WO2015103820A1 - 以压电方式对弯扭复合能量进行回收的减振装置 - Google Patents

以压电方式对弯扭复合能量进行回收的减振装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015103820A1
WO2015103820A1 PCT/CN2014/075156 CN2014075156W WO2015103820A1 WO 2015103820 A1 WO2015103820 A1 WO 2015103820A1 CN 2014075156 W CN2014075156 W CN 2014075156W WO 2015103820 A1 WO2015103820 A1 WO 2015103820A1
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Prior art keywords
vibration damping
bending
inner ring
vibration
damper
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PCT/CN2014/075156
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English (en)
French (fr)
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李家俊
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天津大学
李家俊
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Publication of WO2015103820A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015103820A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
    • H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
    • H02N2/186—Vibration harvesters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/10—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system
    • F16F15/14—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using masses freely rotating with the system, i.e. uninvolved in transmitting driveline torque, e.g. rotative dynamic dampers
    • F16F15/1407—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using masses freely rotating with the system, i.e. uninvolved in transmitting driveline torque, e.g. rotative dynamic dampers the rotation being limited with respect to the driving means
    • F16F15/1414—Masses driven by elastic elements
    • F16F15/1435—Elastomeric springs, i.e. made of plastic or rubber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2224/00—Materials; Material properties
    • F16F2224/02—Materials; Material properties solids
    • F16F2224/0283—Materials; Material properties solids piezoelectric; electro- or magnetostrictive

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to an engine vibration damping technology, and particularly relates to a piezoelectric method for recovering bending and torsion composite vibration energy. s installation.
  • the vibration reduction of the crankshaft is generally divided into torsional vibration damping and bending vibration damping.
  • the torsional vibration damping is mainly used to reduce the resonance of the crankshaft.
  • the amplitude is designed according to the natural frequency of the crankshaft.
  • the vibration reduction of bending vibration is mainly to eliminate the crankshaft due to vertical
  • the vibration generated by force In fact, no matter whether the engine reaches resonance or not, vibration will be generated on the crankshaft, resulting in vibration energy. The amount is dissipated as heat. If the energy can be recovered while the vibration damping effect is achieved, It will surely become what the industry wants.
  • the technical solution adopted for achieving the object of the present invention is that the inner ring of the damper is superimposed and assembled with the inner ring of the bending vibration.
  • the side wall of the inner ring of the vibrating vibration is in turn provided with a bending vibration damping rubber and a bending vibration damping block, and a twist is arranged between the inner ring of the damper and the torsional vibration damping disk. Vibration damping rubber. Between the bending vibration damping rubber and the bending vibration damping block, and between the torsional vibration damping disk and the torsional vibration damping rubber, N separate ceramic piezoelectric sheets are mounted, and the ceramic piezoelectric sheets are connected by wires.
  • the invention utilizes the principle that a piezoelectric effect is generated when a piezoelectric material is pressed, and the vibration damping rubber of the composite damper Piezoelectric power sheets are arranged at the boundary between the bending and torsional vibration substrates. Piezoelectricity can be applied when the engine crankshaft vibrates during operation The charge generated by the effect is converted to an external output voltage.
  • the characteristic and beneficial effect of the invention is that different from the traditional silicone oil torsional vibration damper, the energy generated by the torsional vibration of the crankshaft
  • the damped liquid is dissipated outward in the form of heat, and its vibration energy is not effectively recovered and utilized.
  • the magnetic energy recovery torsional vibration damper the device has a simple structure, and the vibration energy can be piezoelectrically converted in the manner of vibration energy. To recycle. This power is sufficient to provide vehicle illumination, and if the piezoelectric area is large enough, it can be recovered up to kilowatts. Electrical energy.
  • the drawings shown are a schematic representation of the principles and structure of the apparatus of the present invention.
  • the figure shows the semi-circular structure of the damper.
  • the dotted line of the end is the center line of the damper.
  • the vibration damping device for recovering the bending and torsion composite energy by piezoelectric means includes: inner ring of the damper, inner ring of the bending vibration, and bending vibration Damping rubber, bending vibration damping block, torsional vibration damping disk, and torsional vibration damping rubber, etc., the structure is: damper inner ring 1 and bending The inner ring 2 is superimposed and assembled into one body, and the side wall of the inner ring of the curved vibration is sequentially provided with a bending vibration damping rubber 3 and a bending vibration damping block 4.
  • a torsional vibration damping rubber 6 is disposed between the inner ring and the torsional vibration damper 5, between the bending vibration damping rubber and the bending vibration damping block, and Between the torsional vibration damping disk and the torsional vibration damping rubber, N independent ceramic piezoelectric sheets 7 are respectively installed, and the ceramic piezoelectric sheets are passed through. Wire connection.
  • the inner ring of the bending vibration, the inner ring of the damper and the torsional vibration damping disk are all annular. Bending vibration damping block and bending inner ring Bend vibration damping rubber for fixing.
  • the ceramic piezoelectric piece serves as an AC output terminal at the center of the inner ring of the damper.
  • the bending and torsion composite damper is composed of a bending damper and a torsional vibration damper, and the individual dampers include their respective The inner ring and the damping block (disc) are damped and connected by a damping rubber.
  • the bending vibration damping block comprises eight ceramic piezoelectric sheets; the torsional vibration damping disk comprises 12 ceramic piezoelectric sheets.
  • the end face of the torsional vibration damping disk is perpendicular to the crankshaft; the bending vibration damping block is connected to the inner ring of the bending vibration by a plurality of blocks through the damping rubber.
  • the damper inner ring, the curved inner ring and the torsional vibration damper of the damper are molded by a mold. Because the rubber is damping in the damping device
  • the glue plays a major role, so the ceramic piezoelectric piece is embedded in the contact surface with the bending and torsional base. Ceramic piezoelectric
  • the sheets are connected in series (equivalent to a generator) and the wires are led out through the housing for charge conversion and connected to an external power source.
  • the piezoelectric generator is connected through an external circuit, and when the vibration damping block is rotated by the crankshaft, the vibration of the crankshaft is generated. Born on the damper, the damping rubber receives shear and extrusion, and the squeezing force excites the piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric material. In addition, the external circuit converts the piezoelectric effect into a current, thereby realizing the conversion of mechanical energy to electrical energy.

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  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)

Abstract

一种以压电方式对弯扭复合能量进行回收的减振装置，其结构是：减振器内圈（1）与弯振内圈（2）叠加组装为一体，弯振内圈侧壁依次镶有弯振减振橡胶（3）和弯振减振块（4），减振器内圈与扭振减振盘（5）之间装有扭振减振橡胶（6），在弯振减振橡胶与弯振减振块之间以及扭振减振盘与扭振减振橡胶之间，分别装有N片独立的陶瓷压电片（7），各陶瓷压电片通过导线连接。弯振内圈、减振器内圈以及扭振减振盘均为环形。其将振动能量通过压电转换的方式加以回收，电能可用于车辆照明。

Description

以压电方式对弯扭复合能量进行回收的减振装置 技术领域
本发明属于发动机减振技术，具体涉及一种以压电方式对弯扭复合振动能量进行回收 的装置。
背景技术
众所周知，发动机在工作运行中会不可避免地产生扭转振动,这种振动使得机器设备 效率降低,甚至造成曲轴或传动轴的疲劳破坏,尤其是在高速、高压的发动机中情况更为 严重。有时因长期振动所造成的轴系扭振烈度虽未达到曲轴断裂的程度,但曲轴的扭转变 形将会导致主轴瓦剥落烧损，正时齿轮或其它传动附件破坏。此外，曲轴的扭转变形还会 使发动机噪声增大。因此，消减扭转振动是发动机设计制造中急待解决的问题。
对曲轴的减振一般分为扭振减振和弯振减振，扭振减振主要是为了消减曲轴共振时的 振幅，依据曲轴固有频率而进行设计。当曲轴转速接近共振转速时，减振器的阻尼特性发 挥作用，耗散掉扭振减振器因共振产生的能量。弯曲振动的减振主要是消除曲轴因垂向作 用力而产生的振动。其实，无论发动机是否达到共振，曲轴上都会产生振动，导致振动能 量以热量的方式耗散出去。如果能够在达到减振效果的基础上，同时又将该能量进行回收， 则必将成为本行业之所求。
发明内容
本发明的目的是，提供一种以压电方式对弯扭复合能量进行回收的减振装置。除了能 够实现有效的减振效果以外，还能够使曲轴振动能量得以有效的回收。
为实现本发明的目的所采取的技术方案是：减振器内圈与弯振内圈叠加组装为一体， 弯振内圈侧壁依次镶有弯振减振橡胶和弯振减振块，减振器内圈与扭振减振盘之间装有扭 振减振橡胶。在弯振减振橡胶与弯振减振块之间以及扭振减振盘与扭振减振橡胶之间，分 别装有N片独立的陶瓷压电片，各陶瓷压电片通过导线连接。
本发明利用压电材料受到挤压时会产生压电效应的原理，在复合减振器的减振橡胶与 弯振和扭振基体界面布置压电发电片。当发动机曲轴在运行过程中发生振动时，可将压电 效应所产生的电荷转变为对外输出电压。
本发明的特点及有益效果是，不同于传统的硅油扭振减振器将曲轴扭振产生的能量通 过阻尼液体向外以热量的方式散掉，其振动能量得不到有效的回收和利用。而所发明的电 磁能量回收扭振减振器，本装置结构简单，可以将振动能量压电转换的方式对振动能量加 以回收。这些电能足以供给车辆照明，如果压电面积足够大，则可以回收多达千瓦级别的 电能。
附图说明
所示附图是本发明装置的原理与结构示意图。附图显示的是减振器半圆结构，图中底 端的点化线即是该减振器的中心线。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图并通过实施例对本发明的原理与结构作进一步的说明。
以压电方式对弯扭复合能量进行回收的减振装置包括：减振器内圈、弯振内圈、弯振 减振橡胶、弯振减振块、扭振减振盘以及扭振减振橡胶等，其结构是：减振器内圈1与弯 振内圈2叠加组装为一体，弯振内圈侧壁依次镶有弯振减振橡胶3和弯振减振块4。减振 器内圈与扭振减振盘5之间装有扭振减振橡胶6，在弯振减振橡胶与弯振减振块之间以及 扭振减振盘与扭振减振橡胶之间，分别装有N片独立的陶瓷压电片7，各陶瓷压电片通过 导线连接。弯振内圈、减振器内圈以及扭振减振盘均为环形。弯振减振块与弯振内圈采用 弯振减振橡胶进行固定。陶瓷压电片在减振器内圈中心位置作为交流电输出端。
弯扭复合减振器由弯振减振器和扭振减振器复合而成，单独的减振器包括各自对应的 减振内圈和减振块（盘），中间由减振橡胶连接。
作为实施例，弯振减振块所包含8块陶瓷压电片；扭振减振盘包含12片陶瓷压电片。 扭振减振盘的端面与曲轴垂直；弯振减振块分若干块状通过减振橡胶连接在弯振内圈上。 减振器的减振器内圈、弯振内圈以及扭振减振盘通过模具成型。因为在减振装置中减振橡 胶起到主要作用，所以将陶瓷压电片镶嵌在与弯振和扭振基体的接触面以内。各陶瓷压电 片串联接在一起（相当于发电器）通过壳体将导线引出进行电荷转换，并连接外部电源。
将压电发电器通过外接电路进行连接，当减振块在曲轴带动下旋转时，曲轴的振动发 生在减振器上表现为减振橡胶收到剪切和挤压，该挤压力将压电材料的压电效应激发出 来，外接电路可将压电效应转换为电流，从而实现了机械能到电能的转换。

Claims (2)

  1. 以压电方式对弯扭复合能量进行回收的减振装置，包括：减振器内圈、弯振内圈、 弯振减振橡胶、弯振减振块、扭振减振盘以及扭振减振橡胶，其特征是：减振器内圈（1） 与弯振内圈（2）叠加组装为一体，弯振内圈侧壁依次镶有弯振减振橡胶（3）和弯振减振 块（4），减振器内圈与扭振减振盘（5）之间装有扭振减振橡胶（6），在弯振减振橡胶与 弯振减振块之间以及扭振减振盘与扭振减振橡胶之间，分别装有N片独立的陶瓷压电片 （7），各陶瓷压电片通过导线连接。
  2. 按照权利要求1所述的以压电方式对弯扭复合能量进行回收的减振装置，其特征 是：所述弯振内圈、减振器内圈以及扭振减振盘均为环形，所述弯振减振块与弯振内圈通 过减振橡胶进行固定，弯振减振块或者为环形，或者为分块状，所述陶瓷压电片在减振器 内圈中心位置作为交流电输出端。
PCT/CN2014/075156 2014-01-13 2014-04-11 以压电方式对弯扭复合能量进行回收的减振装置 WO2015103820A1 (zh)

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