WO2015152859A1 - Compositions et procédés pour des complétions de puits - Google Patents

Compositions et procédés pour des complétions de puits Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015152859A1
WO2015152859A1 PCT/US2014/032303 US2014032303W WO2015152859A1 WO 2015152859 A1 WO2015152859 A1 WO 2015152859A1 US 2014032303 W US2014032303 W US 2014032303W WO 2015152859 A1 WO2015152859 A1 WO 2015152859A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
silicate
cement
composition
combinations
coating
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2014/032303
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Anthony Loiseau
Original Assignee
Schlumberger Canada Limited
Services Petroliers Schlumberger
Schlumberger Holdings Limited
Schlumberger Technology B.V.
Prad Research And Development Limited
Schlumberger Technology Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schlumberger Canada Limited, Services Petroliers Schlumberger, Schlumberger Holdings Limited, Schlumberger Technology B.V., Prad Research And Development Limited, Schlumberger Technology Corporation filed Critical Schlumberger Canada Limited
Priority to PCT/US2014/032303 priority Critical patent/WO2015152859A1/fr
Publication of WO2015152859A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015152859A1/fr

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
    • E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like

Definitions

  • compositions and methods for treating subterranean formations in particular, compositions and methods for decreasing the porosity and increasing the strength of well cements.
  • the tubular body may comprise drillpipe, casing, liner, coiled tubing or combinations thereof.
  • the purpose of the tubular body is to act as a conduit through which desirable fluids from the well may travel and be collected.
  • the tubular body is normally secured in the well by a cement sheath.
  • the cement sheath provides mechanical support and hydraulic isolation between the zones or layers that the well penetrates. The latter function is important because it prevents hydraulic communication between zones that may result in contamination. For example, the cement sheath blocks fluids from oil or gas zones from entering the water table and polluting drinking water.
  • the cement sheath achieves hydraulic isolation because of its low permeability.
  • intimate bonding between the cement sheath and both the tubular body and borehole is necessary to prevent leaks.
  • the cement sheath can deteriorate and become permeable.
  • the bonding between the cement sheath and the tubular body or borehole may become compromised. Principal causes of deterioration and debonding include physical stresses associated with tectonic movements, temperature changes and chemical deterioration of the cement.
  • cement-sheath deterioration There have been several proposals to deal with the problems of cement-sheath deterioration.
  • One approach is to design the cement sheath to mechanically survive physical stresses that may be encountered during its lifetime.
  • Another approach is to employ additives that improve the physical properties of the set cement.
  • Amorphous metal fibers may be added to cements to improve the strength and impact resistance.
  • Addition of flexible materials may confer a degree of flexibility to the cement sheath.
  • Cement compositions may also be formulated to be less sensitive to temperature fluctuations during the setting process.
  • self-healing cement systems have been developed that are tailored to the mixing, pumping and curing conditions associated with cementing subterranean wells.
  • superabsorbent polymers may be added and may be encapsulated. If the permeability of the cement matrix rises, or the bonding between the cement sheath and the tubular body or borehole wall is disrupted, the superabsorbent polymer becomes exposed to formation fluids. Most formation fluids contain some water, and the polymer swells upon water contact. The swelling fills voids in the cement sheath, restoring the low cement-matrix permeability.
  • the polymer will swell and restore isolation. Rubber particles that swell when exposed to liquid hydrocarbons may also be incorporated in cements. Like the superabsorbent polymers, the swelling of the rubber particles restores and maintains zonal isolation.
  • the present disclosure proposes improvements by providing cement systems with decreased porosity and increased strength.
  • embodiments relate to methods for decreasing porosity of a cement sheath in a subterranean well having a borehole wall and at least one tubular body, wherein the cement sheath occupies an annular space between the tubular body and the borehole wall.
  • a well cementing composition is prepared that comprises water, a hydraulic cement and a silicate, the silicate being encapsulated by a coating that isolates the silicate from the water and the hydraulic cement.
  • the encapsulated silicate is in the form of particles.
  • the composition is placed in the annular space and allowed to set.
  • the set composition (or set cement) contains calcium hydroxide and has internal voids.
  • the coating is allowed to deteriorate, thereby releasing the silicate.
  • the silicate is allowed to react with calcium hydroxide in the set composition, thereby forming calcium silicate hydrate, filling the voids and decreasing the porosity.
  • embodiments relate to methods for increasing strength of a cement sheath in a subterranean well having a borehole wall and at least one tubular body, wherein the cement sheath occupies an annular space between the tubular body and the borehole wall.
  • a well cementing composition is prepared that comprises water, a hydraulic cement and a silicate, the silicate being encapsulated by a coating that isolates the silicate from the water and the hydraulic cement.
  • the encapsulated silicate is in the form of particles.
  • the composition is placed in the annular space and allowed to set.
  • the set composition (or set cement) contains calcium hydroxide and has internal voids.
  • the coating is allowed to deteriorate, thereby releasing the silicate.
  • the silicate is allowed to react with calcium hydroxide in the set composition, thereby forming calcium silicate hydrate, filling the voids and increasing the strength.
  • a concentration range listed or described as being useful, suitable, or the like is intended that any and every concentration within the range, including the end points, is to be considered as having been stated.
  • a range of from 1 to 10 is to be read as indicating each and every possible number along the continuum between about 1 and about 10.
  • This disclosure proposes to use a reactive material to modify the mineralogical composition of set cement.
  • This mineralogical modification is the reaction between one or more silicates and soluble calcium hydroxide (portlandite) in the cement.
  • This reaction forms insoluble calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) (Eq. 1), filling the pores to create a harder and denser matrix.
  • the benefits of the reaction include (1) lower cement porosity and permeability; (2) higher strength; and (3) better bonding between the cement and the well casing.
  • the silicate may be encapsulated.
  • the capsules may be added during the preparation of the cement slurry, promoting even dispersion throughout the slurry.
  • An advantage of having the reaction occur after the curing of the cement is that the reactive material will be used only for the purpose of calcium hydroxide consumption.
  • C-S-H gel comprises roughly 65 wt% of fully hydrated Portland cement.
  • concentration of Ca(OH) 2 usually varies between 15 wt% and 20 wt%.
  • the silicate concentration may also be between 2.0 moles and 2.7 moles of set cement to achieve full consumption Ca(OH) 2 .
  • Other hydraulic cement blends of the disclosure represent a wider range of Ca(OH)2 concentrations.
  • the silicate concentration may be between 0.5 and 3.0 moles per kg of hydraulic cement, or between 2.0 and 2.7 moles per kg of hydraulic cement.
  • the disclosed encapsulated silicates may be particularly useful in the context of thermal recovery wells in which the cement sheath is exposed to large well- temperature variations.
  • the purpose of injecting steam downhole is to increase the temperature of the production zone. This temperature increase induces an oil-viscosity decrease. Lower oil viscosity enables better flow of the oil and thus an increase of production.
  • the main issue for the well is that the large temperature increase causes the expansion of the casing (large pipe generally made of steel).
  • This expansion creates high stress on the cement sheath. Such stresses may cause the cement sheath to fail and crack, resulting in a loss of zonal isolation.
  • the temperature increase can be used as a trigger to release the silicate.
  • the high temperature may melt or degrade the capsule's shell. Swelling or expansion of the capsule could be the other possibilities for releasing the reactive chemical.
  • the silicate reaction may reinforce the cement sheath while the temperature and the stress increase.
  • embodiments relate to methods for decreasing porosity of a cement sheath in a subterranean well having a borehole wall and at least one tubular body, wherein the cement sheath occupies an annular space between the tubular body and the borehole wall.
  • a well cementing composition is prepared that comprises water, a hydraulic cement and a silicate, the silicate being encapsulated by a coating that isolates the silicate from the water and the hydraulic cement.
  • the encapsulated silicate is in the form of particles.
  • the composition is placed in the annular space and allowed to set.
  • the set composition (or set cement) contains calcium hydroxide and has internal voids.
  • the coating is allowed to deteriorate, thereby releasing the silicate.
  • the silicate is allowed to react with calcium hydroxide in the set composition, thereby forming calcium silicate hydrate, filling the voids and decreasing the porosity.
  • embodiments relate to methods for increasing strength of a cement sheath in a subterranean well having a borehole wall and at least one tubular body, wherein the cement sheath occupies an annular space between the tubular body and the borehole wall.
  • a well cementing composition is prepared that comprises water, a hydraulic cement and a silicate, the silicate being encapsulated by a coating that isolates the silicate from the water and the hydraulic cement.
  • the encapsulated silicate is in the form of particles.
  • the composition is placed in the annular space and allowed to set.
  • the set composition (or set cement) contains calcium hydroxide and has internal voids.
  • the coating is allowed to deteriorate, thereby releasing the silicate.
  • the silicate is allowed to react with calcium hydroxide in the set composition, thereby forming calcium silicate hydrate, filling the voids and increasing the strength.
  • coating deterioration may result from mechanical stress, exposure to heat, dissolution, swelling or degradation or combinations thereof.
  • Degradation may occur in the form of chemical processes such as hydrolysis.
  • the hydraulic cement may comprise portland cement, lime-silica blends, lime-fly ash blends, lime-blast furnace slag blends or zeolites or combinations thereof.
  • the silicate may comprise one or more alkali silicates, one or more alkaline-earth silicates or methyl silicate or combinations thereof.
  • the coating may comprise an epoxy resin, a phenolic resin, a furan resin, a cellulosic polymer, polyvinylidene chloride, poly(methyl methacrylate), polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid, polyvinylalcohol, urea-formaldehyde polymers, silicones, gelatins, lipids, styrene acrylic resins, or waxes or combinations thereof.
  • the encapsulated particles may have diameters between 1 micron and 1000 microns.
  • compositions may further comprise accelerators, retarders, extenders, weighting agents, dispersants, fluid-loss control agents, lost- circulation control agents, antifoam agents, gas-generating agents or fibers or combinations thereof.
  • the viscosity of the cement compositions during placement may be lower than 1000 cP at a shear rate of 100 s -1 .

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des compositions de ciment ayant une porosité réduite et une résistance améliorée, et comprenant de l'eau, un ciment hydraulique et un silicate encapsulé. Le silicate peut être libéré des capsules par exposition à une contrainte mécanique, à de la chaleur, à une dissolution, à un gonflement ou à une dégradation du revêtement. Lors de la libération, le silicate réagit avec de l'hydroxyde de calcium dans la matrice de ciment pour former un hydrate de silicate de calcium. La formation d'hydrate de silicate de calcium supplémentaire peut remplir des vides dans le ciment durci.
PCT/US2014/032303 2014-03-31 2014-03-31 Compositions et procédés pour des complétions de puits WO2015152859A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2014/032303 WO2015152859A1 (fr) 2014-03-31 2014-03-31 Compositions et procédés pour des complétions de puits

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2014/032303 WO2015152859A1 (fr) 2014-03-31 2014-03-31 Compositions et procédés pour des complétions de puits

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2015152859A1 true WO2015152859A1 (fr) 2015-10-08

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Family Applications (1)

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PCT/US2014/032303 WO2015152859A1 (fr) 2014-03-31 2014-03-31 Compositions et procédés pour des complétions de puits

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4036301A (en) * 1974-10-29 1977-07-19 Standard Oil Company (Indiana) Process and composition for cementing casing in a well
US7353870B2 (en) * 2005-09-09 2008-04-08 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Methods of using settable compositions comprising cement kiln dust and additive(s)
US7493968B2 (en) * 2004-07-02 2009-02-24 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Compositions comprising melt-processed inorganic fibers and methods of using such compositions
US7789146B2 (en) * 2007-07-25 2010-09-07 Schlumberger Technology Corporation System and method for low damage gravel packing
US20100270016A1 (en) * 2009-04-27 2010-10-28 Clara Carelli Compositions and Methods for Servicing Subterranean Wells

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4036301A (en) * 1974-10-29 1977-07-19 Standard Oil Company (Indiana) Process and composition for cementing casing in a well
US7493968B2 (en) * 2004-07-02 2009-02-24 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Compositions comprising melt-processed inorganic fibers and methods of using such compositions
US7353870B2 (en) * 2005-09-09 2008-04-08 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Methods of using settable compositions comprising cement kiln dust and additive(s)
US7789146B2 (en) * 2007-07-25 2010-09-07 Schlumberger Technology Corporation System and method for low damage gravel packing
US20100270016A1 (en) * 2009-04-27 2010-10-28 Clara Carelli Compositions and Methods for Servicing Subterranean Wells

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