WO2015176479A1 - 无源射频识别标签、光学射频读写头及射频识别*** - Google Patents

无源射频识别标签、光学射频读写头及射频识别*** Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015176479A1
WO2015176479A1 PCT/CN2014/088870 CN2014088870W WO2015176479A1 WO 2015176479 A1 WO2015176479 A1 WO 2015176479A1 CN 2014088870 W CN2014088870 W CN 2014088870W WO 2015176479 A1 WO2015176479 A1 WO 2015176479A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
radio frequency
read
frequency identification
optical
write
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Application number
PCT/CN2014/088870
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
徐继东
陆建鑫
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Priority to EP14892520.9A priority Critical patent/EP3147828A4/en
Publication of WO2015176479A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015176479A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K17/00—Methods or arrangements for effecting co-operative working between equipments covered by two or more of main groups G06K1/00 - G06K15/00, e.g. automatic card files incorporating conveying and reading operations
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/0701—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips at least one of the integrated circuit chips comprising an arrangement for power management
    • G06K19/0702—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips at least one of the integrated circuit chips comprising an arrangement for power management the arrangement including a battery
    • G06K19/0704—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips at least one of the integrated circuit chips comprising an arrangement for power management the arrangement including a battery the battery being rechargeable, e.g. solar batteries
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/0723—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs
    • G06K19/0728—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs the arrangement being an optical or sound-based communication interface
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular to a passive radio frequency identification tag, an optical radio frequency read/write head, and a radio frequency identification system.
  • the optical fiber network has replaced the copper wire communication network, and its network from the core network, the bearer network to the access network and then the fiber to the home (FTTH, Fiber) To The Home) covers almost all communication networks.
  • FTTH Fiber
  • a smart tag is added to each optical connection point. Then, it is automatically read by the head, and the relevant data is reported to the network management system, so that the automation of the fiber connection point detection gradually becomes a consensus, and the visible and manageable fiber network is realized.
  • the intelligent optical distribution network is to intelligently report the connection status by labeling each optical connector and the head.
  • the Optical Distribution Network (ODN) has been standardized by the China Communications Standards Association (CCSA) and the corresponding industry chain has begun to take shape.
  • the intelligent ODN mainly adopts two kinds of label technologies: one is a contact label technology, and a typical one is a 1-Wire interface, or an EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory) interface, such as As shown in Figure 1, the tag needs to be powered.
  • Contact label technology places higher demands on the design and reliability of the label structure, and is not flexible enough in some transformation scenarios due to physical connections.
  • the other is non-contact label technology, which is typically radio frequency identification (RFID) technology.
  • RFID radio frequency identification
  • FIG 2 due to its working principle, that is, cutting magnetic lines generate induced current, its coil needs to have a certain coil.
  • the working area is to generate enough induction current to drive the chip to work normally.
  • the working coil of the head has a certain working area, and the adjacent RFID is also induced to cause mutual interference, so the technology is not suitable for the technology.
  • the working environment of the optical node of the dense fiber connector due to its working principle, that is, cutting magnetic lines generate induced current,
  • the invention provides a passive radio frequency identification tag, an optical radio frequency read/write head and a radio frequency identification system, so as to at least solve the problem that the contact tag technology and the RFID tag cannot meet the dense scene in the related art.
  • an optical radio frequency read/write head including: at least one optical transmitter, a chip, and a radio frequency antenna, wherein the radio frequency antenna is connected to the chip and configured to receive radio frequency identification.
  • An uplink radio frequency signal sent by the label; the chip is configured to control the at least one optical transmitter to send a downlink optical signal to the radio frequency identification tag, and process the uplink radio frequency signal to read and write the radio frequency identification tag.
  • the at least one light emitter is coupled to the chip and configured to transmit the downstream optical signal.
  • the plurality of light emitters are further configured to control the plurality of the light emitters to be read and written when a plurality of the radio frequency identification tags are designated to perform a read/write operation Specifying, by the light emitter corresponding to the radio frequency identification label, to emit the specified radio frequency identification tag; and controlling the corresponding optical transmitter to transmit the downlink optical signal; the plurality of the light emitters, It is also arranged to emit light under the control of the chip.
  • the optical radio frequency read/write head includes one of the radio frequency antennas.
  • Each of the light emitters is a light emitting diode (LED) or a laser diode (LD).
  • LED light emitting diode
  • LD laser diode
  • a passive radio frequency identification tag including: a photovoltaic cell receiver, a radio frequency antenna, a chip, wherein the photovoltaic cell receiver is coupled to the chip and the radio frequency antenna Connecting, configured to convert optical energy emitted by the optical RF read/write head into electrical energy, to supply power to the chip and the radio frequency antenna; and receiving a downlink optical signal emitted by the optical radio frequency read/write head, and the downlink optical signal Converting into an electrical signal, and transmitting to the chip; the chip is configured to store tag information, process the electrical signal, and send the read/write operation of the optical radio frequency read/write head to the optical radio frequency read/write head An uplink radio frequency signal; the radio frequency antenna is connected to the chip and configured to transmit the uplink radio frequency signal.
  • a radio frequency tag identification system includes: a passive radio frequency identification tag and an optical radio frequency read/write head, wherein
  • the passive radio frequency identification tag includes: a photovoltaic cell receiver, a first radio frequency antenna, and a first chip, wherein the photovoltaic cell receiver is connected to the first chip and the first radio frequency antenna, and is configured to Converting the light energy emitted by the optical RF read/write head into electrical energy, supplying power to the first chip and the first RF antenna, and receiving a downlink optical signal transmitted by the optical RF read/write head, and the downlink is The optical signal is converted into an electrical signal, and Sending to the first chip; the first chip is configured to store tag information, process the electrical signal, and send an uplink radio frequency to the optical radio frequency read/write head in response to the read/write operation of the optical radio frequency read/write head The first radio frequency antenna is connected to the first chip and configured to transmit the uplink radio frequency signal;
  • the optical radio frequency read/write head includes: at least one optical transmitter, a second chip, and a second radio frequency antenna, wherein the second radio frequency antenna is connected to the second chip and configured to receive the uplink radio frequency signal
  • the second chip is configured to control the at least one optical transmitter to send the downlink optical signal to the radio frequency identification tag, and process the uplink radio frequency signal to perform read and write operations on the radio frequency identification tag;
  • the at least one light emitter is coupled to the second chip and configured to transmit the downstream optical signal under control of the second chip.
  • the second chip is further configured to control the plurality of the light emitters when a radio frequency identification tag is specified to read and write a plurality of the radio frequency identification tags.
  • the light emitter corresponding to the designated radio frequency identification tag emits light to turn on the designated radio frequency identification tag; and controls the corresponding light emitter to transmit the downlink optical signal; the plurality of the light emitting
  • the device is also arranged to emit light under the control of the chip.
  • the optical radio frequency read/write head includes one of the second radio frequency antennas.
  • the light emitter is an LED or an LD.
  • a fiber optic connector on which the above-described passive radio frequency identification tag of the present invention is disposed.
  • an optical fiber wiring device wherein the optical fiber wiring device is provided with the optical RF read/write head described above; wherein the wiring device comprises a plurality of connection ports, each of the connections The port is configured to be pluggable to connect the fiber connector; the plurality of light emitters of the RFID head are located, when a plurality of the fiber connectors are inserted into the plurality of connectors, respectively The position of the passive RFID tag on the fiber optic connector is directly opposite.
  • a method for reading and writing a radio frequency identification tag system includes: the optical radio frequency read/write head described above, and a plurality of the above-mentioned passive radio frequency identification tags;
  • the method includes: determining a passive radio frequency identification tag currently read and written; transmitting a downlink optical signal to the currently read and write passive radio frequency identification tag, to perform read and write operations on the currently read and write passive radio frequency identification tag;
  • the currently read and write passive radio frequency identification tag is responsive to the uplink radio frequency signal sent by the read and write operation.
  • the method further includes: controlling, by the optical transmitter, the light emitter corresponding to the currently read and write passive radio frequency identification tag The passive RFID tag currently reading and writing is powered.
  • And performing a read and write operation on the currently read and write passive radio frequency identification tag including: sending an inquiry instruction to the currently read and write passive radio frequency identification tag, wherein the inquiry command is used to query the current read and write The state of the passive radio frequency identification tag; receiving the first state of the passive radio frequency identification tag currently being read and written.
  • the method further includes: determining the first state; and when the first state indicates that the currently read and write passive radio frequency identification tag is blank, assigning tag information to the currently read and write passive radio frequency identification tag.
  • the method further includes: determining the first state; and when the first state indicates that the currently read and written passive radio frequency identification tag has tag information, requesting the currently read and write passive radio frequency identification tag to report the label information.
  • the method further includes: receiving label information reported by the currently read and write passive radio frequency identification tag; determining whether the received tag information meets a preset condition; and when the received tag information does not meet the preset condition And allocating new tag information to the currently read and write passive radio frequency identification tag.
  • the method further includes: turning off the optical transmitter corresponding to the currently read and write passive radio frequency identification tag in the optical radio frequency read/write head;
  • the other passive radio frequency identification tags in the plurality of passive radio frequency identification tags are read and written.
  • a read/write device for a radio frequency identification tag system, the radio frequency tag system comprising: the optical radio frequency read/write head described above, and a plurality of the above-mentioned passive radio frequency identification tags;
  • the device includes: a determining module, configured to determine a passive radio frequency identification tag currently read and written; and a sending module, configured to send a downlink optical signal to the currently read and write passive radio frequency identification tag, to The source radio frequency identification tag performs a read/write operation; the receiving module is configured to receive the uplink radio frequency signal sent by the passive radio frequency identification tag currently read and written in response to the read/write operation.
  • the command for sending and writing operations on the radio frequency identification signal of the radio frequency identification tag is transmitted by the optical signal, thereby avoiding the problem that the radio frequency identification tag receives the read/write operation command and the plurality of radio frequency identification tags receive the command, and the interference problem is caused. .
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a contact tag technology according to the related art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an RFID technology according to the related art
  • FIG. 3 is a structural block diagram of an optical radio frequency read/write head according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a structural block diagram of a passive radio frequency identification tag according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a radio frequency tag identification system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a fiber optic connector and a fiber optic wiring device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a method for reading and writing a radio frequency identification tag system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing the structure of a read/write device of a radio frequency identification tag system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a preferred radio frequency identification system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a non-contact labeling scheme in which an optical transmitter is disposed on an optical RF read/write head, an optical signal is used to send a command to a radio frequency identification tag, and a photovoltaic cell receiver is disposed on a passive radio frequency identification tag. , charging a radio frequency identification tag (RFID) and receiving an optical signal.
  • Radio frequency identification tags with photovoltaic cell receivers are referred to as optical RFID tags (ORFID, Optical RFID), also known as passive RFID tags.
  • the optical radio frequency read/write head of the embodiment of the present invention may include: at least one optical transmitter 310, chip 320, and radio frequency antenna 330.
  • the radio frequency antenna 330 is connected to the chip 320 and configured to receive the uplink radio frequency signal sent by the radio frequency identification tag.
  • the chip 320 is configured to control the at least one optical transmitter 310 to send the downlink optical signal to the radio frequency identification tag and process the uplink radio frequency signal.
  • the read/write operation is performed on the radio frequency identification tag; the optical transmitter 310 is connected to the chip 320 and configured to emit a downlink optical signal.
  • the plurality of light emitters 310 are disposed; the chip 320 is further configured to control the plurality of light emitters when the radio frequency identification tag is specified to read and write the plurality of radio frequency identification tags.
  • the light emitter 310 corresponding to the designated radio frequency identification tag 310 emits light to turn on the designated radio frequency identification tag; and controls the corresponding light emitter to transmit the downlink optical signal; the plurality of light emitters 310 are also set under the control of the chip 320 Glowing.
  • the radio frequency identification tag to be read and written is charged, and the radio frequency identification tag is turned on.
  • Other radio frequency identification tags cannot receive and transmit radio frequency signals because there is no electric energy, thereby better avoiding interference.
  • the optical RF read/write head may include only one RF antenna 330. With this preferred embodiment, it is not necessary to provide one radio frequency antenna for each radio frequency identification tag, thereby reducing the cost.
  • the light emitter 330 may be an LED, but is not limited thereto.
  • the passive radio frequency identification tag of the embodiment of the present invention mainly includes: a Photonic Voltage Detector (PVD).
  • the RF antenna 420 and the chip 430 are connected to the chip 430 and the RF antenna 420, and are configured to convert the light energy emitted by the optical RF head into electrical energy, and the chip 430 and the RF antenna 420.
  • PVD Photonic Voltage Detector
  • the RF antenna 420 is connected to the chip 430; and the chip 430 is configured to store the label information and process
  • the electrical signal in response to the read and write operations of the optical RF read/write head, sends an uplink RF signal to the optical RF read/write head.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a radio frequency tag identification system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, the system includes: a passive radio frequency identification tag 1 and an optical radio frequency read/write head 2, wherein
  • each passive radio frequency identification tag 1 includes: a photovoltaic cell receiver, a radio frequency antenna, and a chip, wherein the photovoltaic cell receiver is connected to the chip and the radio frequency antenna, and is configured to emit light from the optical radio frequency read/write head. It can be converted into electric energy to supply power to the chip and the RF antenna; and receive the downstream optical signal emitted by the optical RF read/write head, convert the downstream optical signal into an electrical signal, and send it to the chip; the chip is set to store the tag information and process the electrical signal.
  • an uplink RF signal is sent to the optical RF read/write head 2.
  • the optical RF read/write head 2 includes: at least one optical transmitter, a chip, and a radio frequency antenna, wherein the radio frequency antenna is connected to the chip and configured to send a downlink radio frequency signal to the passive radio frequency identification tag 1; at least one light The transmitter is connected to the chip and configured to send a downlink optical signal to the passive radio frequency identification tag 1 under the control of the chip; the chip is configured to control the at least one optical transmitter to send the downlink optical signal to the radio frequency identification tag 1 and process the uplink The RF signal is used to read and write the RFID tag 1.
  • the optical transmitter is a plurality of; the chip of the optical RF read/write head 2 is further configured to control when the radio frequency identification tag is specified for reading and writing to the plurality of radio frequency identification tags.
  • the light emitters corresponding to the designated radio frequency identification tags of the plurality of light emitters emit light to turn on the designated radio frequency identification tags; and control the corresponding light emitters to transmit the downlink optical signals; the plurality of light emitters are also set to read in the optical radio frequency
  • the chip of the write head 2 emits light under the control of the chip.
  • the radio frequency identification tag to be read and written is charged, and the radio frequency identification tag is turned on.
  • Other radio frequency identification tags cannot receive and transmit radio frequency signals because there is no electric energy, thereby better avoiding interference.
  • the optical radio frequency head 2 may include only one radio frequency antenna.
  • the light emitter may be an LED, or an LD, but is not limited thereto.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a fiber optic connector and a fiber optic wiring device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • each of the fiber optic connectors is provided with a passive radio frequency identification tag of the second embodiment.
  • the optical radio frequency read/write head of the first embodiment is disposed on the optical fiber wiring device.
  • the wiring device comprises a plurality of connection ports, each connection port is configured as a pluggable connection fiber connection head; and a plurality of optical transmitters of the radio frequency identification head are located, when a plurality of fiber connection heads are inserted into the plurality of connection ports, respectively The location that is opposite the passive RFID tag on the corresponding fiber connector.
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a method for reading and writing a radio frequency identification tag system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the radio frequency tag system includes: the optical radio frequency read/write head of the first embodiment, and the passive radio frequency identification tags of the second embodiment. As shown in FIG. 7, the method includes steps S702 to S706.
  • Step S702 determining a passive radio frequency identification tag currently read and written.
  • Step S704 Send a downlink optical signal to the currently read and write passive radio frequency identification tag to perform read and write operations on the currently read and write passive radio frequency identification tag.
  • Step S706 receiving the uplink radio frequency signal sent by the currently read and write passive radio frequency identification tag in response to the read/write operation.
  • the light corresponding to the currently read and write passive radio frequency identification tag in the optical radio frequency read/write head may also be controlled.
  • the transmitter emits light to power the passive RFID tag currently being read and written.
  • the radio frequency identification tag to be read and written is charged, and the radio frequency identification tag is turned on.
  • Other radio frequency identification tags cannot receive and transmit radio frequency signals because there is no electric energy, thereby better avoiding interference.
  • the performing the reading and writing operation on the currently read and write passive radio frequency identification tag may include: sending an inquiry instruction to the currently read and write passive radio frequency identification tag, wherein the inquiry instruction is set.
  • the inquiry instruction is set.
  • receive the first state of the currently read and write passive radio frequency identification tag Preferably, the above state may be tag information or the like.
  • the tag information may include identity information and location information.
  • the first state may be determined; when the first state indicates that the currently read and write passive radio frequency identification tag is blank, the tag information is allocated for the currently read and write passive radio frequency identification tag. .
  • the first state may be determined; when the first state indicates that the currently read and written passive radio frequency identification tag has tag information, requesting the currently read and write passive radio frequency identification tag to report the same Label Information.
  • the label information reported by the currently read and write passive radio frequency identification tag may be received; whether the received label information meets the preset condition; and the received label information does not meet the preset.
  • new tag information is assigned to the currently read and write passive RFID tags.
  • the optical emission corresponding to the currently read and write passive radio frequency identification tag in the optical radio frequency read/write head may be turned off. Read and write operations on other passive RFID tags in multiple passive RFID tags.
  • FIG. 8 is a structural block diagram of a read/write device of a radio frequency identification tag system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the device includes: a determining module 810 configured to determine a passive radio frequency identification tag currently read and written; and a sending module 820 configured to be current
  • the passive radio frequency identification tag that reads and writes transmits the downstream optical signal to the passive radio frequency identification tag currently read and written.
  • the read/write operation is performed; the receiving module 830 is configured to receive the uplink radio frequency signal sent by the passive radio frequency identification tag currently being read and written in response to the read/write operation.
  • an LED light emitter is added to the original optical RF read/write head, and a photovoltaic battery receiver is added to the original RFID label, which is referred to as optical RFID (ORP).
  • ORP optical RFID
  • the LED is charged by the LED of the optical RF head, or the downlink optical signal is transmitted, and the uplink signal is transmitted to the head through the RFID antenna of the ORFID, and the downlink uses the optical wireless communication technology, and the uplink is used.
  • Radio frequency communication technology. ORFID can meet the technical requirements of tag passive and non-contact read and write intelligent ODN.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a preferred radio frequency identification system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 9, the system includes an optical radio frequency read/write head and a passive radio frequency identification tag.
  • the optical RF read/write head adds an LED light emitter to the original structure (RF coil and processing chip), and the RFID tag also adds a photovoltaic battery receiver based on the original.
  • the head opens the light emitter to charge the ORFID, and then transmits the downlink optical signal through the LED.
  • the ORFID responds through the RF antenna, and the head determines whether to continue the communication or terminate the communication according to the response evaluation. .
  • the optical RF read/write head includes a plurality of light emitters, an RF antenna, and a chip.
  • the basic architecture diagram is shown in FIG. It is an active device that can transmit light to a passive RFID tag through an optical transmitter, or can transmit an RF signal to a passive RFID tag to transmit commands.
  • the RF antenna can also receive a passive RFID tag.
  • the data signal, the control chip processes the data signal.
  • the optical RF read/write head receives information confusion, and controls the order in which the tags receive and transmit information by controlling the emission state of the light emitter LEDs, that is, if it is necessary to read and write information of a specified tag.
  • the corresponding LED light emitter above the corresponding label is turned on to charge the light emitter, and the light emitter is turned off after the reading is completed, and the other labels are in an unpowered state because the light emitter is turned off, so the signal cannot be received or A signal is transmitted, and all ORFID tags share a read/write head RF antenna, and the control and processing portion of the read/write head is located next to the idle position.
  • This has the advantage of not requiring a complete read on each tag.
  • Write heads reduce costs and reduce the technical difficulty of reducing the size of optical RF heads. Currently only on narrow labels A corresponding LED light can be placed in the square space, and the RF antenna sharing also reduces the cost and reduces the installation difficulty.
  • the passive RFID tag consists of a photocell, a radio frequency antenna and a chip.
  • the basic architecture is shown in Figure 4.
  • the photovoltaic cell receiver converts the received light into a power supply to the RF antenna and the chip, and then converts the received optical data signal into The corresponding electrical signal is transmitted to the chip, and after the chip processes the data, the RF antenna is activated according to the requirement to transmit the reply signal to the optical RF read/write head.
  • the optical RF head Since the ORFID itself is passive, the optical RF head is first illuminated to charge the RF antenna and the chip, and then the optical RF read/write head sends an instruction to the RF antenna and the chip to emit a corresponding optical signal. After the PV battery receiver receives the command, The passive radio frequency identification tag transmits its corresponding response to the radio frequency antenna, and the optical radio frequency read/write head receives the reply and processes it. If the information is sufficient, the passive radio frequency identification tag is notified to be received and ended; if the information is insufficient, read The write head then issues an inquiry command, and the passive RFID tag sends a response as required until the optical RF read/write head is satisfied.
  • the optical RF read/write head is not in contact with the passive RFID tag, but the distance between them is very short, generally limited to a short distance. For intelligent ODN applications, it can be limited to 1 cm or less.
  • the core of the preferred embodiment is a passive and non-contact tag and a tag reading and writing system composed of the same, which can charge the passive RFID tag through the optical RF read/write head and transmit the downlink optical signal, and then pass the radio frequency wireless.
  • the transmission technology recovers from the passive RFID tag to the read/write head, and the passive RFID tag has an editable, reusable function.
  • the overall scheme of the preferred embodiment is shown in FIG. 5.
  • the reading and writing of the tag information is initiated by the chip in the optical radio frequency read/write head, and the passive radio frequency identification tag mainly stores the identity and location information, and the information is obtained by the optical radio frequency.
  • the optical head can also be modified by the optical RF read/write head.
  • the working power of the passive RFID tag is converted by the photovoltaic battery receiver through the optical RF read/write head.
  • the charged RF read/write head issues relevant instructions to the passive RFID tag through the LED, and the passive RFID tag responds to the information by means of radio frequency.
  • the optical RF read/write head can control the passive RFID tag.
  • the state of the light emitter is turned on or off to determine the corresponding label to read the information.
  • the optical RF read/write heads can also be integrated to share one chip and one RF antenna, as shown in FIG.
  • One of the benefits of doing this is to reduce the size and cost.
  • the optical RF read/write head is shown in Figure 3. It is an active device that includes multiple light emitters, an RF antenna, and a chip.
  • the light emitter is generally an LED, which functions to charge the passive RFID tag and transmit the downlink command optical signal to the passive RFID tag; and the role of the RF antenna is to receive the reply signal of the passive RFID tag;
  • the control processing chip can receive the command of the external network management, initiate reading and writing of the passive radio frequency identification tag, and can assign the identity and location information to the blank passive radio frequency identification tag, and can also passively identify the existing identity information.
  • the tag can be read and compared, and the corresponding information of the passive RFID tag can be modified.
  • the control chip can initiate the transmission and reading of information of a passive RFID tag through the on or off state of the LED.
  • the head transmits the relevant information to the network management or control center for saving.
  • the passive RFID tag shown in Figure 4, is itself passive, including photovoltaic cell receivers, RF antennas, and chips.
  • the photovoltaic battery receiver receives the optical RF read/write head light and converts it into a power supply for the RF antenna and the chip, and converts the downstream optical signal command of the read/write head into an electrical signal for transmission to the chip; the chip processes the command and starts the RF
  • the antenna responds, and the RF antenna transmits a reply signal according to the requirements of the control chip, and the chip has the function of information storage.
  • the passive radio frequency identification tag is first placed on the optical connector, and the corresponding LED light emitter is disposed above the tag, and the head control and processing portion is placed in the idle state of the device. Place, all tags share a radio frequency antenna with a head.
  • the optical connector is inserted into the connection box, it indicates that the optical fiber is already in a connected state, and the label is just below the light emitter of the head.
  • the read/write head receives the instruction of the network management or the control center to read and write the label, and the control chip starts the reading and writing process.
  • the optical transmitter LED corresponding to the passive radio frequency identification tag is turned on to the head to charge it, and then starts. Perform the following test steps:
  • the LED sends an inquiry command to the passive RFID tag, such as the status of the tag.
  • the passive RFID tag replies to the current status, such as blank or existing identity information.
  • the head and the head allocate an identity information to the passive RFID tag; if the identity information is already available, the optical RF head requires the passive RFID tag to report the identity information.
  • the head and the head verify the identity information. If the requirements are not met, the head re-assigns the new identity information of the passive RFID tag, and the passive RFID tag repeats step 4. Then the head re-evaluates the information if not Satisfied, repeat steps 3, 4, and 5.
  • the head is read and issued, and the instruction of "End" is issued.
  • passive radio frequency identification tags have several advantages over pure RFID:
  • the RF antenna does not need to take care of the power supply problem. Therefore, the function of the antenna restores its instinct to transmit and receive radio frequency.
  • the design can be made smaller, which greatly reduces the size and volume of the tag.
  • the corresponding optical RF read/write head can also be used. No need to consider the size, just place an LED light emitter above the label, and the RF antenna and other parts are shared, which greatly reduces the cost and overcomes the problem that the pure RFID size can not be small and limits its application.
  • ORFID can Solve the problem of identification of dense optical connectors.
  • the head and the head since the tag is charged by light, the head and the head only emit light to charge the tag when reading and writing, so that there is no problem of mispowering the adjacent tag, and the adjacent tag has no light irradiation. Sufficient power to support its reception and transmission of signals also solves the possibility of mis-judgment of adjacent heads in pure RFID.
  • the LED not only bears the requirement of illuminating charging, but also can issue a downward command of the head to the ORFID, and the ORFID that is not illuminated by the LED will not receive the command, and therefore will not transmit the signal, so even ORFID
  • modules or steps of the present invention described above can be implemented by a general-purpose computing device that can be centralized on a single computing device or distributed across a network of multiple computing devices. Alternatively, they may be implemented by program code executable by the computing device, thereby Storing them in a storage device is performed by a computing device, and in some cases, the steps shown or described may be performed in an order different than that herein, or separately fabricated into individual integrated circuit modules, or Multiple of these modules or steps are fabricated as a single integrated circuit module. Thus, the invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.
  • a passive radio frequency identification tag, an optical radio frequency read/write head, and a radio frequency identification system provided by the embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: a command for transmitting and writing a radio frequency identification signal under the radio frequency identification tag by using an optical signal. It avoids the interference problem caused by sending read and write operation commands through radio frequency signals, so that multiple radio frequency identification tags receive commands.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种无源射频识别标签、光学射频读写头及射频识别***。其中，光学射频读写头包括：至少一个光发射器、芯片、射频天线，其中，上述射频天线，与上述芯片相连接，设置为接收射频识别标签发送的上行射频信号；上述芯片，设置为控制上述至少一个光发射器向上述射频识别标签发送下行光信号以及处理上述上行射频信号，以对上述射频识别标签进行读写操作；上述至少一个光发射器，与上述芯片相连接，设置为发射上述下行光信号。通过本发明，通过光信号对射频识别标签下射频识别信号发送读写操作的命令，避免了通过射频信号发送读写操作命令，使多个射频识别标签接收到命令，而导致的干扰问题。

Description

无源射频识别标签、光学射频读写头及射频识别*** 技术领域
本发明涉及通信领域，具体而言，涉及一种无源射频识别标签、光学射频读写头及射频识别***。
背景技术
随着光纤通信技术的成熟发展以及现代信息社会对网络的需求的不断推动，光纤网络已经取代铜线通讯网络，其网络从核心网，承载网一直到接入网进而光纤到户(FTTH，Fiber To The Home)几乎覆盖了所有的通讯网络。在整个光纤网路中有大量的光纤及连接点，如何辨别这些光纤以及其连接的状况成为运营商费时费力的事，为了提高工作效率，减少工作强度，给每个光连接点加一个智能标签，然后由读写头自动阅读，相关数据上报网管，使得光纤连接点检测自动化逐步成为共识，实现可视和可管的光纤网络。
智能光分配网络就是通过给每个光连接头加标签，以及读写头，使得其能自动上报其连接状态，即智能化。智能光分配网络(ODN，Optical Distribution Network)已经被中国通信标准化协会(CCSA)制定了相应的系列化标准，相应的产业链开始形成。
目前智能ODN主要采用两种标签技术：一种是接触式标签技术，比较典型的是1-Wire接口，或电可擦可编程只读存储器(EEPROM，Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory)接口，如图1所示，需要给标签供电。接触式标签技术对于标签结构的设计及可靠性提出了更高的要求，同时在某些改造场景中因为物理连接而不够灵活。另一种是非接触式标签技术，比较典型的是射频识别(RFID，radio frequency identification)技术，如图2所示，由于其本身的工作原理，即切割磁力线产生感应电流，因此其线圈需要有一定的工作面积以产生足够的感应电流驱动其芯片正常工作，其次读写头的工作线圈也要有一定的工作面积，相邻的RFID也会受到感应，造成相互干扰，因此该技术不适合用于密集光纤连接头的光节点的工作环境。
鉴于此，需要一种标签既保持非接触式的读写，同时也能满足密集光纤连接头的光节点要求的其他标签的读写技术。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种无源射频识别标签、光学射频读写头及射频识别***，以至少解决相关技术中接触式标签技术和RFID标签无法满足密集场景的问题。
根据本发明的一个实施例，提供了一种光学射频读写头，包括：至少一个光发射器、芯片、射频天线，其中，所述射频天线，与所述芯片相连接，设置为接收射频识别标签发送的上行射频信号；所述芯片，设置为控制所述至少一个光发射器向所述射频识别标签发送下行光信号，以及处理所述上行射频信号，以对所述射频识别标签进行读写操作；所述至少一个光发射器，与所述芯片相连接，设置为发射所述下行光信号。
所述光发射器为多个；所述芯片，还设置为在对多个所述射频识别标签中指定射频识别标签进行读写操作时，控制所述多个所述光发射器中与所述指定射频识别标签对应的所述光发射器发光，以开启所述指定射频识别标签；以及控制所述对应的所述光发射器发送所述下行光信号；所述多个所述光发射器，还设置为在所述芯片的控制下发光。
所述光学射频读写头包括一个所述射频天线。
每个所述光发射器为发光二极管(LED)或激光二极管(LD)。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，提供了一种无源射频识别标签，包括：光伏电池接收器、射频天线、芯片，其中，所述光伏电池接收器，与所述芯片和所述射频天线相连接，设置为将光学射频读写头发射的光能转换为电能，为所述芯片和所述射频天线供电；以及接收所述光学射频读写头发射的下行光信号，将所述下行光信号转换成电信号，并发送至所述芯片；所述芯片，设置为存储标签信息，处理所述电信号，响应所述光学射频读写头的读写操作，向所述光学射频读写头发送上行射频信号；所述射频天线，与所述芯片相连接，设置为发射所述上行射频信号。
根据本发明的又一个实施例，提供了一种射频标签识别***，包括：无源射频识别标签和光学射频读写头，其中，
所述无源射频识别标签包括：光伏电池接收器、第一射频天线、第一芯片，其中，所述光伏电池接收器，与所述第一芯片和所述第一射频天线相连接，设置为将所述光学射频读写头发射的光能转换为电能，为所述第一芯片和所述第一射频天线供电，以及接收所述光学射频读写头发射的下行光信号，将所述下行光信号转换成电信号，并 发送至所述第一芯片；所述第一芯片，设置为存储标签信息，处理所述电信号，响应所述光学射频读写头的读写操作，向所述光学射频读写头发送上行射频信号；所述第一射频天线，与所述第一芯片相连接，设置为发射所述上行射频信号；
所述光学射频读写头包括：至少一个光发射器、第二芯片、第二射频天线，其中，所述第二射频天线，与所述第二芯片相连接，设置为接收所述上行射频信号；所述第二芯片，设置为控制所述至少一个光发射器向所述射频识别标签发送所述下行光信号，以及处理所述上行射频信号，以对所述射频识别标签进行读写操作；所述至少一个光发射器，与所述第二芯片相连接，设置为发送在所述第二芯片的控制下所述下行光信号。
所述光发射器为多个；所述第二芯片，还设置为在对多个所述射频识别标签中指定射频识别标签进行读写操作时，控制所述多个所述光发射器中与所述指定射频识别标签对应的所述光发射器发光，以开启所述指定射频识别标签；以及控制所述对应的所述光发射器发送所述下行光信号；所述多个所述光发射器，还设置为在所述芯片的控制下发光。
所述光学射频读写头包括一个所述第二射频天线。
所述光发射器为LED或LD。
根据本发明的又一个实施例，提供了一种光纤连接头，所述光纤连接头上设置本发明上述的无源射频识别标签。
根据本发明的又一个实施例，提供了一种光纤接线装置，所述光纤接线装置上设置有上述的光学射频读写头；其中，所述接线装置包括多个连接口，每个所述连接口设置为可插拔的连接上述的光纤连接头；所述射频识别头的多个光发射器位于，当多个所述光纤连接头***所述多个连接口时，分别与对应的所述光纤连接头上的所述无源射频识别标签正对的位置。
根据本发明的又一个实施例，提供了一种射频识别标签***的读写方法，所述射频标签***包括：上述的光学射频读写头，以及多个上述的无源射频识别标签；所述方法包括：确定当前读写的无源射频识别标签；向所述当前读写的无源射频识别标签发送下行光信号，以对所述当前读写的无源射频识别标签进行读写操作；接收所述当前读写的无源射频识别标签响应所述读写操作发送的上行射频信号。
向所述当前读写的无源射频识别标签发送下行光信号之前，还包括：控制所述光学射频读写头中与所述当前读写的无源射频识别标签对应的光发射器发光，以对所述当前读写的无源射频识别标签供电。
对所述当前读写的无源射频识别标签进行读写操作，包括：向所述当前读写的无源射频识别标标签发送询问指令，其中，所述询问指令御用询问所述当前读写的无源射频识别标签的状态；接收所述当前读写的无源射频识别标签发送的第一状态。
上述方法还包括：判断所述第一状态；当所述第一状态指示所述当前读写的无源射频识别标签为空白时，为所述当前读写的无源射频识别标签分配标签信息。
上述方法还包括：判断所述第一状态；当所述第一状态指示所述当前读写的无源射频识别标签已有标签信息，请求所述当前读写的无源射频识别标签上报其标签信息。
上述方法还包括：接收所述当前读写的无源射频识别标签上报的标签信息；判断接收到的标签信息是否符合预设条件；当所述接收到的标签信息不符合所述预设条件时，为所述当前读写的无源射频识别标签分配新的标签信息。
对所述当前读写的无源射频识别标签进行读写操作之后，还包括：关闭所述光学射频读写头中与所述当前读写的无源射频识别标签对应的光发射器；对所述多个无源射频识别标签中的其他无源射频识别标签进行读写操作。
根据本发明的又一个实施例，提供了一种射频识别标签***的读写装置，所述射频标签***包括：上述的光学射频读写头，以及多个上述的无源射频识别标签；所述装置包括：确定模块，设置为确定当前读写的无源射频识别标签；发送模块，设置为向所述当前读写的无源射频识别标签发送下行光信号，以对所述当前读写的无源射频识别标签进行读写操作；接收模块，设置为接收所述当前读写的无源射频识别标签响应所述读写操作发送的上行射频信号。
通过本发明实施例，通过光信号对射频识别标签下射频识别信号发送读写操作的命令，避免了通过射频信号发送读写操作命令，使多个射频识别标签接收到命令，而导致的干扰问题。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中：
图1是根据相关技术的接触式标签技术的示意图；
图2是根据相关技术的RFID技术的示意图；
图3是根据本发明实施例的光学射频读写头的结构框图；
图4是根据本发明实施例的无源射频识别标签的结构框图；
图5是根据本发明实施例的射频标签识别***的示意图；
图6是根据本发明实施例的光纤连接头和光纤接线装置的示意图；
图7是根据本发明实施例的射频识别标签***的读写方法的流程图；
图8是根据本发明实施例的射频识别标签***的读写装置的结构框图；以及
图9是根据本发明实施例优选的射频识别***的示意图。
具体实施方式
下文中将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
在以下实施例中，提供了一种非接触式的标签方案，视光学射频读写头上设置光发射器，使用光信号向射频识别标签发送命令；无源射频识别标签上设置光伏电池接收器，对射频识别标签(RFID)进行充电，并接收光信号。具有光伏电池接收器的射频识别标签简称为光射频识别标签(ORFID，Optical RFID)，也称为无源射频识别标签。
实施例一
图3是根据本发明实施例的光学射频读写头的结构框图，如图3所示，本发明实施例的光学射频读写头可以包括：至少一个光发射器310、芯片320、射频天线330，其中，射频天线330，与芯片320相连接，设置为接收射频识别标签发送的上行射频信号；芯片320，设置为控制至少一个光发射器310向射频识别标签发送下行光信号以及处理上行射频信号，以对射频识别标签进行读写操作；光发射器310，与芯片320相连接，设置为发射下行光信号。
在本发明实施例的一个优选实施方式中，光发射器310为多个；芯片320，还设置为在对多个射频识别标签中指定射频识别标签进行读写操作时，控制多个光发射器 310中与指定射频识别标签对应的光发射器310发光，以开启指定射频识别标签；以及控制对应的光发射器发送下行光信号；多个光发射器310，还设置为在芯片320的控制下发光。通过该优选实施方式，对要读写的射频识别标签进行充电，开启该射频识别标签，其他射频识别标签由于没有电能，无法接收和发射射频信号，从而更好地避免干扰。
在本发明实施例的一个优选实施方式中，光学射频读写头可以只包括一个射频天线330。通过该优选实施方式，不用对每个射频识别标签都设置一个射频天线，从而降低成本。
当然，在本发明实施例中，设置多个射频天线330也是可以的，为了避免相互干扰，最好在多个射频天线330之间保持一定距离。
在本发明实施例的一个有优选实施方式中，光发射器330可以是LED，但并不限于此。
实施例二
图4是根据本发明实施例的无源射频识别标签的结构框图，如图4所示，本发明实施例的无源射频识别标签主要包括：光伏电池接收器(Photonic Voltage Detector，简称为PVD)410、射频天线420、芯片430，其中，光伏电池接收器410，与芯片430和射频天线420相连接，设置为将光学射频读写头发射的光能转换为电能，为芯片430和射频天线420供电；以及接收光学射频读写头发射的下行光信号，将下行光信号转换成电信号，并发送至芯片430；射频天线420，与芯片430相连接；芯片430，设置为存储标签信息，处理电信号，响应光学射频读写头的读写操作，向光学射频读写头发送上行射频信号。
实施例三
图5是根据本发明实施例的射频标签识别***的示意图，如图5所示，该***包括：无源射频识别标签1和光学射频读写头2，其中，
参考图4，每个无源射频识别标签1包括：光伏电池接收器、射频天线、芯片，其中，光伏电池接收器，与芯片和射频天线相连接，设置为将光学射频读写头发射的光能转换为电能，为芯片和射频天线供电；以及接收光学射频读写头发射的下行光信号，将下行光信号转换成电信号，并发送至芯片；芯片，设置为存储标签信息，处理电信号，响应光学射频读写头2的读写操作，向光学射频读写头2发送上行射频信号。
参考图3，光学射频读写头2包括：至少一个光发射器、芯片、射频天线，其中，射频天线，与芯片相连接，设置为向无源射频识别标签1发送下行射频信号；至少一个光发射器，与芯片相连接，设置为在芯片的控制下向无源射频识别标签1发送下行光信号；芯片，设置为控制至少一个光发射器向射频识别标签1发送下行光信号，以及处理上行射频信号，以对射频识别标签1进行读写操作。
在本发明实施例的一个优选实施方式中，光发射器为多个；光学射频读写头2的芯片，还设置为在对多个射频识别标签中指定射频识别标签进行读写操作时，控制多个光发射器中与指定射频识别标签对应的光发射器发光，以开启指定射频识别标签；以及控制对应的光发射器发送下行光信号；多个光发射器，还设置为在光学射频读写头2的芯片的控制下发光。通过该优选实施方式，对要读写的射频识别标签进行充电，开启该射频识别标签，其他射频识别标签由于没有电能，无法接收和发射射频信号，从而更好地避免干扰。
在本发明实施例的一个实施方式中，光学射频读写头2可以只包括一个射频天线。
在本发明实施例的一个实施方式中，光发射器可以是LED，或LD，但并不限于此。
对于无源射频识别标签1和光学射频读写头2，可以参见实施例一和实施例二的描述，在此不再赘述。
实施例四
图6是根据本发明实施例的光纤连接头和光纤接线装置的示意图，如图6所示，每个光纤连接头上设置有实施例二的无源射频识别标签。光纤接线装置上设置有实施例一的光学射频读写头。其中，接线装置包括多个连接口，每个连接口设置为可插拔的连接光纤连接头；射频识别头的多个光发射器位于，当多个光纤连接头***多个连接口时，分别与对应的光纤连接头上的无源射频识别标签正对的位置。
实施例五
图7是根据本发明实施例的射频识别标签***的读写方法的流程图，射频标签***包括：实施例一的光学射频读写头，以及多个实施例二的无源射频识别标签。如图7所示，该方法包括步骤S702至步骤S706。
步骤S702，确定当前读写的无源射频识别标签。
步骤S704，向当前读写的无源射频识别标签发送下行光信号，以对当前读写的无源射频识别标签进行读写操作。
步骤S706，接收当前读写的无源射频识别标签响应读写操作发送的上行射频信号。
在本发明实施例的一个优选实施方式中，向当前读写的无源射频识别标签发送下行光信号之前，还可以控制光学射频读写头中与当前读写的无源射频识别标签对应的光发射器发光，以对当前读写的无源射频识别标签供电。通过该优选实施方式，对要读写的射频识别标签进行充电，开启该射频识别标签，其他射频识别标签由于没有电能，无法接收和发射射频信号，从而更好地避免干扰。
在本发明实施例的一个实施方式中，上述对当前读写的无源射频识别标签进行读写操作可以包括：向当前读写的无源射频识别标标签发送询问指令，其中，该询问指令设置为询问所述当前读写的无源射频识别标签的状态；接收所述当前读写的无源射频识别标签发送的第一状态。优选地，上述的状态可以是标签信息等。标签信息可以包括身份信息和位置信息。
在本发明实施例的一个实施方式中，还可以判断上述第一状态；当第一状态指示当前读写的无源射频识别标签为空白时，为当前读写的无源射频识别标签分配标签信息。
在本发明实施例的一个实施方式中，还可以判断上述第一状态；当第一状态指示当前读写的无源射频识别标签已有标签信息，请求当前读写的无源射频识别标签上报其标签信息。
在本发明实施例的一个实施方式中，还可以接收当前读写的无源射频识别标签上报的标签信息；判断接收到的标签信息是否符合预设条件；当接收到的标签信息不符合预设条件时，为当前读写的无源射频识别标签分配新的标签信息。
在本发明实施例的一个实施方式中，对当前读写的无源射频识别标签进行读写操作之后，还可以关闭光学射频读写头中与当前读写的无源射频识别标签对应的光发射器；对多个无源射频识别标签中的其他无源射频识别标签进行读写操作。
图8是根据本发明实施例的射频识别标签***的读写装置的结构框图，该装置包括：确定模块810，设置为确定当前读写的无源射频识别标签；发送模块820，设置为向当前读写的无源射频识别标签发送下行光信号，以对当前读写的无源射频识别标签 进行读写操作；接收模块830，设置为接收当前读写的无源射频识别标签响应读写操作发送的上行射频信号。
下面对本发明实施例的优选实施方式进行描述。
优选实施方式一
在该优选实施方式中，对原光学射频读写头增加一个LED光发射器，对原RFID的标签增加一个光伏电池接收器，简称为光学RFID即ORFID(Optical RFID)。通过光学射频读写头的LED对标签进行充电，或者发射下行光信号，以及通过ORFID的射频天线完成标签向读写头发射上行信号，其下行是运用了光无线通信技术，而上行是运用了射频通信技术。ORFID可以满足标签无源，以及非接触式读写的智能ODN的技术要求。
图5是根据本发明实施例优选的射频识别***的示意图，如图9所示，该***包括：光学射频读写头，以及无源射频识别标签。
其中，光学射频读写头在原有结构(射频线圈及处理芯片)的基础上增加了一个LED光发射器，而RFID的标签也在原有的基础上增加了一个光伏电池接收器。首先读写头打开光发射器对ORFID进行充电，然后通过LED发射下行光信号，ORFID接收到指令后，通过其射频天线进行回复，读写头根据回复评估后，决定是否继续通讯，或结束通讯。
对于密集读写的需求，如图9所示，也可以由一个光学射频读写头，以及几个无源射频识别标签组成。
光学射频读写头包括多个光发射器、一个射频天线以及一个芯片，基本架构图如图3所示。它是一个有源设备，可以通过光发射器发射光给无源射频识别标签充电，也可以发射RF信号给无源射频识别标签传递指令，其射频天线也可以接收无源射频识别标签传送回来的数据信号，控制芯片对数据信号进行处理。为了避免多个ORFID同时发射信息，造成光学射频读写头接收信息的混乱，通过控制光发射器LED的发射状态来控制标签接收和发射信息的顺序，即如果需要读写某个指定标签的信息，那就打开对应标签上方对应的LED光发射器对其充电，读取完毕后关闭光发射器，而其他标签由于光发射器是关闭的处于无电的状态，因此即不能接收信号也不会发射信号，同时所有ORFID标签共用一个读写头的射频天线，而读写头的控制及处理部分在旁边的空闲位置上，这样做的一个好处，不需要在每个标签上安置一个完整的读写头，降低了成本，也减少了缩小光学射频读写头的体积的技术难度，目前只需在狭窄标签上 方空间安置一个对应的LED灯即可，同时射频天线共用也降低了成本，减小了安装难度。
无源射频识别标签包括光电池、射频天线以及芯片组成，基本架构如图4所示，首先由光伏电池接收器将接收的光转化为电源给射频天线以及芯片，然后将接收的光数据信号转化为相应的电信号传输给芯片，芯片对数据处理后，根据要求启动射频天线将答复信号传送给光学射频读写头。
由于ORFID本身是无源的，首先由光学射频读写头发光给射频天线以及芯片充电，然后由光学射频读写头对射频天线以及芯片发出相应光信号的指令，光伏电池接收器接收指令后，通过无源射频识别标签自己射频天线发射相应的回复，光学射频读写头收到回复后对其进行处理，如果信息足够，就告知无源射频识别标签收到，结束；如果信息不充分，读写头再发出询问指令，无源射频识别标签根据要求再发出答复，一直到光学射频读写头满意为止。光学射频读写头与无源射频识别标签之间是不接触的，但相距很短，一般限制在很短距离以内，对于智能ODN中的应用可以限制在1厘米以内，它们之间是通过光无线通讯点对点(P2P)技术进行下行数据传输的，以及通过射频无线通讯点对点(P2P)技术进行上行数据传输的。
优选实施方式二
本优选实施方式的核心是无源和非接触式标签及它与读写头组成的标签读写***，通过光学射频读写头给无源射频识别标签充电以及传输下行光信号，然后通过射频无线传输技术由无源射频识别标签向读写头进行回复，另外无源射频识别标签具有可编辑，可重复使用的功能。
该优选实施方式的总体方案如图5所示，对标签信息进行读写是由光学射频读写头中芯片的发起的，无源射频识别标签主要存储身份及位置信息，这些信息是由光学射频读写头赋予的，也可以由光学射频读写头对其进行修改，无源射频识别标签的工作电源是由其光伏电池接收器通过光转换而来的，是通过光学射频读写头对其充电的，同时光学射频读写头通过LED对无源射频识别标签发出相关指令，而无源射频识别标签通过射频的方式对其信息进行回复，光学射频读写头可以控制无源射频识别标签上方的光发射器开或关的状态来决定对应的标签进行信息的读取。
对于多个密集读写标签的智能ODN的需求，其光学射频读写头也可以集成即共用一个芯片以及一个射频天线，如图9所示。这样做的一个好处是缩小了体积，降低了成本。
光学射频读写头如图3所示，它是一个有源设备，包括多个光发射器，一个射频天线以及一个芯片。其中光发射器，一般是用LED，它的作用是给无源射频识别标签充电以及给无源射频识别标签发射下行指令光信号；而射频天线的作用是接收无源射频识别标签的回复信号；最后控制处理芯片可以接收外部网管的指令，启动对无源射频识别标签的读写，对于空白的无源射频识别标签可以赋予其身份和位置信息，也可以对已有身份信息的无源射频识别标签进行阅读和比对，还可以对无源射频识别标签进行相应信息的修改，控制芯片可以通过LED的开或关的状态来启动对某个无源射频识别标签的信息传输和读取，最后读写头将相关信息传送给网管或控制中心保存。
无源射频识别标签如图4所示，它本身是无源的，包括光伏电池接收器、射频天线及芯片。其中光伏电池接收器接收光学射频读写头的光将其转换为电源供射频天线及芯片，以及将读写头的下行光信号指令转换为电信号传送给芯片；芯片对指令进行处理，启动射频天线进行回复，射频天线根据控制芯片的要求，发送回复信号，同时芯片具有信息存储的功能。
优选实施方式三
在该优选实施方式中，如图6所示，首先将无源射频识别标签安置在光学连接头上，标签上方安置对应的LED光发射器，而读写头控制和处理部分安置在设备的空闲地方，所有的标签共用一个读写头的射频天线。当光连接头***连接盒时，表示该光纤已经处于连接的状态，而这时标签正好处于读写头的光发射器的下方。在使用本方法对标签进行读写时，工作流程具体过程如下：
首先读写头接收到网管或控制中心的指令对标签进行读写，控制芯片开始启动读写过程，首先对读写头打开对应无源射频识别标签的光发射器LED对其进行充电，然后开始执行如下测试步骤：
1、由LED向无源射频识别标签发出问询指令，如：标签的状态。
2、无源射频识别标签回复目前状态，如：空白或已有身份信息。
3、如果是空白身份信息，读写头分配一个身份信息给无源射频识别标签；如果是已有正确身份信息，光学射频读写头要求无源射频识别标签报出身份信息。
4、无源射频识别标签执行完毕后报告自己目前的身份信息。
5、读写头对身份信息进行验证，如果不符合要求，读写头重新赋予无源射频识别标签新的身份信息，无源射频识别标签重复步骤4.然后读写头对信息重新评估如果不满意，再重复步骤3，4，5。
如果反馈的信息符合要求，则读写头，发出：《结束》的指令。
6、无源射频识别标签收到结束，谢谢指令后，回复：《结束，确认》。
7、读写头收到回复后，关闭LED。
8、读写头打开另一个无源射频识别标签对应的LED，重复步骤1-7。
从以上的描述中，可以看出，本发明实现了如下技术效果：无源射频识别标签相对于纯RFID有几大好处：
首先，其射频天线不需要兼顾供电问题，因此天线的功能恢复其发射和接收射频的本能，其设计可以做的比较小，大大缩小了标签的大小和体积，相应的光学射频读写头也可以不需考虑大小，只需在标签上方安置一个LED光发射器即可，同时射频天线和其他部分均共用，大大降低了成本，克服了纯RFID尺寸不能做小而限制其应用的问题，ORFID可以解决密集光连接头的标识问题。
其次，由于标签是通过光来充电的，只有在读写的时候读写头才发光给标签充电，这样也不存在对相邻标签误供电的问题，而相邻标签由于没有光的照射也没有足够的电来支撑其接收和发射信号，也解决了纯RFID中相邻竞争发送信号，使得读写头误判的可能性。
另外，LED不但承担发光充电的要求，而且还可以向ORFID发出读写头的下行指令，而没有被LED照射到的ORFID将接收不到指令，因此也不会发射信号回复，所以即使ORFID
被其他光源照射充电了，但如果它没有被指定的读写头LED照射到，收不到指令，因此也不会发射回复信号。这双重保险功能使得相邻标签不会由于竞争发送信号，使得读写头有误判的可能。
显然，本领域的技术人员应该明白，上述的本发明的各模块或各步骤可以用通用的计算装置来实现，它们可以集中在单个的计算装置上，或者分布在多个计算装置所组成的网络上，可选地，它们可以用计算装置可执行的程序代码来实现，从而，可以 将它们存储在存储装置中由计算装置来执行，并且在某些情况下，可以以不同于此处的顺序执行所示出或描述的步骤，或者将它们分别制作成各个集成电路模块，或者将它们中的多个模块或步骤制作成单个集成电路模块来实现。这样，本发明不限制于任何特定的硬件和软件结合。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
工业实用性
如上所述，本发明实施例提供的一种无源射频识别标签、光学射频读写头及射频识别***，具有以下有益效果：通过光信号对射频识别标签下射频识别信号发送读写操作的命令，避免了通过射频信号发送读写操作命令，使多个射频识别标签接收到命令，而导致的干扰问题。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种光学射频读写头，包括：至少一个光发射器、芯片、射频天线，其中，
    所述射频天线，与所述芯片相连接，设置为接收射频识别标签发送的上行射频信号；
    所述芯片，设置为控制所述至少一个光发射器向所述射频识别标签发送下行光信号以及处理所述上行射频信号，以对所述射频识别标签进行读写操作；
    所述至少一个光发射器，与所述芯片相连接，设置为发射所述下行光信号。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光学射频读写头，其中，所述光发射器为多个；
    所述芯片，还设置为在对多个所述射频识别标签中指定射频识别标签进行读写操作时，控制所述多个所述光发射器中与所述指定射频识别标签对应的所述光发射器发光，以开启所述指定射频识别标签；以及控制所述对应的所述光发射器发送所述下行光信号；
    所述多个所述光发射器，还设置为在所述芯片的控制下发光。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的光学射频读写头，其中，所述光学射频读写头包括一个所述射频天线。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的光学射频读写头，其中，每个所述光发射器为发光二极管LED或激光二极管LD。
  5. 一种无源射频识别标签，包括：光伏电池接收器、射频天线、芯片，其中，
    所述光伏电池接收器，与所述芯片和所述射频天线相连接，设置为将光学射频读写头发射的光能转换为电能，为所述芯片和所述射频天线供电；以及接收所述光学射频读写头发射的下行光信号，将所述下行光信号转换成电信号，并发送至所述芯片；
    所述芯片，设置为存储标签信息，处理所述电信号，响应所述光学射频读写头的读写操作，向所述光学射频读写头发送上行射频信号；
    所述射频天线，与所述芯片相连接，设置为发射所述上行射频信号。
  6. 一种射频标签识别***，包括：无源射频识别标签和光学射频读写头，其中，
    所述无源射频识别标签包括：光伏电池接收器、第一射频天线、第一芯片，其中，所述光伏电池接收器，与所述第一芯片和所述第一射频天线相连接，设置为将所述光学射频读写头发射的光能转换为电能，为所述第一芯片和所述第一射频天线供电，以及接收所述光学射频读写头发射的下行光信号，将所述下行光信号转换成电信号，并发送至所述第一芯片；所述第一芯片，设置为存储标签信息，处理所述电信号，响应所述光学射频读写头的读写操作，向所述光学射频读写头发送上行射频信号；所述第一射频天线，与所述第一芯片相连接，设置为发射所述上行射频信号；
    所述光学射频读写头包括：至少一个光发射器、第二芯片、第二射频天线，其中，所述第二射频天线，与所述第二芯片相连接，设置为接收所述上行射频信号；所述第二芯片，设置为控制所述至少一个光发射器向所述射频识别标签发送所述下行光信号，以及处理所述上行射频信号，以对所述射频识别标签进行读写操作；所述至少一个光发射器，与所述第二芯片相连接，设置为发送在所述第二芯片的控制下所述下行光信号。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的射频标签识别***，其中，所述光发射器为多个；
    所述第二芯片，还设置为在对多个所述射频识别标签中指定射频识别标签进行读写操作时，控制所述多个所述光发射器中与所述指定射频识别标签对应的所述光发射器发光，以开启所述指定射频识别标签；以及控制所述对应的所述光发射器发送所述下行光信号；
    所述多个所述光发射器，还设置为在所述芯片的控制下发光。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的射频标签识别***，其中，所述光学射频读写头包括一个所述第二射频天线。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的射频标签识别***，其中，所述光发射器为发光二极管LED或激光二极管LD。
  10. 一种光纤连接头，所述光纤连接头上设置有如权利要求5所述的无源射频识别标签。
  11. 一种光纤接线装置，所述光纤接线装置上设置有如权利要求1至4中任一项所述的光学射频读写头；其中，
    所述接线装置包括多个连接口，每个所述连接口设置为可插拔的连接如权利要求10所述的光纤连接头；
    所述射频识别头的多个光发射器位于，当多个所述光纤连接头***所述多个连接口时，分别与对应的所述光纤连接头上的所述无源射频识别标签正对的位置。
  12. 一种射频识别标签***的读写方法，所述射频标签***包括：如权利要求1至4中任一项所述的光学射频读写头，以及多个如权利要求5所述的无源射频识别标签；所述方法包括：
    确定当前读写的无源射频识别标签；
    向所述当前读写的无源射频识别标签发送下行光信号，以对所述当前读写的无源射频识别标签进行读写操作；
    接收所述当前读写的无源射频识别标签响应所述读写操作发送的上行射频信号。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其中，向所述当前读写的无源射频识别标签发送下行光信号之前，还包括：
    控制所述光学射频读写头中与所述当前读写的无源射频识别标签对应的光发射器发光，以对所述当前读写的无源射频识别标签供电。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其中，对所述当前读写的无源射频识别标签进行读写操作，包括：
    向所述当前读写的无源射频识别标标签发送询问指令，其中，所述询问指令御用询问所述当前读写的无源射频识别标签的状态；
    接收所述当前读写的无源射频识别标签发送的第一状态。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，其中，还包括：
    判断所述第一状态；
    当所述第一状态指示所述当前读写的无源射频识别标签为空白时，为所述当前读写的无源射频识别标签分配标签信息。
  16. 根据权利要求14或15所述的方法，其中，还包括：
    判断所述第一状态；
    当所述第一状态指示所述当前读写的无源射频识别标签已有标签信息，请求所述当前读写的无源射频识别标签上报其标签信息。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的方法，其中，还包括：
    接收所述当前读写的无源射频识别标签上报的标签信息；
    判断接收到的标签信息是否符合预设条件；
    当所述接收到的标签信息不符合所述预设条件时，为所述当前读写的无源射频识别标签分配新的标签信息。
  18. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其中，对所述当前读写的无源射频识别标签进行读写操作之后，还包括：
    关闭所述光学射频读写头中与所述当前读写的无源射频识别标签对应的光发射器；
    对所述多个无源射频识别标签中的其他无源射频识别标签进行读写操作。
  19. 一种射频识别标签***的读写装置，所述射频标签***包括：如权利要求1至4中任一项所述的光学射频读写头，以及多个如权利要求5所述的无源射频识别标签；所述装置包括：
    确定模块，设置为确定当前读写的无源射频识别标签；
    发送模块，设置为向所述当前读写的无源射频识别标签发送下行光信号，以对所述当前读写的无源射频识别标签进行读写操作；
    接收模块，设置为接收所述当前读写的无源射频识别标签响应所述读写操作发送的上行射频信号。
PCT/CN2014/088870 2014-05-23 2014-10-17 无源射频识别标签、光学射频读写头及射频识别*** WO2015176479A1 (zh)

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