其特征是在转子位于箱 体外的一端上安装一平面轴承， 利用平面轴承的反作用力抵消转子所受的轴 向推力， 使转子与气缸内端面之间保持设定的间隙。
本发明的有益效果：
本发明从根本上解决了困难旋转式流体机械轴承使用寿命的难题， 能保 证轴承长期运转而不损坏， 轴承安装在一个相对密封的结构中能使轴承免受 高温、 高压和流体杂质的影响， 润滑效果能得到保证， 大大地延长了设备无 故障工作周期， 明显提高设备的可靠性。 轴承使用寿命可延长十倍以上。
本发明还通过克服技术偏见， 将传统的平面轴承应用到轴向窜动消除 中， 从机械结构上保证了轴向窜动的消除， 完全可靠， 结构简单， 如再配以 传统的监测机构， 则可保证不会出现因轴向窜动而导致的设备损坏， 它也为 监测设备提前预警提供了保障。
本发明用途广泛， 可广泛应用于各类旋转式流体机械设备如压缩机、 流 体泵、 真空泵、 多相混输泵等机械设备中。
本发明有利于提高旋转部件的转速， 增加排量， 完善规格品种， 使大规 格产品制造更为便捷。
附图说明
图 1是现有的旋转式压缩机的结构示意图。
图 2是本发明的结构示意图。
具体实施方式 下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一歩的说明。
实施例一。
如图 2所示。
一种外支承旋转式压缩机 （也可为流体泵、 真空泵或多相混输泵中的一 种）， 它包括箱体 1、 气缸 2和转子 3， 转子 3偏心安装气缸 2中， 转子 3的 动力端伸出箱体 1外与驱动原动机 （如电机） 相连， 如图 2中左端所示， 气 缸安装在箱体 1中， 滑板 5的一端***转子 3中， 另一端嵌入气缸壁中， 箱 体 1上设有流体进口 4， 气缸工作段 20上设有流体进口 （图中未示出）， 气 缸支承段 19上设有流体排出口 6 (排气口或排液口）所述的转子 3的支承端 伸出箱体 1外支承在转子轴承支承结构 7中， 所述的气缸 2的支承端也伸出 箱体 1外支承在气缸轴承支承结构 8中。 所述的转子轴承支承结构 7和气缸 轴承支承结构 8均可由两个轴承 12、 位于两个轴承之间的隔圈 13、 外套 14 和端封板 15组成。如图 2所示，所述的转子轴承支承结构 7和气缸轴承支承 结构 8均安装在由轴密封结构形成的密闭空间中以提高润滑冷却效果， 防止 高压、 高温流体污染转子轴承支承结构 7及气缸轴承支承结构 8中的轴承及 润滑剂， 同时阻断了进口流体介质泄漏及压缩泄漏。 具体实施时， 所述的轴 密封结构可以由能降低在旋转时产生的高压的螺纹密封结构 9和轴封结构 18 组成。 具体实施时， 外支承结构还可仅在转子一侧或气缸一侧设置， 另一侧 仍采用传统方式支承。
实施例二。
一种外支承旋转式压缩机（也可为流体泵、真空泵或多相混输泵中的一 种）， 它包括箱体 1、 气缸 2和转子 3， 转子 3偏心安装气缸 2中， 转子 3的 动力端伸出箱体 1外与驱动原动机 （如电机） 相连， 如图 2中左端所示， 气 缸安装在箱体 1中， 滑板 5的一端***转子 3中， 另一端嵌入气缸壁中， 箱 体 1上设有流体进口 4， 气缸工作段 20上设有流体进口 （图中未示出）， 气 缸支承段 19上设有流体排出口 6 (气体或液体）， 所述的转子 3的支承端伸 出箱体 1外支承在转子轴承支承结构 7中， 所述的气缸 2的支承端也伸出箱 体 1外支承在气缸轴承支承结构 8中， 所述的转子 3的支承端上安装有能消 除其轴向位移、 减少、 消除转子端面与气缸端盖 11之间磨损的平面轴承 10。 所述的转子轴承支承结构 7和气缸轴承支承结构 8均可由两个轴承 12、位于 两个轴承之间的隔圈 13、 外套 14和端封板 15组成。 如图 2所示， 所述的转 子轴承支承结构 7和气缸轴承支承结构 8均安装在由轴密封结构形成的密闭 空间中以提高润滑冷却效果， 防止高压、 高温流体污染转子轴承支承结构 7 及气缸轴承支承结构 8中的轴承及润滑剂。 具体实施时， 所述的轴密封结构 可以由能降低在旋转时产生的高压的螺纹密封结构 9和轴封结构 18组成。
本实施例与实施例一的区别是增加了一个能消除转子轴向间隙的平面 轴承 10， 平面轴承的一端与转子支承端（转子轴）上的台阶面相抵， 另一端 与端封板 17相抵， 端封板 17通过连接件固定在箱体 1上。 从图 2中可以看 出， 平面轴承不仅能保证转子的转动不受影响， 而且可抵销从台阶面处传递 过来的反作用力， 使转子轴不会因受力而产生轴向移动。
实施例三。
一种外支承旋转式压缩机 （也可为流体泵、 真空泵或多相混输泵中的一 种）， 它包括箱体 1、 气缸 2和转子 3， 转子 3偏心安装气缸 2中， 转子 3的 动力端伸出箱体 1外与驱动原动机 （如电机） 相连， 如图 2中左端所示， 气 缸安装在箱体 1中， 滑板 5的一端***转子 3中， 另一端嵌入气缸壁中， 箱 体 1上设有流体进口 4， 气缸工作段 20上设有流体进口 （图中未示出）， 气 缸支承段 19上设有流体排出口 6，所述的转子 3的支承端上安装有能消除其 轴向位移、 减少、 消除转子端面与气缸端盖 11之间磨损的平面轴承 10， 平 面轴承的一端与转子支承端（转子轴）上的台阶面相抵， 另一端与端封板 17 相抵， 端封板 17通过连接件固定在箱体 1上。从图 2中可以看出， 平面轴承 不仅能保证转子的转动不受影响， 而且可抵销从台阶面处传递过来的反作用 力， 使转子轴不会因受力而产生轴向移动。
本实施例与实施例二的区别是不论支承气缸的轴承是传统的内置式， 还 是实施例二的外置式均可单独采用本实施例的平面轴承结构来消除转子的轴 向窜动间隙，也就是说，可通过在转子位于箱体外的一端上安装一平面轴承， 利用平面轴承的回弹力抵消转子所受的轴向推力， 使转子与气缸内端面之间 保持设定的间隙。
具体实施时，本发明实施例一至三中，转子 3可为图 2中的整体式结构， 也可设计成分段式组合结构， 如将动入输入段和工作段分开制造然后组合成 一个整体结构。 气缸 2也可设计成分体结构， 将图 2中的支承段 19 (带有排 出口通道） 与工作段 20组合形成一个完全的气缸 2。
此外， 具体实施时， 还可将动力输入端从转子支承段改为气缸支承段， 两者具有同等的技术效果。
根据能产生轴向窜动的轴的位置的不同， 平面轴承可以位于所安装设备 的一端或两端。
以上仅是本发明的部分最佳实施方式， 本领域技术人员可根据本发明的 启示将独立的轴承密封支承结构和平面轴承部分或全部应用于类似的回转设 备中， 而这些均被认为属于本发明的保护范围之中。
本发明未涉及部分均与现有技术相同或可采用现有技术加以实现。

Claims

权利要求
1、 一种外支承旋转式流体机械， 它包括箱体 （1)、 气缸 （2) 和转子 （3)， 转子 （3) 偏心安装气缸 （2) 中， 气缸安装在箱体 （1) 中， 滑板 （5) 的一 端***转子（3) 中， 另一端嵌入气缸壁中， 箱体（1)上设有流体进口 （4)， 气缸工作段上设有流体进口， 气缸支承段上设有流体排出口 （6)， 其特征是 所述的转子（3) 的支承端伸出箱体（1)外支承在转子轴承支承结构（7) 中 和 /或所述的气缸（2) 的支承段也伸出箱体（1)外支承在气缸轴承支承结构
(8) 中。
2、根据权利要求 1所述的外支承旋转式流体机械，其特征是所述的转子轴承 支承结构 （7) 安装在由轴密封结构形成的密闭空间中以提高润滑冷却效果， 防止高压、 高温流体污染转子轴承支承结构 （7) 中的轴承及润滑剂。
3、根据权利要求 1所述的外支承旋转式流体机械，其特征是所述的气缸轴承 支承结构 （8) 安装在由轴密封结构形成的密闭空间中以提高润滑冷却效果， 防止高压、 高温流体污染气缸轴承支承结构 （8) 中的轴承及润滑剂。
4、根据权利要求 2或 3所述的外支承旋转式流体机械，其特征是所述的轴密 封结构由能降低在旋转时产生的高压的螺纹密封结构 （9) 和轴封结构 （18) 组成。
5、根据权利要求 1所述的外支承旋转式流体机械，其特征是所述的转子轴承 支承结构（7)和气缸轴承支承结构（8)均由两个轴承（12)、 位于两个轴承 之间的隔圈 （13)、 外套 （14) 和端封板 （15) 组成。
6、 一种外支承旋转式流体机械， 它包括箱体 （1)、 气缸 （2) 和转子 （3)， 转子 （3) 偏心安装气缸 （2) 中， 气缸安装在箱体 （1) 中， 滑板 （5) 的一 端***转子（3) 中， 另一端嵌入气缸壁中， 箱体（1)上设有流体进口 （4)， 气缸工作段上设有流体进口， 气缸支承段上设有流体排出口 （6)， 其特征是 所述的转子（3) 的支承端伸出箱体（1)外支承在转子轴承支承结构（7) 中 和 /或所述的气缸（2) 的支承段也伸出箱体（1)外支承在气缸轴承支承结构
(8) 中； 所述的转子 （3) 的支承端上安装有能消除其轴向位移， 减少、 消 除转子端面与气缸端盖 （11) 之间磨损的平面轴承 （10)。
7、 一种旋转式流体机械， 它包括箱体（1 )、 气缸（2)和转子（3 )， 转子（3 ) 偏心安装气缸（2) 中， 气缸安装在箱体（1 ) 中， 滑板（5 ) 的一端***转子
(3 ) 中， 另一端嵌入气缸壁中， 箱体 （1 ) 上设有流体进口 （4)， 气缸工作 段上设有流体进口， 气缸支承段上设有流体排出口 （6)， 其特征是所述的转 子（3 )的支承端上安装有能消除其轴向位移， 减少、 消除转子端面与气缸端 盖 （11 ) 之间磨损的平面轴承 （10)。
8、 根据权利 1、 6或 7所述的外支承旋转式流体机械， 其特征是动力输入端 为转子或气缸。
9、 一种权利要求 1一 8任一外支承旋转式流体机械， 其特征是能形成独立密 封的轴承工作腔的外支承结构和能消除轴向窜动的平面轴承结构之一或全部 在回转式压缩机、 液体泵、 真空泵、 多相混输泵中的应用； 所述的平面轴承 结构位于所安装设备的一端或两端。
10、 一种防止旋转式流体机械转子轴向窜动的方法， 其特征是在转子位于箱 体外的一端上安装一平面轴承， 利用平面轴承的反作用力抵消转子所受的轴 向推力， 使转子与气缸内端面之间保持设定的间隙。
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