WO2015160625A1 - Sidewall cooling fins - Google Patents
Sidewall cooling fins Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015160625A1 WO2015160625A1 PCT/US2015/025136 US2015025136W WO2015160625A1 WO 2015160625 A1 WO2015160625 A1 WO 2015160625A1 US 2015025136 W US2015025136 W US 2015025136W WO 2015160625 A1 WO2015160625 A1 WO 2015160625A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- tire
- cooling fin
- boundary layer
- layer thickness
- sidewall portion
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C13/00—Tyre sidewalls; Protecting, decorating, marking, or the like, thereof
- B60C13/02—Arrangement of grooves or ribs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
- B29D30/0061—Accessories, details or auxiliary operations not otherwise provided for
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
- B29D30/06—Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
- B29D30/72—Side-walls
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C23/00—Devices for measuring, signalling, controlling, or distributing tyre pressure or temperature, specially adapted for mounting on vehicles; Arrangement of tyre inflating devices on vehicles, e.g. of pumps or of tanks; Tyre cooling arrangements
- B60C23/18—Tyre cooling arrangements, e.g. heat shields
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
- B29D30/06—Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
- B29D30/72—Side-walls
- B29D2030/728—Decorating or marking the sidewalls after tyre vulcanization
Definitions
- This disclosure relates to the field of tires, and more specifically to cooling structures for tires.
- Cooling structures known in the art are bulky, reduce tire performance, are overly expensive, and are not optimized to cool the tire most efficiently.
- a tire in one embodiment, includes a sidewall having a first sidewall portion and a second sidewall portion, a first ring, and a second ring located on a second sidewall portion.
- the first and second rings each comprise at least one cooling fin and at least one recess next to the cooling fin.
- a first cooling has a first cooling fin height, equal to or greater than a first predetermined airflow boundary layer thickness at the location of the first cooling fin.
- a second cooling fin located in a second location has a second cooling fin height, equal to or greater than a second predetermined airflow boundary layer thickness at the second location.
- the first cooling fin height is different than the second cooling fin height.
- a tire has a band of cooling fins located on a sidewall portion of the tire.
- the band of cooling fins comprises at least one protruding cooling fin and at least one recess located adjacent to the cooling fin, where the recess is recessed axially inwards relative to the cooling fin.
- the cooling fin has a height equal to or greater than an airflow boundary layer thickness at a predetermined location and angular velocity of the tire.
- the method further involves providing at least one cooling fin at the selected location of the tire, wherein the cooling fin has a height, and wherein the height is equal to or greater than the airflow boundary layer thickness ⁇ .
- Figure 1 is an side view of a first embodiment of a tire 100 having cooling fins
- Figure 2 is section view of the tire 100
- Figure 3 is a perspective section view of the tire 100
- Figure 4A is a cross section of the tire 100
- Figure 4B is a close-up portion of the cross section of the tire 100 shown in Figure 4A;
- Figure 4C is another close-up portion of the cross section of the tire 100 shown in Figure 4A;
- Figure 5 is a side view of an alternative embodiment of a tire having cooling fins
- Figure 6 is a schematic drawing showing fin height with respect to an airflow boundary layer thickness
- Figure 7A is a graph detailing airflow boundary layer thickness with respect to traveling speed
- Figure 7B is a graph depicting airflow boundary layer thickness with respect to rim to tread radii at 75 mph.
- Figure 7C is a graph depicting airflow boundary layer thickness with respect to speed.
- Axial and “axially” refer to a direction that is parallel to the axis of rotation of a tire.
- “Circumferential” and “circumferentially” refer to a direction extending along the perimeter of the surface of the tread perpendicular to the axial direction.
- Equatorial plane refers to the plane that is perpendicular to the tire's axis of rotation and passes through the center of the tire's tread.
- Ring and radially refer to a direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation of a tire.
- Sidewall refers to that portion of the tire between the tread and the bead.
- Tread refers to that portion of the tire that comes into contact with the road or ground under normal inflation and load.
- Figure 1 illustrates a side view of one embodiment of a tire 100.
- the tire 100 includes a sidewall 105 and a circumferential tread 110.
- the tire 100 is a pneumatic tire configured for use on a light truck or passenger vehicle.
- the tire may be configured for use on an agricultural vehicle or off-road vehicle.
- the tire may be configured for any use.
- the tire may be a run- flat tire or a non-pneumatic tire.
- the tire 100 includes a lower band 115 and an upper band 120.
- the lower band 115 extends circumferentially around sidewall 105, near a bead portion 125 of the tire 100.
- the upper band 120 extends circumferentially around sidewall 105, near a shoulder 130 of tire 100.
- additional or fewer bands may be included on the tire 100, at any location on the tire 100.
- the location and number of bands may be selected based on the requirements of a particular application, such as cost, performance, temperature reduction, or for aesthetic reasons. It is anticipated that different applications will call for a different number of bands at various locations on the tire. The location and number of bands may thus be varied as desired.
- FIG. 2 illustrates a close up view of a section of tire 100.
- the lower and upper bands 115, 120 each include a plurality of lower and upper cooling fins 135 and 140, respectively.
- the cooling fins 135, 140 protrude outwardly from tire sidewall region 105.
- the cooling fins 140 of the upper band 120 are longer than the cooling fins 135 of lower band 115.
- the cooling fins of the upper band may be shorter or the same length as the cooling fins of the lower band.
- the cooling fins 135, 140 have uniform widths from lower ends 145, 150 towards upper ends 155, 160, and then have expanding widths at the upper ends 155, 160. Further, in the present embodiment the pitches of the cooling fins are uniformly angled with respect to a radial direction of tire 100. In the illustrated embodiment, the cooling fins 135, 140 are each disposed at an angle of approximately 27° with respect to the radius of the tire. In alternative embodiments (not shown), the cooling fins are each disposed at an angle between -45 and 45°. In another alternative embodiment (not shown), the lower cooling fins are disposed at a first angle, and the upper fins are disposed at a second angle different from the first angle. In yet another alternative embodiment (not shown), the lower cooling fins are disposed at multiple angles and the upper cooling fins are disposed at multiple angles.
- cooling fins may be flush or recessed with a tire sidewall region, may be located on a different portion of the tire, may have different non-uniform pitches with respect to a radial direction of the tire, may have different shapes, and may vary in number.
- recesses 165 are disposed between each of the cooling fins 135 in the lower band 115.
- recesses 170 are disposed between each of the cooling fins 140 in the upper band 120.
- the recesses 165, 170 are recessed into sidewall 105 relative to the flat portion of the sidewall 105 disposed between the lower band 115 and the upper band 120.
- the recesses are in the same plane as the flat portion of the sidewall disposed between the lower band and the upper band.
- the recesses protrude outward from the sidewall, but are still recessed relative to the cooling fins.
- a height of cooling fins 135, 140 is measured from an outer surface of each cooling fin, to a base portion of each cooling fin located in recesses 165, 170.
- the height of cooling fins 135 in the lower band 115 is equal to, the height of the cooling fins 140 in the upper band 120.
- the height of the cooling fins in the lower band may be greater than or less than the height of the cooling fins in the upper band.
- a lower circumferential groove 175 and a lower circumferential rib 180 are disposed below the lower band 115. Additionally, an upper circumferential groove 185 and an upper circumferential rib 190 are disposed above the upper band 120.
- Figure 3 illustrates an alternate view of the first embodiment, focusing on the lower band 115.
- the height of the cooling fins 135 with respect to the recesses 165 can be seen.
- Figures 4A-C show different cross sectional views of the first embodiment of tire 100.
- the upper band 120 is located near a shoulder region 130 of the tire 100, below a belt 195 of the tire.
- the lower band 115 is located near a bead portion 126 of the tire 100. More specifically, the lower band 115 is located near a turn up portion 197 of body plies 199.
- Figure 4B and Figure 4C depict close-up views of the upper band 120 and lower band 115, respectively, from the same perspective as in Figure 4A.
- recesses 165 and 170 extend into the sidewall region 101 of tire 100 in this embodiment.
- the upper and lower bands 120, 115 are positioned near the edges of the belts 195 and turn up portions 197 of the body ply 199 of tire 100. This positioning allows for the regions containing the belt edges and body ply turn up portions to receive the cooling benefit of the fins.
- Figure 5 is a side view of an alternative embodiment of a tire 200 having an upper band 210 of cooling fins and a lower band 220 of cooling fins.
- the tire 200 is substantially the same as the tire 100 illustrated in Figures 1-4, except the lower circumferential groove, lower rib, upper circumferential groove, and upper rib are omitted.
- FIGS 6A and 6B illustrate exemplary cooling fins Fi, F 2 in relation to an airflow adjacent to tire 100 when in motion.
- the first exemplary cooling fin Fi has a height hi that is less than the airflow boundary layer thickness ⁇ .
- the second exemplary cooling fin F 2 has a height h 2 that is approximately equal to the airflow boundary layer thickness ⁇ .
- Airflow boundary layer thickness ⁇ is related to the angular velocity of the tire, and can be determined by using the following equation:
- ⁇ is the airflow boundary layer thickness
- r is the radius to the location of interest of the airflow boundary layer thickness
- Re is the Reynolds number
- v is the kinematic viscosity of air
- ⁇ is the angular velocity
- cooling fin height h is selected to be approximately equal to the airflow boundary layer thickness ⁇ (such as shown in Figure 6A)
- the cooling fins break up the laminar flow boundary layer and introduce turbulent airflow to the surface of the tire. This increases the amount of convective heat transfer between the tire and the surrounding air, helping to lower the temperature of the tire at these points.
- Other advantages of turbulent airflow on the surface of a tire will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art.
- FIG. 7A is a chart that depicts the relationship between airflow boundary layer thickness ⁇ and traveling speed, in kilometers per hour. Testing was done on tires of different sizes, including an off road radial tires (“ORR"), a truck and bus radial tires (“TBR”), and passenger radial tires (“PSR"). As can be seen from Figure 7A, in all cases, the airflow boundary layer thickness ⁇ decreased significantly as traveling speed increased from 0 to 50 kilometers hour. The airflow boundary layer thickness ⁇ continued to decrease, but less significantly, as traveling speed increased from 50 to 150 kilometers per hour.
- ORR off road radial tires
- TBR truck and bus radial tires
- PSR passenger radial tires
- Figure 7B is a chart that depicts the effect of change of radius on the airflow boundary layer thickness ⁇ at a constant speed. As can be seen from this chart, at a speed of 75 miles per hour, the airflow boundary layer thickness increases along the sidewall moving outward from the bead to the tread. In other words, a point on the sidewall near the bead will have a lower airflow boundary layer thickness than a point on the sidewall near the tread.
- Figure 7C is a chart that depicts the relationship between airflow boundary layer thickness ⁇ and speed in miles per hour.
- ⁇ 0 represents the airflow boundary layer thickness in an outer band region of the sidewall
- ⁇ represents the airflow boundary layer thickness in an inner band region of the sidewall.
- the heights of the cooling fins in the inner band and outer band can be selected to approximate the boundary layer thickness of a given tire for a given speed.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Tires In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BR112016021920A BR112016021920A2 (en) | 2014-04-13 | 2015-04-09 | COOLING FLIPS FOR SIDE |
JP2016558554A JP2017509534A (en) | 2014-04-13 | 2015-04-09 | Side wall cooling fin, tire, and method for providing cooling fin to tire |
CN201580019281.8A CN106170404A (en) | 2014-04-13 | 2015-04-09 | Sidewall fin |
EP15780483.2A EP3131766A4 (en) | 2014-04-13 | 2015-04-09 | Sidewall cooling fins |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US201461978950P | 2014-04-13 | 2014-04-13 | |
US61/978,950 | 2014-04-13 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2015160625A1 true WO2015160625A1 (en) | 2015-10-22 |
Family
ID=54264380
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2015/025136 WO2015160625A1 (en) | 2014-04-13 | 2015-04-09 | Sidewall cooling fins |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10207548B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3131766A4 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2017509534A (en) |
CN (1) | CN106170404A (en) |
BR (1) | BR112016021920A2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2015160625A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP5868303B2 (en) * | 2012-10-16 | 2016-02-24 | 横浜ゴム株式会社 | Pneumatic tire |
JP6759903B2 (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2020-09-23 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | Heavy load tires |
USD832770S1 (en) | 2016-10-28 | 2018-11-06 | Bridgestone Corporation | Non-pneumatic tire |
JP1576394S (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-05-15 | ||
JP1579281S (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-06-19 | ||
CN106739835B (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2019-07-09 | 厦门正新橡胶工业有限公司 | A kind of pneumatic tire of high heat dissipation |
US11225112B2 (en) | 2017-07-24 | 2022-01-18 | Bridgestone Americas Tire Operations, Llc | Sidewall treatment for cooling and aerodynamics |
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KR20100120000A (en) * | 2009-05-04 | 2010-11-12 | 금호타이어 주식회사 | Runflat tire with cooling pin |
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US20130076108A1 (en) * | 2011-09-28 | 2013-03-28 | The Yokohama Rubber Co., Ltd. | Tire/Wheel Assembly |
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2015
- 2015-04-09 JP JP2016558554A patent/JP2017509534A/en active Pending
- 2015-04-09 BR BR112016021920A patent/BR112016021920A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2015-04-09 EP EP15780483.2A patent/EP3131766A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2015-04-09 CN CN201580019281.8A patent/CN106170404A/en active Pending
- 2015-04-09 WO PCT/US2015/025136 patent/WO2015160625A1/en active Application Filing
- 2015-04-09 US US14/682,753 patent/US10207548B2/en active Active
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3131766A1 (en) | 2017-02-22 |
US20150290983A1 (en) | 2015-10-15 |
JP2017509534A (en) | 2017-04-06 |
US10207548B2 (en) | 2019-02-19 |
CN106170404A (en) | 2016-11-30 |
EP3131766A4 (en) | 2017-12-20 |
BR112016021920A2 (en) | 2017-08-15 |
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