WO2015155902A1 - Poultry house ventilation structure and poultry house ventilation method - Google Patents
Poultry house ventilation structure and poultry house ventilation method Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015155902A1 WO2015155902A1 PCT/JP2014/065469 JP2014065469W WO2015155902A1 WO 2015155902 A1 WO2015155902 A1 WO 2015155902A1 JP 2014065469 W JP2014065469 W JP 2014065469W WO 2015155902 A1 WO2015155902 A1 WO 2015155902A1
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- ventilation
- vent
- poultry house
- air
- wall
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- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000036760 body temperature Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 5
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000271566 Aves Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009374 poultry farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/0047—Air-conditioning, e.g. ventilation, of animal housings
- A01K1/0064—Construction of air inlets or outlets in walls
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a ventilation structure for a poultry house and a method for ventilating a poultry house using the ventilation structure.
- Patent Document 1 a poultry house equipped with a windless ventilation structure
- Patent Document 2 a poultry house equipped with a windless ventilation structure
- These are poultry houses with long rows of cages, with an inlet on one side of the wife's surface (the side perpendicular to the ridge) and an exhaust outlet on the other side of the wife's surface, each with a large area
- an auxiliary air inlet extending from the approximate center in the longitudinal direction of the side wall toward the wife surface with the air outlet is provided between the roof.
- the inside of the poultry house is made negative pressure by forcibly exhausting with an exhaust fan attached to the exhaust port, and ventilation is performed by taking in air from the intake port or the auxiliary intake port.
- the air taken into the poultry house flows through the poultry house while being heated at the body temperature of the birds, and is discharged from the exhaust port.
- the air intake is switched between the inlet and the auxiliary inlet, or the amount of air taken in is adjusted to adjust the air flow upstream and downstream of the house. And the temperature difference can be reduced.
- a hanging wall 140 that covers the upper part of the side wall 110 from the outside is suspended from the roof 81 by providing a gap between the side wall 110.
- Such a structure using the hanging wall 140 avoids the possibility that sunlight or a strong wind blows into the poultry house through the auxiliary inlet 120 by the hanging wall 140.
- outside air is taken into the poultry house through the air passage 125 and the auxiliary air inlet 120 as shown by arrows in FIG.
- a net 129 is stretched between the vertical wall 140 and the side wall 110 in order to prevent birds and insects from entering the poultry house through the air passage 125.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a ventilation structure for a poultry house that can smoothly ventilate during a power failure, and a method for ventilating a poultry house using the ventilation structure.
- the ventilating structure for a poultry house includes: a vent formed in the upper part of the wall of the poultry house, and the vent when the vent is opened and closed and power supply is stopped.
- Vents formed in the upper part of the wall include vents formed by providing a gap between the upper end of the wall and the roof, and the upper end and ceiling of the wall when the poultry house has a ceiling. An air vent formed by providing a gap between them can be exemplified.
- Examples of the “ventilation adjusting device” include a configuration having a one-way opening / closing plate member that opens and closes the vent by rotation, or a configuration having an opening / closing plate member that opens and closes the vent by sliding. Further, as a mechanism that the ventilation adjustment device “opens the vent when power supply is stopped”, a mechanism that switches the power supply from the battery to drive the opening / closing plate material when the power supply stops, A mechanism that closes the vent with an open / close plate by electromagnetic force against the urging in the direction of opening the vent can be exemplified.
- a space between a plurality of thin plate members arranged side by side is a ventilation space through which air passes.
- the thin plate material blocks light traveling straight by at least one of bending, bending, and tilting, and the light does not pass through the ventilation space.
- the aspect which only curves or bends, the aspect which only inclines, the aspect which inclines while curving or bending can be illustrated.
- “natural passage” of air means that air passes through the ventilation space without forcibly moving the air such as intake air or pressure feeding.
- the vent opening that is opened when power supply is stopped is formed in the upper part of the wall.
- the vent is covered with a light-shielding vent member that allows air to pass through naturally but does not allow light to pass through, so that sunlight can be prevented from entering the poultry house through the released vent.
- the ventilating structure for a poultry house includes an “exhaust port formed in a wall body of a poultry house different from the wall body in which the vent hole is formed, and an exhaust fan attached to the exhaust port.
- the vent is provided over the entire length of the wall body and is divided into a plurality of units, and the ventilating device is provided for each unit, and the unit It is possible to adjust the opening degree of the vent for each time.
- the exhaust fan is operated to discharge air from the exhaust port, thereby taking outside air from the vent. Since the opening degree of the ventilation hole can be adjusted by the ventilation adjustment device, the inflow amount of air from the ventilation hole can be adjusted based on the temperature in the poultry house or the outside air temperature. Furthermore, although the vent is provided over the entire length of the wall, the air flowing in from the vent is warmed by the bird's body temperature in the process of going to the vent, so there is a temperature difference in the poultry house due to the difference in the distance to the vent. Is likely to occur. Therefore, in this configuration, the vent is divided into a plurality of units, and a ventilation adjusting device is provided for each unit.
- the opening degree of the air vent with the air flow adjustment device so that the air intake of the unit closer to the air outlet has a larger amount of outside air intake than the air vent of the unit far from the air outlet.
- the temperature difference between upstream and downstream in the air circulation in the poultry house can be reduced.
- the vent is provided over the entire length of the wall, when the vent is opened when power supply is stopped, an opening communicating with the outside is formed over the entire length of the wall. Thereby, a possibility that air may partially accumulate in a poultry house can be reduced, and natural ventilation can be performed smoothly.
- the wall body in which a vent hole is formed is a wall body parallel to a plurality of cage rows arranged in the poultry house, it is preferable.
- the length of the cage is generally very long, such as several tens of meters.
- the vent is parallel to the cage, stop the forced ventilation of the bird housed in the long cage regardless of the location in the cage. It is because it can protect from the rise in body temperature which accompanies.
- the ventilating method of the poultry house according to the present invention is “a poultry house ventilating method using the above-described poultry house ventilation structure, and when power is supplied, the vent is opened and closed, Switching between taking in air from the vent and stopping it, adjusting the opening of the vent when taking in air from the vent, and opening the vent when power supply stops, Ventilation is done through the vents.
- FIG. 2A Sectional view when power is supplied in the ventilation structure of a conventional poultry house, and (b) shows the ventilation that is conceived when the supply of power is stopped in the ventilation structure of the poultry house of FIG. It is sectional drawing.
- ventilation structure 1 a chicken house ventilation structure 1 (hereinafter simply referred to as “ventilation structure 1”) and a chicken house ventilation method using the ventilation structure 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. explain.
- the ventilation structure 1 of the present embodiment includes a vent 20 formed in the upper part of the side wall 10 that is a wall of a poultry house, and a vent that opens and closes the vent 20 and opens the vent 20 when power supply is stopped.
- An adjustment device 30 and a light shielding ventilation member 40 covering the ventilation hole 20 are provided.
- the light shielding ventilation member 40 has a plurality of thin plate members 41 arranged in parallel at intervals, bent, bent, and inclined. At least one of them forms a ventilation space 42 through which light does not pass but air naturally passes.
- the poultry house has an elongated shape with a length in the direction parallel to the wing of several tens to 100 meters and a length in the direction perpendicular to the wing of several tens to 30 meters.
- a plurality of cage rows extending in parallel directions are arranged side by side.
- the air vent 20 is formed by providing a gap between the upper end of the side wall 10 and the roof 81. More specifically, the space in the attic is partitioned by a partition plate 82 suspended from the roof 81 along the side wall 10 inside the side wall 10, and the lower end side of the partition plate 82 and the upper end side of the side wall 10. In between, the vent 20 is open.
- vent 20 is provided over the entire length of the side wall 10 and is divided into a plurality of units. Furthermore, the air flow adjusting device 30 is provided for each unit of the air vent 20 and can adjust the opening degree of the air vent 20 for each unit.
- the air flow adjusting device 30 has a flat plate-like rotary plate 31 that is rotatably supported on one side and a rotary plate drive mechanism that rotates the rotary plate 31 in the vicinity of the upper end of the side wall 10.
- the rotation plate 31 is configured to rotate about an axis parallel to the side wall 10, and a plurality of the rotation plates 31 are connected to each other so as to have a length corresponding to the length of the vent hole 20 of one unit as a whole.
- the rotating plate drive mechanism has a main wire 32 having one end wound around a winch (not shown) driven by a motor. The other end of the main wire 32 is stretched along the side wall 10 by being fixed to a bracket (not shown) protruding from the side wall 10 via a spring.
- One end of the sub wire 33 is attached in the vicinity of the free end of each of the plurality of rotating plates 31 belonging to the same unit, and the other end of the sub wire 33 is connected to the main wire 32.
- the auxiliary wire 33 changes its direction by being hung around a first pulley 34 and a second pulley 35 attached to a support plate 39 projecting from the side wall 10 for each rotation plate 31, and downward due to its own weight.
- the rotating plate 31 to be rotated is pulled from the upper side.
- the poultry house includes a plurality of outer pillars 85 that are suspended at regular intervals so as to be in contact with the outer surface of the side wall 10. This is because if there are pillars and piers in the internal space of the poultry house, dust and the like are likely to accumulate there, so that the internal structure of the poultry house is kept hygienic without forming irregularities as much as possible. .
- the light shielding ventilation member 40 is fixed to the outer pillar 85 so as to be sandwiched from above and below by two crosspieces 86 spanned between the outer pillars 85. Accordingly, a gap corresponding to the thickness of the outer column 85 exists between the light shielding ventilation member 40 and the side wall 10.
- a partition wall 87 extending along the side wall 10 is provided between the upper end of the side wall 10 and the crosspiece 86 that supports the light shielding ventilation member 40 from below, and the crosspiece that supports the light shielding ventilation member 40 from above is provided.
- a partition wall 88 blocks between the material 86 and the lower surface of the roof 81.
- the light shielding ventilation member 40 of the present embodiment as shown in FIG. 4, a large number of thin plate materials 41 whose cross sections are curved in a W shape form a ventilation space 42 between adjacent thin plate materials 41. It is the structure supported by the frame 49 so that it may be arranged in parallel at intervals. The degree of curvature of the thin plate material 41 is set so that light traveling straight does not pass through the ventilation space 42 even if the incident angle of sunlight changes.
- the light shielding ventilation member 40 is formed in a length that can cover the ventilation hole 20 provided over the entire length of the side wall 10 as a whole by connecting a plurality of light shielding ventilation members 40.
- the ventilation structure 1 of the present embodiment includes an air inlet formed in one of a pair of wife surfaces orthogonal to the ridge, and an exhaust port formed in the other wife surface (both are Not shown).
- Each of the air inlet and the air outlet has a large area that is 1/2 or more of the area of the wife surface.
- the air inlet is covered with a cooling pad made of paper or nonwoven fabric with high water absorption.
- a plurality of large exhaust fans are attached to the exhaust port.
- the ventilation structure 1 of the present embodiment includes an emergency door 51 (see FIG. 3) that opens and closes a lower opening 50 provided through the lower portion of the side wall 10.
- an urging member for urging the emergency door 51 in the opening direction is attached to the inner surface of the emergency door 51.
- Tubular members whose axial directions are located on the same line when the emergency door 51 is closed are respectively attached to the upper part of the inner surface of the emergency door 51 and the upper part of the frame of the lower opening 50.
- An electromagnet is provided in the vicinity of the upper portion of the frame body in the side wall 10, and one end of the wire is hooked on the upper end of the attracted member that is attracted to the electromagnet and extends in the vertical direction and tilts when not attracted.
- the other end of the wire is wound around a pulley attached to the side wall 10 in the vicinity of the upper portion of the frame on the side opposite to the electromagnet, and a weight is suspended from the end. Therefore, in a state where power is supplied and the attracted member is attracted to the electromagnet, the wire is stretched along the side wall 10 in the upper part of the frame.
- a hook member is connected to the wire via a string-like member.
- the exhaust fan is operated to exhaust air from the exhaust port, and forced ventilation is performed by taking in air from the inlet or vent 20.
- air is taken in from the inlet.
- air can distribute
- the temperature of the air taken in through the cooling pad which has been lowered by the removal of heat of vaporization of water, is lowered by flowing, dripping and spraying water to the cooling pad covering the inlet port,
- the inside of the poultry house can be cooled more effectively.
- it since it is coat
- the opening degree of the vent hole 20 can be adjusted for each unit by the vent adjustment device 30 provided for each unit. .
- the main wire 32 is wound up by the winch by driving the motor, the rotating plate 31 is pulled and rotated upward by the sub wire 33 connected thereto, and the opening degree of the vent 20 is small.
- the main wire 32 is drawn out by the winch, the sub wire 33 is loosened, so that the rotating plate 31 is rotated downward by its own weight, and the opening degree of the vent hole 20 is increased.
- the ventilation adjustment device 30 adjusts so that the opening degree of the vent hole 20 of the unit close to the exhaust port is larger than the opening degree of the vent hole 20 of the unit close to the inlet port.
- Such adjustment of the opening degree of the vent hole 20 can be controlled by a computer or a programmable controller based on detection of a temperature sensor provided in the vicinity of the vent hole 20 for each unit of the vent hole 20, for example.
- the inlet and the vent 20 can be used together for taking in the outside air. Further, in the mode of taking air through the vent 20, it is not necessary that all the vents 20 of the plurality of units are open, and the vents 20 of one or more units are closed by the rotating plate 31. Also good.
- the rotation plate 31 When the supply of power is stopped, as shown in FIG. 2, the rotation plate 31 is rotated in the opening direction in the vent holes 20 of all the units.
- the rotation adjustment plate 30 rotates the rotation plate 31 by switching from driving the motor using electric power supplied from a commercial power supply to driving the motor using electric power supplied from a battery.
- vent hole 20 formed in the upper part of the side wall 10 is opened, so that the air in the poultry house that is naturally warmed by the bird's body temperature is discharged smoothly from the vent hole 20 to the outside.
- the vent hole 20 is covered with a light-shielding vent member 40 that allows air to pass through naturally but does not allow light to pass therethrough, thereby preventing sunlight from entering the poultry house through the vent hole 20 that has been released. .
- the emergency door 51 is opened and the lower opening 50 is opened as shown in FIG.
- the attracted member that has been attracted to the electromagnet at the time of energization is tilted away from the electromagnet, and the wire with one end hooked to the upper end is released to act on the weight. It is pulled by gravity and falls.
- the emergency door 51 is opened by the urging by the urging member, and the lower opening 50 is opened.
- the air heated in the poultry house and heated to high temperature is exhausted to the outside from the vent hole 20 released at the upper part of the side wall 10, and fresh from the outside through the lower opening 50 released at the lower part of the side wall 10.
- the air inlet In the winter mode, when the outside air is not taken in from the wife's air inlet, the air inlet is blocked by a heat insulation panel, etc. The inlet is open through. Thereby, in addition to the lower opening 50, outside air also flows from the inlet as warm air in the poultry house is discharged from the vent 20 to the outside. Therefore, even in the summer season when the temperature in the poultry house is likely to rise due to a power failure, the temperature rise in the poultry house is effectively suppressed.
- the vent 20 for discharging air from the inside of the poultry house is provided. Since it is provided in the upper part of the side wall 10, natural ventilation can be performed smoothly when the supply of power is stopped. Further, although the vent 20 is provided at the upper part of the side wall 10, it is covered with the light shielding vent 40, so that sunlight does not enter from the released vent 20.
- a lower opening 50 that opens at the bottom of the side wall 10 when the supply of power is stopped is provided. Accordingly, since the outside air flows from the lower opening 50 as the air warmed in the poultry house is discharged from the vent hole 20, natural ventilation can be performed very smoothly.
- both the forced ventilation during normal power supply and natural ventilation when the power supply is stopped are performed using the same equipment, so the poultry house equipment can be used effectively.
- the cost required for the construction of the ventilation structure 1 can be reduced.
- a light shielding ventilation member is used.
- the mouth may be covered.
- vent may be configured to open and close in a double-opening manner.
- vent and the lower opening are immediately opened when the power supply is stopped.
- the vent and the lower opening can be opened.
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Abstract
Provided is a poultry house ventilation structure capable of performing ventilation uninterruptedly during a power outage. A ventilation structure (1) is provided with: a ventilation port (20) formed on the upper part of a wall (10) of a poultry house; a ventilation adjustment device (30) for opening and closing the ventilation port, the ventilation adjustment device (30) opening the ventilation port when supply of power is stopped; and a light-shielding ventilation member (40) for covering the ventilation port. A ventilation space through which light does not pass but air passes naturally is formed in the light-shielding ventilation member by a curve, a bend, and/or a tilt in a plurality of thin plates arranged in parallel so that gaps are present therebetween.
Description
本発明は、鶏舎の換気構造、及び、該換気構造を使用した鶏舎の換気方法に関するものである。
The present invention relates to a ventilation structure for a poultry house and a method for ventilating a poultry house using the ventilation structure.
本出願人は、養鶏のための施設及び設備に関する技術を、これまで種々提案し実施してきているが、その中に、ウインドレスの換気構造を備えた鶏舎に関するものがある(例えば、特許文献1,2参照)。これらは、長いケージ列が収容された鶏舎であり、妻面(棟に直角な側面)の一方に入気口を、妻面の他方に排気口を、それぞれ大きな面積で設ける一方で、棟に平行な両側壁の上部において屋根との間に、側壁の長手方向のほぼ中央から排気口のある妻面に向かって延びる補助入気口を設けたものである。
The present applicant has proposed and implemented various techniques related to facilities and equipment for poultry farming, and among them, there is one related to a poultry house equipped with a windless ventilation structure (for example, Patent Document 1). , 2). These are poultry houses with long rows of cages, with an inlet on one side of the wife's surface (the side perpendicular to the ridge) and an exhaust outlet on the other side of the wife's surface, each with a large area, In the upper part of the parallel side walls, an auxiliary air inlet extending from the approximate center in the longitudinal direction of the side wall toward the wife surface with the air outlet is provided between the roof.
そして、排気口に取り付けられた排気ファンで強制的に排気することにより鶏舎内を陰圧にし、入気口または補助入気口から空気を取り込むことにより換気を行う。鶏舎内に取り込まれた空気は、トリの体温で温められながら鶏舎内を流通し、排気口から排出される。外気温や鶏舎内の温度に基づき、空気の取り込みを入気口と補助入気口とで切り換え、或いは、空気の取り込み量を調整することにより、鶏舎内における空気の流れの上流側と下流側との温度差を小さくすることができる。
Then, the inside of the poultry house is made negative pressure by forcibly exhausting with an exhaust fan attached to the exhaust port, and ventilation is performed by taking in air from the intake port or the auxiliary intake port. The air taken into the poultry house flows through the poultry house while being heated at the body temperature of the birds, and is discharged from the exhaust port. Based on the outside air temperature and the temperature inside the poultry house, the air intake is switched between the inlet and the auxiliary inlet, or the amount of air taken in is adjusted to adjust the air flow upstream and downstream of the house. And the temperature difference can be reduced.
図5に示すように、上記の技術を適用した実際の鶏舎の換気構造100では、側壁110の上部を外側から被覆する垂壁140が、側壁110との間に空隙を設けて屋根81から垂下されており、側壁110の上端と屋根81との間に設けられた補助入気口120に至る通気路125が、側壁110と垂壁140との間に形成されている。このような垂壁140を用いた構造は、補助入気口120を介して、鶏舎内に太陽光が射し込んだり強風が吹き込んだりするおそれを、垂壁140によって回避したものである。補助入気口120が開放している状態では、図5(a)に矢印で示すように、通気路125及び補助入気口120を介して鶏舎内に外気が取り込まれる。なお、通気路125を介して鶏舎内に鳥や虫が進入することを防止するために、垂壁140と側壁110との間には網体129が張設されている。
As shown in FIG. 5, in an actual poultry house ventilation structure 100 to which the above technique is applied, a hanging wall 140 that covers the upper part of the side wall 110 from the outside is suspended from the roof 81 by providing a gap between the side wall 110. An air passage 125 reaching the auxiliary inlet 120 provided between the upper end of the side wall 110 and the roof 81 is formed between the side wall 110 and the hanging wall 140. Such a structure using the hanging wall 140 avoids the possibility that sunlight or a strong wind blows into the poultry house through the auxiliary inlet 120 by the hanging wall 140. In the state where the auxiliary air inlet 120 is open, outside air is taken into the poultry house through the air passage 125 and the auxiliary air inlet 120 as shown by arrows in FIG. Note that a net 129 is stretched between the vertical wall 140 and the side wall 110 in order to prevent birds and insects from entering the poultry house through the air passage 125.
このように、排気ファンの稼働によって強制的に換気を行うウインドレスの鶏舎では、停電の際には、速やかに自然換気に切り換える必要がある。トリの体温は高いため、換気が停止した状態では短時間で熱死に至るおそれがあるからである。そこで、停電の際には、図5(b)に示すように、補助入気口120を全開にすることにより、通気路125を介して鶏舎内の空気を外部に排出させることを想到し得る。この場合、空気は側壁110と垂壁140との間の通気路125を、垂壁140の下端より低い高さに至るまで下方に向かって流れなければ、外部に排出させることができない。しかしながら、高温の空気は自ずと上昇してしまうため、このような垂壁140を使用する換気構造では、鶏舎内で暖められた空気をスムーズに外部に排出させにくい。
In this way, in a windless poultry house that is forcibly ventilated by operating the exhaust fan, it is necessary to quickly switch to natural ventilation in the event of a power failure. This is because the bird's body temperature is high, and there is a risk of heat death in a short time when ventilation is stopped. Therefore, in the event of a power failure, it can be conceived that the air in the poultry house is exhausted to the outside through the ventilation path 125 by fully opening the auxiliary inlet 120 as shown in FIG. . In this case, the air cannot be discharged outside unless the air flow path 125 between the side wall 110 and the vertical wall 140 flows downward until reaching a height lower than the lower end of the vertical wall 140. However, since high-temperature air naturally rises, in such a ventilation structure using the hanging wall 140, it is difficult to smoothly discharge the air heated in the poultry house to the outside.
そこで、本発明は、上記の実情に鑑み、停電時にスムーズに換気を行うことができる鶏舎の換気構造、及び、該換気構造を使用した鶏舎の換気方法の提供を、課題とするものである。
Therefore, in view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a ventilation structure for a poultry house that can smoothly ventilate during a power failure, and a method for ventilating a poultry house using the ventilation structure.
上記の課題を解決するため、本発明にかかる鶏舎の換気構造は、「鶏舎の壁体の上部に形成された通気口と、該通気口を開閉し、電力の供給が停止したときに前記通気口を開放する通気調整装置と、前記通気口を被覆している遮光通気部材とを具備し、該遮光通気部材には、間隔をあけて並設された複数の薄板材の湾曲、屈曲、及び傾斜の少なくとも何れかにより、光は通過しないが空気は自然通過する通気空間が形成されている」ものである。
In order to solve the above problems, the ventilating structure for a poultry house according to the present invention includes: a vent formed in the upper part of the wall of the poultry house, and the vent when the vent is opened and closed and power supply is stopped. A ventilation adjusting device that opens the opening, and a light shielding ventilation member that covers the ventilation hole, and the light shielding ventilation member includes a plurality of thin plate members arranged in parallel at intervals, bent, bent, and Due to at least one of the inclinations, a ventilation space is formed in which light does not pass but air naturally passes.
「壁体の上部に形成された通気口」としては、壁体の上端と屋根との間に空隙を設けることにより形成された通気口、鶏舎が天井を有する場合に壁体の上端と天井との間に空隙を設けることにより形成された通気口、を例示することができる。
“Vents formed in the upper part of the wall” include vents formed by providing a gap between the upper end of the wall and the roof, and the upper end and ceiling of the wall when the poultry house has a ceiling. An air vent formed by providing a gap between them can be exemplified.
「通気調整装置」としては、回動により通気口を開閉する方開き、または両開きの開閉板材を有する構成、スライドにより通気口を開閉する開閉板材を有する構成、を例示することができる。また、通気調整装置が「電力の供給が停止したときに前記通気口を開放する」機構としては、電力の供給が停止したときにバッテリからの電力の供給に切り替えて開閉板材を駆動する機構、通気口を開放する方向の付勢に抗して、電磁力により開閉板材で通気口を閉鎖しておく機構、を例示することができる。
Examples of the “ventilation adjusting device” include a configuration having a one-way opening / closing plate member that opens and closes the vent by rotation, or a configuration having an opening / closing plate member that opens and closes the vent by sliding. Further, as a mechanism that the ventilation adjustment device “opens the vent when power supply is stopped”, a mechanism that switches the power supply from the battery to drive the opening / closing plate material when the power supply stops, A mechanism that closes the vent with an open / close plate by electromagnetic force against the urging in the direction of opening the vent can be exemplified.
「遮光通気部材」では、間隔をあけて並設された複数の薄板材の間の空隙が、空気を通過させる通気空間である。そして、薄板材は、湾曲、屈曲、及び傾斜の少なくとも何れかにより、直進する光を遮るものであり、光は通気空間を通過することがない。なお、薄板材の態様としては、湾曲または屈曲のみしている態様、傾斜のみしている態様、湾曲または屈曲しつつ傾斜している態様、を例示することができる。また、空気が「自然通過」するとは、吸気や圧送など強制的に空気を移動させることなく、空気が通気空間を通過することを指している。
In the “light-shielding ventilation member”, a space between a plurality of thin plate members arranged side by side is a ventilation space through which air passes. The thin plate material blocks light traveling straight by at least one of bending, bending, and tilting, and the light does not pass through the ventilation space. In addition, as an aspect of a thin-plate material, the aspect which only curves or bends, the aspect which only inclines, the aspect which inclines while curving or bending can be illustrated. Further, “natural passage” of air means that air passes through the ventilation space without forcibly moving the air such as intake air or pressure feeding.
本構成では、電力の供給が停止したときに開放する通気口は、壁体の上部に形成されている。これにより、トリの体温によって暖められて高温となり、自ずと上昇する鶏舎内の空気を、通気口から外部にスムーズに排出させることができるため、空気の流れが生じ自然換気することができる。そして、通気口は、空気は自然通過させるが光は通過させない遮光通気部材で被覆されているため、解放された通気口を介して、鶏舎内に太陽光が射し込むことが防止される。
In this configuration, the vent opening that is opened when power supply is stopped is formed in the upper part of the wall. As a result, the air inside the poultry house, which is warmed by the body temperature of the bird and naturally rises, can be smoothly discharged from the vent to the outside, so that an air flow is generated and natural ventilation can be performed. The vent is covered with a light-shielding vent member that allows air to pass through naturally but does not allow light to pass through, so that sunlight can be prevented from entering the poultry house through the released vent.
本発明にかかる鶏舎の換気構造は、上記構成に加え、「前記通気口が形成された前記壁体とは異なる鶏舎の壁体に形成された排気口と、該排気口に取り付けられた排気ファンとを更に具備し、前記通気口は、前記壁体の全長にわたり設けられていると共に、複数のユニットに分割されており、前記通気調整装置は、前記ユニットごとに設けられていると共に、前記ユニットごとに前記通気口の開度を調整可能である」ものとすることができる。
In addition to the above-described structure, the ventilating structure for a poultry house according to the present invention includes an “exhaust port formed in a wall body of a poultry house different from the wall body in which the vent hole is formed, and an exhaust fan attached to the exhaust port. The vent is provided over the entire length of the wall body and is divided into a plurality of units, and the ventilating device is provided for each unit, and the unit It is possible to adjust the opening degree of the vent for each time. "
本構成では、電力の供給が停止したとき、つまり非常時に開放させる通気口を、非常時のみに使用する専用の設備とするのではなく、通常時における鶏舎の強制的な換気に使用する。これにより、鶏舎の設備を有効に活用することができる。
∙ In this configuration, when the power supply is stopped, that is, the vent that is opened in an emergency, it is used for forced ventilation of the poultry house during normal times, not as a dedicated facility used only in an emergency. Thereby, the equipment of a poultry house can be used effectively.
具体的には、電力が供給されている通常時は、排気ファンを稼働させて排気口から空気を排出することにより、通気口から外気を取り込む。通気口の開度は、通気調整装置によって調整可能であるため、鶏舎内の温度や外気温に基づいて、通気口からの空気の流入量を調整することができる。更に、通気口は壁体の全長にわたり設けられているが、通気口から流入した空気は排出口に向かう過程でトリの体温によって暖められるため、鶏舎内では排出口までの距離の違いによって温度差が生じ易い。そこで本構成では、通気口を複数のユニットに分割し、ユニットごとに通気調整装置を設けている。これにより、例えば、排出口から遠いユニットの通気口より、排出口に近いユニットの通気口の方が、外気の取り込み量が多くなるように通気調整装置で通気口の開度を調整することより、鶏舎内の空気の流通における上流と下流との温度差を低減することができる。
Specifically, during normal times when power is supplied, the exhaust fan is operated to discharge air from the exhaust port, thereby taking outside air from the vent. Since the opening degree of the ventilation hole can be adjusted by the ventilation adjustment device, the inflow amount of air from the ventilation hole can be adjusted based on the temperature in the poultry house or the outside air temperature. Furthermore, although the vent is provided over the entire length of the wall, the air flowing in from the vent is warmed by the bird's body temperature in the process of going to the vent, so there is a temperature difference in the poultry house due to the difference in the distance to the vent. Is likely to occur. Therefore, in this configuration, the vent is divided into a plurality of units, and a ventilation adjusting device is provided for each unit. Thus, for example, by adjusting the opening degree of the air vent with the air flow adjustment device so that the air intake of the unit closer to the air outlet has a larger amount of outside air intake than the air vent of the unit far from the air outlet. The temperature difference between upstream and downstream in the air circulation in the poultry house can be reduced.
加えて、通気口が壁体の全長にわたり設けられていることにより、電力の供給が停止したときに通気口が開放されると、壁体の全長にわたり外部と連通する開口が形成される。これにより、鶏舎内で部分的に空気が滞留するおそれを低減して、スムーズに自然換気を行うことができる。なお、通気口が形成される壁体は、鶏舎内に並設される複数のケージ列と平行な壁体とすれば、好適である。ケージの長さは、一般的に数十メートル以上と非常に長いが、通気口がケージに平行であれば、長いケージに収容されているトリを、ケージにおける場所によらず、強制換気の停止に伴う体温の上昇から保護できるからである。
In addition, since the vent is provided over the entire length of the wall, when the vent is opened when power supply is stopped, an opening communicating with the outside is formed over the entire length of the wall. Thereby, a possibility that air may partially accumulate in a poultry house can be reduced, and natural ventilation can be performed smoothly. In addition, if the wall body in which a vent hole is formed is a wall body parallel to a plurality of cage rows arranged in the poultry house, it is preferable. The length of the cage is generally very long, such as several tens of meters. However, if the vent is parallel to the cage, stop the forced ventilation of the bird housed in the long cage regardless of the location in the cage. It is because it can protect from the rise in body temperature which accompanies.
次に、本発明にかかる鶏舎の換気方法は、「上記に記載の鶏舎の換気構造を使用した鶏舎の換気方法であって、電力が供給されているときは、前記通気口を開閉し、前記通気口からの空気の取り込み及びその停止を切り換えると共に、前記通気口から空気を取り込む際の前記通気口の開度を調整し、電力の供給が停止したときは、前記通気口を開放し、前記通気口を介して換気を行う」ものである。
Next, the ventilating method of the poultry house according to the present invention is “a poultry house ventilating method using the above-described poultry house ventilation structure, and when power is supplied, the vent is opened and closed, Switching between taking in air from the vent and stopping it, adjusting the opening of the vent when taking in air from the vent, and opening the vent when power supply stops, Ventilation is done through the vents. "
本構成の鶏舎の換気方法では、同一の設備を使用して、電力が供給されている通常時の強制換気と、電力の供給が停止したときの自然換気との双方を行うことができると共に、電力の供給が停止したときの自然換気を、壁体の上部に形成された通気口を介してスムーズに行うことができる。
In the ventilation method of the poultry house of this configuration, while using the same equipment, it is possible to perform both forced ventilation during normal time when power is supplied and natural ventilation when power supply is stopped, Natural ventilation when the supply of power is stopped can be smoothly performed through the vent formed in the upper part of the wall.
以上のように、本発明の効果として、停電時にスムーズに換気を行うことができる鶏舎の換気構造、及び、該換気構造を使用した鶏舎の換気方法を提供することができる。
As described above, as an effect of the present invention, it is possible to provide a poultry house ventilation structure that can smoothly ventilate during a power failure, and a poultry house ventilation method using the ventilation structure.
以下、本発明の一実施形態である鶏舎の換気構造1(以下、単に「換気構造1」と称する)、及び、換気構造1を使用した鶏舎の換気方法について、図1乃至図4を用いて説明する。
Hereinafter, a chicken house ventilation structure 1 (hereinafter simply referred to as “ventilation structure 1”) and a chicken house ventilation method using the ventilation structure 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. explain.
本実施形態の換気構造1は、鶏舎の壁体である側壁10の上部に形成された通気口20と、通気口20を開閉し、電力の供給が停止したときに通気口20を開放する通気調整装置30と、通気口20を被覆している遮光通気部材40とを具備し、遮光通気部材40には、間隔をあけて並設された複数の薄板材41の湾曲、屈曲、及び傾斜の少なくとも何れかにより、光は通過しないが空気は自然通過する通気空間42が形成されているものである。
The ventilation structure 1 of the present embodiment includes a vent 20 formed in the upper part of the side wall 10 that is a wall of a poultry house, and a vent that opens and closes the vent 20 and opens the vent 20 when power supply is stopped. An adjustment device 30 and a light shielding ventilation member 40 covering the ventilation hole 20 are provided. The light shielding ventilation member 40 has a plurality of thin plate members 41 arranged in parallel at intervals, bent, bent, and inclined. At least one of them forms a ventilation space 42 through which light does not pass but air naturally passes.
具体的に説明すると、鶏舎は棟に平行な方向の長さが数十メートルから100メートル、棟に直交する方向の長さが十数メートルから30メートルの細長い形状であり、鶏舎内では棟に平行な方向に延びるケージ列が複数並設されている。そして、棟に平行な一対の側壁10において、側壁10の上端と屋根81との間に空隙が設けられることにより、通気口20が形成されている。より詳細には、屋根裏の空間は、側壁10より内側で、側壁10に沿って屋根81から垂下された仕切り板82で仕切られており、この仕切り板82の下端辺と側壁10の上端辺との間で、通気口20が開口している。
More specifically, the poultry house has an elongated shape with a length in the direction parallel to the wing of several tens to 100 meters and a length in the direction perpendicular to the wing of several tens to 30 meters. A plurality of cage rows extending in parallel directions are arranged side by side. And in the pair of side walls 10 parallel to the ridge, the air vent 20 is formed by providing a gap between the upper end of the side wall 10 and the roof 81. More specifically, the space in the attic is partitioned by a partition plate 82 suspended from the roof 81 along the side wall 10 inside the side wall 10, and the lower end side of the partition plate 82 and the upper end side of the side wall 10. In between, the vent 20 is open.
また、通気口20は、側壁10の全長にわたり設けられていると共に、複数のユニットに分割されている。更に、通気調整装置30は、通気口20のユニットごとに設けられていると共に、ユニットごとに通気口20の開度を調整可能である。
Further, the vent 20 is provided over the entire length of the side wall 10 and is divided into a plurality of units. Furthermore, the air flow adjusting device 30 is provided for each unit of the air vent 20 and can adjust the opening degree of the air vent 20 for each unit.
通気調整装置30は、側壁10の上端の近傍に、一辺側で回転自在に軸支された平板状の回動板31と、回動板31を回動させる回動板駆動機構を有している。ここで、回動板31は側壁10に平行な軸周りに回動する構成であり、複数が連設されて全体として一つのユニットの通気口20の長さに相当する長さに形成されている。回動板駆動機構は、モータにより駆動されるウインチ(図示しない)に一端が巻き付けられた主ワイヤ32を有している。主ワイヤ32の他端は、側壁10から突設されたブラケット(図示しない)にスプリングを介して固定されることにより、側壁10に沿って張設されている。同一のユニットに属する複数の回動板31それぞれの自由端辺の近傍には、副ワイヤ33の一端が取り付けられており、副ワイヤ33の他端は、主ワイヤ32に連結されている。副ワイヤ33は、回動板31ごとに側壁10から突設された支持板39に取り付けられた第一滑車34及び第二滑車35に掛け回されることにより方向を変え、自重により下方向に回動しようとする回動板31を斜め上方から牽引している。
The air flow adjusting device 30 has a flat plate-like rotary plate 31 that is rotatably supported on one side and a rotary plate drive mechanism that rotates the rotary plate 31 in the vicinity of the upper end of the side wall 10. Yes. Here, the rotation plate 31 is configured to rotate about an axis parallel to the side wall 10, and a plurality of the rotation plates 31 are connected to each other so as to have a length corresponding to the length of the vent hole 20 of one unit as a whole. Yes. The rotating plate drive mechanism has a main wire 32 having one end wound around a winch (not shown) driven by a motor. The other end of the main wire 32 is stretched along the side wall 10 by being fixed to a bracket (not shown) protruding from the side wall 10 via a spring. One end of the sub wire 33 is attached in the vicinity of the free end of each of the plurality of rotating plates 31 belonging to the same unit, and the other end of the sub wire 33 is connected to the main wire 32. The auxiliary wire 33 changes its direction by being hung around a first pulley 34 and a second pulley 35 attached to a support plate 39 projecting from the side wall 10 for each rotation plate 31, and downward due to its own weight. The rotating plate 31 to be rotated is pulled from the upper side.
また、鶏舎は、側壁10の外表面に接するように一定間隔で垂設された、複数の外柱85を備えている。これは、鶏舎の内部空間に柱や桟が存在すると、そこに埃などが溜まり易くなるため、鶏舎の内部空間には凹凸部分を極力形成することなく、鶏舎内部を衛生的に保つためである。遮光通気部材40は、外柱85間に架け渡された二本の桟材86によって上下から挟み込むように、外柱85に固定されている。従って、遮光通気部材40と側壁10との間には、外柱85の厚さ分の空隙が存在する。そのため、側壁10の上端と遮光通気部材40を下方から支持する桟材86との間には、側壁10に沿って延びる仕切り壁87が設けられており、遮光通気部材40を上方から支持する桟材86と屋根81の下面との間は仕切り壁88で閉塞されている。このような構成により、通気口20は、遮光通気部材40の通気空間42のみで鶏舎の外部の空間と連通している。
In addition, the poultry house includes a plurality of outer pillars 85 that are suspended at regular intervals so as to be in contact with the outer surface of the side wall 10. This is because if there are pillars and piers in the internal space of the poultry house, dust and the like are likely to accumulate there, so that the internal structure of the poultry house is kept hygienic without forming irregularities as much as possible. . The light shielding ventilation member 40 is fixed to the outer pillar 85 so as to be sandwiched from above and below by two crosspieces 86 spanned between the outer pillars 85. Accordingly, a gap corresponding to the thickness of the outer column 85 exists between the light shielding ventilation member 40 and the side wall 10. Therefore, a partition wall 87 extending along the side wall 10 is provided between the upper end of the side wall 10 and the crosspiece 86 that supports the light shielding ventilation member 40 from below, and the crosspiece that supports the light shielding ventilation member 40 from above is provided. A partition wall 88 blocks between the material 86 and the lower surface of the roof 81. With such a configuration, the vent hole 20 communicates with the space outside the poultry house only by the vent space 42 of the light shielding vent member 40.
ここで、本実施形態の遮光通気部材40は、図4に示すように、横断面がW字状に湾曲した多数の薄板材41が、隣接する薄板材41間に通気空間42を形成するように間隔をあけて並設されるように、枠体49によって支持された構成である。薄板材41の湾曲の度合いは、太陽光の入射角度が変化しても、直進する光が通気空間42を通過しないように設定されている。ここで、遮光通気部材40は、複数個を連設することにより、全体として、側壁10の全長にわたり設けられた通気口20を被覆可能な長さに形成されている。
Here, in the light shielding ventilation member 40 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, a large number of thin plate materials 41 whose cross sections are curved in a W shape form a ventilation space 42 between adjacent thin plate materials 41. It is the structure supported by the frame 49 so that it may be arranged in parallel at intervals. The degree of curvature of the thin plate material 41 is set so that light traveling straight does not pass through the ventilation space 42 even if the incident angle of sunlight changes. Here, the light shielding ventilation member 40 is formed in a length that can cover the ventilation hole 20 provided over the entire length of the side wall 10 as a whole by connecting a plurality of light shielding ventilation members 40.
加えて、本実施形態の換気構造1は、棟に直交する一対の妻面の一方に形成された入気口と、他方の妻面に形成された排気口とを具備している(何れも図示しない)。入気口及び排気口は、それぞれ妻面の面積の1/2以上の大きな面積を有している。そして、入気口は、吸水性に富んだ紙や不織布で形成されたクーリングパッドで被覆されている。一方、排気口には、大型の排気ファンが複数取り付けられている。
In addition, the ventilation structure 1 of the present embodiment includes an air inlet formed in one of a pair of wife surfaces orthogonal to the ridge, and an exhaust port formed in the other wife surface (both are Not shown). Each of the air inlet and the air outlet has a large area that is 1/2 or more of the area of the wife surface. The air inlet is covered with a cooling pad made of paper or nonwoven fabric with high water absorption. On the other hand, a plurality of large exhaust fans are attached to the exhaust port.
更に、本実施形態の換気構造1は、側壁10の下部に貫通して設けられた下部開口50を開閉する非常扉51(図3参照)を備えている。詳細な図示は省略するが、非常扉51の内表面には、非常扉51を開方向に付勢する付勢部材が取り付けられている。非常扉51の内表面の上部及び下部開口50の枠体の上部には、非常扉51を閉じたときに軸方向が同一線上に位置する管状部材が、それぞれ取り付けられている。これにより、付勢部材の付勢に抗して非常扉51を閉じ、非常扉51の管状部材と枠体の管状部材に閂部材を挿通することにより、非常扉51は閉状態に保持される。側壁10において枠体の上部近傍には電磁石が設けられており、この電磁石に吸着されて上下方向に延び、非吸着時に傾動する被吸着部材の上端に、ワイヤの一端が引掛けられており、そのワイヤの他端側は、電磁石とは反対側で枠体の上部近傍で側壁10に取り付けられた滑車に巻き掛けられた上で端部に錘が吊り下げられている。従って、電力が供給され被吸着部材が電磁石に吸着されている状態では、ワイヤは枠体の上部において側壁10に沿って張設された状態である。このワイヤに、閂部材が紐状部材を介して連結されている。
Furthermore, the ventilation structure 1 of the present embodiment includes an emergency door 51 (see FIG. 3) that opens and closes a lower opening 50 provided through the lower portion of the side wall 10. Although detailed illustration is omitted, an urging member for urging the emergency door 51 in the opening direction is attached to the inner surface of the emergency door 51. Tubular members whose axial directions are located on the same line when the emergency door 51 is closed are respectively attached to the upper part of the inner surface of the emergency door 51 and the upper part of the frame of the lower opening 50. Thus, the emergency door 51 is closed against the biasing of the biasing member, and the emergency door 51 is held in the closed state by inserting the eaves member through the tubular member of the emergency door 51 and the tubular member of the frame. . An electromagnet is provided in the vicinity of the upper portion of the frame body in the side wall 10, and one end of the wire is hooked on the upper end of the attracted member that is attracted to the electromagnet and extends in the vertical direction and tilts when not attracted. The other end of the wire is wound around a pulley attached to the side wall 10 in the vicinity of the upper portion of the frame on the side opposite to the electromagnet, and a weight is suspended from the end. Therefore, in a state where power is supplied and the attracted member is attracted to the electromagnet, the wire is stretched along the side wall 10 in the upper part of the frame. A hook member is connected to the wire via a string-like member.
次に、上記構成の換気構造1を使用した鶏舎の換気方法について説明する。まず、電力が供給されている通常時は、排気ファンを稼働させて排気口から空気を排出し、入気口または通気口20から空気を取り込む強制換気を行う。例えば、夏季など外気温の高いときは、入気口から空気を取り込む。これにより、対向する妻面間で高速で空気が流通し、鶏舎内の温度より低温の外気で鶏舎内を冷却しつつ、換気を行うことができる。この際、入気口を被覆するクーリングパッドに水を流下、滴下、噴霧することにより、水の気化熱が奪われて低温となったクーリングパッドを通過して取り込まれる空気の温度が低下し、より効果的に鶏舎内を冷却することができる。なお、クーリングパッドで被覆されていることにより、入気口から鶏舎内に光が入りにくいものとなっている。
Next, a method for ventilating a poultry house using the ventilation structure 1 having the above configuration will be described. First, during normal times when power is supplied, the exhaust fan is operated to exhaust air from the exhaust port, and forced ventilation is performed by taking in air from the inlet or vent 20. For example, when the outside air temperature is high such as in summer, air is taken in from the inlet. Thereby, air can distribute | circulate at high speed between the wife surfaces which oppose, and it can ventilate, cooling the inside of a chicken house with the outside air lower than the temperature in a chicken house. At this time, the temperature of the air taken in through the cooling pad, which has been lowered by the removal of heat of vaporization of water, is lowered by flowing, dripping and spraying water to the cooling pad covering the inlet port, The inside of the poultry house can be cooled more effectively. In addition, since it is coat | covered with the cooling pad, it becomes a thing into which light does not enter into a poultry house from an air inlet.
一方、冬季など外気温が低いときは、妻面の入気口から外気を取り込むと鶏舎内の入気口側(上流側)の温度が低くなり過ぎるため、入気口を断熱パネルや断熱カーテンで閉塞し、図1に示すように、通気口20から外気を取り込む。側壁10の全長にわたる長さの通気口20は、複数のユニットに分割されているため、ユニットごとに設けられた通気調整装置30により、ユニットごとに通気口20の開度を調整することができる。具体的には、モータの駆動によりウインチで主ワイヤ32を巻き取ると、これに連結された副ワイヤ33によって回動板31は引張られて上方に回動し、通気口20の開度が小さくなる。逆に、ウインチにより主ワイヤ32を繰り出すと、副ワイヤ33が弛緩することにより回動板31は自重により下方向に回動し、通気口20の開度が大きくなる。
On the other hand, when the outside air temperature is low, such as in winter, the temperature on the inlet side (upstream side) of the poultry house becomes too low if outside air is taken in from the inlet on the wife's side. Then, as shown in FIG. 1, outside air is taken in from the vent 20. Since the vent hole 20 having a length over the entire length of the side wall 10 is divided into a plurality of units, the opening degree of the vent hole 20 can be adjusted for each unit by the vent adjustment device 30 provided for each unit. . Specifically, when the main wire 32 is wound up by the winch by driving the motor, the rotating plate 31 is pulled and rotated upward by the sub wire 33 connected thereto, and the opening degree of the vent 20 is small. Become. On the contrary, when the main wire 32 is drawn out by the winch, the sub wire 33 is loosened, so that the rotating plate 31 is rotated downward by its own weight, and the opening degree of the vent hole 20 is increased.
ここで、鶏舎は側壁10の延びる方向に長いため、鶏舎内の空気の流通における上流側、すなわち入気口が設けられた妻面に近い部分と、下流側すなわち排気口が設けられた妻面に近い部分とで、温度差が大きくなり易い。つまり、鶏舎内を流通する空気はトリの体温で暖められるため、上流側より下流側で空気の温度は高くなり易い。そこで、排気口に近いユニットの通気口20の開度が、入気口に近いユニットの通気口20の開度より大きくなるように、通気調整装置30で調整する。これにより、下流側でより多くの外気が取り込まれ、鶏舎内の下流側における空気の温度の上昇を防ぐことができる。このような通気口20の開度の調整は、例えば、通気口20のユニットごとに、通気口20の近傍に設けられた温度センサの検知に基づき、コンピュータまたはプログラマブルコントローラで制御することができる。
Here, since the poultry house is long in the direction in which the side wall 10 extends, the upstream side in the circulation of air in the poultry house, that is, the portion close to the wife face provided with the inlet, and the downstream face, ie, the wife face provided with the exhaust port. The temperature difference tends to be large at a portion close to. That is, since the air circulating in the poultry house is warmed by the body temperature of the bird, the temperature of the air tends to be higher on the downstream side than on the upstream side. Therefore, the ventilation adjustment device 30 adjusts so that the opening degree of the vent hole 20 of the unit close to the exhaust port is larger than the opening degree of the vent hole 20 of the unit close to the inlet port. Thereby, more outside air is taken in downstream and it can prevent the temperature rise of the air in the downstream in a poultry house. Such adjustment of the opening degree of the vent hole 20 can be controlled by a computer or a programmable controller based on detection of a temperature sensor provided in the vicinity of the vent hole 20 for each unit of the vent hole 20, for example.
なお、夏季と冬季の間の時期など外気温が中間程度のときは、外気の取り込みに入気口と通気口20とを併用することができる。また、通気口20を介して空気を取り込むモードにおいて、複数のユニットの通気口20の全てが開放している必要はなく、一以上のユニットの通気口20が回動板31で閉塞されていてもよい。
In addition, when the outside air temperature is intermediate, such as during the summer and winter seasons, the inlet and the vent 20 can be used together for taking in the outside air. Further, in the mode of taking air through the vent 20, it is not necessary that all the vents 20 of the plurality of units are open, and the vents 20 of one or more units are closed by the rotating plate 31. Also good.
そして、電力の供給が停止したときは、図2に示すように、全てのユニットの通気口20において、回動板31を開方向に回動させる。例えば、電力の供給の停止により、通気調整装置30において、商用電源から供給される電力によるモータの駆動から、バッテリから供給される電力によるモータの駆動に切り換えることにより、回動板31を回動させる。
When the supply of power is stopped, as shown in FIG. 2, the rotation plate 31 is rotated in the opening direction in the vent holes 20 of all the units. For example, when the supply of electric power is stopped, the rotation adjustment plate 30 rotates the rotation plate 31 by switching from driving the motor using electric power supplied from a commercial power supply to driving the motor using electric power supplied from a battery. Let
これにより、側壁10の上部に形成されている通気口20が開放するため、トリの体温によって暖められて高温となり、自ずと上昇する鶏舎内の空気が、通気口20から外部にスムーズに排出される。そして、通気口20は、空気は自然通過させるが光は通過させない遮光通気部材40で被覆されているため、解放された通気口20を介して、鶏舎内に太陽光が射し込むことが防止される。
As a result, the vent hole 20 formed in the upper part of the side wall 10 is opened, so that the air in the poultry house that is naturally warmed by the bird's body temperature is discharged smoothly from the vent hole 20 to the outside. . The vent hole 20 is covered with a light-shielding vent member 40 that allows air to pass through naturally but does not allow light to pass therethrough, thereby preventing sunlight from entering the poultry house through the vent hole 20 that has been released. .
加えて、電力の供給が停止したときは、図3に示すように、非常扉51が開いて下部開口50を開放する。具体的には、電力の供給が停止すると、通電時には電磁石に吸着されていた被吸着部材が電磁石から離れて傾動し、その上端に一端が引き掛けられていたワイヤが外れて、錘に作用する重力で引張られて落下する。これに伴い、ワイヤに連結されていた閂部材が外れるため、付勢部材による付勢によって非常扉51が開き、下部開口50が開放される。
In addition, when the power supply is stopped, the emergency door 51 is opened and the lower opening 50 is opened as shown in FIG. Specifically, when the supply of power is stopped, the attracted member that has been attracted to the electromagnet at the time of energization is tilted away from the electromagnet, and the wire with one end hooked to the upper end is released to act on the weight. It is pulled by gravity and falls. Along with this, since the eaves member connected to the wire is removed, the emergency door 51 is opened by the urging by the urging member, and the lower opening 50 is opened.
これにより、鶏舎内で暖められて高温となった空気が、側壁10の上部で解放された通気口20から外部に排出され、側壁10の下部で解放された下部開口50を介して外部から新鮮な空気が流入するという、空気の流れが生じる。従って、電力の供給が停止したときに、スムーズに自然換気を行うことができる。
As a result, the air heated in the poultry house and heated to high temperature is exhausted to the outside from the vent hole 20 released at the upper part of the side wall 10, and fresh from the outside through the lower opening 50 released at the lower part of the side wall 10. The air flow that the inflow of fresh air occurs. Therefore, natural ventilation can be performed smoothly when the supply of power is stopped.
なお、冬季など妻面の入気口から外気を取り込まないモードのときは、入気口が断熱パネル等で閉塞されている一方、夏季など入気口から外気を取り込むモードのときは、クーリングパッドを介して入気口が開放している。これにより、鶏舎内の暖かい空気が通気口20から外部に排出されるのに伴い、下部開口50に加えて入気口からも外気が流入する。従って、停電によって鶏舎内の温度が上昇しやすい夏季など外気温の高い時期であっても、鶏舎内の温度の上昇が効果的に抑制される。
In the winter mode, when the outside air is not taken in from the wife's air inlet, the air inlet is blocked by a heat insulation panel, etc. The inlet is open through. Thereby, in addition to the lower opening 50, outside air also flows from the inlet as warm air in the poultry house is discharged from the vent 20 to the outside. Therefore, even in the summer season when the temperature in the poultry house is likely to rise due to a power failure, the temperature rise in the poultry house is effectively suppressed.
以上のように、本実施形態の換気構造1、及び、換気構造1を使用した鶏舎の換気方法によれば、電力の供給が停止したときに鶏舎内から空気を排出するための通気口20が、側壁10の上部に設けられているため、電力の供給が停止したときの自然換気をスムーズに行うことができる。また、通気口20は側壁10の上部に設けられているものの遮光通気部材40で被覆されているため、解放した通気口20から太陽光が入射することがない。
As mentioned above, according to the ventilation structure 1 of this embodiment and the ventilation method of the poultry house using the ventilation structure 1, when the supply of electric power stops, the vent 20 for discharging air from the inside of the poultry house is provided. Since it is provided in the upper part of the side wall 10, natural ventilation can be performed smoothly when the supply of power is stopped. Further, although the vent 20 is provided at the upper part of the side wall 10, it is covered with the light shielding vent 40, so that sunlight does not enter from the released vent 20.
また、通気口20が側壁10の全長にわたり設けられていることにより、電力の供給が停止し通気口20が開放された際に、鶏舎内で部分的に空気が滞留するおそれを低減して、スムーズに自然換気を行うことができる。
In addition, by providing the vent 20 over the entire length of the side wall 10, when the supply of electric power is stopped and the vent 20 is opened, the possibility that air may partially stay in the poultry house is reduced. Natural ventilation can be performed smoothly.
更に、本実施形態では、電力の供給が停止したとき側壁10の上部で開放する通気口20に加えて、電力の供給が停止したとき側壁10の下部で開放する下部開口50を備えていることにより、鶏舎内で暖められた空気が通気口20から排出されるのに伴い下部開口50から外気が流入するため、極めてスムーズに自然換気を行うことができる。
Furthermore, in this embodiment, in addition to the vent 20 that opens at the top of the side wall 10 when the supply of power is stopped, a lower opening 50 that opens at the bottom of the side wall 10 when the supply of power is stopped is provided. Accordingly, since the outside air flows from the lower opening 50 as the air warmed in the poultry house is discharged from the vent hole 20, natural ventilation can be performed very smoothly.
加えて、電力が供給されている通常時の強制換気と、電力の供給が停止したときの自然換気との双方が、同一の設備を用いて行われるため、鶏舎の設備を有効に活用できると共に、換気構造1の構築のために要するコストを節減することができる。
In addition, both the forced ventilation during normal power supply and natural ventilation when the power supply is stopped are performed using the same equipment, so the poultry house equipment can be used effectively. The cost required for the construction of the ventilation structure 1 can be reduced.
以上、本発明について好適な実施形態を挙げて説明したが、本発明は上記の実施形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲において、種々の改良及び設計の変更が可能である。
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various improvements and design changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. It is.
例えば、上記では、妻面に形成された入気口がクーリングパッドで被覆されている場合を例示したが、夏季の温度がさほど高くない地域など、クーリングパッドに代替して、遮光通気部材で入気口を被覆してもよい。
For example, in the above, the case where the air inlet formed in the wife surface is covered with the cooling pad is illustrated, but instead of the cooling pad, such as in a region where the temperature in summer is not so high, a light shielding ventilation member is used. The mouth may be covered.
また、通気調整装置として、回動板の回動により通気口を片開き状に開閉する構成を例示したが、これに限定されず、通気口を両開き状に開閉する構成とすることができる。
In addition, although the configuration in which the vent is opened and closed in a single-opening manner by the rotation of the rotating plate is illustrated as the ventilation adjusting device, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the vent may be configured to open and close in a double-opening manner.
なお、電力の供給が停止したとき、直ちに通気口及び下部開口が開放される場合を例示したが、自家発電など、商業電源による電力の供給が停止しても、一定時間は自力で電力の供給を継続できる設備を鶏舎が備えている場合は、自力での電力の供給が停止したときに、通気口及び下部開口が開放される構成とすることができる。
Although the case where the vent and the lower opening are immediately opened when the power supply is stopped is illustrated, even if the power supply by the commercial power source such as private power generation stops, the power supply by itself for a certain time When the poultry house is equipped with equipment that can continue the operation, when the supply of power by itself is stopped, the vent and the lower opening can be opened.
Although the case where the vent and the lower opening are immediately opened when the power supply is stopped is illustrated, even if the power supply by the commercial power source such as private power generation stops, the power supply by itself for a certain time When the poultry house is equipped with equipment that can continue the operation, when the supply of power by itself is stopped, the vent and the lower opening can be opened.
Claims (3)
- 鶏舎の壁体の上部に形成された通気口と、
該通気口を開閉し、電力の供給が停止したときに前記通気口を開放する通気調整装置と、
前記通気口を被覆している遮光通気部材とを具備し、
該遮光通気部材には、間隔をあけて並設された複数の薄板材の湾曲、屈曲、及び傾斜の少なくとも何れかにより、光は通過しないが空気は自然通過する通気空間が形成されている
ことを特徴とする鶏舎の換気構造。 A vent formed in the upper part of the wall of the poultry house;
A ventilation control device that opens and closes the vent and opens the vent when power supply is stopped;
A light shielding ventilation member covering the ventilation hole,
The light shielding ventilation member has a ventilation space through which light does not pass but air naturally passes by at least one of bending, bending, and tilting of a plurality of thin plates arranged in parallel at intervals. Ventilation structure of a poultry house characterized by - 前記通気口が形成された前記壁体とは異なる鶏舎の壁体に形成された排気口と、
該排気口に取り付けられた排気ファンとを更に具備し、
前記通気口は、前記壁体の全長にわたり設けられていると共に、複数のユニットに分割されており、
前記通気調整装置は、前記ユニットごとに設けられていると共に、前記ユニットごとに前記通気口の開度を調整可能である
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の鶏舎の換気構造。 An exhaust port formed in a wall of a poultry house different from the wall in which the vent is formed;
An exhaust fan attached to the exhaust port,
The vent is provided over the entire length of the wall body and is divided into a plurality of units.
2. The poultry house ventilation structure according to claim 1, wherein the ventilation adjustment device is provided for each of the units, and the opening degree of the ventilation hole can be adjusted for each of the units. - 請求項2に記載の鶏舎の換気構造を使用した鶏舎の換気方法であって、
電力が供給されているときは、
前記通気口を開閉し、前記通気口からの空気の取り込み及びその停止を切り換えると共に、前記通気口から空気を取り込む際の前記通気口の開度を調整し、
電力の供給が停止したときは、
前記通気口を開放し、前記通気口を介して換気を行う
ことを特徴とする鶏舎の換気方法。
A poultry house ventilation method using the poultry house ventilation structure according to claim 2,
When power is being supplied,
Opening and closing the vent, switching the intake and stop of air from the vent, and adjusting the opening of the vent when taking air from the vent,
When power supply stops,
A ventilating method for a poultry house, wherein the vent is opened and ventilation is performed through the vent.
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US11191255B2 (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2021-12-07 | New Hope Liuhe Feed Co., Ltd. | Premixed ventilated henhouse |
CN117461562A (en) * | 2023-12-26 | 2024-01-30 | 四川省畜牧科学研究院 | Building pig farm environmental control system |
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