WO2015104409A1 - Résonateur à ligne à fente pour filtres - Google Patents

Résonateur à ligne à fente pour filtres Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015104409A1
WO2015104409A1 PCT/EP2015/050394 EP2015050394W WO2015104409A1 WO 2015104409 A1 WO2015104409 A1 WO 2015104409A1 EP 2015050394 W EP2015050394 W EP 2015050394W WO 2015104409 A1 WO2015104409 A1 WO 2015104409A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
slot line
slot
line
resonator
parallel
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2015/050394
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ali Louzir
Jean-Luc Robert
Gonzalo ROBLES CABEZAS
Original Assignee
Thomson Licensing
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thomson Licensing filed Critical Thomson Licensing
Publication of WO2015104409A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015104409A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
    • H01P1/201—Filters for transverse electromagnetic waves
    • H01P1/2016—Slot line filters; Fin line filters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P7/00—Resonators of the waveguide type
    • H01P7/005—Helical resonators; Spiral resonators

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a slot line resonator for a filter.
  • the invention further relates to a filter comprising a said slot line resolnator and a method of manufacturing a slot line resonator..
  • resonators made using a microstrip line technology such as quarter wave resonators.
  • the quality factor Q may depend on the shape of the resonator, it is mainly determined by the parameters of the substrate, in particular by the losses due to the conductive material and to the substrate.
  • the resonant frequency of this type of resonator is also highly dependent on the parameters of the substrate such as the relative permittivity and the thickness, as well as on manufacturing processes.
  • a first aspect of the invention concerns a slot line resonator for a filter comprising: a dielectric substrate with a first surface equipped with a conductive layer and a second surface parallel to the first surface, a slot line provided in the conductive layer, an excitation line provided on the second surface of the substrate and for feeding the slot line by electromagnetic coupling, wherein the slot line is folded in accordance with a shape factor based on an operating mode of resonance such that the slot line has parallel (or concentric sections, the electric field of two adjacent parallel or concentric sections being in phase opposition to one another, in particular at one or more adjacent respective positions of the parallel or concentric sections.
  • the excitation line is positioned with respect to the slot line such that it crosses the parallel or concentric sections, for example at a position where the electric field of the two parallel or concentric sections are in phase opposition at the operating mode of resonance.
  • At least one capacitor is positioned in the slot line.
  • the at least one capacitor is positioned in the slot line according to the electric field profile corresponding to the operating mode of resonance.
  • the or each capacitor in the slot line is positioned with respect to the position where the electric field is maximum to control the quality factor of the resonator.
  • This capacitor makes it possible to tune the resonant frequency and therefore improve the quality factor.
  • the slot line is folded in a spiral pattern.
  • the shape factor of the spiral pattern is rectangular with a length at least twice as great as the width. In an embodiment, the shape factor of the spiral pattern is square.
  • the operating mode of resonance is the fundamental mode or the first harmonic mode.
  • the excitation line is a microstrip line.
  • the microstrip line has an end positioned Am/8 from the centre of the pattern where Am is the guided wavelength in the microstrip line at the fundamental frequency.
  • the slot line has an electrical length L less than or equal to k A/2 where A is the guided wavelength in the slot at the harmonic frequency of order (k-1 ) and k is an integer greater than or equal to 1 (the fundamental mode being the zero harmonic)
  • a further aspect of the invention comprises at least one slot line resonator comprising: a dielectric substrate with a first surface equipped with a conductive layer and a second surface parallel to the first surface, a slot line provided in the conductive layer, an excitation line provided on the second surface of the substrate and for feeding the slot line by electromagnetic coupling, wherein the slot line is folded in accordance with a shape factor based on an operating mode of resonance such that the slot line has parallel (or concentric sections, the electric field of two adjacent parallel or concentric sections being in phase opposition to one another at one or more adjacent positions.
  • the filter is a lossy filter.
  • an electronic wireless device comprising a filter provided with at least one slot line resonator comprising: a dielectric substrate with a first surface equipped with a conductive layer and a second surface parallel to the first surface, a slot line provided in the conductive layer, an excitation line provided on the second surface of the substrate and for feeding the slot line by electromagnetic coupling, wherein the slot line is folded in accordance with a shape factor based on an operating mode of resonance such that the slot line has parallel (or concentric sections, the electric field of two adjacent parallel or concentric sections being in phase opposition to one another at one or more adjacent positions.
  • a further aspect of the invention provides a method of manufacturing a slot line resonator for a pass band filter comprising providing a slot line in a conductive layer of a first surface of a dielectric substrate, the slot line being folded with a shape factor based on the operating mode of resonance such that such that the slot line has parallel or concentric sections, the electric field of two adjacent parallel or concentric sections being in phase opposition at one or more adjacent positions; and providing an excitation line on a second face of the substrate, parallel to the first surface for feeding the slot line by electromagnetic coupling
  • a slot line resonator for single or multiple passband filters comprising: a dielectric substrate with a first face equipped with a conductive layer and a second parallel face, a slot line etched in the conductive layer, a feed line implemented on the second face of the substrate and feeding the slot by electromagnetic coupling, characterised in that the slot line has an electrical length L less than or equal to kA/2 where ⁇ is the guided wavelength in the slot at the harmonic frequency of order (k-1 ) and k is an integer greater than or equal to 1 (the fundamental mode being the zero harmonic), the slot line being folded in a spiral pattern with a shape factor such that the slot line has parallel or concentric sections, the electric field of two parallel sections being in phase opposition.
  • the shape factor of the spiral pattern is rectangular with a length at least twice as great as the width.
  • At least one capacitor is positioned in the slot line. The use of this capacitor makes it possible to tune the resonant frequency and therefore improve the quality factor.
  • a Knorr-type coupling is provided between the excitation line and the slot line.
  • Embodiments of the invention propose a new type of printed resonator which is small and has a high quality factor Q and a reduced sensitivity to the parameters of the substrate.
  • the present invention is based on the use of a slot line to make a resonator for filters.
  • Figure 1 already described shows very diagrammatically a microstrip line/slot line coupling making it possible to explain the present invention.
  • Figure 2 already described shows the intensity of the electric field as a function of the length of the slot line for different operating modes.
  • Figure 3 shows a first embodiment of a slot line resonator and the electric field in this resonator for different operating modes.
  • Figure 4 is a curve giving the resonance as a function of the frequency for the operating mode of figure 3.
  • Figure 5 shows, in the left part, a second embodiment of a slot line resonator in accordance with the present invention and the distribution of the electric field inside the slot line for different frequencies corresponding to the different resonance modes, and, in the right part, the curve of resonance as a function of the frequency.
  • Figure 6 is a diagrammatic perspective view of a resonator in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 shows, in the right part, a variant embodiment of a slot line resonator in accordance with the present invention and in the left part, different resonance curves showing the advantages of the embodiment shown.
  • Figure 8 shows, in the left part, a slot line resonator in accordance with the present invention and a resonator of the same type whose dimensions have been significantly reduced and, in the right part, the resonance curves of the two embodiments.
  • Figure 9 diagrammatically shows a filter made with a resonator in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 An example of a slot line used to make a radiating antenna is illustrated in Figure 1 .
  • the radiating antenna uses a microstrip line/slot line electromagnetic coupling.
  • ⁇ slot/2 is equal to 25.2 mm.
  • the electromagnetic coupling is achieved using a microstrip line 2 having a length ⁇ 0/2 equal to 28.8 mm.
  • This microstrip line has, like the slot line, a width of 0.8 mm.
  • One of the ends of the microstrip line is connected at A to an excitation circuit not shown.
  • the microstrip line 2 crosses the slot line 1 at one crossover point found a distance substantially equal to ⁇ /4 from the open- circuited end of the microstrip line and ⁇ slot/4 from the short-circuited ends of the slot line.
  • a so-called Knorr-type coupling is thus obtained.
  • the behaviour of the slot line of Figure 1 is illustrated in figure 2 which shows the intensity of the electric field E as a function of the frequency.
  • the field E is maximal at a distance equal to L/2 from the edge of the slot (i.e. in the middle of the slot)
  • the maximum of the field E is observed at the first quarter from each edge, namely at L/4 and 3L/4
  • Embodiments of the present invention rely on this distribution of the electric field E to make a slot line resonator for filters which is compact and low-cost.
  • Embodiments of the invention involve folding a slot line having a length L determined by the desired resonant frequency so that the electric fields are in phase opposition in order to be able to cancel each other out.
  • the folding is done in a spiral pattern so as to obtain a structure which is the most compact possible.
  • FIG. 3 A description will first be given, with reference to figures 3 and 4, of a first embodiment of a non-radiating slot line resonator in accordance with the present invention.
  • the resonator has been made by etching, in the ground plane of a substrate, a slot line 10 of approximate length 25.2 mm folded according to a rectangular shape factor with a length much greater than the width.
  • the length is 8.67 mm.
  • the slot is folded in a rectangular spiral pattern having 4 parallel line sections L1 , L2, L3 and L4.
  • the slot line 10 is excited by electromagnetic coupling by a microstrip line 1 1 made in a known manner on the other face of the substrate.
  • the microstrip line crosses the 4 line sections L1 , L2, L3, L4 in their middle. It will be appreciated by those in the skilled art that other positions for the microstrip line can be envisaged.
  • Part B shows the electric field E when the resonator operates in its fundamental mode or zero harmonic namely at 2.55 GHz.
  • the significant electric fields are on sections L2 and L4 with almost identical amplitudes and in phase opposition.
  • the radiation efficiency RE obtained is very low, namely 3.5%.
  • a non-radiating resonance is therefore observed for the fundamental mode.
  • Part C relates to operation at 5.86 GHz, namely at the first harmonic.
  • the significant electric fields are, for the first half-wave as shown in figure 2, in the second half of L1 and the first half of L4; the fields E have an equivalent amplitude in phase opposition and therefore cancel each other out.
  • the slot line of figure 1 has been etched in a spiral pattern having a substantially square shape factor, namely where the length is substantially equal to the width.
  • a slot line 20 of total length 25.2 mm for an operation at 2.26 GHz a length and a width substantially equal to 4.28 mm are therefore obtained.
  • the slot line comprises 15 line portions starting from outer portions L1 , L2, L3, L4 and going up to the innermost portion L15.
  • the slot line 20 is excited by electromagnetic coupling using a microstrip line 21 implemented on the opposite face of the substrate.
  • this resonator When this resonator operates in the fundamental mode, namely at 2.26 GHz, as shown in part B the significant electric fields are on lengths L3, L4, L5, L6 with amplitudes which are quite close together and in phase opposition for L3 and L5 on one hand and L4 and L6 on the other hand. A non-radiating resonance is therefore observed for the fundamental mode or zero harmonic with a radiation efficiency RE of 3.2%, that is to say quite low.
  • the significant electric fields are on lengths L2, L3, and L4 for the first half-wave and on lengths L7, L8, L9 and L10 for the second half-wave.
  • the horizontal components of L2 and L8 are in phase opposition with L4 and L10 and likewise the vertical components of L3 and L5 are in phase opposition with L7.
  • the radiation efficiency of the resonator for the first harmonic is equal to 13.8%. It therefore remains low.
  • the significant electric fields E are on lengths L6, L9, L10.
  • the horizontal or vertical electric fields add together and the radiation efficiency RE of the resonator is equal to 55.7%. This efficiency is therefore high.
  • the right part of figure 5 is a curve giving the reflection coefficient at the input of the microstrip line providing the excitation as a function of the frequency and clearly shows the 3 resonances obtained at the 3 frequencies indicated by the markers ml , m2 and m3.
  • a slot line resonator in accordance with the present invention, implementing the principles described above.
  • a slot line 32 which has been folded in a spiral pattern with a square shape factor has been etched into the ground plane 31.
  • an excitation line 33 made using microstrip technology has been etched. This microstrip line 33 crosses a set of parallel sections of the slot line, passing over the central section 34.
  • the excitation achieved in this case is an excitation of Knorr type and the centre 34 of the resonator pattern is approximately Am/4 from the edge of the microstrip line 33 where Am is the guided wavelength in the microstrip line at the first harmonic that is to say at approximately Am/8 of the fundamental.
  • the slot line resonator 40 has a square shape factor like the resonator shown in figure 5. It is excited by a microstrip line 41 .
  • at least one capacitor 42A, 42B, 42C has been mounted in the slot line 40 in different sections of the spiral pattern. Measurements of the resonance as a function of the frequency have been made by placing a 0.3pF capacitor on the different sections of the spiral pattern. It is therefore observed that, according to the position of the capacitor, the resonance frequency of the resonator can be modified.
  • the capacitor is placed as near as possible to the strongest zone of electric field E, a very significant influence on the behaviour of the resonator is observed. Moreover, the quality factor Q decreases when we move away from the zone of maximum electric field. Thus, the insertion of a capacitor in the slot of a slot line resonator in a specific zone makes it possible to tune the quality factor Q and the frequency.
  • This result clearly shows the possibility of controlling the quality factor and the resonance frequency of the compact resonator which is the object of the invention using the insertion of the capacitor at a judiciously chosen point in the slot.
  • the slot line resonator of figures 3 and 4 has a rectangular shape factor with a length of 8.67 mm, the slot line 10 being folded so as to have 4 sections with long lengths while the widths are very small.
  • This spiral structure is excited by an excitation line 1 1 made using microstrip technology on the opposite face of the substrate.
  • the curve in the right part of figure 8 is a curve giving the reflection coefficient at the input of the microstrip line providing the excitation as a function of the frequency showing the resonant frequencies (respectively ml , m2, m3).
  • This resonator can be used advantageously to make miniature filters tunable in the WiFi band as shown diagrammatically in figure 9.
  • the filter shown in figure 9 comprises 4 resonators 60A, 60B, 60C, 60D, with outer resonators 60A and 60D and two resonators 60B and 60C parallel to each other.
  • the two outer resonators are each excited by a microstrip line 61 A and 61 B according to a principle of Knorr type.
  • An embodiment of an extremely compact fourth-order coupled resonator filter using the slot resonators which are the object of the present invention is thus obtained.
  • Embodiments of the invention provide a compact and inexpensive slot line resonator making it possible to make low-cost, highly selective filters.
  • Embodiments of the present invention make it possible to produce a very compact, low-cost resonator having a high, controllable quality factor Q and which is not very sensitive to the parameters of the substrate and to the production tolerances.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un résonateur à ligne à fente pour filtres passe-bande à bande unique ou à bandes multiples, comprenant: un substrat diélectrique présentant une première face équipée d'une couche conductrice et une seconde face parallèle, une ligne à fente (10) gravée dans la couche conductrice, et une ligne d'excitation (11) réalisée sur la seconde face du substrat et alimentant la ligne à fente par couplage électromagnétique. La ligne à fente possède une longueur électrique L inférieure ou égale à k.λ/2, λ étant la longueur d'onde guidée dans la fente à la fréquence harmonique d'ordre (k-1) et k étant un entier supérieur ou égal à 1 (le mode fondamental étant l'harmonique zéro) ; la ligne à fente est pliée pour former un motif spirale, avec un facteur de forme tel que la ligne à fente comporte des sections parallèles L1, L2, L3, L4, le champ électrique de deux sections parallèles étant en opposition de phase.
PCT/EP2015/050394 2014-01-13 2015-01-12 Résonateur à ligne à fente pour filtres WO2015104409A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1450223 2014-01-13
FR1450223 2014-01-13

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WO2015104409A1 true WO2015104409A1 (fr) 2015-07-16

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108287937A (zh) * 2017-12-18 2018-07-17 南京熊猫电子股份有限公司 高选择性紧凑型带通滤波器及其设计方法

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US20030137370A1 (en) * 1999-02-23 2003-07-24 Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Dielectric resonator, inductor, capacitor, dielectric filter, oscillator, and communication device
US20060017527A1 (en) * 2003-10-15 2006-01-26 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Resonator
US20060125703A1 (en) * 2004-12-14 2006-06-15 Intel Corporation Slot antenna having a MEMS varactor for resonance frequency tuning
KR20110031614A (ko) * 2009-09-21 2011-03-29 중앙대학교 산학협력단 접지면에 형성된 나선형 슬롯을 가지는 소형 0차 공진 안테나
FR2967537A1 (fr) * 2010-11-15 2012-05-18 Univ Rennes Antenne compacte adaptable en impedance
CN103236571A (zh) * 2013-03-28 2013-08-07 华东交通大学 一种槽线双频带带通滤波器

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030137370A1 (en) * 1999-02-23 2003-07-24 Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Dielectric resonator, inductor, capacitor, dielectric filter, oscillator, and communication device
US20060017527A1 (en) * 2003-10-15 2006-01-26 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Resonator
US20060125703A1 (en) * 2004-12-14 2006-06-15 Intel Corporation Slot antenna having a MEMS varactor for resonance frequency tuning
KR20110031614A (ko) * 2009-09-21 2011-03-29 중앙대학교 산학협력단 접지면에 형성된 나선형 슬롯을 가지는 소형 0차 공진 안테나
FR2967537A1 (fr) * 2010-11-15 2012-05-18 Univ Rennes Antenne compacte adaptable en impedance
CN103236571A (zh) * 2013-03-28 2013-08-07 华东交通大学 一种槽线双频带带通滤波器

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Title
ADEL B ABDEL-RAHMAN ET AL: "Small size third order coupled resonator band-pass filter using capacitor loaded slots", ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION (MECAP), 2010 IEEE MIDDLE EAST CONFERENCE ON, IEEE, 20 October 2010 (2010-10-20), pages 1 - 4, XP031921762, ISBN: 978-1-61284-903-4, DOI: 10.1109/MECAP.2010.5724178 *
RAJAB M BEGENJI ET AL: "Novel Tunable Band-reject Filter Using Modified C-shaped Defected Ground Structure", PIERS 2012 KUALA LUMPUR PROCEEDINGS, 30 March 2012 (2012-03-30), Cambridge, pages 634 - 636, XP055177968, ISBN: 978-1-93-414220-2 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108287937A (zh) * 2017-12-18 2018-07-17 南京熊猫电子股份有限公司 高选择性紧凑型带通滤波器及其设计方法
CN108287937B (zh) * 2017-12-18 2021-11-05 南京熊猫电子股份有限公司 高选择性紧凑型带通滤波器及其设计方法

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