WO2015154437A1 - 一种支持载波聚合的方法及终端 - Google Patents

一种支持载波聚合的方法及终端 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015154437A1
WO2015154437A1 PCT/CN2014/089508 CN2014089508W WO2015154437A1 WO 2015154437 A1 WO2015154437 A1 WO 2015154437A1 CN 2014089508 W CN2014089508 W CN 2014089508W WO 2015154437 A1 WO2015154437 A1 WO 2015154437A1
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Prior art keywords
antenna switch
output
terminal
antenna
input end
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PCT/CN2014/089508
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English (en)
French (fr)
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牛慧
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2015154437A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015154437A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/02—Terminal devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a method and a terminal for supporting carrier aggregation.
  • CA Carrier Aggregation
  • the CA aggregates multiple consecutive or non-contiguous carriers to form a carrier with a larger bandwidth (for example, the currently supported maximum aggregate bandwidth is 100 MHz) to meet the throughput of User Equipment (UE). Peak rate requirements.
  • UE User Equipment
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional RF transmission/reception link that does not support the CA scheme, and includes a baseband integrated circuit (BBIC), a radio frequency integrated circuit (RFICs), and a radio frequency front end. Device and an antenna;
  • BBIC baseband integrated circuit
  • RFICs radio frequency integrated circuit
  • the baseband processing chip is used to synthesize the baseband signal to be transmitted or to decode the baseband signal received from the radio frequency module; at the same time, it is also responsible for controlling and managing the entire terminal, including Timing control, digital system control, man-machine interface management and control, and RF device control.
  • the radio frequency chip module is configured to transmit to the base station by using multiple component carriers, and receive the wireless signal from the base station; that is, mainly complete modulation of the transmitted digital baseband signal to meet the required radio frequency index for transmission in space; Demodulating the spatially received RF signal to convert it into a digital baseband signal is performed by the baseband chip module to perform related data operations.
  • the RF front-end device mainly includes a power amplifier (Power Amplifier, abbreviated as PA), a duplexer (Duplexer), and an antenna switch (Switch), which completes amplification and filtering of the transmitted signal, and is transmitted by the antenna after being switched by the antenna; Filtering the signal received by the antenna and then entering the RF chip module for demodulation.
  • PA Power Amplifier
  • Duplexer duplexer
  • Switch antenna switch
  • the antenna switch and the antenna are connected via a matching network (Matching Network, MN for short) and an antenna feed point (Antenna Feed Point, FP for short).
  • MN Matching Network
  • FP Antenna Feed Point
  • the radio frequency chip modules modulate the baseband signal output by the baseband processing chip (BBIC) onto the high frequency carrier signal, and output a lower power radio frequency signal to the power amplifier PA for RF signal amplification.
  • the output power of the terminal meets the requirements of the 3GPP or the operator.
  • the high-power RF signal output by the PA is sent to the antenna through the antenna switch (Switch), radiated to the free space, and wirelessly communicates with the base station system.
  • the antenna transmits the downlink signal transmitted by the base station antenna to the duplexer after passing through the antenna switch, and then reaches the receiving end of the RF transceiver chip through the receiving link, and performs down-conversion and demodulation inside the RF chip. It becomes a baseband signal and is transmitted to the baseband chip for information processing.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the current RF transmit/receive link supporting CA.
  • the intermediate frequency/high frequency and low frequency transmit signals are transmitted from the two ports (M/HB, LB) after the main switch.
  • the output is passed through an antenna splitter (Diplexer) added after the main switch, and signals of different frequencies are transmitted through the antenna. For signal reception, and vice versa.
  • Diplexer antenna splitter
  • the path loss of the wireless link increases.
  • the main RF framework of the system supporting CA is compared with the RF part of the system that does not support CA.
  • a duplexer (Diplexer) is added after the transmission/reception of each frequency band.
  • the Diplexer itself generates Path Loss; especially at high frequencies, this path loss is still relatively large.
  • the increase in the path loss of the radio link affects the uplink transmit power of the UE and the downlink receive sensitivity of the UE.
  • the transmit power of the UE directly affects important indicators such as the performance of the cell edge and the spectrum efficiency of the system; in the downlink of the wireless communication system, the receiving sensitivity of the UE directly affects the user experience and Customer service quality.
  • the existing RF architecture is achievable because its RF signal is still in one frequency band, but its bandwidth is wider than the existing widest bandwidth (20MHz), and the spectrum of its signal may be Discontinuous, this will result in increased out-of-band spurs.
  • duplex with higher isolation is required; for the TDD system, a filter with higher out-of-band rejection is required.
  • the emission (low frequency) harmonics will cause interference to the downstream (high frequency) of the aggregation.
  • the broadband antenna has poor suppression when the low-frequency transmission is out of band, and the antenna cannot provide better when the harmonic falls within the middle frequency band. Degree of inhibition.
  • the embodiments of the present invention provide a method and a terminal for supporting carrier aggregation, which can save the Dieter on the radio link, which can significantly reduce the path loss of the radio link and improve the radio frequency performance of the terminal.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a terminal supporting carrier aggregation, including a radio frequency front end device, where the radio frequency front end device includes an antenna switch, and further includes a multi-band antenna component, the multi-band antenna The component supports N working frequency bands, and the multi-band antenna assembly includes: a radiator, N feed points, and N matching networks; wherein:
  • the radiator is electrically connected to the N feeding points, and each of the N feeding points is electrically connected to an output end of the antenna switch through a matching network, the antenna switch includes N outputs, N is an integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • the terminal supports M frequency bands
  • the antenna switch includes M input ends, and one or more input ends correspond to one output end;
  • the N output ends of the antenna switch are connected to the M input terminals in a switching selection or direct connection, and M is greater than or equal to N.
  • the multi-band antenna component supports two working frequency bands, including two feeding points electrically connected to the radiator and two matching networks respectively connected to the two feeding points, and the two matching networks respectively Connected to the first output and the second output of the antenna switch.
  • the terminal supports three frequency bands of a low frequency, an intermediate frequency, and a high frequency
  • the antenna switch includes a low frequency input end, an intermediate frequency input end, and a high frequency input end;
  • the first output end of the antenna switch is connected to the high frequency input end or the intermediate frequency input end in a switching selection manner, and the second output end of the antenna switch is in communication with the low frequency input end.
  • the multi-band antenna component supports three working frequency bands, including three feeding points electrically connected to the radiator and three matching networks respectively connected to the three feeding points, and the three matching networks respectively Connected to the first output, the second output, and the third output of the antenna switch.
  • the terminal supports three frequency bands of a low frequency, an intermediate frequency, and a high frequency
  • the antenna switch includes a low frequency input end, an intermediate frequency input end, and a high frequency input end;
  • the first output end of the antenna switch is in communication with the high frequency input end
  • the second output end of the antenna switch is in communication with the intermediate frequency input end
  • the third output end of the antenna switch is The low frequency input is connected.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for supporting carrier aggregation, including:
  • the multi-band antenna component supporting N working frequency bands, including: a radiator, N feed points, and N matching networks, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2;
  • the antenna Switch includes N outputs.
  • the terminal supports M frequency bands
  • the antenna switch includes M input ends; and one or more input ends correspond to one output end;
  • the method further includes: when the terminal is in operation, connecting the N output ends of the antenna switch to the M input ends in a switching selection or direct connection, where M is greater than or equal to N.
  • the multi-band antenna component supports two working frequency bands
  • the antenna switch includes: a first output end and a second output end;
  • the electrically connecting the radiator to the N feed points, and electrically connecting each of the N feed points to an output of the antenna switch through a matching network including :
  • the radiator is electrically connected to two feeding points, and two matching networks respectively connected to the two feeding points are respectively connected to the first output end and the second output end of the antenna switch.
  • the terminal supports three frequency bands of a low frequency, an intermediate frequency, and a high frequency
  • the antenna switch includes a low frequency input end, an intermediate frequency input end, and a high frequency input end;
  • the method further includes: when the terminal is in operation, connecting the first output end of the antenna switch to the high frequency input end or the intermediate frequency input end in a switching selection manner, and the second output end of the antenna switch is The low frequency input is connected.
  • the multi-band antenna component supports three working frequency bands
  • the antenna switch includes: a first output end, a second output end, and a third output end;
  • the electrically connecting the radiator to the N feed points, and electrically connecting each of the N feed points to an output of the antenna switch through a matching network including :
  • the radiator is electrically connected to three feeding points, and three matching networks respectively connected to the three feeding points are respectively connected to the first output end, the second output end and the third output end of the antenna switch ;
  • the terminal supports three frequency bands of a low frequency, an intermediate frequency, and a high frequency
  • the antenna switch includes a low frequency input end, an intermediate frequency input end, and a high frequency input end;
  • the method further includes: when the terminal is in operation, connecting the first output end of the antenna switch to the high frequency input end, and connecting the second output end of the antenna switch to the intermediate frequency input end, A third output of the antenna switch is in communication with the low frequency input.
  • the method and terminal for supporting carrier aggregation can save the Dieter on the radio link by using a multi-band antenna, which can significantly reduce the path loss of the radio link and improve the radio frequency performance of the terminal.
  • a multi-band antenna with a finer band division is selected correspondingly, and the operating frequency range (band width) of each of the multi-band antennas is subdivided so that each individual operating band width Narrowing, which can increase the efficiency of each frequency band only within its own operating frequency range, and reduce efficiency outside its own operating frequency range, thereby reducing interference to other bands outside the band, reducing interference that may be caused by carrier aggregation, and thus improving The quality of the communication system.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional RF transmitting/receiving link that does not support a CA scheme
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a principle of a radio frequency transmitting/receiving link supporting a CA by a related art
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal supporting a CA in this embodiment
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal supporting a preferred application example of CA
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal supporting another preferred application example of CA
  • FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a method of supporting CA in an embodiment.
  • the terminal supporting carrier aggregation utilizes the design of the multi-band antenna, replaces the Triplexer in the terminal, and implements the function of the Diplexer by using the multi-matching network and the multi-feed point.
  • the embodiment provides a terminal for supporting carrier aggregation, which includes: a baseband processing chip BBIC, a radio frequency chip module RFICs, and a radio frequency front end device as shown in FIG. a band antenna assembly, the multi-band antenna assembly supporting N operating bands, the multi-band antenna
  • the components include: a radiator, N feed points, and N matching networks;
  • the radiator is electrically connected to the N feeding points, and each of the N feeding points is electrically connected to an output end of the antenna switch through a matching network, the antenna switch includes N outputs, N is an integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • the terminal supports M frequency bands, and the antenna switch includes M input ends; one or more input ends correspond to one output end;
  • the terminal refers specifically to the components connected to the input end of the antenna switch, for example, the baseband processing chip BBIC and the RF chip module RFICs. Since the BBIC and the RFICs support M frequency bands, the signals processed by the BBIC and the RFICs (with M frequency bands) are processed. Input from the input terminals of the M corresponding frequency bands of the antenna switch.
  • the baseband processing chip BBIC and the RF chip module RFICs Since the BBIC and the RFICs support M frequency bands, the signals processed by the BBIC and the RFICs (with M frequency bands) are processed. Input from the input terminals of the M corresponding frequency bands of the antenna switch.
  • the N output ends of the antenna switch are connected to the M input terminals in a switching selection or direct connection, and M is greater than or equal to N.
  • the communication in the manner of switching selection means that any one of the M input terminals can be connected according to the selection of the frequency band and any one of the N output terminals.
  • the frequency band supported by the terminal is divided into high frequency (HB), intermediate frequency (MB) and low frequency (LB) according to the radio wave frequency;
  • the antenna switch has two outputs, and the high frequency and the intermediate frequency can be used as one output end (M/ HB), the low frequency is used as an output (LB); or, the antenna switch has 3 outputs, the antenna switch can use the high frequency as an output (HB), the intermediate frequency as an output (MB), and the low frequency as An output (LB).
  • the frequency band outputted by the switch output terminal can be further divided, for example, the low frequency band is 698 to 960 MHz, the middle frequency band is 1710 to 2170 MHz, and the high frequency band is 2300 to 2690 MHz.
  • the switch output can also output more frequency bands. For example, it can also output 4 signals, 5 different frequency signals, and so on.
  • the working frequency band of the multi-band antenna component corresponds to an operating frequency band of the antenna switch output signal. That is to say, in this embodiment, the antenna switch has several output ends (ie, corresponding to several working frequency bands), and correspondingly, the multi-band antenna corresponding to the number of output bands of the antenna switch is selected.
  • the multi-band antenna assembly supports two working frequency bands, including two feeding points electrically connected to the radiator and two matching networks respectively connected to the two feeding points, and the two matching networks. Matching networks are respectively connected to the first output and the second output of the antenna switch.
  • the terminal supports three frequency bands of low frequency, intermediate frequency and high frequency, and the antenna switch comprises a low frequency input end, an intermediate frequency input end and a high frequency input end;
  • the first output end of the antenna switch is connected to the high frequency input end or the intermediate frequency input end in a switching selection manner, and the second output end of the antenna switch is in communication with the low frequency input end.
  • the multi-band antenna assembly supports three working frequency bands, including three feeding points electrically connected to the radiator and three matching networks respectively connected to the three feeding points, and the three matching networks.
  • the matching networks are respectively connected to the first output, the second output and the third output of the antenna switch.
  • the terminal supports three frequency bands of low frequency, intermediate frequency and high frequency, and the antenna switch comprises a low frequency input end, an intermediate frequency input end and a high frequency input end;
  • the first output end of the antenna switch is in communication with the high frequency input end
  • the second output end of the antenna switch is in communication with the intermediate frequency input end
  • the third output end of the antenna switch is The low frequency input is connected.
  • the antenna switch selects which output terminal the carrier signal is output from, so as to determine the corresponding antenna feeding point; the corresponding radiator of the multi-band antenna connected to the feeding point and the multi-band antenna connected thereto radiates the signal,
  • the radiated signal operates on the corresponding frequency band of the multi-band antenna.
  • the multi-band antenna utilizes the parasitic strip 1 to cooperate with the radiating branch 1 to extend the bandwidth of the multi-band antenna to receive the low-band signal to enhance its ability to receive low-band signals; the parasitic strip 2 is coupled to the radiating branch 2, Extending the bandwidth of the multi-band antenna to receive the mid-band signal to enhance its ability to receive the mid-band signal; and the multi-band antenna cooperates with the radiating branch 3 using the parasitic strip 3 to extend the multi-band antenna to receive the high-band signal Bandwidth to enhance its ability to receive high frequency band signals. Therefore, the multi-band antenna has a wider receiving range and a stronger receiving capability.
  • the design of the multi-band antenna radiator is prior art and will not be described further herein.
  • a multi-band antenna can have characteristics of multiple operating frequency bands, and multiple feeders are designed. Point, different signals are transmitted/received from different feed points, directly corresponding to different ports of the antenna switch. That is, in the carrier aggregation system, the function implemented by the Diplexer on the radio frequency link is completed by the multi-band antenna component, thereby eliminating the Diplexer, reducing the path loss of the radio link, and improving the radio frequency performance of the terminal.
  • 4 and 5 are schematic diagrams of terminal structures of two preferred application examples supporting CA.
  • the antenna switch has two outputs, a high/intermediate frequency (M/HB) output and a low frequency (LB) output, using a multi-band antenna supporting two frequency bands, two The matching network and two feed points are used to support the IF/HF and LF, respectively.
  • M/HB high/intermediate frequency
  • LB low frequency
  • the Diplexer in the current terminal CA scheme can be omitted, the radio link path loss can be reduced, and the radio frequency performance of the terminal can be improved;
  • the multi-band antenna since the multi-band antenna is used, the operating frequency range of each frequency band is narrow, so The degree of suppression outside the bandwidth is increased, thereby reducing interference that may occur between different frequency bands during carrier aggregation.
  • the antenna switch has three output terminals, a high frequency (HB) output terminal, an intermediate frequency (MB) output terminal, and a low frequency (LB) output terminal.
  • HB high frequency
  • MB intermediate frequency
  • LB low frequency
  • the design of the multi-band antenna band is further refined, and three bands are used to support the high frequency, the intermediate frequency, and the low frequency, respectively.
  • the transmission signals of each carrier are output from different ports through the antenna switch, and then sent to different antenna feeding points, radiated to the free space via the antenna, and wirelessly communicate with the base station system; and the received signals are different. After receiving the different ports of the antenna switch, the antenna feed point is sent to the receiving link.
  • the antenna performance can be optimized to make the operating frequency range of each frequency band narrower.
  • the interference outside the bandwidth is smaller, thereby optimizing the reduction of interference between different frequency bands during carrier aggregation.
  • this embodiment provides a method for supporting carrier aggregation, including the following steps:
  • the antenna switch includes N outputs.
  • the terminal supports M frequency bands, and the antenna switch includes M input ends; one or more input ends correspond to one output end; the terminal here refers specifically to a component connected to the antenna switch input end, for example, a baseband Processing chip BBIC and RF chip module RFICs;
  • the method further includes: when the terminal is in operation, connecting the N output ends of the antenna switch to the M input ends in a switching selection or direct connection, where M is greater than or equal to N.
  • the multi-band antenna assembly supports two working frequency bands
  • the antenna switch includes: a first output end and a second output end;
  • the electrically connecting the radiator to the N feed points, and electrically connecting each of the N feed points to an output of the antenna switch through a matching network including :
  • the radiator is electrically connected to two feeding points, and two matching networks respectively connected to the two feeding points are respectively connected to the first output end and the second output end of the antenna switch.
  • the terminal supports three frequency bands of low frequency, intermediate frequency and high frequency, and the antenna switch comprises a low frequency input end, an intermediate frequency input end and a high frequency input end;
  • the method further includes: when the terminal is in operation, connecting the first output end of the antenna switch to the high frequency input end or the intermediate frequency input end in a switching selection manner, and the second output end of the antenna switch is The low frequency input is connected.
  • the multi-band antenna assembly supports three working frequency bands
  • the antenna switch includes: a first output end, a second output end, and a third output end;
  • the electrically connecting the radiator to the N feed points, and electrically connecting each of the N feed points to an output of the antenna switch through a matching network including :
  • the radiator is electrically connected to three feeding points, and three matching networks respectively connected to the three feeding points are respectively connected to the first output end, the second output end and the third output end of the antenna switch ;
  • the terminal supports three frequency bands of low frequency, intermediate frequency and high frequency, and the antenna switch comprises a low frequency input end, an intermediate frequency input end and a high frequency input end;
  • the method further includes: when the terminal is in operation, connecting the first output end of the antenna switch to the high frequency input end, and connecting the second output end of the antenna switch to the intermediate frequency input end, A third output of the antenna switch is in communication with the low frequency input.
  • the method and terminal for supporting carrier aggregation provided in the foregoing embodiments can eliminate the Triplexer on the radio frequency link by using a multi-band antenna, which can significantly reduce the path loss of the radio link.
  • a multi-band antenna which can significantly reduce the path loss of the radio link.
  • the frequency band of the antenna switch output is divided into multiple, correspondingly select a multi-band antenna with a finer band division, and the operating frequency range (band width) of each of the multi-band antennas is subdivided.
  • the efficiency of each frequency band can be improved only within the range of its own operating frequency range, and the efficiency is reduced outside the range of its own operating frequency, thereby reducing interference to other bands outside the band and reducing carrier aggregation. Interference that may be caused, thereby improving the quality of the communication system.
  • the method and terminal for supporting carrier aggregation can save the Dieter on the radio link by using a multi-band antenna, which can significantly reduce the path loss of the radio link and improve the radio frequency performance of the terminal.
  • a multi-band antenna with a finer band division is selected correspondingly, and the operating frequency range (band width) of each of the multi-band antennas is subdivided so that each individual operating band width Narrowing, which can increase the efficiency of each frequency band only within its own operating frequency range, and reduce efficiency outside its own operating frequency range, thereby reducing interference to other bands outside the band, reducing interference that may be caused by carrier aggregation, and thus improving The quality of the communication system.

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Abstract

一种支持载波聚合的方法及终端，所述终端，包括射频前端器件，所述射频前端器件包括天线开关，还包括多频带天线组件，所述多频带天线组件支持N个工作频带，所述多频带天线组件包括：辐射体、N个馈电点和N个匹配网络；其中：所述辐射体与所述N个馈电点电连接，所述N个馈电点中的每一馈电点通过一匹配网络电连接至所述天线开关的一输出端，所述天线开关包括N个输出端，N为大于或等于2的整数。

Description

一种支持载波聚合的方法及终端 技术领域
本发明涉及通信领域，具体涉及一种支持载波聚合的方法及终端。
背景技术
随着通信技术高速发展，目前以LTE为代表的第4代移动通信正在普及应用，移动终端的数量和吞吐量的需求也在日益增加。目前，移动通信的主要需求来自于移动互联网的快速发展，特别是智能终端的发展激发了移动通信数据业务量的猛增。未来将有更多类型的终端引入达到移动通信网络中，移动通信终端的数量将远远超过人口数量，数据业务成为绝对的主流。
为了提高移动通信***容量及数据吞吐量，在过去的30多年里，使用的方法主要有3个：增加无线传输的带宽、提高无线传输链路的频谱效率和增加小区密度。在当今无线频谱资源日趋紧张的情况下，更宽传输带宽的需求将会成为影响进一步演进的重要因素之一，为此第三代合作伙伴计划(3rd Generation Partnership Project，简称3GPP)在LTE-Advanced***中，提出了载波聚合(Carrier Aggregation，CA)技术，以提高***上下行传输速率等性能。
CA是通过将多个连续或非连续的载波进行聚合，形成更大带宽的载波(例如，目前支持的最大聚合带宽为100MHz)，以满足提升用户设备(User Equipment，简称UE)对吞吐量和峰值速率的要求。
图1是传统不支持CA方案的射频发射/接收链路原理示意图，其主要包含基带处理芯片(Base Band Integrated Circuit，简称BBIC)、射频芯片模组(Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits，简称RFICs)、射频前端器件和一个天线；
其中，基带处理芯片用来合成即将发射的基带信号，或对从射频模块接收到的基带信号进行解码；同时，也负责对整个终端进行控制和管理，包括 定时控制、数字***控制，人机接口的管理和控制以及射频器件控制等。
射频芯片模组，用于通过多个分量载波向基站发射，以及从基站接收无线信号；即主要完成对发射数字基带信号的调制，使其满足发射所需求的射频指标以便于在空间传输；同时对空间接收的射频信号进行解调，使之变换成数字基带信号由基带芯片模块来完成相关数据操作。
射频前端器件，主要包括功率放大器(Power Amplifier，简称，PA)、双工器(Duplexer)和天线开关(Switch)，完成对发射信号的放大、滤波，并经过天线开关后由天线发射出去；完成对天线接收到的信号的滤波，然后进入射频芯片模块进行解调。
天线开关与天线经由一个匹配网络(Matching Network，简称MN)和一个天线馈电点(Antenna Feed Point，简称FP)连接。
在发射链路上，射频芯片模组(RFICs)将基带处理芯片(BBIC)输出的基带信号调制到高频载波信号上，并输出较小功率的射频信号至功率放大器PA进行射频信号放大，提高终端的输出功率以满足3GPP或运营商的要求。PA输出的高功率射频信号经过天线开关(Switch)，送至天线，辐射至自由空间，与基站***进行无线通信。
在接收链路上，天线将接收到的基站天线发射的下行信号，经过天线开关后送至双工器，然后通过接收链路到达射频收发芯片接收端，在射频芯片内部进行下变频，解调成为基带信号，并传送至基带芯片进行信息处理。
在这种设计中，多使用宽带天线及多频共天馈的来方式实现。
图2是目前支持CA的射频发射/接收链路原理示意图，与传统不支持CA的方案相比，这里中频/高频和低频发射信号经主开关后，从两个端口(M/HB，LB)输出，再经过在主开关后增加的天线共用器(Diplexer)，不同频率的信号通过天线发射出去。对于信号接收，反之亦然。
与传统射频链路相似的是，这里一般仍只需一根天线，通过开关切换和Diplexer来支持所有频段，这种方案需要宽频天线的工作频率范围较宽。
目前，支持载波聚合技术的终端存在如下问题：
其一，无线链路的路径损耗的增大。目前支持CA的***的主要射频框架与原来不支持CA的***射频部分相比，各频段发射/接收的开关后会增加一个双工器(Diplexer)，如图2所示，这个Diplexer自身会产生路径损耗(Path Loss)；特别是在高频的时候，这个路径损耗还比较大。无线链路的路径损耗的增大会影响UE的上行发射功率和UE的下行接收灵敏度。在无线通信***的上行链路中，UE的发射功率直接影响着小区边缘性能及***的频谱效率等重要指标；在无线通信***的下行链路中，UE的接收灵敏度则直接影响到用户体验和客户服务质量。
其二，载波聚合可能引起的干扰。对于频段内的载波聚合，由于其射频信号还处于一个频带内，现有的射频架构是可以实现的，但其带宽比现有的最宽带宽(20MHz)更宽，而且其信号的频谱可能是不连续的，这将导致带外杂散增加。这意味着，对于FDD制式，要求更高隔离度的双工；对于TDD制式，要求更高带外抑制的滤波器。对于频段间的聚合，发射(低频)的谐波会对聚合下行(高频)造成干扰。比如说，当需要支持两个频段(一个中频，一个低频)的载波聚合时，宽频天线存在当低频发射带外抑制不好，谐波刚好落入中频带内时，天线就无法提供较好的抑制度。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种支持载波聚合的方法及终端，可以将射频链路上的Diplexer省去，这样能够明显降低无线链路的路径损耗，提高终端的射频性能。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明实施例提供了一种支持载波聚合的终端，包括射频前端器件，所述射频前端器件包括天线开关，其特征在于，还包括多频带天线组件，所述多频带天线组件支持N个工作频带，所述多频带天线组件包括：辐射体、N个馈电点和N个匹配网络；其中：
所述辐射体与所述N个馈电点电连接，所述N个馈电点中的每一馈电点通过一匹配网络电连接至所述天线开关的一输出端，所述天线开关包括N个输出端，N为大于或等于2的整数。
可选地，所述终端支持M个频段，所述天线开关包括M个输入端；一个或多个输入端对应到一个输出端；
终端工作时，所述天线开关的N个输出端以切换选择或直连的方式与所述M个输入端连通，M大于或等于N。
可选地，所述多频带天线组件支持两个工作频带，包括与辐射体电连接的2个馈电点及与该2个馈电点分别连接的2个匹配网络，该2个匹配网络分别连接至所述天线开关的第一输出端和第二输出端。
可选地，所述终端支持低频、中频和高频三个频段，所述天线开关包括低频输入端、中频输入端和高频输入端；
终端工作时，所述天线开关的第一输出端以切换选择的方式与所述高频输入端或中频输入端连通，所述天线开关的第二输出端与所述低频输入端连通。
可选地，所述多频带天线组件支持三个工作频带，包括与辐射体电连接的3个馈电点及与该3个馈电点分别连接的3个匹配网络，该3个匹配网络分别连接至所述天线开关的第一输出端、第二输出端和第三输出端。
可选地，所述终端支持低频、中频和高频三个频段，所述天线开关包括低频输入端、中频输入端和高频输入端；
终端工作时，所述天线开关的第一输出端与所述高频输入端连通，所述天线开关的第二输出端与所述中频输入端连通，所述天线开关的第三输出端与所述低频输入端连通。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明实施例还提供了一种支持载波聚合的方法，包括：
在支持载波聚合的终端中增加多频带天线组件，所述多频带天线组件支持N个工作频带，包括：辐射体、N个馈电点和N个匹配网络，N为大于或等于2的整数；
将所述辐射体与所述N个馈电点电连接，将所述N个馈电点中的每一馈电点通过一匹配网络电连接至所述天线开关的一输出端，所述天线开关包括 N个输出端。
可选地，所述终端支持M个频带，所述天线开关包括M个输入端；一个或多个输入端对应到一个输出端；
所述方法还包括：终端工作时，将所述天线开关的N个输出端以切换选择或直连的方式与所述M个输入端连通，M大于或等于N。
可选地，所述多频带天线组件支持两个工作频带，所述天线开关包括：第一输出端和第二输出端；
所述将所述辐射体与所述N个馈电点电连接，将所述N个馈电点中的每一馈电点通过一匹配网络电连接至所述天线开关的一输出端，包括：
将所述辐射体与2个馈电点电连接，与该2个馈电点分别连接的2个匹配网络分别连接至所述天线开关的第一输出端和第二输出端。
可选地，所述终端支持低频、中频和高频三个频带，所述天线开关包括低频输入端、中频输入端和高频输入端；
所述方法还包括：终端工作时，将所述天线开关的第一输出端以切换选择的方式与所述高频输入端或中频输入端连通，将所述天线开关的第二输出端与所述低频输入端连通。
可选地，所述多频带天线组件支持三个工作频带，所述天线开关包括：第一输出端、第二输出端和第三输出端；
所述将所述辐射体与所述N个馈电点电连接，将所述N个馈电点中的每一馈电点通过一匹配网络电连接至所述天线开关的一输出端，包括：
将所述辐射体与3个馈电点电连接，与该3个馈电点分别连接的3个匹配网络分别连接至所述天线开关的第一输出端、第二输出端和第三输出端；
可选地，所述终端支持低频、中频和高频三个频带，所述天线开关包括低频输入端、中频输入端和高频输入端；
所述方法还包括：终端工作时，将所述天线开关的第一输出端与所述高频输入端连通，将所述天线开关的第二输出端与所述中频输入端连通，将所 述天线开关的第三输出端与所述低频输入端连通。
本发明实施例提供的支持载波聚合的方法及终端，由于使用多频带天线，从而可以将射频链路上的Diplexer省去，这样能够明显降低无线链路的路径损耗，提高终端的射频性能；其次，当天线开关输出的频带划分为多个时，相应地选择频带划分更细的多频带天线，多频带天线中每个频带的工作频率范围(频带宽度)细分，使得各个单独的工作频带宽度变窄，这可以使得各频带仅在自己工作频率范围以内的效率提高，而在自己工作频率范围以外效率降低，从而降低对带外其他频段的干扰，降低载波聚合时可能引起的干扰，进而提高通信***的质量。
附图概述
图1是传统不支持CA方案的射频发射/接收链路原理示意图；
图2是相关技术支持CA的射频发射/接收链路原理示意图；
图3是本实施例中支持CA的终端结构示意图；
图4是支持CA的一个优选应用示例的终端结构示意图；
图5是支持CA的另一个优选应用示例的终端结构示意图；
图6是实施例中支持CA的方法流程图。
本发明的较佳实施方式
下文中将结合附图对本发明的实施例进行详细说明。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互任意组合。
实施例：
本实施例提供的支持载波聚合的终端利用多频带天线的设计，在终端中替换Diplexer，采用多匹配网络和多馈电点实现了Diplexer的功能。如图3所示，本实施例提供了一种支持载波聚合的终端，除了包括：如图2中所示的基带处理芯片BBIC、射频芯片模组RFICs、射频前端器件之外，还包括：多频带天线组件，所述多频带天线组件支持N个工作频带，所述多频带天线 组件包括：辐射体、N个馈电点和N个匹配网络；其中：
所述辐射体与所述N个馈电点电连接，所述N个馈电点中的每一馈电点通过一匹配网络电连接至所述天线开关的一输出端，所述天线开关包括N个输出端，N为大于或等于2的整数。
其中，所述终端支持M个频段，所述天线开关包括M个输入端；一个或多个输入端对应到一个输出端；
这里终端特别是指与天线开关输入端连接的部件，例如，基带处理芯片BBIC和射频芯片模组RFICs，由于BBIC和RFICs支持M个频段，经过BBIC和RFICs处理输出的信号(具有M个频段)从天线开关M个对应频段的输入端输入。
终端工作时，所述天线开关的N个输出端以切换选择或直连的方式与所述M个输入端连通，M大于或等于N。其中，以切换选择的方式连通是指M个输入端的任意一个可以根据频段的选择和N个输出端中的任意一个相连。
例如，根据无线电波频率将终端所支持频段分为高频(HB)、中频(MB)和低频(LB)；天线开关有2个输出端，可以将高频和中频作为一个输出端(M/HB)，将低频作为一个输出端(LB)；或者，天线开关有3个输出端，天线开关可以将高频作为一个输出端(HB)，将中频作为一个输出端(MB)，将低频作为一个输出端(LB)。又例如，根据终端所需要支持的载波聚合的频段，可以将开关输出端输出的频段进行更细的划分，比如划分低频段为698～960MHz，中频段为1710～2170MHz，高频段2300～2690MHz等，当然，开关输出端还可以输出更多的频段，例如，还可以输出4个、5个不同频端的信号等等。
其中，所述多频带天线组件的工作频带与所述天线开关输出信号的工作频段相对应。也就是说，在本实施例中，天线开关有几个输出端(即，对应几个工作频段)，则相应的，选择具有与天线开关输出频段个数对应的多频带天线。
作为一种优选的方式，所述多频带天线组件支持两个工作频带，包括与辐射体电连接的2个馈电点及与该2个馈电点分别连接的2个匹配网络，该2 个匹配网络分别连接至所述天线开关的第一输出端和第二输出端。
所述终端支持低频、中频和高频三个频段，所述天线开关包括低频输入端、中频输入端和高频输入端；
终端工作时，所述天线开关的第一输出端以切换选择的方式与所述高频输入端或中频输入端连通，所述天线开关的第二输出端与所述低频输入端连通。
作为另一种优选的方式，所述多频带天线组件支持三个工作频带，包括与辐射体电连接的3个馈电点及与该3个馈电点分别连接的3个匹配网络，该3个匹配网络分别连接至所述天线开关的第一输出端、第二输出端和第三输出端。
所述终端支持低频、中频和高频三个频段，所述天线开关包括低频输入端、中频输入端和高频输入端；
终端工作时，所述天线开关的第一输出端与所述高频输入端连通，所述天线开关的第二输出端与所述中频输入端连通，所述天线开关的第三输出端与所述低频输入端连通。
本实施例中，通过天线开关选择载波信号从哪个输出端输出，从而确定了对应的天线馈电点；经该馈电点和与其相连的所述多频带天线的对应辐射体将信号辐射出去，辐射出去的信号工作在多频带天线的对应频段上。
此外，信号的接收和发射，对于天线而言，都是类似的。因为不同的馈电点，对应天线走线的辐射体不同。比如说，多频带天线利用寄生条1与辐射分支1相配合，以扩展该多频带天线接收低频带信号的带宽以增强其接收低频带信号的能力；利用寄生条2与辐射分支2相配合，以扩展该多频带天线接收中频带信号的带宽以增强其接收中频带信号的能力；且该多频带天线利用寄生条3与辐射分支3相配合，以扩展该多频带天线接收高频带信号的带宽以增强其接收高频带信号的能力。因此，该多频带天线的接收范围更广，接收能力更强。多频带天线辐射体的设计是现有技术，这里不做更多描述。
本实施例利用多频带天线可以拥有多个工作频带的特性，设计多个馈电 点，不同的信号从不同的馈电点发射/接收，直接对应着天线开关不同的端口。即，在载波聚合***中，射频链路上的Diplexer实现的功能由多频带天线组件来完成，从而可以省去Diplexer，降低无线链路的路径损耗，提高终端的射频性能。
图4和图5是两个支持CA的优选应用示例的终端结构示意图。
在一个应用示例中，如图4所示，天线开关有2个输出端，高/中频(M/HB)输出端和低频(LB)输出端，使用支持两个频带的多频带天线、两个匹配网络和两个馈电点分别用以支持中频/高频和低频。这样做一方面，可以省去当前终端CA方案中的Diplexer，降低无线链路路径损耗，提高终端射频性能；另一方面，由于使用了多频带天线，每个频带的工作频率范围较窄，所以对于频带宽度外的抑制度就会提高，从而可降低载波聚合时不同频段之间可能引起的干扰。
在另一个应用示例中，如图5所示，与图4的方案类似，只是天线开关有3个输出端，高频(HB)输出端、中频(MB)输出端和低频(LB)输出端，本应用示例中将多频带天线频带的设计更加细化，利用三个频带分别用以支持高频、中频和低频。在载波聚合时，各载波的发射信号经天线开关从不同的端口输出后，送至不同的天线馈电点，经天线辐射至自由空间，与基站***进行无线通信；而接收信号，经不同的天线馈电点接收到天线开关不同的端口后，送至接收链路。这样在降低无线链路路径损耗的同时，可以优化天线性能，使每个频带的工作频率范围变得更窄。利用优化每个频带在自己频带宽度内的性能，使得在频带宽度外的干扰更小，从而更加优化降低载波聚合时不同频段之间的干扰。
如图6所示，本实施例提供了一种支持载波聚合的方法，包括以下步骤：
S101：在支持载波聚合的终端中增加多频带天线组件，所述多频带天线组件支持N个工作频带，包括：辐射体、N个馈电点和N个匹配网络，N为大于或等于2的整数；
S102：将所述辐射体与所述N个馈电点电连接，将所述N个馈电点中的每一馈电点通过一匹配网络电连接至所述天线开关的一输出端，所述天线开关包括N个输出端。
其中，所述终端支持M个频段，所述天线开关包括M个输入端；一个或多个输入端对应到一个输出端；这里的终端特别是指与天线开关输入端连接的部件，例如，基带处理芯片BBIC和射频芯片模组RFICs；
所述方法还包括：终端工作时，将所述天线开关的N个输出端以切换选择或直连的方式与所述M个输入端连通，M大于或等于N。
作为一种优选的方式，所述多频带天线组件支持两个工作频带，所述天线开关包括：第一输出端和第二输出端；
所述将所述辐射体与所述N个馈电点电连接，将所述N个馈电点中的每一馈电点通过一匹配网络电连接至所述天线开关的一输出端，包括：
将所述辐射体与2个馈电点电连接，与该2个馈电点分别连接的2个匹配网络分别连接至所述天线开关的第一输出端和第二输出端。
所述终端支持低频、中频和高频三个频段，所述天线开关包括低频输入端、中频输入端和高频输入端；
所述方法还包括：终端工作时，将所述天线开关的第一输出端以切换选择的方式与所述高频输入端或中频输入端连通，将所述天线开关的第二输出端与所述低频输入端连通。
作为另一种优选的方式，所述多频带天线组件支持三个工作频带，所述天线开关包括：第一输出端、第二输出端和第三输出端；
所述将所述辐射体与所述N个馈电点电连接，将所述N个馈电点中的每一馈电点通过一匹配网络电连接至所述天线开关的一输出端，包括：
将所述辐射体与3个馈电点电连接，与该3个馈电点分别连接的3个匹配网络分别连接至所述天线开关的第一输出端、第二输出端和第三输出端；
所述终端支持低频、中频和高频三个频段，所述天线开关包括低频输入端、中频输入端和高频输入端；
所述方法还包括：终端工作时，将所述天线开关的第一输出端与所述高频输入端连通，将所述天线开关的第二输出端与所述中频输入端连通，将所述天线开关的第三输出端与所述低频输入端连通。
从上述实施例可以看出，上述实施例中提供的支持载波聚合的方法及终端，由于使用多频带天线，从而可以将射频链路上的Diplexer省去，这样能够明显降低无线链路的路径损耗，提高终端的射频性能；其次，当天线开关输出的频带划分为多个时，相应地选择频带划分更细的多频带天线，多频带天线中每个频带的工作频率范围(频带宽度)细分，使得各个单独的工作频带宽度变窄，这可以使得各频带仅在自己工作频率范围以内的效率提高，而在自己工作频率范围以外效率降低，从而降低对带外其他频段的干扰，降低载波聚合时可能引起的干扰，进而提高通信***的质量。
工业实用性
本发明实施例提供的支持载波聚合的方法及终端，由于使用多频带天线，从而可以将射频链路上的Diplexer省去，这样能够明显降低无线链路的路径损耗，提高终端的射频性能；其次，当天线开关输出的频带划分为多个时，相应地选择频带划分更细的多频带天线，多频带天线中每个频带的工作频率范围(频带宽度)细分，使得各个单独的工作频带宽度变窄，这可以使得各频带仅在自己工作频率范围以内的效率提高，而在自己工作频率范围以外效率降低，从而降低对带外其他频段的干扰，降低载波聚合时可能引起的干扰，进而提高通信***的质量。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种支持载波聚合的终端，包括射频前端器件，所述射频前端器件包括天线开关，所述终端还包括多频带天线组件，所述多频带天线组件支持N个工作频带，所述多频带天线组件包括：辐射体、N个馈电点和N个匹配网络；其中：
    所述辐射体与所述N个馈电点电连接，所述N个馈电点中的每一馈电点通过一匹配网络电连接至所述天线开关的一输出端，所述天线开关包括N个输出端，N为大于或等于2的整数。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的终端，其中：
    所述终端支持M个频段，所述天线开关包括M个输入端；一个或多个输入端对应到一个输出端；
    所述终端工作时，所述天线开关的N个输出端以切换选择或直连的方式与所述M个输入端连通，M大于或等于N。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的终端，其中：
    所述多频带天线组件支持两个工作频带，所述多频带天线组件包括与辐射体电连接的2个馈电点及与该2个馈电点分别连接的2个匹配网络，该2个匹配网络分别连接至所述天线开关的第一输出端和第二输出端。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的终端，其中：
    所述终端支持低频、中频和高频三个频段，所述天线开关包括低频输入端、中频输入端和高频输入端；
    所述终端工作时，所述天线开关的第一输出端以切换选择的方式与所述高频输入端或中频输入端连通，所述天线开关的第二输出端与所述低频输入端连通。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的终端，其中：
    所述多频带天线组件支持三个工作频带，所述多频带天线组件包括与辐射体电连接的3个馈电点及与该3个馈电点分别连接的3个匹配网络，该3 个匹配网络分别连接至所述天线开关的第一输出端、第二输出端和第三输出端。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的终端，其中：
    所述终端支持低频、中频和高频三个频段，所述天线开关包括低频输入端、中频输入端和高频输入端；
    所述终端工作时，所述天线开关的第一输出端与所述高频输入端连通，所述天线开关的第二输出端与所述中频输入端连通，所述天线开关的第三输出端与所述低频输入端连通。
  7. 一种支持载波聚合的方法，包括：
    在支持载波聚合的终端中设置多频带天线组件，所述多频带天线组件支持N个工作频带，所述多频带天线组件包括：辐射体、N个馈电点和N个匹配网络，N为大于或等于2的整数；
    将所述辐射体与所述N个馈电点电连接，将所述N个馈电点中的每一馈电点通过一匹配网络电连接至所述天线开关的一输出端，所述天线开关包括N个输出端。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的方法，其中：
    所述终端支持M个频带，所述天线开关包括M个输入端；一个或多个输入端对应到一个输出端；
    所述方法还包括：所述终端工作时，将所述天线开关的N个输出端以切换选择或直连的方式与所述M个输入端连通，M大于或等于N。
  9. 如权利要求7所述的方法，其中：
    所述多频带天线组件支持两个工作频带，所述天线开关包括：第一输出端和第二输出端；
    所述将所述辐射体与所述N个馈电点电连接，将所述N个馈电点中的每一馈电点通过一匹配网络电连接至所述天线开关的一输出端，包括：
    将所述辐射体与2个馈电点电连接，与该2个馈电点分别连接的2个匹 配网络分别连接至所述天线开关的第一输出端和第二输出端。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的方法，其中：
    所述终端支持低频、中频和高频三个频带，所述天线开关包括低频输入端、中频输入端和高频输入端；
    所述方法还包括：所述终端工作时，将所述天线开关的第一输出端以切换选择的方式与所述高频输入端或中频输入端连通，将所述天线开关的第二输出端与所述低频输入端连通。
  11. 如权利要求6所述的方法，其中：
    所述多频带天线组件支持三个工作频带，所述天线开关包括：第一输出端、第二输出端和第三输出端；
    所述将所述辐射体与所述N个馈电点电连接，将所述N个馈电点中的每一馈电点通过一匹配网络电连接至所述天线开关的一输出端，包括：
    将所述辐射体与3个馈电点电连接，与该3个馈电点分别连接的3个匹配网络分别连接至所述天线开关的第一输出端、第二输出端和第三输出端。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的方法，其中：
    所述终端支持低频、中频和高频三个频带，所述天线开关包括低频输入端、中频输入端和高频输入端；
    所述方法还包括：所述终端工作时，将所述天线开关的第一输出端与所述高频输入端连通，将所述天线开关的第二输出端与所述中频输入端连通，将所述天线开关的第三输出端与所述低频输入端连通。
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