WO2015172686A1 - 气动蓄能式无针注射器 - Google Patents
气动蓄能式无针注射器 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015172686A1 WO2015172686A1 PCT/CN2015/078580 CN2015078580W WO2015172686A1 WO 2015172686 A1 WO2015172686 A1 WO 2015172686A1 CN 2015078580 W CN2015078580 W CN 2015078580W WO 2015172686 A1 WO2015172686 A1 WO 2015172686A1
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- impact member
- free injector
- impact
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- cylinder
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- the invention relates to a pneumatic energy storage needleless injector.
- the needle-free injection technology is used for drug injection without the aid of a needle.
- the liquid medicine directly enters the body tissue by means of ultra-fine, high-speed, straight-line high-pressure jet, which solves a series of problems caused by the needle injection into the body.
- problems caused by the needle injection into the body Such as: pain, bleeding, infection, tissue damage, psychological pressure of patients, etc.; at the same time, the distribution of drugs without needle injection in the tissue is more diffuse, which is conducive to the absorption of drugs, long-term injection of skin is not easy to induration. Therefore, needle-free injection technology has broad application prospects, especially for children vaccination and diabetes patients.
- the pneumatically driven needle-free injector is an ideal needle-free injector because it can be continuously injected and the operator has low labor intensity.
- There are two main sources of compressed gas one is derived from a common air compressor, such as the Chinese patent number 201220045555.4, the patent name is 'a needleless syringe' structure, and the other is derived from liquid carbon dioxide. Or nitrogen, obtained by liquid-gas sublimation conversion, such as the Chinese patent number 201220572421.8, the patent name is 'human low pressure needleless injector' structure.
- the existing compressed gas-driven needle-free injector has a complicated structure.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a pneumatic accumulator type needleless syringe which is simple in structure and convenient to use.
- a pneumatic energy storage needleless injector comprising a cylinder having a lumen, a front end cover fixed to the front end of the cylinder, a needleless ampoule assembly mounted on the front end cover, and a An impact member disposed in the cylinder barrel in a front-rear direction, the impact member forming a closed first chamber between the cylinder barrel and the rear portion of the cylinder barrel, the needle-free injector further comprising
- the first chamber is filled with a gas supply device for compressing gas
- the needle-free ampoule assembly includes at least a piston rod movable in a front-rear direction, and the impact member has an energy storage state and an impact state in the cylinder barrel.
- the air supply device fills the chamber with compressed gas; when the impact member is in an impact state, the impact member impacts forward and The piston rod is driven to move forward, and the cylinder tube is further provided with a control mechanism for switching the working state of the impact member.
- control mechanism includes a pawl rotatably disposed on the cylinder barrel, and one end of the pawl rotatably abuts against or is disengaged from the front end of the impact member.
- an elastic member for driving the pawl to rotate against the front end of the impact member is further disposed between the pawl and the cylinder barrel.
- the pawl is L-shaped.
- the front end of the cylinder is open with a through hole communicating with the inner cavity, and the end of the pawl is rotatably inserted in the through hole.
- the pneumatic accumulator type needle-free injector further includes a rear end cover fixed to the rear end of the cylinder barrel, and the control mechanism includes a fixedly disposed on the rear end cover to be suckable with the impact member a magnet that is in an energy storage state when the magnet is attracted to the impact member; and the impact member is in an impact state when the magnet is disengaged from the impact member.
- the rear end cover is further provided with an air flow passage for communicating the air supply device and the inner cavity of the cylinder.
- the rear portion of the impact member is fixed with a seal that can block the mouth of the air flow passage.
- the pneumatic accumulator type needle-free injector further includes a rear end cover fixed to the rear end of the cylinder barrel, and a fixing block fixedly disposed in the inner cavity of the cylinder barrel, the fixing block placing the cylinder tube
- the inner cavity is divided into two independent chambers and the first chamber in the front-rear direction
- the control mechanism includes a magnet fixedly disposed on the fixing block and capable of attracting the impact member.
- the fixing block is provided with an air flow passage connecting the first chamber and the second chamber, and when the magnet is attracted to the impact member, the impact member is in an energy storage state; When the magnet is separated from the impact member, the impact member is in an impact state.
- the rear portion of the impact member is fixed with a seal that can block the air flow passage.
- the rear end cover is provided with an air inlet for communicating the air supply means and the inner cavity of the cylinder.
- the pneumatic accumulator type needle-free injector further includes an electric control device for controlling an operating state of the air supply device.
- the electrical control device includes at least an intake control button for controlling the air supply device to inflate the first chamber, and for controlling the air supply device into the first chamber Pumping pumping control button.
- the air supply device includes at least a pneumatic pump, an intake line detachably coupled between the air pump and the rear end cover.
- the air supply device includes a pneumatic pump or a gas storage tank storing compressed gas, an intake line communicating with the chamber, and the gas inlet pump or the gas storage device Electromagnetic reversing valve between tanks.
- the rear end portion of the impact member is disposed in conformity with the rear end cylinder wall of the cylinder barrel.
- the impact member is disposed coaxially with the piston rod.
- the present invention has the following advantages over the prior art: the pneumatic energy storage type needle-free injector of the present invention, wherein the impact energy is accumulated by releasing the potential energy of the forward moving part of the impact member.
- the impact which in turn drives the piston rod of the needleless ampoule assembly to move, realizes the injection of the liquid medicine.
- the needleless syringe uses the technology of the sealless impact cylinder, which greatly simplifies the structure of the pneumatic needleless injector, not only greatly reduces the manufacturing cost, but also has extremely stable injection impact force and good performance.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a needle-free injector in an energy storage state according to a first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a needle-free injector in an energy storage state according to a second embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a needle-free injector in an energy storage state according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a needle-free injector in an impact state according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 5 is a structural schematic view showing the needle-free injector of the fourth embodiment of the present invention in an energy storage state.
- a cylinder 11 having an inner cavity, and a front end cover fixed to the front end of the cylinder 11 a rear end cover 112 fixed to the rear end of the cylinder barrel 11, a needleless ampoule assembly 15 mounted on the front end cover 12, and an impact member 13 which is movable in the front-rear direction and disposed in the inner cavity of the cylinder barrel 13
- An air supply device for supplying a compressed gas the impact member 13 forming a closed first chamber 113 between the cylinder 11 and the rear portion of the cylinder tube 11 to the first chamber 113 through the air supply device
- the compressed gas is filled therein to drive the impact member 13 to move forward in the inner cavity of the cylinder 11.
- Needle-free ampoule assembly 15 Removably mounted to the front end cover 12 This makes it easy to remove and replace it after one injection is completed.
- the needle-free ampoule assembly 15 includes a syringe having a drug solution chamber 152, a piston rod 151 movable in the front-rear direction, and a piston rod 151 At least a portion of the rear portion is inserted into the inner cavity of the cylinder tube 11 through the opening of the front end of the cylinder tube 11. When the impact member 13 is forwardly impacted, the piston rod 151 is moved forward to push the liquid medicine for injection.
- the piston rod 151 is driven to move forward to complete the injection, and the impact member 13
- the cylinder 11 has an energy storage state and an impact state. In the energy storage state, the impact member 13 is stationary, and the air supply device continuously inflates the chamber of the cylinder 11 so that the impact member 13 The potential energy moving forward is continuously accumulated; when the impact member 13 is in an impact state, the impact member 13 strikes forward and drives the piston rod 151 to move forward.
- the needle-free ampoule assembly 15 is mounted on the front end cover 12 with its piston rod 151 inserted in the inner cavity of the cylinder 11 and the piston rod 151
- the rear end and the front end of the impact member 13 should be left at an appropriate distance, that is, the impact member 13 has a certain distance between the front end and the rear end of the piston rod 151 in the state of energy storage, so that the impact member 13 After accumulating energy, the piston rod is driven to the impact state.
- the impact member 13 When the impact member 13 is impacted, the impact member 13 has reached a higher speed when it comes into contact with the piston rod 151, so that the piston rod 151 Initially, it can be impacted at a faster speed to avoid the initial flow of the drug and the inability to enter the patient.
- the cylinder 11 is also provided with a control mechanism 14 for switching the operating state of the impact member 13.
- the control mechanism 14 includes a pawl 141 which is rotatably provided on the cylinder barrel 11 via a rotating shaft 143.
- the pawl 141 has an L-shaped structure, and the cylinder 11
- the upper opening is provided with a through hole 111 communicating with the inner cavity thereof, and the pawl end of the front portion of the pawl 141 is rotatably inserted into the through hole 111 and abuts against the front end of the impact member 13, or is detachably detached from the impact member 13 Front end.
- a spring 142 is disposed between the rear end of the pawl 141 and the cylinder barrel 11, and the spring 142 should have a good rigidity, so that in the normal state, the spring 142 generates the outward pushing pawl 141.
- the pawl end of the front portion of the pawl 141 abuts against the front end of the impact member 13, so that the impact member 13 is in an energy storage state, and when the injection is required after the end of the energy storage, the pawl 141 is pressed.
- the rear end overcomes the elastic force of the spring 142 to cause the pawl 141 to rotate away from the impact member 13, and the impact member 13 strikes forward and drives the piston rod 151 to move forward to effect injection.
- the pawl end of the pawl 141 abuts against the impact member 13, and the needle-free ampoule assembly containing the medical liquid is to be contained.
- the rear portion of the piston rod 151 is inserted into the inner cavity of the cylinder barrel 11 and located in front of the impact member 13, and the rear end of the piston rod 151 and the impact member 13 The front end is kept at a certain distance, as shown in Figure 1.
- the air supply device includes a pneumatic pump that supplies compressed gas or a gas storage tank (not shown) that stores compressed gas, and a cylinder 11
- the internal combustion chamber is connected to the intake line 16 , and the electromagnetic reversing valve 17 is disposed between the intake line 16 and the air pump 17 , and the pneumatic pump or the gas storage tank and the intake pipe are switched by the electromagnetic reversing valve 17 .
- the rear end cover 112 is provided with an air flow passage 114 communicating with the inner cavity of the cylinder tube 11, and the first chamber 113 for storing compressed gas is essentially the impact member 13 and the rear end cover 112.
- the space enclosed between the inner wall of the cylinder 11 and the lumen of the intake pipe 16 and the air flow passage 114 are composed of three parts.
- the electromagnetic reversing valve 17 When an injection is required, the electromagnetic reversing valve 17 is first switched to the communication state, and the compressed gas in the air pump or the gas storage tank passes through the intake line. The gas is continuously introduced into the chamber of the cylinder 11 and the pressure in the chamber is continuously increased, so that the impact member 13 continuously accumulates the potential energy moving forward; when the pressure in the chamber 13 is increased to a certain extent, the spine is pressed. claw At the position where the rear end of the 141 is mounted with the spring 142, the pawl 141 is rotated away from the impact member 13, and the impact member 13 hits the piston rod of the needle-free ampoule assembly 15 with rapid acceleration. To achieve the injection of the drug solution, the injection impact force at the time of injection is extremely stable and can be controlled within 5%. After the injection is completed, the electromagnetic reversing valve 17 is switched to the off state, the cylinder 11 is rotated and inverted, and the impact member 13 The reset is achieved by moving backwards under the action of gravity.
- the embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, and the difference from the first embodiment is only that the impact member 13 can be attached to the cylinder. 11 at the rear end cover 112 of the rear end, and the impact member 13 is blocked at the outlet portion of the air flow passage 114.
- the intake line 16 and the air flow passage 114 form a first chamber for storing compressed gas. 113, so that there is no need to cover the impact member 13 and the rear end of the cylinder 11 A certain space is reserved between the compressed gas to further reduce the volume of the needle-free injector.
- the rear end of the impact member 13 is also provided with a groove. 31 to avoid that the impact member 13 cannot be completely fitted to the rear end cover 112.
- the cylinder 31 having the inner cavity and the front end cover 32 fixed to the front end of the cylinder 31 are included.
- a rear end cover 33 fixed to the rear end of the cylinder barrel 31 a needleless ampoule assembly 37 mounted on the front end cover 32, and an impact member 34 movably disposed in the inner cavity of the cylinder barrel 31 in the front-rear direction a gas supply device (not shown) for supplying a compressed gas.
- the cylinder tube 31 is further provided with a switch for switching the impact member 34.
- the control mechanism of the working state includes a magnet 36 fixedly disposed on the rear end cover 33 and magnetically attracted to the impact member 34, and a communication cylinder 31 is further disposed on the rear end cover 33.
- the inner cavity and the air flow passage 331 of the air supply device, the rear portion of the impact member 34 defines a recess in which a sealing member 35 for blocking the outlet portion of the air flow passage 331 is fixed, the sealing member 35 A rubber block can be used.
- the needleless ampoule assembly 37 is detachably mounted on the front end cover 32 so that it can be removed and replaced after a single injection.
- the needleless ampoule assembly 37 includes a syringe having a liquid chamber 372, a piston rod 371 movable in the front-rear direction, a piston rod 371 disposed coaxially with the impact member 34, and a piston rod 371 At least a portion of the rear portion is inserted into the inner cavity of the cylinder tube 1 through the opening at the front end of the cylinder barrel 31.
- the piston rod 371 is moved forward to push the liquid medicine for injection.
- the rear end of the piston rod 371 is inserted into the inner cavity of the cylinder barrel 31, and the piston rod 371
- the rear end and the front end of the impact member 34 should have a proper distance, that is, the impact member 34 has a certain distance between the front end and the rear end of the piston rod 371 in the stationary state, so that the impact member 34
- the impact member 34 has reached a higher speed when it comes into contact with the piston rod 371, so that the piston rod 371 Initially, it can be impacted at a faster speed to avoid the initial flow of the drug and the inability to enter the patient.
- the needle-free injector further includes a flow passage 331 for a gas supply device for introducing a compressed gas therein, the gas supply device comprising at least a pneumatic pump (not shown), and an intake pipe detachably connected between the pneumatic pump and the rear end cover 33 (in the figure) Not shown), the intake line through the joint 38 Removably attached to the rear end cover 33, the lumen of the intake line and the air flow path 331
- the communication forms a closed gas storage chamber for storing compressed gas, that is, the first chamber.
- the air pump charges the first chamber with compressed gas, and the air pressure in the first chamber, that is, the air pressure in the air passage 331 is applied to the impact member 34.
- the impact member 34 When the driving force exceeds the magnetic force of the magnet 36 against the impact member 34, the impact member 34 is disengaged from the magnet 36. The forward impact pushes the piston rod 371 Move forward to complete the injection of the drug solution.
- the air pressure in the first chamber is insufficient to overcome the suction force of the magnet 36 against the impact member 34, the magnet 36 and the impact member 34 are attracted to each other, and the impact member 34 In the state of energy storage.
- the needle-free injector further includes an electric control device (not shown) for controlling the operating state of the air supply device, the electric control device including at least an intake air control button for controlling the air supply device to inflate the air flow passage 331 An exhaust control button 310 for controlling the air supply device to draw air into the air flow passage 331 .
- the electrical control device also includes a delay control device (not shown) in which control is performed by setting a time delay switch when the intake air control button is pressed for the first time. At this time, the time delay switch is closed, and the air supply device is in a state of preparing for air supply. If the air intake control button 39 is pressed again within the set time range, the air supply device charges the air flow channel 331 with compressed gas to be flowed through.
- the impact member 34 When the air pressure of 331 exceeds the magnetic force of the magnet 36 against the impact member 34, the impact member 34 is disengaged from the magnet 36 and is urged forward to push the piston rod in the needleless ampoule assembly 37. Move forward, push the liquid to complete the injection, that is, the impact member 34 is in an impact state; after the injection is completed, press the suction control button 310, the air supply device draws the air flow passage 331, and the impact member 34 is on the magnet. The magnetic force of 36 returns to the back and re-engages with the magnet 36.
- the impact member 34 At the time of impact, the initial acceleration is large, and the idle stroke can be greatly shortened, so that the volume of the needle-free injector is greatly reduced.
- the impact member 34 can be made by selecting a magnet 36 having a different magnetic force. The accumulated potential energy is different in size, thereby causing the impact member 34 The impact can be made at different speeds during impact. In this way, the impact injection effect of the needle-free injector can be adjusted according to the application, so that it can meet the injection requirements of different occasions.
- the needle-free injector has a simple structure, excellent manufacturing process, and good performance.
- the embodiment is basically the same as the third embodiment, and the difference from the third embodiment is only in the embodiment, in the cylinder 41.
- a fixing block 413 is further disposed in the inner cavity, and the fixing block 413 divides the inner cavity of the cylinder tube 41 into the second chamber 411 and the first chamber 412 which are independent from each other in the front-rear direction, and the impact member 44 Located in the second chamber 411, the magnet 46 is fixed to the front portion of the fixing block 413, and the fixing block 413 is provided with an air flow passage 431 communicating with the second chamber 411 and the first chamber 412.
- the rear end cover 43 is provided with an air inlet 432.
- the air inlet 432 communicates with the air supply device and the first chamber 412.
- the air inlet pipe on the air supply device is connected to the rear end cover through the joint 48.
- This can effectively increase the amount of stored gas stored in the energy storage process, so that the impact member 44 can accumulate more potential energy, thereby causing the impact member 44.
- the impact can be effected at a faster initial acceleration during impact, which in turn allows the needle-free injector to be used for long-range injections, such as for injection into animals.
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Abstract
一种气动蓄能式无针注射器，包括具有内腔的缸筒（11）、固设于缸筒前端的前端盖（12）、安装在前端盖上的无针安瓿组件（15）、可沿前后方向移动地设于缸筒中的冲击件（13），冲击件与缸筒后部之间形成封闭的第一腔室（113），该无针注射器还包括用于向上述腔室内充入压缩气体的供气装置，无针安瓿组件至少包括可沿前后方向移动的活塞杆（151），冲击件在缸筒中具有蓄能状态和冲击状态，当冲击件处于蓄能状态时，冲击件静止，冲击件的前端与活塞杆的后端之间存在间距，供气装置向所述腔室中充入压缩气体；当冲击件处于冲击状态时，冲击件向前冲击并驱动活塞杆向前移动，缸筒上还设有用于切换冲击件工作状态的控制机构（14）。该无针注射器结构简单紧凑，且具有良好的使用性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种气动蓄能式无针注射器。
背景技术
无针注射技术是在进行药物注射时不借助针头，液体药物以超细、高速、直线喷出高压射流的方式直接进入机体组织，解决了传统注射由于针头刺入机体而带来的一系列问题，如：疼痛、出血、感染、组织损伤、患者心理压力等；同时，经无针注射的药物在组织内的分布更为弥散，有利于药物的吸收，长时间注射皮肤不易起硬结。因此，无针注射技术具有广阔的应用前景，尤其适用于儿童疫苗接种及糖尿病患者。
现有技术中，气压驱动的无针注射器，由于可以连续注射，操作人员劳动强度很低，所以说是一种比较理想的无针注射器。压缩气体的来源主要有两种，一种是来源于普通的空气压缩机，如中国专利号为201220045555.4，专利名称为'一种无针注射器'中的结构，另一种则来源于液态的二氧化碳或氮气，经过液态--气态升华转换而得到，如中国专利号为201220572421.8，专利名称为'人用低压无针注射器'中的结构。然而，现有的压缩气体驱动的无针注射器，其结构较为复杂，注射时驱动机构驱动活塞杆移动实现注射时的初始加速度较小，空行程较大，导致产品的体积尺寸较大，甚至会出现药液注射不进患者体内的现象，使用较为不便。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供 一种结构简单且使用较为方便的气动蓄能式无针注射器。
为达到上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案是：
一种气动蓄能式无针注射器，所述无针注射器包括具有内腔的缸筒、固设于所述缸筒前端的前端盖、安装在所述前端盖上的无针安瓿组件、可沿前后方向移动地设于所述缸筒中的冲击件，所述冲击件在所述缸筒中与所述缸筒后部之间形成封闭的第一腔室，所述无针注射器还包括用于向所述第一腔室内充入压缩气体的供气装置，所述无针安瓿组件至少包括可沿前后方向移动的活塞杆，所述冲击件在所述缸筒中具有蓄能状态和冲击状态，当所述冲击件处于蓄能状态时，所述冲击件静止，所述供气装置向所述腔室中充入压缩气体；当所述冲击件处于冲击状态时，所述冲击件向前冲击并驱动所述活塞杆向前移动，所述缸筒上还设有用于切换所述冲击件工作状态的控制机构。
优选地，当所述冲击件处于蓄能状态时，所述冲击件的前端与所述活塞杆的后端之间存在间距。
优选地，所述控制机构包括转动地设于所述缸筒上的棘爪，所述棘爪的一端可转动地抵挡在所述冲击件的前端上或与所述冲击件相脱离。
更优选地，所述棘爪与所述缸筒之间还设有用于驱动所述棘爪旋转使其抵挡在所述冲击件前端的弹性件。
更优选地，所述棘爪呈 L 型。
更优选地，所述缸筒的前端开设有与其内腔相连通的通孔，所述棘爪的端部可转动地插设在所述通孔中。
优选地，该气动蓄能式无针注射器还包括固设于所述缸筒后端的后端盖，所述控制机构包括固定地设于所述后端盖上的可与所述冲击件相互吸合的磁铁，当所述磁铁与所述冲击件相吸合时，所述冲击件处于蓄能状态；当所述磁铁与所述冲击件相脱离时，所述冲击件处于冲击状态。
更优选地，所述后端盖上还开设有用于连通所述供气装置和所述缸筒的内腔的气流通道。
更优选地，所述冲击件的后部固设有可堵塞所述气流通道的口部的密封件。
优选地，该气动蓄能式无针注射器还包括固设于所述缸筒后端的后端盖、固定地设于所述缸筒内腔中的固定块，所述固定块将所述缸筒的内腔沿前后方向分隔为相互独立的第二腔室和所述第一腔室，所述控制机构包括固定地设于所述固定块上且可与所述冲击件相互吸合的磁铁，所述固定块上开设有连通所述第一腔室与所述第二腔室的气流通道，当所述磁铁与所述冲击件相吸合时，所述冲击件处于蓄能状态；当所述磁铁与所述冲击件相脱离时，所述冲击件处于冲击状态。
更优选地，所述冲击件的后部固设有可堵塞所述气流通道的密封件。
更优选地，所述后端盖上开设有用于连通所述供气装置和所述缸筒的内腔的进气口。
进一步地，所述气动蓄能式无针注射器还包括用于控制所述供气装置的工作状态的电气控制装置。
更进一步地，所述电气控制装置至少包括用于控制所述供气装置向所述第一腔室中充气的进气控制按钮、用于控制所述供气装置向所述第一腔室中抽气的抽气控制按钮。
更优选地，所述供气装置至少包括气压泵、可拆卸地连接在所述气压泵与所述后端盖之间的进气管路。
优选地，所述供气装置包括气压泵或储存有压缩气体的储气罐、与所述腔室相连通的进气管路、设于所述进气管路与所述气压泵或所述储气罐之间的电磁换向阀。
优选地，当所述冲击件处于蓄能状态时，所述冲击件的后端部与所述缸筒的后端筒壁相贴合设置。
优选地，所述冲击件与所述活塞杆同轴心线设置。
由于上述技术方案的运用，本发明与现有技术相比具有下列优点：本发明的气动蓄能式无针注射器，其中通过使冲击件蓄积一定的向前移动的势能，再将其释放而实现冲击，进而带动无针安瓿组件的活塞杆移动而实现药液的注射，冲击件冲击时，初始加速度较大，可大大缩短空行程，使得无针注射器的体积大幅减小。此外，该无针注射器中采用无密封圈冲击气缸技术，使得该气动式的无针注射器的结构大大简化，不仅制造成本大幅降低，而且注射冲击力极其稳定，具有良好的使用性能。
附图说明
图 1 为本发明实施例一的无针注射器处于蓄能状态下的结构示意图；
图 2 为本发明实施例二的无针注射器处于蓄能状态下的结构示意图；
图 3 为本发明实施例三的无针注射器处于蓄能状态下的结构示意图；
图 4 为本发明实施例三的无针注射器处于冲击状态下的结构示意图；
图 5 为本发明实施例四的无针注射器处于蓄能状态下的结构示意图。
其中： 11 、缸筒； 111 、通孔； 112 、后端盖； 113 、第一腔室； 114 、气流通道；
12 、前端盖； 13 、冲击件； 131 、凹槽； 14 、控制机构； 141 、棘爪； 142 、弹簧； 143 、转轴； 15 、无针安瓿组件； 151
、活塞杆； 152 、药液腔； 16 、进气管路； 17 、电磁换向阀。
31 、缸筒； 32 、前端盖； 33 、后端盖； 331 、气流通道； 34 、冲击件； 35
、密封件； 36 、磁铁； 37 、无针安瓿组件； 371 、活塞杆； 372 、药液腔； 38 、接头； 39 、进气控制按钮； 310
、抽气控制按钮；
41 、缸筒； 411 、第二腔室； 412 、第一腔室； 413 、固定块； 42 、前端盖； 43
、后端盖； 431 、气流通道； 432 、进气口； 44 、冲击件； 45 、密封件； 46 、磁铁； 47 、无针安瓿组件； 471 、活塞杆； 472
、药液腔； 48 、接头； 49 、进气控制按钮； 410 、抽气控制按钮。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体的实施例来对本发明的技术方案作进一步的阐述。
以下关于方向的描述中，均是按照注射操作时操作者观察到的方向进行定义的，其中注射端为前，反之为后。
实施例一
参见图 1 所示的无针注射器，包括具有内腔的缸筒 11 、固设于缸筒 11 前端的前端盖 12
、固设于缸筒 11 后端的后端盖 112 、安装在前端盖 12 上的无针安瓿组件 15 、可沿前后方向移动地设于缸筒 11 内腔中的冲击件 13
、可提供压缩气体的供气装置，冲击件 13 在缸筒 11 中与缸筒 11 的后部之间形成封闭的第一腔室 113 ，通过供气装置向上述第一腔室 113
中充入压缩气体，可驱动冲击件 13 在缸筒 11 的内腔中向前移动。无针安瓿组件 15 可拆卸地安装在前端盖 12
上，这样可方便在一次注射完成后将其拆卸下来替换。该无针安瓿组件 15 包括具有药液腔 152 的针筒、可沿前后方向移动的活塞杆 151 ，活塞杆 151
的后部至少有部分通过缸筒 11 前端的开口而插在缸筒 11 的内腔中，当冲击件 13 向前冲击时便带动活塞杆 151 向前移动，从而推挤药液实现注射。
设置时，冲击件 13 与缸筒 11 之间仅需采用间隙配合，两者之间无密封圈，当供气装置持续地向腔室 13
中提供压缩气体时，也仅有少许部分的气体从冲击件 13 与缸筒 11 之间的间隙中逸出，而不会对冲击件 13 的持续蓄能造成影响。
为使得注射时冲击件 13 能够以较大的冲击力向前冲击而驱动活塞杆 151 向前移动来完成注射，冲击件 13
在缸筒 11 中具有蓄能状态和冲击状态，在蓄能状态下，冲击件 13 静止，供气装置不断地向缸筒 11 的腔室中充气，使得冲击件 13
不断地蓄积向前移动的势能；当冲击件 13 处于冲击状态时，冲击件 13 向前冲击并驱动活塞杆 151 向前移动。
无针安瓿组件 15 安装在前端盖 12 上时，其活塞杆 151 后部插在缸筒 11 的内腔中，且活塞杆
151 后端与冲击件 13 的前端应留有适当的距离，即冲击件 13 在蓄能状态下，其前端与活塞杆 151 的后端之间存在一定的间距，这样在冲击件 13
蓄能后转至冲击状态驱动活塞杆 151 冲击注射时，冲击件 13 冲击至与活塞杆 151 相接触时已经达到较高的速度，使得活塞杆 151
初始时便能以较快的速度冲击，避免注射初始时药液流出而不能进入患者体内。
缸筒 11 上还设有用于切换冲击件 13 工作状态的控制机构 14 。参见图 1
所示，本实施例中，控制机构 14 包括通过转轴 143 转动地设于缸筒 11 上的棘爪 141 ，该棘爪 141 采用 L 型的结构，缸筒 11
上开设有与其内腔相连通的通孔 111 ，棘爪 141 前部的棘爪端可转动地***通孔 111 中并抵触在冲击件 13 的前端，或者转动地脱离冲击件 13
的前端。棘爪 141 的后端与缸筒 11 之间设有弹簧 142 ，弹簧 142 应具有较好的刚度，这样在常态下，在弹簧 142 产生向外推动棘爪 141
的弹性力的作用下，棘爪 141 前部的棘爪端抵挡在冲击件 13 的前端上，使得冲击件 13 处于蓄能状态，当蓄能结束后需要注射时，则通过按压棘爪 141
后端，克服弹簧 142 的弹性力使得棘爪 141 转动而脱离冲击件 13 ，冲击件 13 则向前冲击并驱动活塞杆 151 向前移动而实现注射。
该无针注射器在使用时，初始状态下，棘爪 141 的棘爪端抵挡在冲击件 13 上，将装有药液的无针安瓿组件
15 安装至前端盖 12 上，活塞杆 151 的后部插在缸筒 11 的内腔中并位于冲击件 13 的前方，且活塞杆 151 的后端与冲击件 13
的前端保持一定的距离，参见图 1 所示。
参见图 1 所示，供气装置包括可提供压缩气体的气压泵或储存有压缩气体的储气罐（图中未示出）、与缸筒 11
的内腔相连通的 进气管路 16 、设于 进气管路 16 与气压泵之间的电磁换向阀 17 ，通过电磁换向阀 17 来切换气压泵或储气罐与进气管道 6
的通断状况。后端盖 112 上开设有与缸筒 11 内腔相连通的气流通道 114 ，用于储存压缩气体的第一腔室 113 本质上是由冲击件 13 与后端盖 112
、缸筒 11 内壁之间围设的空间，以及进气管路 16 的管腔、气流通道 114 这三部分构成。
当需要注射时，首先将电磁换向阀 17 切换连通状态，通过气压泵或储气罐中的压缩气体经 进气管路 16
不断地进入缸筒 11 的腔室中压缩气体，腔室内的压力不断地增大，使得冲击件 13 不断地蓄积向前移动的势能；当腔室 13 内压力增大到一定程度时，按压棘爪
141 的后端安装有弹簧 142 的位置处，棘爪 141 转动而脱离冲击件 13 ，冲击件 13 便以很快的加速度撞击无针安瓿组件 15 的活塞杆 151
，实现药液的注射，注射时的注射冲击力极其稳定，能够控制在 5% 以内。注射完成后，将电磁换向阀 17 切换至断开状态，将缸筒 11 旋转并倒置，冲击件 13
在重力的作用下向后移动而实现复位。
实施例二
参见图 2 所示的无针注射器，本实施例基本同实施例一，与实施例一的区别仅在于：冲击件 13 可贴合缸筒
11 后端的后端盖 112 上，且冲击件 13 堵在气流通道 114 的出口部，此时， 进气管路 16 和气流通道 114 形成用于储存压缩气体的第一腔室
113 ，这样就无需在冲击件 13 与缸筒 11 的后端盖 112
之间预留一定的空间来储存压缩气体，可进一步减小该无针注射器的体积。本实施例中，采用该种设置时，为使得冲击件 13 顺利复位，冲击件 13 的后端还开设有凹槽
31 ，以避免冲击件 13 不能完全贴合至后端盖 112 上。
实施例三
参见图 3 、图 4 所示的无针注射器，包括具有内腔的缸筒 31 、固设于缸筒 31 前端的前端盖 32
、固设于缸筒 31 后端的后端盖 33 、安装在前端盖 32 上的无针安瓿组件 37 、可沿前后方向移动地设于缸筒 31 内腔中的冲击件 34
、用于提供压缩气体的供气装置（图中未示出）。
参见图 3 、图 4 所示，所述缸筒 31 上还设有用于切换所述冲击件 34
的工作状态的控制机构，控制机构包括固定地设于后端盖 33 上的可与冲击件 34 通过磁力相互吸合的磁铁 36 ，后端盖 33 上还开设有连通缸筒 31
的内腔和供气装置的气流通道 331 ，冲击件 34 的后部开设有一凹槽，该凹槽中固设有可堵塞气流通道 331 的出口部的密封件 35 ，该密封件 35
可采用橡胶块。
无针安瓿组件 37 可拆卸地安装在前端盖 32 上，这样方便一次注射完后将其拆下来替换。该无针安瓿组件
37 包括具有药液腔 372 的针筒、可沿前后方向移动的活塞杆 371 ，活塞杆 371 与冲击件 34 同轴心线设置，活塞杆 371
的后部至少有部分通过缸筒 31 前端的开口而插在缸筒 1 的内腔中，当冲击件 34 向前冲击时便带动活塞杆 371 向前移动，从而推挤药液实现注射。
无针安瓿组件 37 安装在前端盖 32 上时，其活塞杆 371 后部插在缸筒 31 的内腔中，且活塞杆
371 后端与冲击件 34 的前端应留有适当的距离，即冲击件 34 在静止状态下，其前端与活塞杆 371 的后端之间存在一定的间距，这样在冲击件 34
从静止状态转至冲击状态驱动活塞杆 371 冲击注射时，冲击件 34 冲击至与活塞杆 371 相接触时已经达到较高的速度，使得活塞杆 371
初始时便能以较快的速度冲击，避免注射初始时药液流出而不能进入患者体内。
参见图 3 、图 4 所示，无针注射器还包括用以向气流通道 331
内通入压缩气体的供气装置，供气装置至少包括气压泵（图中未示出）、可拆卸地连接在所述气压泵与所述后端盖 33 之间的进气管路（图中未示出），进气管路通过接头
38 可拆卸地连接在后端盖 33 上，进气管路的管腔和气流通道 331
连通形成密闭的用于储存压缩气体的储气腔，即第一腔室。气压泵向所述第一腔室内充入压缩气体，当第一腔室内的气压，即气流通道 331 内的气压施加于冲击件 34
的驱动力超过磁铁 36 对冲击件 34 的磁力作用时，冲击件 34 脱离磁铁 36 向前冲击推动活塞杆 371
向前移动，完成药液的注射。当第一腔室内的气压不足以克服磁铁 36 对冲击件 34 的吸力时，磁铁 36 和冲击件 34 相互吸合，冲击件 34
处于蓄能状态。
无针注射器还包括用以控制供气装置工作状态的电气控制装置（图中未示出），该电气控制装置至少包括用于控制供气装置向气流通道 331 中充气的进气控制按钮 39
、用于控制所述供气装置向所述气流通道 331 中抽气的抽气控制按钮 310
。该电气控制装置还包括延时控制装置（图中未示出），其中通过设置延时开关来进行控制，当第一次按进气控制按钮 39
，此时延时开关闭合，供气装置处于准备供气状态，如果在所设的时间范围内再次按压进气控制按钮 39 ，供气装置则向气流通道 331 中充入压缩气体，待气流通道
331 的气压超过磁铁 36 对冲击件 34 的磁力作用时，冲击件 34 脱离磁铁 36 向前冲击，推动无针安瓿组件 37 中的活塞杆 371
向前移动，推挤药液完成注射，即冲击件 34 处于冲击状态；注射完毕后，按下抽气控制按钮 310 ，供气装置对气流通道 331 进行抽气，冲击件 34 在磁铁
36 的磁力作用下向后回复，重新与磁铁 36 相吸合。
冲击件 34
冲击时，初始加速度较大，可大大缩短空行程，使得无针注射器的体积大幅减小。在该无针注射器制作的过程中，通过选用具有不同磁力的磁铁 36 ，可使得冲击件 34
蓄积的势能的大小不同，进而使得冲击件 34
在冲击时能够以不同的速度进行冲击。这样，该无针注射器的冲击注射效果可根据其应用场合来予以调整，进而使其满足不同场合的注射需求。该无针注射器结构简单，制作工艺性优良，且具有良好的使用性能。
实施例四
参见图 5 所示，本实施例基本同实施例三，与实施例三的区别仅在于：在本实施例中，在缸筒 41
的内腔中还设置有固定块 413 ，固定块 413 将缸筒 41 的内腔沿前后方向分隔成相互独立的第二腔室 411 和第一腔室 412 ，冲击件 44
位于第二腔室 411 内，磁铁 46 固设在固定块 413 的前部，固定块 413 上开设有连通第二腔室 411 与第一腔室 412 的气流通道 431
，后端盖 43 上开设有进气口 432 ，进气口 432 连通供气装置和第一腔室 412 ，供气装置上的进气管道通过接头 48 连接在后端盖 43
上。这样可有效地提升在蓄能过程中储存压缩气体的储气量，使得冲击件 44 能够蓄积更多的势能，从而使得冲击件 44
在冲击时能够以更快的初始加速度进行冲击，进而使得该无针注射器可用于远距离注射，如用于对动物的注射中。
上述实施例只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点，其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人士能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施，并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。凡根据本发明精神实质所作的等效变化或修饰，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (18)
- 一种气动蓄能式无针注射器，其特征在于：所述无针注射器包括具有内腔的缸筒、固设于所述缸筒前端的前端盖、安装在所述前端盖上的无针安瓿组件、可沿前后方向移动地设于所述缸筒中的冲击件，所述冲击件在所述缸筒中与所述缸筒后部之间形成封闭的第一腔室，所述无针注射器还包括用于向所述第一腔室内充入压缩气体的供气装置，所述无针安瓿组件至少包括可沿前后方向移动的活塞杆，所述冲击件在所述缸筒中具有蓄能状态和冲击状态，当所述冲击件处于蓄能状态时，所述冲击件静止，所述供气装置向所述腔室中充入压缩气体；当所述冲击件处于冲击状态时，所述冲击件向前冲击并驱动所述活塞杆向前移动，所述缸筒上还设有用于切换所述冲击件工作状态的控制机构。
- 根据权利要求 1 所述的气动蓄能式无针注射器，其特征在于：当所述冲击件处于蓄能状态时，所述冲击件的前端与所述活塞杆的后端之间存在间距。
- 根据权利要求 1 所述的气动蓄能式无针注射器，其特征在于：所述控制机构包括转动地设于所述缸筒上的棘爪，所述棘爪的一端可转动地抵挡在所述冲击件的前端上或与所述冲击件相脱离。
- 根据权利要求 3 所述的气动蓄能式无针注射器，其特征在于：所述棘爪与所述缸筒之间还设有用于驱动所述棘爪旋转使其抵挡在所述冲击件前端的弹性件。
- 根据权利要求 3 所述的气动蓄能式无针注射器，其特征在于：所述棘爪呈 L 型。
- 根据权利要求 3 所述的气动蓄能式无针注射器，其特征在于：所述缸筒的前端开设有与其内腔相连通的通孔，所述棘爪的端部可转动地插设在所述通孔中。
- 根据权利要求 1 所述的气动蓄能式无针注射器， 其特征在于：该气动蓄能式无针注射器还包括固设于所述缸筒后端的后端盖，所述控制机构包括固定地设于所述后端盖上的可与所述冲击件相互吸合的磁铁，当所述磁铁与所述冲击件相吸合时，所述冲击件处于蓄能状态；当所述磁铁与所述冲击件相脱离时，所述冲击件处于冲击状态。
- 根据权利要求 7 所述的气动蓄能式无针注射器，其特征在于：所述后端盖上还开设有用于连通所述供气装置和所述缸筒的内腔的气流通道。
- 根据权利要求 7 所述的气动蓄能式无针注射器，其特征在于：所述冲击件的后部固设有可堵塞所述气流通道的口部的密封件。
- 根据权利要求 1 所述的气动蓄能式无针注射器，其特征在于：该气动蓄能式无针注射器还包括固设于所述缸筒后端的后端盖、固定地设于所述缸筒内腔中的固定块，所述固定块将所述缸筒的内腔沿前后方向分隔为相互独立的第二腔室和所述第一腔室，所述控制机构包括固定地设于所述固定块上且可与所述冲击件相互吸合的磁铁，所述固定块上开设有连通所述第一腔室与所述第二腔室的气流通道，当所述磁铁与所述冲击件相吸合时，所述冲击件处于蓄能状态；当所述磁铁与所述冲击件相脱离时，所述冲击件处于冲击状态。
- 根据权利要求 10 所述的气动蓄能式无针注射器，其特征在于：所述冲击件的后部固设有可堵塞所述气流通道的密封件。
- 根据权利要求 10 所述的气动蓄能式无针注射器，其特征在于：：所述后端盖上开设有用于连通所述供气装置和所述缸筒的内腔的进气口。
- 根据权利要求 7-12 任一项所述的气动蓄能式无针注射器，其特征在于：所述气动蓄能式无针注射器还包括用于控制所述供气装置的工作状态的电气控制装置。
- 根据权利要求 13 所述的气动蓄能式无针注射器，其特征在于：所述电气控制装置至少包括用于控制所述供气装置向所述第一腔室中充气的进气控制按钮、用于控制所述供气装置向所述第一腔室中抽气的抽气控制按钮。
- 根据权利要求 14 所述的气动蓄能式无针注射器，其特征在于：所述供气装置至少包括气压泵、可拆卸地连接在所述气压泵与所述后端盖之间的进气管路。
- 根据权利要求 1 所述的气动蓄能式无针注射器，其特征在于：所述供气装置包括气压泵或储存有压缩气体的储气罐、与所述腔室相连通的进气管路、设于所述进气管路与所述气压泵或所述储气罐之间的电磁换向阀。
- 根据权利要求 1 所述的气动蓄能式无针注射器，其特征在于：当所述冲击件处于蓄能状态时，所述冲击件的后端部与所述缸筒的后端筒壁相贴合设置。
- 根据权利要求 1 所述的气动磁力蓄能式无针注射器，其特征在于：所述冲击件与所述活塞杆同轴心线设置。
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| CN201410202795.4A CN103977481A (zh) | 2014-05-14 | 2014-05-14 | 一种气动蓄能式无针注射器 |
| CN201410203741.X | 2014-05-14 | ||
| CN201410202795.4 | 2014-05-14 | ||
| CN201410203741.XA CN103977484A (zh) | 2014-05-14 | 2014-05-14 | 一种气动磁力蓄能式无针注射器 |
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