WO2015192273A1 - Self-adaptive modeling apparatus for three-phase alternating-current electric arc furnace, and simulation algorithm therefor - Google Patents
Self-adaptive modeling apparatus for three-phase alternating-current electric arc furnace, and simulation algorithm therefor Download PDFInfo
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- the invention relates to the field of power quality analysis and control, in particular to a three-phase alternating current arc furnace adaptive modeling device and a simulation algorithm thereof.
- AC arc furnaces are typically non-linear loads and one of the most influential on power quality.
- Electric arc furnace modeling is the premise of electric energy quality analysis work of electric arc furnace. Whether the model is accurate or not, whether it is reasonable or not, whether the applicability is strong or not determines whether the follow-up work can be carried out smoothly.
- the operating conditions of the electric arc furnace are complex and variable, so it is necessary to establish an electric arc furnace modeling device suitable for various working conditions.
- the current EAF model often assumes three-phase balance, and the single-phase arc furnace represents three-phase research, mainly including nonlinear time-varying resistance model, nonlinear time-varying voltage source model, time-varying resistance model based on energy conservation.
- the actual three-phase power of the electric arc furnace is not equal, and the three-phase unbalance problem is serious.
- the electric arc furnace model obtained by the above assumption is difficult to reflect the actual operating state of the electric arc furnace.
- such a single-phase electric arc furnace model cannot be adjusted according to the change of the electric arc furnace working condition, and cannot correspond to the actual working condition.
- the present invention provides an adaptive modeling device for a three-phase AC arc furnace, characterized in that the three-phase AC arc furnace adaptive modeling device comprises: a bus bar 1, an electric arc furnace 3, a tester 6.
- the secondary side of the voltage transformer 5 is electrically connected to the voltage waveform input end of the tester 6; the secondary side of the current transformer 4 and the tester 6
- the current waveform input terminal is electrically connected;
- the data output end of the tester 6 is connected to the operational data acquisition end of the integrated modeling machine 7; the model communication end of the basic modeling machine 8 is connected to the Ethernet line 9
- the model communication terminal of the integrated modeler 7 is connected.
- the present invention provides a method for adaptive modeling and simulation of a three-phase AC arc furnace using an adaptive modeling device for a three-phase AC arc furnace, the method being divided into the following steps:
- the simplified model of the electric arc furnace contains parameters to be determined and can reflect Output characteristics of the electric arc furnace;
- the three-phase operating power of the electric arc furnace and the mathematical model in the second step the three-phase electric arc furnace adaptive algorithm is determined to obtain the electric arc furnace model parameters;
- the present invention provides a three-phase alternating current arc furnace adaptive modeling method using the three-phase alternating current arc furnace adaptive modeling device according to claim 1, the method comprising the following steps:
- the secondary side of the voltage transformer 5 is electrically connected to the voltage waveform input end of the tester 6; the secondary side of the current transformer 9 and the current waveform of the tester 6 are input.
- the data output end of the tester 6 is connected to the operational data acquisition end of the integrated modeling machine 7; the tester 6 tests and counts the real-time operational data of the electric arc furnace 2, and The test data results are transmitted to the integrated modeling machine 7;
- the collected electric arc furnace parameters are input into the basic modeling machine 8; the basic modeling machine 8 establishes an equivalent model according to the basic model of the electric arc furnace 3 and the input parameters.
- the obtained equivalent model is subjected to simplified calculation to form a corresponding mathematical model, and the established mathematical model is transmitted to the integrated modeling machine 7 through two-way communication;
- the integrated modeler 7 calculates a comprehensive model suitable for the operating system of the electric arc furnace and The parameter finally leads to a simulation model close to the actual operating condition of the electric arc furnace 3, and realizes the derivation of the model data.
- the function is the
- the adaptive modeling device of the three-phase electric arc furnace can not only reflect the three-phase unbalance problem of the electric arc furnace, but also can correspondingly change the model parameters according to the change of the working condition to correspond thereto.
- the invention optimizes and adjusts the parameters of the simulation model according to the actual operating conditions, and can more accurately reflect the actual electrical characteristics of the electric arc furnace, thereby improving the power quality phenomenon of the electric arc furnace under different operating conditions and improving the load capacity of the electric arc furnace to receive the electric arc furnace. Provide a theoretical basis.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a three-phase alternating current arc furnace adaptive modeling apparatus according to the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing an output I-V characteristic of an electric arc furnace according to an embodiment of an adaptive modeling apparatus for a three-phase alternating current arc furnace according to the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a three-phase AC arc furnace model equivalent circuit of an embodiment of a three-phase AC arc furnace adaptive modeling apparatus according to the present invention.
- the invention provides an adaptive modeling device for a three-phase alternating current arc furnace, comprising a busbar 1, an electric arc furnace 3, a tester 6, an integrated modeling machine 7, and a basic modeling machine 8.
- a transformer 2, an electric arc furnace 3 and a voltage transformer 5 are electrically connected to the busbar 1, and a current transformer 4 is arranged on the electric arc furnace 3.
- the secondary side of the voltage transformer 5 is electrically connected to the voltage waveform input end of the tester 6, and the secondary side of the current transformer 9 is electrically connected to the current waveform input end of the tester 6, and the data output end of the tester 6 is integrated.
- the operating data acquisition end of the molding machine 7 is connected, and the model communication end of the basic modeling machine 8 is connected to the model communication end of the integrated modeling machine 7 through the Ethernet line 9. Achieve two-way communication.
- the invention provides an adaptive modeling method for a three-phase alternating current arc furnace, comprising the following steps:
- the secondary side of the voltage transformer 5 is electrically connected to the voltage waveform input end of the tester 6, and the secondary side of the current transformer 9 is electrically connected to the current waveform input end of the tester 6, and the data of the tester 6
- the output is connected to the operational data acquisition end of the integrated modeler 7.
- the tester 6 tests and counts the real-time operational data of the electric arc furnace 2, and transmits the test data results to the integrated modeler 7.
- the collected electric arc furnace parameters are input into the basic modeling machine 8, and the basic modeling machine 8 establishes an equivalent model according to the basic model of the electric arc furnace 3 and the input parameters, and is simplified.
- a corresponding mathematical model is formed, and the mathematical model is transmitted to the integrated modeling machine 7 through two-way communication.
- the comprehensive modeling machine 7 calculates a comprehensive model and parameters suitable for the operating system of the electric arc furnace, and finally obtains A simulation model close to the operating condition of the electric arc furnace 3 is provided, and a model data export function is provided.
- An adaptive modeling simulation algorithm for a three-phase AC arc furnace includes the following steps:
- the first step is to establish an equivalent model of a three-phase AC arc furnace that comprehensively reflects the power quality problem of the electric arc furnace.
- the equivalent model contains parameters that need to be obtained according to actual working conditions.
- the output characteristic curve of the electric arc furnace is shown in Fig. 2. It can be seen from the figure that the relationship between the voltage and current of the electric arc furnace is nonlinear, which makes modeling very difficult. For this purpose, it is segmented.
- the first stage the arc begins to ignite, and when the arc voltage rises to zero, the current also crosses zero.
- the equivalent circuit can be regarded as an open circuit, and leakage current is present.
- a constant resistance (V g /i g ) is used to describe the relationship between voltage and current.
- I m is the amplitude of the current in amperes; i g is a constant current, in amperes, V g is a constant voltage; B1 and b2 is the time constant; V a (t) is the A phase voltage electric arc furnace, the unit In volts, i a (t) is the phase A current in amps; V d1 is the arc furnace voltage value in volts when the current tends to the maximum.
- the second step is to equilibrate the power supply system and simplify the electric arc furnace model in the first step to facilitate calculation, and then establish a mathematical model of the electric arc furnace and its power supply system.
- the electric arc furnace simplified model contains parameters to be determined and can reflect the output characteristics of the electric arc furnace.
- V a (t), V b (t), V c (t) respectively, arc furnace A, B, C phase voltage in volts; V d1, V d2, V d3 respectively A, B, The corresponding arc furnace voltage in units of volts when the C-phase current tends to the maximum value.
- R and L respectively represent the line resistance and inductance of the power supply system are calculated to the secondary side of the transformer, and the units are ohm and hen.
- U A, U B, U C the power supply voltage is scaled to the three-phase voltage of the secondary side of the transformer, the expression:
- the third step according to the power supply line and transformer parameters, the three-phase operating power of the electric arc furnace and the mathematical model in the second step, determine the adaptive algorithm of the three-phase electric arc furnace to obtain the parameters of the electric arc furnace model.
- Va, Vb, and Vc are discrete functions with respect to time, it is inconvenient to calculate, and Fourier decomposition is performed and the first four items are taken:
- P a , P b , P c be equal to the three-phase actual operating power P a,n , P b,n ,P c,n of the electric arc furnace , and the other three descriptions V d1 , V d2 , V d3 , Equation:
- the values of V d1 , V d2 , and V d3 corresponding to the actual operating power can be obtained.
- an adaptive determination of the parameters corresponding to the actual operating conditions is achieved.
- This algorithm can be used to obtain the corresponding model parameters whenever the operating conditions change.
- Part IV Substituting the model parameter values obtained in the third step into equation (1), and obtaining a three-phase model reflecting the actual operating state of the electric arc furnace.
- the above-established model can be used to analyze the power quality related problems of the electric arc furnace under different working conditions.
- the modeling device and the simulation method thereof are based on a conventional power quality testing instrument and a modeling analysis system, and the wiring form is simple, and the simulation calculation is combined with the measured data, and the modeling simulation result is intuitive and accurate.
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Abstract
A self-adaptive modeling apparatus for a three-phase alternating-current electric arc furnace and a simulation algorithm therefor, which relate to the field of power quality analysis and control. The self-adaptive modeling apparatus for a three-phase electric arc furnace can reflect the three-phase unbalance problem of the electric arc furnace, and can correspondingly change model parameters according to the change of working conditions so that the model parameters are corresponding to the working conditions. According to the apparatus and the simulation algorithm therefor, simulation model parameters are optimized and adjusted according to actual operating conditions, and real power utilization characteristics of the electric arc furnace can be reflected more accurately, so that a theoretical basis is provided for the research on power quality phenomena of the electric arc furnace under different operating conditions and for the improvement on the receptivity of a power grid to the electric arc furnace load.
Description
本发明涉及电能质量分析与控制领域，具体为一种三相交流电弧炉自适应建模装置及其仿真算法。The invention relates to the field of power quality analysis and control, in particular to a three-phase alternating current arc furnace adaptive modeling device and a simulation algorithm thereof.
近年来，各种非线性负荷的增加导致电力***电能质量问题日益严重，危及电力***的安全经济运行。交流电弧炉是典型的非线性负荷，也是对电能质量影响最大的负荷之一。In recent years, the increase of various non-linear loads has led to an increasingly serious problem of power quality in power systems, jeopardizing the safe and economic operation of power systems. AC arc furnaces are typically non-linear loads and one of the most influential on power quality.
电弧炉建模是电弧炉电能质量分析工作的前提。模型的精确与否，合理与否，适用性强与否决定了后续工作能否顺利展开。电弧炉运行工况复杂多变，所以需要建立一种适用于多种工况的电弧炉建模装置。Electric arc furnace modeling is the premise of electric energy quality analysis work of electric arc furnace. Whether the model is accurate or not, whether it is reasonable or not, whether the applicability is strong or not determines whether the follow-up work can be carried out smoothly. The operating conditions of the electric arc furnace are complex and variable, so it is necessary to establish an electric arc furnace modeling device suitable for various working conditions.
目前的电弧炉模型往往假设三相平衡，以单相电弧炉代表三相进行研究，主要包括非线性时变电阻模型，非线性时变电压源模型，基于能量守恒的时变电阻模型等。而实际电弧炉三相功率并不相等，三相不平衡问题严重，进行上述假设得到的电弧炉模型难以反映电弧炉实际运行状态。并且这种单相电弧炉模型往往不能根据电弧炉工况的改变进行调整，无法与实际工况相对应。The current EAF model often assumes three-phase balance, and the single-phase arc furnace represents three-phase research, mainly including nonlinear time-varying resistance model, nonlinear time-varying voltage source model, time-varying resistance model based on energy conservation. The actual three-phase power of the electric arc furnace is not equal, and the three-phase unbalance problem is serious. The electric arc furnace model obtained by the above assumption is difficult to reflect the actual operating state of the electric arc furnace. Moreover, such a single-phase electric arc furnace model cannot be adjusted according to the change of the electric arc furnace working condition, and cannot correspond to the actual working condition.
发明内容Summary of the invention
(一)要解决的技术问题(1) Technical problems to be solved
(1)根据三相功率的变化实时调整模型；(1) Adjust the model in real time according to the change of three-phase power;
(2)研究不同运行工况下的电弧炉电能质量问题。(2) Study on the power quality of electric arc furnace under different operating conditions.
(二)技术方案(2) Technical plan
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种三相交流电弧炉自适应建模装置，其特征在于，所述三相交流电弧炉自适应建模装置包括：母线1、电弧炉3、测试仪6、综合建模机7和基础建模机8；所述母线1上分别电连接有变压器2、电弧炉3和电压互感器5；所述电弧炉3上设有电流互感器4；所述电压互感器5的二次侧与所述测试仪6的电压波形输入端电连接；所述电流互感器4的二次侧与所述测试仪6
的电流波形输入端电连接；所述测试仪6的数据输出端与所述综合建模机7的运行数据采集端连接；所述基础建模机8的模型通讯端通过以太网线9与所述综合建模机7的模型通讯端连接。In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides an adaptive modeling device for a three-phase AC arc furnace, characterized in that the three-phase AC arc furnace adaptive modeling device comprises: a bus bar 1, an electric arc furnace 3, a tester 6. The integrated modeling machine 7 and the basic modeling machine 8; the busbar 1 is electrically connected to the transformer 2, the electric arc furnace 3 and the voltage transformer 5 respectively; the electric arc furnace 3 is provided with a current transformer 4; The secondary side of the voltage transformer 5 is electrically connected to the voltage waveform input end of the tester 6; the secondary side of the current transformer 4 and the tester 6
The current waveform input terminal is electrically connected; the data output end of the tester 6 is connected to the operational data acquisition end of the integrated modeling machine 7; the model communication end of the basic modeling machine 8 is connected to the Ethernet line 9 The model communication terminal of the integrated modeler 7 is connected.
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种应用三相交流电弧炉自适应建模装置进行三相交流电弧炉自适应建模仿真的方法，所述方法分为如下步骤：In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a method for adaptive modeling and simulation of a three-phase AC arc furnace using an adaptive modeling device for a three-phase AC arc furnace, the method being divided into the following steps:
建立综合反映电弧炉电能质量问题的三相交流电弧炉等效模型，所述等效模型中含有需要根据实际工况来求取的参数；Establish an equivalent model of a three-phase AC arc furnace that comprehensively reflects the power quality problem of the electric arc furnace, and the equivalent model contains parameters that need to be obtained according to actual working conditions;
对供电***进行等效，并对第一步中的电弧炉模型简化以方便计算，进而建立电弧炉简化模型及其供电***数学模型；所述电弧炉简化模型中含待确定的参数并能够反映电弧炉的输出特性；Equivalent to the power supply system, and simplify the electric arc furnace model in the first step to facilitate calculation, and then establish a simplified model of the electric arc furnace and a mathematical model of the power supply system; the simplified model of the electric arc furnace contains parameters to be determined and can reflect Output characteristics of the electric arc furnace;
根据供电线路及变压器参数，电弧炉三相运行功率以及第二步中的数学模型，确定三相电弧炉自适应算法，以求取电弧炉模型参数；According to the power supply line and transformer parameters, the three-phase operating power of the electric arc furnace and the mathematical model in the second step, the three-phase electric arc furnace adaptive algorithm is determined to obtain the electric arc furnace model parameters;
将模型参数代入到电弧炉模型中完成建模。Substituting the model parameters into the EAF model to complete the modeling.
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种应用权利要求1所述的三相交流电弧炉自适应建模装置进行三相交流电弧炉自适应建模方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a three-phase alternating current arc furnace adaptive modeling method using the three-phase alternating current arc furnace adaptive modeling device according to claim 1, the method comprising the following steps:
第一步，将所述电压互感器5的二次侧与所述测试仪6的电压波形输入端电连接；将所述电流互感器9的二次侧与所述测试仪6的电流波形输入端电连接；所述测试仪6的数据输出端与所述综合建模机7的运行数据采集端连接；所述测试仪6对所述电弧炉2的实时运行数据进行测试和统计，并将测试数据结果传输给综合建模机7；In the first step, the secondary side of the voltage transformer 5 is electrically connected to the voltage waveform input end of the tester 6; the secondary side of the current transformer 9 and the current waveform of the tester 6 are input. The data output end of the tester 6 is connected to the operational data acquisition end of the integrated modeling machine 7; the tester 6 tests and counts the real-time operational data of the electric arc furnace 2, and The test data results are transmitted to the integrated modeling machine 7;
第二步，将搜集到的电弧炉参数输入到所述基础建模机8中；所述基础建模机8根据所述电弧炉3的基本模型和录入参数建立与之相适应的等效模型；将得到的等效模型经过简化计算，形成相应数学模型，通过双向通讯将建立数学模型传输至所述综合建模机7中；In the second step, the collected electric arc furnace parameters are input into the basic modeling machine 8; the basic modeling machine 8 establishes an equivalent model according to the basic model of the electric arc furnace 3 and the input parameters. The obtained equivalent model is subjected to simplified calculation to form a corresponding mathematical model, and the established mathematical model is transmitted to the integrated modeling machine 7 through two-way communication;
第三步、根据第前两步中所述测试仪6的实测数据和基础建模机8输出的数学模型，所述综合建模机7运算得出适用于该电弧炉运行***的综合模型和参数，最终得出接近于所述电弧炉3真实运行工况的仿真模型，并实现对模型数据导出
的功能。In the third step, according to the measured data of the tester 6 and the mathematical model output by the basic modeler 8 in the first two steps, the integrated modeler 7 calculates a comprehensive model suitable for the operating system of the electric arc furnace and The parameter finally leads to a simulation model close to the actual operating condition of the electric arc furnace 3, and realizes the derivation of the model data.
The function.
(三)有益效果(3) Beneficial effects
三相电弧炉的自适应建模装置不仅能反映电弧炉的三相不平衡问题，而且能根据工况的改变相应的改变模型参数以与之对应。本发明根据实际运行工况对仿真模型参数进行优化和调整，能够更加准确反映电弧炉真实用电特性，从而为研究不同运行工况下的电弧炉电能质量现象，提升电网接纳电弧炉负荷能力，提供理论基础。The adaptive modeling device of the three-phase electric arc furnace can not only reflect the three-phase unbalance problem of the electric arc furnace, but also can correspondingly change the model parameters according to the change of the working condition to correspond thereto. The invention optimizes and adjusts the parameters of the simulation model according to the actual operating conditions, and can more accurately reflect the actual electrical characteristics of the electric arc furnace, thereby improving the power quality phenomenon of the electric arc furnace under different operating conditions and improving the load capacity of the electric arc furnace to receive the electric arc furnace. Provide a theoretical basis.
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only It is a certain embodiment of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained from those skilled in the art without any creative work.
图1是根据本发明一种三相交流电弧炉自适应建模装置一个实施例的结构示意图；1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a three-phase alternating current arc furnace adaptive modeling apparatus according to the present invention;
图2是根据本发明一种三相交流电弧炉自适应建模装置一个实施例的电弧炉输出I-V特性曲线；2 is a graph showing an output I-V characteristic of an electric arc furnace according to an embodiment of an adaptive modeling apparatus for a three-phase alternating current arc furnace according to the present invention;
图3是根据本发明一种三相交流电弧炉自适应建模装置一个实施例的三相交流电弧炉模型等效电路。3 is a three-phase AC arc furnace model equivalent circuit of an embodiment of a three-phase AC arc furnace adaptive modeling apparatus according to the present invention.
下面结合说明书附图和实施例，对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例仅用于说明本发明，但不能用来限制本发明的范围。The specific embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
本发明提供一种三相交流电弧炉自适应建模装置，包括母线1，电弧炉3，测试仪6，综合建模机7和基础建模机8。在母线1上分别电连接有变压器2、电弧炉3和电压互感器5；在电弧炉3上设有电流互感器4。电压互感器5的二次侧与测试仪6的电压波形输入端电连接，电流互感器9的二次侧与测试仪6的电流波形输入端电连接，测试仪6的数据输出端与综合建模机7的运行数据采集端连接，基础建模机8的模型通讯端通过以太网线9与综合建模机7的模型通讯端连接，
实现双向通讯。The invention provides an adaptive modeling device for a three-phase alternating current arc furnace, comprising a busbar 1, an electric arc furnace 3, a tester 6, an integrated modeling machine 7, and a basic modeling machine 8. A transformer 2, an electric arc furnace 3 and a voltage transformer 5 are electrically connected to the busbar 1, and a current transformer 4 is arranged on the electric arc furnace 3. The secondary side of the voltage transformer 5 is electrically connected to the voltage waveform input end of the tester 6, and the secondary side of the current transformer 9 is electrically connected to the current waveform input end of the tester 6, and the data output end of the tester 6 is integrated. The operating data acquisition end of the molding machine 7 is connected, and the model communication end of the basic modeling machine 8 is connected to the model communication end of the integrated modeling machine 7 through the Ethernet line 9.
Achieve two-way communication.
本发明提供一种三相交流电弧炉自适应建模方法，包括以下步骤：The invention provides an adaptive modeling method for a three-phase alternating current arc furnace, comprising the following steps:
第一步、将电压互感器5的二次侧与测试仪6的电压波形输入端电连接，电流互感器9的二次侧与测试仪6的电流波形输入端电连接，测试仪6的数据输出端与综合建模机7的运行数据采集端连接。测试仪6对电弧炉2的实时运行数据进行测试和统计，并将测试数据结果传输给综合建模机7。In the first step, the secondary side of the voltage transformer 5 is electrically connected to the voltage waveform input end of the tester 6, and the secondary side of the current transformer 9 is electrically connected to the current waveform input end of the tester 6, and the data of the tester 6 The output is connected to the operational data acquisition end of the integrated modeler 7. The tester 6 tests and counts the real-time operational data of the electric arc furnace 2, and transmits the test data results to the integrated modeler 7.
第二步、将搜集到的电弧炉参数输入到基础建模机8中，基础建模机8根据电弧炉3的基本模型和录入参数，建立与之相适应的等效模型，并经过简化计算，形成相应数学模型，通过双向通讯将建立数学模型传输至综合建模机7中。In the second step, the collected electric arc furnace parameters are input into the basic modeling machine 8, and the basic modeling machine 8 establishes an equivalent model according to the basic model of the electric arc furnace 3 and the input parameters, and is simplified. A corresponding mathematical model is formed, and the mathematical model is transmitted to the integrated modeling machine 7 through two-way communication.
第三步、根据第前两步中测试仪6的实测数据和基础建模机8输出的数学模型，综合建模机7运算得出适用于该电弧炉运行***的综合模型和参数，最终得出接近于电弧炉3真是运行工况的仿真模型，并提供模型数据导出功能。In the third step, according to the measured data of the tester 6 in the first two steps and the mathematical model output by the basic modeler 8, the comprehensive modeling machine 7 calculates a comprehensive model and parameters suitable for the operating system of the electric arc furnace, and finally obtains A simulation model close to the operating condition of the electric arc furnace 3 is provided, and a model data export function is provided.
一种三相交流电弧炉自适应建模仿真算法，包括以下步骤：An adaptive modeling simulation algorithm for a three-phase AC arc furnace includes the following steps:
第一步：建立综合反映电弧炉电能质量问题的三相交流电弧炉等效模型，等效模型中含有需要根据实际工况来求取的参数。The first step is to establish an equivalent model of a three-phase AC arc furnace that comprehensively reflects the power quality problem of the electric arc furnace. The equivalent model contains parameters that need to be obtained according to actual working conditions.
电弧炉输出I-V特性曲线如图2所示，由图可见电弧炉电压与电流之间的关系是非线性的，这使得建模非常困难。为此，将其进行分段处理。第一阶段：电弧开始点燃，当电弧电压升高到零，电流也过零点。等效电路可以看作是一个开路，漏电流是存在的，在此阶段用一恒定电阻(Vg/ig)描述电压和电流的关系；第二阶段：电弧已建立，在电弧熔化过程中，电弧电压突然下降，然后趋于稳定。这个过程以一带有时间常数(b1)的倒数函数来描述。第三阶段，电弧开始熄灭，电弧电压较平缓的下降。这个过程仍以一倒数函数来描述，其中带有的时间常数为b2。综上所述得到如公式(1)所示的电弧炉输出特性的数学模型(以A相为例)。
The output characteristic curve of the electric arc furnace is shown in Fig. 2. It can be seen from the figure that the relationship between the voltage and current of the electric arc furnace is nonlinear, which makes modeling very difficult. For this purpose, it is segmented. The first stage: the arc begins to ignite, and when the arc voltage rises to zero, the current also crosses zero. The equivalent circuit can be regarded as an open circuit, and leakage current is present. At this stage, a constant resistance (V g /i g ) is used to describe the relationship between voltage and current. The second stage: the arc is established during the arc melting process. The arc voltage suddenly drops and then tends to stabilize. This process is described by a reciprocal function with a time constant (b1). In the third stage, the arc begins to extinguish and the arc voltage drops gently. This process is still described by a reciprocal function with a time constant of b2. In summary, a mathematical model of the output characteristics of the electric arc furnace as shown in the formula (1) is obtained (for example, the phase A).
其中
Im为电流的幅值，单位为安培；ig为不变电流，单位为安培，Vg为不变电压；b1和b2是时间常数；Va(t)为A相电弧炉电压，单位为伏特，ia(t)为A相电流，单位为安培；Vd1为电流趋向于最大值时的电弧炉电压值，单位为伏特。among them I m is the amplitude of the current in amperes; i g is a constant current, in amperes, V g is a constant voltage; B1 and b2 is the time constant; V a (t) is the A phase voltage electric arc furnace, the unit In volts, i a (t) is the phase A current in amps; V d1 is the arc furnace voltage value in volts when the current tends to the maximum.
第二步：对供电***进行等效，并对第一步中的电弧炉模型简化以方便计算，进而建立电弧炉及其供电***数学模型。其中电弧炉简化模型中含待确定的参数并能够反映电弧炉的输出特性。The second step is to equilibrate the power supply system and simplify the electric arc furnace model in the first step to facilitate calculation, and then establish a mathematical model of the electric arc furnace and its power supply system. The electric arc furnace simplified model contains parameters to be determined and can reflect the output characteristics of the electric arc furnace.
电弧炉及其供电***的等效电路图如图3所示。其中，为了计算方便将三相电弧炉模型简化为：The equivalent circuit diagram of the electric arc furnace and its power supply system is shown in Figure 3. Among them, the three-phase arc furnace model is simplified to be convenient for calculation:
式中，Va(t)、Vb(t)、Vc(t)分别为电弧炉A、B、C相电压，单位为伏特；Vd1、Vd2、Vd3分别为A、B、C相电流趋向于最大值时对应的电弧炉电压，单位为伏特。 Wherein, V a (t), V b (t), V c (t) respectively, arc furnace A, B, C phase voltage in volts; V d1, V d2, V d3 respectively A, B, The corresponding arc furnace voltage in units of volts when the C-phase current tends to the maximum value.
根据图3及戴维南定理可得：According to Figure 3 and the Thevenin's theorem:
其中R与L分别代表供电***线路电阻和电感归算到变压器二次侧的值，单位分别为欧姆和亨。UA、UB、UC为电源电压归算到变压器二次侧的三相电压，表达式为：Where R and L respectively represent the line resistance and inductance of the power supply system are calculated to the secondary side of the transformer, and the units are ohm and hen. U A, U B, U C the power supply voltage is scaled to the three-phase voltage of the secondary side of the transformer, the expression:
第三步：根据供电线路及变压器参数，电弧炉三相运行功率以及第二步中的数学模型，确定三相电弧炉自适应算法，以求取电弧炉模型参数。The third step: according to the power supply line and transformer parameters, the three-phase operating power of the electric arc furnace and the mathematical model in the second step, determine the adaptive algorithm of the three-phase electric arc furnace to obtain the parameters of the electric arc furnace model.
因Va、Vb、Vc是关于时间的离散函数，不方便计算，将其进行傅里叶分解并取前4项：Since Va, Vb, and Vc are discrete functions with respect to time, it is inconvenient to calculate, and Fourier decomposition is performed and the first four items are taken:
其中
分别代表三相电流ia、ib、ic的初始相角。among them Represents the initial phase angles of the three-phase currents i a , i b , i c , respectively.
将其分别带入公式(5)～(7)中，可求得ia、ib、ic的表达式，继而求得Pa、Pb、Pc的表达式。如下所示：By introducing them into the formulas (5) to (7), the expressions of ia, ib, and ic can be obtained, and then the expressions of P a , P b , and P c are obtained. As follows:
其中 
among them
其中 
among them
因为
所以根据公式(11)-(13)可得：because So according to formulas (11)-(13):
令Pa、Pb、Pc等于电弧炉三相实际运行功率Pa，n、Pb，n、Pc，n，可得另外三个描述Vd1、Vd2、Vd3、
的方程：Let P a , P b , P c be equal to the three-phase actual operating power P a,n , P b,n ,P c,n of the electric arc furnace , and the other three descriptions V d1 , V d2 , V d3 , Equation:
利用迭代法求由方程(17)～(22)构成的方程组即可求得对应于实际运行功率的Vd1、Vd2、Vd3的值。从而实现了对应于实际工况的参数的自适应求取。每当工况改变即可利用此算法求取相对应的模型参数。Using the iterative method to obtain the equations consisting of equations (17) to (22), the values of V d1 , V d2 , and V d3 corresponding to the actual operating power can be obtained. Thereby an adaptive determination of the parameters corresponding to the actual operating conditions is achieved. This algorithm can be used to obtain the corresponding model parameters whenever the operating conditions change.
第四部：将第三步中求取的模型参数值代入式(1)，得到反映电弧炉实际运行状态的三相模型。Part IV: Substituting the model parameter values obtained in the third step into equation (1), and obtaining a three-phase model reflecting the actual operating state of the electric arc furnace.
结合实际供电情况，采用上述建立的模型即可分析不同工况下电弧炉电能质量相关问题。Combined with the actual power supply situation, the above-established model can be used to analyze the power quality related problems of the electric arc furnace under different working conditions.
本建模装置及其仿真方法是基于常规电能质量测试仪器及建模分析***，接线形式简单，注重仿真计算与实测数据结合，建模仿真结果直观准确。The modeling device and the simulation method thereof are based on a conventional power quality testing instrument and a modeling analysis system, and the wiring form is simple, and the simulation calculation is combined with the measured data, and the modeling simulation result is intuitive and accurate.
以上实施方式仅用于说明本发明，而非对本发明的限制。尽管参照实施例对本发明进行了详细说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，对本发明的技术方案进行各种组合、修改或者等同替换，都不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围，均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. While the invention has been described in detail herein with reference to the embodiments of the embodiments of the present invention Within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (3)
- 一种三相交流电弧炉自适应建模装置，其特征在于，所述三相交流电弧炉自适应建模装置包括：母线(1)、电弧炉(3)、测试仪(6)、综合建模机(7)和基础建模机(8)；所述母线(1)上分别电连接有变压器(2)、电弧炉(3)和电压互感器(5)；所述电弧炉(3)上设有电流互感器(4)；所述电压互感器(5)的二次侧与所述测试仪(6)的电压波形输入端电连接；所述电流互感器(4)的二次侧与所述测试仪(6)的电流波形输入端电连接；所述测试仪(6)的数据输出端与所述综合建模机(7)的运行数据采集端连接；所述基础建模机(8)的模型通讯端通过以太网线(9)与所述综合建模机(7)的模型通讯端连接。An adaptive modeling device for a three-phase alternating current arc furnace, characterized in that the three-phase alternating current arc furnace adaptive modeling device comprises: a bus bar (1), an electric arc furnace (3), a tester (6), and a comprehensive construction a molding machine (7) and a basic modeling machine (8); the busbar (1) is electrically connected with a transformer (2), an electric arc furnace (3) and a voltage transformer (5); the electric arc furnace (3) a current transformer (4) is disposed thereon; a secondary side of the voltage transformer (5) is electrically connected to a voltage waveform input end of the tester (6); a secondary side of the current transformer (4) Electrically connected to the current waveform input end of the tester (6); the data output end of the tester (6) is connected to the operational data acquisition end of the integrated modeler (7); the basic modeling machine The model communication end of (8) is connected to the model communication end of the integrated modeler (7) via an Ethernet line (9).
- 一种应用权利要求1所述的三相交流电弧炉自适应建模装置进行三相交流电弧炉自适应建模仿真的方法，所述方法分为如下步骤：A method for adaptively modeling and simulating a three-phase alternating current arc furnace using the three-phase alternating current arc furnace adaptive modeling device according to claim 1, the method is divided into the following steps:建立综合反映电弧炉电能质量问题的三相交流电弧炉等效模型，所述等效模型中含有需要根据实际工况来求取的参数；Establish an equivalent model of a three-phase AC arc furnace that comprehensively reflects the power quality problem of the electric arc furnace, and the equivalent model contains parameters that need to be obtained according to actual working conditions;对供电***进行等效，并对第一步中的电弧炉模型简化以方便计算，进而建立电弧炉简化模型及其供电***数学模型；所述电弧炉简化模型中含待确定的参数并能够反映电弧炉的输出特性；Equivalent to the power supply system, and simplify the electric arc furnace model in the first step to facilitate calculation, and then establish a simplified model of the electric arc furnace and a mathematical model of the power supply system; the simplified model of the electric arc furnace contains parameters to be determined and can reflect Output characteristics of the electric arc furnace;根据供电线路及变压器参数，电弧炉三相运行功率以及第二步中的数学模型，确定三相电弧炉自适应算法，以求取电弧炉模型参数；According to the power supply line and transformer parameters, the three-phase operating power of the electric arc furnace and the mathematical model in the second step, the three-phase electric arc furnace adaptive algorithm is determined to obtain the electric arc furnace model parameters;将模型参数代入到电弧炉模型中完成建模。Substituting the model parameters into the EAF model to complete the modeling.
- 一种应用权利要求1所述的三相交流电弧炉自适应建模装置进行三相交流电弧炉自适应建模方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：An adaptive modeling method for a three-phase alternating current arc furnace using the three-phase alternating current arc furnace adaptive modeling device according to claim 1, the method comprising the following steps:第一步，将所述电压互感器(5)的二次侧与所述测试仪(6)的电压波形输入端电连接；将所述电流互感器(9)的二次侧与所述测试仪(6)的电流波形输入端电连接；所述测试仪(6)的数据输出端与所述综合建模机(7)的运行数据采集端连接；所述测试仪(6)对所述电弧炉(2)的实时运行数据进行测试和统计，并将测试数据结果传输给综合建模机(7)；In the first step, the secondary side of the voltage transformer (5) is electrically connected to the voltage waveform input end of the tester (6); the secondary side of the current transformer (9) is connected to the test The current waveform input end of the meter (6) is electrically connected; the data output end of the tester (6) is connected to the operational data acquisition end of the integrated modeler (7); the tester (6) is The real-time operating data of the electric arc furnace (2) is tested and counted, and the test data results are transmitted to the integrated modeling machine (7);第二步，将搜集到的电弧炉参数输入到所述基础建模机(8)中；所述基础建 模机(8)根据所述电弧炉(3)的基本模型和录入参数建立与之相适应的等效模型；将得到的等效模型经过简化计算，形成相应数学模型，通过双向通讯将建立数学模型传输至所述综合建模机(7)中；In the second step, the collected electric arc furnace parameters are input into the basic modeling machine (8); the basic construction The molding machine (8) establishes an equivalent model according to the basic model and the input parameters of the electric arc furnace (3); the obtained equivalent model is simplified to form a corresponding mathematical model, and the mathematical model is established through two-way communication. The model is transmitted to the integrated modeler (7);第三步、根据第前两步中所述测试仪(6)的实测数据和基础建模机(8)输出的数学模型，所述综合建模机(7)运算得出适用于该电弧炉运行***的综合模型和参数，最终得出接近于所述电弧炉(3)真实运行工况的仿真模型，并实现对模型数据导出的功能。 In the third step, according to the measured data of the tester (6) and the mathematical model of the output of the basic modeling machine (8), the integrated modeling machine (7) is calculated and applied to the electric arc furnace. The comprehensive model and parameters of the operating system are finally obtained, and a simulation model close to the actual operating condition of the electric arc furnace (3) is finally obtained, and the function of deriving the model data is realized.
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