WO2015184695A1 - 采用红土镍矿联产镍生铁和岩棉制品的工艺 - Google Patents

采用红土镍矿联产镍生铁和岩棉制品的工艺 Download PDF

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WO2015184695A1
WO2015184695A1 PCT/CN2014/085955 CN2014085955W WO2015184695A1 WO 2015184695 A1 WO2015184695 A1 WO 2015184695A1 CN 2014085955 W CN2014085955 W CN 2014085955W WO 2015184695 A1 WO2015184695 A1 WO 2015184695A1
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Prior art keywords
rock wool
cotton
nickel ore
pig iron
hot melt
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PCT/CN2014/085955
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
薄其珉
花建华
王峰
周良
张建军
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山东炜烨节能新材料有限公司
山东炜烨镍业有限公司
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Publication of WO2015184695A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015184695A1/zh

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
    • C03B37/005—Manufacture of flakes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B11/00—Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces
    • C21B11/10—Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces in electric furnaces

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of inorganic materials, and particularly relates to a process for co-production of nickel pig iron and rock wool products by laterite nickel ore.
  • the traditional rock wool is made of coke as the main fuel and basalt as the main raw material. It is commonly used in cupola melting smelting melt. After melting at high temperature, it is prepared by centrifuge equipment. In order to reduce the viscosity of the melt, a certain amount of dolomite and block blast furnace cooling slag are often added to the ingredients. In the smelting process, in order to reduce the consumption of coke, heating and air supply, oxygen-enriched air supply and the like are also required. However, ores such as basalt are restricted by the place of production, and long-distance transportation will increase the cost, and the rock wool industry cannot be generally developed.
  • the laterite nickel ore uses nickel ore to produce nickel pig iron. It needs to be added with a certain amount of coke. Nickel and iron are reduced at high temperature to form nickel pig iron. The rest of the material is separated from nickel pig iron to form a high temperature melt which is discharged as slag. The slag is discharged as waste after forced water cooling.
  • the use of laterite nickel ore produces a ton of nickel pig iron, which requires 6-8 tons of waste residue, thus occupying a large amount of valuable cultivated land.
  • the laterite nickel ore is fully utilized to meet the requirements for the components required for the production of rock wool, and the present invention provides a process for co-production of nickel pig iron and rock wool products using laterite nickel ore.
  • the invention provides a process for co-producing nickel pig iron and rock wool products by using laterite nickel ore, the process comprising the following steps:
  • step b The hot melt selected in step b is injected into the holding furnace or injected into the heat preservation tank and injected into the holding furnace, and the temperature in the holding furnace is maintained at 1400-1500 ° C;
  • the hot melt in the holding furnace is guided into the four-roll centrifuge through the controllable flow port and the diversion tank, and the rock wool product is obtained through the rock wool product production process.
  • the ore furnace smelting process further comprises an auxiliary material, the auxiliary material comprising one or more of quicklime, limestone or coke; wherein the weight ratio of the main raw materials and the auxiliary materials is:
  • the auxiliary material is a mixture of quicklime and coke, wherein the weight ratio of the main raw materials and the auxiliary materials is:
  • the invention adjusts the main raw materials and auxiliary materials in the production process of the submerged arc furnace, adopts a special slag phase structure, satisfies the acidity requirement of the rock wool product for the melt production, and adjusts the slag temperature to reach the rock.
  • the laterite nickel ore is used to jointly produce hot melt for nickel pig iron and rock wool products through the ore furnace.
  • the laterite nickel ore is a laterite nickel ore or laterite nickel ore sinter.
  • a hot melt having a temperature of 1500 to 1550 ° C and an acidity coefficient of 1.8 is screened.
  • the further selected rock wool products obtained from the hot melt have very good flexibility and strength.
  • the insulating agent and the holding furnace are also filled with a heat insulating agent.
  • the present invention provides a rock wool product provided as a rock wool board, and the rock wool board production process comprises the following steps:
  • Fibrillation step the hot melt in the holding furnace is guided into a four-roll centrifuge through a controllable flow port and a diversion tank, and is drawn into a diameter under the action of the centrifuge. 1-6 ⁇ m rock wool fiber;
  • the cotton gathering step blowing the rock wool fiber to the cotton collecting machine, uniformly applying the binder to the surface of the rock wool fiber, and forming the primary cotton layer under the action of the cotton collecting machine;
  • the pendulum step feeding the primary cotton layer into the conveyor under the action of the pendulum machine, and forming a uniform cotton felt of a multi-layered folding structure under the action of the conveyor;
  • Pleating step preparing the cotton wool with uniform distribution of fibers under the action of a pressure pleating machine
  • Curing and molding steps the structural cotton is sent to a curing furnace for pressurization and shaping, while blowing hot air at 235 ° C to solidify the binder, and forming a cotton sheet having a thickness of 40-200 mm, and the cotton sheet coming out of the curing furnace Cooling, shearing and packaging to obtain rock wool board.
  • the rock wool product is granular cotton
  • the granular cotton production process comprises the following steps:
  • Fibrillation step guiding the hot melt in the holding furnace to four through a controllable flow port and a diversion tank In a roller centrifuge, a rock wool fiber having a diameter of about 5 ⁇ m is drawn by a centrifuge;
  • Cotton gathering step the rock wool fiber is blown to the cotton collecting machine, the binder is uniformly applied to the surface of the rock wool fiber, and the cotton layer is formed under the action of the cotton collecting machine;
  • the cotton-splitting step the cotton layer is broken into a dough by the action of the cotton-splitting machine; the broken dough passes through After the wind is selected, the slag is sucked up by the suction pipe and separated into the cyclone;
  • Granulation step After the mass is separated, it enters the granulator, further tears the mass and breaks the fiber to an average length of 2 cm. Short fibers on the left and right;
  • the ball removing step the short fiber is fed into the slag ball rotary screen; the rotating rolling effect of the sieve causes the fiber to become a spherical mass of about 5-20, that is, granular cotton, and at the same time, a part of the slag ball is separated through the sieve hole; Mixing spherical granulated cotton from the other end of the rotary screen;
  • Packing step the granulated cotton is sent into the silo, weighed, and enters the extrusion bin, and the granulated cotton is obtained after molding.
  • the invention provides the process of co-production of nickel pig iron and rock wool products by laterite nickel ore, and the production of nickel pig iron and rock wool products by nickel ore, and the special slag phase structure is obtained due to the use of special raw materials and auxiliary materials. While greatly reducing the energy consumption of nickel pig iron smelting, the energy consumption of the production process of rock wool products is only 1/4 of the energy consumption of the traditional rock wool products production process, without the emission of sulfur dioxide and other exhaust gases, and the production cost of rock wool products is greatly reduced.
  • the rock wool product prepared by using the main raw materials and auxiliary materials of the invention has good stability, compressive strength and tensile strength, and the indexes of the rock wool products are all in compliance with the standard.
  • the laterite nickel ore calcined sand is used as the main raw material, and a mixture of quicklime and limestone is added before sintering, coke is added in front of the submerged arc furnace, and smelting is carried out in a submerged arc furnace.
  • the weight fraction of laterite nickel ore, quicklime, limestone and coke is 90. : 5:10:5, 60 tons of nickel pig iron, and 330 tons of hot melt;
  • step b The hot melt selected in step b is injected into the heat preservation tank and injected into the holding furnace, and the temperature in the holding furnace is maintained at 1500 ° C;
  • Fibrillation step the hot melt in the holding furnace is guided into a four-roll centrifuge through a controllable flow port and a diversion tank, and is drawn into a diameter of about 5 by the action of the centrifuge.
  • Cotton gathering step the rock wool fiber is blown to the cotton collecting machine, the dustproof oil is uniformly applied to the surface of the rock wool fiber, and the primary cotton layer is formed under the action of the cotton collecting machine;
  • the pendulum step feeding the primary cotton layer into the conveyor under the action of the pendulum machine, and forming a uniform cotton felt of a multi-layered folding structure under the action of the conveyor;
  • Pleating step preparing the cotton wool with uniform distribution of fibers under the action of a pressure pleating machine
  • Curing and molding steps the structural cotton is sent to a curing furnace for pressurization and setting, while blowing hot air at 235 ° C to solidify the binder, cooling the cotton sheet coming out of the curing furnace, cutting and packaging to obtain a rock wool board product.
  • the laterite nickel ore sinter is used as the main raw material.
  • the quicklime is added before the sintering, and the coke is added in front of the ore furnace.
  • the smelting is carried out in the submerged arc furnace.
  • the weight ratio of laterite nickel ore, quicklime and coke is 93:2:5. 100 tons of nickel pig iron, and 600 tons of hot melt;
  • step b The hot melt screened in step b is injected into the heat preservation tank and injected into the heat preservation furnace, and the temperature in the heat preservation furnace is maintained at 1450 ° C, and the heat preservation tank and the heat preservation furnace are all filled with the heat preservation agent;
  • Fibrillation step the hot melt in the holding furnace is guided into a four-roll centrifuge through a controllable flow port and a diversion tank, and is drawn into a diameter of about 5 by the action of the centrifuge.
  • Cotton gathering step the rock wool fiber is blown to the cotton collecting machine, the binder is uniformly applied to the surface of the rock wool fiber, and the cotton layer is formed under the action of the cotton collecting machine;
  • the cotton-splitting step the cotton layer is broken into a mass by the action of the cotton-splitting machine; the crushed mass is sucked up by the air-absorbing pipe after being removed by the air-selection, and is separated into the cyclone;
  • Granulation step After the mass is separated, it enters the granulator, further tears the mass, and breaks the fiber into short fibers having an average length of about 2 cm;
  • the ball removing step the short fiber is fed into the slag ball rotary screen; the rotating rolling effect of the sieve causes the fiber to become a spherical mass of about 5-20, that is, granular cotton, and a part of the slag ball is separated through the sieve hole. And the globular cotton woven into the spherical shape is output from the other end of the rotary screen;
  • Packing step the granulated cotton is sent into the silo, weighed, and enters the extrusion bin, and the granulated cotton is obtained after molding.
  • the various indicators of rock wool products provided by the present invention are tested.
  • the inspection indexes refer to the requirements of GB/T25975-2010 rock wool products for exterior wall insulation of buildings, and the test results are shown in Table 1;
  • the indexes of the rock wool products prepared by the invention all meet the standards, and have good stability, compressive strength and tensile strength, and are suitable for preparing rock wool board, rock wool belt and the like.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract

一种采用红土镍矿联产镍生铁和岩棉制品的工艺，包括如下步骤：以红土镍矿为主要原料，经矿热炉熔炼，制得镍生铁和热熔体；筛选出温度为1450-1580℃，酸度系数为1.6-1.9的热熔体；注入保温炉内或注入保温罐内经拉运注入保温炉内，保温炉内的温度保持1400-1500℃；通过可控流口和导流槽将保温炉内的热熔体引导至四辊离心机内，经岩棉制品生产工艺，制得岩棉制品。

Description

采用红土镍矿联产镍生铁和岩棉制品的工艺 技术领域
本发明属于无机材料领域，特别涉及一种采用红土镍矿联产镍生铁和岩棉制品的工艺。
背景技术
传统的岩棉是以焦炭为主要燃料、以玄武岩等为主要原料，常用冲天炉熔炼熔体，经高温熔融后，由离心机设备制备而成。为降低熔体的粘度，配料中常掺加一定量的白云石和块状高炉冷却渣，在熔炼过程中，为降低焦炭的消耗量，还需采用加热送风、富氧送风等手段。但是玄武岩等矿石受产地限制，长距离运输会增加成本，不能普遍发展岩棉产业。
红土镍矿采用矿热炉生产镍生铁，需配加一定量的焦炭，将其中的镍和铁在高温下还原形成镍生铁，其余物质与镍生铁分离形成高温熔体以熔渣的形式排出。熔渣采用强制水冷后作为废物排放。采用红土镍矿每生产一吨镍生铁，需排出6-8吨的废渣，因而占用大量宝贵的耕地。如何利用红土镍矿生产产生的熔渣，使其变废为宝，是工业领域面临的重大问题；并且现有技术没有公开制备镍生铁的同时产生的熔渣用于制备岩棉的报道；并且，由于镍矿的原始成分不同，采用的渣相结构也不同，导致熔渣的成分变化较大，也达不到生产岩棉所需要成分的要求。
 发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题，充分利用红土镍矿，使其能够达到生产岩棉所需成分的要求，本发明提供一种采用红土镍矿联产镍生铁和岩棉制品的工艺。
技术解决方案
本发明具体技术方案如下：
本发明提供一种采用红土镍矿联产镍生铁和岩棉制品的工艺，该工艺包括如下步骤：
a. 以红土镍矿为主要原料，经矿热炉熔炼，制得镍生铁和热熔体；
b. 筛选出温度为1450-1580℃，酸度系数为1.6-1.9的热熔体；
c. 将步骤b筛选出的热熔体注入保温炉内或注入保温罐内经拉运注入保温炉内，保温炉内的温度保持1400-1500℃；
d. 通过可控流口和导流槽将保温炉内的热熔体引导至四辊离心机内，经岩棉制品生产工艺，制得岩棉制品。
在上述制备工艺中，矿热炉熔炼过程还加入辅料，该辅料包括生石灰、石灰石或焦炭中的一种或多种；其中，主要原料和辅料的重量份数比为：
红土镍矿 85-97
生石灰 0-10
石灰石 0-20
焦炭 3-10。
优选地，辅料为生石灰和焦炭的混合物，其中主要原料和辅料的重量份数比为：
红土镍矿 93
生石灰 2
焦炭 5
本发明通过在矿热炉生产过程中对主要原料和辅料的调整，采用特殊的渣相结构，满足了岩棉制品生产对熔体所需要的酸度要求，同时调整熔渣温度，使其达到岩棉制品生产过程中对熔体粘度的要求。
由于在制备岩棉制品的过程中，采用了特殊的渣相结构，使镍铁生产过程中所用辅料的消耗量在满足岩棉制品所需熔体条件下大大降低，且熔化所耗电能有较大幅度的降低。
同时，采用红土镍矿经矿热炉联产镍生铁和岩棉制品用热熔体，岩棉制品生产过程中无废气排放，所需能耗仅为传统岩棉制品生产后续工艺所需耗能的1/4，岩棉制品的生产成本大大降低。
进一步的改进，红土镍矿为红土镍矿焙砂或红土镍矿烧结矿。
优选地，在步骤b所述工艺中，筛选出温度为1500-1550℃，酸度系数为1.8的热熔体。进一步筛选出的热熔体制得的岩棉制品具有非常好的柔韧性和强度。
为了确保保温炉内的温度始终保持在1400-1500℃，满足岩棉制品成纤所需要的粘度系数，在拉运保温罐和保温炉内还注有保温剂。
另一方面，本发明提供了提供的岩棉制品为岩棉板，该岩棉板的生产工艺包括如下步骤：
成纤步骤：通过可控流口和导流槽将保温炉内的热熔体引导至四 辊离心机内，在离心机的作用下牵伸成直径为 1-6 μm的 岩棉纤维；
集棉步骤：将岩棉纤维吹送到集棉机，将粘结剂均匀施加到岩棉纤维表面，并在集棉机的作用下形成初棉层；
摆锤步骤：将所述初棉层在摆锤机的作用下送到输送机内，在输送机的作用下形成多层折叠结构的均匀棉毡；
打褶步骤：将所述棉毡在加压打褶机的作用下，制备纤维分布均匀的结构棉；
固化及成型步骤：将结构棉送入固化炉加压定型，同时鼓吹235℃热风，使所述粘结剂固化，并形成厚度为40-200mm的棉板，将从固化炉内出来的棉板冷却，剪切及包装制得岩棉板。
进一步，该岩棉制品为粒状棉，该粒状棉生产工艺包括如下步骤：
成纤步骤：通过可控流口和导流槽将保温炉内的热熔体引导至四 辊离心机内，在离心机的作用下牵伸成直径为约 5 μm的 岩棉纤维；
集棉步骤：将岩棉纤维吹送到集棉机，将粘结剂均匀施加到岩棉纤维表面，并在集棉机的作用下形成棉层 ；
解棉步骤：将所述棉层在解棉机的作用下破碎成料团；破碎后的料团通过 风选除渣后被吸风管吸起，进入旋风筒分离；
造粒步骤： 料团被分离后，进入造粒机，进一步将料团撕裂，并使纤维拉断成为长度平均为 2cm 左右的短纤维；
成球除渣步骤：短纤维喂入渣球回转筛；经筛子的旋转滚动作用，使纤维成为5～20左右的球状料团即粒状棉，同时有一部分渣球通过筛孔被分离出来；而混成球状的粒状棉从回转筛的另一端输出；
包装步骤：将粒状棉送入料仓，称重，进入挤压仓，成型后制得粒状棉。
有益效果
本发明所提供的采用红土镍矿联产镍生铁和岩棉制品的工艺，镍矿生产镍生铁和岩棉制品实现联产，由于采用了特殊的原料和辅料，制得了特殊的渣相结构，在大幅度降低镍生铁冶炼能耗的同时，岩棉制品的生产过程能耗仅为传统岩棉制品生产工艺能耗的1/4，无二氧化硫等废气排放，同时岩棉制品的生产成本大大降低；采用本发明主要原料和辅料制备的岩棉制品具有很好的稳定性、压缩强度和抗拉强度，并且岩棉制品的各项指标均符合标准。
附图说明
本发明的最佳实施方式
本发明的实施方式
实施例1
一种采用红土镍矿联产镍生铁和岩棉制品的工艺，该岩棉制品为岩棉板，工艺包括如下步骤：
a. 以红土镍矿焙砂为主要原料，在烧结前加入生石灰和石灰石的混合物，在矿热炉前加入焦炭，经矿热炉熔炼，红土镍矿、生石灰、石灰石和焦炭的重量份数比为90:5:10:5，制得镍生铁60吨，同时生产热熔体330吨；
b. 筛选出温度为1550℃，酸度系数为1.7的热熔体，约130吨；
c. 将步骤b筛选出的热熔体注入保温罐内经拉运注入保温炉内，保温炉内的温度保持1500℃；
d. 通过可控流口和导流槽将保温炉内的热熔体引导至四辊离心机内， 经如下岩棉板生产工艺， 制得符合国标的岩棉板：
成纤步骤：通过可控流口和导流槽将保温炉内的热熔体引导至四 辊离心机内，在离心机的作用下牵伸成直径为约 5 μm的 岩棉纤维；
集棉步骤：将岩棉纤维吹送到集棉机，将防尘油均匀施加到岩棉纤维表面，并在集棉机的作用下形成初棉层 ；
摆锤步骤：将所述初棉层在摆锤机的作用下送到输送机内，在输送机的作用下形成多层折叠结构的均匀棉毡；
打褶步骤：将所述棉毡在加压打褶机的作用下，制备纤维分布均匀的结构棉；
固化及成型步骤：将结构棉送入固化炉加压定型，同时鼓吹235℃热风，使所述粘结剂固化，将从固化炉内出来的棉板冷却，剪切及包装制得岩棉板制品。
实施例2
一种采用红土镍矿联产镍生铁和岩棉制品的工艺，该岩棉制品为粒状棉，工艺包括如下步骤：
a. 以红土镍矿烧结矿为主要原料，在烧结前加入生石灰，在矿热炉前加入焦炭，经矿热炉熔炼，红土镍矿、生石灰和焦炭的重量份数比为93:2:5，制得镍生铁100吨，同时生产热熔体600吨；
b. 筛选出温度为1530℃，酸度系数为1.7的热熔体，约310吨；
c. 将步骤b筛选出的热熔体注入保温罐内经拉运注入保温炉内，保温炉内的温度保持1450℃，保温罐及保温炉内均注有保温剂；
d. 通过可控流口和导流槽将保温炉内的热熔体引导至四辊离心机内， 经如下粒状棉生产工艺，制得符合国标要求的粒状棉：
成纤步骤：通过可控流口和导流槽将保温炉内的热熔体引导至四 辊离心机内，在离心机的作用下牵伸成直径为约 5 μm的 岩棉纤维；
集棉步骤：将岩棉纤维吹送到集棉机，将粘结剂均匀施加到岩棉纤维表面，并在集棉机的作用下形成棉层 ；
解棉步骤：将所述棉层在解棉机的作用下破碎成料团；破碎后的料团通过 风选除渣后被吸风管吸起，进入旋风筒分离；
造粒步骤： 料团被分离后，进入造粒机，进一步将料团撕裂，并使纤维拉断成为长度平均为 2cm 左右的短纤维；
成球除渣步骤：短纤维喂入渣球回转筛；经筛子的旋转滚动作用，使纤维成为5～20左右的球状料团即粒状棉，同时有一部分渣球通过筛孔被分离出来。而混成球状的粒状棉从回转筛的另一端输出；
包装步骤：将粒状棉送入料仓，称重，进入挤压仓，成型后制得粒状棉。
试验例 1 岩棉制品各项指标的检测
对本发明提供的岩棉制品的各项指标进行检验，检验指标参照GB/T25975-2010建筑外墙外保温用岩棉制品中的要求，检验结果见表1；
表1岩棉制品各项指标检测结果
序号 检验项目 标准要求 检验结果 单项判定
1 平均纤维直径（ μ m ） ≤7.0 4.55 符合
2 渣球含量＞0.25mm（%） ≤10.0 9.50 符合
3 导热系数w/（m • k ） ≤0.040 0.039 符合
4 外观 表面平整，不应有妨碍使用的伤痕、污迹、破损 合格 符合
5 平整度偏差（mm） ≤6.0 3.0 符合
6 直角偏离度（mm）/m ≤5.0 1.0 符合
7 尺寸偏差（mm） 长+10 -3 长+5 符合
宽+5 -3 宽+1
厚+3 -3 厚+1
8 尺寸稳定性（%） ≤1.0 0.50 符合
9 吸湿率（%） ≤1.0 0.70 符合
10 憎水率（%） ≥98.0 99.1 符合
11 短期吸水量（kg/m2） ≤1.0 0.30 符合
长期吸水量（kg/m2） ≤3.0 2.50
12 匀质材料A1级不燃性 A 级不燃 A1 级不燃 符合
13 压缩强度（kpa） ≥40.0 42.0 符合
14 垂直于表面的抗拉强度（kpa） ≥7.5 8.0 符合
15 酸度系数 ≥1.60 1.81 符合
16 降噪系数 ≥0.60 0.70 符合
17 湿阻因子 ≤10 1.50 符合
从以上表中可看出，本发明所制备的岩棉制品各项指标均符合标准，并且具有很好的稳定性、压缩强度及抗拉强度，适合制备岩棉板、岩棉带等制品。
需要说明的是，上述实施例仅为清楚地说明本发明的举例，而非对实施方式的限定，对于红土镍矿冶炼领域的技术人员，在上述说明的基础上可以做出其他不同形式的变动，由此而引申的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明保护范围内。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种采用红土镍矿联产镍生铁和岩棉制品的工艺，其特征在于，所述工艺包括如下步骤：
    a. 以红土镍矿为主要原料，经矿热炉熔炼，制得镍生铁和热熔体；
    b. 筛选出温度为1450-1580℃，酸度系数为1.6-1.9的热熔体；
    c. 将步骤b筛选出的热熔体注入保温炉内或注入保温罐内经拉运注入保温炉内，保温炉内的温度保持1400-1500℃；
    d. 通过可控流口和导流槽将保温炉内的热熔体引导至四 辊离心机内，经岩棉制品生产工艺 ， 制得岩棉制品 。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的采用红土镍矿联产镍生铁和岩棉制品的工艺，其特征在于，所述矿热炉熔炼过程还加入辅料；所述辅料包括生石灰、石灰石或焦炭中的一种或多种；所述主要原料和辅料的重量份数比为：
    红土镍矿 85-97
    生石灰 0-10
    石灰石 0-20
    焦炭 3-10 。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的采用红土镍矿联产镍生铁和岩棉制品的工艺，其特征在于，所述辅料为生石灰和焦炭的混合物，所述主要原料和辅料的重量份数比为：
    红土镍矿 93
    生石灰 2
    焦炭 5 。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的采用红土镍矿联产镍生铁和岩棉制品的工艺，其特征在于，所述红土镍矿为红土镍矿焙砂或红土镍矿烧结矿。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的采用红土镍矿联产镍生铁和岩棉制品的工艺，其特征在于，筛选出温度为1500-1550℃，酸度系数为1.8的热熔体。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的采用红土镍矿联产镍生铁和岩棉制品的工艺，其特征在于，所述拉运保温罐和保温炉内还注有保温剂。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的采用红土镍矿联产镍生铁和岩棉制品的工艺，其特征在于，所述岩棉制品为岩棉板，所述岩棉板的生产工艺包括如下步骤：
    成纤步骤：通过可控流口和导流槽将保温炉内的热熔体引导至四辊离心机内，在离心机的作用下牵伸成直径为1-6μm的岩棉纤维；
    集棉步骤：将岩棉纤维吹送到集棉机，将粘结剂均匀施加到岩棉纤维表面，并在集棉机的作用下形成初棉层；
    摆锤步骤：将所述初棉层在摆锤机的作用下送到输送机内，在输送机的作用下形成多层折叠结构的均匀棉毡；
    打褶步骤：将所述棉毡在加压打褶机的作用下，制备纤维分布均匀的结构棉；
    固化及成型步骤：将结构棉送入固化炉加压定型，同时鼓吹235℃热风，使所述粘结剂固化，并形成厚度为40-200mm的棉板，将从固化炉内出来的棉板冷却，剪切及包装制得岩棉板。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的采用红土镍矿联产镍生铁和岩棉制品的工艺，其特征在于，所述岩棉制品为粒状棉，所述粒状棉生产工艺包括如下步骤：
    成纤步骤：通过可控流口和导流槽将保温炉内的热熔体引导至四辊离心机内，在离心机的作用下牵伸成直径为约5μm的岩棉纤维；
    集棉步骤：将岩棉纤维吹送到集棉机，将粘结剂均匀施加到岩棉纤维表面，并在集棉机的作用下形成棉层；
    解棉步骤：将所述棉层在解棉机的作用下破碎成料团；破碎后的料团通过风选除渣后被吸风管吸起，进入旋风筒分离；
    造粒步骤：料团被分离后，进入造粒机，进一步将料团撕裂，并使纤维拉断成为长度平均为2cm左右的短纤维；
    成球除渣步骤：短纤维喂入渣球回转筛；经筛子的旋转滚动作用，使纤维成为5～20左右的球状料团即粒状棉，同时有一部分渣球通过筛孔被分离出来；而混成球状的粒状棉从回转筛的另一端输出；
    包装步骤：将粒状棉送入料仓，称重，进入挤压仓，成型后制得粒状棉。
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