WO2015111454A1 - Co2回収装置及びco2回収方法 - Google Patents
Co2回収装置及びco2回収方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015111454A1 WO2015111454A1 PCT/JP2015/050550 JP2015050550W WO2015111454A1 WO 2015111454 A1 WO2015111454 A1 WO 2015111454A1 JP 2015050550 W JP2015050550 W JP 2015050550W WO 2015111454 A1 WO2015111454 A1 WO 2015111454A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/1456—Removing acid components
- B01D53/1475—Removing carbon dioxide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/1412—Controlling the absorption process
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/346—Controlling the process
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/62—Carbon oxides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/50—Carbon dioxide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2252/00—Absorbents, i.e. solvents and liquid materials for gas absorption
- B01D2252/20—Organic absorbents
- B01D2252/204—Amines
- B01D2252/20478—Alkanolamines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
- B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/151—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions, e.g. CO2
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a CO 2 recovery device and a CO 2 recovery method, and relates to a CO 2 recovery device and a CO 2 recovery method for recovering CO 2 in a gas to be treated using a CO 2 absorbent.
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and even when the processing amount of the gas to be processed fluctuates, the CO 2 recovery capable of improving the efficiency and stability of the operation of the entire apparatus.
- An object is to provide an apparatus and a CO 2 recovery method.
- CO 2 recovery apparatus of the present invention includes a CO 2 absorption tower for absorbing the CO 2 contained in the gas to be treated by contacting the gas to be treated and the CO 2 absorbing solution containing CO 2 in the CO 2 absorbing solution, the CO 2 absorbent having absorbed CO 2 is heated by the steam, and the CO 2 absorbing solution regeneration tower for reproducing CO 2 absorbing solution by releasing CO 2 from the CO 2 absorbing solution, introduced into the CO 2 absorption tower
- a flow rate measuring device for measuring the flow rate of the gas to be processed; and a flow rate of the gas to be processed measured by the flow rate measuring device is divided into a plurality of flow rate ranges, and in advance according to the divided flow rate ranges. and characterized by including a control device for controlling the flow rate of the steam supplied to the flow rate and the CO 2 absorbing solution regeneration tower of the CO 2 absorbing solution supplied to the CO 2 absorption tower based on the set load setting value To do.
- CO 2 recovery device even when the flow rate of the gas to be processed is increased or decreased within a plurality of flow rate ranges, the operating conditions based on the load set value corresponding to the flow rate range can be maintained. It becomes possible. Accordingly, CO 2 recovery apparatus, even when the flow rate of the gas to be treated is optionally varied within sections of the plurality of flow rate range, the flow rate of the CO 2 absorbing solution supplied to the CO 2 absorber and CO 2 absorbing solution Since fluctuations in the flow rate of the steam supplied to the regeneration tower can be reduced, the efficiency and stability of the operation of the entire apparatus can be improved.
- CO 2 recovery apparatus of the present invention includes a CO 2 absorption tower for absorbing the CO 2 contained in the gas to be treated by contacting the gas to be treated and the CO 2 absorbing solution containing CO 2 in the CO 2 absorbing solution, the CO 2 absorbent having absorbed CO 2 is heated by the steam, and the CO 2 absorbing solution regeneration tower for reproducing CO 2 absorbing solution by releasing CO 2 from the CO 2 absorbing solution, introduced into the CO 2 absorption tower Measured by a flow rate measuring device for measuring the flow rate of the gas to be processed, a CO 2 concentration measuring device for measuring the CO 2 concentration of the gas to be processed introduced into the CO 2 absorption tower, and the flow rate measuring device.
- this CO 2 recovery device even when the CO 2 flow rate increases or decreases within a plurality of flow rate range sections, it is possible to maintain operating conditions based on the load set value corresponding to the flow rate range. Become. Accordingly, CO 2 recovery apparatus, even when the flow rate of the gas to be treated is optionally varied within sections of the plurality of flow rate range, the flow rate of the CO 2 absorbing solution supplied to the CO 2 absorber and CO 2 absorbing solution Since fluctuations in the flow rate of the steam supplied to the regeneration tower can be reduced, the efficiency and stability of the operation of the entire apparatus can be improved. Furthermore, since this CO 2 recovery device controls the operating conditions based on the CO 2 flow rate calculated based on the CO 2 concentration in the gas to be treated, it is possible to further improve the efficiency and stability of the operation of the entire device. It becomes.
- the control device In the CO 2 recovery apparatus of the present invention, the control device, the plurality of in the flow rate range, the load set value the CO 2 flow rate and said CO 2 absorbing liquid supplied to the absorption tower to maintain a substantially constant It is preferable to control the flow rate of the steam supplied to the CO 2 absorbing liquid regeneration tower.
- This configuration CO 2 recovery apparatus, even from time to time vary within flow range flow rate and the plurality of the gas to be treated, the flow rate and the CO 2 absorbing solution regeneration tower of the CO 2 absorbing liquid supplied to the CO 2 absorber It becomes possible to keep the flow rate of the supplied steam substantially constant.
- CO 2 recovery apparatus it is possible to further reduce variations in the flow rate of the steam supplied to the flow rate and the CO 2 absorbing solution regeneration tower for supplying CO 2 absorbing solution in the CO 2 absorber, the whole more devices Operation efficiency and stability can be improved.
- the control device maintains the load set value at a maximum value corresponding to the flow rate range and supplies the CO 2 absorption tower to the CO 2 absorption tower within the plurality of flow rate ranges. It is preferable to control the flow rate of the absorbent and the flow rate of the steam supplied to the CO 2 absorbent regeneration tower. With this configuration, the CO 2 recovery apparatus allows the flow rate of the CO 2 absorbent supplied to the CO 2 absorption tower and the flow rate of the steam supplied to the CO 2 absorbent regeneration tower according to the maximum load set value within a plurality of flow rate ranges.
- the plurality of flow rate ranges are preferably 7 or less.
- the CO 2 recovery apparatus has an appropriate number of flow ranges, and therefore, the efficiency of the operation of the entire apparatus and the improvement of the stability can be further improved.
- CO 2 containing CO 2 is brought into contact with a CO 2 absorption liquid in a CO 2 absorption tower so that CO 2 contained in the gas to be processed is absorbed by the CO 2 absorption liquid. It includes a 2 absorption step, and a regeneration step wherein the CO 2 absorbent having absorbed CO 2 and heated by the steam to release CO 2 in the CO 2 absorbing solution regeneration tower for reproducing CO 2 absorbing solution, wherein
- the flow rate of the gas to be treated introduced into the CO 2 absorption tower is measured with a flow rate measuring device, and the measured flow rate of the gas to be treated is divided into a plurality of flow rate ranges, and in advance according to the divided flow rate ranges. and controlling the flow rate of the steam supplied to the flow rate and the CO 2 absorbing solution regeneration tower of the CO 2 absorbing solution supplied to the CO 2 absorption tower based on the set load value.
- CO 2 recovery method even when the flow rate of the gas to be processed is increased or decreased within a plurality of flow rate ranges, the operating conditions corresponding to the load set value corresponding to the flow rate range can be maintained. It becomes possible. Accordingly, CO 2 recovery method, even when the flow rate of the gas to be treated is optionally varied within sections of the plurality of flow rate range, the flow rate of the CO 2 absorbing solution supplied to the CO 2 absorber and CO 2 absorbing solution Since fluctuations in the flow rate of the steam supplied to the regeneration tower can be reduced, the efficiency and stability of the operation of the entire apparatus can be improved.
- CO 2 containing CO 2 is brought into contact with a CO 2 absorption liquid in a CO 2 absorption tower so that CO 2 contained in the gas to be processed is absorbed by the CO 2 absorption liquid. It includes a 2 absorption step, and a regeneration step wherein the CO 2 absorbent having absorbed CO 2 and heated by the steam to release CO 2 in the CO 2 absorbing solution regeneration tower for reproducing CO 2 absorbing solution, wherein
- the flow rate of the gas to be treated introduced into the CO 2 absorption tower is measured with a flow measuring device
- the CO 2 concentration of the gas to be treated introduced into the CO 2 absorption tower is measured with a CO 2 concentration measuring device
- the CO 2 flow rate determined based on the measured flow rate of the gas to be processed and the measured value of the CO 2 concentration is divided into a plurality of flow rate ranges, and the load set values set in advance according to the divided flow rate ranges are set.
- CO 2 recovery method even when the CO 2 flow rate increases or decreases within a plurality of flow rate range sections, it is possible to maintain the operating conditions according to the load set value corresponding to the flow rate range. Become.
- CO 2 recovery method even when the flow rate of the gas to be treated is optionally varied within sections of the plurality of flow range, flow and CO 2 absorption of CO 2 absorbing solution supplied to the CO 2 absorber Since fluctuations in the flow rate of the steam supplied to the liquid regeneration tower can be reduced, it is possible to improve the operation efficiency and stability of the entire apparatus. Furthermore, since this CO 2 recovery method controls the operating conditions based on the CO 2 flow rate calculated based on the CO 2 concentration in the gas to be treated, it is possible to further improve the operational efficiency and stability of the entire apparatus. It becomes.
- the in a plurality of flow rate range, the load set value substantially the CO 2 absorption rate and the CO 2 absorption liquid supplied CO 2 absorbing solution in the tower play kept constant It is preferable to control the flow rate of the steam supplied to the tower.
- CO 2 recovery method even if from time to time vary within flow range flow rate and the plurality of the gas to be treated, the flow rate and the CO 2 absorbing solution regeneration tower of the CO 2 absorbing liquid supplied to the CO 2 absorber It becomes possible to keep the flow rate of the supplied steam substantially constant.
- CO 2 recovery method it is possible to further reduce variations in the flow rate of the steam supplied to the flow rate and the CO 2 absorbing solution regeneration tower for supplying CO 2 absorbing solution in the CO 2 absorber, the whole more devices Operation efficiency and stability can be improved.
- the flow rate of the CO 2 absorbing solution supplied to the CO 2 absorption tower while maintaining the load set value to the maximum value corresponding to the flow rate range and It is preferable to control the flow rate of the steam supplied to the CO 2 absorbing liquid regeneration tower.
- CO 2 recovery method the flow rate of a plurality of maximum steam supplied to the flow rate and the CO 2 absorbing solution regeneration tower of the CO 2 absorbing liquid supplied to the CO 2 absorber in accordance with the load set value in the flow range it is possible to control the supply to the in flow rate range even when the flow rate of the gas to be treated varies from time to time, the flow rate of the CO 2 absorbing solution supplied to the CO 2 absorber and CO 2 absorbing solution regeneration tower It is possible to appropriately control the flow rate of steam.
- the plurality of flow rate ranges are preferably 7 or less.
- the number of flow ranges is in an appropriate range, so that it is possible to improve the efficiency and stability of the operation of the entire apparatus.
- the present invention it is possible to realize a CO 2 recovery apparatus and a CO 2 recovery method capable of improving the efficiency and stability of the operation of the entire apparatus even when the amount of gas to be processed varies.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a CO 2 recovery apparatus according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the operation time of the CO 2 recovery device according to the first embodiment and the change in the exhaust gas flow rate.
- Figure 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the load set value of the operating time and the CO 2 recovery system of the CO 2 recovering apparatus according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart of operation control of the CO 2 recovery device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a CO 2 recovery device according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the operation time of the CO 2 recovery apparatus according to the second embodiment and the change in the CO 2 flow rate.
- Figure 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the load set value of the operating time and the CO 2 recovery system of the CO 2 recovering apparatus according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart of the operation control of the CO 2 recovery device according to the second embodiment.
- the present inventors can measure the flow rate of exhaust gas supplied to the CO 2 absorption tower and control the operation of the CO 2 recovery apparatus, even with respect to load fluctuations in boilers and the like. We focused on the fact that the operating conditions cannot always be fully optimized. Then, the present inventors divided the exhaust gas treatment amount into a plurality of ranges, set load setting values in the divided ranges in advance, and performed stepwise operation control, thereby causing load fluctuations in boilers and the like. Even in this case, the present inventors have found that it is possible to improve the efficiency and stability of the operation of the entire apparatus, and to complete the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a CO 2 recovery apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- this CO 2 recovery apparatus 1 absorbs CO 2 in an exhaust gas (treated gas) 11A containing CO 2 discharged from industrial equipment such as a boiler and a gas turbine, and has a high concentration. It is a device that recovers as CO 2 gas.
- the CO 2 recovery apparatus 1 includes a cooling tower 12 that cools an exhaust gas 11A containing CO 2 discharged from an industrial facility such as a boiler or a gas turbine, and a cooled exhaust gas 11A that is provided at the rear stage of the cooling tower 12 and is cooled.
- the CO 2 recovery device 1 is provided in a flue 16 between the cooling tower 12 and the CO 2 absorption tower 14 and measures a flow rate of exhaust gas 11A introduced into the CO 2 absorption tower 14 (flow measurement).
- Apparatus) 101 and the flow rate of the exhaust gas 11A measured by the flow meter 101 are divided into a plurality of flow rate ranges, and the CO 2 absorption tower 14 is set based on the load setting values set in advance according to the divided flow rate ranges.
- a controller 102 that controls the flow rate of the supplied CO 2 absorbent 13 and the flow rate of the steam supplied to the CO 2 absorbent regeneration tower 15.
- the control device 102 can be realized by using a general purpose or dedicated computer such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a ROM (Read Only Memory), a RAM (Random Access Memory), etc. and a program operating on the computer. it can.
- a CO 2 absorption liquid 13 is circulated between a CO 2 absorption tower 14 and a CO 2 absorption liquid regeneration tower 15.
- CO 2 absorbing solution 13 (lean solution) is supplied to the CO 2 absorbing solution regeneration tower 15 as the CO 2 absorbing liquid 13 that has absorbed CO 2 in the CO 2 absorber 14 (rich solution).
- the CO 2 absorbing liquid 13 (rich solution) is supplied to the CO 2 absorber 14 as the CO 2 absorbing solution 13 which is almost all CO 2 is removed reproduced (lean solution) in the CO 2 absorbing solution regeneration tower 15
- the cooling tower 12 has a cooling unit 121 that cools the exhaust gas 11A.
- a circulation line L 1 is provided between the bottom of the cooling tower 12 and the top of the cooling unit 121.
- the circulation line L 1 a heat exchanger 122 for cooling the cooling water W 1
- a circulation pump 123 is provided for circulating the cooling water W 1 in the circulation line L within 1.
- the cooling unit 121 by countercurrent contact between the exhaust gas 11A and the cooling water W 1, the exhaust gas 11A is cooled.
- the heat exchanger 122 cools the cooling water W 1 which is heated by heat exchange with the exhaust gas 11A.
- the circulation pump 123 supplies the cooling water W 1 flowing down to the bottom of the cooling tower 12 via the heat exchanger 122 to the top of the cooling unit 121.
- the CO 2 absorption tower 14 is provided on the lower side of the CO 2 absorption tower 14.
- the bottom of the washing section 142, the liquid reservoir 144 for storing the cleaning water W 2 for cleaning the exhaust gas 11C which CO 2 has been removed is provided.
- circulation line L 2 is provided for.
- the circulation line L 2 a heat exchanger 21 for cooling the wash water W 2
- circulation line wash water W 2 including the CO 2 absorbing liquid 13 through the heat exchanger 21 is recovered by the liquid reservoir 144
- a circulation pump 22 that circulates in L 2 is provided.
- the circulation line L 2 is provided with an extraction line L 3 for extracting a part of the cleaning water W 2 (cleaning water W 3 ) and supplying it to the preliminary water washing unit 143.
- the withdrawal line L 3, the adjusting valve 23 for adjusting the supply amount of the cleaning water W 3 supplies the pre-water washing unit 143, the cleaning water W 3 and the heat exchanger 24 for cooling is provided at a predetermined temperature Yes.
- the pre-water washing unit 143 the exhaust gas 11B which CO 2 has been removed is cleaned by contact with cleaning water W 3 withdrawn from this water washing section 142 gas liquid. As a result, the exhaust gas 11B from which the CO 2 has been removed becomes the exhaust gas 11C in which the CO 2 absorbent 13 entrained in the exhaust gas 11B is reduced.
- the exhaust gas 11 ⁇ / b > C from which the CO 2 that has passed through the preliminary water washing unit 143 has been removed rises via the chimney tray 145.
- the exhaust gas 11C is a flue gas 11D recovered by circulating the cleaning of CO 2 absorbing solution 13 accompanying the cleaning water W 2 and gas-liquid contact with flue gas 11C supplied from the top side of the washing unit 142.
- This exhaust gas 11 ⁇ / b > D is captured by the mist eliminator 146 in the gas, and discharged from the top 14 a of the CO 2 absorption tower 14 to the outside.
- the CO 2 absorption liquid 13 (rich solution) that has absorbed CO 2 by the CO 2 absorption tower 14 is the CO 2 absorption liquid.
- a rich solution supply pipe 50 for supplying to the upper side of the regeneration tower 15 is provided.
- a rich / lean solution heat exchanger 52 that heats the CO 2 absorbing solution 13 (rich solution) that has absorbed the CO 2 absorbing solution 13 (lean solution) from which CO 2 has been removed by heating with steam. .
- the central portion of the CO 2 absorbing solution regeneration tower 15, CO 2 absorbing solution supply section 151 CO 2 absorbing liquid 13 that has absorbed CO 2 is supplied is provided.
- a regeneration heater 31 that heats the CO 2 absorbent 13 with saturated steam S
- a regulating valve 32 that adjusts the amount of saturated steam S supplied to the regeneration heater 31, and the regeneration heater 31.
- the adjustment valve 32 adjusts the amount of saturated water vapor S that is adjusted in opening by the control device 102 and is supplied to the regenerative heater 31.
- This gas discharge line L 5 represents a capacitor 42 which condenses the moisture in the CO 2 gas 41, and the separation drum 43 to separate the CO 2 gas 41 and condensed water W 5 is provided.
- the CO 2 gas 44 from which the condensed water W 5 has been separated is discharged to the outside from the upper part of the separation drum 43.
- the condensed water line L 6 is provided with a condensed water circulation pump 45 that supplies the condensed water W 5 separated by the separation drum 43 to the upper part of the CO 2 absorbent regeneration tower 15.
- the lean solution supply pipe 53 is a rich / lean for heating the CO 2 absorbing solution 13 (rich solution) that has absorbed CO 2 by the CO 2 absorbing solution 13 (lean solution) from which CO 2 has been removed by heating with steam.
- a cooling unit 55 for cooling to a temperature is provided.
- the lean solution pump 54 can control the supply amount of the CO 2 absorbent 13 (lean solution) by the control device 102.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the operation time of the CO 2 recovery apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment and the change in the exhaust gas flow rate
- FIG. 3 is the operation time of the CO 2 recovery apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment. and is a diagram showing the relationship between the load set value of the CO 2 recovery apparatus 1.
- the exhaust gas flow rate varies from time to time within a range from 70 to 100 as time elapses.
- the exhaust gas flow rate greatly fluctuates in the range of 70 to 100 as in the range of time 0 to 1 shown in FIG. 2, the CO 2 supplied to the CO 2 absorption tower 14 by the control device 102.
- the operating conditions can be optimized by increasing the flow rate of the 2 absorbent 13 and increasing the flow rate of the steam supplied to the CO 2 absorbent regeneration tower 15. However, if the exhaust gas flow rate varies within a range of 90 or more and 100 or less as shown in FIG. 2 at any time, even if the operating conditions are finely controlled, the actual exhaust gas flow rate In some cases, the operating conditions after the change are not reflected with respect to the fluctuation and sufficient operation control cannot be performed.
- the exhaust gas flow rate per unit time measured by the flow meter 101 is divided into a plurality of preset flow rate ranges R1 to R7 (R4 to R7 are not shown).
- the control device 102 sets the range of the exhaust gas flow rate of the exhaust gas 11A measured by the flow meter 101 to 90 to 100 as the flow rate range R1, and sets the exhaust gas flow rate to 80 to 90 or less.
- Range R2 exhaust gas flow rate in the range of 70 and 80 or less is flow range R3, exhaust gas flow rate in the range of 60 and 70 or less is flow range R4, exhaust gas flow rate in the range of 50 and 60 or less is flow range R5, exhaust gas A range in which the flow rate is 40 and 50 or less is defined as a flow range R6, and a range in which the exhaust gas flow rate is 0 and 40 or less is defined as a flow range R7 in advance.
- the control device 102 adjusts the flow rate of the lean solution pump 54 and the opening degree of the adjustment valve 32 based on the load setting values set in advance according to the flow rate ranges R1 to R7 divided into seven stages, and absorbs CO 2.
- controlling the flow rate of the steam supplied to the flow rate and the CO 2 absorbing solution regeneration tower 15 is supplied to the tower 14 CO 2 absorbing liquid 13.
- the load set value is, for example, the specific flow rate of the lean solution pump 54 and the opening degree of the adjustment valve 32 set in advance in accordance with the flow rate ranges R1 to R7.
- the control device 102 adjusts the flow rate of the lean solution pump 54 and the opening of the adjustment valve 32 within a preset load set value 6 or more and 7 or less, and the CO 2 absorption tower. controlling the flow rate of the steam supplied to the flow rate and the CO 2 absorbing solution regeneration tower 15 to supply CO 2 absorbing liquid 13 to 14.
- the control device 102 adjusts the flow rate of the lean solution pump 54 and the opening degree of the adjustment valve 32 within a preset load set value range of 5 to 6.
- the control device 102 adjusts the flow rate of the lean solution pump 54 and the opening of the adjustment valve 32 within a preset load set value 4 or more and 5 or less.
- the control device 102 adjusts the flow rate of the lean solution pump 54 and the opening of the adjustment valve 32 within a preset load set value 3 or more and 4 or less.
- the control device 102 adjusts the flow rate of the lean solution pump 54 and the opening degree of the adjustment valve 32 within a preset load set value 2 or more and 3 or less.
- the control device 102 adjusts the flow rate of the lean solution pump 54 and the opening of the adjustment valve 32 within a preset load set value 1 or more and 2 or less.
- the control device 102 adjusts the flow rate of the lean solution pump 54 and the opening degree of the adjustment valve 32 within a preset load set value 0 and 1 or less. In this way, the control device 102 controls the operating conditions of the CO 2 recovery device 1, so that even if the exhaust gas flow rate is small and changes within the flow rate range R1 to R7, the actual exhaust gas flow rate fluctuation can be prevented. It becomes possible to appropriately control the operating conditions.
- the control device 102 may perform operation control by appropriately changing the load setting value according to the elapsed time as long as it is within the range of the load setting value corresponding to the flow rate range R1 to R7.
- the control device 102 supplies the CO 2 absorption tower 14 with the load set value maintained substantially constant within the plurality of flow rate ranges R1 to R7 described above. It is preferable to control the flow rate of the saturated steam S supplied to the flow rate and the CO 2 absorbing solution regeneration tower 15 of the CO 2 absorbing liquid 13 to be. For example, as shown in times 3 to 4 in FIGS. 2 and 3, the load set value is maintained at 7 in the case of the exhaust gas flow rate range R1.
- the flow rate and the CO 2 absorbing solution saturated steam S supplied to the regenerator 15 of the CO 2 absorbing solution 13 supplied to the CO 2 absorber 14 flow rate Can be kept substantially constant.
- the control device 102 maintains the load set value at the maximum value corresponding to the flow rate ranges R1 to R7 in the plurality of flow rate ranges R1 to R7. It is preferable to control the flow rate of the supplied steam S to flow and the CO 2 absorbing solution regeneration tower 15 is supplied to the CO 2 absorber 14 CO 2 absorbing liquid 13. For example, as shown in the time 3 to 4 in FIGS. 2 and 3, in the case of the exhaust gas flow rate range R1, the load setting value 6 corresponding to the flow rate range R1 is maintained at 7 which is the maximum value of 7 or less. To do.
- the flow rate of the CO 2 absorbent 13 supplied to the CO 2 absorption tower 14 and the flow rate of the saturated steam S supplied to the CO 2 absorbent regeneration tower 15 according to the maximum load set value in the flow rate range R1 to R7. It is possible to control the operating conditions, the flow rate and CO 2 absorption in the range of flow rates R1 even when the flow rate of the exhaust gas 11A fluctuates in the ⁇ R7, and supplies the CO 2 absorption tower 14 CO 2 absorbing solution 13
- the flow rate of the steam S supplied to the liquid regeneration tower 15 can be appropriately controlled.
- the control device 102 preferably divides the exhaust gas flow rate range of the exhaust gas 11A set in advance into seven stages. As a result, the number of the flow rate ranges R1 to R7 set in advance becomes an appropriate range, so that the operation efficiency and stability of the entire CO 2 recovery device 1 can be further improved.
- the flow range of the exhaust gas flow rate is not limited to 7 stages, and the exhaust gas flow rate may be divided into 7 stages or more and less than 7 stages.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart of operation control of the CO 2 recovery apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment.
- the flow meter 101 measures the exhaust gas flow rate of the exhaust gas 11A introduced into the CO 2 absorption tower 14 (step S11), and the control device 102 Divides the exhaust gas flow rate detected by the flow meter 101 into a preset flow range, and calculates a load set value corresponding to the divided flow range (step S12).
- control unit 102 calculates the flow rate of the supplied steam S to flow and the CO 2 absorbing solution regeneration tower 15 is supplied to the CO 2 absorber 14 in accordance with the load set value CO 2 absorbing solution 13 (step S13) Then, the flow rate of the lean solution pump 54 and the opening degree of the adjustment valve 32 are adjusted so that the calculated flow rate is obtained (step S14).
- Exhaust gas 11A containing CO 2 discharged from industrial facilities such as boilers and gas turbines are cooled by cooling water W 1 and countercurrent contact is introduced into the cooling tower 12.
- the cooled exhaust gas 11A is introduced into the CO 2 absorption tower 14 through the flue 16, and the flow rate of the exhaust gas 11A introduced into the CO 2 absorption tower 14 is measured.
- Exhaust gas 11A which is introduced into the CO 2 absorber 14 is a CO 2 absorbing section 141 is countercurrently contacted with the CO 2 absorbing liquid 13 containing an alkanolamine, CO 2 in the flue gas 11A is absorbed in the CO 2 absorbing solution 13
- the exhaust gas 11B from which CO 2 has been removed is obtained.
- Exhaust gas 11B which CO 2 has been removed, entrained been cleaned a portion of the cleaning water W 3 and gas-liquid contact with washing water W 2 withdrawn from this water washing section 142 in the preliminary washing unit 143 in the exhaust gas 11B the exhaust 11C to the CO 2 absorbing liquid 13 is reduced to be.
- the exhaust 11C is recovered by circulating the cleaning of CO 2 absorbing solution 13 entrained in the exhaust gas 11C rises and cleaning water W 2 and gas-liquid contact with which is supplied from the top side of the washing unit 142 via the chimney tray 145
- the exhaust gas 11D is obtained.
- This exhaust gas 11 ⁇ / b > D is captured by the mist eliminator 146 in the gas, and discharged from the top 14 a of the CO 2 absorption tower 14 to the outside.
- CO 2 absorption tower 14 CO 2 absorbing liquid 13 that has absorbed CO 2 in (rich solution) through a rich-solution supply pipe 50 in a rich-lean solution heat exchanger 52 with the CO 2 absorbing solution 13 (lean solution)
- the rich solvent pump 51 supplies the CO 2 absorbent regeneration tower 15 to the upper part. While the CO 2 absorbent 13 supplied to the CO 2 absorbent regenerating tower 15 flows down to the tower bottom 15b via the CO 2 absorbent supply section 151, the CO 2 is removed and becomes a semi-lean solution.
- the semi-lean solution while being circulated circulation line L 4 by the circulating pump 33, the lean solvent is heated by saturated steam S in the regeneration heater 31.
- control device 102 controls the opening degree of the adjustment valve 32 so that the supply amount of the saturated steam S becomes the supply amount based on the load set value corresponding to the flow range of the exhaust gas flow rate of the exhaust gas 11 ⁇ / b> A measured by the flow meter 101. .
- the CO 2 absorbent 13 (lean solution) at the bottom 15b of the CO 2 absorbent regeneration tower 15 is exchanged with the CO 2 absorbent 13 (rich solution) by the rich / lean solution heat exchanger 52 via the lean solution supply pipe 53.
- the lean solution pump 54 supplies the upper part of the CO 2 absorber 141 of the CO 2 absorber 14.
- the control device 102 controls the flow rate of the lean solution pump 54 based on the load set values corresponding to the flow rate ranges R1 to R7 of the exhaust gas flow rate of the exhaust gas 11A measured by the flow meter 101.
- the load set values corresponding to the flow rate ranges R1 to R7 are possible to maintain operating conditions based on the above.
- CO 2 recovery apparatus even when the flow rate of the exhaust gas 11A is needed vary within division multiple flow range R1 ⁇ R7, the flow rate of CO 2 is supplied to the absorption tower 14 CO 2 absorbing liquid 13 and Since fluctuations in the flow rate of the saturated water vapor S supplied to the CO 2 absorbing liquid regeneration tower 15 can be reduced, it is possible to improve the efficiency and stability of the operation of the entire apparatus.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the CO 2 recovery device 2 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- CO 2 recovery apparatus 2 according to this embodiment, the CO 2 concentration to measure the CO 2 concentration in the exhaust gas 11A to the first according to the embodiment CO 2 recovery apparatus flue 16 in addition to one of the above-described configuration
- a meter (CO 2 concentration measuring device) 103 is provided. Then, the control unit 102 determines the CO 2 flow in the exhaust gas 11A based on the CO 2 concentration in the measured exhaust gas 11A that the exhaust gas flow rate and the CO 2 concentration meter 103 of the flue gas 11A that has been measured by the flow meter 101.
- the CO 2 concentration meter 103 is not particularly limited as long as it can measure the CO 2 concentration in the exhaust gas 11A.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a relationship between the operation time of the CO 2 recovery device 2 according to the present embodiment and the change in the CO 2 flow rate
- FIG. 7 is an operation of the CO 2 recovery device 2 according to the present embodiment. is a diagram showing the relationship between time and load set value of the CO 2 recovery apparatus 2.
- the control unit 102 based on the CO 2 concentration measured upcoming exhaust 11A by exhaust gas flow rate and the CO 2 concentration meter 103 of the flue gas 11A that has been measured by the flow meter 101 The CO 2 flow rate is calculated, and the calculated CO 2 flow rate is divided into a plurality of flow rate ranges R11 to R17 (R14 to R17 are not shown). For example, in the example shown in FIG.
- the control unit 102, the measured CO 2 flow rate 90 exceeds 100 the range of the exhaust gas 11A in flowmeter 101 and flow range R11, a range of 90 or less CO 2 flow rate 80 exceeds
- the flow rate range is R12, the CO 2 flow rate is in the range of 70 to 80, the flow range is R13, the CO 2 flow rate is in the range of 60 to 70, the flow range is R14, and the CO 2 flow rate is in the range of 50 to 60, the flow rate is the range R15, CO 2 flow rate was a flow range R16 range of 40 exceeds 50 or less, CO 2 flow rate in advance divided into 7 stages range of 40 or less than 0 as a flow range R17.
- the control device 102 adjusts the flow rate of the lean solution pump 54 and the opening degree of the adjustment valve 32 within the range of the load setting values set in advance according to the flow rate ranges R11 to R17 divided into seven stages. flow rate and the CO 2 absorbing solution 2 supplied to the absorption tower 14 CO 2 absorbing solution 13 to control the flow rate of the steam supplied to the regenerator 15.
- the load set value is, for example, the specific flow rate of the lean solution pump 54 and the opening degree of the regulating valve 32 set in advance in accordance with the flow rate ranges R11 to R17.
- the control device 102 adjusts the flow rate of the lean solution pump 54 and the opening of the adjustment valve 32 within a preset load set value 6 or more and 7 or less, and absorbs CO 2. controlling the flow rate of the steam supplied to the flow rate and the CO 2 absorbing solution regeneration tower 15 is supplied to the tower 14 CO 2 absorbing liquid 13. Similarly, when the CO 2 flow rate is in the flow rate range R12, the control device 102 adjusts the flow rate of the lean solution pump 54 and the opening of the adjustment valve 32 within a preset load set value range of 5 to 6.
- the control device 102 adjusts the flow rate and adjustment of the lean solution pump 54 so that the load setting value of the CO 2 recovery device 2 is in the range of 4 to 5 that is preset.
- the opening degree of the valve 32 is adjusted.
- the control device 102 adjusts the flow rate of the lean solution pump 54 and the opening of the adjustment valve 32 within a preset load set value 3 or more and 4 or less.
- the control device 102 adjusts the flow rate of the lean solution pump 54 and the opening degree of the adjustment valve 32 within a preset load set value 2 or more and 3 or less.
- the control device 102 adjusts the flow rate of the lean solution pump 54 and the opening degree of the adjustment valve 32 within a preset load set value 1 or more and 2 or less.
- the control device 102 adjusts the flow rate of the lean solution pump 54 and the opening degree of the adjustment valve 32 within a preset load set value 0 and 1 or less.
- this control unit 102 controls the operating conditions the CO 2 recovery apparatus 2, even if the CO 2 flow rate was needed small variations within the flow rate range R11 ⁇ R17, actual CO 2 flow rate It becomes possible to appropriately control the operating conditions against fluctuations.
- the control device 102 may perform operation control by appropriately changing the load setting value according to the elapsed time as long as it is within the range of the load setting value corresponding to the flow rate range R11 to R17.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart of operation control of the CO 2 recovery device 2 according to the present embodiment.
- the flow meter 101 measures the exhaust gas flow rate of the exhaust gas 11A introduced into the CO 2 absorption tower 14, and the CO 2 concentration meter 103 The CO 2 concentration in the exhaust gas 11A is measured (step S21).
- the CO 2 flow rate per unit time is obtained based on the exhaust gas flow rate and CO 2 concentration of the exhaust gas 11A measured by the control device 102 (step S22).
- control device 102 divides the obtained CO 2 flow rate into a preset flow rate range, and calculates a load set value corresponding to the divided flow rate range (step S23). Then, the control unit 102 calculates the flow rate of the supplied steam S to flow and the CO 2 absorbing solution regeneration tower 15 is supplied to the CO 2 absorber 14 in accordance with the load set value CO 2 absorbing solution 13 (step S24) The flow rate of the lean solution pump 54 and the opening degree of the adjustment valve 32 are adjusted so that the calculated flow rate is obtained (step S25).
- control unit 102 controls operation based on the CO 2 flow rate of CO 2 concentration in the flow rate and the exhaust gas 11A was determined by measuring the exhaust gas 11A, CO 2 flow rate of the steam S supplied to the flow rate and the CO 2 absorbing solution regeneration tower 15 is supplied to the absorption tower 14 CO 2 absorbing solution 13 can be more accurately controlled.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明の第1の実施形態に係るCO2回収装置の概略図である。図1に示すように、このCO2回収装置1は、ボイラやガスタービンなどの産業設備から排出されたCO2を含有する排ガス(被処理気体)11A中のCO2を吸収して高濃度のCO2ガスとして回収する装置である。このCO2回収装置1は、ボイラやガスタービンなどの産業設備から排出されたCO2を含有する排ガス11Aを冷却する冷却塔12と、この冷却塔12の後段に設けられ、冷却された排ガス11AとCO2吸収液13とを接触させて排ガス11A中のCO2をCO2吸収液13に吸収させて除去するCO2吸収塔14と、このCO2吸収塔14の後段に設けられ、CO2を吸収したCO2吸収液13からCO2を放出させてCO2吸収液13を再生するCO2吸収液再生塔15とを具備する。
R-NH2+H2O+CO2→R-NH3HCO3
次に、本発明の第2の実施の形態について説明する。なお、以下においては、上述した第1の実施の形態に係るCO2回収装置1と共通する構成要素には同一の符号を付し、説明の重複を避ける。
11A,11B,11C,11D 排ガス
12 冷却塔
121 冷却部
122 熱交換器
123 循環ポンプ
13 CO2吸収液
14 CO2吸収塔
14a 塔頂部
14b 塔底部
141 CO2吸収部
142 本水洗部
143 予備水洗部
144 液貯留部
145 チムニートレイ
146 ミストエリミネータ
15 CO2吸収液再生塔
15a 塔頂部
151 CO2吸収液供給部
16 煙道
21 熱交換器
22 循環ポンプ
23 調整弁
24 熱交換器
31 再生加熱器
32 調整弁
33 循環ポンプ
41,44 CO2ガス
42 コンデンサ
43 分離ドラム
45 凝縮水循環ポンプ
50 リッチ溶液供給管
51 リッチソルベントポンプ
52 リッチ・リーン溶液熱交換器
53 リーン溶液供給管
54 リーン溶液ポンプ
55 冷却部
101 流量計
102 制御装置
103 CO2濃度計
L1,L2,L4 循環ライン
L3 抜き出しライン
L5 ガス排出ライン
L6 凝縮水ライン
S 飽和水蒸気
W1 冷却水
W2,W3 洗浄水
W4 水蒸気凝縮水
W5 凝縮水
Claims (10)
- CO2を含む被処理気体とCO2吸収液とを接触させて前記被処理気体に含まれるCO2を前記CO2吸収液に吸収させるCO2吸収塔と、
CO2を吸収した前記CO2吸収液を蒸気によって加熱し、前記CO2吸収液からCO2を放出させてCO2吸収液を再生するCO2吸収液再生塔と、
前記CO2吸収塔に導入される前記被処理気体の流量を測定する流量測定装置と、
前記流量測定装置によって測定された前記被処理気体の流量を複数の流量範囲に区分し、区分した前記複数の流量範囲に応じて予め設定された負荷設定値に基づいて前記CO2吸収塔に供給するCO2吸収液の流量及び前記CO2吸収液再生塔に供給する蒸気の流量を制御する制御装置とを具備することを特徴とする、CO2回収装置。 - CO2を含む被処理気体とCO2吸収液とを接触させて前記被処理気体に含まれるCO2を前記CO2吸収液に吸収させるCO2吸収塔と、
CO2を吸収した前記CO2吸収液を蒸気によって加熱し、前記CO2吸収液からCO2を放出させてCO2吸収液を再生するCO2吸収液再生塔と、
前記CO2吸収塔に導入される前記被処理気体の流量を測定する流量測定装置と、
前記CO2吸収塔に導入される前記被処理気体のCO2濃度を測定するCO2濃度測定装置と、
前記流量測定装置によって測定された前記被処理気体の流量及び前記CO2濃度測定装置によって測定された前記被処理気体中のCO2濃度に基づいて求めた前記被処理気体中のCO2流量を複数の流量範囲に区分し、区分した前記複数の流量範囲に応じて予め設定された負荷設定値に基づいて前記CO2吸収塔に供給するCO2吸収液の流量及び前記CO2吸収液再生塔に供給する蒸気の流量を制御する制御装置とを具備することを特徴とする、CO2回収装置。 - 前記制御装置は、前記複数の流量範囲内において、前記負荷設定値を略一定に維持して前記CO2吸収塔に供給するCO2吸収液の流量及び前記CO2吸収液再生塔に供給する蒸気の流量を制御する、請求項1又は請求項2に記載のCO2回収装置。
- 前記制御装置は、前記複数の流量範囲内において、前記負荷設定値を当該流量範囲に対応する最大値に維持して前記CO2吸収塔に供給するCO2吸収液の流量及び前記CO2吸収液再生塔に供給する蒸気の流量を制御する、請求項1から請求項3のいずれか1項に記載のCO2回収装置。
- 前記複数の流量範囲の区分が7以下である、請求項1から請求項4のいずれか1項に記載のCO2回収装置。
- CO2を含む被処理気体とCO2吸収液とをCO2吸収塔で接触させて前記被処理気体に含まれるCO2を前記CO2吸収液に吸収させるCO2吸収工程と、
前記CO2を吸収した前記CO2吸収液をCO2吸収液再生塔で蒸気によって加熱してCO2を放出させてCO2吸収液を再生する再生工程と、を含み、
前記CO2吸収塔に導入される前記被処理気体の流量を流量測定装置で測定し、測定した前記被処理気体の流量を複数の流量範囲に区分し、区分した前記複数の流量範囲に応じて予め設定された負荷設定値に基づいて前記CO2吸収塔に供給するCO2吸収液の流量及びCO2吸収液再生塔に供給する蒸気の流量を制御することを特徴とする、CO2回収方法。 - CO2を含む被処理気体とCO2吸収液とをCO2吸収塔で接触させて前記被処理気体に含まれるCO2を前記CO2吸収液に吸収させるCO2吸収工程と、
前記CO2を吸収した前記CO2吸収液をCO2吸収液再生塔で蒸気によって加熱してCO2を放出させてCO2吸収液を再生する再生工程と、を含み、
前記CO2吸収塔に導入される前記被処理気体の流量を流量測定装置で測定すると共に、前記CO2吸収塔に導入される前記被処理気体のCO2濃度をCO2濃度測定装置で測定し、測定した前記被処理気体の流量及びCO2濃度の測定値に基づいて求めたCO2流量を複数の流量範囲に区分し、区分した前記複数の流量範囲に応じて予め設定された負荷設定値に基づいて前記CO2吸収塔に供給されるCO2吸収液の流量及び前記CO2吸収液再生塔に供給する蒸気の流量を制御することを特徴とする、CO2回収方法。 - 前記複数の流量範囲内において、前記負荷設定値を略一定に維持して前記CO2吸収塔に供給するCO2吸収液の流量及び前記CO2吸収液再生塔に供給する蒸気の流量を制御する、請求項6又は請求項7に記載のCO2回収方法。
- 前記複数の流量範囲内において、前記負荷設定値を当該流量範囲に対応する最大値に維持して前記CO2吸収塔に供給するCO2吸収液の流量及び前記CO2吸収液再生塔に供給する蒸気の流量を制御する、請求項6から請求項8のいずれか1項に記載のCO2回収方法。
- 前記複数の流量範囲の区分が7以下である、請求項6から請求項9のいずれか1項に記載のCO2回収方法。
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